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period and according to the Soviet rules suitable for only six inmates would actually hold more than 20 inmates. They took turns to sleep on the three-level bunk bed and on the floor. Detention for months or even years in those conditions, often manipulated by the investigators, was often a method to press the suspects. In 1983 the prison was deemed unsuitable for women and minors.
361:: "Your Majesty, I have built the prison for you"; "No, you have built it for yourself", supposedly answered the Tsar. The legend continues that besides the 999 official prison cells there is a secret cell number 1000 that still holds the dead body of Tomishko, while his ghost haunts the prison. The legend is almost certainly false. There are only 960 cells in the prison.
982:..А если когда-нибудь в этой стране// Воздвигнуть задумают памятник мне,// Согласье на это даю торжество,// Но только с условьем: не ставить его// Ни около моря, где я родилась// (Последняя с морем разорвана связь),// Ни в царском саду у заветного пня,// Где тень безутешная ищет меня,// А здесь, где стояла я триста часов// И где для меня не открыли засов..
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moved to the new building, the remains of the old building were demolished and construction continued. The prison was one of the first buildings in Russia that used electric lighting, effective ventilation and central heating. In the center of one of the cross-shaped buildings
Tomishko installed a monument to English philanthropist and prison reformer
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Construction started in 1884 and continued until 1890. It was performed by the inmates of the prison who were kept on the site: a part of the old prison was demolished, then the detainees built the new one while continuing to live in the remaining parts of the old building. Then the prisoners were
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In 1964 the prison became a facility used mostly for pre-trial detentions. It was greatly overcrowded: in the mid-1990s the prison held more than 12,500 inmates, more than ten times the design capacity (1,150 inmates). Often a cell originally designed for solitary confinement during the
Tsarist
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the need for prison space greatly increased. Before the reforms, serfs were incarcerated by their landowners. After the reforms they were put in state prisons. In 1867 the wine warehouse was transformed into a 700-bed prison, separated into female and male areas. The reconstruction of the wine
817:
The new remand prison, Kresty 2, was completed in 2017 in
Kolpino, a suburb located 20 miles outside of St. Petersburg. It was constructed at a cost of $ 378 million. It is built like a small town, containing all the necessary infrastructure: residential quarters, religious buildings, sports
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on the outskirts of Saint
Petersburg. After the relocation is complete the Kresty building will be sold at auction. It is anticipated that the prison building will be transferred into a hotel-entertainment complex. The available options are limited as the prison is considered a protected
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with pretty women's faces as seen from the residential houses on the embankment and bare skulls as seen from the prison's side of the river. There is a stylized window with prison bars between the sphinxes. On the granite base of the monument there are inscriptions with quotes from
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to storm Kresty. They stormed the prison from both sides, freed the inmates, and burnt all the prison paperwork in the courtyard. The prime objectives of the
Bolsheviks were: 1. To destroy the police records of Bolshevik comrades 2. To deliberately emulate the
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during the French
Revolution. In releasing all the prisoners, a large minority of political prisoners (Bolsheviks, Social Revolutionaries, and trade unionists) were released, along with thieves, debtors, murderers and others, without discrimination.
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In
Imperial Russia the prison was officially called Saint Petersburg Prison for Solitary Confinement. It was used for the detention of both common criminals and political prisoners. Among the inmates were: the future Prime Minister of the
329:
Tomishko designed a prison consisting of two five-storey cross-shaped buildings. The shape of the buildings allowed observation of all the corridors from a single point and also had religious significance, encouraging
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The judicial reforms of the 1990s made long pre-trial detentions available only with approval of the courts. Currently no more than six inmates can be held in a cell originally designed for solitary confinement.
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of the Soviet Army or transferred to the
Eastern regions of Russia. The prison was used for detaining those involved in stealing of food or ration cards, and later for German
501:, the prison overflowed with inmates accused of state crimes. Cells designed for solitary confinement often held 15–20 inmates or more. Among the inmates were: painter
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After the
February Revolution, Kresty became a place of imprisonment for the ministers of the Tsarist government and prominent police officers. After the
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system that recommended building prisons in the shape of a star with many rays coming from a single observation point. The system was also known as the
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church on top of an administrative building. There was a prison hospital, a ward for infectious diseases, a morgue, an ice-room and a blacksmith.
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In 1993 a museum was opened inside the prison devoted to the history of the prison, famous inmates and unusual objects found on the detainees.
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Investigative
Isolator No. 1 of the Administration of the Federal Service for the Execution of Punishments for the city of Saint Petersburg
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In 20 years the prison became too small for the city. The project for the new city prison was developed by Antony Tomishko, a citizen of
490:. In 1923 the prison became the Petrograd District Isolation Prison (Петроградская Окружная Изоляционная Тюрьма), part of the Petrograd
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In 1920 the prison was renamed as the Second Special Camp for Involuntary Labor. It was administered by the Petrograd
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by Galina Dodonova was erected across the Neva River opposite the prison according to her will in her poem
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Kresty was closed and in 2017 the inmates were relocated to a modern prison facility named Kresty-2.
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warehouse was developed by Vladislav Lvov, the chairman of the Saint Petersburg Prison Committee.
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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facilities, a hospital, workshops, and a hotel for relatives and visitors.
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among the inmates. The crosses were joined together by a massive five
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from Leningrad were held there during the investigations and trials.
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prison, with three blocks joining a single tower. He appreciated the
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architectural landmark and only very limited redesign is possible.
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The history of the prison starts in the 1730s. During the reign of
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and other places. Tomishko studied the organization of prisons in
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The prison was mostly used for common criminals, but many
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Her wish was fulfilled half a century after her death.
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Not in the tsar’s garden near that tree-stump, blessed,
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But here, where three hundred long hours I stood for
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and many others. The prison features prominently in
970:"Памятник Ахматовой поставили напротив "Крестов""
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550:Not near the sea, where I once have been born –
943:"Kresty Prison Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia"
560:And where was not opened for me the hard door.
552:All my warm connections with it had been torn,
548:But with one condition – they have to place it
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412:had to spend three months in Kresty Prison.
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640:was installed on the embankment across the
556:Where I am looked for by the doleful shade,
546:I give my permission for such good a feast,
544:They'd think of the raising up my monument,
1021:Reflections on the world’s largest prison
757:, serial killer and former police officer
751:, White supremacist, criminal and athlete
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419:27 February] 1917, during the
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1000:"Russian Limbo: Kresty Prison | CEPA"
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415:On the evening of 12 March [
282:and a staff architect of the Russian
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696:In December 2006 a monument to poet
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1087:Defunct prisons in Russia
1058:Kresty (Saint Petersburg)
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425:Finlyandsky Rail Terminal
394:Vladimir Antonov-Ovseenko
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1039:- RBTH, November 4, 2014
463:Minister of the Interior
434:Storming of the Bastille
280:Russian Academy of Arts
683:Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
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526:Konstantin Rokossovsky
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710:Other notable inmates
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377:, the founder of the
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1025:Carceral Archipelago
761:Alexander Yebralidze
592:penal military units
477:Vladimir Sukhomlinov
441:After the Revolution
294:originally built in
239:was held. After the
19:For other uses, see
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802:President of Russia
779:Vladimir Dolgopolov
421:February Revolution
408:who had signed the
402:Anatoly Lunacharsky
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507:Nikolay Zabolotsky
447:October Revolution
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375:Alexander Kerensky
298:and reproduced in
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497:During the
348:John Howard
336:onion domed
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60:Coordinates
1081:Categories
1006:2021-03-05
822:References
718:, neo-Nazi
642:Neva River
338:red brick
324:Panopticon
300:Vesyegonsk
174:March 2021
140:Managed by
73:30°21′52″E
70:59°57′13″N
569:sharashka
521:, future
386:Bolshevik
308:Tsaritsyn
924:Archived
896:Archived
838:Archived
813:Kresty 2
763:, tycoon
646:sphinxes
636:made by
532:'s poem
517:, actor
494:system.
488:Ispolkom
326:system.
116:Capacity
45:Location
987:Requiem
792:Closure
703:Requiem
579:during
535:Requiem
505:, poet
332:penance
312:Germany
198:Crosses
190:Russian
164:updated
989:, 1937
835:Kresty
316:Moabit
304:Vyazma
292:Prison
288:Model
214:Russia
194:Кресты
186:Kresty
132:Closed
124:Opened
101:Closed
98:Status
53:Russia
21:Kresty
492:Cheka
290:Uyezd
127:1730s
119:1,150
689:and
596:POWs
417:O.S.
392:and
135:2017
1023:in
208:in
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