66:
54:
199:
has much lower intensity than in other regionsâthe mean annual rainfall in Nakhon
Ratchasima is about 1,150 millimetres (45 in), compared with 1,500 millimetres (59 in) in central Thailand. The difference between the dry and wet seasons is much greater, which makes the area less optimal for
147:
into two basins: the northern Sakhon Nakhon Basin, and the southern Khorat Basin. The plateau tilts from its northwestern corner where it is about 213 metres (699 ft) above sea level to the southeast where the elevation is only about 62 metres (203 ft). Except for a few hills in the
405:
stated, "...we remain largely unaware of the relationships between sites and the presence or otherwise of states on the Khorat plateau" during the 7th to 11th centuries. Muang Sema and Muang Fa Daet are notable though for their religious structures, including
422:, but the plateau seems to have been largely depopulated following this period and a long series of droughts during 13thâ15th centuries. The Lao settlements were found only along the banks of the Mekong River and in the wetter northern areas such as
468:. The arid hinterlands, deforested and depopulated after a series of droughts likely led to the collapse of the Khmer Empire, was only occupied by small groups of Austroasiatic peoples and scattered outposts of Lao
143:
The average elevation is 200 metres (660 ft) and it covers an area of about 155,000 square kilometres (60,000 sq mi). The saucer-shaped plateau is divided by a range of hills called the
362:
in Europe and the rest of the world. The site appears to have once been part of a broader culture, until abandoned c. 200 CE, not to be resettled until the early-19th century. None Nok Tha in the
456:) (1637-1694) ended with a successional dispute, with his grandsons, with Siamese intervention, carving out their separate kingdoms in 1707. From its ashes arose the kingdoms of
434:, with most of the population inhabiting the wetter left banks. This began to change when the golden age of Lao prosperity and cultural achievements under King
652:
148:
northeastern corner, the region is primarily gently undulating land, most of it varying in elevation from 90â180 metres (300â590 ft), tilting from the
758:
435:
323:
Series, characterized by a pale yellow to brown color, developed in midlands in processes still under investigation, as are those forming
625:
737:
534:
381:. It is dotted with the ruins of Khmer rest houses positioned about 25 kilometres (16 mi) apart, a comfortable day's
562:
718:
690:
807:
660:
706:
402:
17:
797:
713:. Vol. 9: Population, Land and Structural Change in Sri Lanka and Thailand. Leiden: Brill. p. 47.
265:, and layers that can easily be cut into brick-shaped blocks are still so called, but the classification of
65:
453:
316:
108:
457:
320:
423:
177:
53:
185:
707:"In Search of Land: Village Formation in the Central Chi River Valley, Northeastern Thailand"
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making beginning c. 2000 BCE, but lacking evidence of weaponry so often associated with the
496:
484:
465:
461:
340:
290:
235:
173:
149:
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of Khon Kaen yielded evidence of an Iron Age settlement dating from about 1420 to 50 BCE.
8:
744:
570:
National
Conference on "Geologic Resources of Thailand: Potential for Future Development"
348:
305:
221:
629:
431:
419:
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205:
181:
144:
714:
686:
594:
278:
258:
132:
344:
192:
169:
750:
595:"Landform Development and Bioturbation on the Khorat Plateau, Northeast Thailand"
513:
488:
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valleyâand in fact anywhere in the interior of the Khorat
Plateauâwas founded at
254:
581:...latest Pleistocene early to the Recent regional uplifting must have occurred.
128:
44:
293:
in a great semicircle around the southern rim. These soils overlie associated
188:
in the south, all of which historically made access to the plateau difficult.
802:
791:
773:
760:
533:
Keyes, Charles F (March 1967). "Isan: Regionalism in
Northeastern Thailand".
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274:
247:
740:: A selection of articles related to Khorat Plateau from Global Oneness.
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that forms the northeastern boundary of the area. It is separated from
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There is a paucity of information from the centuries known as the
492:
394:
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196:
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135:, a historical barrier controlling access to and from the area.
355:
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sites are found on the plateau, with some bronze relics of the
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in the northeast catch a lot of the rainfall, so the southwest
165:
751:
Southeastern Asia: Northeastern
Thailand, extending into Laos
476:
398:
354:
archaeological site, discovered in 1966, yielded evidence of
231:
261:. Much of the surface of the plateau was once classified as
301:
281:
soils, formed under humid tropical conditions in the early
266:
209:
201:
124:
285:. When portions of the plain uplifted as a plateau, these
542:. Ithaca: Department of Asian Studies, Cornell University
536:
Cornell
Thailand Project; Interim Reports Series, No. 10
289:
soils, characterized by a bright red color, wound up on
439:
626:"Ban Chiang, Thailand Bronze Age Village and Cemetery"
389:. These were not just places of repose, but also were
561:
Bunopas, Sangad; Vella, Paul (17â24 November 1992).
653:"Thailand's Ancient Civilizations, Isaan Heartland"
277:. Oxisols of the type called rhodic ferralsols, or
563:"Geotectonics and Geologic Evolution of Thailand"
789:
704:
745:Northern Khorat Plateau moist deciduous forests
311:, in a prolonged and still on-going process of
592:
599:Natural History Bulletin of the Siam Society
560:
700:
698:
623:
526:
448:
491:, by an official in the service of King
695:
230:The plateau uplifted from an extensive
14:
790:
572:. Bangkok. p. 224. Archived from
675:
532:
472:in the far north. In 1718, the first
593:Lofjle, E; Kubiniok, Jochen (1996).
24:
685:, Bangkok: River Books Co., Ltd.,
650:
191:These mountains together with the
70:A map of the Khorat Plateau region
25:
819:
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156:. The plateau is drained by the
131:, named after the short form of
64:
52:
257:, approximately Year 1 of the
58:Landscape of the Khorat Plateau
711:Contributions to Asian studies
644:
617:
586:
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369:The region was once under the
334:
13:
1:
683:Early Mainland Southeast Asia
519:
377:Kingdom, and later under the
315:. Xanthic ferralsols of the
347:having been discovered. The
234:composed of remnants of the
184:in the southwest and by the
152:in the west down toward the
138:
7:
628:. About.com. Archived from
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397:, and typically included a
10:
824:
657:Your Guide to Thai Culture
440:
413:
327:soils resembling European
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27:Natural region in Thailand
705:Charles F. Keyes (1976).
449:
104:
85:
75:
63:
51:
42:
32:
709:. In Brow, James (ed.).
236:Cimmerian microcontinent
178:Dong Phaya Yen Mountains
89:200 m (700 ft)
808:Natural regions of Asia
464:and later in 1713, the
208:was once exceptionally
204:. The portion known as
401:(pond). Archaeologist
127:. The plateau forms a
246:, either late in the
226:Phu Kradung Formation
220:Further information:
164:, tributaries to the
798:Plateaus of Thailand
497:Kingdom of Champasak
485:Suwannaphum District
341:prehistoric Thailand
269:as various types of
174:Phetchabun Mountains
150:Phetchabun Mountains
119:in the northeastern
770: /
579:on 20 August 2011.
273:is more useful for
222:Nam Phong Formation
774:15.667°N 103.167°E
681:Higham, C., 2014,
632:on 6 December 2010
420:Post-Angkor Period
410:at Muang Fa Daet.
364:Phu Wiang District
206:Tung Kula Rong Hai
182:Sankamphaeng Range
145:Phu Phan Mountains
487:, in present-day
259:Holocene calendar
244:ShanâThai Terrane
186:DÃĒngrÊk Mountains
180:in the west, the
133:Nakhon Ratchasima
109:Northeastern Thai
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16:(Redirected from
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743:Global Species:
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659:. Archived from
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345:Dong Son culture
250:or early in the
193:Truong Son Range
170:central Thailand
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779:15.667; 103.167
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663:on 3 March 2016
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514:History of Isan
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489:Roi Et Province
458:Louang Phrabang
424:Nong Bua Lamphu
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738:Khorat Plateau
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732:External links
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454:/sÚlÄŦÉēÄĘÃģÅsĮË/
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403:Charles Higham
387:Khmer highways
349:World Heritage
336:
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217:
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129:natural region
113:āļāļĩāđāļŪāļēāļāļŠāļđāļāđāļāļĢāļēāļ
105:āļāļĩāđāļĢāļēāļāļŠāļđāļāđāļāļĢāļēāļ
97:Khorat Plateau
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37:āļāļĩāđāļĢāļēāļāļŠāļđāļāđāļāļĢāļēāļ
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34:Khorat Plateau
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18:Khorat plateau
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665:. Retrieved
661:the original
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634:. Retrieved
630:the original
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607:. Retrieved
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574:the original
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544:. Retrieved
535:
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469:
445:Suriyawongsa
444:
417:
385:, along the
379:Khmer Empire
368:
338:
313:bioturbation
242:such as the
229:
190:
154:Mekong River
142:
96:
94:
777: /
450:āšŠāšļāšĢāšīāšāš°āš§āšŧāšāšŠāšē
408:sema stones
335:Archaeology
329:brown soils
300:cleared of
275:agriculture
248:Pleistocene
792:Categories
520:References
371:suzerainty
360:Bronze Age
352:Ban Chiang
162:Chi Rivers
123:region of
605:: 199â216
546:16 August
466:Champasak
462:Vientiane
441:āļŠāļļāļĢāļīāļĒāļ§āļāļĻāļē
432:Nong Khai
395:libraries
375:Dvaravati
139:Geography
86:Elevation
765:103°10âēE
509:Bai sema
503:See also
391:hospices
309:termites
298:horizons
283:Tertiary
279:Yasothon
263:laterite
252:Holocene
240:terranes
176:and the
80:Thailand
762:15°40âēN
667:2 April
609:2 April
495:of the
493:Nokasad
479:in the
414:History
373:of the
325:lowland
291:uplands
271:oxisols
216:Geology
197:monsoon
172:by the
117:plateau
115:) is a
76:Country
717:
689:
636:28 Dec
470:mueang
356:bronze
317:Khorat
295:gravel
287:relict
238:, and
166:Mekong
749:WWF:
577:(PDF)
566:(PDF)
540:(PDF)
477:muang
399:baray
339:Many
306:field
267:soils
255:Epoch
232:plain
803:Isan
715:ISBN
687:ISBN
669:2016
638:2010
611:2016
548:2019
428:Loei
393:and
383:walk
321:Ubon
319:and
302:sand
224:and
210:arid
202:rice
160:and
125:Isan
121:Thai
101:Thai
95:The
481:Chi
474:Lao
304:by
158:Mun
794::
697:^
655:.
603:44
601:.
597:.
568:.
499:.
460:,
447:,
430:,
426:,
331:.
212:.
111::
107:;
103::
723:.
671:.
640:.
613:.
550:.
438:(
99:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
