Amenhotep III - Knowledge

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the Volga river: three from Sintashta and two from Krasnoyarsk. Also in a basal position, there are three modern Russian samples (two from the Altai region) and one Danish sequence. Interestingly, while the vast majority (70%) of H2 modern sequences in our dataset are of European origin, H2b displays a strong South Asian component, with seven samples from Pakistan, India and Sri Lanka. The newly published Sintashta and Middle Bronze Age Krasnoyarsk (Russian) sequences (Narasimhan et al.2018), together with the previously released Yamnaya and Srubnaya, span a period from 5 to 3.5 ka. These, plus the modern South Asian sequences, support our earlier suggestion that H2b was involved in movements east and southwards from the Pontic-Caspian region into South Asia, by documenting its progress eastwards across the Eurasian Steppe. The

1069: 2618: 2587: 34: 1511: 2492: 2477: 1156: 8361: 2401: 2447: 2385: 2432: 2417: 2462: 986: 1775: 1575: 1618: 2522: 2507: 1657: 732: 674: 594: 544: 202: 1703:. Amenhotep dismantled the Fourth Pylon of the Temple of Amun at Karnak to construct a new Third Pylon — and created a new entrance to this structure where he erected two rows of columns with open papyrus capitals down the centre of this newly formed forecourt. The forecourt between the Third and Fourth Pylons, sometimes called an 1646: 1391:'s daughter, in the pharaoh's 36th year; letter EA 23's arrival in Egypt is dated to "regnal year 36, the fourth month of winter, day 1" of his reign. Furthermore, Tushratta never mentions in EA 23 that the statue's dispatch was meant to heal Amenhotep of his maladies. Instead, Tushratta writes in part: 1415:

In the 14th century BCE, the pharaoh sent an expedition to Cyprus to establish Egyptian control over the island, which was subsequently maintained for several centuries. During this time, the Egyptians established a number of settlements on the island, and they exported copper and other raw materials

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Amenhotep's refusal to allow one of his daughters to be married to the Babylonian monarch may indeed have followed from Egyptian royal custom, which allowed a claim upon the throne through descent from a royal princess. It could also be viewed as a diplomatic stratagem to enhance Egypt's prestige, as

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After the Sed festival, Amenhotep transcended from being a near-god to one divine. The king may have later traveled across Egypt following the festival, potentially reenacting the ceremony for different audiences. Few Egyptian kings lived long enough for their own celebration. Those who survived used

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would have ruled until he came of age, none is attested in the surviving records. In Regnal Year 11, Amenhotep commanded the construction of an artificial lake at Tiye's hometown of Djakaru. He then celebrated a Festival of Opening the Lake in the third month of Inundation, day sixteen, and rowed the

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H2b is a minor branch. It contains several ancient samples from Russia, all basal to the rest of the branch, including one individual from the Yamnaya culture and one from the Late Bronze Age Srubnaya culture, both from the Pontic-Caspian Steppe region, and five other Bronze Age samples from east of

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gave "conclusive evidence" of a coregency that lasted at least eight years. In the tomb, the cartouches of the two pharaohs were carved side by side. However, this conclusion has since been called into question by other egyptologists, according to whom the inscription means only that construction on

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Temples were built and statues erected up and down the Nile. Craftsmen and jewelers created ornaments commentating the event including jewelry, ornaments, and stelae. The scribe Nebmerutef coordinated every step of the event. He directed Amenhotep to use his mace to knock on the temple doors. Beside

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of Nineveh, mistress of all lands: "I wish to go to Egypt, a country that I love, and then return." Now I herewith send her, and she is on her way. Now, in the time, too, of my father,... went to this country, and just as earlier she dwelt there and they honored her, may my brother now honor her 10

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to plan the ceremony, potentially because he was one of the few courtiers still alive to have served at the last Sed Festival, held for Amenhotep II. In preparation for the first Sed Festival, Amenhotep, son of Hapu enlisted scribes to gather information from records and inscriptions, most found in

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him, Amenhotep-Hapu mirrored his effort like a royal shadow. The king was followed by Queen Tiye and the royal daughters. When moving to another venue, the banner of the jackal god Wepwawet, "Opener of Ways" preceded the King. The king changed his costume at each major activity of the celebration.

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He was survived by at least one child, his successor Amenhotep IV. His wife Tiye is known to have outlived him by at least twelve years, as she is mentioned in several Amarna letters dated from her son's reign, as well as depicted at the royal dinner table in Akhenaten's years 9 and 12, in scenes

2365:; he concluded that "a majority an affinity with 'Sub-Saharan' Africans in one affinity analysis". However, he emphasized the complexity of ethnic attributions, cautioning that the royal mummies may have had other affiliations obscured by the typological categories, and that different "data and 1263:. Built mostly out of mud-brick, it was Amenhotep's residence throughout most of the later part of his reign. Construction began around Regnal Year 11 and continued until the king moved to the palace permanently around Regnal Year 29. Once completed, it was the largest royal residence in Egypt. 1146:

Finally, he married at least two of his daughters, Sitamun and Iset, in the last decade of his reign. Jar-label inscriptions from Regnal Year 30 indicate that Sitamun was elevated to the status of Great Royal Wife by that time. Although shunned by common Egyptians, incest was not uncommon among

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headress have come from excavations behind the Colossi of Memnon as well as from Tanis in the Delta. In 2014, two giant statues of Amenhotep toppled by an earthquake in 1200 BC were reconstructed from more than 200 fragments and re-erected at the northern gate of the king's funerary temple.

1676:'s reforming zeal shook these old certainties to their foundations, and forced the momentous question whether a pharaoh was more powerful than his society as represented in the worship of Amun. Akhenaten even moved the capital away from Thebes, the center of Amun's worship, and built 2318:, identified in the study as Akhenaten, and "The Younger Lady", sibling parents of his grandson, Tutankhamun. A more recent study, published in 2020, traced the family lineage via Y-chromosomes and mtDNA. Although only a partial profile was obtained, he shares his YDNA haplogroup, 1236:

held many offices during the reign of Amenhotep the pharaoh, but is best known for receiving the right to build his mortuary temple behind that of the king. Amenhotep, son of Hapu, was deified after his death and was one of the few non-royals to be worshiped in such a manner.

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Despite the martial prowess Amenhotep displayed during the hunt, he is known to have participated in only one military incident. In Regnal Year Five, he led a victorious campaign against a rebellion in Kush. This victory was commemorated by three rock-carved stelae found near

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These show malicious damage where the cartouche was chipped away. Cassirer suggests this was another example of Akhenaten's vandalism against Amun Other gods displayed on the stela, Re and Ma’at, showed no damage. The altered stela may then have been displayed by Akhenaten.

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Gad, Yehia; Ismail, Somaia; Fathalla, Dina; Khairat, Rabab; Fares, Suzan; Gad, Ahmed Zakaria; Saad, Rama; Moustafa, Amal; ElShahat, Eslam; Mandil, Naglaa; Fateen, Mohamed; Elleithy, Hisham; Wasef, Sally; Zink, Albert; Hawass, Zahi; Pusch, Carsten (2020).

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When Amenhotep died, he left behind a country at the very height of its power and influence, commanding immense respect in the international world. However, it was a country wedded to age-old political and religious certainties under the Amun priesthood.

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According to historian William Stiebling and archaeologist Susan N. Helft, conflicting DNA analyses by different research teams have thusfar failed to establish consensus on the genetic makeup of the ancient Egyptians and their geographic origins.

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outside of Thebes. The tomb is the largest in the West Valley of the Kings and includes two side chambers for his Great Royal Wives, Tiye and Sitamun. However, it does not seem that either woman was buried there. During the reign of Smendes in the

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was taken from Egypt to Europe by an art dealer. Once owned by Eric Cassirer, it is now believed to be in a private collection in the United States. The white alabaster stela is 10 × 9 cm (3.94 × 3.54 in), but only its upper half survived.

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Hawass, Zahi; Gad, Yehia Z.; Ismail, Somaia; Khairat, Rabab; Fathalla, Dina; Hasan, Naglaa; Ahmed, Amal; Elleithy, Hisham; Ball, Markus; Gaballah, Fawzi; Wasef, Sally; Fateen, Mohamed; Amer, Hany; Gostner, Paul; Selim, Ashraf (2010-02-17).

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Thutmose, the eldest son of Amenhotep III with his wife Tiye, became Crown Prince, but died before his father. Amenhotep was ultimately succeeded by his second son, who ascended the throne as Amenhotep IV and later took the name Akhenaten.

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One of the major highlights of the festival was the king's dual coronation. He was enthroned separately for Upper and Lower Egypt. For Upper Egypt, Amenhotep wore the white crown but changed to the red crown for the Lower Egypt coronation.

2345:(STR) published data from studies by Hawass et al. 2010;2012 which sought to determine familial relations and research pathological features such as potential infectious diseases among the New Kingdom royal mummies, including 1412:." Moran agrees that this explanation was more likely. Further, Moran argues that the contents of Amarna Letter EA 21 support this claim, wherein Tushratta asks the gods, including Ishtar, for their blessing of the marriage. 1372:, late in Amenhotep's reign. Scholars have generally assumed that the statue's sojourn to Egypt was requested by Amenhotep in order to cure him of his various ailments, which included painful abscesses in his teeth. However, 1308: 4109: 1874:

which means "the Dazzling Sun Disk"; it appears in his titulary at Luxor temple and was frequently used as the name for one of his palaces, and for the Year 11 royal barge, as well as for a company of Amenhotep's army.

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Amenhotep-Huy's tomb started during Amenhotep III's reign and ended under Akhenaten's, and Amenhotep-Huy thus simply wanted to pay his respects to both rulers, carving their names separately rather than simultaneously.

1404:), the mistress of heaven, protect us, my brother and me, a 100,000 years, and may our mistress grant both of us great joy. And let us act as friends. Is Šauška for me alone my god, and for my brother not his god? 1280:, consisting of a series of tests that demonstrated the pharaoh's fitness for continuing as ruler of Egypt. Based on indications left by Queen Tiye's steward Khenruef, the festival may have lasted two to eight months. 1416:

from Cyprus to Egypt in exchange for luxury goods and other commodities. However, the Egyptian presence on Cyprus was at times interrupted by incursions of other powers, including the Hittites and the Mycenaeans.

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royalty. A sculpture restored by Amenhotep for his grandfather, Amenhotep II, shows Sitamun with a young prince beside her. This has led to theories that Sitamun was the mother of Smekhkare and/or Tutankhamun.

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in Nubia. Similarly, five other scarabs state that his wife Gilukhepa of Mitanni arrived in Egypt with a retinue of 317 women. She was the first of many such princesses who would enter the pharaoh's family.

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His reign was a period of unprecedented prosperity and splendour, when Egypt reached the peak of its artistic and international power, and as such he is considered one of ancient Egypt's greatest pharaohs.

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in Regnal Years 30, 34, and 37, each at Malkata palace in Western Thebes. A temple of Amun and festival hall were built especially for the celebrations. The Sed festival was a tradition that dated to the

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Amenhotep has the distinction of having the most surviving statues of any Egyptian pharaoh, with over 250 identified. These statues provide a series of portraits covering the entire length of his reign.

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were commissioned and distributed during Amenhotep's reign. On the "marriage scarabs," Amenhotep affirmed his divine power and the legitimacy of his wife. With Tiye, Amenhotep fathered at least two sons,

2322:, with his son and grandson, upholding the family tree outlined in the earlier study. However, the specific clade of R1b was not determined. The mitochondrial haplogroup of Amenhotep III was found to be 2586: 3787: 2664: 1546:

and obesity. Further, a forensic examination of his mummy revealed worn and cavity-pitted teeth which must have inflicted constant pain. An examination of the mummy by the Australian anatomist

1847: 1466: 2602: 1340:, and other states, typically including requests by those rulers for gold and other gifts from Amenhotep. The letters cover the period from Year 30 of Amenhotep until at least the end of 2574: 1896:

The god Heh, representing the number one million, holds notched palm leaves signifying years and the cartouche of Amenhotep, symbolically raising the pharoah for a million years.

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The likeliest explanation is that the statue was sent to Egypt "to shed her blessings on the wedding of Amenhotep and Tadukhepa, as she had been sent previously for Amenhotep and

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Hieroglyphs on the backpillar of Amenhotep 's statue. There are 2 places where Akhenaten erased the name Amun, later restored on a deeper surface. The British Museum, London

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For the 18th dynasty, the mummy shows an unusually heavy use of subcutaneous stuffing to make the mummy look more lifelike. The mummy has museum inventory number CG 61074.

4110:"Ideas about "Race" in Nile Valley Histories: A Consideration of "Racial" Paradigms in Recent Presentations on Nile Valley Africa, from "Black Pharaohs" to Mummy Genomest" 1451:, and other scholars argue strongly against the establishment of a long coregency between the two rulers and in favor of either no coregency or one of at most two years. 1828:

One of the most stunning finds of royal statues dating to his reign was made as recently as 1989 in the courtyard of Amenhotep 's colonnade of the Temple of Luxor. The

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with his son Amenhotep IV. Lawrence Berman has claimed that proponents of the coregency theory tended to be art historians, while historians remained unconvinced.

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Amarna letter. Letter from Labayu (ruler of Shechem) to the Egyptian Pharaoh Amenhotep III or his son Akhenaten. 14th century BCE. From Tell el-Amarna, Egypt.

8417: 8598: 1542:, Steward of the King's Great Wife, Tiye, depict Amenhotep as a visibly weak and sick figure. Scientists believe that in his final years he suffered from 8216: 3505: 1486:

king Tushratta, claiming that Amenhotep IV did not honor his father's promise to send Tushratta gold statues as part of the marriage arrangement between

1723:. The king also started work on the Tenth Pylon at the Temple of Amun. Amenhotep's first recorded act as king — in his Years 1 and 2 — was to open new 2829: 1203:

There is a significant attestation for the court officials who served during Amenhotep's reign, primarily through the discovery of their tombs in the

221: 1884:, believed to have been built by king to house craftsmen and labourers working on royal projects at Thebes, along with its own bakery and cemetery. 1900:

A series of festival (ḥb) emblems together with a Sed (sd) emblem identifying the stela as one made for Amenhotep 's Sed Festival royal jubilee.

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One of the many commemorative "marriage scarabs" of Amenhotep, which affirm the divine power of the king and the legitimacy of his wife, Tiye.

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When I heard that my brother Nimmureya had gone to his fate, on that day I sat down and wept. On that day I took no food, I took no water.

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The Amarna Letters also reference the exchange between Amenhotep and the Mitanni King Tushratta of the statue of a healing goddess,

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When he died in the 38th or 39th year of his reign he was succeeded by his son Amenhotep IV, who later changed his name to

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times more than before. May my brother honor her, at pleasure let her go so that she may come back. May Šauška (i.e.,

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N. de G. Davies, The rock tombs of El-Amarna, Parts III and IV, 1905 (Reprinted 2004), The Egypt Exploration Society,

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of Mitanni, in or around Regnal Year 36 of his reign. Other wives, whose names are unknown, included: a daughter of

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https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/4/118093/Amenhotep-III-achieved-unprecedented-equality-with-his-wife-Tiye-recent

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From other scarabs, Amenhotep is known to have killed either 102 or 110 lions in the first ten years of his reign.

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Berman, Lawrence M. (1998). "Overview of Amenhotep III and His Reign". In O'Connor, David; Cline, Eric (eds.).

1818:" as well as a large series of royal sculptures. Several black granite seated statues of Amenhotep wearing the 1626: 4327: 3501: 2828:

Amenhotep III achieved unprecedented equality with his wife Tiye, recent study. (2022, August 3). EgyptToday.

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and later pharaohs for their own construction projects. All that remained standing was the gateway with the

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Amenhotep himself married the daughters of several foreign rulers while refusing them his own daughters.

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to the south. Some of the most magnificent statues of New Kingdom Egypt date to his reign "such as the

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in Nubia. The official account of Amenhotep's military victory emphasizes his martial prowess with the

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Amenhotep probably became pharaoh when he was between the ages of 6 and 12. While it is likely that a

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Causing His Name to Live: Studies in Egyptian Epigraphy and History in Memory of William J. Murnane

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Causing His Name to Live: Studies in Egyptian Epigraphy and History in Memory of William J. Murnane

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included a nearly undamaged 6 feet (1.8 m)-high pink quartzite statue of the king wearing the

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Amenhotep's greatest attested regnal date is Year 38, which appears on wine jar-label dockets from

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Amenhotep wanted his Sed Festivals to be far more spectacular than those of the past. He appointed

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Loprieno, Antonio (2001) "From Ancient Egyptian to Coptic" in Haspelmath, Martin et al. (eds.),

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two outstanding couchant rose granite lions originally set before the temple at Soleb in Nubia

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from June 1386 to 1349 BC, or from June 1388 BC to December 1351 BC/1350 BC, after his father

8562: 8460: 8340: 8256: 7732: 7697: 7677: 7667: 7629: 6229: 6133: 5487: 3538: 3053: 2327: 1030: 4409:. In Kamrin, Janice; Bárta, Miroslav; Ikram, Salima; Lehner, Mark; Megahed, Mohamed (eds.). 3343:

Aidan Dodson (1990). "Crown Prince Djhutmose and the Royal Sons of the Eighteenth Dynasty".

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Hayes, William (1973). "Internal affairs from Thutmosis I to the death of Amenophis III".

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The Divine Father: Religious and Philosophical Concepts of Divine Parenthood in Antiquity

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In 2021, excavations revealed a settlement near Amenhotep's mortuary temple, called the

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Foreign leaders communicated their grief at the pharaoh's death, with Tushratta saying:

1155: 8509: 8037: 8024: 7601: 6611: 6183: 6158: 5225: 5000: 4696: 4544: 4528: 4290: 4248: 4084: 3972: 3945: 3932:), is thought to have expanded eastwards into Central Asia 3.8 ka, reaching South Asia. 3914: 3360: 3092: 2659: 2015: 1829: 1456: 1345: 1073: 3579:"Identifications of ancient Egyptian royal mummies from the 18th Dynasty reconsidered" 1836:. It was mounted on a sled, and may have been a cult statue. Only the name of the god 8525: 8092: 8071: 7965: 7932: 7644: 6979: 6601: 6481: 6103: 6031: 5689: 5492: 5482: 5414: 4740: 4666: 4614: 4572: 4551: 4491: 4440: 4414: 4406: 4390: 4383: 4360: 4334: 4311: 4304: 4255: 4229: 4208: 4179: 4134: 4089: 4076: 4027: 4019: 3977: 3929: 3925: 3918: 3906: 3600: 3364: 3073: 3063: 2918: 1908:

Another striking characteristic of Amenhotep's reign is the series of over 200 large

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The arrival of the statue is known to have coincided with Amenhotep's marriage with

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in firmly rejecting the latter's entreaty to marry one of this pharaoh's daughters:

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on the lake. This event was commemorated on at least eleven commemorative scarabs.

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The Complete Valley of the Kings: Tombs and Treasures of Egypt's Greatest Pharaohs

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Egypt and Eastern Mediterranean in the Bronze Age, levant,Aegean, Cyprus and Egypt

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Troy, Lana (1986). "Patterns of Queenship in Ancient Egyptian Myth and History".

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https://www.egypttoursportal.com/en-us/blog/egyptian-pharaohs/king-amenhotep-iii/

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Diplomatic correspondence from Amenhotep's reign are partially preserved in the

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Royal and Divine Statuary in Egypt's Dazzling Sun: Amenhotep III and his World

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Genetic analysis has confirmed that Amenhotep III is the father of both the

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that have been discovered over a large geographic area ranging from Syria (

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ancient funerary temples, describing the appropriate rituals and costumes.

1272: 1136: 1104: 4486: 4014: 3997: 3877:"Untangling Neolithic and Bronze Age mitochondrial lineages in South Asia" 1005:, who had taken the form of Thutmose IV to father a child with Mutemwiya. 668: 538: 388: 251: 127: 8311: 8007: 7952: 7803: 7752: 7672: 7544: 7436: 7418: 7376: 7287: 7178: 7173: 7168: 7122: 7106: 7079: 7044: 7034: 6969: 6922: 6912: 6897: 6887: 6834: 6796: 6771: 6751: 6741: 6507: 6491: 6466: 6461: 6261: 6188: 6098: 6081: 6036: 6011: 5945: 5925: 5910: 5892: 5622: 5617: 5424: 5251: 5231: 5045: 4979: 4970: 4854: 4228:(2001 ed.). Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. pp. 1–25. 2350: 2346: 2041: 1880: 1763: 1755: 1731: 1645: 1633:, along with those of 17 other kings and 4 queens in an event termed the 1120: 1089: 959: 832: 69: 3446: 1356:

From time immemorial, no daughter of the king of Egy is given to anyone.

1037:. In addition, several daughters are frequently credited to the couple: 8517: 8124: 8078: 8031: 7986: 7958: 7779: 7662: 7587: 7514: 7403: 7218: 7156: 7151: 7146: 7128: 7116: 7096: 7069: 7039: 7019: 6964: 6917: 6892: 6824: 6786: 6756: 6746: 6486: 6286: 6276: 6046: 6041: 6006: 5915: 5887: 5708: 5612: 5607: 5592: 5577: 5385: 5379: 5293: 5021: 4839: 4776: 4712:

Uppsala Studies in Ancient Mediterranean and Near Eastern Civilizations

4294: 4097:

from the original on Mar 14, 2023 – via Griffith Research Online.

4071: 3595: 3578: 2665:

The lion hunts of Amenhotep III during the first ten years of his reign

2358: 2331: 1913: 1795: 1434: 1160: 1085: 1042: 821: 802: 4062: 1844:, clearly part of Akhenaten's campaign against the god of his father. 8325: 8064: 7979: 7942: 7868: 7862: 7789: 7769: 7486: 7468: 7413: 7393: 7256: 7091: 7074: 7024: 6877: 6844: 6839: 6781: 6580: 6401: 6354: 6306: 6266: 6243: 6016: 5882: 5851: 5505: 5419: 5245: 5126: 4863: 3928:

in the Ural Mountains, or a "Sintashta-derived" culture (such as the

2806:

https://www.thoughtco.com/pharaoh-amenhotep-iii-and-queen-tiye-120268

2366: 2362: 2263: 1852: 1841: 1799: 1724: 1673: 1656: 1550:

concluded that the pharaoh had died at between the age of 40 and 50.

1543: 1487: 1409: 1388: 1384: 1341: 1215: 1192: 1116: 1112: 1100: 1077: 1054: 1034: 994: 974: 963: 842: 816: 790: 768: 764: 79: 4286: 2804:

Silver, C. (2017). Pharaoh Amenhotep III and Queen Tiye. ThoughtCo.

8134: 8129: 8118: 8085: 8000: 7993: 7947: 7919: 7913: 7878: 7841: 7836: 7831: 7826: 7458: 7398: 7241: 7213: 6806: 6736: 6548: 6534: 6514: 6476: 6388: 6333: 6291: 6123: 6093: 6056: 6001: 5846: 5723: 5628: 5572: 5467: 5374: 5368: 5357: 5323: 5207: 5193: 5186: 5173: 5137: 4877: 1727: 1700: 1428: 922: 2899: 8111: 8050: 7893: 7577: 7388: 7382: 7370: 7251: 7246: 7183: 7162: 7007: 6959: 6859: 6849: 6574: 6471: 6441: 6423: 6412: 6395: 6347: 6340: 6271: 6193: 5841: 5649: 5635: 5547: 5498: 5404: 5347: 5298: 5131: 5121: 5101: 5034: 4884: 4763: 2623:

A prostrate figurine of Amenhotep III found in Tutankhamun's tomb

2354: 1833: 1807: 1704: 1531: 1483: 1369: 1333: 1329: 1325: 1246: 1132: 1124: 1108: 1050: 1038: 947: 875: 806: 794: 772: 47: 4775: 4595:

Ancient Egyptian Literature: A Book of Readings: The Late Period

8018: 7888: 7525: 7408: 7013: 6984: 6854: 6829: 6621: 6555: 6381: 6374: 6301: 6256: 6250: 6076: 5996: 5582: 5409: 5362: 5316: 5288: 5214: 5092: 5051: 4933: 4898: 4870: 3746:"Amenhotep III Statues Once More Stand Before Pharaoh's Temple" 3052:

Albrecht, Felix; Feldmeier, Reinhard, eds. (February 6, 2014).

1767: 1742:

to undertake his great building projects. He virtually covered

1720: 1708: 1688: 1677: 1401: 1396: 1365: 1321: 1219: 1168: 1140: 1062: 8280: 3946:"The formation of human populations in South and Central Asia" 3555: 2353:. Keita used the Popaffiliator algorithm which differentiates 1300:

the celebration as the affirmation of transition to divinity.

912: 627: 496: 372: 235: 111: 8104: 7883: 7873: 7851: 7509: 6418: 6406: 6319: 6236: 6087: 6021: 5683: 5352: 5310: 5304: 5096: 5055: 4926: 4919: 4905: 4407:"Maternal and Paternal Lineages in King Tutankhamun's Family" 2985: 2699: 2697: 2695: 2693: 2691: 1917: 1820: 1743: 1707:

court, was also decorated with scenes of the sacred funerary

1535: 1515: 1184: 1096: 1017: 998: 955: 1256:, "House of Rejoicing". Originally, the palace was known as 378:"The great-of-strength one who has struck down the Asiatics" 8350: 7856: 7846: 7236: 7111: 6312: 5642: 5462: 5444: 5329: 5111: 5106: 4940: 4732: 4385:

Chronicle of a Pharaoh – The Intimate Life of Amenhotep III

3282: 2931: 2756:

Die Ägyptischen Personennamen, Bd. 1: Verzeichnis der Namen

2099: 1837: 1787: 1750:...including a small temple with a colonnade (dedicated to 1712: 1681: 1596: 1583: 1259: 1143:; and a daughter of the ruler of Ammia (modern-day Syria). 1013: 1009: 1002: 1001:

Temple. Amenhotep claimed that his true father was the god

927: 864: 860: 760: 679: 549: 411: 274: 152: 3822: 3820: 3705: 3637: 3577:

Habicht, M.E; Bouwman, A.S; Rühli, F.J (25 January 2016).

2688: 1840:

had been hacked out wherever it appeared in the pharaoh's

1595:, Amenhotep's mummy was later moved to the mummy cache in 1249:

was built in the 14th century BC and its ancient name was

6061: 4411:

Guardian of Ancient Egypt: Essays in Honor of Zahi Hawass

3844: 3728: 3726: 3724: 3722: 3720: 3188: 3186: 3184: 3171: 3169: 3167: 3165: 3152: 3150: 2975: 2973: 2816:

Team, E. (2023). King Amenhotep III. Egypt Tours Portal.

1716: 7282: 4127:

Jr, William H. Stiebing; Helft, Susan N. (3 July 2023).

3033: 2960: 2958: 993:

Amenhotep was the son of Thutmose IV and his minor wife

3832: 3817: 3805: 3793: 3768: 3649: 3519: 3410: 3376: 3374: 3111: 3002: 3000: 2943: 2774: 1433:

It has long been theorized that Amenhotep III shared a

4512:

The Middle East and the Aegean Region, C. 1800–1380 BC

4242: 3994: 3856: 3717: 3458: 3398: 3258: 3210: 3198: 3181: 3162: 3147: 3021: 2970: 2877: 2875: 2873: 2834: 1084:

Amenhotep is also sometimes credited as the father of

4465:"Ancestry and Pathology in King Tutankhamun's Family" 3998:"Ancestry and Pathology in King Tutankhamun's Family" 3693: 3681: 3470: 2955: 2858: 2709: 241:"Who has established laws and pacified the Two Lands" 3371: 3270: 3246: 3234: 3135: 3123: 2997: 1621:

Mummified head of Amenhotep III following unwrapping

962:

died. Amenhotep was Thutmose's son by a minor wife,

4413:. Czech Institute of Egyptology. pp. 497–518. 3790:", National Geographic, April 12, 2021 with images. 3576: 3482: 3294: 2870: 2846: 2580:

Drawing of Amenhotep III bust in the British Museum

1320:, a collection of documents found near the city of 4606: 4543: 4437:Ancient Egyptian Queens: A Hieroglyphic Dictionary 4382: 4326: 4303: 4247: 3386: 3222: 2786: 1790:was, in its day, the largest religious complex in 4636: 4627: 3902:20.500.11820/cb51c121-196b-4cc8-914c-dfdae3bb7750 3441:Proof found of Amenhotep III-Akhenaten co-regency 3051: 2676: 1851:Obverse: The Stela of Amenhotep. back: raised by 1061:from Medinet Habu, and Beketaten only appears in 8575: 4355:. In Brand, Peter James; Cooper, Louise (eds.). 4250:The Large Commemorative Scarabs of Amenhotep III 4174:. In Brand, Peter James; Cooper, Louise (eds.). 2561:Amenhotep wearing the red crown of Lower Egypt, 2542:Amenhotep wearing the red crown of Lower Egypt, 2390:Granodiorite seated statue of Amenhotep at the 1497:announced that findings from the tomb of Vizier 1470:A statue head of Amenhotep III collected by the 1429:Proposed coregency with Amenhotep IV / Akhenaten 16:Ninth Pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt 4654: 4568:The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary 4473:The Journal of the American Medical Association 3561: 2592:Amenhotep III from KV 22 tomb of Amenhotep III 2422:Granodiorite Amenhotep (Left Statue) Close up, 2326:, which is associated with migrations from the 4463:Hawass, Zahi; et al. (17 February 2010). 989:Amenhotep and Tiye with one of their daughters 8296: 4748: 4613:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. 4462: 3850: 1870:One of Amenhotep's most popular epithets was 1687:Amenhotep built extensively at the temple of 1348:, Amenhotep is quoted by the Babylonian king 4665:(2000 ed.). London: Thames and Hudson. 4518: 4329:The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt 4324: 4114:Journal of Ancient Egyptian Interconnections 4044: 3452: 3342: 2991: 2937: 2905: 2893: 2746: 2729:Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, 2635:Colossal red granite statue of Amenhotep III 1625:In April 2021, his mummy was moved from the 1578:The mummy of Amenhotep III during unwrapping 8599:Pharaohs of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt 2927:Part III. The Tombs of Huya and Ahmes, 1905 954:. According to different authors, he ruled 117:"The strong bull who has appeared in truth" 8303: 8289: 4755: 4741: 4701:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 4533:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 4403: 4133:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 209–212. 3943: 3862: 3572: 3570: 3336: 2640:Colossal quartzite statue of Amenhotep III 1303: 32: 4722: 4592: 4550:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 4485: 4434: 4359:. Leiden; Boston: Brill. pp. 65–82. 4199: 4088: 4070: 4013: 3971: 3961: 3900: 3594: 3039: 2964: 2864: 2780: 2742:Language Typology and Language Universals 2568:. From Thebes, Egypt. British Museum. EA7 2549:. From Thebes, Egypt. British Museum. EA6 2406:Granodiorite statue of Amenhotep at the 1680:, a city dedicated to his new deity, the 1599:along with several other pharaohs of the 1474:. The image was created during his reign. 1198: 8165: 4639:Amenhotep III: Perspectives on His Reign 4637:O'Connor, David; Cline, Eric H. (2001). 4630:Amenhotep III: Perspectives on His Reign 4564: 4380: 4268: 4225:Amenhotep III: Perspectives on His Reign 4178:. Leiden; Boston: Brill. pp. 9–20. 4130:Ancient Near Eastern History and Culture 3826: 3811: 3799: 3655: 3539:"Amenhetep III | Theban Mapping Project" 3525: 3429:Pharaoh power-sharing unearthed in Egypt 2949: 2840: 2703: 2596:N 521 A, Other inventory number: LP 2114 1924: 1861: 1846: 1773: 1655: 1644: 1631:National Museum of Egyptian Civilization 1616: 1573: 1509: 1465: 1307: 1154: 1067: 984: 980: 4541: 4519:Kozloff, Arielle; Bryan, Betsy (1992). 4301: 4126: 3732: 3617: 3611: 3567: 3464: 3216: 3204: 3192: 3175: 3156: 3027: 2979: 2762:. Glückstadt: J.J. Augustin. p. 30 2715: 2650:Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt Family Tree 1640: 1207:. Among these court officials were the 1099:. In Regnal Year 10, Amenhotep married 149: 27:Nibmu(`w)areya, Mimureya, Amenophis III 8576: 7312: 6677: 5779: 4805: 4645: 4546:Amenhotep III: Egypt's Radiant Pharaoh 4453: 4347: 4221: 4157: 3838: 3774: 3711: 3699: 3687: 3643: 3476: 3416: 3392: 3380: 3276: 3252: 3141: 3129: 3117: 3006: 2911: 2881: 2852: 2792: 2731:Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2171: 2167: 2157: 2057: 1947: 1943: 1794:, but the king built too close to the 1478:Evidence against a coregency includes 1324:. The letters come from the rulers of 921: 8284: 8164: 7281: 6646: 5748: 4774: 4736: 4686: 4628:O'Connor, David; Cline, Eric (1998). 4601: 4509: 4439:. London: Golden House Publications. 4325:Dodson, Aidan; Hilton, Dylan (2004). 4205:Chronologie des Pharaonischen Ägypten 4166: 4107: 3874: 3488: 3404: 3327: 3315:The Oxford Handbook of the Bronze Age 3312: 3300: 3288: 3264: 3240: 3228: 2752: 2682: 2512:Red Granite Statue, North East side, 2267: 2261: 2251: 2239: 2229: 2225: 2213: 2211: 2201: 2189: 2179: 2175: 2151: 2141: 2129: 2119: 2115: 2103: 2097: 2087: 2075: 2065: 2061: 2045: 2039: 2029: 2013: 2003: 1999: 1987: 1981: 1971: 1955: 1951: 1672:The resulting upheavals from his son 1230:; and the Viceroy of Kush, Merimose. 1035:Amenhotep IV (later called Akhenaten) 7817: 4709: 1008:In Regnal Year 2, Amenhotep married 633:"Amun is satisfied, ruler of Thebes" 4275:The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 3752:. December 15, 2014. Archived from 3058:(E-book ed.). Leiden; Boston: 1889:Sed Festival Stela of Amenhotep III 1607:, where it lay until discovered by 1569: 1525: 1059:colossal limestone group of statues 1024:throughout Amenhotep's reign. Many 13: 4108:Keita, S. O. Y. (September 2022). 4045:Hawass, Zahi; et al. (2012). 3668:The Obelisk Court of Amenhotep III 3618:Parisse, Emmanuel (5 April 2021). 3431:Daily News Egypt. February 6, 2014 2608:Depiction of Amenhotep III in the 2497:Right Inscriptions (Left Statue), 14: 8630: 8341:317a and 317b mummies (daughters) 4597:. University of California Press. 3583:Yearbook of Physical Anthropology 2925:. Facsimile in Internet Archive: 2482:Left Inscriptions (Left Statue), 2341:In 2022, S.O.Y. Keita analysed 8 1240: 1150: 502:"The possessor of the Maat of Re" 8359: 4725:Chronicle of the Queens of Egypt 4648:Akhenaten: Egypt's False Prophet 2616: 2601: 2585: 2573: 2554: 2535: 2520: 2505: 2490: 2475: 2460: 2445: 2430: 2415: 2399: 2383: 1495:Egyptian Ministry of Antiquities 1266: 880:Mortuary Temple of Amenhotep III 730: 672: 592: 542: 200: 8310: 4641:. University of Michigan Press. 4632:. University of Michigan Press. 4333:. London: Thames & Hudson. 4150: 4120: 4101: 4038: 3988: 3937: 3868: 3780: 3738: 3672: 3661: 3531: 3508:from the original on 7 May 2009 3494: 3434: 3422: 3345:Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 3321: 3306: 3045: 3012: 2822: 2810: 2369:might give different results". 1163:, Great Royal Wife of Amenhotep 1095:In addition to Tiye, Amenhotep 4687:Smith, Grafton Elliot (1912). 2798: 2734: 2721: 1627:Museum of Egyptian Antiquities 930:is satisfied"), also known as 1: 7775:Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator 4269:Cassirer, Manfred (1952). "A 4207:. Mainz: Philipp von Zabern. 3944:Narasimhan, Vagheesh (2019). 3893:10.1080/03014460.2019.1623319 3750:Latin American Herald Tribute 2896:, nos. 24, 57, 103 & 104. 2562: 2543: 1734:, just south of Cairo and at 1586:in the Western Valley of the 1582:Amenhotep was buried in tomb 1505: 1419: 620: 489: 365: 228: 104: 8535:The Curse of King Tut's Tomb 8503:The Curse of King Tut's Tomb 8495:Of Time, Tombs and Treasures 4762: 4565:Leprohon, Ronald J. (2013). 4542:Kozloff, Arielle P. (2012). 2670: 1518:, from Dahamsha, now in the 913: 628: 497: 373: 236: 112: 7: 8346:Amenhotep III (grandfather) 8331:"The Younger Lady" (mother) 7708:Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator 4435:Grajetzki, Wolfram (2005). 4389:. Oxford University Press. 4310:. Thames & Hudson Ltd. 3562:Reeves & Wilkinson 1996 2628: 1910:commemorative stone scarabs 1271:Amenhotep celebrated three 1258:the Palace of the Dazzling 10: 8635: 6607:Sekhemre-Heruhirmaat Intef 5991:Sekhemrekhutawy Sobekhotep 5755:Second Intermediate Period 4593:Lichtheim, Miriam (1980). 4456:A History of Ancient Egypt 4244:Blankenberg-van Delden, C. 3357:10.1177/030751339007600107 2437:Bulls Tail (Left Statue), 2376: 2169: 2051: 1945: 1933:Ancestors of Amenhotep III 1762:... additional temples at 1493:However in February 2014, 721: 687: 682: 643: 583: 557: 552: 514: 483:Prenomen (Praenomen) 457: 417: 414: 392: 333: 280: 277: 255: 191: 160: 155: 131: 8484: 8426: 8368: 8357: 8318: 8269: 8171: 8160: 8058:Lucius Mussius Aemilianus 7802: 7748:Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos 7643: 7615: 7600: 7563: 7535: 7495: 7477: 7427: 7360: 7345: 7303: 7299: 7277: 7227: 7204: 7137: 7060: 6998: 6950: 6935: 6868: 6815: 6727: 6712: 6668: 6664: 6653:Third Intermediate Period 6642: 6565: 6524: 6432: 6364: 6212: 5980: 5965: 5901: 5875: 5827: 5812: 5770: 5766: 5744: 5699: 5659: 5534: 5519: 5453: 5395: 5338: 5279: 5264: 5154: 5083: 5068: 4969: 4853: 4838: 4796: 4792: 4781:First Intermediate Period 4770: 4723:Tyldesley, Joyce (2006). 4646:Reeves, Nicholas (2000). 4306:Chronicle of the Pharaohs 4273:Stela of Amenophis III". 2727:Loprieno, Antonio (1995) 2245: 2227: 2219: 2195: 2177: 2173: 2135: 2117: 2109: 2081: 2063: 2059: 2023: 2001: 1993: 1965: 1949: 1778:Luxor Temple of Amenhotep 1593:Third Intermediate Period 932:Amenhotep the Magnificent 923:[ʔaˌmaːnəʔˈħutpu] 889: 871: 856: 848: 838: 828: 782: 756: 686: 619: 612: 556: 488: 481: 416: 364: 357: 279: 227: 220: 159: 103: 96: 85: 75: 65: 53: 46: 38:Statue of Amenhotep III, 31: 26: 21: 8614:Ancient Egyptian mummies 8594:14th-century BC pharaohs 7770:Cleopatra VII Philopator 6027:Ameny Antef Amenemhet VI 4785: (<3150–2040 BC) 4454:Grimal, Nicolas (1992). 4381:Fletcher, Joann (2000). 4167:Allen, James P. (2009). 4160:Akhenaten: King of Egypt 3788:The New Secrets of Luxor 3543:thebanmappingproject.com 3453:Kozloff & Bryan 1992 2992:Kozloff & Bryan 1992 2938:Dodson & Hilton 2004 2906:Kozloff & Bryan 1992 2894:Kozloff & Bryan 1992 2645:History of ancient Egypt 2610:Rijksmuseum van Oudheden 1786:on the west bank of the 8619:Children of Thutmose IV 7743:Ptolemy XI Alexander II 7658:Ptolemy II Philadelphus 5952:Seankhibtawy Seankhibra 4302:Clayton, Peter (1994). 4169:"The Amarna Succession" 3963:10.1126/science.aat7487 3881:Annals of Human Biology 3786:Simmons, Debra Adams, " 3502:"North Tombs at Amarna" 2753:Ranke, Hermann (1935). 2410:, Left of Statue above. 1660:Amenhotep, Luxor Museum 1635:Pharaohs' Golden Parade 1472:Cleveland Museum of Art 1304:International relations 1195:typical of the period. 1097:had several other wives 909: 504:The Lord of Truth is Re 370:Aa khepesh hui setjetiu 233:Semen hepu segereh tawy 8609:Ancient child monarchs 7785:Ptolemy XIV Philopator 7764:Cleopatra VI Tryphaena 7758:Berenice IV Epiphaneia 7713:Ptolemy VIII Euergetes 7683:Arsinoe III Philopator 6597:Sekhemre-Wepmaat Intef 6067:Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw 6007:Sekhemkare Amenemhat V 5598:Neferkare VI Pepiseneb 4727:. Thames & Hudson. 4650:. Thames & Hudson. 4348:Dorman, Peter (2009). 4254:. Leiden: E.J. Brill. 4162:. Thames & Hudson. 4158:Aldred, Cyril (1991). 2336:Indo-Iranian languages 1867: 1859: 1779: 1772: 1661: 1653: 1622: 1579: 1567: 1522: 1475: 1406: 1358: 1313: 1285:Amenhotep, son of Hapu 1234:Amenhotep, son of Hapu 1199:Court of Amenhotep III 1164: 1081: 990: 791:Amenhotep IV/Akhenaten 625:Imen hetepu heka waset 8563:Curse of the pharaohs 7733:Ptolemy X Alexander I 7698:Ptolemy VI Philometor 7678:Ptolemy IV Philopator 7673:Berenice II Euergetes 7668:Ptolemy III Euergetes 7630:Philip III Arrhidaeus 6139:Khahotepre Sobekhotep 6134:Merhotepre Sobekhotep 5488:Merenre Nemtyemsaf II 4657:Wilkinson, Richard H. 4487:10.1001/jama.2010.121 4201:Beckerath, Jürgen von 4015:10.1001/jama.2010.121 2527:Limestone Amenhotep, 2394:, from its left side. 2349:, Amenhotep III, and 2328:Pontic-Caspian steppe 1925:Ancestry and genetics 1865: 1850: 1777: 1748: 1659: 1648: 1620: 1577: 1563: 1513: 1469: 1393: 1354: 1311: 1158: 1071: 1031:Crown Prince Thutmose 1026:commemorative scarabs 988: 981:Family and early life 863:; Mummy found in the 8408:Meteoric iron dagger 8166:Dynastic genealogies 7790:Ptolemy XV Caesarion 7086:Tutkheperre Shoshenq 7000:High Priests of Amun 6502:Merankhre Mentuhotep 6204:Seheqenre Sankhptahi 6199:Sewadjare Mentuhotep 6052:Khaankhre Sobekhotep 5759: (2040–1550 BC) 5478:Merenre Nemtyemsaf I 3714:, pp. 224, 295. 3646:, pp. 223, 225. 3313:Cline, Eric (2012). 2467:Feet (Left Statue), 2452:Belt (Left Statue), 2359:Sub-Saharan Africans 1746:with new monuments: 1641:Monuments and legacy 1605:Nineteenth Dynasties 1548:Grafton Elliot Smith 629:Imn ḥtp(.w) ḥḳꜣ wꜣst 109:Ka nakht kha em maat 8604:Egyptian architects 8461:Lady Evelyn Herbert 8336:Ankhesenamun (wife) 7688:Ptolemy V Epiphanes 7625:Alexander the Great 6657: (1550–664 BC) 6179:Mershepsesre Ini II 6174:Merkawre Sobekhotep 5568:Neferkare IV Khendu 3455:, p. 39, fig. II.4. 2706:, pp. 102–104. 1588:Valley of the Kings 1480:Amarna Letter EA 27 1378:Amarna Letter EA 23 1111:. He later married 936:Amenhotep the Great 867:(Theban Necropolis) 8511:Mysteries of Egypt 8497:(1977 documentary) 8351:Tiye (grandmother) 8326:Akhenaten (father) 8025:Trebonianus Gallus 6612:Senakhtenre Ahmose 6230:Ya'ammu Nubwoserre 6184:Sewahenre Senebmiu 6159:Sankhenre Sewadjtu 5588:Neferkare V Tereru 5558:Neferkare III Neby 5226:Sekhemib-Perenmaat 4655:Reeves, Nicholas; 4609:The Amarna Letters 4458:. Blackwell Books. 3956:(6457): eaat7487. 3875:Silva, M. (2019). 3851:Hawass et al. 2010 3756:on August 25, 2018 3678:Urk. IV, 1677–1678 3596:10.1002/ajpa.22909 3443:thehistoryblog.com 3328:Muhly, D. (1998). 2660:Quay with Sphinxes 2334:and the spread of 2016:Merytre Hatshepsut 1902:Top and back view: 1868: 1860: 1780: 1662: 1654: 1651:Colossus of Memnon 1623: 1580: 1523: 1476: 1457:William J. Murnane 1346:Amarna Letter EA 4 1314: 1165: 1159:Amenhotep III and 1103:, the daughter of 1082: 1074:Walters Art Museum 1012:, the daughter of 991: 952:Eighteenth Dynasty 852:1353 BC or 1351 BC 8571: 8570: 8558:Steve Martin song 8553:(2016 miniseries) 8545:(2015 miniseries) 8446:Earl of Carnarvon 8278: 8277: 8265: 8264: 8156: 8155: 8152: 8151: 8148: 8147: 8072:Claudius Gothicus 7966:Severus Alexander 7933:Septimius Severus 7798: 7797: 7596: 7595: 7341: 7340: 7273: 7272: 7269: 7268: 7265: 7264: 6980:Osorkon the Elder 6931: 6930: 6708: 6707: 6638: 6637: 6634: 6633: 6630: 6629: 6602:Nubkheperre Intef 6482:Sekhemre Shedwast 6104:Sehetepkare Intef 6032:Semenkare Nebnuni 5961: 5960: 5808: 5807: 5740: 5739: 5736: 5735: 5732: 5731: 5515: 5514: 5493:Netjerkare Siptah 5415:Neferirkare Kakai 5260: 5259: 5064: 5063: 4834: 4833: 4689:The Royal Mummies 4603:Moran, William L. 4578:978-1-58983-736-2 4557:978-1-107-01196-0 4446:978-0-9547218-9-3 4420:978-80-7308-979-5 4396:978-0-19-521660-8 4366:978-90-04-17644-7 4261:978-90-04-00474-0 4185:978-90-04-17644-7 4140:978-1-000-88066-3 4063:10.1136/bmj.e8268 3926:Sintashta culture 3841:, pp. 11–12. 3777:, pp. 3, 14. 3419:, pp. 75–78. 3407:, pp. 87–89. 3267:, pp. 61–62. 3120:, pp. 16–17. 3069:978-90-04-26477-9 2343:Short Tandem loci 2311: 2310: 2307: 2306: 1855:(1213–1203 a.c.) 1804:Colossi of Memnon 1554:from the tomb of 1453:Donald B. Redford 1350:Kadashman-Enlil I 1205:Theban Necropolis 899: 898: 894:18th Dynasty 884:Colossi of Memnon 750: 749: 746: 745: 742: 741: 738: 737: 725: 724: 717: 716: 713: 712: 663: 662: 659: 658: 608: 607: 604: 603: 600: 599: 587: 586: 579: 578: 575: 574: 533: 532: 529: 528: 477: 476: 473: 472: 469: 468: 461: 460: 455: 454: 451: 450: 408: 407: 404: 403: 353: 352: 349: 348: 345: 344: 337: 336: 331: 330: 327: 326: 271: 270: 267: 266: 237:smn hpw sgrḥ tꜣwy 216: 215: 212: 211: 208: 207: 195: 194: 187: 186: 183: 182: 147: 146: 143: 142: 8626: 8529:(2005 TV series) 8456:Arthur Callender 8393:Head of Nefertem 8363: 8305: 8298: 8291: 8282: 8281: 8272:List of pharaohs 8162: 8161: 7927:Pescennius Niger 7815: 7814: 7811: 7810: 7723:Ptolemy IX Soter 7693:Cleopatra I Syra 7613: 7612: 7609: 7608: 7358: 7357: 7354: 7353: 7310: 7309: 7301: 7300: 7294: 7293: 7279: 7278: 7030:Djedkhonsuefankh 6948: 6947: 6944: 6943: 6725: 6724: 6721: 6720: 6695: 6690: 6675: 6674: 6666: 6665: 6659: 6658: 6644: 6643: 6237:Qareh Khawoserre 6223:Yakbim Sekhaenre 6164:Mersekhemre Ined 5978: 5977: 5974: 5973: 5825: 5824: 5821: 5820: 5777: 5776: 5768: 5767: 5761: 5760: 5746: 5745: 5532: 5531: 5528: 5527: 5277: 5276: 5273: 5272: 5081: 5080: 5077: 5076: 4851: 4850: 4847: 4846: 4803: 4802: 4794: 4793: 4787: 4786: 4772: 4771: 4757: 4750: 4743: 4734: 4733: 4728: 4719: 4706: 4700: 4692: 4683: 4681: 4679: 4651: 4642: 4633: 4624: 4612: 4598: 4589: 4587: 4585: 4561: 4549: 4538: 4532: 4524: 4515: 4506: 4504: 4502: 4489: 4469: 4459: 4450: 4431: 4429: 4427: 4400: 4388: 4377: 4375: 4373: 4354: 4344: 4332: 4321: 4309: 4298: 4265: 4253: 4239: 4218: 4196: 4194: 4192: 4173: 4163: 4145: 4144: 4124: 4118: 4117: 4105: 4099: 4098: 4092: 4074: 4057:(e8268): e8268. 4042: 4036: 4035: 4017: 3992: 3986: 3985: 3975: 3965: 3941: 3935: 3934: 3904: 3872: 3866: 3860: 3854: 3848: 3842: 3836: 3830: 3824: 3815: 3809: 3803: 3797: 3791: 3784: 3778: 3772: 3766: 3765: 3763: 3761: 3742: 3736: 3730: 3715: 3709: 3703: 3697: 3691: 3685: 3679: 3676: 3670: 3665: 3659: 3653: 3647: 3641: 3635: 3634: 3632: 3630: 3615: 3609: 3608: 3598: 3589:(S61): 216–231. 3574: 3565: 3559: 3553: 3552: 3550: 3549: 3535: 3529: 3523: 3517: 3516: 3514: 3513: 3498: 3492: 3486: 3480: 3474: 3468: 3462: 3456: 3450: 3444: 3438: 3432: 3426: 3420: 3414: 3408: 3402: 3396: 3390: 3384: 3378: 3369: 3368: 3340: 3334: 3333: 3325: 3319: 3318: 3310: 3304: 3298: 3292: 3286: 3280: 3274: 3268: 3262: 3256: 3250: 3244: 3238: 3232: 3226: 3220: 3214: 3208: 3202: 3196: 3190: 3179: 3173: 3160: 3154: 3145: 3139: 3133: 3127: 3121: 3115: 3109: 3108: 3102: 3098: 3096: 3088: 3086: 3084: 3049: 3043: 3037: 3031: 3025: 3019: 3016: 3010: 3004: 2995: 2989: 2983: 2977: 2968: 2962: 2953: 2947: 2941: 2935: 2929: 2915: 2909: 2903: 2897: 2891: 2885: 2879: 2868: 2862: 2856: 2850: 2844: 2838: 2832: 2826: 2820: 2814: 2808: 2802: 2796: 2790: 2784: 2778: 2772: 2771: 2769: 2767: 2761: 2750: 2744: 2738: 2732: 2725: 2719: 2713: 2707: 2701: 2686: 2680: 2655:List of pharaohs 2620: 2605: 2589: 2577: 2567: 2564: 2558: 2548: 2545: 2539: 2524: 2509: 2494: 2479: 2464: 2449: 2434: 2419: 2403: 2387: 1939: 1938: 1930: 1929: 1830:cache of statues 1691:, including the 1570:Burial and mummy 1526:Health and death 1374:William L. Moran 1135:; a daughter of 1127:; a daughter of 1022:Great Royal Wife 946:, was the ninth 925: 920: 916: 906:Ancient Egyptian 865:KV35 royal cache 812:The Younger Lady 734: 733: 692: 691: 688: 680: 676: 675: 669: 648: 647: 644: 640: 631: 621: 596: 595: 562: 561: 558: 550: 546: 545: 539: 519: 518: 515: 511: 500: 490: 422: 421: 418: 412: 397: 396: 393: 389: 385: 384: 376: 374:ˁꜣ-ḫpš ḥwi sṯtyw 366: 285: 284: 281: 275: 260: 259: 256: 252: 248: 247: 239: 229: 204: 203: 165: 164: 161: 153: 136: 135: 132: 128: 124: 123: 115: 113:Kꜣ nḫt ḫˁ m mꜣˁt 105: 94: 93: 36: 19: 18: 8634: 8633: 8629: 8628: 8627: 8625: 8624: 8623: 8589:1350s BC deaths 8574: 8573: 8572: 8567: 8486: 8480: 8422: 8370: 8364: 8355: 8314: 8309: 8279: 8274: 8261: 8167: 8144: 8044:Macrianus Minor 7973:Maximinus Thrax 7909:Marcus Aurelius 7808: 7807: 7806: 7794: 7653:Ptolemy I Soter 7639: 7606: 7605: 7604: 7592: 7559: 7531: 7491: 7473: 7453:Psammetichus IV 7423: 7351: 7350: 7349: 7337: 7315: 7306: 7295: 7292:(664 BC–313 AD) 7291: 7290: 7261: 7223: 7200: 7196:Menkheperre Ini 7133: 7056: 6994: 6941: 6940: 6939: 6927: 6864: 6811: 6792:Neferneferuaten 6718: 6717: 6716: 6704: 6703: 6693: 6688: 6687:Pharaohs 6680: 6671: 6660: 6656: 6655: 6626: 6561: 6520: 6447:Sobekhotep VIII 6428: 6360: 6208: 6169:Sewadjkare Hori 5971: 5970: 5969: 5957: 5897: 5871: 5818: 5817: 5816: 5804: 5782: 5773: 5762: 5758: 5757: 5728: 5695: 5655: 5563:Djedkare Shemai 5525: 5524: 5523: 5511: 5449: 5391: 5334: 5270: 5269: 5268: 5256: 5150: 5074: 5073: 5072: 5060: 4965: 4844: 4843: 4842: 4830: 4808: 4799: 4788: 4784: 4783: 4766: 4761: 4731: 4694: 4693: 4677: 4675: 4673: 4621: 4583: 4581: 4579: 4558: 4526: 4525: 4500: 4498: 4467: 4447: 4425: 4423: 4421: 4397: 4371: 4369: 4367: 4352: 4341: 4318: 4287:10.2307/3855505 4262: 4236: 4215: 4190: 4188: 4186: 4171: 4153: 4148: 4141: 4125: 4121: 4106: 4102: 4043: 4039: 3993: 3989: 3942: 3938: 3873: 3869: 3863:Gad et al. 2020 3861: 3857: 3849: 3845: 3837: 3833: 3825: 3818: 3810: 3806: 3798: 3794: 3785: 3781: 3773: 3769: 3759: 3757: 3744: 3743: 3739: 3731: 3718: 3710: 3706: 3698: 3694: 3686: 3682: 3677: 3673: 3666: 3662: 3654: 3650: 3642: 3638: 3628: 3626: 3616: 3612: 3575: 3568: 3560: 3556: 3547: 3545: 3537: 3536: 3532: 3524: 3520: 3511: 3509: 3500: 3499: 3495: 3487: 3483: 3475: 3471: 3463: 3459: 3451: 3447: 3439: 3435: 3427: 3423: 3415: 3411: 3403: 3399: 3391: 3387: 3379: 3372: 3341: 3337: 3326: 3322: 3311: 3307: 3299: 3295: 3287: 3283: 3275: 3271: 3263: 3259: 3251: 3247: 3239: 3235: 3227: 3223: 3215: 3211: 3203: 3199: 3191: 3182: 3174: 3163: 3155: 3148: 3140: 3136: 3128: 3124: 3116: 3112: 3100: 3099: 3090: 3089: 3082: 3080: 3070: 3050: 3046: 3038: 3034: 3026: 3022: 3018:Urk. IV 1665–66 3017: 3013: 3005: 2998: 2990: 2986: 2978: 2971: 2963: 2956: 2948: 2944: 2936: 2932: 2916: 2912: 2904: 2900: 2892: 2888: 2880: 2871: 2863: 2859: 2851: 2847: 2839: 2835: 2827: 2823: 2815: 2811: 2803: 2799: 2791: 2787: 2779: 2775: 2765: 2763: 2759: 2751: 2747: 2739: 2735: 2726: 2722: 2714: 2710: 2702: 2689: 2681: 2677: 2673: 2631: 2624: 2621: 2612: 2606: 2597: 2590: 2581: 2578: 2569: 2566: 1400 BCE 2565: 2559: 2550: 2547: 1400 BCE 2546: 2540: 2531: 2525: 2516: 2510: 2501: 2495: 2486: 2480: 2471: 2465: 2456: 2450: 2441: 2435: 2426: 2420: 2411: 2404: 2395: 2388: 2379: 2312: 1927: 1857:Egyptian Museum 1784:mortuary temple 1711:of the deities 1643: 1572: 1528: 1508: 1445:Nicholas Reeves 1431: 1422: 1376:'s analysis of 1306: 1269: 1243: 1228:Amenhotep (Huy) 1201: 1153: 1129:Kadashman-Enlil 1020:. Tiye was the 983: 918: 820: 815: 809: 805: 801: 797: 793: 789: 775: 771: 767: 763: 752: 751: 731: 699: 673: 655: 634: 632: 626: 593: 543: 505: 503: 501: 495: 439: 428: 426: 379: 377: 371: 322: 320: 312: 304: 299: 294: 292: 242: 240: 234: 201: 169: 118: 116: 110: 91: 60: 42: 17: 12: 11: 5: 8632: 8622: 8621: 8616: 8611: 8606: 8601: 8596: 8591: 8586: 8569: 8568: 8566: 8565: 8560: 8555: 8547: 8539: 8531: 8523: 8515: 8507: 8499: 8490: 8488: 8482: 8481: 8479: 8478: 8473: 8471:Albert Lythgoe 8468: 8463: 8458: 8453: 8448: 8443: 8438: 8432: 8430: 8424: 8423: 8421: 8420: 8415: 8410: 8405: 8400: 8395: 8390: 8385: 8380: 8374: 8372: 8366: 8365: 8358: 8356: 8354: 8353: 8348: 8343: 8338: 8333: 8328: 8322: 8320: 8316: 8315: 8308: 8307: 8300: 8293: 8285: 8276: 8275: 8270: 8267: 8266: 8263: 8262: 8260: 8259: 8254: 8249: 8244: 8239: 8234: 8229: 8224: 8219: 8214: 8209: 8204: 8199: 8194: 8189: 8184: 8181: 8178: 8172: 8169: 8168: 8158: 8157: 8154: 8153: 8150: 8149: 8146: 8145: 8143: 8142: 8140:Maximinus Daza 8137: 8132: 8127: 8122: 8115: 8108: 8101: 8096: 8089: 8082: 8075: 8068: 8061: 8054: 8047: 8040: 8035: 8028: 8021: 8016: 8011: 8004: 7997: 7990: 7983: 7976: 7969: 7962: 7955: 7950: 7945: 7940: 7935: 7930: 7923: 7916: 7911: 7906: 7901: 7899:Antoninus Pius 7896: 7891: 7886: 7881: 7876: 7871: 7866: 7859: 7854: 7849: 7844: 7839: 7834: 7829: 7823: 7821: 7812: 7809:(30 BC–313 AD) 7800: 7799: 7796: 7795: 7793: 7792: 7787: 7782: 7777: 7772: 7767: 7760: 7755: 7750: 7745: 7740: 7735: 7730: 7725: 7720: 7715: 7710: 7705: 7700: 7695: 7690: 7685: 7680: 7675: 7670: 7665: 7660: 7655: 7649: 7647: 7641: 7640: 7638: 7637: 7632: 7627: 7621: 7619: 7610: 7598: 7597: 7594: 7593: 7591: 7590: 7585: 7580: 7575: 7573:Artaxerxes III 7569: 7567: 7561: 7560: 7558: 7557: 7552: 7547: 7541: 7539: 7533: 7532: 7530: 7529: 7522: 7517: 7512: 7507: 7501: 7499: 7493: 7492: 7490: 7489: 7483: 7481: 7475: 7474: 7472: 7471: 7466: 7461: 7456: 7449: 7444: 7442:Petubastis III 7439: 7433: 7431: 7425: 7424: 7422: 7421: 7416: 7411: 7406: 7401: 7396: 7391: 7386: 7379: 7374: 7366: 7364: 7355: 7343: 7342: 7339: 7338: 7336: 7335: 7330: 7329: 7328: 7325: 7318: 7316: 7313: 7307: 7304: 7297: 7296: 7275: 7274: 7271: 7270: 7267: 7266: 7263: 7262: 7260: 7259: 7254: 7249: 7244: 7239: 7233: 7231: 7225: 7224: 7222: 7221: 7216: 7210: 7208: 7202: 7201: 7199: 7198: 7193: 7186: 7181: 7176: 7171: 7166: 7159: 7154: 7149: 7143: 7141: 7135: 7134: 7132: 7131: 7126: 7119: 7114: 7109: 7104: 7099: 7094: 7089: 7082: 7077: 7072: 7066: 7064: 7058: 7057: 7055: 7054: 7047: 7042: 7037: 7032: 7027: 7022: 7017: 7010: 7004: 7002: 6996: 6995: 6993: 6992: 6987: 6982: 6977: 6972: 6967: 6962: 6956: 6954: 6945: 6937:3 Intermediate 6933: 6932: 6929: 6928: 6926: 6925: 6920: 6915: 6910: 6905: 6900: 6895: 6890: 6885: 6880: 6874: 6872: 6866: 6865: 6863: 6862: 6857: 6852: 6847: 6842: 6837: 6832: 6827: 6821: 6819: 6813: 6812: 6810: 6809: 6804: 6799: 6794: 6789: 6784: 6779: 6774: 6769: 6764: 6759: 6754: 6749: 6744: 6739: 6733: 6731: 6722: 6719:(1550–1070 BC) 6710: 6709: 6706: 6705: 6702: 6701: 6696: 6691: 6684: 6683: 6681: 6678: 6672: 6669: 6662: 6661: 6640: 6639: 6636: 6635: 6632: 6631: 6628: 6627: 6625: 6624: 6619: 6614: 6609: 6604: 6599: 6594: 6589: 6584: 6577: 6571: 6569: 6563: 6562: 6560: 6559: 6552: 6545: 6538: 6530: 6528: 6522: 6521: 6519: 6518: 6511: 6504: 6499: 6494: 6489: 6484: 6479: 6474: 6469: 6464: 6459: 6454: 6452:Neferhotep III 6449: 6444: 6438: 6436: 6430: 6429: 6427: 6426: 6421: 6416: 6409: 6404: 6399: 6392: 6385: 6378: 6370: 6368: 6362: 6361: 6359: 6358: 6351: 6344: 6337: 6330: 6323: 6316: 6309: 6304: 6299: 6294: 6289: 6284: 6282:Sewadjkare III 6279: 6274: 6269: 6264: 6259: 6254: 6251:Maaibre Sheshi 6247: 6244:'Ammu Ahotepre 6240: 6233: 6226: 6218: 6216: 6210: 6209: 6207: 6206: 6201: 6196: 6191: 6186: 6181: 6176: 6171: 6166: 6161: 6156: 6154:Merhotepre Ini 6151: 6146: 6141: 6136: 6131: 6126: 6121: 6116: 6114:Sobekhotep III 6111: 6106: 6101: 6096: 6091: 6084: 6079: 6074: 6069: 6064: 6059: 6054: 6049: 6044: 6039: 6034: 6029: 6024: 6019: 6014: 6009: 6004: 5999: 5994: 5986: 5984: 5975: 5972:(1802–1550 BC) 5967:2 Intermediate 5963: 5962: 5959: 5958: 5956: 5955: 5948: 5943: 5938: 5933: 5928: 5923: 5918: 5913: 5907: 5905: 5899: 5898: 5896: 5895: 5890: 5885: 5879: 5877: 5873: 5872: 5870: 5869: 5864: 5862:Mentuhotep III 5859: 5854: 5849: 5844: 5839: 5833: 5831: 5822: 5819:(2040–1802 BC) 5814:Middle Kingdom 5810: 5809: 5806: 5805: 5803: 5802: 5797: 5796: 5795: 5792: 5785: 5783: 5780: 5774: 5771: 5764: 5763: 5751:Middle Kingdom 5742: 5741: 5738: 5737: 5734: 5733: 5730: 5729: 5727: 5726: 5721: 5716: 5714:Neferkare VIII 5711: 5705: 5703: 5697: 5696: 5694: 5693: 5686: 5681: 5679:Nebkaure Khety 5676: 5671: 5669:Meryibre Khety 5665: 5663: 5657: 5656: 5654: 5653: 5646: 5639: 5632: 5625: 5620: 5615: 5610: 5605: 5603:Neferkamin Anu 5600: 5595: 5590: 5585: 5580: 5575: 5570: 5565: 5560: 5555: 5550: 5544: 5542: 5529: 5526:(2181–2040 BC) 5521:1 Intermediate 5517: 5516: 5513: 5512: 5510: 5509: 5502: 5495: 5490: 5485: 5480: 5475: 5470: 5465: 5459: 5457: 5451: 5450: 5448: 5447: 5442: 5440:Djedkare Isesi 5437: 5435:Menkauhor Kaiu 5432: 5427: 5422: 5417: 5412: 5407: 5401: 5399: 5393: 5392: 5390: 5389: 5382: 5377: 5372: 5365: 5360: 5355: 5350: 5344: 5342: 5336: 5335: 5333: 5332: 5327: 5320: 5313: 5308: 5301: 5296: 5291: 5285: 5283: 5274: 5271:(2686–2181 BC) 5262: 5261: 5258: 5257: 5255: 5254: 5249: 5242: 5235: 5228: 5223: 5218: 5211: 5204: 5197: 5190: 5183: 5176: 5171: 5166: 5160: 5158: 5152: 5151: 5149: 5148: 5141: 5134: 5129: 5124: 5119: 5114: 5109: 5104: 5099: 5089: 5087: 5078: 5075:(3150–2686 BC) 5070:Early Dynastic 5066: 5065: 5062: 5061: 5059: 5058: 5049: 5042: 5037: 5032: 5025: 5018: 5011: 5004: 4997: 4990: 4983: 4975: 4973: 4967: 4966: 4964: 4963: 4956: 4951: 4944: 4937: 4930: 4923: 4916: 4909: 4902: 4895: 4888: 4881: 4874: 4867: 4859: 4857: 4848: 4836: 4835: 4832: 4831: 4829: 4828: 4823: 4822: 4821: 4818: 4811: 4809: 4806: 4800: 4797: 4790: 4789: 4768: 4767: 4760: 4759: 4752: 4745: 4737: 4730: 4729: 4720: 4707: 4684: 4671: 4652: 4643: 4634: 4625: 4619: 4599: 4590: 4577: 4562: 4556: 4539: 4516: 4514:. Pt 1, Vol 2. 4507: 4480:(7): 638–647. 4460: 4451: 4445: 4432: 4419: 4401: 4395: 4378: 4365: 4345: 4339: 4322: 4316: 4299: 4266: 4260: 4240: 4234: 4219: 4213: 4197: 4184: 4164: 4154: 4152: 4149: 4147: 4146: 4139: 4119: 4100: 4037: 4008:(7): 638–647. 3987: 3936: 3887:(2): 140–144. 3867: 3855: 3843: 3831: 3829:, p. 130. 3816: 3814:, p. 129. 3804: 3802:, p. 128. 3792: 3779: 3767: 3737: 3735:, p. 118. 3716: 3704: 3702:, p. 224. 3692: 3690:, p. 223. 3680: 3671: 3660: 3658:, p. 162. 3648: 3636: 3610: 3566: 3564:, p. 198. 3554: 3530: 3528:, p. 161. 3518: 3493: 3481: 3479:, p. 225. 3469: 3467:, p. 119. 3457: 3445: 3433: 3421: 3409: 3397: 3385: 3370: 3335: 3320: 3305: 3293: 3281: 3269: 3257: 3245: 3243:, p. 346. 3233: 3221: 3219:, p. 195. 3209: 3207:, p. 190. 3197: 3195:, p. 189. 3180: 3178:, p. 182. 3161: 3159:, p. 192. 3146: 3134: 3122: 3110: 3101:|journal= 3068: 3062:. p. 29. 3044: 3042:, p. 104. 3040:Lichtheim 1980 3032: 3030:, p. 197. 3020: 3011: 2996: 2984: 2982:, p. 194. 2969: 2965:Grajetzki 2005 2954: 2952:, p. 156. 2942: 2940:, p. 154. 2930: 2910: 2898: 2886: 2869: 2865:Tyldesley 2006 2857: 2845: 2833: 2821: 2809: 2797: 2785: 2783:, p. 190. 2781:Beckerath 1997 2773: 2745: 2733: 2720: 2718:, p. 112. 2708: 2687: 2674: 2672: 2669: 2668: 2667: 2662: 2657: 2652: 2647: 2642: 2637: 2630: 2627: 2626: 2625: 2622: 2615: 2613: 2607: 2600: 2598: 2591: 2584: 2582: 2579: 2572: 2570: 2560: 2553: 2551: 2541: 2534: 2532: 2529:British Museum 2526: 2519: 2517: 2514:British Museum 2511: 2504: 2502: 2499:British Museum 2496: 2489: 2487: 2484:British Museum 2481: 2474: 2472: 2469:British Museum 2466: 2459: 2457: 2454:British Museum 2451: 2444: 2442: 2439:British Museum 2436: 2429: 2427: 2424:British Museum 2421: 2414: 2412: 2408:British Museum 2405: 2398: 2396: 2392:British Museum 2389: 2382: 2378: 2375: 2309: 2308: 2305: 2304: 2302: 2300: 2298: 2296: 2294: 2292: 2290: 2288: 2286: 2284: 2282: 2280: 2278: 2275: 2274: 2272: 2269: 2268: 2266: 2260: 2257: 2256: 2253: 2252: 2250: 2247: 2246: 2244: 2241: 2240: 2238: 2235: 2234: 2231: 2230: 2228: 2226: 2224: 2221: 2220: 2218: 2215: 2214: 2212: 2210: 2207: 2206: 2203: 2202: 2200: 2197: 2196: 2194: 2191: 2190: 2188: 2185: 2184: 2181: 2180: 2178: 2176: 2174: 2172: 2170: 2168: 2166: 2163: 2162: 2159: 2158: 2156: 2150: 2147: 2146: 2143: 2142: 2140: 2137: 2136: 2134: 2131: 2130: 2128: 2125: 2124: 2121: 2120: 2118: 2116: 2114: 2111: 2110: 2108: 2105: 2104: 2102: 2096: 2093: 2092: 2089: 2088: 2086: 2083: 2082: 2080: 2077: 2076: 2074: 2071: 2070: 2067: 2066: 2064: 2062: 2060: 2058: 2056: 2053: 2052: 2050: 2047: 2046: 2044: 2038: 2035: 2034: 2031: 2030: 2028: 2025: 2024: 2022: 2019: 2018: 2012: 2009: 2008: 2005: 2004: 2002: 2000: 1998: 1995: 1994: 1992: 1989: 1988: 1986: 1980: 1977: 1976: 1973: 1972: 1970: 1967: 1966: 1964: 1961: 1960: 1954: 1952: 1950: 1948: 1946: 1944: 1942: 1935: 1934: 1928: 1926: 1923: 1736:Dayr al-Barsha 1642: 1639: 1571: 1568: 1527: 1524: 1514:Amenhotep and 1507: 1504: 1430: 1427: 1421: 1418: 1318:Amarna Letters 1305: 1302: 1268: 1265: 1245:The palace of 1242: 1241:Malkata Palace 1239: 1200: 1197: 1152: 1151:Life and reign 1149: 1115:, daughter of 982: 979: 897: 896: 891: 887: 886: 873: 869: 868: 858: 854: 853: 850: 846: 845: 840: 836: 835: 830: 826: 825: 784: 780: 779: 758: 754: 753: 748: 747: 744: 743: 740: 739: 736: 735: 728: 726: 723: 722: 719: 718: 715: 714: 711: 710: 707: 704: 701: 696: 684: 683: 677: 666: 664: 661: 660: 657: 656: 652: 636: 635: 624: 617: 616: 610: 609: 606: 605: 602: 601: 598: 597: 590: 588: 585: 584: 581: 580: 577: 576: 573: 572: 569: 566: 554: 553: 547: 536: 534: 531: 530: 527: 526: 523: 507: 506: 493: 486: 485: 479: 478: 475: 474: 471: 470: 467: 466: 464: 462: 459: 458: 456: 453: 452: 449: 448: 445: 442: 436: 433: 430: 415: 409: 406: 405: 402: 401: 381: 380: 369: 362: 361: 355: 354: 351: 350: 347: 346: 343: 342: 340: 338: 335: 334: 332: 329: 328: 325: 324: 317: 314: 309: 306: 301: 296: 289: 278: 272: 269: 268: 265: 264: 244: 243: 232: 225: 224: 218: 217: 214: 213: 210: 209: 206: 205: 198: 196: 193: 192: 189: 188: 185: 184: 181: 180: 177: 174: 171: 157: 156: 150: 148: 145: 144: 141: 140: 120: 119: 108: 101: 100: 92: 89:Royal titulary 87: 86: 83: 82: 77: 73: 72: 67: 63: 62: 57: 51: 50: 44: 43: 40:British Museum 37: 29: 28: 24: 23: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8631: 8620: 8617: 8615: 8612: 8610: 8607: 8605: 8602: 8600: 8597: 8595: 8592: 8590: 8587: 8585: 8584:Amenhotep III 8582: 8581: 8579: 8564: 8561: 8559: 8556: 8554: 8552: 8548: 8546: 8544: 8540: 8538: 8536: 8532: 8530: 8528: 8524: 8522: 8521:(2003 series) 8520: 8516: 8514: 8512: 8508: 8506: 8504: 8500: 8498: 8496: 8492: 8491: 8489: 8483: 8477: 8474: 8472: 8469: 8467: 8464: 8462: 8459: 8457: 8454: 8452: 8449: 8447: 8444: 8442: 8441:Howard Carter 8439: 8437: 8434: 8433: 8431: 8429: 8425: 8419: 8416: 8414: 8411: 8409: 8406: 8404: 8401: 8399: 8398:Lotus chalice 8396: 8394: 8391: 8389: 8388:Anubis Shrine 8386: 8384: 8381: 8379: 8376: 8375: 8373: 8369:Artifacts and 8367: 8362: 8352: 8349: 8347: 8344: 8342: 8339: 8337: 8334: 8332: 8329: 8327: 8324: 8323: 8321: 8317: 8313: 8306: 8301: 8299: 8294: 8292: 8287: 8286: 8283: 8273: 8268: 8258: 8255: 8253: 8250: 8248: 8245: 8243: 8240: 8238: 8235: 8233: 8230: 8228: 8225: 8223: 8220: 8218: 8215: 8213: 8210: 8208: 8205: 8203: 8200: 8198: 8195: 8193: 8190: 8188: 8185: 8182: 8179: 8177: 8174: 8173: 8170: 8163: 8159: 8141: 8138: 8136: 8133: 8131: 8128: 8126: 8123: 8121: 8120: 8116: 8114: 8113: 8109: 8107: 8106: 8102: 8100: 8097: 8095: 8094: 8090: 8088: 8087: 8083: 8081: 8080: 8076: 8074: 8073: 8069: 8067: 8066: 8062: 8060: 8059: 8055: 8053: 8052: 8048: 8046: 8045: 8041: 8039: 8036: 8034: 8033: 8029: 8027: 8026: 8022: 8020: 8017: 8015: 8012: 8010: 8009: 8005: 8003: 8002: 7998: 7996: 7995: 7991: 7989: 7988: 7984: 7982: 7981: 7977: 7975: 7974: 7970: 7968: 7967: 7963: 7961: 7960: 7956: 7954: 7951: 7949: 7946: 7944: 7941: 7939: 7936: 7934: 7931: 7929: 7928: 7924: 7922: 7921: 7917: 7915: 7912: 7910: 7907: 7905: 7902: 7900: 7897: 7895: 7892: 7890: 7887: 7885: 7882: 7880: 7877: 7875: 7872: 7870: 7867: 7865: 7864: 7860: 7858: 7855: 7853: 7850: 7848: 7845: 7843: 7840: 7838: 7835: 7833: 7830: 7828: 7825: 7824: 7822: 7820: 7816: 7813: 7805: 7801: 7791: 7788: 7786: 7783: 7781: 7778: 7776: 7773: 7771: 7768: 7766: 7765: 7761: 7759: 7756: 7754: 7751: 7749: 7746: 7744: 7741: 7739: 7736: 7734: 7731: 7729: 7726: 7724: 7721: 7719: 7718:Cleopatra III 7716: 7714: 7711: 7709: 7706: 7704: 7701: 7699: 7696: 7694: 7691: 7689: 7686: 7684: 7681: 7679: 7676: 7674: 7671: 7669: 7666: 7664: 7661: 7659: 7656: 7654: 7651: 7650: 7648: 7646: 7642: 7636: 7633: 7631: 7628: 7626: 7623: 7622: 7620: 7618: 7614: 7611: 7603: 7599: 7589: 7586: 7584: 7581: 7579: 7576: 7574: 7571: 7570: 7568: 7566: 7562: 7556: 7553: 7551: 7548: 7546: 7543: 7542: 7540: 7538: 7534: 7528: 7527: 7523: 7521: 7520:Nepherites II 7518: 7516: 7513: 7511: 7508: 7506: 7503: 7502: 7500: 7498: 7494: 7488: 7485: 7484: 7482: 7480: 7476: 7470: 7467: 7465: 7462: 7460: 7457: 7455: 7454: 7450: 7448: 7445: 7443: 7440: 7438: 7435: 7434: 7432: 7430: 7426: 7420: 7417: 7415: 7412: 7410: 7407: 7405: 7402: 7400: 7397: 7395: 7392: 7390: 7387: 7385: 7384: 7380: 7378: 7375: 7373: 7372: 7368: 7367: 7365: 7363: 7359: 7356: 7348: 7344: 7334: 7331: 7326: 7323: 7322: 7320: 7319: 7317: 7311: 7308: 7302: 7298: 7289: 7285: 7280: 7276: 7258: 7255: 7253: 7250: 7248: 7245: 7243: 7240: 7238: 7235: 7234: 7232: 7230: 7226: 7220: 7217: 7215: 7212: 7211: 7209: 7207: 7203: 7197: 7194: 7192: 7191: 7187: 7185: 7182: 7180: 7177: 7175: 7172: 7170: 7167: 7165: 7164: 7160: 7158: 7155: 7153: 7150: 7148: 7145: 7144: 7142: 7140: 7136: 7130: 7127: 7125: 7124: 7120: 7118: 7115: 7113: 7110: 7108: 7105: 7103: 7100: 7098: 7095: 7093: 7090: 7088: 7087: 7083: 7081: 7078: 7076: 7073: 7071: 7068: 7067: 7065: 7063: 7059: 7053: 7052: 7051:Psusennes III 7048: 7046: 7043: 7041: 7038: 7036: 7033: 7031: 7028: 7026: 7023: 7021: 7018: 7016: 7015: 7011: 7009: 7006: 7005: 7003: 7001: 6997: 6991: 6988: 6986: 6983: 6981: 6978: 6976: 6973: 6971: 6968: 6966: 6963: 6961: 6958: 6957: 6955: 6953: 6949: 6946: 6942:(1069–664 BC) 6938: 6934: 6924: 6921: 6919: 6916: 6914: 6911: 6909: 6908:Ramesses VIII 6906: 6904: 6901: 6899: 6896: 6894: 6891: 6889: 6886: 6884: 6881: 6879: 6876: 6875: 6873: 6871: 6867: 6861: 6858: 6856: 6853: 6851: 6848: 6846: 6843: 6841: 6838: 6836: 6833: 6831: 6828: 6826: 6823: 6822: 6820: 6818: 6814: 6808: 6805: 6803: 6800: 6798: 6795: 6793: 6790: 6788: 6785: 6783: 6780: 6778: 6777:Amenhotep III 6775: 6773: 6770: 6768: 6765: 6763: 6760: 6758: 6755: 6753: 6750: 6748: 6745: 6743: 6740: 6738: 6735: 6734: 6732: 6730: 6726: 6723: 6715: 6711: 6700: 6697: 6692: 6686: 6685: 6682: 6676: 6673: 6667: 6663: 6654: 6650: 6645: 6641: 6623: 6620: 6618: 6617:Seqenenre Tao 6615: 6613: 6610: 6608: 6605: 6603: 6600: 6598: 6595: 6593: 6592:Sobekemsaf II 6590: 6588: 6585: 6583: 6582: 6578: 6576: 6573: 6572: 6570: 6568: 6564: 6558: 6557: 6553: 6551: 6550: 6546: 6544: 6543: 6542:Wepwawetemsaf 6539: 6537: 6536: 6532: 6531: 6529: 6527: 6523: 6517: 6516: 6512: 6510: 6509: 6505: 6503: 6500: 6498: 6495: 6493: 6490: 6488: 6485: 6483: 6480: 6478: 6475: 6473: 6470: 6468: 6465: 6463: 6460: 6458: 6455: 6453: 6450: 6448: 6445: 6443: 6440: 6439: 6437: 6435: 6431: 6425: 6422: 6420: 6417: 6415: 6414: 6410: 6408: 6405: 6403: 6400: 6398: 6397: 6393: 6391: 6390: 6386: 6384: 6383: 6379: 6377: 6376: 6372: 6371: 6369: 6367: 6363: 6357: 6356: 6352: 6350: 6349: 6345: 6343: 6342: 6338: 6336: 6335: 6331: 6329: 6328: 6324: 6322: 6321: 6317: 6315: 6314: 6310: 6308: 6305: 6303: 6300: 6298: 6295: 6293: 6290: 6288: 6285: 6283: 6280: 6278: 6275: 6273: 6270: 6268: 6265: 6263: 6260: 6258: 6255: 6253: 6252: 6248: 6246: 6245: 6241: 6239: 6238: 6234: 6232: 6231: 6227: 6225: 6224: 6220: 6219: 6217: 6215: 6211: 6205: 6202: 6200: 6197: 6195: 6192: 6190: 6187: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6162: 6160: 6157: 6155: 6152: 6150: 6149:Merneferre Ay 6147: 6145: 6144:Wahibre Ibiau 6142: 6140: 6137: 6135: 6132: 6130: 6129:Sobekhotep IV 6127: 6125: 6122: 6120: 6117: 6115: 6112: 6110: 6107: 6105: 6102: 6100: 6097: 6095: 6092: 6090: 6089: 6085: 6083: 6080: 6078: 6075: 6073: 6070: 6068: 6065: 6063: 6060: 6058: 6055: 6053: 6050: 6048: 6045: 6043: 6040: 6038: 6035: 6033: 6030: 6028: 6025: 6023: 6020: 6018: 6015: 6013: 6010: 6008: 6005: 6003: 6000: 5998: 5995: 5993: 5992: 5988: 5987: 5985: 5983: 5979: 5976: 5968: 5964: 5954: 5953: 5949: 5947: 5944: 5942: 5939: 5937: 5936:Amenemhat III 5934: 5932: 5929: 5927: 5924: 5922: 5919: 5917: 5914: 5912: 5909: 5908: 5906: 5904: 5900: 5894: 5891: 5889: 5886: 5884: 5881: 5880: 5878: 5874: 5868: 5867:Mentuhotep IV 5865: 5863: 5860: 5858: 5857:Mentuhotep II 5855: 5853: 5850: 5848: 5845: 5843: 5840: 5838: 5835: 5834: 5832: 5830: 5826: 5823: 5815: 5811: 5801: 5798: 5793: 5790: 5789: 5787: 5786: 5784: 5778: 5775: 5769: 5765: 5756: 5752: 5747: 5743: 5725: 5722: 5720: 5719:Wahkare Khety 5717: 5715: 5712: 5710: 5707: 5706: 5704: 5702: 5698: 5692: 5691: 5687: 5685: 5682: 5680: 5677: 5675: 5674:Neferkare VII 5672: 5670: 5667: 5666: 5664: 5662: 5658: 5652: 5651: 5647: 5645: 5644: 5640: 5638: 5637: 5633: 5631: 5630: 5626: 5624: 5621: 5619: 5616: 5614: 5611: 5609: 5606: 5604: 5601: 5599: 5596: 5594: 5591: 5589: 5586: 5584: 5581: 5579: 5576: 5574: 5571: 5569: 5566: 5564: 5561: 5559: 5556: 5554: 5551: 5549: 5546: 5545: 5543: 5541: 5537: 5533: 5530: 5522: 5518: 5508: 5507: 5503: 5501: 5500: 5496: 5494: 5491: 5489: 5486: 5484: 5481: 5479: 5476: 5474: 5471: 5469: 5466: 5464: 5461: 5460: 5458: 5456: 5452: 5446: 5443: 5441: 5438: 5436: 5433: 5431: 5428: 5426: 5423: 5421: 5418: 5416: 5413: 5411: 5408: 5406: 5403: 5402: 5400: 5398: 5394: 5388: 5387: 5383: 5381: 5378: 5376: 5373: 5371: 5370: 5366: 5364: 5361: 5359: 5356: 5354: 5351: 5349: 5346: 5345: 5343: 5341: 5337: 5331: 5328: 5326: 5325: 5321: 5319: 5318: 5314: 5312: 5309: 5307: 5306: 5302: 5300: 5297: 5295: 5292: 5290: 5287: 5286: 5284: 5282: 5278: 5275: 5267: 5263: 5253: 5250: 5248: 5247: 5243: 5241: 5240: 5236: 5234: 5233: 5229: 5227: 5224: 5222: 5221:Seth-Peribsen 5219: 5217: 5216: 5212: 5210: 5209: 5205: 5203: 5202: 5198: 5196: 5195: 5191: 5189: 5188: 5184: 5182: 5181: 5177: 5175: 5172: 5170: 5167: 5165: 5164:Hotepsekhemwy 5162: 5161: 5159: 5157: 5153: 5147: 5146: 5142: 5140: 5139: 5135: 5133: 5130: 5128: 5125: 5123: 5120: 5118: 5115: 5113: 5110: 5108: 5105: 5103: 5100: 5098: 5094: 5091: 5090: 5088: 5086: 5082: 5079: 5071: 5067: 5057: 5053: 5050: 5048: 5047: 5043: 5041: 5038: 5036: 5033: 5031: 5030: 5026: 5024: 5023: 5019: 5017: 5016: 5012: 5010: 5009: 5005: 5003: 5002: 4998: 4996: 4995: 4991: 4989: 4988: 4984: 4982: 4981: 4977: 4976: 4974: 4972: 4968: 4962: 4961: 4957: 4955: 4954:Double Falcon 4952: 4950: 4949: 4945: 4943: 4942: 4938: 4936: 4935: 4931: 4929: 4928: 4924: 4922: 4921: 4917: 4915: 4914: 4910: 4908: 4907: 4903: 4901: 4900: 4896: 4894: 4893: 4889: 4887: 4886: 4882: 4880: 4879: 4875: 4873: 4872: 4868: 4866: 4865: 4861: 4860: 4858: 4856: 4852: 4849: 4845:(pre-3150 BC) 4841: 4840:Protodynastic 4837: 4827: 4824: 4819: 4816: 4815: 4813: 4812: 4810: 4804: 4801: 4795: 4791: 4782: 4778: 4777:Protodynastic 4773: 4769: 4765: 4758: 4753: 4751: 4746: 4744: 4739: 4738: 4735: 4726: 4721: 4717: 4713: 4708: 4704: 4698: 4690: 4685: 4674: 4672:0-500-05080-5 4668: 4664: 4663: 4658: 4653: 4649: 4644: 4640: 4635: 4631: 4626: 4622: 4620:0-8018-4251-4 4616: 4611: 4610: 4604: 4600: 4596: 4591: 4580: 4574: 4571:. SBL Press. 4570: 4569: 4563: 4559: 4553: 4548: 4547: 4540: 4536: 4530: 4522: 4517: 4513: 4508: 4497: 4493: 4488: 4483: 4479: 4475: 4474: 4466: 4461: 4457: 4452: 4448: 4442: 4438: 4433: 4422: 4416: 4412: 4408: 4402: 4398: 4392: 4387: 4386: 4379: 4368: 4362: 4358: 4351: 4346: 4342: 4340:0-500-05128-3 4336: 4331: 4330: 4323: 4319: 4317:9780500050743 4313: 4308: 4307: 4300: 4296: 4292: 4288: 4284: 4280: 4276: 4272: 4267: 4263: 4257: 4252: 4251: 4245: 4241: 4237: 4235:0-472-10742-9 4231: 4227: 4226: 4220: 4216: 4214:3-8053-2310-7 4210: 4206: 4202: 4198: 4187: 4181: 4177: 4170: 4165: 4161: 4156: 4155: 4142: 4136: 4132: 4131: 4123: 4115: 4111: 4104: 4096: 4091: 4086: 4082: 4078: 4073: 4068: 4064: 4060: 4056: 4052: 4048: 4041: 4033: 4029: 4025: 4021: 4016: 4011: 4007: 4003: 3999: 3991: 3983: 3979: 3974: 3969: 3964: 3959: 3955: 3951: 3947: 3940: 3933: 3931: 3927: 3920: 3916: 3912: 3908: 3903: 3898: 3894: 3890: 3886: 3882: 3878: 3871: 3864: 3859: 3852: 3847: 3840: 3835: 3828: 3827:Cassirer 1952 3823: 3821: 3813: 3812:Cassirer 1952 3808: 3801: 3800:Cassirer 1952 3796: 3789: 3783: 3776: 3771: 3755: 3751: 3747: 3741: 3734: 3729: 3727: 3725: 3723: 3721: 3713: 3708: 3701: 3696: 3689: 3684: 3675: 3669: 3664: 3657: 3656:Fletcher 2000 3652: 3645: 3640: 3625: 3621: 3614: 3606: 3602: 3597: 3592: 3588: 3584: 3580: 3573: 3571: 3563: 3558: 3544: 3540: 3534: 3527: 3526:Fletcher 2000 3522: 3507: 3503: 3497: 3491:, p. 50. 3490: 3485: 3478: 3473: 3466: 3461: 3454: 3449: 3442: 3437: 3430: 3425: 3418: 3413: 3406: 3401: 3394: 3389: 3383:, p. 23. 3382: 3377: 3375: 3366: 3362: 3358: 3354: 3350: 3346: 3339: 3331: 3324: 3316: 3309: 3303:, p. 50. 3302: 3297: 3291:, p. 62 n. 2. 3290: 3285: 3279:, p. 22. 3278: 3273: 3266: 3261: 3255:, p. 13. 3254: 3249: 3242: 3237: 3230: 3225: 3218: 3213: 3206: 3201: 3194: 3189: 3187: 3185: 3177: 3172: 3170: 3168: 3166: 3158: 3153: 3151: 3144:, p. 15. 3143: 3138: 3132:, p. 16. 3131: 3126: 3119: 3114: 3106: 3094: 3079: 3075: 3071: 3065: 3061: 3057: 3056: 3048: 3041: 3036: 3029: 3024: 3015: 3009:, p. 13. 3008: 3003: 3001: 2993: 2988: 2981: 2976: 2974: 2966: 2961: 2959: 2951: 2950:Fletcher 2000 2946: 2939: 2934: 2928: 2924: 2923:0-85698-160-5 2920: 2914: 2908:, fig. II, 5. 2907: 2902: 2895: 2890: 2883: 2878: 2876: 2874: 2866: 2861: 2854: 2849: 2843:, p. 10. 2842: 2841:Fletcher 2000 2837: 2831: 2825: 2819: 2813: 2807: 2801: 2794: 2789: 2782: 2777: 2758: 2757: 2749: 2743: 2737: 2730: 2724: 2717: 2712: 2705: 2704:Leprohon 2013 2700: 2698: 2696: 2694: 2692: 2684: 2679: 2675: 2666: 2663: 2661: 2658: 2656: 2653: 2651: 2648: 2646: 2643: 2641: 2638: 2636: 2633: 2632: 2619: 2614: 2611: 2604: 2599: 2595: 2594:Louvre Museum 2588: 2583: 2576: 2571: 2557: 2552: 2538: 2533: 2530: 2523: 2518: 2515: 2508: 2503: 2500: 2493: 2488: 2485: 2478: 2473: 2470: 2463: 2458: 2455: 2448: 2443: 2440: 2433: 2428: 2425: 2418: 2413: 2409: 2402: 2397: 2393: 2386: 2381: 2380: 2374: 2370: 2368: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2352: 2348: 2344: 2339: 2337: 2333: 2329: 2325: 2321: 2317: 2303: 2301: 2299: 2297: 2295: 2293: 2291: 2289: 2287: 2285: 2283: 2281: 2279: 2277: 2276: 2273: 2271: 2270: 2265: 2259: 2258: 2255: 2254: 2249: 2248: 2243: 2242: 2237: 2236: 2233: 2232: 2223: 2222: 2217: 2216: 2209: 2208: 2205: 2204: 2199: 2198: 2193: 2192: 2187: 2186: 2183: 2182: 2165: 2164: 2161: 2160: 2155: 2154:Amenhotep III 2149: 2148: 2145: 2144: 2139: 2138: 2133: 2132: 2127: 2126: 2123: 2122: 2113: 2112: 2107: 2106: 2101: 2095: 2094: 2091: 2090: 2085: 2084: 2079: 2078: 2073: 2072: 2069: 2068: 2055: 2054: 2049: 2048: 2043: 2037: 2036: 2033: 2032: 2027: 2026: 2021: 2020: 2017: 2011: 2010: 2007: 2006: 1997: 1996: 1991: 1990: 1985: 1979: 1978: 1975: 1974: 1969: 1968: 1963: 1962: 1959: 1953: 1941: 1940: 1937: 1936: 1932: 1931: 1922: 1919: 1916:) through to 1915: 1911: 1906: 1903: 1899: 1895: 1890: 1885: 1883: 1882: 1881:Dazzling Aten 1876: 1873: 1864: 1858: 1854: 1849: 1845: 1843: 1839: 1835: 1831: 1826: 1823: 1822: 1817: 1813: 1812:Temple of Mut 1809: 1805: 1801: 1797: 1793: 1789: 1785: 1782:His enormous 1776: 1771: 1769: 1765: 1761: 1757: 1753: 1747: 1745: 1741: 1737: 1733: 1729: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1714: 1710: 1706: 1702: 1698: 1694: 1690: 1685: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1670: 1666: 1658: 1652: 1649:The northern 1647: 1638: 1636: 1632: 1628: 1619: 1615: 1612: 1610: 1606: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1589: 1585: 1576: 1566: 1562: 1559: 1557: 1551: 1549: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1533: 1521: 1517: 1512: 1503: 1500: 1499:Amenhotep-Huy 1496: 1491: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1473: 1468: 1464: 1462: 1461:Alan Gardiner 1458: 1454: 1450: 1446: 1442: 1438: 1436: 1426: 1417: 1413: 1411: 1405: 1403: 1398: 1392: 1390: 1386: 1381: 1379: 1375: 1371: 1367: 1362: 1357: 1353: 1351: 1347: 1344:'s reign. In 1343: 1339: 1335: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1310: 1301: 1297: 1293: 1289: 1286: 1281: 1279: 1274: 1273:Sed festivals 1267:Sed festivals 1264: 1262: 1261: 1255: 1253: 1248: 1238: 1235: 1231: 1229: 1225: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1210: 1206: 1196: 1194: 1190: 1186: 1180: 1177: 1175: 1170: 1162: 1157: 1148: 1144: 1142: 1138: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1102: 1098: 1093: 1091: 1087: 1079: 1075: 1070: 1066: 1064: 1060: 1056: 1052: 1048: 1044: 1040: 1036: 1032: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1011: 1006: 1004: 1000: 996: 987: 978: 976: 971: 967: 965: 961: 957: 953: 949: 945: 944:Amenophis III 941: 937: 933: 929: 924: 915: 911: 907: 903: 902:Amenhotep III 895: 892: 888: 885: 881: 877: 874: 870: 866: 862: 859: 855: 851: 847: 844: 841: 837: 834: 831: 827: 823: 818: 813: 808: 804: 800: 796: 792: 788: 785: 781: 778: 774: 770: 766: 762: 759: 755: 729: 727: 720: 708: 705: 702: 697: 694: 693: 690: 689: 685: 681: 678: 671: 670: 667: 665: 653: 650: 649: 646: 645: 642: 641: 638: 637: 630: 623: 622: 618: 615: 611: 591: 589: 582: 570: 567: 564: 563: 560: 559: 555: 551: 548: 541: 540: 537: 535: 524: 521: 520: 517: 516: 513: 512: 509: 508: 499: 492: 491: 487: 484: 480: 465: 463: 446: 443: 437: 434: 431: 424: 423: 420: 419: 413: 410: 399: 398: 395: 394: 391: 390: 387: 386: 383: 382: 375: 368: 367: 363: 360: 356: 341: 339: 318: 315: 310: 307: 302: 297: 290: 287: 286: 283: 282: 276: 273: 262: 261: 258: 257: 254: 253: 250: 249: 246: 245: 238: 231: 230: 226: 223: 219: 199: 197: 190: 178: 175: 172: 167: 166: 163: 162: 158: 154: 151: 138: 137: 134: 133: 130: 129: 126: 125: 122: 121: 114: 107: 106: 102: 99: 95: 90: 84: 81: 78: 74: 71: 68: 64: 59:1391–1353 or 58: 56: 52: 49: 45: 41: 35: 30: 25: 22:Amenhotep III 20: 8550: 8542: 8534: 8526: 8518: 8510: 8502: 8494: 8466:Alfred Lucas 8451:Harry Burton 8345: 8117: 8110: 8103: 8091: 8084: 8077: 8070: 8063: 8056: 8049: 8042: 8030: 8023: 8006: 7999: 7992: 7985: 7978: 7971: 7964: 7957: 7925: 7918: 7904:Lucius Verus 7861: 7762: 7738:Berenice III 7728:Cleopatra IV 7703:Cleopatra II 7635:Alexander IV 7555:Nectanebo II 7524: 7505:Nepherites I 7464:Artaxerxes I 7451: 7381: 7369: 7352:(664–332 BC) 7332: 7288:Roman Period 7190:Shoshenq VII 7188: 7161: 7121: 7102:Shoshenq III 7084: 7049: 7012: 6990:Psusennes II 6903:Ramesses VII 6883:Ramesses III 6776: 6767:Amenhotep II 6762:Thutmose III 6698: 6587:Sobekemsaf I 6579: 6554: 6547: 6540: 6533: 6513: 6506: 6411: 6394: 6389:'Aper-'Anati 6387: 6380: 6373: 6353: 6346: 6339: 6332: 6325: 6318: 6311: 6297:Sekheperenre 6249: 6242: 6235: 6228: 6221: 6119:Neferhotep I 6109:Seth Meribre 6086: 6072:Djedkheperew 5989: 5950: 5941:Amenemhat IV 5931:Senusret III 5921:Amenemhat II 5837:Mentuhotep I 5799: 5688: 5648: 5641: 5634: 5627: 5553:Neferkare II 5504: 5497: 5430:Nyuserre Ini 5384: 5367: 5322: 5315: 5303: 5244: 5239:Neferkasokar 5237: 5230: 5213: 5206: 5199: 5192: 5185: 5178: 5143: 5136: 5044: 5027: 5020: 5013: 5006: 4999: 4992: 4987:Finger Snail 4985: 4978: 4958: 4946: 4939: 4932: 4925: 4918: 4911: 4904: 4897: 4890: 4883: 4876: 4869: 4862: 4825: 4724: 4715: 4711: 4688: 4676:. Retrieved 4661: 4647: 4638: 4629: 4608: 4594: 4582:. Retrieved 4567: 4545: 4523:. Cleveland. 4520: 4511: 4499:. Retrieved 4477: 4471: 4455: 4436: 4424:. Retrieved 4410: 4384: 4370:. Retrieved 4356: 4328: 4305: 4278: 4274: 4270: 4249: 4224: 4204: 4189:. Retrieved 4175: 4159: 4151:Bibliography 4129: 4122: 4113: 4103: 4054: 4050: 4040: 4005: 4001: 3990: 3953: 3949: 3939: 3922: 3884: 3880: 3870: 3858: 3846: 3834: 3807: 3795: 3782: 3770: 3760:December 15, 3758:. Retrieved 3754:the original 3749: 3740: 3733:Clayton 1994 3707: 3695: 3683: 3674: 3663: 3651: 3639: 3627:. Retrieved 3624:ScienceAlert 3623: 3613: 3586: 3582: 3557: 3546:. Retrieved 3542: 3533: 3521: 3510:. Retrieved 3496: 3484: 3472: 3465:Clayton 1994 3460: 3448: 3436: 3424: 3412: 3400: 3388: 3348: 3344: 3338: 3329: 3323: 3314: 3308: 3296: 3284: 3272: 3260: 3248: 3236: 3231:, p. 8. 3224: 3217:Kozloff 2012 3212: 3205:Kozloff 2012 3200: 3193:Kozloff 2012 3176:Kozloff 2012 3157:Kozloff 2012 3137: 3125: 3113: 3081:. Retrieved 3054: 3047: 3035: 3028:Kozloff 2012 3023: 3014: 2987: 2980:Kozloff 2012 2945: 2933: 2913: 2901: 2889: 2884:, p. 7. 2860: 2855:, p. 4. 2848: 2836: 2824: 2812: 2800: 2795:, p. 3. 2788: 2776: 2764:. Retrieved 2755: 2748: 2741: 2736: 2728: 2723: 2716:Clayton 1994 2711: 2685:, p. 7. 2678: 2371: 2340: 2313: 2153: 1984:Amenhotep II 1958:Thutmose III 1907: 1901: 1897: 1893: 1888: 1886: 1879: 1877: 1871: 1869: 1834:Double Crown 1827: 1819: 1781: 1752:Thutmose III 1749: 1740:Middle Egypt 1693:Luxor temple 1686: 1671: 1667: 1663: 1624: 1613: 1609:Victor Loret 1581: 1564: 1560: 1552: 1529: 1520:Luxor Museum 1492: 1477: 1449:Peter Dorman 1439: 1432: 1423: 1414: 1407: 1394: 1382: 1363: 1359: 1355: 1315: 1298: 1294: 1290: 1282: 1270: 1257: 1250: 1244: 1232: 1202: 1181: 1178: 1173: 1172:royal barge 1166: 1145: 1137:Tarhundaradu 1105:Shuttarna II 1094: 1083: 1007: 992: 972: 968: 943: 935: 931: 901: 900: 359:Golden Horus 61:1388–1351 BC 8551:Tutankhamun 8537:(2006 film) 8513:(1998 film) 8505:(1980 film) 8476:Arthur Mace 8418:Exhibitions 8371:exhibitions 8312:Tutankhamun 8008:Gordian III 7953:Diadumenian 7753:Cleopatra V 7607:(332–30 BC) 7602:Hellenistic 7545:Nectanebo I 7437:Cambyses II 7419:Psamtik III 7377:Tefnakht II 7179:Takelot III 7174:Osorkon III 7169:Shoshenq VI 7123:Pedubast II 7107:Shoshenq IV 7080:Shoshenq II 7045:Pinedjem II 7035:Menkheperre 6970:Psusennes I 6923:Ramesses XI 6913:Ramesses IX 6898:Ramesses VI 6888:Ramesses IV 6835:Ramesses II 6797:Tutankhamun 6772:Thutmose IV 6752:Thutmose II 6742:Amenhotep I 6714:New Kingdom 6649:New Kingdom 6508:Senusret IV 6492:Dedumose II 6467:Nebiriau II 6462:Nebiryraw I 6457:Mentuhotepi 6262:Khakherewre 6189:Merkheperre 6099:Imyremeshaw 6082:Sedjefakare 6037:Sehetepibre 6012:Ameny Qemau 5946:Sobekneferu 5926:Senusret II 5911:Amenemhat I 5893:Iyibkhentre 5623:Neferirkare 5618:Neferkauhor 5425:Shepseskare 5266:Old Kingdom 5252:Khasekhemwy 5232:Neferkara I 5201:Weneg-Nebty 5046:Scorpion II 4426:16 February 4281:: 128–130. 4072:10072/62081 3839:Berman 1998 3775:Berman 1998 3712:Grimal 1992 3700:Grimal 1992 3688:Grimal 1992 3644:Grimal 1992 3477:Grimal 1992 3417:Reeves 2000 3393:Dorman 2009 3381:Berman 1998 3277:Berman 1998 3253:Aldred 1991 3142:Berman 1998 3130:Berman 1998 3118:Berman 1998 3007:Berman 1998 2882:Berman 1998 2853:Berman 1998 2793:Berman 1998 2363:East Asians 2351:Rameses III 2347:Tutankhamun 2042:Thutmose IV 1894:Front view: 1872:Aten-tjehen 1756:Elephantine 1536:Theban tomb 1278:Old Kingdom 1174:Aten-tjehen 1139:, ruler of 1090:Tutankhamun 960:Thutmose IV 910:jmn-ḥtp(.w) 833:Thutmose IV 824:(theorized) 819:(theorized) 494:Neb maat re 70:Thutmose IV 66:Predecessor 8578:Categories 8519:Tutenstein 8125:Diocletian 8079:Quintillus 8032:Aemilianus 7987:Gordian II 7959:Elagabalus 7780:Arsinoe IV 7663:Arsinoe II 7588:Darius III 7515:Psammuthes 7404:Psamtik II 7219:Bakenranef 7157:Pedubast I 7152:Takelot II 7147:Harsiese A 7129:Osorkon IV 7117:Shoshenq V 7097:Osorkon II 7070:Shoshenq I 7040:Smendes II 7020:Pinedjem I 6965:Amenemnisu 6918:Ramesses X 6893:Ramesses V 6845:Amenmesses 6825:Ramesses I 6787:Smenkhkare 6757:Hatshepsut 6747:Thutmose I 6497:Montuemsaf 6487:Dedumose I 6287:Nebdjefare 6277:Merdjefare 6047:Nedjemibre 6042:Sewadjkare 5916:Senusret I 5888:Qakare Ini 5709:Meryhathor 5613:Neferkaure 5608:Qakare Iby 5593:Neferkahor 5578:Neferkamin 5386:Thamphthis 5380:Shepseskaf 5294:Sekhemkhet 5145:Horus Bird 5022:Scorpion I 4678:6 February 4584:7 December 4372:6 February 4191:6 February 3548:2021-12-19 3512:2009-05-18 3489:Smith 1912 3405:Moran 1992 3301:Moran 1992 3289:Moran 1992 3265:Moran 1992 3241:Hayes 1973 3229:Moran 1992 2683:Moran 1992 2367:algorithms 2332:South Asia 2316:KV55 mummy 1914:Ras Shamra 1898:Side view: 1796:floodplain 1601:Eighteenth 1506:Later life 1441:Eric Cline 1420:Succession 1161:Queen Tiye 1131:, king of 1123:, king of 1086:Smenkhkare 1043:Henuttaneb 940:Hellenized 914:Amānəḥūtpū 822:Smenkhkare 803:Henuttaneb 498:Nb mꜣˁt rˁ 222:Nebty name 98:Horus name 8436:Discovery 8257:Ptolemaic 8065:Gallienus 7980:Gordian I 7943:Caracalla 7869:Vespasian 7863:Vitellius 7645:Ptolemaic 7487:Amyrtaeus 7469:Darius II 7414:Ahmose II 7394:Psamtik I 7333:uncertain 7321:Pharaohs 7257:Tanutamun 7092:Takelot I 7075:Osorkon I 7025:Masaharta 6975:Amenemope 6878:Setnakhte 6840:Merneptah 6782:Akhenaten 6699:uncertain 6581:Nebmaatre 6402:Sakir-Har 6355:Yaqub-Har 6267:Nebefawre 6017:Hotepibre 5883:Segerseni 5852:Intef III 5800:uncertain 5788:Pharaohs 5420:Neferefre 5246:Hudjefa I 5127:Semerkhet 4864:Hedju Hor 4826:uncertain 4814:Pharaohs 4697:cite book 4529:cite book 4090:206896841 4024:0098-7484 3930:Andronovo 3919:195787671 3365:193951672 3351:: 87–88. 3103:ignored ( 3093:cite book 3078:1388-3909 2671:Footnotes 2355:Eurasians 2264:Mutemwiya 1853:Merenptah 1842:cartouche 1800:Merneptah 1725:limestone 1695:with two 1674:Akhenaten 1611:in 1898. 1544:arthritis 1488:Tadukhepa 1484:Mitannian 1435:coregency 1410:Gilukhepa 1395:... Thus 1389:Tushratta 1385:Tadukhepa 1342:Akhenaten 1216:Amenhotep 1193:hyperbole 1121:Kurigalzu 1117:Tushratta 1113:Tadukhepa 1101:Gilukhepa 1078:Baltimore 1055:Beketaten 995:Mutemwiya 975:Akhenaten 964:Mutemwiya 872:Monuments 843:Mutemwiya 817:Beketaten 769:Tadukhepa 765:Gilukhepa 80:Akhenaten 76:Successor 8413:Chariots 8403:Trumpets 8217:21 to 23 8135:Galerius 8130:Maximian 8119:Numerian 8086:Aurelian 8038:Valerian 8001:Balbinus 7994:Pupienus 7948:Macrinus 7920:Pertinax 7914:Commodus 7879:Domitian 7842:Claudius 7837:Caligula 7832:Tiberius 7827:Augustus 7447:Darius I 7399:Necho II 7242:Shebitku 7214:Tefnakht 6807:Horemheb 6737:Ahmose I 6549:Pantjeny 6535:Senebkay 6515:Pepi III 6477:Bebiankh 6334:Shenshek 6292:Nebsenre 6124:Sihathor 6094:Khendjer 6057:Renseneb 6002:Nerikare 5847:Intef II 5724:Merykare 5629:Wadjkare 5573:Merenhor 5468:Userkare 5375:Menkaure 5369:Bikheris 5358:Djedefre 5324:Qahedjet 5208:Wadjenes 5194:Horus Sa 5187:Nubnefer 5174:Nynetjer 5138:Sneferka 4878:Ni-Neith 4764:Pharaohs 4691:. Cairo. 4659:(1996). 4605:(1992). 4501:18 March 4496:20159872 4246:(1969). 4203:(1997). 4095:Archived 4081:23247979 4032:20159872 3982:31488661 3911:31267777 3605:26808107 3506:Archived 2994:, no. 2. 2629:See also 1728:quarries 1224:Ptahmose 787:Thutmose 783:Children 8487:culture 8485:Popular 8112:Carinus 8093:Tacitus 8051:Quietus 7894:Hadrian 7578:Khabash 7409:Wahibre 7389:Necho I 7383:Nekauba 7371:Ammeris 7314:Dynasty 7252:Taharqa 7247:Shabaka 7184:Rudamun 7163:Iuput I 7008:Herihor 6960:Smendes 6860:Twosret 6850:Seti II 6694:female) 6679:Dynasty 6575:Rahotep 6472:Semenre 6442:Djehuti 6424:Khamudi 6413:Yanassi 6396:Salitis 6348:Yakareb 6341:Khamure 6272:Sehebre 6194:Merkare 5842:Intef I 5781:Dynasty 5690:Imhotep 5650:Iytjenu 5636:Khuiqer 5548:Menkare 5499:Neferka 5483:Pepi II 5405:Userkaf 5299:Sanakht 5122:Anedjib 5102:Hor-Aha 5035:Iry-Hor 5029:Shendjw 5001:Pen-Abu 4885:Hat-Hor 4807:Dynasty 4295:3855505 3973:6822619 3950:Science 3629:5 April 3083:May 30, 2766:25 July 2377:Gallery 1810:in the 1808:Sekhmet 1709:barques 1705:obelisk 1629:to the 1540:Kheruef 1532:Malkata 1370:Nineveh 1334:Babylon 1330:Mitanni 1326:Assyria 1247:Malkata 1209:viziers 1133:Babylon 1125:Babylon 1109:Mitanni 1051:Nebetah 1039:Sitamun 950:of the 948:pharaoh 890:Dynasty 876:Malkata 807:Nebetah 795:Sitamun 773:Sitamun 757:Consort 48:Pharaoh 8319:Family 8252:Argead 8099:Probus 8019:Decius 8014:Philip 7889:Trajan 7617:Argead 7526:Muthis 7479:XXVIII 7459:Xerxes 7327:female 7305:Period 7014:Piankh 6985:Siamun 6855:Siptah 6830:Seti I 6670:Period 6622:Kamose 6556:Snaaib 6526:Abydos 6382:Semqen 6375:Sharek 6327:Sheneh 6307:'Apepi 6302:Bebnum 6257:Nehesy 6077:Sebkay 5997:Sonbef 5794:female 5772:Period 5583:Nikare 5473:Pepi I 5410:Sahure 5363:Khafre 5348:Snefru 5317:Sedjes 5289:Djoser 5215:Senedj 5093:Narmer 5052:Narmer 4934:Wazner 4899:Hsekiu 4871:Ny-Hor 4820:female 4798:Period 4669: 4617: 4575: 4554: 4494: 4443: 4417: 4393: 4363: 4337: 4314: 4293: 4258: 4232: 4211: 4182: 4137: 4087: 4079: 4030: 4022: 3980: 3970: 3917: 3909: 3603: 3363: 3076: 3066: 2921: 2361:, and 1792:Thebes 1768:Sesebi 1721:Khonsu 1719:, and 1697:pylons 1689:Karnak 1678:Amarna 1402:Ishtar 1397:Šauška 1366:Ishtar 1322:Amarna 1222:, and 1220:Aperel 1212:Ramose 1169:regent 1141:Arzawa 1063:Amarna 1053:, and 857:Burial 839:Mother 829:Father 8527:Egypt 8383:Mummy 8105:Carus 7884:Nerva 7874:Titus 7852:Galba 7819:XXXIV 7804:Roman 7583:Arses 7510:Hakor 7429:XXVII 7139:XXIII 6729:XVIII 6689:(male 6419:Apepi 6407:Khyan 6320:Wazad 6088:Wegaf 6022:Iufni 5876:Nubia 5684:Setut 5506:Nefer 5353:Khufu 5311:Khaba 5305:Nebka 5169:Nebra 5097:Menes 5056:Menes 5008:Stork 4971:Upper 4927:Neheb 4920:Thesh 4906:Khayu 4855:Lower 4468:(PDF) 4353:(PDF) 4291:JSTOR 4271:hb-sd 4172:(PDF) 4085:S2CID 3915:S2CID 3361:S2CID 3060:Brill 2760:(PDF) 1918:Soleb 1821:nemes 1760:Aniba 1754:) at 1744:Nubia 1701:Ma'at 1516:Sobek 1338:Hatti 1185:Aswan 1018:Thuya 999:Luxor 956:Egypt 614:Nomen 55:Reign 8428:Tomb 8378:Mask 7938:Geta 7857:Otho 7847:Nero 7565:XXXI 7550:Teos 7497:XXIX 7362:XXVI 7347:Late 7324:male 7284:Late 7237:Piye 7206:XXIV 7112:Pami 7062:XXII 6651:and 6567:XVII 6313:Nuya 5982:XIII 5791:male 5753:and 5643:Khui 5540:VIII 5463:Teti 5445:Unas 5330:Huni 5132:Qa'a 5112:Djet 5107:Djer 5015:Bull 4994:Fish 4960:Wash 4941:Mekh 4817:male 4703:link 4680:2024 4667:ISBN 4615:ISBN 4586:2021 4573:ISBN 4552:ISBN 4535:link 4503:2022 4492:PMID 4441:ISBN 4428:2022 4415:ISBN 4391:ISBN 4374:2024 4361:ISBN 4335:ISBN 4312:ISBN 4256:ISBN 4230:ISBN 4209:ISBN 4193:2024 4180:ISBN 4135:ISBN 4077:PMID 4028:PMID 4020:ISSN 4002:JAMA 3978:PMID 3907:PMID 3762:2014 3631:2021 3601:PMID 3105:help 3085:2020 3074:ISSN 3064:ISBN 2919:ISBN 2768:2020 2100:Tiaa 1838:Amun 1788:Nile 1766:and 1764:Kawa 1732:Tura 1713:Amun 1682:Aten 1603:and 1597:KV35 1584:WV22 1556:Huya 1260:Aten 1254:-Hay 1187:and 1047:Iset 1033:and 1016:and 1014:Yuya 1010:Tiye 1003:Amun 938:and 928:Amun 919:IPA: 861:WV22 849:Died 799:Iset 777:Iset 761:Tiye 8543:Tut 7537:XXX 7286:to 7229:XXV 6952:XXI 6817:XIX 6434:XVI 6214:XIV 6062:Hor 5903:XII 5536:VII 5281:III 5117:Den 4913:Tiu 4779:to 4482:doi 4478:303 4283:doi 4067:hdl 4059:doi 4055:345 4051:BMJ 4010:doi 4006:303 3968:PMC 3958:doi 3954:365 3897:hdl 3889:doi 3591:doi 3587:159 3353:doi 2330:to 2324:H2b 2320:R1b 2262:3. 2152:1. 2098:5. 2040:2. 2014:9. 1982:4. 1956:8. 1738:in 1730:at 1717:Mut 1538:of 1368:of 1252:Per 1189:Saï 1107:of 1088:or 942:as 934:or 926:; 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