718:
50:
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589:
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Then came
Kshemankara, after the lapse of a long long time. In his time animals began to be troublesome. Hitherto the feeding-trees had supplied men and animals with enough food; but now the conditions were changing, and every one had to look for himself. The distinction of domestic and wild animals
747:
disappeared and the sun and the moon became visible, the people, who saw them for the first time, were alarmed. It was
Pratisruti who understood the cause of their appearance by his superior wisdom. He explained to them that the light of the trees had been too powerful thus far to enable the sun and
851:
The tenth manu was Abhi
Chandra, in whose time the old order of things underwent still further changes. The people now lived to play with their children; they also began to give them useful instruction. Because Abhi Chandra was the first to play with his children in moonlight he came to be known as
826:
Chakshusmana then appeared after the lapse of another long period of time. In his time the old order of bhogabhumi was so far changed that the parents did not die at the birth of their progeny. Some people were astonished at this and enquired the cause of the change from
Chakshusmana, which he
809:
Seemandhara was the next in order to appear. The quarrels had become more intense by his time over the disappearing kal'pa vrikshas (trees). He laid the foundation of individual ownership over the trees, and he also set marks on them.
818:
Vimalabahana was the seventh manu. He taught men how to utilise the services of domestic animals, and invented the tethering rope, the bridle and the like to keep them under control.
677:
777:
Kshemandhara was the fourth manu who followed
Kshemankara after a long interval of time. He is said to have devised weapons of wood and stone to drive away wild animals.
860:
The eleventh manu was
Chandrabha, in whose time children came to be looked after better. His guidance was also very beneficial for mankind in certain other ways.
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the moon to be seen but now that that illumination had paled they became visible. The division of day and night dates from his time.
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664:(wish-fulfilling trees) started declining. The number of the sages who thus appeared is said to be fourteen, the last of whom was
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760:. In his time the light of the trees had faded into insignificance, and even the stars became visible in the sky.
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644:) refers to the wise men who teach people how to perform the laborious activities for survival. According to
884:(the amnion or membrane in which a child is born). Before his time children were not wrapped in a membrane.
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705:(wishing trees) used to provide them with necessary food, light and other necessities of life). The age of
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was a primitive one, when arts and sciences were not known, and crime and punishment were in infancy.
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1973:
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658:(present descending half-cycle of cosmic age) was nearing its end, felicities due to ten type of
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2010:
1955:
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17:
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1978:
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914:). According to Jain texts, thick rain cloud began to gather in the sky freely in his time.
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was
Pratisruti. When the trees that shed strong light around them, in the state of the
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The twelfth manu was Marud Deva. He is said to have taught the art of navigation.
843:, he taught the men how to regard their children as their own, and to bless them.
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Acarya
Samantabhadra's Svayambhustotra: Adoration of The Twenty-four Tirthankara
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880:. According to Jain texts, in his time children came to be born with
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acknowledge a set of first law-givers who flourished in the present
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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910:Nabhi taught the men how to cut the navel chord (
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699:, when beings were born as twins and when the
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852:Abhi Chandra (chandra signifying the moon).
1284:
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793:(wish-fulfilling trees). He was called
789:. In his time, quarrels arose over the
14:
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1265:
1245:Jaina-rūpa-maṇḍana: Jaina iconography
1159:Risabha Deva - The Founder of Jainism
712:
1182:
946:
902:was Nabhi Rai. He was the father of
1207:
1106:
1038:
24:
695:age (in the third division called
25:
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1292:
1221:Jainism: The World of Conquerors
1168:
801:(boundaries) of proprietorship.
587:
48:
1127:
846:
821:
813:
772:
769:dates from Kshemankara's time.
2390:List of Digambar Jain ascetics
804:
763:
13:
1:
1189:, Dehradun: Vikalp Printers,
917:
871:
863:
855:
780:
734:
1166:: The Indian Press Limited,
922:
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876:Prasenajit was the thirteen
830:
7:
1475:
797:, because he had fixed the
429:Uttaradhyayana (Śvetāmbara)
205:Aparigraha (non-possession)
10:
2496:
1146:
891:
751:
670:, the father of the first
415:Dravyasamgraha (Digambara)
394:Pravachanasara (Digambara)
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2189:
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2001:
1994:
1946:
1870:
1834:
1784:
1711:
1626:
1572:
1517:
1508:
1332:
1304:
1242:Shah, Umakant P. (1987),
1208:Lālavānī, Gaṇeśa (1991),
721:Image depicting the last
1248:, Abhinav Publications,
1218:Shah, Natubhai (2004) ,
725:, Nabhirai and his wife
569:Parasparopagraho Jivanam
422:Kalpa Sūtra (Śvetāmbara)
212:Anuvratas (further vows)
2354:Jain terms and concepts
1974:Digambar Jain Mahasabha
1183:Jain, Vijay K. (2015),
756:Sanmati was the second
683:
178:Mahavratas (major vows)
731:
476:Mahavir Janma Kalyanak
387:Samayasāra (Digambara)
200:Brahmacarya (chastity)
2385:List of Jain ascetics
2190:Dynasties and empires
1979:Vishwa Jain Sangathan
1122:Champat Rai Jain 1929
1095:Champat Rai Jain 1929
1051:Champat Rai Jain 1929
1027:Champat Rai Jain 1929
1008:Champat Rai Jain 1929
971:Champat Rai Jain 1929
935:Champat Rai Jain 1929
835:Yasasvana, the ninth
720:
195:Asteya (non-stealing)
185:Ahiṃsā (non-violence)
2380:List of Jain temples
1203:on 16 September 2015
959:Umakant P. Shah 1987
354:Schools and Branches
2461:Religion portal
2395:Topics List (index)
1686:Mahamastakabhisheka
1226:Motilal Banarsidass
1139:, 1999, p. 199
594:Religion portal
284:The 24 Tirthankaras
2359:Sexual differences
1076:Natubhai Shah 2004
996:Natubhai Shah 2004
785:The next manu was
732:
713:Fourteen Kulakaras
401:Agama (Śvetāmbara)
2467:
2466:
2149:
2148:
1928:Hampa Nagarajaiah
1821:Auspicious dreams
1749:Bhaktamara Stotra
1622:
1621:
1235:978-81-208-1938-2
1196:978-81-903639-7-6
1154:Jain, Champat Rai
648:, when the third
630:
629:
249:Micchami Dukkadam
244:Bhaktamara Stotra
173:Ethics of Jainism
16:(Redirected from
2487:
2459:
2458:
2421:Monks & nuns
2318:Statue of Ahimsa
2275:Pañca-Parameṣṭhi
1999:
1998:
1913:Champat Rai Jain
1756:Tattvartha Sutra
1515:
1514:
1478:
1296:
1286:
1279:
1272:
1263:
1262:
1258:
1238:
1214:
1204:
1199:, archived from
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1125:
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1110:
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1098:
1092:
1079:
1073:
1054:
1053:, p. 53-54.
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999:
993:
974:
968:
962:
956:
950:
944:
938:
937:, p. 36-37.
932:
898:The last of the
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615:
608:
592:
591:
529:Shravanabelagola
436:Cīvaka Cintāmaṇi
408:Tattvartha Sutra
52:
29:
28:
21:
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2469:
2468:
2463:
2453:
2447:
2399:
2363:
2312:Panch Kalyanaka
2246:
2185:
2181:Non-creationism
2145:
2079:
1990:
1942:
1923:Jeffery D. Long
1918:Padmanabh Jaini
1903:Virchand Gandhi
1883:Colette Caillat
1866:
1830:
1780:
1707:
1618:
1568:
1504:
1391:Heavenly beings
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1300:
1290:
1256:
1236:
1224:, vol. I,
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994:
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953:
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920:
896:
890:
874:
866:
858:
849:
839:. According to
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807:
783:
775:
766:
754:
737:
715:
686:
652:(epoch) of the
626:
586:
579:
578:
544:
543:
534:
533:
501:
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491:
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466:
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456:
455:
381:
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378:Jain literature
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368:
351:
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279:
278:
269:
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259:Ṇamōkāra mantra
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89:
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5:
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2136:Southeast Asia
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1970:Organisations
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1938:Jinendra Varni
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1908:Hermann Jacobi
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1842:Digambara monk
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1776:Uttaradhyayana
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1744:Namokar Mantra
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1731:Shatkhandagama
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1726:Pravachanasara
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1537:Kashtha Sangha
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1532:Balatkara Gana
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1376:Jain cosmology
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1298:Jainism topics
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963:
951:
949:, p. 7-8.
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892:Main article:
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697:susama-duhsama
685:
682:
646:Jain Cosmology
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443:Silappatikaram
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2375:List of Jains
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2300:Jain calendar
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1656:Vegetarianism
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1175:public domain
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277:Major figures
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31:
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27:
19:
2316:
2295:Samavasarana
2285:Śalākāpuruṣa
1893:John E. Cort
1804:Ashtamangala
1799:Siddhachakra
1736:Kasayapahuda
1703:Pratikramana
1611:Sthānakavāsī
1369:Anekāntavāda
1365:Jaina logic
1359:Kevala Jñāna
1354:Epistemology
1244:
1220:
1210:
1201:the original
1185:
1167:
1158:
1136:Jain Journal
1135:
1129:
1102:
1046:
1034:
1003:
966:
954:
942:
930:
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907:
899:
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867:
859:
850:
847:Abhi Chandra
836:
834:
825:
822:Chakshusmana
817:
814:Vimalabahana
808:
798:
794:
790:
786:
784:
776:
773:Kshemandhara
767:
757:
755:
744:
740:
738:
726:
722:
706:
702:Kalpavriksha
700:
696:
692:
687:
671:
665:
661:Kalpavriksha
659:
653:
649:
641:
637:
631:
564:Jain symbols
448:
441:
434:
427:
420:
413:
406:
399:
392:
385:
303:
264:Jai Jinendra
237:Jain prayers
211:
177:
125:Kevala Jnana
95:Anekantavada
26:
2480:Jain saints
2237:Rashtrakuta
2154:Jainism and
2053:Maharashtra
2011:Bundelkhand
1898:Paul Dundas
1771:Kalpa Sūtra
1766:Aptamimamsa
1651:Monasticism
1582:Murtipujaka
1564:Kanji Panth
1544:Taran Panth
1527:Mula Sangha
1381:Siddhashila
1314:Tirthankara
1211:Jainthology
827:explained.
805:Seemandhara
791:kalpa trees
764:Kshemankara
673:tirthankara
574:Topics list
499:Pilgrimages
450:Valayapathi
349:Major sects
336:Yashovijaya
140:Brahmacarya
2416:Literature
2305:Samvatsari
2070:Tamil Nadu
1995:Jainism in
1814:Nandavarta
1761:Samayasāra
1713:Literature
1681:Kshamavani
1676:Paryushana
1639:Meditation
1634:Sallekhana
1574:Śvetāmbara
1495:Ratnatraya
1415:Gunasthana
1334:Philosophy
918:References
872:Prasenajit
864:Marud deva
856:Chandrabha
841:Jain texts
795:Seemankara
787:Seemankara
781:Seemankara
745:bhogabhumi
739:The first
735:Pratisruti
693:Avasarpini
655:avasarpani
486:Samvatsari
481:Paryushana
364:Śvetāmbara
331:Haribhadra
321:Siddhasena
316:Kundakunda
224:Sallekhana
150:Gunasthana
145:Aparigraha
87:Philosophy
2334:Sculpture
2270:Ekendriya
2131:Singapore
2116:Hong Kong
2096:Australia
2065:Rajasthan
2036:Karnataka
1948:Community
1933:Bal Patil
1888:Chandabai
1857:Pattavali
1809:Shrivatsa
1794:Jain flag
1671:Festivals
1627:Practices
1615:Terapanth
1602:Tristutik
1592:Kharatara
1554:Terapanth
1549:Bispanthi
1519:Digambara
1342:Five Vows
1319:Ganadhara
1164:Allahabad
947:Jain 2015
923:Citations
900:kulakaras
888:Nabhi rai
831:Yasasvana
559:Jain flag
549:Ekendriya
524:Shikharji
464:Festivals
359:Digambara
311:Ganadhara
100:Cosmology
2474:Category
2426:Scholars
2404:Navboxes
2263:Timeline
2212:Ikshvaku
2197:Chalukya
2166:Hinduism
2161:Buddhism
2126:Pakistan
2084:Overseas
1871:Scholars
1852:Kshullak
1835:Ascetics
1826:Swastika
1644:Sāmāyika
1559:Yapaniya
1510:Branches
1156:(1929),
1107:Lal 1991
1039:Lal 1991
878:kulakara
837:kulakara
758:kulakara
741:kulakara
728:Marudevi
723:kulakara
707:Kulakara
667:Nabhirai
638:kulakara
514:Palitana
299:Mahavira
289:Rishabha
219:Sāmāyika
70:Timeline
34:a series
32:Part of
2436:America
2431:Temples
2280:Pratima
2258:History
2251:Related
2242:Santara
2222:Kalinga
2217:Kadamba
2207:Hoysala
2176:Sikhism
2101:Belgium
2031:Haryana
2026:Gujarat
1956:Śrāvaka
1862:Acharya
1786:Symbols
1740:Mantra
1693:Upadhan
1666:Rituals
1661:Fasting
1500:Kashaya
1490:Saṃsāra
1469:Nirjara
1464:Samvara
1435:Pudgala
1324:Arihant
1147:Sources
908:Kulkara
882:prasena
752:Sanmati
689:Jainism
634:Jainism
554:Temples
305:Arihant
155:Saṃsāra
65:History
42:Jainism
2441:Bengal
2349:Nigoda
2324:Temple
2290:Tirtha
2232:Pandya
2227:Maurya
2111:Europe
2106:Canada
2091:Africa
2058:Mumbai
2048:Kerala
1847:Aryika
1587:Gaccha
1459:Bandha
1454:Asrava
1449:Tattva
1440:Dharma
1420:Dravya
1408:Causes
1386:Naraka
1347:Ahimsa
1252:
1232:
1193:
799:seemas
678:ऋषभदेव
640:(also
519:Girnar
471:Diwali
294:Pārśva
168:Ethics
135:Tattva
130:Dravya
115:Dharma
105:Ahimsa
18:Kulkar
2368:Lists
2329:Stupa
2202:Ganga
2171:Islam
2121:Japan
2041:North
2016:Delhi
2003:India
1984:JAINA
1966:Tamil
1961:Sarak
1721:Agama
1698:Tapas
1485:Death
1476:Mokṣa
1430:Ajiva
1403:Types
1398:Karma
912:nabhi
894:Nabhi
542:Other
504:Tirth
120:Mokṣa
110:Karma
75:Index
60:Jains
2411:Gods
1597:Tapa
1425:Jīva
1306:Gods
1250:ISBN
1230:ISBN
1191:ISBN
684:Role
642:manu
2344:Law
2339:Art
2021:Goa
650:ara
632:In
509:Abu
2476::
1228:,
1162:,
1114:^
1083:^
1058:^
1015:^
978:^
906:.
680:.
676:,
636:,
36:on
1285:e
1278:t
1271:v
1177:.
621:e
614:t
607:v
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
