374:
714:
521:
290:
360:
615:
493:
786:
346:
507:
913:
871:
672:
332:
587:
814:
828:
742:
464:
800:
403:
771:
559:
686:
943:
573:
304:
728:
756:
435:
388:
601:
842:
885:
545:
928:
857:
419:
449:
658:
318:
630:
2829:
479:
899:
1267:
644:
29:
276:
700:
520:
90:
No original example of a khepresh has yet been found. Based on ancient artistic representations, some
Egyptologists have speculated that the khepresh was made of leather or stiffened cloth covered with a precise arrangement of hundreds of sequins, discs, bosses, or rings. Given that the
99:(white crown) were apparently woven of some sort of plant fiber, the circles or rings decorating ancient artistic representations of the khepresh may instead indicate the regular array of hexagonal holes in an open triaxial weave. As with many other royal crowns, a
614:
214:, pharaohs were shown with this crown in military circumstances. However, some scholars think that the crown was also meant to evoke the divine power of the pharaoh, and was thereby worn to religiously situate kings as manifestations of gods on earth.
373:
713:
87:
are often depicted wearing it in battle, but it was also frequently worn in ceremonies. While it was once called the war crown by many, modern historians refrain from characterizing it thus.
289:
402:
1188:
359:
345:
785:
2864:
492:
506:
1181:
870:
912:
1174:
2319:
122:
1075:
1256:
586:
2734:
1291:
671:
331:
196:
177:
1211:
2699:
2694:
2449:
1301:
813:
741:
233:. This crown continued to evolve during the early Eighteenth Dynasty, attaining its best-known form in the reigns of
2854:
2742:
1646:
827:
245:'s reign – and particularly during the 18th and 19th Dynasties – it came into fashion and was even adopted by some
755:
2639:
1286:
1216:
799:
770:
1681:
418:
1306:
1241:
257:
253:
942:
841:
463:
558:
2684:
1251:
685:
572:
226:
303:
2859:
2709:
1221:
727:
387:
2752:
2724:
1197:
409:
434:
2679:
1331:
2534:
791:
448:
600:
2704:
2484:
2469:
2285:
2208:
1486:
1321:
229:, show a headdress that is taller than the cap crown and more angular than later forms of the
927:
884:
833:
819:
805:
544:
2833:
856:
847:
211:
140:
81:
51:
8:
2439:
2255:
2243:
862:
761:
1078:[King Senaaib's CG 20517 stela: A study of the problems for its interpretation]
1076:"La estela CG 20517 del rey Senaaib: un estudio de los problemas para su interpretación"
2652:
2419:
1671:
1436:
1236:
1118:
Bryan, Betsy. "A 'New' Statue of
Amenhotep III and the Meaning of the Khepresh Crown."
629:
531:
317:
657:
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2669:
2589:
2023:
1576:
1340:
1311:
1101:
1096:
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1091:
898:
478:
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2133:
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1373:
1316:
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776:
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69:
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1383:
173:
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2108:
1828:
1611:
1481:
1421:
1105:
527:
379:
337:
261:
242:
181:
47:
1166:
1120:
The
Archaeology and Art of Ancient Egypt: Studies in Honor of David O'Connor
2767:
2757:
2747:
2714:
2689:
2604:
2544:
2539:
2524:
2509:
2434:
2388:
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1983:
1863:
1803:
1551:
1476:
1455:
747:
620:
578:
469:
365:
351:
238:
180:. In this and other examples from the same era, the word is written with a
2793:
2624:
1928:
1771:
1601:
1571:
1566:
1431:
1281:
1246:
733:
635:
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309:
184:
that represents the cap crown, a lower and less elaborate type of crown.
699:
275:
2788:
2629:
2474:
2357:
2300:
2138:
1948:
1813:
1751:
1726:
1616:
1047:
Edwards, Iorwerth Eiddon
Stephen; Nicholas Geoffrey Lemprière Hammond,
691:
649:
323:
234:
2599:
2579:
2514:
2352:
2250:
2233:
2188:
2178:
2128:
2098:
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2003:
1958:
1953:
1721:
1363:
1231:
876:
677:
564:
550:
535:
425:
394:
200:
199:. The stela shows him wearing the Khepresh crown and adoring the god
256:(747 to 656 BCE). However, depictions of the crowns returned in the
172:
is on the stela Cairo JE 59635 which dates to the reign of pharaoh
2798:
2393:
2295:
2280:
1998:
1993:
1913:
1848:
1838:
1756:
1706:
1541:
1416:
904:
890:
484:
295:
222:
1266:
2813:
2783:
2614:
2584:
2574:
2489:
2398:
2337:
2223:
2218:
2153:
2148:
2118:
2063:
2013:
1988:
1853:
1823:
1818:
1716:
1581:
1516:
1491:
989:
971:
455:
246:
92:
84:
2647:
2594:
2519:
2424:
2367:
2362:
2305:
2290:
2275:
2198:
2183:
2163:
2158:
2103:
2088:
2068:
2033:
1963:
1938:
1918:
1908:
1898:
1883:
1873:
1868:
1736:
1711:
1701:
1636:
1621:
1606:
1536:
1531:
1506:
1501:
1441:
1426:
1393:
1378:
1368:
1358:
1353:
977:
966:
948:
705:
663:
498:
281:
192:
100:
96:
160:
The Blue Crown, or War Crown, was represented in hieroglyphs.
2569:
2559:
2554:
2529:
2238:
2203:
2193:
2143:
2113:
2058:
2043:
2018:
2008:
1968:
1943:
1933:
1923:
1878:
1833:
1788:
1766:
1761:
1746:
1741:
1731:
1656:
1626:
1526:
1521:
1496:
983:
933:
719:
28:
2609:
2564:
2494:
2464:
2459:
2429:
2414:
2383:
2332:
2327:
2265:
2228:
2168:
2048:
1903:
1586:
1561:
1546:
1511:
1471:
1411:
1401:
1348:
1226:
962:
918:
191:
is on the stela Cairo CG 20517 which dates to the reign of
1973:
1808:
1798:
1793:
1631:
1406:
2078:
1122:, ed. Z. Hawass and J. Richards. Cairo, 2007, p. 156-8.
530:(recarved as Ramesses II) wearing the khepresh crown.
408:
Wooden standing statue of
Akhenaten. Currently in the
103:(cobra) was hooked to the front of the khepresh.
2846:
1146:Encyclopedia of the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt
1131:Davies, W. V., " The Origin of the Blue Crown",
1196:
1182:
163:
1189:
1175:
27:
2865:Egyptian hieroglyphs: crowns-dress-staves
1095:
992:– Double Crown of Lower & Upper Egypt
1055:, Cambridge University Press 1975, p.51
252:The crown was not seen depicted in the
2847:
1023:The Ancient Near East: C.3000–330 B.C.
965:– Crown with feathers identified with
1170:
1161:, Oxford University Press 2003, p.348
1073:
1012:, Cornell University Press 2004, p.14
1036:Early Civilizations of the Old World
187:The earliest known depiction of the
1159:The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt
1133:The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology
13:
1025:, Taylor & Francis 1995, p.190
168:The earliest known mention of the
14:
2876:
2700:Enigmatic Book of the Netherworld
2695:The Contendings of Horus and Seth
33:Khepresh, the blue crown of Egypt
2827:
2743:Beautiful Festival of the Valley
1265:
1097:10.34096/arqueologia.t26.n3.8451
1074:Salem, Leila (30 October 2020).
986:- striped head-dress of pharaohs
941:
926:
911:
897:
883:
869:
855:
840:
826:
812:
798:
784:
769:
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684:
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585:
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557:
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417:
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386:
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344:
330:
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302:
288:
274:
1151:
1064:Cairo, Egyptian Museum CG 20517
1138:
1125:
1112:
1067:
1058:
1041:
1028:
1015:
1002:
264:are also depicted wearing it.
205:
1:
1135:, volume 68 (1982), pp. 69–74
1053:The Cambridge Ancient History
996:
258:Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt
980:– White Crown of Upper Egypt
7:
2685:Book of Traversing Eternity
956:
10:
2881:
2710:Litany of the Eye of Horus
1263:
974:– Red Crown of Lower Egypt
267:
197:Second Intermediate Period
178:Second Intermediate Period
164:Second Intermediate Period
114:
106:
72:. It is also known as the
2822:
2776:
2753:Coronation of the pharaoh
2733:
2725:Spell of the Twelve Caves
2638:
2448:
2407:
2376:
2318:
1462:
1450:
1392:
1339:
1330:
1274:
1204:
1198:Ancient Egyptian religion
410:Egyptian Museum of Berlin
43:
38:
26:
21:
2834:Ancient Egypt portal
2680:Book of the Heavenly Cow
1034:Maisels, Charles Keith,
70:Egyptian royal headdress
16:Egyptian royal headdress
2855:Egyptian artefact types
2535:Horus on the Crocodiles
1148:, Routledge 1999, p.412
1008:e.g. Myśliwiec, Karol,
2705:Great Hymn to the Aten
2485:Crown of justification
2209:Souls of Pe and Nekhen
1487:Amenhotep, son of Hapu
1322:Veneration of the dead
1086:(in Mexican Spanish).
1038:, Routledge 2001, p.60
877:Ptolemy XV (Caesarion)
1307:Opening of the mouth
260:. Some of the early
249:as a primary crown.
225:, first king of the
2440:The Indestructibles
2244:Hermes Trismegistus
1144:Bard, Katheryn A.,
762:Alexander the Great
2653:Books of Breathing
1672:Four sons of Horus
532:Walters Art Museum
526:This statue shows
227:Eighteenth Dynasty
221:from the reign of
2860:Crowns (headgear)
2842:
2841:
2804:Mysteries of Isis
2777:Related religions
2670:Book of the Earth
2314:
2313:
158:
157:
130:
129:
126:
125:
68:) was an ancient
58:
57:
2872:
2832:
2831:
2830:
2664:Book of the Dead
2500:Egyptian obelisk
1889:Kothar-wa-Khasis
1337:
1336:
1302:Offering formula
1297:Mortuary temples
1287:Embalming ritual
1269:
1191:
1184:
1177:
1168:
1167:
1162:
1155:
1149:
1142:
1136:
1129:
1123:
1116:
1110:
1109:
1099:
1081:
1071:
1065:
1062:
1056:
1045:
1039:
1032:
1026:
1019:
1013:
1010:Eros on the Nile
1006:
945:
930:
915:
901:
887:
873:
859:
844:
830:
816:
802:
788:
773:
758:
744:
730:
716:
702:
688:
674:
660:
646:
632:
617:
603:
589:
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547:
523:
509:
495:
481:
466:
451:
437:
421:
405:
390:
376:
362:
348:
334:
320:
306:
292:
278:
119:
118:
115:
111:
110:
95:(red crown) and
31:
19:
18:
2880:
2879:
2875:
2874:
2873:
2871:
2870:
2869:
2845:
2844:
2843:
2838:
2828:
2826:
2818:
2772:
2729:
2658:Book of Caverns
2634:
2480:Crook and flail
2451:
2444:
2403:
2372:
2310:
1662:Dionysus-Osiris
1458:
1446:
1388:
1326:
1270:
1261:
1200:
1195:
1165:
1156:
1152:
1143:
1139:
1130:
1126:
1117:
1113:
1079:
1072:
1068:
1063:
1059:
1049:Cyril John Gadd
1046:
1042:
1033:
1029:
1021:Kuhrt, Amélie,
1020:
1016:
1007:
1003:
999:
959:
952:
946:
937:
931:
922:
916:
907:
902:
893:
888:
879:
874:
865:
860:
851:
845:
836:
831:
822:
817:
808:
803:
794:
789:
780:
774:
765:
759:
750:
745:
736:
731:
722:
717:
708:
703:
694:
689:
680:
675:
666:
661:
652:
647:
638:
633:
624:
618:
609:
604:
595:
590:
581:
576:
567:
562:
553:
548:
539:
524:
515:
510:
501:
496:
487:
482:
473:
467:
458:
452:
443:
438:
429:
422:
413:
406:
397:
391:
382:
377:
368:
363:
354:
349:
340:
335:
326:
321:
312:
307:
298:
293:
284:
279:
270:
254:Kushite Dynasty
208:
166:
138:
136:
109:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2878:
2868:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2840:
2839:
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2836:
2823:
2820:
2819:
2817:
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2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
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2765:
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2755:
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2745:
2739:
2737:
2731:
2730:
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2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
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2687:
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2677:
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2667:
2660:
2655:
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2644:
2642:
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2622:
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2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
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2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
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2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2456:
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2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2411:
2409:
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2404:
2402:
2401:
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2303:
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2216:
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2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
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2156:
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2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
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2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1859:Khenti-Amentiu
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
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1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1647:Cavern deities
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
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1264:
1262:
1260:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1217:Creation myths
1214:
1208:
1206:
1202:
1201:
1194:
1193:
1186:
1179:
1171:
1164:
1163:
1150:
1137:
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1111:
1066:
1057:
1040:
1027:
1014:
1000:
998:
995:
994:
993:
987:
981:
975:
969:
958:
955:
954:
953:
947:
940:
938:
932:
925:
923:
917:
910:
908:
903:
896:
894:
889:
882:
880:
875:
868:
866:
861:
854:
852:
846:
839:
837:
832:
825:
823:
818:
811:
809:
804:
797:
795:
790:
783:
781:
775:
768:
766:
760:
753:
751:
746:
739:
737:
732:
725:
723:
718:
711:
709:
704:
697:
695:
690:
683:
681:
676:
669:
667:
662:
655:
653:
648:
641:
639:
634:
627:
625:
619:
612:
610:
605:
598:
596:
591:
584:
582:
577:
570:
568:
563:
556:
554:
549:
542:
540:
525:
518:
516:
511:
504:
502:
497:
490:
488:
483:
476:
474:
468:
461:
459:
453:
446:
444:
439:
432:
430:
424:Akhenaten and
423:
416:
414:
407:
400:
398:
392:
385:
383:
378:
371:
369:
364:
357:
355:
350:
343:
341:
336:
329:
327:
322:
315:
313:
308:
301:
299:
294:
287:
285:
280:
273:
269:
266:
262:Roman pharaohs
217:Images of the
207:
204:
174:Neferhotep III
165:
162:
156:
155:
152:
151:
148:
147:
144:
143:
132:
131:
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2809:Temple of Set
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2763:Opet Festival
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2720:Pyramid Texts
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2675:Book of Gates
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2620:Vulture crown
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2505:Egyptian pool
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528:Amenhotep III
522:
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389:
384:
381:
380:Amenhotep III
375:
370:
367:
361:
356:
353:
347:
342:
339:
338:Thutmosis III
333:
328:
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319:
314:
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297:
291:
286:
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277:
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271:
265:
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255:
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248:
244:
243:Amenhotep III
240:
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228:
224:
220:
215:
213:
203:
202:
198:
195:, during the
194:
190:
185:
183:
182:determinative
179:
176:, during the
175:
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154:
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94:
88:
86:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
53:
49:
48:Ancient Egypt
46:
42:
37:
30:
25:
20:
2768:Sed festival
2758:Min festival
2748:Cattle count
2715:Litany of Re
2690:Coffin Texts
2662:
2605:Solar barque
2549:
2545:Imiut fetish
2540:Hypocephalus
2525:Hemhem crown
2510:Eye of Horus
2435:Land of Manu
2389:Djadjaemankh
2270:
2260:
2213:
2123:
2073:
2053:
2028:
1984:Nebethetepet
1978:
1893:
1864:Khenti-kheti
1843:
1783:
1686:
1682:Gate deities
1676:
1666:
1651:
1641:
1591:
1466:
1456:Theban Triad
1282:Canopic jars
1158:
1153:
1145:
1140:
1132:
1127:
1119:
1114:
1090:(3): 43–62.
1087:
1083:
1069:
1060:
1052:
1043:
1035:
1030:
1022:
1017:
1009:
1004:
848:Ptolemy VIII
748:Nectanebo II
621:Ramesses VII
579:Ramesses III
454:Tutankhamun
366:Thutmosis IV
352:Amenhotep II
251:
239:Thutmose III
230:
218:
216:
209:
188:
186:
169:
167:
159:
89:
77:
73:
65:
61:
59:
2794:Hermeticism
2625:Was-sceptre
2452:and objects
1929:Mehet-Weret
1772:Harpocrates
1602:Banebdjedet
1567:Arensnuphis
1247:Osiris myth
1157:Shaw, Ian,
1084:Arqueología
863:Ptolemy XII
850:(far right)
806:Ptolemy III
734:Nectanebo I
636:Ramesses IX
607:Ramesses VI
593:Ramesses IV
513:Ramesses II
441:Tutankhamun
310:Amenhotep I
212:New Kingdom
210:During the
206:New Kingdom
141:hieroglyphs
137:"War Crown"
82:New Kingdom
52:New Kingdom
2849:Categories
2789:Gnosticism
2630:Winged sun
2475:Corn mummy
2377:Characters
2301:Werethekau
2139:Sebiumeker
1949:Meretseger
1814:Ikhemu-sek
1752:Hermanubis
1252:Philosophy
1242:Numerology
997:References
834:Ptolemy VI
820:Ptolemy IV
792:Ptolemy II
692:Psamtik II
650:Ramesses X
324:Hatshepsut
235:Hatshepsut
135:Blue Crown
74:blue crown
2735:Festivals
2600:Shen ring
2580:Ouroboros
2515:Eye of Ra
2470:Cartouche
2408:Locations
2353:Serpopard
2320:Creatures
2251:Tjenenyet
2234:Ta-Bitjet
2179:Shesmetet
2099:Renenutet
2084:Raet-Tawy
2004:Nehmetawy
1954:Meskhenet
1722:Hedjhotep
1577:Assessors
1275:Practices
1237:Mythology
1232:Maa Kheru
1212:Afterlife
1106:1853-8126
777:Ptolemy I
678:Psamtik I
565:Amenmesse
551:Merneptah
536:Baltimore
428:statuette
426:Nefertiti
395:Akhenaten
78:war crown
2799:Kemetism
2640:Writings
2550:Khepresh
2394:Rededjet
2296:Wepwawet
2281:Wadj-wer
1999:Nehebkau
1994:Nefertem
1914:Mandulis
1849:Kebechet
1839:Iusaaset
1757:Heryshaf
1707:Hatmehit
1542:Apedemak
1417:Nephthys
1312:Pyramids
1292:Funerals
957:See also
905:Tiberius
891:Augustus
485:Horemheb
393:Pharaoh
296:Ahmose I
247:pharaohs
241:. After
231:khepresh
223:Ahmose I
219:khepresh
189:khepresh
170:khepresh
85:pharaohs
62:khepresh
22:Khepresh
2814:Thelema
2784:Atenism
2615:Ushabti
2585:Pschent
2575:Neshmet
2490:Deshret
2450:Symbols
2399:Ubaoner
2338:Griffin
2224:Taweret
2219:Tatenen
2154:Serapis
2149:Sekhmet
2119:Resheph
2064:Qed-her
2014:Nekhbet
1989:Nebtuwi
1854:Khensit
1824:Imhotep
1819:Imentet
1717:Hedetet
1582:Astarte
1517:Andjety
1492:Amesemi
1332:Deities
1317:Temples
1205:Beliefs
990:Pschent
972:Deshret
951:(right)
921:(right)
779:(right)
456:ushabti
268:Gallery
107:History
93:deshret
44:Country
39:Details
2648:Amduat
2595:Serekh
2590:Scarab
2520:Hedjet
2425:Benben
2368:Uraeus
2363:Sphinx
2348:Medjed
2306:Wosret
2291:Wepset
2276:Wadjet
2199:Sopdet
2184:Shezmu
2164:Seshat
2159:Serket
2104:Renpet
2089:Rekhyt
2069:Qetesh
2034:Pakhet
1964:Mnevis
1939:Menhit
1919:Medjed
1909:Mafdet
1899:Maahes
1884:Khonsu
1874:Kherty
1869:Khepri
1737:Hemsut
1712:Hauron
1702:Hathor
1637:Buchis
1622:Ba-Pef
1607:Bastet
1537:Anuket
1532:Anubis
1507:Amu-Aa
1502:Am-heh
1451:Triads
1442:Tefnut
1427:Osiris
1394:Ennead
1379:Naunet
1369:Kauket
1359:Hauhet
1354:Amunet
1341:Ogdoad
1104:
978:Hedjet
967:Osiris
949:Trajan
936:(left)
764:(left)
706:Apries
664:Siamun
623:(left)
499:Seti I
282:Snaaib
193:Snaaib
101:uraeus
97:hedjet
2570:Nemes
2560:Menat
2555:Kneph
2530:Hennu
2420:Akhet
2286:Weneg
2239:Thoth
2204:Sopdu
2194:Sobek
2144:Seker
2134:Satis
2114:Repyt
2059:Qebui
2044:Petbe
2039:Perit
2024:Neper
2019:Nemty
2009:Neith
1969:Montu
1944:Meret
1934:Mehit
1924:Mehen
1904:Ma'at
1879:Khnum
1834:Iunit
1789:Iabet
1767:Horus
1762:Hesat
1747:Heqet
1742:Henet
1732:Hemen
1657:Dedun
1627:Bennu
1527:Anput
1522:Anhur
1497:Ammit
1482:Akhty
1222:Isfet
1080:(PDF)
984:Nemes
934:Titus
720:Hakor
2610:Tyet
2565:Nebu
2495:Djed
2465:Atef
2460:Ankh
2430:Duat
2415:Aaru
2384:Dedi
2333:Abtu
2328:Aani
2266:Unut
2256:Tutu
2229:Tayt
2174:Shed
2169:Shai
2049:Ptah
1804:Igai
1727:Heka
1697:Hapi
1617:Bata
1597:Babi
1587:Aten
1562:Aqen
1552:Apis
1547:Apep
1512:Anat
1477:Aker
1472:Aati
1412:Isis
1402:Atum
1349:Amun
1257:Soul
1227:Maat
1102:ISSN
963:Atef
919:Nero
237:and
66:ḫprš
60:The
2358:Sha
2189:Sia
2129:Sah
2094:Rem
1974:Mut
1959:Min
1829:Ipy
1809:Ihy
1799:Iat
1794:Iah
1632:Bes
1612:Bat
1572:Ash
1557:Apt
1437:Shu
1432:Set
1422:Nut
1407:Geb
1374:Kek
1364:Heh
1092:doi
201:Min
139:in
76:or
2851::
2079:Ra
1779:Hu
1692:Ha
1384:Nu
1100:.
1088:26
1082:.
1051:,
534:,
470:Ay
80:.
2271:W
2261:U
2214:T
2124:S
2074:R
2054:Q
2029:P
1979:N
1894:M
1844:K
1784:I
1687:H
1677:G
1667:F
1652:D
1642:C
1592:B
1467:A
1190:e
1183:t
1176:v
1108:.
1094::
538:.
472:.
412:.
64:(
54:)
50:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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