Knowledge

Konkomba language

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gbi (dig) h (as in hat) e.g. haali (even) I (as in feet) e.g. ipii (sheep) j (as in Jack) e.g. kijuk (knife) k (as in kitchen) e.g. kiyiik (calabash) kp (there is no similar sound in English) e.g. uninkpil (elder/chief/boss) l (as in lady) e.g. lafee (health) m (as in man) e.g. limual (a river) n (as in net) e.g. linuul (Yam) ŋ ( as in sin'''g''' e.g. ŋaan (cook/boil) ŋm (there is no similar sound in English, the closest however is the sound of a kiss, gmmmmaaaaaaaa) e.g. ŋmɔ (Chew) ny (there is no similar sound in English but there is a similar sound in French as in igname (yam)) e.g. nya (go out/get out) o (as in no) e.g. lijol (mountain/plateau/highland) ɔ (as in paw/log/ball/pawpaw) e.g. mɔk (show/teach) p (as in pick) e.g. paacham (up/above/on top) r (as in rock) e.g. ipaar (benefit/profit) s (as in sit) e.g. kisaak (a farm) t (as in tip) e.g. litakpaal (a stone/rock) u (as in loop) e.g. likuul (a hoe/a tape/CD/DVD) w (as in wish) e.g. Uwumbɔr (God) y (as in yes) e.g. liyimbil (a name).
2660:"Yesu aah kan kinipaak ngbaan na, le u jon ligongoln paab, le ki kal. Le waadidiliib kuun u chee. Le u waar umɔb ki bui bi ke: 'Binib bi nyi ke bi ye bigiim Uwumbɔr wɔb na, waanyoor bi bi pu. Bima le yeh Uwumbɔr aanaan. Binib bi kpa mpombiin baatunwanbir pu na, Uwumbɔr aanyoor bi bi pu; u ga sɔŋ bisui. Binib bi sunn bibaa taab na, Uwumbɔr aanyoor bi bi pu. Bima le ga li yeh dulnyaa wee. Binib bi aanimbil man ke bi li ye bininyaam na, Uwumbɔr aanyoor bi bi pu. Binimbil ga gbiin. Binib bi kpa linimbaasaln na, Uwumbɔr aanyoor bi bi pu. U mu ga san bi kinimbaak. Binib bi dii Uwumbɔr ni bisui mɔmɔk na, waanyoor bi bi pu. Bima le ga kan uma Uwumbɔr. Binib bi par kijaak na, Uwumbɔr aanyoor bi bi pu. U ga len ke bi ye waabim. Binib bi ji falaa Uwumbɔr aasan aadiim pu na, waanyoor bi bi pu. Bima le yeh uma Uwumbɔr aanaan. 2675:"And seeing the multitudes, He went up on a mountain, and when He was seated His disciples came to Him. Then He opened His mouth and taught them, saying: 'Blessed are the poor in spirit, For theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Blessed are those who mourn, for they shall be comforted. Blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the earth. Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness, for they shall be filled. Blessed are the merciful, for they shall obtain mercy. Blessed are the pure in heart, for they shall see God. Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called sons of God. Blessed are those who are persecuted for righteousness' sake, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. 2735: 25: 413:
and "many men" (in the Likoon dialect) all mean "I don't like that". This type of variation can be heard in Likpakpaln, depending on the geographic area or what clan is dominant in a particular settlement. However, Lichaboil dialect is the written variety. Other Bikpakpaam dialects classifications include Linankpel (Nankpantiib), Likpalil (Bikpalib), Linandeln (Binandim), Lisagmaln (Sagmantiib), and Linalol (Binalob).
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Certain variations that may occur in the a given speaker's speech. For example, sometimes a speaker may use the /r/ sound and sometimes the /l/ sound. Also, there may be variations between one speaker and another within the same village (e.g. some use the plural tiib and some teeb). This is, however,
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The orthography follows that used in the literature currently in print in Likpakpaln. Under the current convention, long and short vowels are distinguished by the use of single and double letters respectively. (e.g. a, aa). Tone is not marked, but where two words contrast only in tone and the context
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a (as in father) e.g.: n-na (my mother) b (as in boy) e.g. ubo (a child) ch (as in church) e.g. chapiln (forgive) d (as in dog) e.g. da (buy) e (eight) e.g. kpe (add) f (as in fish) e.g. falaa (suffering) g (as in go) e.g. gaa (take) gb (there is no similar sound in English) e.g.
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The dialects of Konkomba emerged because different families and groups settled together and adopted unique pronunciation and vocabulary patterns, forming what could be called uniform dialect groupings. For example, "map geek" in (in the Lichabol dialect), "may LAK Iya" (in the Limonkpeln dialect),
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in Likpakpaln, created through the work of GILLBT and GIL, Mary Steele, and RILADEP (formerly KOLADEP, Konkomba Literacy and Development Project). Work on the Likpakpaln Bible translation was started by Mary Steele in 1962 when she arrived to work with the Wycliffe Bible Translators.
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Matthew 5:1-10 and seeing the multitudes, He went up on a mountain, and when He was seated His disciples came to Him. Then He opened His mouth and taught them, saying: "Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is | New King James Version (NKJV) | Download the Bible App
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Matiu 5:1-10 Yesu aah kan kinipaak ngbaan na, le u jon ligongoln paab, le ki kal. Le waadidiliib kuun u chee. Le u waar umɔb ki bui bi ke: Binib bi nyi ke bi ye bigiim Uwumbɔr wɔb na, waanyoor bi bi pu. Bima le ye | Uwumbɔr aagbaŋ (XONB) | Download the Bible App
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Letters and sounds are organized as shown below. The format shows a Roman Alphabet letter, followed by a similar sound in English, followed by an example showing a Likpakpaln word containing a similar sound, followed by the meaning of the word in English.
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There are two-level tones; low (⸜) and high (⸝), which are used to distinguish between perfective and habitual aspects. The tones do not change regardless of the person specification of the noun or a pronoun.
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Relative pronouns are dependent on the prefix of the noun that indicates its noun class. The relative pronoun is thus a reflection of the noun class and functions as a resumptive pronoun.
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A reasonable amount of Likpakpaln literature exists. This literature includes primers for teaching, a dictionary, storybooks, and folk tales. There is also a full translation of the
409:, who are also known as the Bikpakpaam. The Konkomba language has several dialects, including, but not limited to, Lichaboil, Ligbeln, Likoonli, Limonkpeln and Linafeel. 1968:
There is a distinction between perfective and imperfective aspect. The perfective is not explicitly marked, while the imperfective is expressed by the particle
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There are different options how to form a question. The question word can either occur clause-initially, which is also referred to as ex situ, or it can stay
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Personal pronouns can either occur preverbally or postvebally. In both cases, there is an additional distinction in the third person with regard to animacy.
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Preverbal personal pronouns are used as subjects. Which form for the first person pronoun is used, depends on the phonology of the following word.
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is unlikely to indicate a distinction in meaning, an "h" is added after the vowel in one of the words (e.g. upii – woman, upiih – sheep).
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Possessive pronouns in Likpakpaln have the same morphological form than the preverbal personal pronouns. In special contexts, the prefix
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There are five distinct tense forms that are morphologically realized by an individual particle. Likpakpaln marks immediate past (
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Njindan, Bernard. 2014. Konkomba People in Ghana: A Historical Perspective. Unpublished Manuscript. July 2014.
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can be attached to the possessum in order to emphasize the relation between the possessor and the possessum.
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Emphatic pronouns are formed by a personal pronoun and an additional suffix. This suffix is in singular
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Main verbs in Likpakpaln do not morphologically inflect, therefore there is no grammatical agreement.
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Kerstin Winkelmann. (2012). D4. Konkomba (Likpakpaln). In: G. Miehe, B. Reineke & K. Winkelmann
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Differences in tone can change the lexical function of a particular word. In contrast to many other
4345: 2420:, meaning that it occurs at the end of the clause. Moreover, a question can also be embedded in a 4294: 3685: 3530: 3028: 1637:
Demonstrative pronouns are formed by the noun class prefix of the particular noun and the suffix
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Tait, David. 1954. "Konkomba nominal classes" (with a phonetic commentary by P. D. Strevens).
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a, b, (c), ch, d, e, f, g, gb, i, j, k, kp, l, m, n, ny, Ĺ‹, Ĺ‹m, o, É”, p, r, s, t, u, w, y.
483:
A, B, (C), CH, D, E, F, G, GB, I, J, K, KP, L, M, N, NY, Ŋ, ŊM, O, Ɔ, P, R, S, T, U, W, Y.
379: 4136: 8: 4001: 3991: 3801: 3601: 3426: 3351: 3278: 458: 3981: 4172: 3905: 2998: 2700: 2421: 367: 196: 186: 2896: 2804: 293: 4227: 4131: 4042: 3920: 3791: 3771: 3606: 3346: 3263: 3248: 3208: 4273: 4240: 4235: 4213: 4208: 4203: 4162: 4146: 4116: 4072: 4037: 4027: 4017: 3837: 3761: 3741: 3736: 3731: 3710: 3705: 3616: 3596: 3576: 3566: 3561: 3551: 3459: 3341: 3331: 3321: 3253: 3243: 3188: 3148: 3138: 3083: 3078: 3012: 450: 257: 2102:). The particles for the particular tense form also immediately precede the verb. 4289: 4268: 4245: 4182: 4177: 4141: 4097: 4032: 3986: 3950: 3842: 3832: 3766: 3756: 3746: 3621: 3611: 3591: 3586: 3571: 3556: 3505: 3469: 3451: 3416: 3391: 3386: 3381: 3336: 3311: 3233: 3203: 3183: 3178: 3168: 3108: 3088: 3059: 2695: 454: 434: 406: 333: 214: 172: 153: 4309: 4304: 4299: 4263: 4082: 4077: 4052: 4047: 3960: 3940: 3895: 3868: 3863: 3796: 3786: 3781: 3751: 3715: 3700: 3626: 3581: 3490: 3464: 3431: 3411: 3401: 3396: 3376: 3356: 3326: 3306: 3283: 3273: 3258: 3228: 3223: 3198: 3173: 3153: 3113: 3103: 3054: 3044: 245: 4329: 4314: 4092: 4087: 3996: 3955: 3945: 3910: 3887: 3827: 3668: 3485: 3436: 3406: 3371: 3316: 3298: 3288: 3238: 3213: 3163: 3130: 3071: 2722: 2656:
translated into Likpakpaln, along with the corresponding passage in English:
1641:. Likpakpaln makes a distinction between proximal and distal demonstratives. 545: 442: 438: 201: 4167: 4102: 4022: 3965: 3873: 3441: 3361: 3268: 3158: 3093: 3064: 1292:
Rflexive pronouns are formed by the personal pronouns, to which the suffix
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Noun class systems in Gur languages Vol. 4: North Central Gur Languages.
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is listed by GILLBT's Likpakpaani Dictionary, but not in other sources.
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at the phonological level and does not affect semantic interpretation.
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The VP consists of the main verb and preverbal particles encoding
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spoken by the Bassari people of Togo and Ghana. It is part of the
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subgroup, which also includes several other languages such as
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and a question can also have more than one question word.
341: 143: 3049: 2759: 2897:"The VP-periphery in Mabia languages | Likpakpaanl" 2805:"The VP-periphery in Mabia languages | Likpakpaanl" 1039:Postverbal personal pronouns are used as objects. 49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 548:, Likpakpaln tones have no grammatical function. 4327: 392:Smaller numbers can also found in Burkina Faso. 1463: 1434: 674: 591: 3653: 2983: 2747:Froelich, 1954 as cited by Hasselbring, 2006. 2647: 1235: 717: 631: 2034: 3660: 3646: 2990: 2976: 2851: 396: 2652:The following is a sample portion of the 2575: 2507: 2376: 2354: 2314: 2256: 2194: 2136: 2052: 1996: 1913: 1632: 1628:„John bought pigs (that) are lying here.“ 1575: 1497: 1467: 738: 652: 642: 602: 401:The Konkomba language, known natively as 324:The Distribution of Likpakpaanl Speakers. 109:Learn how and when to remove this message 2769:KONKOMBA (LIKPAKPAALN) O. P. L. WORKBOOK 2584:Ama ask.PST COMP what John slaughter.PFV 1263: 2765: 728: 685: 4328: 2997: 1958: 1864:Adam HEST.PST slaughter fowl yesterday 1612: 1586: 1534: 1508: 1417: 1218: 1131:, whereas in the plural the suffix is 3641: 2971: 2891: 2889: 2887: 2885: 2883: 2718: 2716: 2073:„Adelina is sweeping under the tree.“ 1287: 1223:There is only one reciprocal pronoun 696: 486: 449:of Togo and Burkina Faso, and to the 2881: 2879: 2877: 2875: 2873: 2871: 2869: 2867: 2865: 2863: 2852:Acheampong, Samuel Owoahene (2015). 2847: 2845: 2843: 2841: 2839: 2837: 2799: 2797: 2795: 2793: 2791: 2789: 2787: 2358: 2296: 1625:John buy NC-pig REL lie here REL.DET 1484: 1283:„They visited each other yesterday." 1118: 942: 755: 47:adding citations to reliable sources 18: 2901:The VP-periphery in Mabia languages 2809:The VP-periphery in Mabia languages 2548: 1931:Konja beg.PST Sam FOC NC-book today 577: 13: 2713: 2623: 2587:„Ama asked what John slaughtered.“ 2538: 2489: 2459: 2238: 2176: 2118: 1885: 1867:„Adam slaughtered fowl yesterday.“ 1831: 1782: 1616: 1538: 1245: 531:The vowels are: a, e, i, o, É”, u. 478: 14: 4357: 3667: 2860: 2834: 2784: 1934:„Konja begged a booked from Sam.“ 424: 2733: 2520:„Who did Konja beg a book from?“ 2387: 2325: 2267: 2205: 2147: 2070:Adelina IPFV sweep NC-tree under 23: 16:Gurma language of Ghana and Togo 2930: 2643:„What did Konja beg from whom?“ 2399:„Naajo will not weed the farm.“ 2276:Naajo HEST.PST weed NC-farm DEF 2017:„Adelina swept under the tree.“ 539: 34:needs additional citations for 2913: 2854:Reflexivisation in Likpakpaanl 2821: 2750: 2741: 2396:Naajo NEG.FUT weed NC-farm DEF 1938: 751:„They harvest rice regularly.“ 468: 1: 2706: 2604: 2440: 2393:Naajo Ă Ă n kùùr kì-sĂ Ă k gbĂ Ă n. 2211:Naajo nĂ n kùùr kì-sĂ Ă k gbĂ Ă n. 1928:Konja mèè Sam lè ki-gban din. 1903: 1753: 1622:John dĂ Ă  ì-gbĂ©Ă©r ì dÉ” dòò nĂ . 1550:„The child who bought a car.“ 358:Konkomba is spoken in Ghana ( 2411: 2331:Naajo gĂ  kùùr kì-sĂ Ă k gbĂ Ă n. 2273:Naajo fè kùùr kì-sĂ Ă k gbĂ Ă n. 2153:Naajo bĂ  kùùr kì-sĂ Ă k gbĂ Ă n. 1807:Adam HEST.PST work yesterday 1547:NC-child REL buy car REL.DET 1280:3PL PST visit RECP yesterday 513: 353: 7: 2689: 2337:„Naajo will weed the farm.“ 2067:Adelina bì Ĺ‹Ă r bĂą-sĂąb tĂ Ă b. 2014:Adelina sweep NC-tree under 937: 473: 10: 4362: 2640:what FOC Konja beg.PST who 2334:Naajo FUT weed NC-farm DEF 2214:Naajo PST weed NC-farm DEF 2156:Naajo PST weed NC-farm DEF 1861:Adam fĂ© k​ɔr uk​ɔla fĂ©nna. 1296:('self') is attached to. 534: 4282: 4254: 4226: 4196: 4155: 4124: 4115: 4065: 4010: 3974: 3928: 3919: 3886: 3851: 3810: 3724: 3693: 3684: 3675: 3544: 3518: 3478: 3450: 3297: 3129: 3122: 3037: 3021: 3005: 2964:, v. 24, p. 130–148. 2831:Cologne: Köppe, 472-486. 2648:Sample text in Likpakpaln 2517:Konja beg.PST who NC-book 2471:„What did Konja beg for?“ 1748: 526: 312: 304: 284: 268: 263: 242: 169: 159: 149: 135: 128: 123: 2581:Ama bae ke bĂ  John k​ɔr. 2279:„Naajo weeded the farm.“ 2217:„Naajo weeded the farm.“ 2159:„Naajo weeded the farm.“ 2011:Adelina Ĺ‹Ă r bĂą-sĂąb tĂ Ă b. 1810:„Adam worked yesterday.“ 165:920,000 (2012–2013) 3531:Adamorobe Sign Language 3029:Ghanaian Pidgin English 2629: 2618: 2610: 2600: 2592: 2570: 2562: 2554: 2544: 2533: 2525: 2514:Konja mèè ​ŋmĂ  ki-gban? 2503: 2495: 2484: 2476: 2454: 2446: 2436: 2428: 2403: 2383: 2372: 2364: 2350: 2342: 2321: 2310: 2302: 2292: 2284: 2263: 2252: 2244: 2230: 2222: 2201: 2190: 2182: 2172: 2164: 2143: 2132: 2124: 2114: 2106: 2098:) and negative future ( 2059: 2048: 2040: 2030: 2022: 2003: 1992: 1984: 1976: 1920: 1909: 1899: 1891: 1880: 1872: 1853: 1845: 1837: 1823: 1815: 1796: 1788: 1774: 1766: 1608: 1600: 1592: 1582: 1571: 1563: 1555: 1530: 1522: 1514: 1504: 1493: 1459: 1440: 1430: 1269: 1259: 1251: 1241: 1231: 748:3PL harvest.HAB NC-rice 734: 723: 713: 708:„I buy cars regularly.“ 691: 680: 670: 662:3PL harvest.PFV NC-rice 648: 637: 627: 608: 597: 587: 565: 552: 433:. It is related to the 397:Dialects and literature 3526:Ghanaian Sign Language 2687: 2672: 2468:what FOC Konja beg.PST 1649:Demonstrative Pronoun 1633:Demonstrative Pronouns 665:„They harvested rice.“ 622:„I have bought a car.“ 3536:Nanabin Sign Language 2673: 2658: 2637:BĂ  lè Konja mèè ​ŋmĂ ? 1277:Bὶ fè mĂ nn tÍ»b fènnĂ . 3123:Indigenous languages 3038:Government-sponsored 2953:Typological features 788:PL Suffix/Circumfix 506:outside the digraph 43:improve this article 3545:Immigrant languages 2772:. Togo: Peace Corps 2684:Matthew 5:1–10 NKJV 2422:subordinated clause 2090:), hesternal past ( 1964:Aspectual Particles 1959:Preverbal Particles 1760:Subject–verb–object 1645: 1544:Ă™-bò Ăą dĂ Ă  lòòr nĂ . 1418:Possessive Pronouns 1300: 1219:Reciprocal Pronouns 1143: 1043: 959: 772: 255:(Konkomba alphabet) 58:"Konkomba language" 4336:Languages of Ghana 2999:Languages of Ghana 2701:Languages of Ghana 1804:Adam fĂ© tun fĂ©nna. 1644: 1310:Reflexive Pronoun 1299: 1288:Reflexive Pronouns 1142: 1042: 958: 911:generic reference 771: 705:1SG buy.HAB car-PL 487:Lower-case letters 368:Brong Ahafo Region 4341:Languages of Togo 4323: 4322: 4222: 4221: 4111: 4110: 4061: 4060: 3882: 3881: 3635: 3634: 3514: 3513: 3006:Official language 2731:(25th ed., 2022) 2669:Matiu 5:1–10 XONB 1746: 1745: 1485:Relative Pronouns 1415: 1414: 1304:Personal Pronoun 1216: 1215: 1119:Emphatic Pronouns 1116: 1115: 1032: 1031: 943:Personal Pronouns 935: 934: 756:Noun Class System 441:of Ghana, to the 405:is spoken by the 320: 319: 300: 299: 119: 118: 111: 93: 4353: 4122: 4121: 3926: 3925: 3691: 3690: 3682: 3681: 3662: 3655: 3648: 3639: 3638: 3127: 3126: 3022:Creole languages 2992: 2985: 2978: 2969: 2968: 2957:Anne Schwarz, "" 2945: 2944: 2934: 2928: 2927: 2917: 2911: 2910: 2908: 2907: 2893: 2858: 2857: 2849: 2832: 2825: 2819: 2818: 2816: 2815: 2801: 2782: 2781: 2779: 2777: 2763: 2757: 2754: 2748: 2745: 2739: 2738: 2737: 2720: 2685: 2678: 2670: 2663: 2625: 2606: 2577: 2550: 2540: 2509: 2491: 2465:Ba lè Konja mèè? 2461: 2442: 2389: 2378: 2360: 2356: 2327: 2316: 2298: 2269: 2258: 2240: 2236: 2207: 2196: 2178: 2149: 2138: 2120: 2086:), remote past ( 2054: 2036: 1998: 1915: 1905: 1887: 1833: 1829: 1784: 1780: 1758:Likpakpaln is a 1646: 1643: 1618: 1614: 1588: 1577: 1540: 1536: 1510: 1499: 1469: 1465: 1436: 1355:himself/herself 1301: 1298: 1265: 1247: 1237: 1227:in Likpakpaln. 1144: 1141: 1044: 1041: 960: 957: 773: 770: 768: 767: 763: 740: 730: 719: 698: 687: 676: 654: 644: 633: 604: 593: 578:Grammatical Tone 451:Bassari language 393: 350: 302: 301: 296: 280: 273: 258:Konkomba Braille 248: 175: 121: 120: 114: 107: 103: 100: 94: 92: 51: 27: 19: 4361: 4360: 4356: 4355: 4354: 4352: 4351: 4350: 4346:Gurma languages 4326: 4325: 4324: 4319: 4278: 4250: 4218: 4192: 4151: 4107: 4057: 4006: 3970: 3915: 3878: 3847: 3806: 3720: 3671: 3666: 3636: 3631: 3540: 3510: 3474: 3446: 3293: 3118: 3033: 3017: 3001: 2996: 2949: 2948: 2936: 2935: 2931: 2919: 2918: 2914: 2905: 2903: 2895: 2894: 2861: 2850: 2835: 2826: 2822: 2813: 2811: 2803: 2802: 2785: 2775: 2773: 2764: 2760: 2755: 2751: 2746: 2742: 2732: 2721: 2714: 2709: 2696:Konkomba people 2692: 2686: 2683: 2676: 2671: 2668: 2661: 2650: 2645: 2635: 2627: 2616: 2608: 2598: 2589: 2579: 2568: 2560: 2552: 2542: 2531: 2522: 2512: 2501: 2493: 2482: 2473: 2463: 2452: 2444: 2434: 2414: 2406: 2401: 2391: 2381: 2370: 2362: 2348: 2339: 2329: 2319: 2308: 2300: 2290: 2281: 2271: 2261: 2250: 2242: 2228: 2219: 2209: 2199: 2188: 2180: 2170: 2161: 2151: 2141: 2130: 2122: 2112: 2078:Tense Particles 2075: 2065: 2057: 2046: 2038: 2028: 2019: 2009: 2001: 1990: 1982: 1961: 1941: 1936: 1926: 1918: 1907: 1897: 1889: 1878: 1869: 1859: 1851: 1843: 1835: 1821: 1812: 1802: 1794: 1786: 1772: 1756: 1751: 1635: 1630: 1620: 1606: 1598: 1590: 1580: 1569: 1561: 1552: 1542: 1528: 1520: 1512: 1502: 1487: 1482: 1472: 1456: 1446: 1438: 1420: 1290: 1285: 1275: 1267: 1257: 1249: 1239: 1221: 1121: 945: 940: 769: 765: 761: 759: 758: 753: 745:Bì chĂ©Ă© ì-mùùl. 743: 732: 721: 710: 702:N dáá lòòr-tiib 700: 689: 678: 667: 659:Bì chèè ì-mùùl. 657: 646: 635: 624: 619:1SG buy.PFV car 614: 606: 595: 580: 575: 568: 562: 555: 542: 537: 529: 524: 516: 489: 481: 479:Capital letters 476: 471: 435:Bimoba language 427: 407:Konkomba people 399: 391: 388:Plateaux Region 360:Northern Region 356: 344: 327: 326: 325: 292: 276: 269: 256: 249: 244: 238: 176: 173:Language family 171: 162: 161:Native speakers 154:Konkomba people 115: 104: 98: 95: 52: 50: 40: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 4359: 4349: 4348: 4343: 4338: 4321: 4320: 4318: 4317: 4312: 4307: 4302: 4297: 4292: 4286: 4284: 4280: 4279: 4277: 4276: 4271: 4266: 4260: 4258: 4252: 4251: 4249: 4248: 4243: 4238: 4232: 4230: 4224: 4223: 4220: 4219: 4217: 4216: 4211: 4206: 4200: 4198: 4194: 4193: 4191: 4190: 4185: 4180: 4175: 4170: 4165: 4159: 4157: 4153: 4152: 4150: 4149: 4144: 4139: 4134: 4128: 4126: 4119: 4113: 4112: 4109: 4108: 4106: 4105: 4100: 4095: 4090: 4085: 4080: 4075: 4069: 4067: 4063: 4062: 4059: 4058: 4056: 4055: 4050: 4045: 4040: 4035: 4030: 4025: 4020: 4014: 4012: 4008: 4007: 4005: 4004: 3999: 3994: 3989: 3984: 3978: 3976: 3972: 3971: 3969: 3968: 3963: 3958: 3953: 3948: 3943: 3938: 3932: 3930: 3923: 3917: 3916: 3914: 3913: 3908: 3903: 3898: 3892: 3890: 3884: 3883: 3880: 3879: 3877: 3876: 3871: 3866: 3861: 3855: 3853: 3849: 3848: 3846: 3845: 3840: 3835: 3830: 3825: 3820: 3814: 3812: 3808: 3807: 3805: 3804: 3799: 3794: 3789: 3784: 3779: 3774: 3769: 3764: 3759: 3754: 3749: 3744: 3739: 3734: 3728: 3726: 3722: 3721: 3719: 3718: 3713: 3708: 3703: 3697: 3695: 3688: 3679: 3673: 3672: 3665: 3664: 3657: 3650: 3642: 3633: 3632: 3630: 3629: 3624: 3619: 3614: 3609: 3604: 3599: 3594: 3589: 3584: 3579: 3574: 3569: 3564: 3559: 3554: 3548: 3546: 3542: 3541: 3539: 3538: 3533: 3528: 3522: 3520: 3519:Sign languages 3516: 3515: 3512: 3511: 3509: 3508: 3503: 3498: 3493: 3488: 3482: 3480: 3476: 3475: 3473: 3472: 3467: 3462: 3456: 3454: 3448: 3447: 3445: 3444: 3439: 3434: 3429: 3424: 3419: 3414: 3409: 3404: 3399: 3394: 3389: 3384: 3379: 3374: 3369: 3364: 3359: 3354: 3349: 3344: 3339: 3334: 3329: 3324: 3319: 3314: 3309: 3303: 3301: 3295: 3294: 3292: 3291: 3286: 3281: 3276: 3271: 3266: 3261: 3256: 3251: 3246: 3241: 3236: 3231: 3226: 3221: 3216: 3211: 3206: 3201: 3196: 3191: 3186: 3181: 3176: 3171: 3166: 3161: 3156: 3151: 3146: 3141: 3135: 3133: 3124: 3120: 3119: 3117: 3116: 3111: 3106: 3101: 3096: 3091: 3086: 3081: 3076: 3075: 3074: 3069: 3068: 3067: 3062: 3057: 3041: 3039: 3035: 3034: 3032: 3031: 3025: 3023: 3019: 3018: 3016: 3015: 3009: 3007: 3003: 3002: 2995: 2994: 2987: 2980: 2972: 2966: 2965: 2958: 2955: 2947: 2946: 2929: 2912: 2859: 2833: 2820: 2783: 2758: 2749: 2740: 2711: 2710: 2708: 2705: 2704: 2703: 2698: 2691: 2688: 2681: 2666: 2649: 2646: 2628: 2617: 2609: 2599: 2591: 2590: 2569: 2561: 2553: 2543: 2532: 2524: 2523: 2502: 2494: 2483: 2475: 2474: 2453: 2445: 2435: 2427: 2426: 2413: 2410: 2405: 2402: 2382: 2371: 2363: 2349: 2341: 2340: 2320: 2309: 2301: 2291: 2283: 2282: 2262: 2251: 2243: 2229: 2221: 2220: 2200: 2189: 2181: 2171: 2163: 2162: 2142: 2131: 2123: 2113: 2105: 2104: 2058: 2047: 2039: 2029: 2021: 2020: 2002: 1991: 1983: 1975: 1974: 1960: 1957: 1940: 1937: 1919: 1908: 1898: 1890: 1879: 1871: 1870: 1852: 1844: 1836: 1822: 1814: 1813: 1795: 1787: 1773: 1765: 1764: 1755: 1752: 1750: 1747: 1744: 1743: 1740: 1737: 1734: 1731: 1730: 1727: 1724: 1721: 1718: 1717: 1714: 1711: 1708: 1702: 1701: 1698: 1695: 1692: 1689: 1688: 1685: 1682: 1679: 1676: 1675: 1672: 1669: 1666: 1660: 1659: 1656: 1653: 1650: 1634: 1631: 1607: 1599: 1591: 1581: 1570: 1562: 1554: 1553: 1529: 1521: 1513: 1503: 1492: 1491: 1486: 1483: 1477:1SG-POSS-house 1458: 1457: 1439: 1429: 1428: 1419: 1416: 1413: 1412: 1409: 1406: 1403: 1399: 1398: 1395: 1392: 1389: 1385: 1384: 1381: 1378: 1375: 1371: 1370: 1367: 1364: 1361: 1357: 1356: 1353: 1350: 1347: 1343: 1342: 1339: 1336: 1333: 1329: 1328: 1325: 1322: 1319: 1315: 1314: 1311: 1308: 1305: 1289: 1286: 1268: 1258: 1250: 1240: 1230: 1229: 1220: 1217: 1214: 1213: 1210: 1207: 1204: 1200: 1199: 1196: 1193: 1190: 1186: 1185: 1182: 1179: 1176: 1172: 1171: 1168: 1165: 1162: 1158: 1157: 1154: 1151: 1148: 1120: 1117: 1114: 1113: 1110: 1107: 1104: 1100: 1099: 1096: 1093: 1090: 1086: 1085: 1082: 1079: 1076: 1072: 1071: 1068: 1065: 1062: 1058: 1057: 1054: 1051: 1048: 1030: 1029: 1026: 1023: 1020: 1016: 1015: 1012: 1009: 1006: 1002: 1001: 998: 995: 992: 988: 987: 984: 981: 978: 974: 973: 970: 967: 964: 944: 941: 939: 936: 933: 932: 929: 926: 923: 920: 917: 913: 912: 909: 906: 903: 900: 897: 893: 892: 889: 886: 883: 880: 877: 873: 872: 869: 866: 863: 860: 857: 853: 852: 849: 846: 843: 840: 837: 833: 832: 829: 826: 823: 820: 817: 813: 812: 809: 806: 803: 800: 797: 793: 792: 789: 786: 783: 780: 777: 757: 754: 733: 722: 712: 711: 690: 679: 669: 668: 647: 636: 626: 625: 607: 596: 586: 585: 579: 576: 564: 563: 551: 550: 541: 538: 536: 533: 528: 525: 521: 515: 512: 488: 485: 480: 477: 475: 472: 470: 467: 445:spoken by the 437:spoken by the 429:Konkomba is a 426: 425:Classification 423: 398: 395: 380:Savanes Region 372:Eastern Region 355: 352: 334:Gurma language 323: 322: 321: 318: 317: 314: 310: 309: 306: 298: 297: 290: 282: 281: 274: 266: 265: 264:Language codes 261: 260: 250: 246:Writing system 243: 240: 239: 237: 236: 235: 234: 233: 232: 231: 230: 229: 228: 227: 226: 225: 224: 223: 222: 187:Atlantic–Congo 179: 177: 170: 167: 166: 163: 160: 157: 156: 151: 147: 146: 137: 133: 132: 126: 125: 117: 116: 31: 29: 22: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4358: 4347: 4344: 4342: 4339: 4337: 4334: 4333: 4331: 4316: 4313: 4311: 4308: 4306: 4303: 4301: 4298: 4296: 4293: 4291: 4288: 4287: 4285: 4281: 4275: 4272: 4270: 4267: 4265: 4262: 4261: 4259: 4257: 4253: 4247: 4244: 4242: 4239: 4237: 4234: 4233: 4231: 4229: 4225: 4215: 4212: 4210: 4207: 4205: 4202: 4201: 4199: 4195: 4189: 4186: 4184: 4181: 4179: 4176: 4174: 4171: 4169: 4166: 4164: 4161: 4160: 4158: 4154: 4148: 4145: 4143: 4140: 4138: 4135: 4133: 4130: 4129: 4127: 4123: 4120: 4118: 4114: 4104: 4101: 4099: 4096: 4094: 4091: 4089: 4086: 4084: 4081: 4079: 4076: 4074: 4071: 4070: 4068: 4064: 4054: 4051: 4049: 4046: 4044: 4041: 4039: 4036: 4034: 4031: 4029: 4026: 4024: 4021: 4019: 4016: 4015: 4013: 4009: 4003: 4000: 3998: 3995: 3993: 3990: 3988: 3985: 3983: 3980: 3979: 3977: 3973: 3967: 3964: 3962: 3959: 3957: 3954: 3952: 3949: 3947: 3944: 3942: 3939: 3937: 3934: 3933: 3931: 3927: 3924: 3922: 3918: 3912: 3909: 3907: 3904: 3902: 3901:Láá Láá Bwamu 3899: 3897: 3894: 3893: 3891: 3889: 3885: 3875: 3872: 3870: 3867: 3865: 3862: 3860: 3857: 3856: 3854: 3850: 3844: 3841: 3839: 3836: 3834: 3831: 3829: 3826: 3824: 3821: 3819: 3816: 3815: 3813: 3809: 3803: 3800: 3798: 3795: 3793: 3790: 3788: 3785: 3783: 3780: 3778: 3775: 3773: 3770: 3768: 3765: 3763: 3760: 3758: 3755: 3753: 3750: 3748: 3745: 3743: 3740: 3738: 3735: 3733: 3730: 3729: 3727: 3723: 3717: 3714: 3712: 3709: 3707: 3704: 3702: 3699: 3698: 3696: 3692: 3689: 3687: 3683: 3680: 3678: 3674: 3670: 3669:Gur languages 3663: 3658: 3656: 3651: 3649: 3644: 3643: 3640: 3628: 3625: 3623: 3620: 3618: 3615: 3613: 3610: 3608: 3605: 3603: 3600: 3598: 3595: 3593: 3590: 3588: 3585: 3583: 3580: 3578: 3575: 3573: 3570: 3568: 3565: 3563: 3560: 3558: 3555: 3553: 3550: 3549: 3547: 3543: 3537: 3534: 3532: 3529: 3527: 3524: 3523: 3521: 3517: 3507: 3504: 3502: 3499: 3497: 3494: 3492: 3489: 3487: 3484: 3483: 3481: 3477: 3471: 3468: 3466: 3463: 3461: 3458: 3457: 3455: 3453: 3449: 3443: 3440: 3438: 3435: 3433: 3430: 3428: 3425: 3423: 3420: 3418: 3415: 3413: 3410: 3408: 3405: 3403: 3400: 3398: 3395: 3393: 3390: 3388: 3385: 3383: 3380: 3378: 3375: 3373: 3370: 3368: 3365: 3363: 3360: 3358: 3355: 3353: 3350: 3348: 3345: 3343: 3340: 3338: 3335: 3333: 3330: 3328: 3325: 3323: 3320: 3318: 3315: 3313: 3310: 3308: 3305: 3304: 3302: 3300: 3296: 3290: 3287: 3285: 3282: 3280: 3277: 3275: 3272: 3270: 3267: 3265: 3262: 3260: 3257: 3255: 3252: 3250: 3247: 3245: 3242: 3240: 3237: 3235: 3232: 3230: 3227: 3225: 3222: 3220: 3217: 3215: 3212: 3210: 3207: 3205: 3202: 3200: 3197: 3195: 3192: 3190: 3187: 3185: 3182: 3180: 3177: 3175: 3172: 3170: 3167: 3165: 3162: 3160: 3157: 3155: 3152: 3150: 3147: 3145: 3142: 3140: 3137: 3136: 3134: 3132: 3128: 3125: 3121: 3115: 3112: 3110: 3107: 3105: 3102: 3100: 3097: 3095: 3092: 3090: 3087: 3085: 3082: 3080: 3077: 3073: 3070: 3066: 3063: 3061: 3058: 3056: 3053: 3052: 3051: 3048: 3047: 3046: 3043: 3042: 3040: 3036: 3030: 3027: 3026: 3024: 3020: 3014: 3011: 3010: 3008: 3004: 3000: 2993: 2988: 2986: 2981: 2979: 2974: 2973: 2970: 2963: 2959: 2956: 2954: 2951: 2950: 2942: 2941: 2933: 2925: 2924: 2916: 2902: 2898: 2892: 2890: 2888: 2886: 2884: 2882: 2880: 2878: 2876: 2874: 2872: 2870: 2868: 2866: 2864: 2855: 2848: 2846: 2844: 2842: 2840: 2838: 2830: 2824: 2810: 2806: 2800: 2798: 2796: 2794: 2792: 2790: 2788: 2771: 2770: 2766:Live Lingua. 2762: 2753: 2744: 2736: 2730: 2729: 2724: 2719: 2717: 2712: 2702: 2699: 2697: 2694: 2693: 2680: 2665: 2657: 2655: 2644: 2641: 2638: 2634: 2631: 2626: 2620: 2615: 2612: 2607: 2602: 2597: 2594: 2588: 2585: 2582: 2578: 2572: 2567: 2564: 2559: 2556: 2551: 2546: 2541: 2535: 2530: 2527: 2521: 2518: 2515: 2511: 2505: 2500: 2497: 2492: 2486: 2481: 2478: 2472: 2469: 2466: 2462: 2456: 2451: 2448: 2443: 2438: 2433: 2430: 2425: 2423: 2419: 2409: 2400: 2397: 2394: 2390: 2385: 2380: 2374: 2369: 2366: 2361: 2352: 2347: 2344: 2338: 2335: 2332: 2328: 2323: 2318: 2312: 2307: 2304: 2299: 2294: 2289: 2286: 2280: 2277: 2274: 2270: 2265: 2260: 2254: 2249: 2246: 2241: 2232: 2227: 2224: 2218: 2215: 2212: 2208: 2203: 2198: 2192: 2187: 2184: 2179: 2174: 2169: 2166: 2160: 2157: 2154: 2150: 2145: 2140: 2134: 2129: 2126: 2121: 2116: 2111: 2108: 2103: 2101: 2097: 2093: 2089: 2085: 2080: 2079: 2074: 2071: 2068: 2064: 2061: 2056: 2050: 2045: 2042: 2037: 2032: 2027: 2024: 2018: 2015: 2012: 2008: 2005: 2000: 1994: 1989: 1986: 1981: 1978: 1973: 1971: 1966: 1965: 1956: 1954: 1950: 1946: 1935: 1932: 1929: 1925: 1922: 1917: 1911: 1906: 1901: 1896: 1893: 1888: 1882: 1877: 1874: 1868: 1865: 1862: 1858: 1855: 1850: 1847: 1842: 1839: 1834: 1825: 1820: 1817: 1811: 1808: 1805: 1801: 1798: 1793: 1790: 1785: 1776: 1771: 1768: 1763: 1761: 1741: 1738: 1735: 1733: 1732: 1728: 1725: 1722: 1720: 1719: 1715: 1712: 1709: 1707: 1704: 1703: 1699: 1696: 1693: 1691: 1690: 1686: 1683: 1680: 1678: 1677: 1673: 1670: 1667: 1665: 1662: 1661: 1657: 1654: 1651: 1648: 1647: 1642: 1640: 1629: 1626: 1623: 1619: 1610: 1605: 1602: 1597: 1594: 1589: 1584: 1579: 1573: 1568: 1565: 1560: 1557: 1551: 1548: 1545: 1541: 1532: 1527: 1524: 1519: 1516: 1511: 1506: 1501: 1495: 1490: 1481: 1478: 1475: 1471: 1461: 1455: 1452: 1449: 1445: 1442: 1437: 1432: 1427: 1425: 1410: 1407: 1404: 1401: 1400: 1396: 1393: 1390: 1387: 1386: 1382: 1379: 1376: 1373: 1372: 1368: 1365: 1362: 1359: 1358: 1354: 1351: 1348: 1345: 1344: 1340: 1337: 1334: 1331: 1330: 1326: 1323: 1320: 1317: 1316: 1312: 1309: 1306: 1303: 1302: 1297: 1295: 1284: 1281: 1278: 1274: 1271: 1266: 1261: 1256: 1253: 1248: 1243: 1238: 1233: 1228: 1226: 1211: 1208: 1205: 1202: 1201: 1197: 1194: 1191: 1188: 1187: 1183: 1180: 1177: 1174: 1173: 1169: 1166: 1163: 1160: 1159: 1155: 1152: 1149: 1146: 1145: 1140: 1138: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1111: 1108: 1105: 1102: 1101: 1097: 1094: 1091: 1088: 1087: 1083: 1080: 1077: 1074: 1073: 1069: 1066: 1063: 1060: 1059: 1055: 1052: 1049: 1046: 1045: 1040: 1037: 1036: 1027: 1024: 1021: 1018: 1017: 1013: 1010: 1007: 1004: 1003: 999: 996: 993: 990: 989: 985: 982: 979: 976: 975: 971: 968: 965: 962: 961: 956: 953: 952: 948: 930: 927: 924: 921: 918: 915: 914: 910: 907: 904: 901: 898: 895: 894: 890: 887: 884: 881: 878: 875: 874: 870: 867: 864: 861: 858: 855: 854: 850: 847: 844: 841: 838: 835: 834: 830: 827: 824: 821: 818: 815: 814: 810: 807: 804: 801: 798: 795: 794: 790: 787: 784: 781: 778: 775: 774: 764: 752: 749: 746: 742: 736: 731: 725: 720: 715: 709: 706: 703: 699: 693: 688: 682: 677: 672: 666: 663: 660: 656: 650: 645: 639: 634: 629: 623: 620: 617: 613: 610: 605: 599: 594: 589: 584: 574: 571: 567: 561: 558: 554: 549: 547: 546:Gur languages 532: 520: 511: 509: 505: 500: 496: 492: 484: 466: 464: 460: 456: 452: 448: 444: 443:Moba language 440: 439:Bimoba people 436: 432: 422: 419: 414: 410: 408: 404: 394: 389: 385: 381: 378:), and Togo ( 377: 373: 369: 365: 361: 351: 348: 343: 339: 335: 331: 315: 311: 307: 303: 295: 291: 289: 288: 283: 279: 275: 272: 267: 262: 259: 254: 251: 247: 241: 221: 218: 217: 216: 213: 212: 211: 208: 207: 205: 204: 203: 200: 199: 198: 195: 194: 193: 190: 189: 188: 185: 184: 182: 178: 174: 168: 164: 158: 155: 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1664:Proximal 1474:N’àà-do. 1460:N’àà-do. 1212:it/they 1112:it/they 1028:it/they 938:Pronouns 925:n-...-n 919:n-yaa-n 888:n-...-m 868:i-...-i 859:Bu-su-b 808:bi...-b 802:Bi-ja-b 727:harvest. 641:harvest. 573:„Sheep.“ 560:„woman.“ 474:Alphabet 330:Konkomba 313:Language 294:konk1269 220:Konkomba 197:Savannas 124:Konkomba 4274:Natioro 4241:Lomakka 4236:Kulango 4228:Kulango 4214:Tagwana 4209:Nafanan 4204:Djimini 4178:Kpalaga 4163:Cebaara 4156:Central 4147:Supyire 4073:Koromfe 4038:Sisaala 4028:Paasaal 4018:Chakali 4011:Western 3982:KalamsĂ© 3929:Eastern 3921:Gurunsi 3838:Ngangam 3762:Kantosi 3742:Dagbani 3737:Dagaare 3732:Birifor 3725:Western 3711:Tammari 3706:Mbelime 3694:Eastern 3617:Russian 3597:Chinese 3577:Italian 3567:Spanish 3562:Punjabi 3552:English 3460:Bambara 3342:Chakosi 3332:Avatime 3322:Animere 3254:Sisaala 3244:Paasaal 3189:Kantosi 3149:Chakali 3139:Birifor 3084:Dagbani 3079:Dagaare 3060:Akuapem 3013:English 2418:in situ 2373:kì-sĂ Ă k 2311:kì-sĂ Ă k 2253:kì-sĂ Ă k 2191:kì-sĂ Ă k 2133:kì-sĂ Ă k 2026:Adelina 2023:Adelina 1980:Adelina 1977:Adelina 1910:ki-gban 1697:mĂąmìnĂ  1694:kìmìnĂ  1684:tìmìnĂ  1681:nìmìnĂ  1655:Plural 1572:ì-gbĂ©Ă©r 1327:myself 1307:Suffix 1153:Plural 1147:Person 1053:Plural 1047:Person 969:Plural 963:Person 862:i-su-i 856:14/*ci 782:Plural 735:ì-mùùl. 649:ì-mùùl. 535:Grammar 83:scholar 4290:Bariba 4283:Others 4269:Paleni 4183:Senara 4142:Sucite 4117:Senufo 4098:Dogoso 4066:Others 3987:Kasena 3951:KabiyĂ© 3843:Ntcham 3833:Nateni 3767:Kusasi 3757:Kamara 3747:Frafra 3622:Danish 3612:Romani 3592:Arabic 3587:Hebrew 3572:German 3557:French 3506:Yoruba 3479:Others 3470:Tonjon 3417:Nkonya 3392:Lelemi 3387:Larteh 3382:Krache 3337:Bowili 3312:Ahanta 3234:Ntcham 3204:Kusasi 3184:Kamara 3169:Frafra 3089:Dangme 3055:Asante 2962:Africa 2384:gbĂ Ă n. 2322:gbĂ Ă n. 2264:gbĂ Ă n. 2202:gbĂ Ă n. 2144:gbĂ Ă n. 2049:bĂą-sĂąb 1993:bĂą-sĂąb 1949:Aspect 1854:fĂ©nna. 1846:uk​ɔla 1797:fĂ©nna. 1749:Syntax 1706:Distal 1671:ìmìnĂ  1668:ĂąmìnĂ  1658:Gloss 1500:-child 1470:-house 1408:nì-bĂ  1380:bì-bĂ  1366:tì-bĂ  1313:Gloss 1270:fènnĂ . 1156:Gloss 1056:Gloss 972:Gloss 916:22/12 891:knife 876:12/21 842:Ĺ‹i-ku 822:i-lan 819:n-lan 760:": --> 527:Vowels 463:Miyobe 305:People 136:Region 85:  78:  71:  64:  56:  4310:Vyemo 4305:Tusya 4300:Tiefo 4264:Samwe 4083:Turka 4078:Cerma 4053:Winye 4048:Vagla 4033:Phuie 3992:LyĂ©lĂ© 3961:Lukpa 3941:Chala 3896:Bwamu 3869:Nawdm 3864:Konni 3852:Other 3811:Gurma 3797:Talni 3787:Notre 3782:Nabit 3777:MoorĂ© 3752:Hanga 3716:Waama 3701:Berba 3627:Dutch 3582:Hindi 3491:Hausa 3465:Ligbi 3452:Mande 3432:Sehwi 3412:Nkami 3402:Logba 3397:Likpe 3377:Kposo 3357:Efutu 3327:Anyin 3307:Adele 3284:Winye 3274:Vagla 3259:Talni 3229:Notre 3224:Nabit 3219:MoorĂ© 3199:Konni 3179:Kabye 3174:Hanga 3154:Chala 3114:Nzema 3109:Kasem 3104:Gonja 3072:Fante 2776:2 May 2630:​ŋmĂ ? 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Ghana
Togo
Konkomba people
Language family
Niger–Congo
Atlantic–Congo
Volta-Congo
Savannas
Gur
Oti–Volta
Gurma
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Konkomba Braille
ISO 639-3
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Gurma language

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