Knowledge

Khuzdul

Source 📝

461:
that they could hardly be detected, still less interpreted by uninitiated onlookers. As the Eldar eventually discovered in their dealings with the Naugrim, they could speak with their voices but at the same time by ‘gesture’ convey to their own folk modifications of what was being said. Or they could stand silent considering some proposition, and yet confer among themselves meanwhile."
891: 464:
Tolkien only gave a few examples of the IglishmĂȘk sign language in his unpublished notes. The command to "Listen!" involved a slight raising of both forefingers simultaneously. The acknowledgment "I am listening" involved a slight raising of the right-hand forefinger, followed by a similar raising of
460:
from childhood. The Dwarvish sign language was much more varied between communities than Khuzdul, which remained "astonishingly uniform and unchanged both in time and in locality". Tolkien described its structure and use: "The component sign-elements of any such code were often so slight and so swift
875:
Khuzdul features a CV(C(C)) syllable structure. Words that begin with a vowel or diphthong have a glottal stop at the beginning to fill the place of an initial consonant. Words can not start with a consonant cluster, but these are found in medial or final positions in a word. The language was
405:
Dwarves were unwilling to teach outsiders Khuzdul, even to their non-dwarf friends. Dwarves would speak the languages of the region "but with an accent due to their own private tongue...". Dwarves were however willing to reveal the names of places in Khuzdul, such as the names of the landmarks of
956:
Too little is known of Khuzdul grammar to even construct a sentence, but the language was known to have its morphology based mainly on Hebrew, and other Semitic languages. Tolkien states that Khuzdul was complicated and unlike the other languages of Middle-earth at the time in its phonology and
286:
and Jews: both were "at once natives and aliens in their habitations, speaking the languages of the country, but with an accent due to their own private tongue
". Tolkien commented of the Dwarves that "their words are Semitic obviously, constructed to be Semitic."
1183:
Other noun declension types likely exist, but little detail is provided to show any full declensions or identify any broken plurals. Of these, the only hints that point to their existence is in compounded attested words and single words:
290:
Although a very limited vocabulary is known, Tolkien mentioned he had developed the language to a certain extent. A small amount of material on Khuzdul phonology and root modifications has survived which is yet to be published.
933:
within Middle-earth. The dwarves had adopted the Cirth from the elves by the end of the first age, and made changes to their liking to represent the sounds of Khuzdul. There were two methods known of writing Khuzdul,
871:
No examples found, Tolkien explicitly states these were frequent in Khuzdul, and have their own Cirth runes. Possibly in between incompatible consonant formations or current vowels in known corpus.
4092: 989:'Dwarves + Delving' "Dwarrowdelf", a Dwarvish delving. Khuzdul appears to have case endings with nominative and accusative/genitive cases, and perhaps an adjectival suffix. 981:. The construct state indicates a connection with the following noun, being a quality, belonging or part of that noun. The construct comes before the absolute noun e.g.: 4592: 4319: 3982: 1058:
Nouns and adjectives may have had different declensions for formation and number. Tolkien stated plural formations were similar to Arabic's
4543: 3954: 855:
Often at the start of words that begin with a vowel, often not written in the Latin alphabet, but has its own rune in Angerthas Moria.
398:
that Aulë created the dwarves, and taught them "the language he had devised for them", making Khuzdul, both in fiction and reality, a
4328: 215: 4312: 4201: 4105: 4051: 186: 4551: 4305: 3918:. First International Conference on J. R. R. Tolkien's Invented Languages. Stockholm, 4–8 August 2005. pp. 42–65. 961:, but little material is given to show these influences other than the mention of where AdĂ»naic's grammar differs from 4265: 4233: 3923: 3130:
Khuzdul's word stems are as in the Semitic languages not full words but groups of consonants, most often in threes.
4220: 863:, 'gh' is used to represent this sound in Black Speech and Orcish, but wasn't said of Khuzdul. Could also be or . 3911: 4577: 4037: 4587: 3817:(2007). Gilson, Christopher (ed.). "Words, Phrases and Passages in Various Tongues in The Lord of the Rings". 4582: 3990: 867:
Alveolar trill a later variant in pronunciation, the uvular trill being the original Khuzdul pronunciation.
4457: 3118:
in 'Hollowbold', with 'bold' as an obsolete term for dwelling. Assimilates to 'D' when precedes one, e.g.
824: 821: 806: 788: 785: 780: 775: 772: 760: 757: 749: 746: 701: 694: 678: 667: 643: 638: 626: 618: 610: 605: 602: 597: 580: 576: 567: 553: 546: 543: 534: 531: 526: 4336: 4120: 876:
said to be "cumbrous and unlovely" to the elves; Tolkien described it as having a cacophonous quality.
4525: 4291: 308:), the Dwarves kept it secret, except for place names and a few phrases such as their battle-cry and 279: 122: 283: 182: 176: 4556: 4152: 494: 4374: 4252: 4158: 4126: 687: 452: 55: 3964: 4423: 4072: 2593: 917: 906: 313: 309: 223: 72: 60: 8: 4247: 4215: 4183: 921: 560: 385: 239: 4286: 4032: 3819: 2819: 489: 373: 321: 207: 388:
who created the Dwarves. Later, Tolkien dropped the origins of Elvish being taught by
4481: 4471: 4261: 4229: 4197: 4167: 4135: 4101: 4087: 4047: 3978: 3919: 3845: 3755: 514: 499: 263: 231: 126: 77: 4476: 4257: 4243: 4225: 4211: 4193: 4188: 4179: 4163: 4147: 4131: 4115: 4061: 3841: 3814: 3751: 2706: 2533: 2091: 2041:
Only four verb words are known. The exact tense or use of these verbs are unknown:
974: 509: 484: 394: 361: 304:
In the fictional setting of Middle-earth, little is known of Khuzdul (once written
258: 211: 32: 4090:(2013) . "Languages Invented by Tolkien: Khuzdul". In Drout, Michael D. C. (ed.). 4361: 2050: : to use a tool like a broad-bladed chisel, or small axe-head without haft. 978: 957:
grammar. It has been said the grammar of Khuzdul influenced the basic grammar of
936: 901: 767: 660: 504: 235: 114: 2473: 4496: 4356: 4043: 3850: 3848:(ed.). "Eldarin Hands, Fingers & Numerals and Related Writings, Part two". 3760: 2377: 1059: 795: 521: 96: 4571: 4518: 4281: 4171: 729: 443: 418:, the Redhorn...and beyond him are Silvertine and Cloudyhead:...that we call 4297: 2445: 380:). Aulëan was named from the Dwarvish tradition that it had been devised by 4538: 4501: 4398: 4350: 4139: 219: 50: 2145: 741: 724: 4064: 4491: 4486: 2507: 2463: 2425: 2245: 2177: 1062:, which would make for many irregular plurals; two examples are known: 985:'Axes + Dwarves' "Axes of the Dwarves" the axes belong to the dwarves, 813: 734: 633: 271: 252: 4393: 4093:
The J. R. R. Tolkien Encyclopedia: Scholarship and Critical Assessment
2114: 958: 369: 4097: 838: 592: 473:
The following phonemes are attested in Tolkien's Khuzdul vocabulary.
275: 227: 158: 139: 118: 944:
once they fled and further developed the Cirth when they settled at
4368: 3959: 2340: 250:
Tolkien began developing Khuzdul before the publication in 1936 of
202: 1831:
In compound words, the adjective usually precedes the noun, as in
389: 4532: 4441: 4413: 4408: 4015: 973:
Nouns and adjectives had singular and plural forms and, like the
399: 356: 2135: 940:
when the dwarves still lived in Khazad-dûm before its fall, and
381: 16:
Fictional language of dwarves in J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth
4436: 4344: 2271: 962: 945: 377: 267: 4431: 2314: 930: 896: 885: 103: 2438:
Earlier name of Khazad-dûm or Azanulbizar, meaning unknown.
929:
Tolkien wrote most of Khuzdul in the Latin alphabet, and in
890: 450:, which was also just as secretive as Khuzdul. According to 3937: 3935: 392:, but kept the origins of Khuzdul the same. It is said in 425: 419: 413: 407: 406:
Moria: "I know them and their names, for under them lies
341: 329: 3809: 3807: 3983:"reply to: Khuzdul - mostly to Aelfwine/Carl Hostetter" 3932: 222:, specifically the secret and private language of the 3893: 3891: 3804: 256:, with some names appearing in the early versions of 3889: 3887: 3885: 3883: 3881: 3879: 3877: 3875: 3873: 3871: 4294:- Neo-Khuzdul, based on Tolkien's attested Khuzdul. 3715: 2452:
Dwarf-mansion, Dwarrowdelf' (later known as Moria).
1709:is both the absolute and construct plural form of 3868: 2339:Amon RĂ»dh, possibly meaning 'Bald Hill' as is in 336:"Axes of the Dwarves! The Dwarves are upon you!" 4569: 2066: : to delve underground, excavate, tunnel. 242:of words. Very little is known of the grammar. 1713:, likely the result of being a broken plural. 4593:Constructed languages introduced in the 1930s 4327: 4313: 4065:"Khuzdul - the secret tongue of the Dwarves" 3758:(ed.). "From Quendi and Eldar, Appendix D". 2514:'Silvertine' (Celebdil), also shortened to 2355:'Old Spike', Nickname of a Firebeard smith. 4320: 4306: 4287:Eldamo: Khuzdul Compilation by Paul Strack 3724:, book 2, ch. 5 "The Bridge of Khazad-dĂ»m" 2490:'Silverhorn', earlier name of Zirakzigil. 282:. Tolkien noted some similarities between 4086: 4031: 3977: 3941: 3786: 3709: 3697: 2617:Dwarvish language, lit. "Dwarf-of(gen.)" 2184:'Redhorn' (Caradhras), also shortened to 2170:A Petty-Dwarf, possibly an 'inner name'. 456:, it was learned simultaneously with the 59:, the secret and private language of the 4114: 3721: 2731:2nd person plural, "you" - Nom.* / Acc. 2502:A Petty-Dwarf, possibly an 'inner name'. 2402:A Petty-Dwarf, possibly an 'inner name'. 889: 4242: 4210: 4178: 4146: 4011: 3840: 3836: 3834: 3832: 3830: 3813: 3798: 3774: 3750: 3738: 2084: 968: 187:question marks, boxes, or other symbols 4570: 4282:Magnus Åberg - An analysis of Dwarvish 4060: 4005: 3897: 2300:'Great River'. a portion of the river 2200:'Black-lake', early name, Mirrormere? 201: 4301: 3909: 3734: 3732: 3730: 2288:Nargothrond, the Petty-Dwarvish name 2138:, known to the dwarves as the Maker. 1088: 348:"Balin son of Fundin, lord of Moria" 4292:Khuzdul Documents & Dictionaries 3827: 3125: 442:, spoken tongue, the Dwarves used a 368:language family, not related to the 3075:delve underground, excavate, tunnel 2899:delving, subterranean mansion, hall 2365:Gandalf, said to mean 'Staff-man'. 2075: : to fall or descend swiftly. 412:, the Dwarrowdelf... Yonder stands 294: 245: 13: 4552:Sound and language in Middle-earth 3955:"An Interview with J.R.R. Tolkien" 3727: 3331:path, course, river-course or bed 2775:path, course, river-course or bed 2705:records (the Chamber of Mazarbul, 2258:Nargothrond, possible later name. 2121:A lord of the Belegost Dwarves in 299: 14: 4604: 4275: 2244:'Blackroot', earlier name of the 2090:Khuzdul proper names analysed by 4221:The Lost Road and Other Writings 3987:Lord of the Rings Fanatics Forum 2212:'Cloudyhead', also shortened to 343:Balin Fundinul uzbad Khazad-dĂ»mu 4038:The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien 3792: 3780: 3768: 3744: 3019:of, patronymic genitive ending 1190:Known noun and adjective forms 912:Balin Fundinul Uzbad KhazaddĂ»mu 4040:: Revised and Expanded Edition 3971: 3963:. January 1971. Archived from 3947: 3914:. In Stenström, Anders (ed.). 3903: 3703: 3691: 2480:'glass-lake', i.e. Mirrormere. 2412:Earlier name of BundushathĂ»r. 1: 3680: 2313:The Longbeards, the house of 331:Baruk KhazĂąd! KhazĂąd ai-mĂȘnu! 274:and similarities to Hebrew's 226:. He based its structure and 4458:Elvish Linguistic Fellowship 3861: 2651:sign-language of the Dwarves 2329:'Great Fortress' (Belegost). 977:, can be in the absolute or 468: 433: 426: 420: 414: 408: 342: 330: 7: 3120:d-t = d-d : Khazad-dĂ»m 2683:written documents, records 316:, which read respectively: 262:. Tolkien based Khuzdul on 53:, the setting of the novel 10: 4609: 4121:The Fellowship of the Ring 4025: 3685: 3491:excavation, hall, mansion 3482:excavation, hall, mansion 3266:speech, language, dialect 3223:excavation, hall, mansion 3184:excavation, hall, mansion 2532:Khuzdul words analysed by 2154:"Shadows of streams/rills" 2079: 951: 883: 879: 465:the left-hand forefinger. 376:(all of which are akin to 4510: 4450: 4422: 4386: 4335: 4329:Languages of Middle-earth 3912:"An Analysis of Dwarvish" 3231: 3135: 2228:Mordor, and Sauron, lit: 1845: 1840: 1731: 1728: 1725: 1718: 1594: 1561: 1552: 1547: 1307: 1267: 1249: 1216: 1207: 1202: 1197: 1194: 1189: 1094: 1083: 1037: 994: 364:, the sole member of the 156: 137: 132: 109: 93: 67: 46: 38: 28: 23: 3777:, ch. 10 "Of the Sindar" 2526: 2036: 1198:Construct / composition 841:is attested in Khuzdul: 113:Influenced primarily by 2997:of / accusative marker 2390:'Hollowbold' (Nogrod). 948:, The Lonely Mountain. 312:'s tomb inscription in 4578:Middle-earth languages 4557:Sundering of the Elves 4153:The Return of the King 4014:, Part 2, ch. 5, "The 3910:Åberg, Magnus (2007). 3411:fall, descend swiftly 2943:tool for cutting stone 2865:fall, descend swiftly 2753:one, person or place. 2270:Cave-hewer; epessĂ« of 926: 920:son of Fundin Lord of 175:This article contains 4588:Constructed languages 4546:The Lord of the Rings 4544:Pseudotranslation in 4375:A Elbereth Gilthoniel 4253:The War of the Jewels 4159:The Lord of the Rings 4127:The Lord of the Rings 3431:gesture, hand, sign? 893: 884:Further information: 453:The War of the Jewels 73:constructed languages 56:The Lord of the Rings 4583:Middle-earth Dwarves 4073:University of Bergen 4062:Fauskanger, Helge K. 3981:(26 November 2004). 3741:, part 4, appendix D 2748:-n / -Ăąn / -Ăźn / -Ă»n 2661:passive participle? 2561:abstract collective? 2462:earlier name of the 2152:'Dimrill Dale' lit: 2085:Placenames and names 1003:Accusative/genitive 969:Nouns and adjectives 400:constructed language 372:languages spoken by 272:triconsonantal roots 240:triconsonantal roots 4248:Christopher Tolkien 4216:Christopher Tolkien 4184:Christopher Tolkien 4033:Carpenter, Humphrey 3967:on 19 October 2009. 3545:old, great in age? 3232:Triconsonant roots 3085:silver, the colour 2536: 2094: 2072:S-L-N, SulĂ»n, SalĂŽn 895:Khuzdul written in 325: 324:of Khuzdul phrases 4466:Parma Eldalamberon 4088:Hostetter, Carl F. 3979:Hostetter, Carl F. 3846:Hostetter, Carl F. 3820:Parma Eldalamberon 3756:Hostetter, Carl F. 3442:root (of a plant) 3136:Biconsonant roots 2639:silver, the metal 2531: 2158:"Dark stream dale" 2089: 1415:Spike, tine, peak 927: 319: 208:fictional language 203:[kÊ°uzˈdul] 177:special characters 78:artistic languages 4565: 4564: 4482:Carl F. Hostetter 4472:Anthony Appleyard 4244:Tolkien, J. R. R. 4212:Tolkien, J. R. R. 4203:978-0-395-25730-2 4180:Tolkien, J. R. R. 4148:Tolkien, J. R. R. 4116:Tolkien, J. R. R. 4107:978-0-415-96942-0 4053:978-0-35-865298-4 3844:(December 2005). 3815:Tolkien, J. R. R. 3678: 3677: 3227: 3226: 3126:Consonantal roots 3122: 3111: 3110: 2524: 2523: 2230:"Black one/place" 2034: 2033: 1995:Head (in/of/acc.) 1841:Compounded nouns 1829: 1828: 1719:Collective nouns 1703: 1702: 1181: 1180: 1056: 1055: 975:Semitic languages 909:'s tomb, reading 872: 868: 864: 856: 833: 832: 713: 712: 561:Aspirated plosive 354:According to the 352: 351: 264:Semitic languages 232:Semitic languages 183:rendering support 170: 169: 127:Semitic Languages 47:Setting and usage 4600: 4477:Helge Fauskanger 4337:Elvish languages 4322: 4315: 4308: 4299: 4298: 4271: 4258:Houghton Mifflin 4239: 4226:Houghton Mifflin 4207: 4194:Houghton Mifflin 4189:The Silmarillion 4175: 4164:Houghton Mifflin 4143: 4132:Houghton Mifflin 4111: 4083: 4081: 4079: 4057: 4019: 4009: 4003: 4002: 4000: 3998: 3993:on 22 April 2017 3989:. Archived from 3975: 3969: 3968: 3951: 3945: 3939: 3930: 3929: 3916:Arda Philology 1 3907: 3901: 3895: 3856: 3855: 3838: 3825: 3824: 3811: 3802: 3796: 3790: 3784: 3778: 3772: 3766: 3765: 3748: 3742: 3736: 3725: 3719: 3713: 3707: 3701: 3695: 3634:write, inscribe 3594:silver (colour) 3342:dimness, shadow 3229: 3228: 3133: 3132: 3113: 3053:underground hall 2953:staff / staffs* 2707:Book of Mazarbul 2537: 2534:Helge Fauskanger 2530: 2424:The name of the 2123:The Silmarillion 2095: 2092:Helge Fauskanger 2088: 1972:Silver (colour) 1838: 1837: 1835:, "longbeards". 1716: 1715: 1187: 1186: 1081: 1080: 1074:, the plural of 1066:, the plural of 992: 991: 942:Angerthas Erebor 870: 866: 858: 854: 826: 823: 808: 790: 787: 782: 777: 774: 762: 759: 751: 748: 719: 718: 703: 696: 680: 669: 645: 640: 628: 620: 612: 607: 604: 599: 582: 578: 569: 555: 548: 545: 536: 533: 528: 478: 477: 429: 423: 417: 411: 395:The Silmarillion 362:language isolate 345: 333: 326: 318: 295:Internal history 259:The Silmarillion 246:External history 212:J. R. R. Tolkien 205: 200: 151: 142: 99: 33:J. R. R. Tolkien 21: 20: 4608: 4607: 4603: 4602: 4601: 4599: 4598: 4597: 4568: 4567: 4566: 4561: 4526:The Etymologies 4506: 4446: 4418: 4387:Other languages 4382: 4362:Respective case 4331: 4326: 4278: 4268: 4236: 4204: 4108: 4100:. p. 341. 4077: 4075: 4054: 4035:, ed. (2023) . 4028: 4023: 4022: 4010: 4006: 3996: 3994: 3976: 3972: 3953: 3952: 3948: 3940: 3933: 3926: 3908: 3904: 3896: 3869: 3864: 3859: 3842:Tolkien, J.R.R. 3839: 3828: 3812: 3805: 3797: 3793: 3785: 3781: 3773: 3769: 3752:Tolkien, J.R.R. 3749: 3745: 3737: 3728: 3720: 3716: 3708: 3704: 3696: 3692: 3688: 3683: 3625:silver (metal) 3255:Create, Maker? 3214:dark, darkness 3128: 2975:beard / beards 2948:thark / tharuk* 2931:hall / delving 2743:dimness, shadow 2594:Dwarf / Dwarves 2583:spoken language 2529: 2087: 2082: 2039: 2029: 2022: 2015: 2001: 1994: 1987: 1978: 1977:Noun-prep./acc. 1971: 1964: 1957: 1943: 1936: 1929: 1918: 1911: 1904: 1893: 1886: 1879: 1868: 1861: 1854: 1514:√TM(M) / √DM(M) 1465:Silver (metal) 1101: 1084:1st declension 979:construct state 971: 954: 937:Angerthas Moria 925: 915: 910: 902:Angerthas Moria 888: 882: 869: 865: 857: 471: 436: 384:the Smith, the 360:, Khuzdul is a 320:The very small 302: 300:Secret language 297: 248: 198: 192: 191: 190: 181:Without proper 149: 138: 100: 95: 89: 29:Created by 17: 12: 11: 5: 4606: 4596: 4595: 4590: 4585: 4580: 4563: 4562: 4560: 4559: 4554: 4549: 4541: 4536: 4529: 4522: 4514: 4512: 4508: 4507: 4505: 4504: 4499: 4497:Arden R. Smith 4494: 4489: 4484: 4479: 4474: 4469: 4462:Vinyar Tengwar 4454: 4452: 4448: 4447: 4445: 4444: 4439: 4434: 4428: 4426: 4420: 4419: 4417: 4416: 4411: 4406: 4401: 4396: 4390: 4388: 4384: 4383: 4381: 4380: 4379: 4378: 4366: 4365: 4364: 4359: 4357:Quenya grammar 4354: 4341: 4339: 4333: 4332: 4325: 4324: 4317: 4310: 4302: 4296: 4295: 4289: 4284: 4277: 4276:External links 4274: 4273: 4272: 4266: 4240: 4234: 4208: 4202: 4176: 4144: 4112: 4106: 4084: 4058: 4052: 4044:Harper Collins 4027: 4024: 4021: 4020: 4004: 3970: 3946: 3944:, p. 341. 3942:Hostetter 2013 3931: 3924: 3902: 3866: 3865: 3863: 3860: 3858: 3857: 3851:Vinyar Tengwar 3826: 3803: 3791: 3787:Carpenter 2023 3779: 3767: 3761:Vinyar Tengwar 3743: 3726: 3714: 3710:Carpenter 2023 3702: 3698:Carpenter 2023 3689: 3687: 3684: 3682: 3679: 3676: 3675: 3672: 3666: 3663: 3656: 3655: 3652: 3646: 3645:glass, mirror 3643: 3636: 3635: 3632: 3626: 3623: 3616: 3615: 3612: 3606: 3603: 3596: 3595: 3592: 3586: 3583: 3576: 3575: 3572: 3566: 3563: 3556: 3555: 3552: 3546: 3543: 3536: 3535: 3529: 3523: 3522:great in size 3520: 3513: 3512: 3509: 3503: 3500: 3493: 3492: 3489: 3483: 3480: 3473: 3472: 3469: 3463: 3460: 3453: 3452: 3449: 3443: 3440: 3433: 3432: 3429: 3423: 3420: 3413: 3412: 3409: 3403: 3400: 3393: 3392: 3389: 3383: 3380: 3373: 3372: 3369: 3363: 3360: 3353: 3352: 3349: 3343: 3340: 3333: 3332: 3329: 3323: 3317: 3310: 3309: 3296: 3290: 3284: 3277: 3276: 3273: 3267: 3264: 3257: 3256: 3253: 3247: 3241: 3234: 3233: 3225: 3224: 3221: 3215: 3212: 3205: 3204: 3191: 3185: 3182: 3175: 3174: 3168: 3162: 3159: 3152: 3151: 3148: 3145: 3142: 3138: 3137: 3127: 3124: 3109: 3108: 3105: 3098: 3095: 3087: 3086: 3083: 3076: 3073: 3065: 3064: 3061: 3054: 3051: 3043: 3042: 3039: 3032: 3029: 3021: 3020: 3017: 3010: 3007: 2999: 2998: 2995: 2988: 2985: 2977: 2976: 2973: 2966: 2963: 2955: 2954: 2951: 2944: 2941: 2933: 2932: 2929: 2922: 2919: 2911: 2910: 2907: 2900: 2897: 2889: 2888: 2885: 2878: 2875: 2867: 2866: 2863: 2856: 2853: 2845: 2844: 2841: 2834: 2831: 2823: 2822: 2817: 2814:Rukhs / RakhĂąs 2810: 2809:dale or valley 2807: 2804:bizar / bizĂąr? 2799: 2798: 2795: 2788: 2785: 2777: 2776: 2773: 2766: 2763: 2755: 2754: 2751: 2744: 2741: 2733: 2732: 2729: 2722: 2719: 2711: 2710: 2703: 2696: 2693: 2685: 2684: 2681: 2674: 2671: 2663: 2662: 2659: 2652: 2649: 2641: 2640: 2637: 2630: 2627: 2619: 2618: 2615: 2608: 2605: 2597: 2596: 2591: 2588:Khuzd / KhazĂąd 2584: 2581: 2573: 2572: 2571:glass, mirror 2569: 2562: 2559: 2551: 2550: 2547: 2544: 2541: 2528: 2525: 2522: 2521: 2512: 2503: 2500: 2492: 2491: 2488: 2481: 2478: 2468: 2467: 2460: 2453: 2450: 2440: 2439: 2436: 2429: 2422: 2414: 2413: 2410: 2403: 2400: 2392: 2391: 2388: 2381: 2378:Mount Gundabad 2375: 2367: 2366: 2363: 2356: 2353: 2345: 2344: 2337: 2330: 2327: 2319: 2318: 2311: 2304: 2298: 2290: 2289: 2286: 2279: 2268: 2260: 2259: 2256: 2249: 2242: 2234: 2233: 2226: 2219: 2210: 2202: 2201: 2198: 2191: 2182: 2172: 2171: 2168: 2161: 2150: 2140: 2139: 2133: 2126: 2119: 2109: 2108: 2105: 2102: 2099: 2086: 2083: 2081: 2078: 2077: 2076: 2067: 2059: 2058:: to hew rock. 2051: 2038: 2035: 2032: 2031: 2024: 2017: 2008: 2004: 2003: 1996: 1989: 1980: 1974: 1973: 1966: 1959: 1950: 1946: 1945: 1938: 1931: 1921: 1920: 1913: 1906: 1896: 1895: 1888: 1887:Silver (metal) 1881: 1871: 1870: 1863: 1856: 1847: 1843: 1842: 1827: 1826: 1821: 1816: 1811: 1806: 1801: 1796: 1792: 1791: 1786: 1781: 1776: 1771: 1766: 1761: 1757: 1756: 1753: 1750: 1747: 1744: 1741: 1738: 1734: 1733: 1730: 1727: 1726:Root template 1724: 1721: 1720: 1701: 1700: 1695: 1690: 1687: 1684: 1679: 1674: 1671: 1667: 1666: 1661: 1656: 1653: 1650: 1645: 1640: 1637: 1633: 1632: 1627: 1624: 1621: 1616: 1611: 1608: 1604: 1603: 1598: 1593: 1590: 1587: 1582: 1577: 1574: 1570: 1569: 1566: 1563: 1560: 1557: 1554: 1550: 1549: 1545: 1544: 1539: 1534: 1531: 1528: 1523: 1518: 1515: 1511: 1510: 1505: 1500: 1497: 1494: 1489: 1484: 1481: 1477: 1476: 1471: 1466: 1463: 1460: 1455: 1450: 1447: 1443: 1442: 1437: 1432: 1431:Glass, mirror 1429: 1426: 1421: 1416: 1413: 1409: 1408: 1403: 1398: 1397:Great in size 1395: 1392: 1387: 1382: 1379: 1375: 1374: 1369: 1366: 1363: 1358: 1353: 1350: 1346: 1345: 1340: 1337: 1334: 1329: 1324: 1321: 1317: 1316: 1311: 1306: 1303: 1300: 1295: 1292: 1288: 1287: 1282: 1279: 1276: 1271: 1266: 1263: 1259: 1258: 1253: 1248: 1245: 1242: 1237: 1232: 1229: 1225: 1224: 1221: 1218: 1215: 1212: 1209: 1205: 1204: 1200: 1199: 1196: 1192: 1191: 1179: 1178: 1173: 1168: 1163: 1160: 1156: 1155: 1150: 1145: 1140: 1137: 1133: 1132: 1127: 1122: 1117: 1114: 1110: 1109: 1106: 1103: 1097: 1096: 1093: 1090: 1086: 1085: 1060:broken plurals 1054: 1053: 1048: 1042: 1041: 1036: 1031: 1025: 1024: 1019: 1014: 1008: 1007: 1004: 1001: 997: 996: 970: 967: 953: 950: 894: 881: 878: 859:Supposedly in 835: 834: 831: 830: 827: 819: 816: 810: 809: 804: 801: 798: 792: 791: 783: 778: 770: 764: 763: 755: 752: 744: 738: 737: 732: 727: 722: 715: 714: 711: 710: 708: 706: 704: 699: 697: 692: 690: 684: 683: 681: 676: 674: 672: 670: 665: 663: 657: 656: 654: 652: 650: 648: 646: 641: 636: 630: 629: 624: 622: 615: 613: 608: 600: 595: 589: 588: 586: 584: 574: 572: 570: 565: 563: 557: 556: 551: 549: 541: 539: 537: 529: 524: 518: 517: 512: 507: 502: 497: 492: 487: 482: 470: 467: 438:Besides their 435: 432: 350: 349: 346: 338: 337: 334: 301: 298: 296: 293: 247: 244: 185:, you may see 173: 172: 171: 168: 167: 162: 154: 153: 143: 135: 134: 133:Language codes 130: 129: 111: 107: 106: 101: 97:Writing system 94: 91: 90: 88: 87: 86: 85: 71: 69: 65: 64: 48: 44: 43: 40: 36: 35: 30: 26: 25: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4605: 4594: 4591: 4589: 4586: 4584: 4581: 4579: 4576: 4575: 4573: 4558: 4555: 4553: 4550: 4548: 4547: 4542: 4540: 4537: 4535: 4534: 4530: 4528: 4527: 4523: 4520: 4519:A Secret Vice 4516: 4515: 4513: 4509: 4503: 4500: 4498: 4495: 4493: 4490: 4488: 4485: 4483: 4480: 4478: 4475: 4473: 4470: 4467: 4463: 4459: 4456: 4455: 4453: 4449: 4443: 4440: 4438: 4435: 4433: 4430: 4429: 4427: 4425: 4421: 4415: 4412: 4410: 4407: 4405: 4402: 4400: 4397: 4395: 4392: 4391: 4389: 4385: 4377: 4376: 4372: 4371: 4370: 4367: 4363: 4360: 4358: 4355: 4353: 4352: 4348: 4347: 4346: 4343: 4342: 4340: 4338: 4334: 4330: 4323: 4318: 4316: 4311: 4309: 4304: 4303: 4300: 4293: 4290: 4288: 4285: 4283: 4280: 4279: 4269: 4267:0-395-71041-3 4263: 4259: 4255: 4254: 4249: 4245: 4241: 4237: 4235:0-395-45519-7 4231: 4227: 4223: 4222: 4217: 4213: 4209: 4205: 4199: 4195: 4191: 4190: 4185: 4181: 4177: 4173: 4169: 4165: 4161: 4160: 4155: 4154: 4149: 4145: 4141: 4137: 4133: 4129: 4128: 4123: 4122: 4117: 4113: 4109: 4103: 4099: 4095: 4094: 4089: 4085: 4074: 4070: 4066: 4063: 4059: 4055: 4049: 4045: 4041: 4039: 4034: 4030: 4029: 4017: 4013: 4008: 3992: 3988: 3984: 3980: 3974: 3966: 3962: 3961: 3956: 3950: 3943: 3938: 3936: 3927: 3925:9789197350013 3921: 3917: 3913: 3906: 3899: 3894: 3892: 3890: 3888: 3886: 3884: 3882: 3880: 3878: 3876: 3874: 3872: 3867: 3853: 3852: 3847: 3843: 3837: 3835: 3833: 3831: 3822: 3821: 3816: 3810: 3808: 3800: 3795: 3788: 3783: 3776: 3771: 3763: 3762: 3757: 3754:(July 1998). 3753: 3747: 3740: 3735: 3733: 3731: 3723: 3722:Tolkien 1954a 3718: 3711: 3706: 3699: 3694: 3690: 3673: 3671: 3667: 3664: 3662: 3658: 3657: 3653: 3651: 3647: 3644: 3642: 3638: 3637: 3633: 3631: 3627: 3624: 3622: 3618: 3617: 3613: 3611: 3607: 3604: 3602: 3598: 3597: 3593: 3591: 3587: 3584: 3582: 3578: 3577: 3573: 3571: 3567: 3565:cave, tunnel 3564: 3562: 3558: 3557: 3553: 3551: 3547: 3544: 3542: 3538: 3537: 3534: 3530: 3528: 3524: 3521: 3519: 3515: 3514: 3510: 3508: 3504: 3501: 3499: 3495: 3494: 3490: 3488: 3484: 3481: 3479: 3475: 3474: 3470: 3468: 3464: 3461: 3459: 3455: 3454: 3450: 3448: 3444: 3441: 3439: 3435: 3434: 3430: 3428: 3424: 3422:dale, valley 3421: 3419: 3415: 3414: 3410: 3408: 3404: 3401: 3399: 3395: 3394: 3390: 3388: 3384: 3381: 3379: 3375: 3374: 3370: 3368: 3364: 3361: 3359: 3355: 3354: 3350: 3348: 3344: 3341: 3339: 3335: 3334: 3330: 3328: 3324: 3322: 3318: 3316: 3312: 3311: 3308: 3304: 3303: 3297: 3295: 3291: 3289: 3285: 3283: 3279: 3278: 3274: 3272: 3268: 3265: 3263: 3259: 3258: 3254: 3252: 3248: 3246: 3242: 3240: 3236: 3235: 3230: 3222: 3220: 3216: 3213: 3211: 3207: 3206: 3203: 3199: 3198: 3192: 3190: 3186: 3183: 3181: 3177: 3176: 3173: 3169: 3167: 3163: 3160: 3158: 3154: 3153: 3149: 3146: 3143: 3140: 3139: 3134: 3131: 3123: 3121: 3117: 3106: 3104: 3103: 3099: 3096: 3094: 3093: 3089: 3088: 3084: 3082: 3081: 3077: 3074: 3072: 3071: 3067: 3066: 3062: 3060: 3059: 3055: 3052: 3050: 3049: 3045: 3044: 3040: 3038: 3037: 3033: 3030: 3028: 3027: 3023: 3022: 3018: 3016: 3015: 3011: 3008: 3006: 3005: 3001: 3000: 2996: 2994: 2993: 2989: 2986: 2984: 2983: 2979: 2978: 2974: 2972: 2971: 2970:turg* / tarĂąg 2967: 2964: 2962: 2961: 2957: 2956: 2952: 2950: 2949: 2945: 2942: 2940: 2939: 2935: 2934: 2930: 2928: 2927: 2923: 2920: 2918: 2917: 2913: 2912: 2908: 2906: 2905: 2901: 2898: 2896: 2895: 2891: 2890: 2886: 2884: 2883: 2879: 2876: 2874: 2873: 2869: 2868: 2864: 2862: 2861: 2860:sulĂ»n / salĂŽn 2857: 2854: 2852: 2851: 2847: 2846: 2842: 2840: 2839: 2835: 2832: 2830: 2829: 2825: 2824: 2821: 2818: 2816: 2815: 2811: 2808: 2806: 2805: 2801: 2800: 2796: 2794: 2793: 2789: 2786: 2784: 2783: 2779: 2778: 2774: 2772: 2771: 2767: 2764: 2762: 2761: 2757: 2756: 2752: 2750: 2749: 2745: 2742: 2740: 2739: 2735: 2734: 2730: 2728: 2727: 2723: 2720: 2718: 2717: 2713: 2712: 2708: 2704: 2702: 2701: 2697: 2694: 2692: 2691: 2687: 2686: 2682: 2680: 2679: 2675: 2672: 2670: 2669: 2665: 2664: 2660: 2658: 2657: 2653: 2650: 2648: 2647: 2643: 2642: 2638: 2636: 2635: 2631: 2628: 2626: 2625: 2621: 2620: 2616: 2614: 2613: 2609: 2606: 2604: 2603: 2599: 2598: 2595: 2592: 2590: 2589: 2585: 2582: 2580: 2579: 2575: 2574: 2570: 2568: 2567: 2563: 2560: 2558: 2557: 2553: 2552: 2548: 2545: 2542: 2539: 2538: 2535: 2519: 2518: 2513: 2511: 2510: 2509: 2504: 2501: 2499: 2498: 2494: 2493: 2489: 2487: 2486: 2482: 2479: 2477: 2476: 2475: 2470: 2469: 2465: 2461: 2459: 2458: 2454: 2451: 2449: 2448: 2447: 2442: 2441: 2437: 2435: 2434: 2430: 2427: 2423: 2421: 2420: 2416: 2415: 2411: 2409: 2408: 2404: 2401: 2399: 2398: 2394: 2393: 2389: 2387: 2386: 2382: 2379: 2376: 2374: 2373: 2369: 2368: 2364: 2362: 2361: 2357: 2354: 2352: 2351: 2347: 2346: 2342: 2338: 2336: 2335: 2331: 2328: 2326: 2325: 2321: 2320: 2316: 2312: 2310: 2309: 2305: 2303: 2299: 2297: 2296: 2292: 2291: 2287: 2285: 2284: 2280: 2277: 2273: 2269: 2267: 2266: 2262: 2261: 2257: 2255: 2254: 2250: 2247: 2243: 2241: 2240: 2236: 2235: 2231: 2227: 2225: 2224: 2220: 2217: 2216: 2211: 2209: 2208: 2204: 2203: 2199: 2197: 2196: 2192: 2189: 2188: 2183: 2181: 2180: 2179: 2174: 2173: 2169: 2167: 2166: 2162: 2159: 2155: 2151: 2149: 2148: 2147: 2142: 2141: 2137: 2134: 2132: 2131: 2127: 2124: 2120: 2118: 2117: 2116: 2111: 2110: 2106: 2104:Khuzdul names 2103: 2100: 2098:Khuzdul names 2097: 2096: 2093: 2074: 2073: 2068: 2065: 2064: 2060: 2057: 2056: 2052: 2049: 2048: 2044: 2043: 2042: 2028: 2025: 2021: 2018: 2014: 2013: 2009: 2006: 2005: 2000: 1997: 1993: 1990: 1986: 1985: 1981: 1976: 1975: 1970: 1967: 1963: 1960: 1956: 1955: 1951: 1948: 1947: 1942: 1939: 1935: 1932: 1928: 1927: 1923: 1922: 1917: 1914: 1910: 1907: 1903: 1902: 1898: 1897: 1894:River-course 1892: 1889: 1885: 1882: 1878: 1877: 1873: 1872: 1867: 1864: 1860: 1857: 1853: 1852: 1848: 1844: 1839: 1836: 1834: 1825: 1822: 1820: 1817: 1815: 1812: 1810: 1807: 1805: 1802: 1800: 1797: 1794: 1793: 1790: 1787: 1785: 1782: 1780: 1777: 1775: 1772: 1770: 1767: 1765: 1762: 1759: 1758: 1754: 1751: 1748: 1745: 1742: 1739: 1736: 1735: 1732:Hall: √TM(M) 1729:Root: √BZ(Z) 1723: 1722: 1717: 1714: 1712: 1708: 1699: 1696: 1694: 1691: 1688: 1685: 1683: 1680: 1678: 1675: 1672: 1669: 1668: 1665: 1662: 1660: 1657: 1654: 1651: 1649: 1646: 1644: 1641: 1638: 1635: 1634: 1631: 1628: 1625: 1622: 1620: 1617: 1615: 1612: 1609: 1606: 1605: 1602: 1599: 1597: 1592:Shadow / dim 1591: 1588: 1586: 1583: 1581: 1578: 1575: 1572: 1571: 1567: 1564: 1558: 1555: 1551: 1546: 1543: 1540: 1538: 1535: 1532: 1529: 1527: 1524: 1522: 1519: 1516: 1513: 1512: 1509: 1506: 1504: 1501: 1498: 1495: 1493: 1490: 1488: 1485: 1482: 1479: 1478: 1475: 1472: 1470: 1467: 1464: 1461: 1459: 1456: 1454: 1451: 1448: 1445: 1444: 1441: 1438: 1436: 1433: 1430: 1427: 1425: 1422: 1420: 1417: 1414: 1411: 1410: 1407: 1404: 1402: 1399: 1396: 1393: 1391: 1388: 1386: 1383: 1380: 1377: 1376: 1373: 1370: 1367: 1364: 1362: 1359: 1357: 1354: 1351: 1348: 1347: 1344: 1341: 1338: 1335: 1333: 1330: 1328: 1325: 1322: 1319: 1318: 1315: 1312: 1310: 1304: 1301: 1299: 1296: 1293: 1290: 1289: 1286: 1283: 1280: 1277: 1275: 1272: 1270: 1265:River-course 1264: 1261: 1260: 1257: 1254: 1252: 1246: 1243: 1241: 1238: 1236: 1233: 1230: 1227: 1226: 1222: 1219: 1213: 1210: 1206: 1201: 1193: 1188: 1185: 1177: 1174: 1172: 1169: 1167: 1164: 1161: 1158: 1157: 1154: 1151: 1149: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1138: 1135: 1134: 1131: 1128: 1126: 1123: 1121: 1118: 1115: 1112: 1111: 1107: 1104: 1099: 1098: 1091: 1087: 1082: 1079: 1077: 1073: 1069: 1065: 1061: 1052: 1049: 1047: 1044: 1043: 1040: 1035: 1032: 1030: 1027: 1026: 1023: 1020: 1018: 1015: 1013: 1010: 1009: 1005: 1002: 999: 998: 993: 990: 988: 984: 983:Baruk KhazĂąd! 980: 976: 966: 964: 960: 949: 947: 943: 939: 938: 932: 923: 919: 913: 908: 904: 903: 898: 892: 887: 877: 873: 862: 852: 850: 847:, as seen in 846: 845: 840: 828: 820: 817: 815: 812: 811: 805: 802: 799: 797: 794: 793: 784: 779: 771: 769: 766: 765: 756: 753: 745: 743: 740: 739: 736: 733: 731: 728: 726: 723: 721: 720: 717: 716: 709: 707: 705: 700: 698: 693: 691: 689: 686: 685: 682: 677: 675: 673: 671: 666: 664: 662: 659: 658: 655: 653: 651: 649: 647: 642: 637: 635: 632: 631: 625: 623: 616: 614: 609: 601: 596: 594: 591: 590: 587: 585: 575: 573: 571: 566: 564: 562: 559: 558: 552: 550: 542: 540: 538: 530: 525: 523: 520: 519: 516: 513: 511: 508: 506: 503: 501: 498: 496: 493: 491: 488: 486: 483: 480: 479: 476: 475: 474: 466: 462: 459: 455: 454: 449: 445: 444:sign language 441: 431: 428: 422: 416: 410: 403: 401: 397: 396: 391: 387: 383: 379: 375: 371: 367: 363: 359: 358: 347: 344: 340: 339: 335: 332: 328: 327: 323: 317: 315: 311: 307: 292: 288: 285: 281: 277: 273: 269: 265: 261: 260: 255: 254: 243: 241: 237: 233: 229: 225: 221: 217: 216:the languages 213: 209: 204: 196: 188: 184: 180: 178: 166: 163: 161: 160: 155: 147: 144: 141: 136: 131: 128: 124: 120: 116: 112: 108: 105: 102: 98: 92: 84: 81: 80: 79: 76: 75: 74: 70: 66: 62: 58: 57: 52: 49: 45: 41: 37: 34: 31: 27: 22: 19: 4545: 4539:Middle-earth 4531: 4524: 4502:Allan Turner 4465: 4461: 4403: 4399:Black Speech 4373: 4349: 4251: 4219: 4187: 4157: 4151: 4125: 4119: 4091: 4076:. Retrieved 4068: 4042:. New York: 4036: 4012:Tolkien 1987 4007: 3995:. Retrieved 3991:the original 3986: 3973: 3965:the original 3958: 3949: 3915: 3905: 3849: 3818: 3801:, Appendix E 3799:Tolkien 1955 3794: 3782: 3775:Tolkien 1977 3770: 3764:(39): 5, 10. 3759: 3746: 3739:Tolkien 1994 3717: 3705: 3693: 3669: 3660: 3649: 3640: 3629: 3620: 3609: 3600: 3589: 3580: 3569: 3560: 3554:staff (rod) 3549: 3540: 3532: 3526: 3517: 3506: 3497: 3486: 3477: 3466: 3457: 3446: 3437: 3426: 3417: 3406: 3397: 3386: 3377: 3371:Orc, Goblin 3366: 3357: 3346: 3337: 3326: 3320: 3314: 3306: 3301: 3299: 3293: 3287: 3281: 3270: 3261: 3250: 3244: 3238: 3218: 3209: 3201: 3196: 3194: 3188: 3179: 3171: 3165: 3156: 3150:Translation 3147:Khuzdul root 3141:Khuzdul root 3129: 3119: 3115: 3112: 3101: 3100: 3091: 3090: 3079: 3078: 3069: 3068: 3057: 3056: 3047: 3046: 3035: 3034: 3025: 3024: 3013: 3012: 3003: 3002: 2991: 2990: 2981: 2980: 2969: 2968: 2959: 2958: 2947: 2946: 2937: 2936: 2925: 2924: 2921:black, dark? 2916:dush / dĂ»sh? 2915: 2914: 2903: 2902: 2893: 2892: 2881: 2880: 2871: 2870: 2859: 2858: 2849: 2848: 2837: 2836: 2827: 2826: 2813: 2812: 2803: 2802: 2791: 2790: 2782:bark / baruk 2781: 2780: 2769: 2768: 2759: 2758: 2747: 2746: 2737: 2736: 2725: 2724: 2715: 2714: 2699: 2698: 2689: 2688: 2677: 2676: 2667: 2666: 2655: 2654: 2645: 2644: 2633: 2632: 2623: 2622: 2611: 2610: 2601: 2600: 2587: 2586: 2577: 2576: 2565: 2564: 2555: 2554: 2516: 2515: 2506: 2505: 2496: 2495: 2484: 2483: 2474:Kheled-zĂąram 2472: 2471: 2456: 2455: 2444: 2443: 2432: 2431: 2418: 2417: 2406: 2405: 2396: 2395: 2384: 2383: 2371: 2370: 2359: 2358: 2349: 2348: 2333: 2332: 2323: 2322: 2307: 2306: 2301: 2294: 2293: 2283:NulukkhizdĂźn 2282: 2281: 2275: 2274:. Origin of 2264: 2263: 2253:Nar(u)kuthĂ»n 2252: 2251: 2238: 2237: 2229: 2222: 2221: 2214: 2213: 2207:BundushathĂ»r 2206: 2205: 2194: 2193: 2186: 2185: 2176: 2175: 2164: 2163: 2157: 2153: 2144: 2143: 2129: 2128: 2122: 2113: 2112: 2107:Translation 2071: 2069: 2062: 2061: 2054: 2053: 2046: 2045: 2040: 2030:Cave (acc.) 2026: 2019: 2011: 2010: 2007:Verbal noun 1998: 1991: 1984:BundushathĂ»r 1983: 1982: 1968: 1961: 1953: 1952: 1949:Noun + adj. 1940: 1933: 1925: 1924: 1915: 1908: 1901:Kheled-zĂąram 1900: 1899: 1890: 1883: 1875: 1874: 1865: 1858: 1850: 1849: 1846:Adj. + noun 1832: 1830: 1823: 1818: 1813: 1808: 1803: 1798: 1788: 1783: 1778: 1773: 1768: 1763: 1755:Singulative 1710: 1706: 1704: 1697: 1692: 1681: 1676: 1663: 1658: 1647: 1642: 1629: 1618: 1613: 1600: 1595: 1584: 1579: 1576:Orc, goblin 1541: 1536: 1533:Lord, ruler 1525: 1520: 1507: 1502: 1491: 1486: 1473: 1468: 1457: 1452: 1439: 1434: 1423: 1418: 1405: 1400: 1389: 1384: 1371: 1360: 1355: 1342: 1331: 1326: 1313: 1308: 1297: 1284: 1273: 1268: 1255: 1250: 1239: 1234: 1182: 1175: 1170: 1165: 1152: 1147: 1142: 1129: 1124: 1119: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1057: 1050: 1045: 1038: 1033: 1028: 1021: 1016: 1011: 986: 982: 972: 955: 941: 935: 928: 911: 900: 874: 860: 853: 848: 843: 842: 836: 495:Postalveolar 472: 463: 457: 451: 447: 439: 437: 427:BundushathĂ»r 404: 393: 365: 355: 353: 305: 303: 289: 270:, featuring 266:, primarily 257: 251: 249: 234:, primarily 220:Middle-earth 194: 193: 174: 164: 157: 145: 82: 54: 51:Middle-earth 18: 4078:23 November 4069:Ardalambion 3674:pool, lake 3533:Uruktharbun 3502:hew, hewer 3288:Uruktharbun 3144:Translation 3063:pool, lake 2726:mĂȘn* / mĂȘnu 2433:Uruktharbun 2350:Gamil Zirak 2324:Gabilgathol 2308:Sigin-tarĂąg 2195:Narag-zĂąram 2146:Azanulbizar 2101:Translation 2012:Felak-gundu 1965:Spike, tine 1926:Sigin-tarĂąg 1833:sigin-tarĂąg 1749:Singulative 1743:Singulative 1294:Pool, lake 1070:"axe", and 1051:Khazad-dĂ»mu 1000:Nominative 688:Approximant 210:created by 4572:Categories 4492:David Salo 4487:Tom Loback 4256:. Boston: 4224:. Boston: 4192:. Boston: 4162:. Boston: 4130:. Boston: 3898:Fauskanger 3681:References 3116:Tumunzahar 2820:Orc / Orcs 2787:axe / axes 2646:‘iglishmĂȘk 2602:‘aya, ‘ai- 2508:Zirakzigil 2485:Zirakinbar 2464:Silverlode 2446:Khazad-dĂ»m 2426:Silverlode 2419:Kibil-nĂąla 2407:Udushinbar 2385:Tumunzahar 2265:Felakgundu 2246:Silverlode 2178:Barazinbar 2016:Cave-hewer 1988:Cloudyhead 1958:Silvertine 1954:Zirakzigil 1930:Longbeards 1905:Mirrormere 1880:Silverlode 1876:Kibil-nĂąla 1851:Barazinbar 1752:Collective 1746:Collective 1740:Collective 1100:Abs. & 1046:Khazad-dĂ»m 987:Khazad-dĂ»m 421:Zirakzigil 415:Barazinbar 409:Khazad-dĂ»m 280:morphology 253:The Hobbit 199:pronounced 125:and other 123:morphology 4451:Linguists 4172:519647821 4118:(1954a). 4098:Routledge 3862:Secondary 3854:(48): 24. 3823:(17): 85. 3585:fortress 3307:Zigil-nĂąd 3202:Zigil-nĂąd 2926:tum / tĂ»m 2894:dĂ»m / tĂ»m 2850:buz / bĂ»z 2629:dark, dim 2520:'Spike'. 2457:Zigil-nĂąd 2334:Sharbhund 2239:Buzundush 2218:'Clouds'. 1795:Construct 1705:The word 1526:TĂ»m / dĂ»m 1352:Fortress 1203:Singular 1195:Absolute 905:style on 899:runes in 839:diphthong 837:Only one 768:Close-mid 593:Fricative 469:Phonology 448:iglishmĂȘk 434:IglishmĂȘk 276:phonology 228:phonology 214:, one of 159:Glottolog 140:ISO 639-3 119:phonology 4369:Sindarin 4246:(1994). 4214:(1987). 4182:(1977). 4150:(1955). 3997:21 April 3960:BBC Four 3614:hollow? 3245:Gundabad 3161:streams 3114:Seen in 3041:hollow? 3031:fortress 2965:hew rock 2700:mazarbul 2556:-Ăąb / -b 2549:Meaning 2372:Gundabad 2341:Sindarin 2276:Felagund 2125:, ch. 20 1760:Absolute 1673:Gesture 1089:Template 796:Open-mid 490:Alveolar 4533:Lhammas 4511:Related 4442:Tengwar 4424:Scripts 4414:Westron 4409:Valarin 4404:Khuzdul 4394:AdĂ»naic 4351:NamĂĄriĂ« 4250:(ed.). 4218:(ed.). 4186:(ed.). 4140:9552942 4026:Sources 4016:Lhammas 3686:Primary 3462:valley 3321:AzaghĂąl 3172:AzaghĂąl 2909:clouds 2904:shathĂ»r 2695:streams 2612:Khuzdul 2546:Khuzdul 2543:Meaning 2540:Khuzdul 2360:TharkĂ»n 2295:GabilĂąn 2215:ShathĂ»r 2115:AzaghĂąl 2080:Lexicon 2002:Clouds 1999:ShathĂ»r 1979:+ adj. 1944:Beards 1855:Redhorn 1682:‘ishmĂȘk 1648:ShathĂ»r 1565:Pattern 1556:Pattern 1548:Plural 1499:Valley 1368:Hollow 1220:Pattern 1211:Pattern 1116:Meaning 1108:Const. 1076:Khuzdul 1039:Khuzdul 959:AdĂ»naic 952:Grammar 880:Writing 861:AzaghĂąl 849:ai-mĂȘnu 829:  730:Central 522:Plosive 515:Glottal 500:Palatal 481:  370:OromĂ«an 357:Lhammas 306:KhuzdĂ»l 284:Dwarves 238:, with 224:Dwarves 206:) is a 195:Khuzdul 110:Sources 83:Khuzdul 68:Purpose 61:Dwarves 42:c. 1935 24:Khuzdul 4437:Sarati 4345:Quenya 4264:  4232:  4200:  4170:  4138:  4104:  4050:  3922:  3712:, #176 3700:, #176 3665:Dwarf 3654:spike 3605:hill? 3531:??? - 3511:beard 3471:cloud 3451:bald? 3351:black 3319:??? - 3286:??? - 3243:??? - 3170:??? - 3107:spike 3026:gathol 2887:bald? 2877:valley 2797:black 2716:‘uzbad 2678:mazarb 2668:‘inbar 2578:‘aglĂąb 2566:kheled 2302:Gelion 2272:Finrod 2223:NargĂ»n 2190:'Red'. 2027:Gund-u 1992:Bund-u 1912:Mirror 1909:Kheled 1789:TumĂ»n* 1779:BuzĂ»n* 1737:Number 1677:‘iCCĂȘC 1639:Cloud 1636:√ShThR 1630:Khazad 1626:Dwarf 1585:RakhĂąs 1542:‘uzbad 1537:‘uCCaC 1483:Dwarf 1458:‘inbar 1453:‘iCCaC 1440:Kheled 1381:Hewer 1361:Gathol 1339:Black 1323:Black 1285:Thark- 1281:Staff 1247:Black 1176:Rakhas 1171:RakhĂąs 1153:Khazad 1148:KhazĂąd 1139:Dwarf 1102:Const. 1072:KhazĂąd 1034:Khuzdu 1006:Nisba 995:Title 963:Quenya 946:Erebor 818:  803:  800:  754:  510:Uvular 485:Labial 378:Quenya 366:AulĂ«an 322:corpus 268:Hebrew 236:Hebrew 115:Hebrew 4432:Cirth 3789:, #31 3574:lord 3467:ShThR 3391:long 3362:head 3275:horn 3102:zirak 3097:hill? 3080:zigil 3070:gunud 3058:zĂąram 3036:zahar 3004:gamil 2987:great 2982:gabil 2960:felek 2938:felak 2882:sharb 2872:duban 2855:root? 2843:long 2838:sigin 2792:narĂąg 2770:nĂąla’ 2760:baraz 2634:kibil 2624:‘azan 2527:Words 2517:Zirak 2315:Durin 2187:Baraz 2130:Mahal 2063:Gunud 2055:Felek 2047:Felak 2037:Verbs 2023:Hewer 2020:Felak 1969:Zigil 1962:Zirak 1941:TarĂąg 1934:Sigin 1919:Lake 1916:ZĂąram 1884:Kibil 1869:Horn 1866:Inbar 1859:Baraz 1824:Tumun 1814:Buzun 1804:CuCun 1769:CuCĂ»n 1707:baruk 1698:Sigin 1693:CiCiC 1689:Long 1670:√ShMK 1664:Baruk 1659:CaCuC 1643:CaCĂ»C 1623:√KhZD 1619:Baruk 1614:CaCuC 1601:‘azan 1596:CaCaC 1580:CaCĂąC 1573:√RKhS 1568:Word 1562:Root 1559:Word 1553:Root 1517:Hall 1508:Duban 1503:CuCaC 1492:Khuzd 1480:√KhZD 1474:Kibil 1469:CiCiC 1449:Horn 1435:CeCeC 1428:√KhLD 1424:Zirak 1419:CiCaC 1406:Gabil 1401:CaCiC 1390:Felak 1385:CeCaC 1372:Zahar 1356:CaCoC 1349:√GThL 1343:Narag 1332:NarĂąg 1327:CaCĂąC 1314:Baraz 1309:CaCaC 1298:ZĂąram 1278:√ThRK 1274:NĂąla’ 1269:CĂąCaC 1256:Narg- 1223:Word 1217:Root 1214:Word 1208:Root 1166:Rukhs 1159:√RKhS 1143:Khuzd 1136:√KhZD 1130:CaCaC 1125:CaCĂąC 1064:baruk 1029:Khuzd 931:Cirth 922:Moria 918:Balin 907:Balin 897:Cirth 886:Cirth 742:Close 725:Front 661:Trill 634:Nasal 505:Velar 458:aglĂąb 446:, or 440:aglĂąb 390:OromĂ« 374:Elves 314:Moria 310:Balin 104:Cirth 4262:ISBN 4230:ISBN 4198:ISBN 4168:OCLC 4136:OCLC 4102:ISBN 4080:2018 4048:ISBN 3999:2017 3920:ISBN 3661:KhZD 3641:KhLD 3581:GThL 3550:ThRK 3527:ThRB 3447:ShRB 3427:ShMK 3402:red 3382:axe 3367:RKhS 3298:see 3193:see 3092:hund 3048:gund 3009:old? 2833:head 2828:bund 2738:‘uzn 2721:lord 2673:horn 2607:upon 2497:KhĂźm 2397:Ibun 2136:AulĂ« 1937:Long 1891:NĂąla 1819:Tum* 1809:Buz* 1784:TĂ»m* 1774:BĂ»z* 1711:bark 1686:√SGN 1655:Axe 1652:√BRK 1610:Axe 1607:√BRK 1589:√ʔZN 1530:√ZBD 1496:√DBN 1487:CuCC 1462:√KBL 1446:√NBR 1412:√ZRK 1394:√GBL 1378:√FLK 1365:√ZHR 1336:√NRG 1320:√NRG 1305:Red 1302:√BRZ 1291:√ZRM 1262:√NLʔ 1251:CaCC 1244:√NRG 1240:Bark 1235:CaCC 1231:Axe 1228:√BRK 1162:Orc 1120:CuCC 1113:Root 1105:Abs. 1095:Pl. 1092:Sg. 1068:bark 814:Open 735:Back 424:and 386:Vala 382:AulĂ« 278:and 165:None 146:None 121:and 39:Date 3670:ZRM 3650:ZRK 3630:ZRB 3621:KBL 3610:ZHR 3601:HND 3590:ZGL 3570:ZBD 3561:GND 3541:GML 3518:GBL 3507:TRG 3498:FLK 3487:TMM 3478:DMM 3458:DBN 3438:BZZ 3418:BZR 3407:SLN 3398:BRZ 3387:SGN 3378:BRK 3358:BND 3347:NRG 3338:ʔZN 3327:NLʔ 3315:ʔZG 3302:NLʔ 3294:NDD 3282:ʔRK 3271:NBR 3262:ʔGL 3251:MHL 3239:ʔBD 3210:DSh 3197:NLʔ 3014:-ul 2765:red 2690:â€˜Ă»l 2656:ma- 2165:MĂźm 2156:or 1862:Red 1799:CuC 1764:CĂ»C 1521:CĂ»C 1022:-ul 668:(r) 430:." 230:on 218:of 150:mis 117:in 4574:: 4464:, 4260:. 4228:. 4196:. 4166:. 4156:. 4134:. 4124:. 4096:. 4071:. 4067:. 4046:. 3985:. 3957:. 3934:^ 3870:^ 3829:^ 3806:^ 3729:^ 3305:- 3219:TM 3200:- 3189:ND 3180:DM 3166:HL 3157:ʔL 2992:-u 2709:) 2466:. 2343:. 2317:. 2232:. 1078:. 1017:-u 1012:-Ăž 965:. 851:. 844:ai 825:aː 789:oː 776:eː 761:uː 750:iː 621:) 583:) 581:ÉĄÊ° 577:kÊ° 568:tÊ° 402:. 4521:" 4517:" 4468:) 4460:( 4321:e 4314:t 4307:v 4270:. 4238:. 4206:. 4174:. 4142:. 4110:. 4082:. 4056:. 4018:" 4001:. 3928:. 3900:. 3668:√ 3659:√ 3648:√ 3639:√ 3628:√ 3619:√ 3608:√ 3599:√ 3588:√ 3579:√ 3568:√ 3559:√ 3548:√ 3539:√ 3525:√ 3516:√ 3505:√ 3496:√ 3485:√ 3476:√ 3465:√ 3456:√ 3445:√ 3436:√ 3425:√ 3416:√ 3405:√ 3396:√ 3385:√ 3376:√ 3365:√ 3356:√ 3345:√ 3336:√ 3325:√ 3313:√ 3300:√ 3292:√ 3280:√ 3269:√ 3260:√ 3249:√ 3237:√ 3217:√ 3208:√ 3195:√ 3187:√ 3178:√ 3164:√ 3155:√ 2428:. 2380:. 2278:. 2248:. 2160:. 2070:√ 924:" 916:" 914:, 822:a 807:ʌ 786:o 781:ə 773:e 758:u 747:i 702:j 695:l 679:ʀ 644:n 639:m 627:h 619:ÉŁ 617:( 611:ʃ 606:z 603:s 598:f 579:( 554:ʔ 547:ÉĄ 544:k 535:d 532:t 527:b 197:( 189:. 179:. 152:) 148:( 63:.

Index

J. R. R. Tolkien
Middle-earth
The Lord of the Rings
Dwarves
constructed languages
artistic languages
Writing system
Cirth
Hebrew
phonology
morphology
Semitic Languages
ISO 639-3
Glottolog
special characters
rendering support
question marks, boxes, or other symbols
[kʰuzˈdul]
fictional language
J. R. R. Tolkien
the languages
Middle-earth
Dwarves
phonology
Semitic languages
Hebrew
triconsonantal roots
The Hobbit
The Silmarillion
Semitic languages

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

↑