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customers were the
Cossacks. Guzun Guzunov was master of cold arms and silversmiths, the native of Gazi-Kumukh, who led the workshop with his brother Durpal. In 1889 the workshop of Guzun had expanded and employed 20–30 people from Gazi-Kumukh and Kubachi. Guzunov produced sabers, swords, daggers or kinjals (after the end of the Caucasian War the tsarist administration banned residents of the Caucasus and master gunsmiths to produce modern firearm). The Lak scholar and
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83:
53:
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At the end of the 19th century Laks went to work in different cities of Russia. In 1868 Alexander
Komarov wrote that from Gazi-Kumukh District "almost all adult men travel to work to different places". At the Paris exhibition in 1889 there was presented a copper washstand with a lantern of Lak master
408:
Lak artisans were mainly engaged in weapons manufacturing. After the completion of
Caucasian War, Laks began to develop other types of crafts — gold and silver processing, production of footwear and clothing, copper work. The best known jewellers were from Kumukh, Nitsovkra, Duchi, Khurukra, Chitur,
429:
Among Lak gunsmiths families of
Guzunov, Abdullah Akiyev and Mulla Omarov were well known. Osman Omarov was a master of cold arms, the native of Gazi-Kumukh, who led a workshop in Vladikavkaz that employed 15–20 people. Osman's blades were highly priced and enjoyed the greatest popularity. Frequent
404:
O. V. Markgraf, one of the members of the
Committee on artisanal crafts of the Caucasus, wrote in his book "Essay on the artisanal crafts of the Northern Caucasus in 1882": "In the past Kumukh village deservedly became famous as a kind of capital and production center of the district, known for the
320:
use the name "Lak" or "Lakral kanu" (the Lak place) to refer to Kumukh. The naming of the surrounding villages as "Lakral sharhurdu" meant that they belong to Lak. In all probability, in ancient times Laks lived in the small village of Lak. The toponym "Lak" was adopted only in the Lak language. In
400:
In the 19th century the main market for products of Kazi-Kumukh
Khanate was in Kazi-Kumukh where one could see not only Laks with their goods, but also Avars, Dargins and Lezgins. Inhabitants of Kazi-Kumukh supplied almost all of Dagestan with different sorts of copperware. The pottery products of
343:
In the 14th century Kumukh was named "Gazi-Gumuk" (in Lak). The prefix "Gazi" meant that Kumukh was the military and political center of
Muslims. In the 14th century Turkic historians (Shami, Yezdi) mentioned Kumukh as "Gazi-Kumuk" (the possession of shamkhal). In the 15th–16th centuries the
412:
J. L. Lazorev noted that "In the industrial and property sense
Kazikumuks serve as an example for all the mountaineers of Dagestan, like the Armenians in Transcaucasia they are smart, brave and warlike". In 1882 Gazi-Kumukh was visited by Russian scientist Dmitry Anuchin (earned a worldwide
413:
reputation in research on archaeology and ethnography) who wrote that "Kazi-Kumukh is frequented very seldom, meanwhile it is one of the most famous in
Dagestan. Some residents are engaged in agriculture but more in manufacturing of weapons, copper utensils, as well as trade.
348:(17th century) Kumukh of 6th century and the 8th century was named "Kumuk". In the 19th century Russians capturing Kumukh named it "Kazi-Kumyk" and its inhabitants "Lak" which for the Laks also meant a
1286:
409:
Churtakh, Tsushar, Chari and
Unchukatl. Gold and silver produce decorated with enamel and ivory of Kumukh masters was well priced. There were 150 goldsmiths in Kumukh along.
1048:
340:
in the 10th century named Kumukh as a fortress "Alal and Gumik". The prefix "Alal" can be taken as "al-Lak" that was the name of the inhabitants of Kumukh or its territory.
376:
wrote: "The Arabs have put someone named Shah-Bal the ruler of the Laks". In 778 the construction of the first mosque was completed in Kumukh and Islam got established in
838:
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teacher Ali Kayaev was born in Gazi-Kumukh. The city's historic craftsmen, including Munchaev, Abdurahman Shakhshaev, Haji-Muhammed, are well known.
1057:
920:Тарихи Дербенд-наме. Историч. хроника / Под ред. М. Алиханова-Аварского, вступ. ст. и комментарии А. Р. Шихсаидова. — Махачкала, ИД «Эпоха», 2007.
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Ali Buta Shaban. In Kutaisi province there were over 50 registered Lak jewelers, 120 in Tiflis province, and 90 in Tiflis along. Gunsmiths to
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1034:
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and existed before they converted to Islam. The first reliable information about Kumukh dates to the 6th century when Kumukh was part of
45:
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inhabitants of northern Dagestan named Kumukh as "Kazi-Kumuk" (in Turkic) and "Kazi-Kumukh" (in Russian). In the chronicle
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the understanding of Laks, Kumukh was a fortress of Lak city and then in the general sense became the capital of the
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The city's economy centers on farming and construction, and the city is served by a school and hospital.
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380:. Gazi-Kumukh had been in the past a large trading and political center of Dagestan and capital of
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938:Исмей-Гаджи Гусейнов. Лаки в истории Дагестана (VI—XX века). Кавказский Узел / Энциклопедия.
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8:
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Lak Balkhar was popular in Dagestan. Kazi-Kumukh was the center of arms production too.
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1026:
1008:"Şeyh Cemaleddin Kumuki (k.s.) | Evliyalar.net - Evliya, Sahabe, Peygamber Kabirleri"
911:Ибн Рустэ. Из книги драгоценных камней. (Пер. Караулова Н. А.) — Тифлис. 1903, с. 49.
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in the 10th century mentioned fortress "'Amik" which is taken as "Gumik ".
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came mainly from Dagestan and in particular from Gazi-Kumukh and Kubachi.
929:В. А. Потто. Поход в Кази-Кумык в 1820 году. С.-Петербург, 1899 г., с. 2.
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Historical literature mentioned Kumukh in a variety of pronunciations.
305:. It is located on the banks of the Kazikumukh Koysu, a branch of the
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in the 10th century mentioned "Gumik" as a city or a principality.
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388:, the settlement was the administrative capital of the
965:Рамазан Маршаев, Бута Бутаев. История лакцев. 1991.
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297:is a village and the administrative center of
1042:
947:Э. Г. Аствацатурян. С-Пб 2004, стр. 126, 127
1049:
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405:most exquisite examples of weapons art."
360:Kumukh is the historical center of the
1299:
1030:
746:Jamaluddin al-Kumuki (1788-1869), a
1307:Rural localities in Laksky District
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368:. In 734 Kumukh became part of the
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995:Предприятия села на сервере ГДЕ.24
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65:Show map of Republic of Dagestan
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956:О. В. Маркграф, стр. 206, 207.
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750:tariqa shaykh and relative of
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1:
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448:Köppen climate classification
395:
312:
191:1,512 m (4,961 ft)
7:
846:
579:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
509:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
16:Village in Dagestan, Russia
10:
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858:History of the Lak people
723:Source: Climate-Data.org
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442:Kumukh has a warm-summer
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460:Climate data for Kumukh
372:. General and historian
901:Топографическая карта
227: • Summer (
124:42.17056°N 47.11750°E
863:History of Dagestan
390:Kazikumukhsky Okrug
120: /
382:Gazikumukh Khanate
201: • Total
129:42.17056; 47.11750
95:Show map of Russia
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976:"Climate: Kumukh"
883:Kulinsky District
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752:Shaykh Shamil
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417:Seasonal work
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384:. During the
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105:Coordinates:
103:
77:
47:
37:
30:
20:
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1012:. Retrieved
1010:(in Turkish)
1001:
990:
979:. Retrieved
970:
961:
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916:
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873:Lak language
736:
724:
653:mm (inches)
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374:Vasily Potto
359:
342:
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294:
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424:Vladikavkaz
307:Sulak River
295:Gazi Kumukh
127: /
1301:Categories
1014:2022-08-31
981:2016-02-27
889:References
748:Naqshbandi
362:Lak people
264:.gazikumuh
196:Population
115:47°07′03″E
112:42°10′14″N
1272:Unchukatl
1187:Kulushats
396:Craftsmen
338:Ibn Rushd
330:Al-Masudi
313:Etymology
248:Area code
210:Time zone
188:Elevation
1242:Shakhuva
1227:Luguvalu
1167:Khurukra
1147:Khulisma
1132:Kamakhal
1107:Churtakh
847:See also
649:Average
432:madrassa
303:Dagestan
252:+7 87267
177:District
170:Dagestan
1262:Tulizma
1252:Shovkra
1202:Kundakh
1162:Khurkhi
1142:Karasha
1117:Gushchi
1087:Bagikla
1006:admin.
759:Gallery
733:Economy
718:(25.6)
644:(35.6)
639:(22.1)
634:(30.2)
629:(37.6)
624:(45.3)
619:(53.1)
614:(53.6)
609:(48.6)
604:(43.0)
599:(33.3)
594:(24.6)
589:(18.5)
584:(16.7)
574:(51.7)
569:(35.1)
564:(43.2)
559:(54.3)
554:(64.6)
549:(70.9)
544:(72.9)
539:(67.3)
534:(60.3)
529:(51.4)
524:(38.5)
519:(31.3)
514:(30.4)
438:Climate
356:History
350:toponym
334:Al-Kufi
279:Russian
257:Website
140:Country
33:Village
1237:Sangar
1222:Lakhir
1212:Kurkli
1197:Kumukh
1127:Inisha
1112:Govkra
1102:Chukna
1097:Chitur
1092:Burshi
1082:Arussi
853:Kumyks
713:(0.7)
708:(1.4)
703:(2.0)
698:(2.5)
693:(2.6)
688:(2.9)
683:(4.1)
678:(3.8)
673:(2.4)
668:(1.5)
663:(1.0)
658:(0.7)
465:Month
293:) aka
291:Гъумук
275:Kumukh
167:
152:Russia
149:
89:Kumukh
59:Kumukh
26:Гъумук
23:Kumukh
1257:Shuni
1247:Shara
1232:Mukar
1217:Kurla
1207:Kundy
1182:Kukni
1177:Kubra
1157:Khuri
1152:Khuna
1122:Guymi
504:Year
378:Lakia
283:Кумух
236:UTC+4
215:UTC+3
204:2,483
1267:Ubra
1192:Kuma
1172:Kuba
1137:Kara
637:−5.5
632:−1.0
617:11.7
612:12.0
592:−4.1
587:−7.5
582:−8.5
572:10.9
557:12.4
552:18.1
547:21.6
542:22.7
537:19.6
532:15.7
527:10.8
517:−0.4
512:−0.9
501:Dec
498:Nov
495:Oct
492:Sep
489:Aug
486:Jul
483:Jun
480:May
477:Apr
474:Mar
471:Feb
468:Jan
318:Laks
1277:Uri
1060:in
716:649
681:104
642:2.0
627:3.1
622:7.4
607:9.2
602:6.1
597:0.7
567:1.7
562:6.2
522:3.6
453:).
451:Dfb
301:in
287:Lak
266:.ru
262:www
240:MSD
229:DST
219:MSK
1303::
711:18
706:35
701:51
696:63
691:66
686:73
676:97
671:60
666:38
661:26
656:18
392:.
352:.
325:.
309:.
289::
285:;
281::
1050:e
1043:t
1036:v
1017:.
984:.
754:.
446:(
277:(
242:)
238:(
231:)
221:)
217:(
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