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Khentkaus III

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308:-mould, parts of a calf, shards of pottery, charcoal, wooden fragments, and rope segments were discovered. In the southern wall of the shaft, a narrow passage 0.93 m (3.1 ft) long, 0.82 m (2.7 ft) wide and 1.11 m (3.6 ft) high gives access to the burial chamber. A sloping ramp fashioned from limestone fragments led into the burial chamber, and had been evidently used to transport the mummy into the tomb. The burial chamber itself measured 3.73 m (12.2 ft) long, 2.32 m (7.6 ft) wide and 2.14 m (7.0 ft) tall. It had, at one point, a nearly flat ceiling, but this has been destroyed. A single, massive limestone block has remained 313:
2 white limestone lids presumably belonging to canopic jars, 4 copper models of tools, animal bones, fragments of wooden items, bandages and cloth from the embalming process. The quality of craftsmanship on these items is high. Two types of pottery were discovered inside the tomb: the first was used in the core masonry of the structure to reduce construction time and expense, the second came from the practices of the mortuary cult. Skeletal fragments of the owner were recovered during excavation. Anthropological analysis of the fragments identified the tomb owner as a female, 20 years of age.
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structure was then encased with massive, but poor quality, white limestone blocks that had not been smoothed. This indicates that construction was abandoned prior to completion after the owner's death. The superstructure is entered on the eastern façade through a 0.85 m (2.8 ft) wide entryway giving access to a 3.87 m (12.7 ft) by 1.24 m (4.1 ft) L-shaped chapel. The entrance sidewalls were built from fine quality white limestone, and the chapel originally contained two
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in the chamber's westernmost area. Its size indicates that the tomb belonged to a royal family member. The chamber also originally contained a sarcophagus built of white limestone in its western area, but it too has been destroyed. Remains of the burial discovered include 23 travertine model vessels,
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The floor of the tomb's courtyard was covered in a layer of mud and admixture of gravel. In contrast with AC 29, AC 30 does not appear to have a lower level of mud floor. The mastaba was found to be 16.12 m (52.9 ft) long by 10.70 m (35.1 ft), with masonry preserved up to a height
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The vertical shaft, for entering the substructure, was found behind the northern false door inside the chapel. Its maximum preserved depth is 5.45 m (17.9 ft), and its side walls are in a reasonable state of preservation – only the upper part of the south wall has been destroyed. Inside, a
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The superstructure's outer faces were built from yellow and grey limestone which had been locally quarried, and joined using a mud and lime mortar. Its inner core structure was of mediocre quality, predominantly consisted of limestone debris, mudbrick and significant quantities of pottery. This
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The archaeologists who uncovered the tomb believed it to be that of Neferefre's wife, because it was close to his complex, in a small cemetery southeast of the complex. Eldamaty stated: "This discovery will help us shed light on certain unknown aspects of the Fifth Dynasty, which along with the
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on its western wall, but stone thieves have severely damaged the chapel's masonry. The method of construction of the chapel indicates that it was built in the latter half of the Fifth Dynasty. Overall, the tomb is smaller among the social elite and royal family tombs in Abusir.
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with an underground burial chamber that is reached via a shaft. The reliefs in the tomb identified her both as "the wife of the king" and "the mother of the king", implying her son ascended the throne. Statuettes and twenty-four
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found in the side walls of the chapel and shaft, the substructure pavement and in the passage connecting the burial chamber with the shaft. Information deduced from the
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Krejčí, Jaromír; Kytnarová, Katarína Arias; Odler, Martin (2014). "Archaeological excavation of the mastaba of Queen Khentkaus III (tomb AC 30) in Abusir".
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On January 4, 2015, the discovery of her tomb by Czech archaeologists was announced by Egyptian authorities. According to Egyptian Antiquities Minister
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utensils (which were part of the funerary objects), also have been found in the tomb. The tomb is dated to the middle of the Fifth Dynasty.
328:) was found in the space above her burial chamber, below the ceiling level. Her full name and titles have been identified as king's wife ( 521: 2824: 2819: 2869: 2799: 2794: 797: 105: 415: 113: 111: 110: 2804: 2553: 554: 116: 2784: 781: 254:
The name and rank of Khentkaus was inscribed on the inner walls of the tomb, probably by the builders. Her burial place is a
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of 3.30 m (10.8 ft). It had an offering chapel, and a vertical shaft through which the substructure was accessed.
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Prior to being excavated, tomb AC 30 appeared to be an elongated, north-south oriented mound – later confirmed to be a
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includes construction dates and the owner's name and titles. The abbreviated variant of her name Khent (
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dedicated to pharaohs of the Fifth Dynasty, including Neferefre. The tomb was found near
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The tomb of Khentkaus III – marked as AC 30 – was excavated in
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Sons of the Sun. Rise and decline of the Fifth Dynasty
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January 2015. 401: 13: 730:Krejčí, Kytnarová & Odler 2014 718:Krejčí, Kytnarová & Odler 2014 706:Krejčí, Kytnarová & Odler 2014 694:Krejčí, Kytnarová & Odler 2014 682:Krejčí, Kytnarová & Odler 2014 670:Krejčí, Kytnarová & Odler 2014 658:Krejčí, Kytnarová & Odler 2014 643:Krejčí, Kytnarová & Odler 2014 631:Krejčí, Kytnarová & Odler 2014 572:Roisin O'Connor (5 January 2015). 507: 450:Krejčí, Kytnarová & Odler 2014 14: 2901: 366: 212:, and her son the future pharaoh 2726: 2716: 2706: 2696: 2684: 2674: 2659: 2649: 2639: 2629: 2619: 2609: 2599: 2041: 1931: 1830: 1510: 1267: 251:, with Egyptian collaboration. 2870:2015 archaeological discoveries 593: 565: 346:Neferefre's unfinished pyramid 1: 359: 748:Prague Egyptological Studies 249:Charles University in Prague 241:Neferefre's funerary complex 7: 492:The San Diego Union-Tribune 193:queen who lived during the 10: 2906: 1301:Second Intermediate Period 739: 263:utensils, along with four 235:, where there are several 97: 15: 2760: 2749: 2572: 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2523: 2513: 2510: 2509: 2507: 2505: 2501: 2495: 2492: 2490: 2487: 2485: 2482: 2480: 2477: 2475: 2472: 2470: 2467: 2466: 2464: 2462: 2458: 2452: 2449: 2447: 2444: 2442: 2439: 2437: 2434: 2432: 2429: 2427: 2424: 2423: 2421: 2419: 2415: 2412: 2404: 2400: 2389: 2385: 2380: 2379: 2377: 2371: 2368: 2362: 2358: 2349: 2345: 2340: 2336: 2318: 2315: 2313: 2310: 2308: 2305: 2303: 2302:Takahatenamun 2300: 2298: 2295: 2293: 2290: 2288: 2285: 2283: 2280: 2278: 2275: 2273: 2270: 2268: 2265: 2263: 2260: 2259: 2257: 2255: 2251: 2245: 2242: 2241: 2239: 2237: 2233: 2227: 2224: 2222: 2219: 2217: 2214: 2212: 2209: 2207: 2204: 2202: 2199: 2197: 2194: 2192: 2189: 2187: 2184: 2183: 2181: 2179: 2175: 2169: 2166: 2164: 2161: 2159: 2156: 2155: 2153: 2151: 2147: 2144: 2140:(1069–664 BC) 2136: 2132: 2122: 2119: 2117: 2116: 2112: 2110: 2107: 2105: 2102: 2100: 2097: 2095: 2092: 2090: 2087: 2085: 2082: 2080: 2077: 2075: 2072: 2071: 2069: 2067: 2063: 2057: 2056: 2052: 2050: 2047: 2044: 2040: 2037: 2035: 2032: 2030: 2029:Isetnofret II 2027: 2025: 2022: 2020: 2017: 2015: 2012: 2010: 2007: 2005: 2002: 2000: 1997: 1995: 1992: 1990: 1987: 1985: 1982: 1980: 1977: 1975: 1972: 1971: 1969: 1967: 1963: 1957: 1956: 1952: 1950: 1947: 1945: 1942: 1940: 1937: 1934: 1930: 1929: 1925: 1923: 1920: 1918: 1915: 1913: 1909: 1906: 1904: 1901: 1899: 1896: 1894: 1891: 1889: 1886: 1884: 1881: 1879: 1876: 1874: 1871: 1869: 1866: 1864: 1861: 1859: 1856: 1854: 1851: 1849: 1846: 1844: 1841: 1839: 1836: 1833: 1829: 1826: 1824: 1821: 1819: 1816: 1814: 1811: 1809: 1806: 1804: 1801: 1799: 1796: 1795: 1793: 1791: 1787: 1784: 1776: 1772: 1761: 1757: 1752: 1751: 1749: 1743: 1740: 1734: 1730: 1721: 1717: 1712: 1708: 1690: 1687: 1685: 1682: 1680: 1679:Ahmose Inhapy 1677: 1675: 1672: 1670: 1667: 1665: 1662: 1660: 1657: 1655: 1652: 1651: 1649: 1647: 1643: 1637: 1634: 1633: 1631: 1629: 1625: 1619: 1616: 1615: 1613: 1611: 1607: 1601: 1598: 1596: 1593: 1591: 1588: 1586: 1583: 1581: 1578: 1576: 1573: 1571: 1568: 1566: 1563: 1561: 1558: 1556: 1553: 1551: 1548: 1547: 1545: 1543: 1539: 1536: 1528: 1524: 1513: 1509: 1506: 1504: 1501: 1499: 1496: 1494: 1493: 1489: 1487: 1484: 1482: 1479: 1477: 1474: 1472: 1469: 1467: 1464: 1462: 1459: 1457: 1456: 1452: 1450: 1447: 1445: 1444: 1440: 1439: 1437: 1435: 1431: 1425: 1422: 1420: 1417: 1415: 1412: 1410: 1407: 1405: 1402: 1400: 1397: 1395: 1392: 1390: 1387: 1385: 1382: 1380: 1377: 1376: 1374: 1372: 1368: 1365: 1357: 1353: 1342: 1338: 1333: 1332: 1330: 1324: 1321: 1315: 1311: 1302: 1298: 1293: 1289: 1270: 1266: 1265: 1261: 1259: 1256: 1254: 1251: 1249: 1246: 1244: 1241: 1239: 1236: 1234: 1231: 1229: 1226: 1224: 1221: 1219: 1216: 1214: 1211: 1209: 1206: 1204: 1201: 1199: 1196: 1195: 1193: 1191: 1187: 1181: 1178: 1176: 1173: 1171: 1168: 1166: 1163: 1161: 1158: 1156: 1153: 1151: 1148: 1146: 1143: 1141: 1140:Khentkaus III 1138: 1136: 1133: 1131: 1128: 1126: 1123: 1121: 1118: 1117: 1115: 1113: 1109: 1103: 1100: 1098: 1095: 1093: 1090: 1088: 1085: 1083: 1080: 1078: 1075: 1073: 1072:Meresankh III 1070: 1068: 1067:Hetepheres II 1065: 1063: 1060: 1058: 1055: 1053: 1050: 1048: 1045: 1043: 1040: 1039: 1037: 1035: 1031: 1025: 1022: 1020: 1017: 1015: 1014: 1013:Djeseretnebti 1010: 1008: 1007:Hetephernebti 1005: 1004: 1002: 1000: 996: 993: 985: 981: 971: 968: 966: 965: 961: 960: 958: 956: 952: 946: 943: 941: 938: 936: 933: 931: 928: 926: 923: 921: 918: 916: 913: 911: 908: 906: 905: 901: 899: 896: 894: 891: 890: 888: 886: 882: 879: 871: 867: 856: 852: 847: 846: 844: 838: 835: 829: 825: 816: 812: 807: 803: 799: 792: 787: 785: 780: 778: 773: 772: 769: 761: 757: 753: 749: 744: 743: 732:, p. 34. 731: 726: 719: 714: 708:, p. 33. 707: 702: 695: 690: 684:, p. 32. 683: 678: 671: 666: 660:, p. 31. 659: 654: 652: 645:, p. 30. 644: 639: 633:, p. 29. 632: 627: 625: 623: 606: 602: 596: 581: 580: 575: 568: 560: 556: 550: 548: 531: 527: 523: 517: 515: 513: 511: 494: 493: 488: 482: 480: 478: 469: 463: 461: 459: 451: 446: 444: 427: 423: 422: 417: 411: 409: 407: 405: 396: 390: 386: 382: 376: 374: 372: 370: 365: 357: 355: 351: 347: 343: 339: 336:) Khentkaus ( 335: 331: 327: 323: 319: 314: 311: 307: 301: 298: 292: 288: 286: 276: 274: 268: 266: 262: 257: 252: 250: 246: 242: 238: 234: 229: 227: 217: 215: 211: 207: 203: 198: 196: 195:Fifth Dynasty 192: 188: 184: 180: 179:Khentkaus III 172: 169: 165: 161: 158: 154: 150: 147: 143: 140: 139:Fifth Dynasty 137: 135: 131: 128: 115: 109: 104: 103: 100: 99: 96: 93: 89: 85: 80: 77: 75: 71: 67: 64: 60: 55: 51: 47: 44:circa 2450 BC 43: 39: 36: 32: 29:Khentkaus III 27: 19: 2693:Cleopatra VI 2691: 2672:Berenice III 2657:Cleopatra IV 2637:Cleopatra II 2559:Parysatis II 2408:(664–332 BC) 2387: 2312:Atakhebasken 2226:Tadibast III 2201:Tashedkhonsu 2113: 2104:Tawerettenru 2074:Tiy-Merenese 2053: 1953: 1939:Ankhesenamun 1926: 1759: 1490: 1453: 1441: 1340: 1262: 1223:Meritites IV 1180:Nimaathap II 1160:Meresankh IV 1139: 1135:Khentkaus II 1125:Neferhetepes 1087:Hekenuhedjet 1062:Meresankh II 1042:Hetepheres I 1011: 962: 902: 854: 751: 747: 725: 713: 701: 689: 677: 665: 638: 609:. Retrieved 595: 583:. Retrieved 577: 567: 558: 534:. Retrieved 497:. Retrieved 490: 430:. Retrieved 419: 384: 337: 333: 329: 325: 321: 317: 315: 309: 305: 302: 293: 289: 282: 269: 253: 230: 223: 206:Khentkaus II 199: 182: 178: 177: 160:Khentkaus II 126: 34: 2704:Berenice IV 2682:Cleopatra V 2617:Arsinoe III 2607:Berenice II 2554:Stateira II 2531:(332–30 BC) 2526:Hellenistic 2344:Late Period 2297:Tabekenamun 2244:Karomama II 2115:Baketwernel 2094:Duatentopet 2055:Anuketemheb 1775:New Kingdom 1716:New Kingdom 1508:Sobekneferu 1486:Neferthenut 1384:Neferukayet 1228:Inenek-Inti 1120:Khentkaus I 1047:Meritites I 1024:Meresankh I 1019:Djefatnebti 984:Old Kingdom 559:Luxor Times 354:Shepseskare 322:baugraffiti 318:baugraffiti 297:false doors 84:Shepseskare 2864:Categories 2724:Arsinoe IV 2597:Arsinoe II 2587:Berenice I 2512:Stateira I 2221:Karomama I 2191:Penreshnes 2163:Mutnedjmet 2109:Nubkhesbed 1994:Isetnofret 1984:Tanedjemet 1955:Nebetnehat 1949:Mutnedjmet 1828:Hatshepsut 1689:Ahhotep II 1684:Sitdjehuti 1659:Sobekemsaf 1636:Mentuhotep 1560:Senebhenas 1555:Nubhetepti 1492:Meretseger 1449:Neferu III 1130:Meretnebty 930:Seshemetka 915:Nakhtneith 893:Neithhotep 526:ABC Online 360:References 261:travertine 204:and queen 187:news media 2845:Ptolemaic 2592:Arsinoe I 2574:Ptolemaic 2494:Parysatis 2474:Artystone 2441:Tentkheta 2388:uncertain 2099:Henutwati 2019:Nebettawy 2014:Bintanath 2009:Meritamen 1999:Henutmire 1989:Nefertari 1922:Meritaten 1917:Nefertiti 1908:Tadukhipa 1893:Gilukhipa 1883:Mutemwiya 1873:Nefertari 1823:Mutnofret 1760:uncertain 1674:Ahhotep I 1669:Tetisheri 1471:Nofret II 1399:Neferu II 1341:uncertain 1233:Nedjeftet 1155:Nebunebty 1057:Khentetka 970:Nimaathap 855:uncertain 760:1214-3189 754:: 28–42. 350:Menkauhor 338:Ḫnt-k3w.s 210:Neferefre 189:, was an 127:Ḫnt kȝw=s 66:Neferefre 18:Khentkaus 2810:21 to 23 2582:Eurydice 2489:Damaspia 2484:Amestris 2317:Malaqaye 2307:Naparaye 2282:Peksater 2262:Pebatjma 2196:Maatkare 2186:Karomama 2168:Karimala 2158:Tentamun 2121:Tentamun 1664:Haankhes 1654:Nubemhat 1600:Satsobek 1585:Nubkhaes 1570:Senebsen 1409:Henhenet 1379:Neferu I 1264:Nitocris 1248:Udjebten 1218:Nubwenet 1203:Khuit II 1165:Setibhor 1145:Reptynub 1097:Rekhetre 1082:Persenet 1052:Henutsen 940:Serethor 925:Merneith 910:Herneith 904:Khenthap 611:21 April 605:BBC News 585:21 April 536:21 April 499:21 April 432:21 April 383:(2014). 334:mwt nswt 330:ḥmt nswt 237:pyramids 167:Religion 92:Egyptian 2436:Takhuit 2382:Pharaoh 2374:Dynasty 2292:Qalhata 2039:Twosret 2024:Merytre 1898:Sitamun 1863:Nebsemi 1754:Pharaoh 1746:Dynasty 1476:Khenmet 1455:Keminub 1404:Ashayet 1335:Pharaoh 1327:Dynasty 1243:Iput II 1150:Khuit I 1102:Bunefer 945:Betrest 920:Penebui 898:Benerib 849:Pharaoh 841:Dynasty 740:Sources 310:in situ 285:mastaba 256:mastaba 134:Dynasty 2549:Roxana 2541:Argead 2479:Parmys 2469:Atossa 2451:Ladice 2365:Period 2277:Khensa 2267:Tabiry 2034:Takhat 1843:Satiah 1818:Ahmose 1737:Period 1595:Abetni 1550:Nofret 1424:Kemsit 1318:Period 1198:Iput I 1175:Khenut 832:Period 758:  391:  304:small 265:copper 233:Abusir 156:Mother 145:Father 62:Spouse 54:Abusir 49:Burial 41:Tenure 2461:XXVII 2236:XXIII 2216:Kapes 1974:Sitre 1878:Iaret 1853:Nebtu 1790:XVIII 1580:Ineni 1461:Senet 1419:Kawit 1414:Sadeh 1238:Neith 1170:Nebet 964:Menka 935:Semat 74:Issue 2504:XXXI 2418:XXVI 2403:Late 2346:and 2287:Arty 2272:Abar 2178:XXII 2089:Tiye 2084:Tyti 2049:Tiaa 1979:Tuya 1912:Kiya 1903:Iset 1888:Tiye 1868:Tiaa 1838:Iset 1718:and 1646:XVII 1618:Tati 1575:Tjan 1565:Neni 1542:XIII 1299:and 756:ISSN 613:2018 587:2018 538:2018 501:2018 434:2018 389:ISBN 279:Tomb 94:name 2254:XXV 2150:XXI 1966:XIX 1944:Tey 1628:XVI 1610:XIV 1590:Aya 1498:Aat 1434:XII 1394:Tem 1389:Iah 999:III 813:to 530:ABC 426:AFP 326:Ḫnt 306:bḏ3 247:of 185:by 2866:: 2840:31 2835:30 2830:27 2825:26 2820:25 2815:24 2805:20 2800:19 2795:18 2790:12 2785:11 2066:XX 1910:/ 1371:XI 1190:VI 1034:IV 955:II 752:XV 750:. 650:^ 621:^ 603:. 576:. 557:. 546:^ 528:. 524:. 509:^ 489:. 476:^ 457:^ 442:^ 424:. 418:. 403:^ 368:^ 356:. 216:. 2780:4 2775:3 2770:2 2765:1 1112:V 885:I 790:e 783:t 776:v 762:. 615:. 589:. 540:. 503:. 436:. 397:. 162:? 151:? 86:? 81:? 68:? 20:.

Index

Khentkaus
Abusir
Neferefre
Issue
Menkauhor Kaiu
Shepseskare
Egyptian
Dynasty
Fifth Dynasty
Neferirkare Kakai
Khentkaus II
Ancient Egyptian religion
news media
ancient Egyptian
Fifth Dynasty
Neferirkare Kakai
Khentkaus II
Neferefre
Menkauhor Kaiu
Mamdouh Eldamaty
Abusir
pyramids
Neferefre's funerary complex
Miroslav Bárta
Charles University in Prague
mastaba
travertine
copper
Fourth Dynasty
mastaba

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