356:. Though SocGen officials say Kerviel apparently worked alone, skeptics question how unauthorized trading of this magnitude could go unnoticed. Kerviel's unassuming background and position have heightened the skepticism that he worked alone. Some analysts suggest that unauthorised trading of this scale may have gone unnoticed initially due to the high volume in low-risk trades normally conducted by his department. SocGen said that whenever the fake trades were questioned, Kerviel would describe it as a mistake then cancel the trade, after which he would replace that trade with another transaction using a different instrument to avoid detection. Kerviel's lawyers, Elisabeth Meyer and Christian Charrière-Bournazel, said that SocGen's managers "brought the loss on themselves"; accused them of wanting to "raise a smokescreen to divert public attention from far more substantial losses in the last few months"; and said that Kerviel had made the bank a profit of US$ 2 billion as of
1824:
44:
475:
On 24 October 2012, a Paris appeals court upheld the
October 2010 sentence to three years in prison with another two suspended, and ordered Kerviel to reimburse 4.9 billion euros to SocGen for its loss. In March 2014, a French high court upheld Kerviel's prison sentence but ruled he would not have to
368:
trades. Officials say
Kerviel was careful to close the trades in just two or three days, just before the trades' timed controls would trigger notice from the bank's internal control system, and Kerviel would then shift those older positions to newly initiated trades. Experts have expressed skepticism
319:
and cash equity prices, and "began creating the fictitious trades in late 2006 and early 2007, but that these transactions were relatively small. The fake trading increased in frequency, and in size". Bank officials claim that throughout 2007, he had been trading profitably in anticipation of falling
436:
who may have been involved. The police were investigating whether
Kerviel worked alone, and whether any investors outside of SocGen may have been tipped off in advance. Police were interested whether others were involved, either in the trades themselves, or whether they received notice of the bank's
235:
During an interview, one of
Kerviel's former lecturers at Lyon, Gisèle Reynaud, stated that Kerviel "was a student just like the others, a young man, and he didn't distinguish himself from the others." In 2001, at the suggestion of Thierry Mavic, the mayor of Pont l'Abbé, Kerviel stood for a seat on
467:
of the $ 6.7 billion which was lost, and a permanent ban from working in financial services. Caroline
Guillaumin, a spokeswoman for SocGen, stated that the restitution was "symbolic", and that the bank had no expectation that the sum would be paid. Olivier Metzner, Kerviel's lawyer, described
431:
Kerviel's initial 24-hour detention was extended to 48 hours while French law enforcement questioned him about possible accomplices. The investigation later widened to encompass his personal cell phone records, and to explore possible links to other individuals working at rival banks and private
376:
say
Kerviel has been cooperative with the investigation, and has told them his actions were also practiced by other traders in SocGen. Kerviel admits to exceeding his credit limits, but claims he was working to increase bank profits. He told authorities that the bank was happy with his previous
427:
to seize his computer files. On 26 January 2008, the Paris prosecutors' office stated that
Kerviel "is not on the run. He will be questioned at the appropriate time, as soon as the police have analysed documents provided by Société Générale." He was taken into police custody later that day.
363:
SocGen managers have described some of the means
Kerviel employed to avoid the bank's internal controls and escape detection. Executive Chairman Daniel Bouton describes the pattern as like "a mutating virus", in which hundreds of thousands of trades were hidden behind offsetting faked
1673:
1780:
324:
totaling as much as €49.9 billion, a figure far higher than the bank's total market capitalization. Kerviel tried to conceal the activity by creating losing trades intentionally so as to offset his early gains. According to the
397:
2008 Kerviel's lawyer denied that he attempted to disappear and said he remained in Paris to face the accusations. That same day, SocGen filed a lawsuit against "a 31-year-old person" for creating fraudulent documents, using
296:
60,000 on top of a €74,000 salary in 2006, considered modest compared to the salaries paid to traders in the financial markets. He had hoped for a €600,000 bonus for 2007 and would have received at least half that amount.
1830:
1327:
Une deuxième plainte pour «escroquerie, abus de confiance et faux», a été déposée au nom d'un groupe d'actionnaires à Paris. ... Selon l'ampleur de l'escroquerie, Jérôme
Kerviel risque de cinq ans à quinze ans de
215:
specializing in organization and control of financial markets. The university's financial program, which was initiated in the 1990s with the support of France's larger banks, was intended to prepare students for
1665:
1589:
1076:
1314:
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2008 investigating judges Renaud van
Ruymbeke and Françoise Desset had rejected prosecutor Jean-Claude Marin's bid to charge Kerviel with the more serious crime of "attempted fraud" and refuse
1748:
1643:
1424:
709:
1619:
1401:
1227:
1007:
976:
874:
2262:
778:
2128:
444:
2008 with abuse of confidence and illegal access to computers. He was released from custody a short time after. The charges filed carry a maximum three-year prison term. On
491:
In April 2008, following Kerviel's provisional release, he was hired by Lemaire Consultants & Associates, an information systems and computer security consulting firm.
1698:
200:. His mother, Marie-Josée, is a retired hairdresser, and his father, Charles, was a blacksmith. He has an older brother, Olivier. Kerviel was married, but he and his wife
2079:
1581:
1068:
352:
SocGen claimed Kerviel "had taken massive fraudulent directional positions in 2007 and 2008 far beyond his limited authority" and that the trades involved European
592:
1306:
1284:
2239:
369:
of SocGen's account, saying that a pattern of closing out trades within the three-day cycle alleged could not be accomplished given the immense sums involved.
900:
2475:
1370:
622:
1528:
3226:
812:
292:, has described Kerviel as a "computer genius"; however, sources within Société Générale described Kerviel as "not a star". Kerviel earned a bonus of
2118:
1745:
1454:
1099:
686:
1640:
1167:
1808:
1432:
1042:
713:
2209:
2074:
1611:
1340:
2133:
1988:
306:
169:
1253:
744:
2179:
1940:
1393:
1219:
999:
966:
864:
838:
1723:
3317:
2224:
2148:
770:
655:
2468:
2404:
2234:
1862:
3239:
2064:
1917:
1558:
1497:
3297:
2158:
1955:
1695:
3312:
3282:
1945:
1192:
2414:
2143:
2113:
2034:
1133:
935:
503:
outside the Vatican on 19 February 2014, and undertook a pilgrimage from Rome to Paris against the "tyranny of the markets".
3332:
2461:
2174:
2029:
1895:
3115:
584:
341:
2008, a period after which the market experienced a large drop in equity indices, and losses attributed are estimated at
423:
Around 25 January 2008, police raided the Paris headquarters of SocGen and Kerviel's apartment in the western suburb of
3327:
3307:
2319:
2204:
1280:
333:
in hidden profits at the beginning of 2008. His employers say they uncovered unauthorized trading traced to Kerviel on
2214:
2199:
2123:
908:
2442:
2069:
1900:
626:
480:
3244:
3180:
3105:
2397:
1890:
1520:
3292:
2684:
2437:
2314:
2049:
2044:
499:
While awaiting a ruling on his legal appeal and still protesting SocGen's stance in his case, Kerviel met with
3302:
3125:
2920:
2534:
2219:
2153:
2054:
1855:
804:
393:
In answer to the rumors that Kerviel had fled Paris following the discovery of the unauthorised trading, on
256:(SocGen) in the summer of 2000, working in its compliance department. In 2005 he was promoted to the bank's
2809:
2624:
2138:
1950:
1757:
1103:
241:
678:
402:
documents and making attacks on an automated system, according to Clarisse Grillon, a spokeswoman for the
208:
89:
2674:
1159:
3287:
3170:
3160:
3130:
2885:
2769:
1924:
1032:
253:
119:
515:
having served fewer than five months of detention. He was to begin a job with an IT consultancy firm.
3221:
3200:
3145:
2639:
2334:
2244:
1912:
1885:
277:
1464:
1348:
381:
declared profit (approximately 0.5%). Family members speaking out say SocGen was using Kerviel as a
3195:
3000:
2789:
2329:
2084:
1960:
1848:
3165:
3020:
2849:
2039:
1907:
17:
736:
3322:
3277:
3095:
2859:
2824:
2799:
2679:
2644:
2579:
2059:
1257:
563:
1746:"Rogue Trader Jerome Kerviel on Bizarre Rome to Paris Pilgrimage Against 'Tyranny of Markets'"
834:
483:
condemned SocGen for their unlawful firing of Kerviel. Société Générale said it would appeal.
3251:
3062:
2659:
2649:
2409:
2356:
2309:
1719:
1641:
Les Prud'hommes condamnent la Société générale à payer plus de 450.000 euros à Jérôme Kerviel
512:
224:
positions in the trading departments of financial institutions. Prior to that he received a
3272:
3135:
2955:
2945:
2814:
2432:
1459:
1344:
651:
281:
269:
229:
225:
98:
1773:"Rogue trader Jerome Kerviel leaves prison less than five months into three-year sentence"
8:
3216:
2890:
2864:
2829:
2754:
2689:
2614:
2392:
2324:
353:
1823:
1550:
1489:
3190:
3085:
3025:
2604:
2599:
2374:
2350:
2008:
1981:
525:
460:
201:
1813:
320:
market prices; however, they have accused him of exceeding his authority to engage in
3231:
2940:
2839:
2704:
2419:
943:
424:
417:
316:
237:
212:
173:
93:
1189:
193:
70:
3090:
3052:
2980:
2915:
2844:
2834:
2794:
2724:
2664:
2564:
2549:
2544:
2539:
543:
108:
43:
1666:"Jérôme Kerviel condamné en appel à payer 1 million d'euros à la Société générale"
1125:
337:
2008. SocGen then closed out these positions over three days of trading beginning
3150:
3120:
3047:
3030:
2895:
2699:
2559:
2368:
1871:
1752:
1702:
1647:
1196:
1037:
433:
365:
285:
265:
156:
865:"Jerome Kerviel is not a Machiavellian genius. He's just an average kind of guy"
3072:
3057:
2874:
2779:
2759:
2694:
2283:
2229:
2013:
372:
Kerviel is not thought to have profited personally from the suspicious trades.
289:
273:
2453:
437:
impending sell-off before the details of the scandal were publicly disclosed.
3266:
3185:
3155:
2985:
2784:
2749:
2734:
2589:
2569:
2501:
1998:
1993:
1976:
548:
217:
459:, he was found guilty and sentenced to five years of prison, with two years
180:
and unauthorized use of the bank's computers, resulting in losses valued at
3175:
3140:
3077:
3015:
3010:
2995:
2965:
2910:
2854:
2764:
2714:
2609:
2574:
1818:
620:
558:
500:
321:
165:
74:
3100:
3042:
2960:
2950:
2930:
2905:
2819:
2744:
2739:
2729:
2719:
2629:
2554:
2516:
2362:
2003:
553:
538:
464:
413:
221:
3037:
2990:
2935:
2925:
2900:
2774:
2709:
2634:
2594:
2584:
377:
year's performance, and was expecting to be paid a €300,000 bonus on a
373:
2619:
971:
869:
621:
Ben Martin; Nick Allen; Peter Allen; Henry Samuel (28 January 2008).
523:
Among the several French media referencing Kerviel, there is a movie
408:
382:
312:
264:, where he was a junior trader. SocGen's Delta One business includes
257:
1612:"French court upholds rogue trader Jérôme Kerviel's prison sentence"
3005:
2975:
2804:
2669:
2654:
2278:
472:. Kerviel's sentence was suspended until his appeal was completed.
403:
197:
1840:
965:
Hosking, Patrick; Bremner, Charles; Sage, Adam (24 January 2008).
2511:
1831:
Breaking Down the Biggest Trading Fraud in the History of Banking
399:
177:
3110:
2970:
2263:
List of banks acquired or bankrupted during the Great Recession
1582:"Societe Generale rogue trader Jerome Kerviel appeal dismissed"
469:
78:
1278:
2506:
1279:
Viscusi, Gregory; Chassany, Anne-Sylvaine (24 January 2008).
1217:
261:
2098:
1720:"IHT.com Kerviel starts new job at computer consulting firm"
468:
the sentence as "extraordinary" and said that Kerviel would
412:
reported that in addition to the SocGen lawsuit, a group of
2496:
449:
293:
181:
768:
2129:
Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
1696:"Société Générale to Pay Former Trader Kerviel $ 511,000"
1220:"Rogue trader Jerome Kerviel held for a further 24 hours"
326:
1484:
1482:
769:
Carvajal, Doreen; Brothers, Caroline (26 January 2008).
1341:"Police raid HQ of bank in French rogue trader scandal"
1251:
1157:
1000:"Societe Generale missed 75 warnings on trader Kerviel"
802:
2240:
National fiscal policy response to the Great Recession
1281:"Société Générale Reports 4.9 Billion EU Trading Loss"
1479:
1663:
1254:"Accused billion-dollar rogue trader charged, freed"
737:"Jerome Kerviel: "genius" or mediocre backroom boy?"
1218:Campbell, Matthew; John Follain (27 January 2008).
2359:(Europe, Middle East and North Africa, Asia; 2009)
1190:"How to lose $ 7.2bn with just a few Basic skills"
964:
898:
676:
967:"Jerome Kerviel named in €5bn bank trading fraud"
585:"Rogue Trader at Société Générale Gets Jail Term"
3264:
2167:
1160:"French Bank Says Rogue Trader Lost $ 7 Billion"
1062:
1060:
899:Rayner, Gordon; Allen, Peter (26 January 2008).
894:
892:
679:"A Spiral of Losses by a 'Plain Vanilla' Trader"
2483:
1521:"Rogue Trader at Société Générale Gets 3 Years"
1371:"SocGen trader not on the run says prosecutors"
652:"Fears over rogue trader 'raised 3 months ago'"
518:
511:On 8 September 2014, Kerviel was released from
2210:American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
2075:Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight
1416:
997:
2469:
1856:
1551:"Kerviel lawyer says to appeal court verdict"
1455:"Jerome Kerviel charged over $ 8bn bank scam"
1391:
1252:Jim Bittermann; Niki Cook (28 January 2008).
1158:Nicola Clark; David Jolly (25 January 2008).
1069:"Bank Outlines How Trader Hid His Activities"
1057:
936:"French police question rogue trader Kerviel"
889:
803:Nicola Clark; David Jolly (25 January 2008).
771:"'Rogue Trader' Is Remembered as Mr. Average"
252:Kerviel joined the middle office of the bank
2134:Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008
1829:Fritz-Morgenthal, Sebastian/ Rafeld, Hagen:
1490:"Kerviel's fine the size of 20 Airbus A380s"
1425:"Phone records could be key to Kerviel case"
1098:Souchard, Pierre-Antoine (26 January 2008).
710:"Phone records could be key to Kerviel case"
623:"Jerome Kerviel was 'honest, working class'"
1422:
1307:"Un extraordinaire talent de dissimulation"
1153:
1151:
1066:
858:
856:
707:
311:SocGen states that Kerviel was assigned to
3227:Criminal enterprises, gangs and syndicates
2476:
2462:
2271:
2225:Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act of 2009
2149:Term Asset-Backed Securities Loan Facility
1863:
1849:
1822:
1664:Pascale Robert-Diard (23 September 2016).
1213:
1211:
1209:
942:. Reuters. 26 January 2008. Archived from
764:
762:
42:
2405:Effects of the Great Recession on museums
2235:Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008
2119:China–Japan–South Korea trilateral summit
1102:. Paris. Associated Press. Archived from
862:
734:
455:Kerviel's trial began on 8 June 2010. On
2099:Government policy and spending responses
2065:Government National Mortgage Association
1394:"Rogue trader taken into police custody"
1148:
1100:"Rogue French trader taken into custody"
1097:
853:
616:
614:
612:
610:
168:who was convicted and imprisoned in the
2159:2008 United Kingdom bank rescue package
1206:
930:
928:
926:
805:"Fraud Costs French Bank $ 7.1 Billion"
759:
300:
14:
3265:
1770:
1247:
1245:
1027:
1025:
901:"Profile: Rogue trader Jerome Kerviel"
712:. London: Telegraph UK. Archived from
677:Nelson D. Schwartz (25 January 2008).
658:from the original on 29 September 2017
646:
644:
625:. London: Telegraph UK. Archived from
576:
506:
486:
388:
2457:
2144:Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program
2114:Banking (Special Provisions) Act 2008
2097:
2035:Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
1844:
1783:from the original on 8 September 2018
1761:, 5 March 2014. Retrieved 2014-03-05.
1518:
815:from the original on 4 September 2014
798:
796:
781:from the original on 6 September 2017
607:
595:from the original on 6 September 2013
582:
155:
3126:High-yield investment program (HYIP)
2030:Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
1726:from the original on 1 November 2008
1709:, 7 June 2016. Retrieved 2016-06-07.
1592:from the original on 27 October 2012
1317:from the original on 28 January 2008
1230:from the original on 11 October 2008
1136:from the original on 3 February 2008
1079:from the original on 29 January 2008
1045:from the original on 28 January 2008
991:
923:
841:from the original on 27 January 2008
747:from the original on 29 January 2008
735:Kar-Gupta, Sudip (26 January 2008).
701:
3116:Foundation for New Era Philanthropy
2320:Collateralized mortgage obligations
1870:
1771:Roland, Denise (8 September 2014).
1561:from the original on 8 October 2010
1500:from the original on 5 October 2010
1287:from the original on 11 August 2023
1242:
1170:from the original on 28 August 2011
1126:"Rogue trader began year in profit"
1022:
1010:from the original on 30 August 2008
998:Christine Seib (21 February 2008).
641:
385:to excuse its recent heavy losses.
247:
24:
1676:from the original on 24 March 2018
1622:from the original on 20 March 2021
1579:
827:
793:
689:from the original on 4 August 2013
307:2008 Société Générale trading loss
170:2008 Société Générale trading loss
25:
3344:
3318:Prisoners and detainees of France
2415:2007–2008 world food price crisis
2215:Chinese economic stimulus program
2200:2008 European Union stimulus plan
2124:Commercial Paper Funding Facility
1816:collected news and commentary at
1799:
1531:from the original on 22 July 2016
1463:. 29 January 2008. Archived from
1404:from the original on 12 June 2011
1392:Chris Gourlay (26 January 2008).
1347:. 26 January 2008. Archived from
979:from the original on 12 June 2011
877:from the original on 18 July 2008
2443:List of countries by public debt
2070:National Asset Management Agency
1519:Clark, Nicola (5 October 2010).
583:Clark, Nicola (5 October 2010).
440:Kerviel was formally charged on
3181:Saradha Group financial scandal
2398:2008 Central Asia energy crisis
2315:Collateralized debt obligations
1764:
1738:
1712:
1688:
1657:
1634:
1604:
1573:
1543:
1512:
1447:
1423:Peter Allen (28 January 2008).
1385:
1363:
1333:
1299:
1272:
1182:
1118:
1091:
1067:Icola Clark (28 January 2008).
958:
708:Peter Allen (28 January 2008).
207:Kerviel graduated in 2000 from
124:Lemaire Consultants (currently)
27:French rogue trader (born 1977)
3298:French prisoners and detainees
2205:2008–2009 Keynesian resurgence
2050:Federal Housing Finance Agency
2045:Federal Housing Administration
1809:Excerpts of police questioning
1313:(in French). 25 January 2008.
835:"International Herald Tribune"
728:
670:
13:
1:
3283:21st-century French criminals
2535:1992 Indian stock market scam
2220:Economic Stimulus Act of 2008
2154:Troubled Asset Relief Program
2080:Office of Financial Stability
2055:Federal Housing Finance Board
1989:Société Générale trading loss
863:Adam Sage (26 January 2008).
569:
494:
481:Court of Appeal of Versailles
187:
2810:Strip search phone call scam
2625:Extraterrestrial real estate
2139:Irish emergency budget, 2009
1758:International Business Times
519:References to Jérôme Kerviel
242:Union for a Popular Movement
7:
3333:University of Nantes alumni
2685:Intellectual property scams
2675:Indian coal allocation scam
2484:Scams and confidence tricks
532:
416:filed a lawsuit for fraud,
134:illegal access to computers
10:
3349:
3171:Pyramid schemes in Albania
3131:Investors Overseas Service
3063:Website reputation ratings
2438:2007–2008 financial crisis
2330:Mortgage-backed securities
1941:Automotive industry crisis
1373:. Reuters. 26 January 2008
304:
3328:University of Lyon alumni
3308:People convicted of fraud
3209:
3201:Welsh Thrasher faith scam
3146:Madoff investment scandal
3071:
2873:
2640:Foreclosure rescue scheme
2525:
2489:
2428:
2385:
2343:
2335:Secondary mortgage market
2300:
2256:rescues, and acquisitions
2254:Government interventions,
2253:
2245:Zero interest-rate policy
2192:
2104:
2093:
2022:
1969:
1956:Housing market correction
1933:
1878:
1833:, in: Risk Professional,
209:Lumière University Lyon 2
138:
128:
115:
104:
90:Lumière University Lyon 2
85:
53:
41:
34:
3196:Stanford Financial Group
3001:Russian Business Network
2790:Slavery reparations scam
2353:(United States; c. 2009)
2085:UK Financial Investments
1970:Banking losses and fraud
1961:Subprime mortgage crisis
1946:California budget crisis
1779:. Agence France-Presse.
654:. CNN. 28 January 2008.
3313:People from Pont-l'Abbé
3166:Petters Group Worldwide
2371:(worldwide; 2011–2012)
2310:Auction rate securities
2040:Federal Home Loan Banks
1707:The Wall Street Journal
1701:8 November 2020 at the
1646:8 November 2020 at the
2860:White van speaker scam
2825:Technical support scam
2800:SSA impersonation scam
2755:Redemption/A4V schemes
2680:IRS impersonation scam
2645:Foreign exchange fraud
2060:Federal Reserve System
1934:United States-specific
1226:. Paris, Pont l'Abbe.
1195:10 August 2017 at the
564:List of trading losses
315:discrepancies between
157:[ʒeʁomkɛʁvjɛl]
3293:French male criminals
2660:Get-rich-quick scheme
2650:Fortune telling fraud
2410:Decline of newspapers
2357:2009 May Day protests
2303:and financial markets
2193:Stimulus and recovery
1496:. 28 September 2010.
1256:. CNN. Archived from
513:Fleury Merogis prison
270:exchange-traded funds
244:but was not elected.
153:French pronunciation:
142:Three years in prison
3303:French stock traders
3136:Kapa investment scam
2956:Internet vigilantism
2946:Email authentication
2921:Cryptocurrency scams
2815:Swampland in Florida
2433:European debt crisis
2325:Credit default swaps
2301:Securities involved
2107:stability and reform
1751:9 March 2014 at the
1345:Agence France-Presse
479:On 7 June 2016, the
329:, Kerviel generated
301:Unauthorized trading
282:quantitative trading
230:University of Nantes
228:in finance from the
99:University of Nantes
3240:Film and television
2961:Lenny anti-scam bot
2865:Work-at-home scheme
2830:Telemarketing fraud
2690:Kansas City Shuffle
2615:Embarrassing cheque
2393:2000s energy crisis
2105:Banking and finance
2023:Government entities
1429:The Daily Telegraph
1132:. 30 January 2008.
1041:. 25 January 2008.
1033:"SocGen postmortem"
507:Release from prison
487:Lemaire Consultants
389:Legal repercussions
354:stock index futures
322:unauthorized trades
132:Abuse of confidence
3191:Scott W. Rothstein
3086:Aman Futures Group
2605:Coin rolling scams
2600:Coin-matching game
2375:Occupy Wall Street
2351:Tea Party protests
2009:Scott W. Rothstein
1694:Bisserbe, Noemie,
1557:. 5 October 2010.
1525:The New York Times
1435:on 1 February 2008
1351:on 28 January 2008
1260:on 30 January 2008
1203:, 31 January 2008.
1164:The New York Times
1106:on 29 January 2008
1073:The New York Times
946:on 28 January 2008
911:on 28 January 2008
809:The New York Times
775:The New York Times
716:on 1 February 2008
683:The New York Times
629:on 3 February 2008
589:The New York Times
529:released in 2016.
317:equity derivatives
288:, governor of the
184:4.9 billion.
164:1977) is a French
129:Criminal charge(s)
3288:French fraudsters
3260:
3259:
3222:Confidence tricks
2941:Domain name scams
2840:Thai zig zag scam
2705:Miracle cars scam
2528:confidence tricks
2526:Notable scams and
2451:
2450:
2420:Retail apocalypse
2365:(MENA; 2010–2012)
2296:
2295:
2292:
2291:
2188:
2187:
2168:Bank stress tests
1837:, pp. 47–51.
1744:Croucher, Shane,
1618:. 19 March 2014.
1188:Connor, Dominic,
425:Neuilly-sur-Seine
260:products team in
226:bachelor's degree
213:Master of Finance
146:
145:
94:Master of Finance
16:(Redirected from
3340:
3091:Bernard Cornfeld
3053:Stock Generation
2981:Referer spoofing
2845:Three-card monte
2835:Thai tailor scam
2795:Spanish Prisoner
2725:Overpayment scam
2665:Green goods scam
2565:Black money scam
2550:Art student scam
2545:Advance-fee scam
2540:2G spectrum case
2478:
2471:
2464:
2455:
2454:
2344:Social responses
2269:
2268:
2165:
2164:
2095:
2094:
1865:
1858:
1851:
1842:
1841:
1836:
1826:
1807:
1793:
1792:
1790:
1788:
1768:
1762:
1742:
1736:
1735:
1733:
1731:
1716:
1710:
1692:
1686:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1661:
1655:
1638:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1608:
1602:
1601:
1599:
1597:
1577:
1571:
1570:
1568:
1566:
1547:
1541:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1516:
1510:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1486:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1451:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1431:. Archived from
1420:
1414:
1413:
1411:
1409:
1389:
1383:
1382:
1380:
1378:
1367:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1356:
1337:
1331:
1330:
1324:
1322:
1303:
1297:
1296:
1294:
1292:
1276:
1270:
1269:
1267:
1265:
1249:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1235:
1215:
1204:
1186:
1180:
1179:
1177:
1175:
1155:
1146:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1122:
1116:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1095:
1089:
1088:
1086:
1084:
1064:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1029:
1020:
1019:
1017:
1015:
995:
989:
988:
986:
984:
962:
956:
955:
953:
951:
932:
921:
920:
918:
916:
907:. Archived from
896:
887:
886:
884:
882:
860:
851:
850:
848:
846:
831:
825:
824:
822:
820:
800:
791:
790:
788:
786:
766:
757:
756:
754:
752:
732:
726:
725:
723:
721:
705:
699:
698:
696:
694:
674:
668:
667:
665:
663:
648:
639:
638:
636:
634:
618:
605:
604:
602:
600:
580:
544:Toshihide Iguchi
458:
447:
443:
434:investment firms
396:
380:
359:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
254:Société Générale
248:Société Générale
192:Kerviel grew up
163:
159:
154:
139:Criminal penalty
120:Société Générale
67:
63:
61:
46:
32:
31:
21:
3348:
3347:
3343:
3342:
3341:
3339:
3338:
3337:
3263:
3262:
3261:
3256:
3205:
3151:Make Money Fast
3121:Franchise fraud
3076:
3067:
3048:Spoofing attack
3031:Scammer Payback
2879:countermeasures
2878:
2869:
2560:Bait-and-switch
2527:
2521:
2485:
2482:
2452:
2447:
2424:
2381:
2369:Occupy movement
2339:
2302:
2288:
2267:
2255:
2249:
2184:
2163:
2106:
2100:
2089:
2018:
1965:
1929:
1874:
1872:Great Recession
1869:
1834:
1805:
1802:
1797:
1796:
1786:
1784:
1769:
1765:
1753:Wayback Machine
1743:
1739:
1729:
1727:
1718:
1717:
1713:
1703:Wayback Machine
1693:
1689:
1679:
1677:
1662:
1658:
1648:Wayback Machine
1639:
1635:
1625:
1623:
1610:
1609:
1605:
1595:
1593:
1580:Samual, Henry.
1578:
1574:
1564:
1562:
1549:
1548:
1544:
1534:
1532:
1517:
1513:
1503:
1501:
1488:
1487:
1480:
1470:
1468:
1467:on 3 March 2008
1453:
1452:
1448:
1438:
1436:
1421:
1417:
1407:
1405:
1390:
1386:
1376:
1374:
1369:
1368:
1364:
1354:
1352:
1339:
1338:
1334:
1320:
1318:
1305:
1304:
1300:
1290:
1288:
1277:
1273:
1263:
1261:
1250:
1243:
1233:
1231:
1216:
1207:
1197:Wayback Machine
1187:
1183:
1173:
1171:
1156:
1149:
1139:
1137:
1124:
1123:
1119:
1109:
1107:
1096:
1092:
1082:
1080:
1065:
1058:
1048:
1046:
1038:Financial Times
1031:
1030:
1023:
1013:
1011:
996:
992:
982:
980:
963:
959:
949:
947:
934:
933:
924:
914:
912:
897:
890:
880:
878:
861:
854:
844:
842:
833:
832:
828:
818:
816:
801:
794:
784:
782:
767:
760:
750:
748:
733:
729:
719:
717:
706:
702:
692:
690:
675:
671:
661:
659:
650:
649:
642:
632:
630:
619:
608:
598:
596:
581:
577:
572:
535:
521:
509:
497:
489:
456:
445:
441:
418:breach of trust
394:
391:
378:
357:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
309:
303:
286:Christian Noyer
266:program trading
250:
190:
174:breach of trust
161:
152:
133:
123:
97:
81:
68:
65:
64:11 January 1977
59:
57:
49:
48:Kerviel in 2015
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3346:
3336:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3258:
3257:
3255:
3254:
3249:
3248:
3247:
3242:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3213:
3211:
3207:
3206:
3204:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3082:
3080:
3069:
3068:
3066:
3065:
3060:
3058:Voice phishing
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3034:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2891:Pig Butchering
2888:
2882:
2880:
2875:Internet scams
2871:
2870:
2868:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2780:Sick baby hoax
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2760:Reloading scam
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2695:Locksmith scam
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2531:
2529:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2493:
2491:
2487:
2486:
2481:
2480:
2473:
2466:
2458:
2449:
2448:
2446:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2429:
2426:
2425:
2423:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2401:
2400:
2389:
2387:
2386:Related topics
2383:
2382:
2380:
2379:
2378:
2377:
2366:
2360:
2354:
2347:
2345:
2341:
2340:
2338:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2306:
2304:
2298:
2297:
2294:
2293:
2290:
2289:
2287:
2286:
2284:General Motors
2281:
2275:
2273:
2266:
2265:
2259:
2257:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2230:Green New Deal
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2196:
2194:
2190:
2189:
2186:
2185:
2183:
2182:
2177:
2171:
2169:
2162:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2110:
2108:
2102:
2101:
2091:
2090:
2088:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2026:
2024:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2016:
2014:Allen Stanford
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1985:
1984:
1973:
1971:
1967:
1966:
1964:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1951:Housing bubble
1948:
1943:
1937:
1935:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1927:
1922:
1921:
1920:
1910:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1898:
1888:
1882:
1880:
1876:
1875:
1868:
1867:
1860:
1853:
1845:
1839:
1838:
1827:
1814:Jérôme Kerviel
1811:
1801:
1800:External links
1798:
1795:
1794:
1763:
1737:
1711:
1687:
1656:
1633:
1603:
1572:
1542:
1511:
1478:
1446:
1415:
1384:
1362:
1332:
1298:
1271:
1241:
1205:
1181:
1147:
1117:
1090:
1056:
1021:
990:
957:
922:
888:
852:
826:
792:
758:
727:
700:
669:
640:
606:
574:
573:
571:
568:
567:
566:
561:
556:
551:
546:
541:
534:
531:
520:
517:
508:
505:
496:
493:
488:
485:
476:repay €4.9bn.
390:
387:
305:Main article:
302:
299:
290:Bank of France
249:
246:
189:
186:
149:Jérôme Kerviel
144:
143:
140:
136:
135:
130:
126:
125:
117:
113:
112:
106:
102:
101:
87:
83:
82:
69:
55:
51:
50:
47:
39:
38:
36:Jérôme Kerviel
35:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3345:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3323:Rogue traders
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3278:Living people
3276:
3274:
3271:
3270:
3268:
3253:
3252:Ponzi schemes
3250:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3237:
3236:In the media
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3214:
3212:
3208:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3186:Secret Sister
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3156:Matrix scheme
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3083:
3081:
3079:
3078:Ponzi schemes
3074:
3070:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3013:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2986:Ripoff Report
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2883:
2881:
2876:
2872:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2785:SIM swap scam
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2750:Pump and dump
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2735:Pig in a poke
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2590:Charity fraud
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2570:Blessing scam
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2524:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2502:Error account
2500:
2498:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2488:
2479:
2474:
2472:
2467:
2465:
2460:
2459:
2456:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2430:
2427:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2394:
2391:
2390:
2388:
2384:
2376:
2373:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2364:
2361:
2358:
2355:
2352:
2349:
2348:
2346:
2342:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2307:
2305:
2299:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2274:
2270:
2264:
2261:
2260:
2258:
2252:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2197:
2195:
2191:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2172:
2170:
2166:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2103:
2096:
2092:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2021:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1999:Bernie Madoff
1997:
1995:
1994:Forex scandal
1992:
1990:
1987:
1983:
1980:
1979:
1978:
1977:Libor scandal
1975:
1974:
1972:
1968:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1938:
1936:
1932:
1926:
1923:
1919:
1916:
1915:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1902:
1901:South America
1899:
1897:
1896:United States
1894:
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66:(age 47)
56:
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33:
30:
19:
3176:Reed Slatkin
3141:Kubus scheme
3021:Jim Browning
3016:419eater.com
3011:Scam baiting
2996:Romance scam
2966:Lottery scam
2911:Clickjacking
2855:Wash trading
2850:Trojan horse
2765:Return fraud
2715:Mock auction
2610:Drop swindle
2575:Bogus escrow
1819:The Guardian
1817:
1785:. Retrieved
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559:Howie Hubler
524:
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501:Pope Francis
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414:shareholders
407:
406:prosecutor.
392:
371:
362:
351:
343:€4.9 billion
331:€1.4 billion
310:
251:
234:
206:
191:
166:rogue trader
148:
147:
111:, consultant
29:
3273:1977 births
3217:Con artists
3101:Dona Branca
3043:Spoofed URL
2951:Email fraud
2931:CyberThrill
2906:Click fraud
2820:Tarmac scam
2745:Pork barrel
2740:Pigeon drop
2730:Patent safe
2720:Moving scam
2630:Fiddle game
2580:Boiler room
2555:Badger game
2517:Sucker list
2490:Terminology
2363:Arab Spring
2272:Non-banking
2004:Tom Petters
1806:(in French)
1787:8 September
1626:12 December
1535:22 February
1014:22 February
554:Bruno Iksil
539:Nick Leeson
526:Team Spirit
465:restitution
379:€60 million
374:Prosecutors
358:31 December
347:$ 7 billion
222:back office
194:Pont-l'Abbé
116:Employer(s)
71:Pont-l'Abbé
3267:Categories
3245:Literature
3106:Earl Jones
3038:ShadowCrew
2991:Rock Phish
2936:DarkMarket
2926:Cybercrime
2901:Catfishing
2775:Shell game
2710:Mismarking
2635:Fine print
2595:Clip joint
2585:Bride scam
1596:24 October
1471:29 January
1439:28 January
1408:28 January
1400:. London.
1377:28 January
1355:26 January
1321:26 January
1291:24 January
1264:28 January
1234:27 January
1174:25 January
1140:30 January
1110:26 January
1083:28 January
1049:25 January
1006:. London.
975:. London.
950:26 January
915:28 January
881:28 January
873:. London.
845:25 January
819:24 January
785:26 January
751:27 January
720:28 January
693:29 January
662:29 January
633:29 January
570:References
495:Pilgrimage
446:29 January
442:28 January
395:24 January
339:21 January
335:19 January
188:Early life
162:11 January
122:(formerly)
60:1977-01-11
3232:Impostors
2886:Avalanche
2700:Long firm
2620:Exit scam
1982:Tom Hayes
1879:By region
1835:June 2010
1730:17 August
1680:1 October
1565:5 October
1504:5 October
1398:The Times
1311:Le Figaro
1224:The Times
1004:The Times
972:The Times
870:The Times
599:5 October
461:suspended
457:5 October
409:Le Figaro
383:scapegoat
313:arbitrage
258:delta one
240:with the
204:in 2008.
202:separated
86:Education
75:Finistère
3006:SaferNet
2976:Phishing
2916:Cramming
2805:SSC Scam
2670:Hustling
2655:Gem scam
2279:Chrysler
1891:Americas
1781:Archived
1749:Archived
1724:Archived
1699:Archived
1674:Archived
1670:Le Monde
1652:HuffPost
1644:Archived
1620:Archived
1590:Archived
1559:Archived
1529:Archived
1498:Archived
1402:Archived
1315:Archived
1285:Archived
1228:Archived
1193:Archived
1168:Archived
1134:Archived
1130:BBC News
1077:Archived
1043:Archived
1008:Archived
977:Archived
875:Archived
839:Archived
813:Archived
779:Archived
745:Archived
687:Archived
656:Archived
593:Archived
533:See also
404:Nanterre
198:Brittany
3096:Caritas
3073:Pyramid
3026:Kitboga
2896:Carding
2770:Salting
2512:Shyster
1925:Oceania
1918:Iceland
1555:Reuters
1494:Reuters
1460:Mercury
1328:prison.
741:Reuters
463:, full
211:with a
178:forgery
160:; born
18:Kerviel
3111:Ezubao
2971:PayPai
1913:Europe
1886:Africa
470:appeal
400:forged
360:2007.
218:middle
109:Trader
79:France
3210:Lists
2507:Shill
983:6 May
366:hedge
274:swaps
262:Paris
2497:Scam
2180:U.S.
1908:Asia
1789:2018
1732:2008
1682:2017
1628:2016
1598:2012
1567:2010
1537:2017
1506:2010
1473:2008
1441:2008
1410:2008
1379:2008
1357:2008
1323:2008
1293:2008
1266:2008
1236:2008
1176:2008
1142:2008
1112:2008
1085:2008
1051:2008
1016:2008
985:2010
952:2008
917:2008
883:2008
847:2008
821:2008
787:2008
753:2008
722:2008
695:2008
664:2008
635:2008
601:2010
450:bail
280:and
236:the
220:and
172:for
54:Born
3161:MMM
3075:and
2877:and
349:).
327:BBC
3269::
2175:EU
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