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1042:, and marine lieutenant Fowler visited Forsaken island, having mistaken the singing of locusts for the sound of running water. The boat glided over crystal clear water, over an extensive and highly beautiful submarine garden. Corals of every shape and hue were there, some resembling sunflowers and mushrooms, others cabbages from 1 to 36 inches (3 to 91 cm) in diameter, while a third type bore a striking likeness to the rose. The hillsides were typical of tropical climate; large flocks of parrots, monkeys in great variety, wild-mango and orange groves—a superb scene of plants and flowers of every description, glowing in vivid tints of purple, red, blue, brown, and green—but not water or provisions.
2383:(On the subject of the rocks which composed the cones of Danan and Perboewatan, we possess only very little data. In the month of July 1880, I collected only samples of the flow of lava which, at the northern extremity of Perboewatan, were thrown into the sea. This flow still did not present any trace of degradation by atmopheric agents and was therefore entirely bare, thus contrasting with all of the rest of the island of Krakatau, which was covered by a thin layer of vegetation; this fact denotes the relatively young age of the lava in question and permits one to suppose that it dates from the eruption of 1680.)
214:
507:(which is Indonesian for "Child of Krakatoa"). Periodic eruptions have continued since, with recent eruptions in 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2012, and a major collapse in 2018. In late 2011, this island had a radius of roughly 2 kilometres (1.2 mi), and a highest point of about 324 metres (1,063 ft) above sea level, growing five metres (16 ft) each year. In 2017, the height of Anak Krakatau was reported as over 400 m (1,300 ft) above sea level; following a collapse in December 2018, the height was reduced to 110 meters (361 ft).
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1138:, volcanic ashes, and tsunamis had disastrous results in the region and worldwide. The death toll recorded by the Dutch authorities was 36,417, although some sources put the estimate at more than 120,000. There are numerous documented reports of groups of human skeletons floating across the Indian Ocean on rafts of volcanic pumice and washing up on the east coast of Africa up to a year after the eruption. Summer temperatures in the northern hemisphere fell by an average of 0.4 °C (0.72 °F) in the year following the eruption.
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53:
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recolonized the islands, however; Verbeek's visit in
October 1884 found grass shoots already growing. The eastern side of the island has been extensively vegetated by trees and shrubs, presumably brought there as seeds washed up by ocean currents or carried in birds' droppings (or brought by natives and scientific investigators). However, the floral ecosystem on Rakata is considerably vulnerable to environmental factors, and has been damaged by recent eruptions at Anak Krakatau.
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heavy rain and storms took place, but not only did not this heavy rain extinguish the eruption of the fire of the mountain Kapi, but augmented the fire; the noise was fearful, at last the mountain Kapi with a tremendous roar burst into pieces and sank into the deepest of the earth. The water of the sea rose and inundated the land, the country to the east of the mountain
Batuwara, to the mountain
885:...I saw with amazement that the island of Krakatoa, on my first trip to Sumatra completely green and healthy with trees, lay completely burnt and barren in front of our eyes and that at four locations was throwing up large chunks of fire. And when I asked the ship's Captain when the aforementioned island had erupted, he told me that this had happened in May 1680 ... He showed me a piece of
764:) formed and eventually joined with Rakata, forming the main island of Krakatoa. At the time of the 1883 eruption, the Krakatoa group comprised Lang, Verlaten, and Krakatoa itself, an island 9 km (5.6 mi) long by 5 km (3.1 mi) wide. There were also the tree-covered islet near Lang (Poolsche Hoed) and several small rocky islets or banks between Krakatoa and Verlaten.
905:), uninhabited, ... and then still north of the island of Krakatou, which erupted about a year ago and also is uninhabited. The rising smoke column of this island can be seen from miles away; we were with our ship very close to shore and we could see the trees sticking out high on the mountain, and which looked completely burned, but we could not see the fire itself.
1183:. The would-be assassin was never captured, but a similarly-dressed man attacked a sentry at the garrison six weeks later, blaming the Dutch for bringing divine vengeance upon the area. The "extreme religious zeal" noted by the man's interrogators seen as widespread, and historians suggest it was exploited by rising Muslim conservatives and
1038:. It was found difficult to land anywhere, due to a heavy surf and to the coral having extended itself to a considerable distance from the shore. Hot springs boiling furiously up, through many fathoms of water, were found on the eastern side of Krakatoa, 150 feet (46 m) from the shore. Roberts, Captain
1277:". Handl found un-burned wood below the 1883 ash deposits while digging, and fresh water was found below 5.5 metres (18 ft). He and his entourage stayed there for four years, but left due to "violation of the terms of the lease." It is his party that is believed to have inadvertently introduced the
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A thundering sound was heard from the mountain
Batuwara which was answered by a similar noise from Kapi, lying westward of the modern Bantam . A great glowing fire, which reached the sky, came out of the last-named mountain; the whole world was greatly shaken and violent thundering, accompanied by
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in the area of
Perboewatan showed evidence of eruptions (an earlier event in the same area had been reported in June 1927). A new island volcano rose above the waterline a few days later. The eruptions were initially of pumice and ash, and that island and the two islands that followed were quickly
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The eruption was also reported by a
Bengali sea captain, who wrote of the event later, but had not recorded it at the time in the ship's log. Neither Vogel nor Hesse mention Krakatoa in any real detail in their other passages, and no other travellers at the time mention an eruption or evidence of
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refers to the question of whether the islands were completely sterilized by the 1883 eruption or whether some indigenous life survived. When the first researchers reached the islands in May 1884, the only living thing they found was a spider in a crevice on the south side of Rakata. Life quickly
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collector", obtained a permit to mine pumice, against "strong community objections", apparently to get away from World War I. His lease of 8.7 square kilometres (3.4 sq mi) (basically the eastern half of the island) was to be for 30 years. Handl took up residence on the south coast of
1131:, and three times travelling back to the volcano; the wave rounded the globe three and a half times. Ash was propelled to a height of 80 km (260,000 ft). It was reported that the sound of the eruption was so loud that anyone within 16 kilometres (10 mi) would have gone deaf.
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813:, was inundated by the sea; the inhabitants of the northern part of the Sunda country to the mountain Rajabasa were drowned and swept away with all property ... The water subsided but the land on which Kapi stood became sea, and Java and Sumatra were divided into two parts.
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takes place on
Krakatoa, just before and then during the 1883 eruption. In Pene du Bois's tale, 25 families have established a fanciful colony drawing vast wealth from fictional diamond mines on the island until the eruption scatters the inhabitants and destroys the mines.
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does not draw on primary sources for its description of this event, and its historical reliability is highly dubious. It is therefore impossible to verify its description of this eruption. There is no geological evidence presented that substantiates this eruption.
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The islands had been little studied or biologically surveyed before the 1883 catastrophe—only two pre-1883 biological collections are known: one of plant specimens and the other part of a shell collection. From descriptions and drawings made by
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made an official survey of the islands, but was allowed to spend only a few hours there. He was able to collect samples from several places, and his investigation later proved important in judging the geological impact of the 1883 eruption.
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While seismic activity around the volcano was intense in the years preceding the cataclysmic 1883 eruption, a series of lesser eruptions began on 20 May 1883. The volcano released huge plumes of steam and ash lasting until late August.
716:. A majority of these volcanoes lie along Indonesia's two largest islands, Java and Sumatra. These two islands are separated by the Sunda Strait located at a bend in the axis of the island arc. Krakatau is directly above the
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Verbeek, in his report on the eruption, predicted that any new activity would manifest itself in the region which had been between
Perboewatan and Danan. This prediction came true on 29 December 1927, when a submarine
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eroded away by the sea. Eventually, a fourth island, named Anak
Krakatau (meaning "child of Krakatoa" in Indonesian), broke water in August 1930 and produced lava flows more quickly than the waves could erode them.
968:, stopped for a few days on Krakatoa. They found a freshwater and a hot spring on the island. They described the natives who then lived on the island as "friendly" and made several sketches (In his journal,
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was established at an unspecified location, which was in operation for about a decade. By the 1880s, the islands were without permanent inhabitants; the nearest settlement was the nearby island of
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were made, and the islands were little explored or studied. An 1854 map of the islands was used in an
English chart, which shows some difference from a Dutch chart made in 1874. In July 1880,
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2077:"The perils of hybridity in 19th-century Java: Ronggawarsita's reputation, animated debates in Bramartani, and the probable origins of Javanese acrostics; with a postscript on Purwalĕlana"
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Note: Historians Van den Berg and
Verbeek both conclude that Vogel must have exaggerated the extent of the eruption he saw. Even so, there must have been an eruption around this time.
523:, f. 27v). Although there are earlier descriptions in European sources of an island in the Sunda Strait with a "pointed mountain," the earliest mention of Krakatoa by name in the
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The most notable eruptions of Krakatoa culminated in a series of massive explosions over 26–27 August 1883, which were among the most violent volcanic events in recorded history.
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ended its run with the episode "Eye Witness," which dramatized the mysterious reporting of Krakatoa's eruption weeks before the news could have reached the newspaper in Boston.
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dynasty, with records of seven eruptive events between the 9th and 16th centuries. These have been tentatively dated as having occurred in 850, 950, 1050, 1150, 1320, and 1530.
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colony, 165 villages and towns were destroyed near Krakatoa, and 132 were seriously damaged. At least 36,417 people died, and many more thousands were injured, mostly from the
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In 1620, the Dutch set up a naval station on the islands and somewhat later a shipyard was built. Sometime in the late 17th century, an attempt was made to establish a
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On October 2, 1883, five weeks after the eruption, a Dutch soldier was repeatedly stabbed by a bearded, white-robed man while paying for tobacco in the small town of
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On 27 August, a series of four huge explosions almost destroyed the island. The explosions were so violent that they were heard 3,110 km (1,930 mi) away in
2112:
Madden-Nadeau, A.L.; Cassidy, M.; Pyle, D.M.; Mather, T.A.; Watt, S.F.L.; Engwell, S.L.; Abdurrachman, M.; Nurshal, M.E.M.; Tappin, D.R.; Ismail, T. (1 March 2021).
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In 1880, Verbeek investigated a fresh unweathered lava flow at the northern coast of Perboewatan, which he claimed could not have been more than two centuries old.
519:, which was probably written in western Java in the late 15th century. Here Krakatoa is referred to as "the island of Rakata, a mountain in the middle of the sea" (
419:, or "Child of Krakatoa", emerged from the caldera formed in 1883. There has been new eruptive activity since the late 20th century, with a large collapse causing
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around the world. Several barographs recorded the wave seven times over the course of five days: four times with the wave travelling away from the volcano to its
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The explosion was the first natural disaster in history whose effects were definitively felt worldwide and whose cause was known, following the development of
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was the result of a linguistic error. According to the legend, a visiting ship's captain asked a local inhabitant the island's name, and the latter replied, "
930:, "The Burning Island," writing that "it was a depiction, without a doubt, of the otherwise little-chronicled eruption that supposedly took place in 1680."
664:/Betawinese slang phrase meaning "I don't know". This story is largely discounted; it closely resembles other linguistic myths about the origin of the word
622:) which used to inhabit the island. However, Van den Berg points out that these birds are found only in the "eastern part of the archipelago" (meaning the
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and the Indo-Australian Plate where the plate boundaries make a sharp change of direction, possibly resulting in an unusually weak crust in the region.
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The 1883 eruption ejected approximately 25 km (6 cubic miles) of rock. The cataclysmic explosion was heard 3,600 km (2,200 mi) away in
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points out that in pre-1883 maps, Krakatoa does somewhat resemble an ant seen from above, with Lang and Verlaten lying to the sides like wings.
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Vogel spent several months in Batavia, returning to Sumatra in November 1681. On the same ship were several other Dutch travellers, including
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Bani, Philipson; Normier, Adrien; Bacri, Clémentine; Allard, Patrick; Gunawan, Hendra; Hendrasto, Muhammad; Surono; Tsanev, Vitchko (2015),
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2250:"Abstract: NO EVIDENCE FOR EXPLOSIVITY OF A CIRCA 535AD ERUPTION OF KRAKATAU VOLCANO (2004 Denver Annual Meeting (November 7–10, 2004))"
2114:"The magmatic and eruptive evolution of the 1883 caldera-forming eruption of Krakatau: Integrating field- to crystal-scale observations"
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Embassy to the Eastern courts of Cochin-China, Siam, and Muscat : in the U. S. sloop-of-war Peacock ... during the years 1832–3–4
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Evolution of the Krakatoa archipelago from 1880 to 2018. Note the continuing growth of Anak Krakatoa ("Child of Krakatoa") after 1927.
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2381:"Au suject des roches qui composaient les cônes Danan et Perboewatan, et permet de supposer qu'elle date de l'eruption de 1680."
826:, Ken Wohletz, and others have postulated that a violent volcanic eruption, possibly of Krakatoa, in 535 was responsible for the
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language. The fact that the earliest recorded mentions of the word closely resemble the pronunciation of these words for crab (
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The peasants' revolt of Banten in 1888 : its conditions, course and sequel. A case study of social movements in Indonesia
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Krakatoa has been featured as a subject and a part of the story in various television and film dramas. In the 1953 film
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Note: The dating of these events is currently unknown. The Sunda Strait was first mentioned by Arab sailors circa 1100.
2365:"Over de gesteenten, waaruit de kegels Danan en Perboewatan bestonden, dat zij van de eruptie van 1680 afkomstig is."
2196:"Planktonic Foram Dates from the Indonesian Arc: Marine 14C Reservoir Ages and a Mythical AD 535 Eruption of Krakatau"
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also released a song about the 1883 eruption of Krakatoa, called "Krakatoa", on the 2010 re-release of its 1985 album
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2377:(in French). Batavia, Dutch East Indies (Jakarta, Indonesia): Imprimerie de l'état (Government Press). p. 171.
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found the island as a friendly place whose vegetation was dense and lush; illustration by John Webber (1751–1793)
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2361:(in Dutch). Batavia, Dutch East Indies (Jakarta, Indonesia): Landsdrukkerij (Government Press). p. 164.
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901:...on the 19th we again lifted anchor and proceeded first to the north of us to the island of Sleepzie (
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Indonesia has over 130 active volcanoes, the most of any nation. They make up the axis of the Indonesian
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800:), a 19th-century compilation of historical traditions from Central Java, records that in the year 338
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This article is about the historic eruptions of the volcano. For the newly formed volcanic island, see
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Rakata, where he built a house and planted a garden along with "four European families and about 30
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1558:, the song tells the story of Krakatoa's eruption and the subsequent return of life to the island.
1497:, Squidward adopts the persona of a superhero named Captain Magma whose catchphrase is "Krakatoa".
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in a re-release in the 1970s; the title contains a rather large geographical error, as Krakatoa is
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Note: Vogel returned to Amsterdam in 1688 and published the first edition of his journal in 1690.
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hidden on Krakatoa, which begins its final eruption as they search the island for the treasure.
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2506:"The explosive volcanic eruption signal in northern hemisphere continental temperature records"
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1940:(who may have typographically swapped the 'a' and 'o' of the Portuguese spelling) interpreting
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In 1914, plans were to set aside Rakata as a nature preserve. In 1916, Johann Handl, a German "
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in 1980. In 1991, "Ujung Kulon National Park and Krakatau Nature Reserve" was inscribed as an
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1532:, the "Krakatoa Variant" is a scenario involving an island composed of three volcano tiles.
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that followed the explosion. The eruption destroyed two-thirds of the island of Krakatoa.
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maintains that the 1680 eruption was depicted in this eighteenth-century Dutch etching.
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in Waghenaer's map) makes this Sanskrit etymology the most likely origin of the word.
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Eruptions in the area since 1927 have built a new island at the same location, named
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2161:"Were the dark ages triggered by volcano-related climate changes in the 6th century"
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The island was a prominent part of the plot of '"Crack of Doom," episode six of the
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in an ecosystem being built from the ground up in an environment virtually cleaned.
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is virtually unknown but was probably typical of the smaller islands in the area.
1208:. Winchester suggests the disaster marks the birth of an era of global awareness.
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one. (In November 1681, a pepper crop was being offered for sale by inhabitants.)
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Two-thirds of the original Krakatoa Island was obliterated by the 1883 eruption.
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Thornton mentions that Krakatoa was known as "The Fire Mountain" during Java's
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One of the earliest mentions of the name Krakatoa is in the Old Sundanese text
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Sullivan, Ryan; Jonasdottir, Hrafnihildur; Santiago, Jessica; Nelson, Emily.
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3080:"First measurement of the volcanic gas output from Anak Krakatau, Indonesia"
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It was also featured as the main part of the story line in the 1969 film,
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United Nations Environment Programme/World Conservation Monitoring Centre
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word for "island"). About two dozen variants have been found, including
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1354: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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Super Volcano: The Ticking Time Bomb Beneath Yellowstone National Park
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Large fan palm in the island; illustration by John Webber (1751–1793)
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1069:(about 12 km or 7.5 mi away) with a population of 3,000.
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2481:. BRANCH: Britain, Representation and Nineteenth-Century History.
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of Java), which depicts an effort to salvage a priceless cargo of
1301:). Along with several other nature reserves, it was proposed as a
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In 2004, an astronomer suggested that the blood-red sky shown in
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ruled out any possibility that an eruption took place in 535 AD.
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appears to have been representative of a typical Javan tropical
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Krakatau: the destruction and reassembly of an island ecosystem
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in 1888, and to prey upon the Dutch conscience made uneasy by
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Southon, John; Mohtadi, Mahyar; Pol-Holz, Ricardo De (2013).
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554:-based spelling). The first known appearance of the spelling
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released a spoken-word track called "Krakatoa" on its album
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2479:"The Eruption of Krakatoa (also known as Krakatau) in 1883"
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Note: This spelling has been attributed to a sub-editor at
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on Krakatoa, but the islands were generally ignored by the
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Note: apparently because it looked like a hat from the sea
1918:
1916:
881:) passed through the Sunda Strait. In his diary he wrote:
408:, is the only remnant of an island mostly destroyed by an
2726:"Ujung Kulon National Park & Krakatau Nature Reserve"
2678:
2676:
2446:(Report). London: Krakatoa Committee of the Royal Society
2301:
2287:(1st ed.). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
1947:
325:
1316:
was officially established in 1992, including Krakatoa.
2696:"Krakatau Nature Reserve and Ujung Kulon National Park"
2400:"Chapter III; Arrival at Crokatoa and Forsaken Islands"
1913:
3077:
2673:
2193:
3002:
Krakatoa: The Day the World Exploded: August 27, 1883
919:
Krakatoa: The Day the World Exploded: August 27, 1883
775:, (450 m or 1,480 ft) near the center; and
328:
319:
316:
295:
286:
283:
3147:
2644:. New York: W.W. Norton & Company. p. 425.
2052:. The Anthropogene. 11 November 2003. Archived from
1578:
1515:
It has been the subject of a 2006 television drama,
767:
There were three volcanic cones on Krakatoa island:
396:) comprising four islands. Two of them are known as
353:
322:
304:
289:
712:system produced by northeastward subduction of the
350:
301:
57:
An 1888 lithograph of the 1883 eruption of Krakatoa
2999:
2280:
1691:
1482:located perilously close to the erupting volcano.
588:meaning "lobster" or "crab". The abbreviated form
2476:
2444:The Eruption of Krakatoa and Subsequent Phenomena
1727:"The Volcano That Shook the World: Krakatoa 1883"
4080:
1812:
1810:
1020:in his journal. A paraphrased account follows:
337:
178:
2570:
2406:. Harper & brothers. Digital images 46–48.
3084:Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
2792:"Krakatoa provided backdrop to Munch's scream"
2667:The Problem of Krakatau, as Seen by a Botanist
2118:Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
1216:The islands have become a major case study of
771:, (820 m or 2,690 ft) to the south;
3133:
2988:Krakatoa documentary and historical materials
2815:"Why the sky was red in Munch's 'The Scream'"
1904:
1807:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1625:Krakatoa documentary and historical materials
487:, 4,780 km (2,970 mi) to the west.
2165:Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union
1535:In 1973, the American progressive rock band
1034:, in search of inhabitants, fresh water and
779:, (120 m or 390 ft) to the north.
2889:
2631:
2437:
2435:
2274:
2272:
2270:
1312:, matching Natural criteria (vii) and (x).
1281:to the island, which quickly proliferated.
3140:
3126:
2994:
2682:
2576:
2464:
2333:
2312:
1953:
1944:reporting on the massive eruption of 1883.
1922:
1652:
1415:A large part of the 1947 children's novel
1030:anchored off the north end, also visiting
748:(also known as Rakata Kecil, or Panjang);
531:, who labelled the island "Pulo Carcata" (
426:
109:
92:
75:
2497:
2088:
1724:
1718:
1370:Learn how and when to remove this message
936:
648:Van den Berg (1884) recites a story that
626:, east of Java, on the other side of the
490:According to the official records of the
2798:. Melbourne. Reuters. 11 December 2003.
2432:
2278:
2267:
2074:
2068:
1689:
1630:List of volcanic eruptions by death toll
1500:An Indonesian martial arts action film,
1403:
1381:
1145:
1098:
853:
699:
3753:Bantimurung – Bulusaraung National Park
3329:Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra
2591:
2503:
2394:
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2370:
2354:
2158:
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1842:
1201:and subsequent revelations of abuses.
1115:, Western Australia, and the island of
1005:
695:
14:
4081:
3062:Krakatoa – The Great Volcanic Eruption
2664:
2658:
2637:
2441:
1211:
3121:
2832:
2821:from the original on 16 November 2010
1855:from the original on 30 December 2018
1319:
897:, a writer. Hesse's journal reports:
869:, a Dutch mining engineer at Salida,
569:is uncertain. The main theories are:
2934:from the original on 1 November 2022
2558:from the original on 3 November 2020
2485:from the original on 7 February 2019
2420:from the original on 23 January 2023
2012:from the original on 5 February 2021
1886:from the original on 2 February 2020
1873:
1785:"How Krakatoa made the biggest bang"
1352:adding citations to reliable sources
1323:
1263:
1250:
27:Volcanic caldera in the Sunda Strait
3758:Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park
3690:Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park
3437:Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park
3209:Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park
2922:"SpongeBob SquarePants - Krakatoa!"
1981:from the original on 19 August 2011
1876:"Indonesian volcano's lost stature"
1874:Amos, Jonathan (29 December 2018).
1824:from the original on 26 August 2011
1725:Hopkinson, Deborah (January 2004).
1255:From a biological perspective, the
727:
688:as the correct name, but says that
521:pulo Rakata gunung ti tengah sagara
107:21.71 km (13.49 mi)
24:
2833:Panek, Richard (8 February 2004).
2817:. CNN. Reuters. 10 December 2003.
2772:from the original on 27 April 2021
2706:from the original on 28 April 2021
2665:Backer, Cornell's Andries (1929).
2598:(in Dutch). Zutphen: W.J. Thieme.
2581:. 's-Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff.
2477:Monique R. Morgan (January 2013).
1843:Donahue, Terry (5 December 2017).
1512:, set the story on the mountain.
756:. Later, at least two more cones (
565:The origin of the Indonesian name
25:
4155:
3788:Rawa Aopa Watumohai National Park
3522:Mount Halimun Salak National Park
3502:Keraton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat
3021:
2964:from the original on 4 March 2016
2802:from the original on 23 June 2011
2504:Bradley, Raymond S. (June 1988).
1795:from the original on 29 July 2018
1206:transoceanic communication cables
1045:
828:global climate changes of 535–536
421:a deadly tsunami in December 2018
4119:Uninhabited islands of Indonesia
4063:Teluk Cenderawasih National Park
3104:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.07.008
2847:from the original on 1 June 2020
2835:"'The Scream,' East of Krakatoa"
2700:Environment & Society Portal
2610:from the original on 6 July 2022
2175:from the original on 1 June 2020
2138:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2021.107176
1905:Noorduyn, J.; Teeuw, A. (2006).
1609:
1595:
1581:
1517:Krakatoa: Volcano of Destruction
1328:
1154:
1088:
993:
977:
960:, on the way home after Captain
752:("Polish Hat"); and the base of
346:
279:
213:
212:
205:
90:813 m (2,667 ft)
73:813 m (2,667 ft)
51:
3037:'s Cascades Volcano Observatory
3035:United States Geological Survey
2980:
2946:
2914:
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2735:. December 1991. Archived from
2718:
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2669:. author, at Weltevreden, Java.
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2187:
2105:
2042:
2033:
2024:
1993:
1959:
1928:
1741:from the original on 4 May 2018
1339:needs additional citations for
1284:
972:calls the island "Cocoterra").
944:In February 1780, the crews of
782:
3991:Taman Werdhi Budaya Art Centre
3773:Kepulauan Togean National Park
2050:"Krakatau version 1.0, Part 2"
1898:
1867:
1845:"The Resurrection Of Krakatau"
1836:
1683:
1635:List of volcanoes in Indonesia
1495:Mermaid Man and Barnacle Boy V
1442:In 1961, the anthology series
877:), on his way to Batavia (now
837:
614:, imitating the noise made by
460:, and four times the yield of
13:
1:
4094:Active volcanoes of Indonesia
3407:Ciletuh-Palabuhanratu Geopark
2897:""Time Tunnel" Crack of Doom"
1640:
1561:The British heavy metal band
1526:In Klaus Teuber's board game
984:In 1780, crew members of HMS
4139:19th-century volcanic events
3886:Gunung Rinjani National Park
3793:Taka Bone Rate National Park
3768:Gandang Dewata National Park
3700:Danau Sentarum National Park
3685:Betung Kerihun National Park
3234:Kerinci Seblat National Park
2766:UNESCO World Heritage Centre
2577:Kartodirjo, Sartono (1966).
1645:
1174:
1141:
916:maintains, in his 2003 book
641:meaning "white-winged ant".
510:
7:
4114:Islands of the Sunda Strait
3841:Bali Safari and Marine Park
3462:Jalesveva Jayamahe Monument
3006:. New York: HarperCollins.
2762:"Ujung Kulon National Park"
2638:Wilson, Edward. O. (1999).
2592:Sandick, R. A. van (1893).
2442:Symons, G. J., ed. (1888).
1574:
1289:Krakatoa was declared as a
684:cites the Indonesian name,
412:which created the caldera.
388:. The caldera is part of a
10:
4160:
3695:Baning Nature Tourist Park
3627:Taman Mini Indonesia Indah
3612:Sukorambi Botanical Garden
3054:San Diego State University
3042:Krakatau, Indonesia (1883)
2867:"Fair Wind to Java (1953)"
1700:. Voyageur Press. p.
1546:Written by then-guitarist
1485:Krakatoa is referenced in
1293:in 1921, corresponding to
1158:
1092:
442:Volcanic Explosivity Index
430:
415:In 1927, a fourth island,
29:
4029:
3816:
3743:
3670:
3662:Ujung Kulon National Park
3512:Meru Betiri National Park
3472:Karimunjawa National Park
3342:
3179:Baiturrahman Grand Mosque
3159:
2628:Winchester, 2003. Chap 6.
2220:10.1017/S0033822200048074
1907:Three Old Sundanese Poems
1693:"The Deadliest Volcanoes"
1314:Ujung Kulon National Park
1095:1883 eruption of Krakatoa
592:also means "crab" in the
468:ever detonated at 50 Mt.
433:1883 eruption of Krakatoa
338:
262:
250:
245:
235:
226:Location within Indonesia
199:
194:
174:
169:
130:
118:
101:
84:
67:
62:
50:
45:
36:Krakatoa (disambiguation)
3783:Lore Lindu National Park
3352:Alas Purwo National Park
3334:Way Kambas National Park
3279:Mentawai Islands Regency
3224:Gunongan Historical Park
3048:16 December 2014 at the
2371:Verbeek, R.D.M. (1886).
2355:Verbeek, R.D.M. (1884).
1971:Global Volcanism Program
1967:"Volcanoes of Indonesia"
1672:Global Volcanism Program
1390:'s famous 1893 painting
1295:IUCN management category
1134:The combined effects of
1059:Dutch East India Company
682:Global Volcanism Program
529:Lucas Janszoon Waghenaer
452:bomb (13 to 16 kt) that
3056:about the 1883 eruption
2595:Leed en lief uit Bantam
2159:Wohletz, K. H. (2000).
2075:Ricklefs, M.C. (2018).
1975:Smithsonian Institution
1690:Breining, Greg (2007).
1677:Smithsonian Institution
1418:The Twenty-One Balloons
1193:Banten Peasant's Revolt
849:
830:. Drilling projects in
678:Smithsonian Institution
479:, and on the island of
427:Historical significance
372:between the islands of
4134:1883 natural disasters
4099:Mountains of Indonesia
3808:Wakatobi National Park
3720:Sabangau National Park
3417:Dieng Volcanic Complex
2279:Thornton, Ian (1997).
1909:. Leiden: KITLV Press.
1851:. Indonesiaexpat.biz.
1791:. London. 3 May 2006.
1762:Cite journal requires
1568:Innocence Is No Excuse
1467:Krakatoa, East of Java
1412:
1401:
1151:
1104:
907:
891:
862:
815:
705:
179:
34:. For other uses, see
4129:Calderas of Indonesia
4048:Lorentz National Park
3803:Trans Studio Makassar
3763:Bunaken National Park
3372:Baluran National Park
2871:Turner Classic Movies
2641:The Diversity of Life
2566:– via Springer.
1542:The Serpent Is Rising
1519:and again in 2008 as
1487:SpongeBob SquarePants
1408:Krakatoa featured in
1407:
1396:depicts the sky over
1385:
1299:strict nature reserve
1149:
1102:
1023:On 8 September 1832,
899:
883:
857:
806:
714:Indo-Australian Plate
703:
527:was on a 1611 map by
431:Further information:
4104:Subduction volcanoes
3906:Komodo National Park
3861:Garuda Wisnu Kencana
3818:Lesser Sunda Islands
3735:The Equator monument
3269:Lumbini Natural Park
3219:East Lampung Regency
3030:Eruption of Krakatau
2398:(12 October 2007) .
2369:French translation:
2090:10.4000/archipel.802
1423:William Pene du Bois
1348:improve this article
1189:Abdul Karim Amrullah
928:Het Brandende Eiland
889:as big as his fist.
867:Johann Wilhelm Vogel
696:Geographical setting
668:and the name of the
464:, the most powerful
454:devastated Hiroshima
394:Krakatoa archipelago
336:), also transcribed
4068:Wasur National Park
3715:Kutai National Park
3642:Tirto Samodra Beach
3492:Keraton Kacirebonan
3189:Bandar Lampung City
3169:Aceh Tsunami Museum
3149:Tourist attractions
3096:2015JVGR..302..237B
3052:– information from
2525:1988ClCh...12..221B
2467:, pp. 154–166.
2336:, pp. 132–133.
2212:2013Radcb..55.1164S
2130:2021JVGR..41107176M
1849:The Indonesia Expat
1491:Squidward Tentacles
1410:100-rupiah banknote
1400:after the eruption.
1310:World Heritage Site
1222:founder populations
1218:island biogeography
1212:Biological research
692:is often employed.
150: /
4109:Submarine calderas
4058:Raja Ampat Islands
4016:Ujung Water Palace
3680:Beras Basah Island
3447:House of Sampoerna
3377:Banyuwangi Regency
2877:on 15 January 2015
2840:The New York Times
2742:on 14 January 2009
2533:10.1007/bf00139431
1529:Seafarers of Catan
1455:television series
1413:
1402:
1320:In popular culture
1152:
1105:
865:In February 1681,
863:
706:
440:With an estimated
63:Highest point
4144:Holocene calderas
4076:
4075:
3607:Sidoarjo mud flow
3487:Keraton Kasepuhan
3299:Pagaruyung Palace
3013:978-0-06-083859-1
2996:Winchester, Simon
2651:978-0-393-31940-8
2002:"Oceanic Mapping"
1711:978-0-7603-2925-2
1504:(1977), starring
1493:. In the episode
1489:by the character
1432:Fair Wind to Java
1380:
1379:
1372:
1264:Handl's occupancy
1251:Botanical studies
1187:leaders (such as
1136:pyroclastic flows
1016:calls the island
732:At some point in
670:Yucatán Peninsula
492:Dutch East Indies
272:
271:
154:6.102°S 105.423°E
16:(Redirected from
4151:
3916:Lake Segara Anak
3637:Thousand Islands
3632:Tangkuban Perahu
3432:Gembira Loka Zoo
3304:Penyengat Island
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1257:Krakatau problem
1191:) to foment the
1078:mariners' charts
1025:US sloop-of-war
997:
981:
914:Simon Winchester
859:Simon Winchester
728:Pre-1883 history
704:The Sunda Strait
456:, Japan, during
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4001:Tanjung Ringgit
3856:Dreamland Beach
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3725:Samboja Lestari
3705:Derawan Islands
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3657:Yogyakarta City
3622:Suramadu Bridge
3557:Patenggang Lake
3497:Keraton Kanoman
3482:Kenjeran Bridge
3467:Jawa Timur Park
3457:Istiqlal Mosque
3442:Heroes Monument
3367:Arjuno-Welirang
3357:Ancol Dreamland
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3194:Barelang Bridge
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1445:One Step Beyond
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1243:. The pre-1883
1214:
1177:
1163:
1157:
1144:
1129:antipodal point
1097:
1091:
1048:
1011:
1001:
998:
989:
982:
942:
852:
840:
785:
730:
718:subduction zone
698:
658:Aku enggak tahu
560:Wouter Schouten
513:
435:
429:
390:volcanic island
349:
345:
315:
282:
278:
231:
230:
229:
228:
227:
224:
223:
222:
221:
217:
184:
159:-6.102; 105.423
158:
156:
152:
149:
144:
141:
139:
137:
136:
108:
91:
74:
58:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4157:
4147:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4074:
4073:
4071:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4039:
4037:
4027:
4026:
4024:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3956:Nusa Lembongan
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3876:Gili Trawangan
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3836:Bali Bird Park
3833:
3828:
3822:
3820:
3814:
3813:
3811:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3749:
3747:
3741:
3740:
3738:
3737:
3732:
3730:Tanjung Puting
3727:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3676:
3674:
3668:
3667:
3665:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3348:
3346:
3340:
3339:
3337:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3319:Samosir Island
3316:
3311:
3309:Pugung Raharjo
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3289:Mursala Island
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3259:Lake Singkarak
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3165:
3163:
3157:
3156:
3145:
3144:
3137:
3130:
3122:
3116:
3115:
3075:
3057:
3038:
3023:
3022:External links
3020:
3019:
3018:
3012:
2982:
2979:
2976:
2975:
2954:"Krakatoa Bay"
2945:
2913:
2888:
2858:
2783:
2753:
2717:
2687:
2672:
2657:
2650:
2630:
2621:
2584:
2569:
2519:(3): 221–243.
2496:
2469:
2457:
2431:
2412:
2387:
2385:
2384:
2379:From p. 171:
2347:
2338:
2326:
2317:
2315:, p. 136.
2300:
2294:978-0674505728
2293:
2266:
2254:gsa.confex.com
2241:
2186:
2151:
2104:
2067:
2056:on 28 May 2010
2041:
2032:
2023:
1992:
1958:
1956:, p. 183.
1946:
1927:
1912:
1897:
1866:
1835:
1806:
1773:
1764:|journal=
1717:
1710:
1682:
1650:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1638:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1621:
1620:
1617:Islands portal
1606:
1592:
1576:
1573:
1378:
1377:
1336:
1334:
1327:
1321:
1318:
1291:nature reserve
1286:
1283:
1265:
1262:
1252:
1249:
1213:
1210:
1176:
1173:
1159:Main article:
1156:
1153:
1143:
1140:
1093:Main article:
1090:
1087:
1082:Rogier Verbeek
1047:
1046:Dutch activity
1044:
1014:Edmund Roberts
1010:
1004:
1003:
1002:
999:
992:
990:
983:
976:
941:
935:
924:Jan van Schley
851:
848:
839:
836:
784:
781:
729:
726:
722:Eurasian Plate
697:
694:
674:
673:
646:
631:
609:
602:Bujangga Manik
517:Bujangga Manik
512:
509:
466:nuclear device
428:
425:
270:
269:
266:
260:
259:
254:
248:
247:
243:
242:
237:
233:
232:
225:
219:
218:
211:
210:
204:
203:
202:
201:
200:
197:
196:
192:
191:
176:
172:
171:
167:
166:
134:
128:
127:
122:
116:
115:
105:
99:
98:
88:
82:
81:
71:
65:
64:
60:
59:
56:
48:
47:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4156:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4086:
4084:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4040:
4038:
4036:
4032:
4028:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3936:Mount Tambora
3934:
3932:
3931:Mount Rinjani
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3823:
3821:
3819:
3815:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3750:
3748:
3746:
3742:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3677:
3675:
3673:
3669:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3562:Palabuhanratu
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3542:Museum Angkut
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3412:Cukang Taneuh
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3402:Cemoro Lawang
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3349:
3347:
3345:
3341:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3274:Maimun Palace
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3254:Lake Maninjau
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3204:Bintan Island
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3184:Bagansiapiapi
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3174:Ampera Bridge
3172:
3170:
3167:
3166:
3164:
3162:
3158:
3154:
3150:
3143:
3138:
3136:
3131:
3129:
3124:
3123:
3120:
3113:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3089:
3085:
3081:
3076:
3073:
3072:Naked Science
3069:
3065:
3063:
3058:
3055:
3051:
3047:
3044:
3043:
3039:
3036:
3032:
3031:
3026:
3025:
3015:
3009:
3004:
3003:
2997:
2993:
2992:
2991:
2990:
2989:
2963:
2959:
2955:
2949:
2933:
2929:
2928:
2923:
2917:
2902:
2898:
2892:
2876:
2872:
2868:
2862:
2846:
2842:
2841:
2836:
2820:
2816:
2801:
2797:
2793:
2787:
2771:
2767:
2763:
2757:
2738:
2734:
2727:
2721:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2691:
2684:
2679:
2677:
2668:
2661:
2653:
2647:
2643:
2642:
2634:
2625:
2609:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2596:
2588:
2580:
2573:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2507:
2500:
2484:
2480:
2473:
2466:
2461:
2445:
2438:
2436:
2419:
2415:
2413:9780608404066
2409:
2405:
2401:
2397:
2391:
2382:
2376:
2375:
2368:
2367:
2366:
2363:From p. 164:
2360:
2359:
2351:
2342:
2335:
2330:
2321:
2314:
2309:
2307:
2305:
2296:
2290:
2285:
2284:
2275:
2273:
2271:
2255:
2251:
2245:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2190:
2174:
2171:(81): F1305.
2170:
2166:
2162:
2155:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2108:
2100:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2071:
2055:
2051:
2045:
2036:
2027:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1996:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1962:
1955:
1950:
1943:
1939:
1938:
1931:
1925:, p. 27.
1924:
1919:
1917:
1908:
1901:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1870:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1839:
1823:
1819:
1813:
1811:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1780:
1778:
1769:
1756:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1721:
1713:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1694:
1686:
1678:
1674:
1673:
1668:
1662:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1651:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1622:
1618:
1612:
1607:
1604:
1593:
1590:
1584:
1579:
1572:
1570:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1557:
1556:Bernie Krause
1553:
1549:
1545:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1531:
1530:
1524:
1522:
1518:
1513:
1511:
1510:Advent Bangun
1507:
1503:
1498:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1483:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1468:
1462:
1460:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1447:
1446:
1440:
1438:
1434:
1433:
1427:
1424:
1420:
1419:
1411:
1406:
1399:
1395:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1374:
1371:
1363:
1353:
1349:
1343:
1342:
1337:This section
1335:
1331:
1326:
1325:
1317:
1315:
1311:
1308:
1304:
1303:national park
1300:
1296:
1292:
1282:
1280:
1276:
1271:
1261:
1258:
1248:
1246:
1242:
1241:climax forest
1238:
1234:
1233:
1225:
1223:
1219:
1209:
1207:
1202:
1200:
1199:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1172:
1169:
1162:
1161:Anak Krakatoa
1155:Anak Krakatau
1148:
1139:
1137:
1132:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1109:
1101:
1096:
1089:1883 eruption
1086:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1070:
1068:
1064:
1061:. In 1809, a
1060:
1056:
1053:
1043:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1028:
1021:
1019:
1015:
1009:
1006:Visit by USS
996:
991:
987:
980:
975:
974:
973:
971:
967:
963:
959:
957:
951:
949:
940:
937:Visit by HMS
934:
931:
929:
925:
921:
920:
915:
911:
906:
904:
898:
896:
890:
888:
882:
880:
876:
872:
868:
860:
856:
847:
845:
835:
833:
829:
825:
820:
814:
812:
805:
803:
799:
795:
794:
793:Book of Kings
790:
780:
778:
774:
770:
765:
763:
759:
755:
751:
750:Poolsche Hoed
747:
743:
739:
735:
725:
723:
719:
715:
711:
702:
693:
691:
687:
683:
679:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
644:
640:
636:
632:
629:
625:
624:Lesser Sundas
621:
617:
613:
610:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
576:
572:
571:
570:
568:
563:
561:
557:
553:
550:(in an older
549:
545:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
525:western world
522:
518:
508:
506:
505:
504:Anak Krakatau
499:
497:
493:
488:
486:
482:
478:
474:
473:Alice Springs
469:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
446:nuclear yield
443:
438:
434:
424:
422:
418:
417:Anak Krakatoa
413:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
361:
341:
333:
276:
267:
265:
264:Last eruption
261:
258:
255:
253:
252:Mountain type
249:
244:
241:
238:
234:
208:
198:
193:
188:
181:
177:
173:
168:
163:
135:
133:
129:
126:
123:
121:
117:
112:
106:
104:
100:
95:
89:
87:
83:
78:
72:
70:
66:
61:
54:
49:
44:
41:
37:
33:
32:Anak Krakatoa
19:
4043:Fort Belgica
4006:Tirta Gangga
3986:Tampaksiring
3921:Lovina Beach
3617:Surabaya Zoo
3602:Sempu island
3587:Ranu Kumbolo
3532:Mount Semeru
3527:Mount Merapi
3392:Bogor Palace
3244:Lagundri Bay
3238:
3214:Bukit Lawang
3087:
3083:
3061:
3041:
3029:
3001:
2985:
2984:
2981:Bibliography
2966:. Retrieved
2957:
2948:
2936:. Retrieved
2925:
2916:
2904:. Retrieved
2900:
2891:
2879:. Retrieved
2875:the original
2870:
2861:
2849:. Retrieved
2838:
2823:. Retrieved
2804:. Retrieved
2795:
2786:
2774:. Retrieved
2765:
2756:
2744:. Retrieved
2737:the original
2732:
2720:
2708:. Retrieved
2699:
2690:
2666:
2660:
2640:
2633:
2624:
2612:. Retrieved
2594:
2587:
2578:
2572:
2560:. Retrieved
2516:
2512:
2499:
2487:. Retrieved
2472:
2460:
2448:. Retrieved
2422:. Retrieved
2403:
2390:
2380:
2373:
2364:
2357:
2350:
2341:
2329:
2320:
2282:
2257:. Retrieved
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2014:. Retrieved
2005:
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1983:. Retrieved
1970:
1961:
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1935:
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1391:
1388:Edvard Munch
1366:
1360:January 2023
1357:
1346:Please help
1341:verification
1338:
1288:
1285:Conservation
1267:
1256:
1254:
1231:
1226:
1215:
1203:
1198:Max Havelaar
1196:
1185:anticolonial
1178:
1164:
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1110:
1106:
1071:
1063:penal colony
1049:
1026:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
985:
970:John Ledyard
964:'s death in
958: (1774)
955:
950: (1771)
947:
943:
938:
932:
927:
917:
912:
908:
900:
892:
884:
864:
841:
832:Sunda Strait
819:Pustaka Raja
818:
816:
807:
798:Pustaka Raja
797:
791:
786:
783:AD 416 event
766:
741:
731:
707:
689:
685:
675:
657:
653:
649:
638:
633:The closest
628:Wallace Line
619:
612:Onomatopoeia
605:
601:
597:
594:Old Javanese
589:
585:
581:
577:
566:
564:
555:
547:
543:
540:
532:
520:
514:
502:
500:
489:
470:
458:World War II
439:
436:
414:
384:province of
370:Sunda Strait
339:
274:
273:
125:Spesial Ribu
40:
4053:Puncak Jaya
3951:Nusa Penida
3941:Moyo Island
3582:Ragunan Zoo
3552:Pangandaran
3547:Nusa Barong
3517:Mount Bromo
3477:Kawah Putih
3452:Ijen Crater
3422:Ceto Temple
3249:Lampung Bay
3090:: 237–241,
2851:15 November
2825:15 November
2806:15 November
2562:29 November
2424:12 November
2200:Radiocarbon
1942:telegraphic
1890:29 December
1859:29 December
1828:10 November
1552:Paul Beaver
1550:along with
1453:Irwin Allen
1032:Lang Island
895:Elias Hesse
838:Middle Ages
777:Perboewatan
758:Perboewatan
541:Crackatouw,
404:, another,
175:Native name
157: /
145:105°25′23″E
132:Coordinates
4083:Categories
3778:Lake Tempe
3672:Kalimantan
3387:Baturraden
3284:Metro City
3229:Jam Gadang
2958:Catan Maps
2938:4 November
2881:7 February
2489:5 February
2124:: 107176.
2060:23 January
2016:30 January
1735:Storyworks
1667:"Krakatau"
1641:References
1470:(retitled
1393:The Scream
1125:barographs
1055:plantation
962:James Cook
948:Resolution
824:David Keys
804:(416 AD):
734:prehistory
710:island arc
586:karkaṭaka,
552:Portuguese
462:Tsar Bomba
450:Little Boy
382:Indonesian
187:Indonesian
86:Prominence
3996:Tanah Lot
3926:Mandalika
3901:Kintamani
3881:Goa Gajah
3871:Gili Meno
3851:Cempi Bay
3826:Awang Bay
3592:Ranu Pani
3572:Prambanan
3567:Penataran
3397:Borobudur
3382:Batu City
3264:Lake Toba
3199:Berastagi
3153:Indonesia
3112:128596743
3033:from the
2549:153757349
2541:0165-0009
2228:0033-8222
2146:233789963
2099:165348828
1937:The Times
1799:22 August
1646:Citations
1461:in 1966.
1279:black rat
1232:Discovery
1230:HMS
1175:Political
1168:lava dome
1142:Aftermath
1121:Mauritius
1117:Rodrigues
1040:Geisinger
986:Discovery
956:Discovery
954:HMS
946:HMS
939:Discovery
844:Sailendra
686:Krakatau,
639:kelakatu,
616:cockatoos
544:Cracatoa,
537:Sundanese
511:Etymology
485:Mauritius
481:Rodrigues
477:Australia
240:Indonesia
195:Geography
142:6°06′07″S
103:Isolation
69:Elevation
4089:Krakatoa
3981:Senggigi
3976:Seminyak
3946:Nusa Dua
3896:Kelimutu
3891:Jimbaran
3866:Gili Air
3745:Sulawesi
3652:Trowulan
3597:Sangiran
3239:Krakatoa
3046:Archived
2998:(2003).
2962:Archived
2932:Archived
2906:29 April
2845:Archived
2819:Archived
2800:Archived
2776:28 April
2770:Archived
2746:28 April
2710:28 April
2704:Archived
2608:Archived
2604:28538295
2553:Archived
2483:Archived
2418:Archived
2374:Krakatau
2358:Krakatau
2259:16 April
2236:54647517
2173:Archived
2081:Archipel
2010:Archived
1985:25 March
1979:Archived
1884:Archived
1880:BBC News
1853:Archived
1822:Archived
1793:Archived
1739:Archived
1575:See also
1521:Krakatoa
1502:Krakatau
1437:diamonds
1072:Several
1018:Crokatoa
811:Rajabasa
789:Javanese
738:Verlaten
690:Krakatoa
666:kangaroo
662:Jakartan
654:Kaga tau
650:Krakatau
643:Furneaux
637:word is
620:Kakatoes
575:Sanskrit
567:Krakatau
556:Krakatau
548:Krakatao
496:tsunamis
402:Verlaten
364:), is a
340:Krakatau
275:Krakatoa
236:Location
220:Krakatoa
180:Krakatau
46:Krakatoa
18:Krakatau
4021:Uluwatu
3831:Bedugul
3710:Kakaban
3161:Sumatra
3092:Bibcode
3068:YouTube
2927:YouTube
2796:The Age
2521:Bibcode
2208:Bibcode
2179:21 June
2126:Bibcode
1745:1 March
1472:Volcano
1275:coolies
1074:surveys
1027:Peacock
1008:Peacock
966:Hawaiʻi
926:called
879:Jakarta
871:Sumatra
742:Sertung
720:of the
606:carcata
582:karkaṭa
558:was by
535:is the
448:of the
392:group (
386:Lampung
380:in the
378:Sumatra
368:in the
366:caldera
257:Caldera
246:Geology
120:Listing
4031:Maluku
3961:Pecatu
3846:Canggu
3798:Toraja
3647:Tretes
3577:Puncak
3537:Mrapen
3507:Malang
3427:G-Land
3324:Sipura
3314:Sabang
3110:
3010:
2648:
2614:6 July
2602:
2547:
2539:
2410:
2291:
2234:
2226:
2144:
2097:
1708:
1480:pearls
1398:Norway
1307:UNESCO
1270:pumice
1235:, the
1181:Serang
1067:Sebesi
1052:pepper
903:Sebesi
887:pumice
875:Padang
873:(near
769:Rakata
754:Rakata
598:rakata
590:rakaṭa
406:Rakata
183:
170:Naming
4035:Papua
3971:Sanur
3966:Rinca
3362:Anyer
3108:S2CID
3028:1883
2968:2 May
2740:(PDF)
2729:(PDF)
2556:(PDF)
2545:S2CID
2509:(PDF)
2450:5 May
2232:S2CID
2142:S2CID
2095:S2CID
1737:: 8.
1563:Saxon
1245:fauna
1237:flora
1119:near
1113:Perth
773:Danan
762:Danan
635:Malay
578:karka
573:From
483:near
4033:and
4011:Ubud
3911:Kuta
3344:Java
3294:Nias
3008:ISBN
2986:See
2970:2015
2940:2022
2908:2023
2901:IMDb
2883:2023
2853:2010
2827:2010
2808:2010
2778:2021
2748:2021
2712:2021
2646:ISBN
2616:2022
2600:OCLC
2564:2019
2537:ISSN
2491:2019
2452:2015
2426:2020
2408:ISBN
2289:ISBN
2261:2023
2224:ISSN
2181:2018
2062:2010
2018:2021
1987:2007
1892:2018
1861:2018
1830:2011
1801:2018
1768:help
1747:2008
1706:ISBN
1554:and
1537:Styx
1508:and
1476:west
1297:Ia (
1220:and
1076:and
1036:yams
952:and
850:1680
817:The
802:Śaka
787:The
760:and
746:Lang
740:(or
676:The
660:)—a
604:and
546:and
533:pulo
400:and
398:Lang
376:and
374:Java
268:1883
3151:in
3100:doi
3088:302
3070:– "
3066:on
2529:doi
2216:doi
2134:doi
2122:411
2085:doi
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