4449:
355:
possible that some of this community relocated for economic reasons as much as to escape the new rulers. Brahmins were at that time generally being offered grants of land in other areas by rulers seeking to utilise the traditionally high literacy and general education of the community, as well as the legitimacy conferred upon them by association. The outcome of this shift both in population and in religion was that the
Kashmir Valley became a predominantly Muslim region. It was during the 14th century that the Kashmiri Pandits likely split into their three subcastes: Guru/Bāchabat (priests), Jotish (astrologers), and Kārkun (who were historically mainly employed by the government). The majority of Kashmiri Brahmins are Kārkuns, and this is likely due to the conversion of the majority of Kashmiris to Islam, which led to a decrease in demand for Hindu priests, which led most Kashmiri Brahmins to seek secular employment.
4455:
1943:
brahmins. Then there were the 'traditional urban-oriented professional castes such as the Nagars of
Gujarat, the Chitpawans and the Ckps (Chandrasenya Kayastha Prabhus)s of Maharashtra and the Kayasthas of North India. Also included were the old elite groups that emerged during the colonial rule: the Probasi and the Bhadralok Bengalis, the Parsis and the upper crusts of Muslim and Christian communities. Education was a common thread that bound together this pan Indian elite...But almost all its members spoke and wrote English and had had some education beyond school
705:
498:
38:
266:
641:
400:
383:
371:
816:
1993:, p. 318 Quote: "Since a majority of the landlords were Hindu, the (land) reforms (of 1950) led to a mass exodus of Hindus from the state. ... The unsettled nature of Kashmir's accession to India, coupled with the threat of economic and social decline in the face of the land reforms, led to increasing insecurity among the Hindus in Jammu, and among Kashmiri Pandits, 20 per cent of whom had emigrated from the Valley by 1950."
757:
713:
362:(1423–74), was tolerant of Hindus to the extent of sanctioning a return to Hinduism of those who had been forcibly converted to the Muslim faith, as well as becoming involved in the restoration of temples. He respected the learning of these Pandits, to whom he gave land as well as encouraging those who had left to return. He operated a meritocracy and both Brahmins and Buddhists were among his closest advisors.
721:
178:
3206:, p. 130: "Sheikh: local converts, subdivided into numerous subgroups. Most largely retain their family names, or patronyms (kram), indicating their original profession, locality or community-such as Khar (carpenter), Pampori (a place), Butt and Pandit (Brahmin), Dar (kshatriya)-but with increasing Islamization, some have dropped these"
325:(feudal chiefs) grew powerful, defied royal authority, and by their constant revolts plunged the country into confusion. Life and property were not safe, agriculture declined, and there were periods when trade came to a standstill. Socially and morally too the court and the country had sunk to the depths of degradations.
3017:, p. 130: "Kashmiri Hindus are all Saraswat Brahmins, known by the exonym Pandit (the endonym being Batta), a term first reserved for emigrant Kashmiri Brahmins in Mughal service. Their surnames (kram) designate their original professions or their ancestors' nicknames (e.g., Hakim, Kaul, Dhar, Raina, Teng)."
4448:
3045:
The
Kashmiri Pandits are the precursors of Kashmiri Muslims who now form a majority in the valley of Kashmir...Whereas Kashmiri Pandits are of the same ethnic stock as the Kashmiri Muslims, both sharing their habitat, language, dress, food and other habits, Kashmiri Pandits form a constituent part of
553:
noted that 808 Pandit families, comprising 3,445 people, were still living in the Valley and that financial and other incentives put in place to encourage others to return there had been unsuccessful. According to a J&K government report, 219 members of the community had been killed in the region
308:
and Arab regimes from the eighth century onwards, but they generally ignored the mountain-circled
Kashmir Valley in favour of easier pickings elsewhere. It was not until the fourteenth century that Muslim rule was finally established in the Valley and when this happened it did not occur primarily as
858:
worn on the ear by women today as a symbol of their being married. Kaw has speculated that this item of jewellery may not have existed at the time. The texts also refer to both sexes using cosmetics, and to the women adopting elaborate hairstyles. Men, too, might adopt stylish arrangements and wear
663:
states that the
Pandits made up about 6 per cent of the Kashmir Valley's population in 1947. By 1950, their population declined to 5 per cent as many Pandits moved to other parts of India due to the uncompensated land redistribution policy, the unsettled nature of Kashmir's accession to India and
354:
because of his destruction of many non-Muslim religious symbols and the manner in which he forced the population to convert or flee. Many followers of the traditional religions who did not convert to Islam instead migrated to other parts of India. The migrants included some
Pandits, although it is
582:
The Jammu And
Kashmir Migrant Immovable Property (Preservation, Protection And Restraint on Distress Sales) Act, 1997, provides that "Any person who is an unauthorised occupant or recipient of any usufruct of any immovable property of the migrant shall pay to the migrant such compensation for the
3403:
Meaning of surnames found on the
Kashmiri Pandit tree: Bakaya, Sapru, Bakshi, Munshi, Wazir, Chalkbast, Bhan, Langar or Langroo, Wattal, Bazaz, Taimini, Mattu, Chak, Zalpuri, Khar, Hazari, Zutshi, Razdan, Tikhu, Kathju, sopori, Thussoo, Haksar, Raina, Waloo or Wali, Wantu/Wanchu, Gamkhwar, Kakh,
514:
According to a number of authors, approximately 100,000 of the total
Kashmiri Pandit population of 140,000 left the valley during the 1990s. Other authors have suggested a higher figure for the exodus, ranging from the entire population of over 150,000, to 190,000 of a total Pandit population of
1942:
such as doctors,engineers and lawyers,business entrepreneurs,teachers in schools in the bigger cities and in the institutes of higher education, journalists...The upper castes dominated the Indian middle class. Prominent among its members were
Punjabi Khatris, Kashmiri Pandits and South Indian
564:
As of October 2015, only 1 Kashmiri Pandit family returned to the Kashmir valley since 1990 according to the Jammu & Kashmir government despite the financial assistance being given for rehabilitation. As of 2016, a total of 1,800 Kashmiri Pandit youths have returned to the valley since the
505:
They began to leave in much greater numbers in the 1990s during the eruption of militancy, following persecution and threats by radical Islamists and militants. The events of 19 January 1990 were particularly vicious. On that day, mosques issued declarations that the Kashmiri Pandits were
510:
and that the males had to leave Kashmir, convert to Islam or be killed. Those who chose to the first of these were told to leave their women behind. The Kashmiri Muslims were instructed to identify Pandit homes so they could be systematically targeted for conversion or killing.
1391::From 1947 on, Kashmir's roughly 700,000 Hindus felt increasingly uneasy and discriminated against, and youth … from a variety of sources such as Islamist organizations, Islamic countries, Kashmiri Muslim fund raisers in the West, and migrant labor from Azad Kashmir in the …
1239:
Motilal was expelled from his caste in 1899 for travelling to England and refusing to perform the purification ceremony. The Nehrus were stigmatised by other Kashmiri Pandits as late as 1919 and there were controversies about Nehru women dining with other Kashmiri pandit
889:
The Kashmiri Pandits are divided into three subcastes: Guru/Bāchabat (priests), Jotish (astrologers), and Kārkun (who were historically mainly employed by the government). All three subcastes interdine and interteach, but only the Jotish and Kārkun subcastes intermarry.
519:
in organising a clandestine exodus been a subject of controversy. Many of the refugee Kashmiri Pandits have been living in abject conditions in refugee camps of Jammu. The government has reported on the terrorist threats to Pandits still living in the Kashmir region.
473:
and the upper crusts of Muslim and Christian communities. According to P.K.Verma, "Education was a common thread that bound together this pan Indian elite" and almost all the members of these communities could read and write English and were educated beyond school.
493:
The Kashmiri Pandits had been a favoured section of the population of the valley during Dogra rule (1846–1947). 20 per cent of them left the valley as a consequence of the 1950 land reforms, and by 1981 the Pandit population amounted to 5 per cent of the total.
558:, Kashmir Pandit Sangharsh Samiti after carrying out a survey in 2008 and 2009, said that 399 Kashmiri Pandits were killed by insurgents from 1990 to 2011 with 75% of them being killed during the first year of the Kashmiri insurgency.
300:
were blurred, with the exception of that for the Brahmins. Another notable feature of early Kashmiri society was the relative high regard in which women were held when compared to their position in other communities of the period.
329:
The Brahmins had something to be particularly unhappy about during the reign of the last Lohara king, for Sūhadeva chose to include them in his system of onerous taxation, whereas previously they appear to have been exempted.
779:, considered one of the holiest Hindu shrines, saw the largest gathering of Kashmiri Pandits in the Kashmir valley in 2012. The shrine is located in Tullamulla village, 24 km from Srinagar in Ganderbal district.
690:
According to Indian government, more than 60,000 families are registered as Kashmiri migrants including some Sikh and Muslim families. Most families were resettled in Jammu, NCR and other neighbouring states.
667:
In the 1981 census, the Kashmir Division had 124,078 Hindus, the majority of whom were Pandits. Scholar Alexander Evans estimates by 1990, there would have been 160,000–170,000 Pandits in the Kashmir Valley.
605:
Following the migration of the Kashmiri Pandit community, various socio-political organisations have sprung up to represent the cause of the displaced community. The most prominent among these are the
3297:
Among the leading Krams may be mentioned the following names:— Tikku, Razdan, Kak, Munshi, Mathu, Kachru, Pandit, Sapru, Bhan, Zitshu, Raina, Dar, Fotadar, Madan, Thusu, Wangnu, Muju, Hokhu, and Dulu.
867:
Henzae is an ancient traditional form of singing practised by Kashmiri Pandits at their festivals. It appears to have archaic features that suggest it is the oldest form of Kashmiri folk singing.
249:
native to the Kashmir Valley, and the only remaining Hindu Kashmiris after the large-scale of conversion of the Valley's population to Islam during the medieval times. Prompted by the growth of
3112:
The Sheikhs are considered to be the descendants of Hindus and the pure Kashmiri Muslims, professing Sunni faith, the major part of the population of Srinagar district and the Kashmir state.
2602:
3079:
Thus the two population groups, Kashmiri Pandits and Kashmiri Muslims though at the time constituted ethnically homogenous population, came to differ from each other in faith and customs.
1435::… of the Centre of Central Asian Studies, Kashmir University, and member of Panun Kashmir (a Pandit … the Valley in 1990, believes "it could be anything between 300,000 to 600,000 people
911:. Kashmiri Hindus society reckons descent patrilineally. Certain property and titles may be inherited through the male line, but certain inheritances may accrue through the female line.
3000:
There are even reports of certain Brahmin (Bengali Brahmins, Oriya Brahmins, Brahmins of certain parts of Bihar, Saraswat Brahmins of northern India, and Kashmiri Pandits) eating fish.
881:
of not eating the meat of forbidden animals such as beef and pork. Frederick J. Simoons says that according to some reports, Kashmiri Pandits also consume fish as part of their diet.
561:
The exiled community had hoped to return after the situation improved. They have not done so because the situation in the Valley remains unstable and they fear a risk to their lives.
617:. These organisations are involved in rehabilitation of the community in the valley through peace negotiations, mobilisation of human rights groups and job creation for the Pandits.
3639:
3092:
3059:
2580:
3589:
346:, wreaked devastation in 1320, when he commanded a force that conquered many regions of the Kashmir Valley. However, Zulju was probably not a Muslim. The actions of Sultan
5241:
1506:
Kashmiri Hindus are all Saraswat brahmins, known by the exonym Pandit (the endonym being Batta), a term first reserved for emigrant Kashmiri brahmins in Mughal service.
3744:
5022:
3519:
Even now there are many distinguished scholars of Persian among the Kashmiri Brahmins in India. Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru and Raja Narendranath to mention two of them.
4096:
Zutshi, Chitraleka (2008). "Shrines, Political Authority, and Religious Identities in Late-Nineteenth and Early-Twentieth-century Kashmir". In Rao, Aparna (ed.).
2107:
531:
got seats reserved in engineering colleges for the children of these Pandits. He was one of the first persons to help them after which Punjab also followed suit.
3820:
538:
passed a resolution to recognise 14 September 2007, as Martyrs Day to acknowledge ethnic cleansing and campaigns of terror inflicted on non-Muslim minorities of
3614:
1446:
442:" (following professions like doctors, lawyers, teachers, engineers, etc.) immediately after Independence in 1947. This list included the Kashmiri Pandits, the
2717:"Cabinet approves the proposal to provide State Government jobs and transit accommodations in the Kashmir Valley for the rehabilitation of Kashmiri migrants"
2492:
600:
2375:
2610:
1552:
1261:
Singh, Devinder (21 November 2014). "Reinventing Agency, Sacred Geography and Community Formation: The Case of Displaced Kashmiri Pandits in India".
648:
According to the 1941 census, there were 78,800 Kashmiri Pandits in the Kashmir Valley. They were distributed into the two districts of Valley, the
3531:
3718:
2261:
835:
were worn long-sleeved by men and in both long- and half-sleeved versions by women. Caps were worn, as well as a type of turban referred to as a
3248:...the Muslims also retained their Hindu caste-names known as Krams e.g. Tantre, Nayak, Magre, Rather, Lone, Bat, Dar, Parray, Mantu, Yatoo.....
3891:
2401:
2356:
4402:
839:, while footwear consisted of leather shoes and boots, worn with socks. Some items were elaborate, such as the peacock shoes – known as
2828:
579:
There are zones set up with offices for relief. Many Orders, Circulars and recommendations have been issued for relief of Kashmiri Pandits.
831:'s detailed records from the eleventh century describe many items of which the precise nature is unknown. It is clear that tunics known as
435:
2842:
2277:
515:
200,000, to a number as high as 800,000. The nature of the planned exodus has remain controversial, with the involvement of then Governor
5333:
4163:
2310:
4718:
2524:
2031:
1220:
596:
2150:
3848:
2588:
1594:
3424:
309:
a consequence of invasion so much as because of internal problems resulting from the weak rule and corruption endemic in the Hindu
675:, a great majority of Pandits felt threatened and left the Kashmir Valley for other parts of India. A large number settled in the
875:
The Kashmiri Pandits have a tradition of consuming meat, including mutton and fish, but they obey restrictions laid down by the
854:
There are many references to the wearing of jewellery by both sexes, but a significant omission from them is any record of the
4105:
4076:
4051:
3965:
3915:
3804:
3691:
3434:
3290:
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2871:
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1904:
1859:
1832:
1805:
1775:
1748:
1718:
1688:
1661:
1634:
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is traditionally revered by Kashmiri Pandits and in 2009 there was an attempt by them to revive pilgrimages to the site. The
3821:"Sampat Prakash passed away : श्रीनगर में संपत प्रकाश का दिल का दौरा पड़ने से हुआ निधन , महबूबा ने tweet कर जताया दुःख"
4454:
3166:
1330:
Yong, Amos (2011). "Constructing China's Jerusalem: Christians, Power, and Place in Contemporary Wenzhou - By Nanlai Cao".
350:(1389–1413), the seventh Muslim ruler in Kashmir were also significant to the area. The Sultan has been referred to as an
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242:
359:
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3389:
3176:
2993:
2243:
2216:
2015:
1931:
1604:
1577:
1532:
1499:
1278:
683:
of India. Some emigrated to other countries entirely. By 2011, only an estimated 2,700-3,400 Pandits remained in the
3481:
843: – worn by followers of fashion, and steel-soled shoes adorned with floral designs, lubricated internally with
3233:
3769:
3379:
2499:
5323:
4156:
680:
550:
250:
97:
4121:
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district, where Hindus constituted 2.1 per cent of the population; 12,919 Hindus out of 612,428 total. and the
574:
3136:
459:
273:, Hardy Cole's Archaeological Survey of India Report 'Illustrations of Ancient Buildings in Kashmir.' (1869)
4388:
4131:
2468:
620:
Panun Kashmir has made demands for a separate homeland for the community in the southern part of Kashmir.
1320::The mass exodus began on 1 March 1990, when about 250,000 of the 300,000 Kashmiri Pandits fled the State
583:
period of unauthorised occupation and in such a manner as may be determined by the District Magistrate."
535:
3280:
5318:
5032:
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4149:
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5313:
4801:
4591:
1620:
788:
539:
488:
254:
66:
2128:
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1827:(Reprinted (for SE Asia sale only) ed.). New York: Columbia University Press. pp. 70–71.
1401:
Sarkaria, Mallika Kaur (2009). "Powerful Pawns of the Kashmir Conflict: Kashmiri Pandit Migrants".
1069:
744:
kings from Iran. Lalitaditya's predecessor, Ranaditya, is said to have built the first sun temple.
606:
322:
2632:
1656:. Volume 4 of KECSS research series: Culture and heritage of Kashmir. APH Publishing. p. 90.
4796:
4507:
3590:"Raaj Kumar—Bollywood prince left the police force to live a king-sized life in his white shoes"
5287:
4481:
2806:
2287:
1104:
438:, lists Indian communities that constituted the middle class and were traditionally "Urban and
4041:
3881:
3316:
3028:
2861:
2767:
1469:"Survival is now our Politics: Kashmiri Hindu community identity and the Politics of Homeland"
5117:
5027:
3640:"Kunal Khemu On Being Kashmiri Pandit: "I did Feel like an OUTSIDER Every now and Then But…""
2956:
2679:
2233:
2206:
2176:
1921:
1522:
1114:
1086:
737:
672:
1567:
296:, around the third century BCE, and a consequence of this was that the traditional lines of
4284:
3562:
2741:
2716:
2656:
2644:
2151:"23 years on, Kashmiri Pandits remain refugees in their own nation - Rediff.com India News"
8:
5175:
4994:
4616:
4571:
2108:"25 years after exodus of Kashmiri Pandits from the Valley, questions over return remain"
1199:
1144:
660:
3956:(2008), "Kashmir, Kashmiris, Kashmiriyat: An Introductory Essay", in Rao, Aparna (ed.),
3151:
The But/Butt of Punjab were originally Brahmin migrants from Kashmir during 1878 famine.
1492:
Disappearing Peoples?: Indigenous Groups and Ethnic Minorities in South and Central Asia
5261:
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4882:
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4771:
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4438:
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3941:
3312:
1426:
1343:
1171:
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347:
283:
270:
4132:'God of Small Things,' Travelogue in The Indian Express, 5 March 2006, by Arjun Razdan
3558:
704:
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3996:
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3911:
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3385:
3322:
3286:
3172:
3034:
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2867:
2773:
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2518:
2239:
2212:
2179:. Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, US Department of State. 6 March 2007.
2011:
1927:
1900:
1855:
1828:
1801:
1771:
1744:
1714:
1684:
1657:
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1600:
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1528:
1495:
1430:
1418:
1382:
1347:
1311:
1274:
1098:
902:
653:
625:
150:
3910:, New Delhi: Sage Publications, in association with The Book Review Literary Trust,
3880:
2638:
1294:"Protection Aspects of Unhcr Activities on Behalf of Internally Displaced Persons".
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5213:
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1704:
1410:
1374:
1339:
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1204:
1074:
1014:
801:
in the Kashmiri language) which is one of the major festivals of Kashmiri Pandits.
297:
226:
205:
201:
109:
3924:
Evans, Alexander (2002). "A departure from history: Kashmiri Pandits, 1990-2001".
3666:
37:
5251:
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5077:
4892:
4857:
4839:
4829:
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2259:
Senate Joint Resolution 23, 75th OREGON LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY—2009 Regular Session
1894:
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1822:
1795:
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1738:
1708:
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1365:
Casimir, Michael J.; Lancaster, William; Rao, Aparna (1 June 1997). "Editorial".
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497:
238:
222:
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20:
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between 1989 and 2004 but none thereafter. The local organisation of pandits in
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of the Kashmir region was influenced by the influx of Buddhism from the time of
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4314:
4274:
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4204:
2899:
2334:"399 Pandits killed since 1990 KPSS Lastupdate:- Mon, 20 Jun 2011 18:30:00 GMT"
2311:"Kashmiri Pandits: Why we never fled Kashmir – Kashmir: The forgotten conflict"
1414:
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1053:
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918:
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Mapping The Great Game: Explorers, Spies & Maps in Nineteenth-century Asia
2603:"Forget Delimitation; Divide Kashmir; Grant Statehood to Jammu: IkkJutt Jammu"
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2807:"Kheer Bhawani Temple | District Ganderbal, Government of Jammu and Kashmir"
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5282:
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Languages of Belonging: Islam, Regional Identity, and the Making of Kashmir
1596:
A Long Dream of Home: The persecution, exile and exodus of Kashmiri Pandits
1156:
1110:
1092:
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439:
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A historically contested region, Northern India was subject to attack from
289:
230:
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3907:
The Challenge in Kashmir: Democracy, self-determination, and a just peace
2792:
2278:"Front Page : "219 Kashmiri Pandits killed by militants since 1989""
1878:
Witzel, Michael (2008). "The Brahmins of Kashmir". In Rao, Aparna (ed.).
1215:
1186:
1138:
1132:
1126:
528:
113:
4024:
Hindu Rulers, Muslim Subjects: Islam, Rights, and the History of Kashmir
3883:
Census of India, 1941, Volume XXII – Jammu and Kashmir, Parts I & II
399:
382:
370:
4698:
2562:
1938:...its main adherents came from those in government service, qualified
1175:
1150:
1120:
828:
351:
4380:
4098:
The Valley of Kashmir: The Making and Unmaking of a Composite Culture?
3958:
The Valley of Kashmir: The Making and Unmaking of a Composite Culture?
1880:
The Valley of Kashmir. The making and unmaking of a composite culture?
386:
Three Hindu priests writing religious texts – 1890s, Jammu and Kashmir
5246:
5137:
4776:
4738:
4723:
4517:
4172:
2282:
1710:
Kalhana's Rajatarangini: a chronicle of the kings of Kasmir, Volume 1
1162:
807:
or the Kashmiri lunar new year is also an important Pandit festival.
748:
singing is an integral part of Kashmiri Pandit religious ceremonies.
565:
announcing of Rs. 1,168-crore package in 2008 by the UPA government.
463:
455:
343:
246:
193:
121:
2331:
1680:
Kashmir and its people: studies in the evolution of Kashmiri society
1653:
Kashmir and its people: studies in the evolution of Kashmiri society
1569:
Kashmir and Its People: Studies in the Evolution of Kashmiri Society
5092:
4852:
4748:
4708:
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4199:
4194:
2843:"Hindu Muslim unity depicted at Mata Khirbhawani temple in Kashmir"
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1468:
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877:
776:
516:
466:
451:
375:
181:
141:
44:
4141:
3615:"Anupam Kher to work for Empowerment of Kashmiri Pandit Community"
2985:
Eat Not this Flesh: Food Avoidances from Prehistory to the Present
2829:"Valley divide impacts Kashmiri, pandit youth switch to devnagari"
2402:"When will we finally return home, ask displaced Kashmiri Pandits"
1955:"Searching for identity among Dalit middle class in Maharashtra".
1824:
Indian Esoteric Buddhism: A Social History of the Tantric Movement
1174:, traveller, diplomat, and author, and an important player in the
644:
Kashmiri couple getting married in a traditional ceremony at Jammu
5180:
5165:
4999:
4703:
4411:
4359:
4309:
4224:
3574:
1166:
991:
859:
flowers in their hair, if they had the financial means to do so.
844:
766:
760:
555:
117:
84:
3893:
Census of India, 1941, Volume XXII – Jammu and Kashmir, Part III
2863:
Emerging Voices: Experiences of Underrepresented Asian Americans
1974:
819:
A Kashmiri pandit woman, photograph by Fred Bremner, circa ~1900
756:
712:
5062:
4806:
4680:
4369:
4339:
4299:
4289:
4269:
4244:
4234:
4229:
4126:
4001:
A Concise History of Modern India (Cambridge Concise Histories)
3923:
3129:
2703:
2626:
1029:
1001:
981:
965:
960:
952:
947:
848:
803:
745:
740:. Sun worship is believed to have been brought into Kashmir by
720:
470:
447:
339:
293:
101:
4039:
3978:, Karachi and Oxford: Oxford University Press. Pp. xxvi, 392,
1990:
1899:(Reprinted ed.). Delhi: Aakar Books. pp. 87, 91–93.
1592:
5082:
4925:
4917:
4877:
4753:
4428:
4344:
4329:
4219:
4184:
4026:, Princeton University Press/Permanent Black. Pp. xii, 335.,
3138:
The Journal of the Anthropological Survey of India, Volume 52
3117:
2563:"Kashmiri pandit team to visit valley to negotiate for peace"
1713:(Reprinted ed.). Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 106–108.
1024:
507:
159:
2008:
Our Moon has Blood Clots: The Exodus of the Kashmiri Pandits
624:, a political party in Jammu and Kashmir, advocates for two
436:
Center for the Study of Developing Societies in India (CSDS)
5170:
5097:
4733:
4259:
4189:
2639:
Census of India, 1941, Volume XXII, Parts I & II (1943)
2032:
Kashmiri Pandits offered three choices by Radical Islamists
996:
934:
656:
district, where they were 7.84 per cent of the population.
3093:"A Demographic Profile of the People of Jammu and Kashmir"
3060:"A Demographic Profile of the People of Jammu and Kashmir"
2192:
State, Identity & Violence: Jammu, Kashmir, and Ladakh
1854:(Reprinted ed.). Delhi: Aakar Books. pp. 28–95.
1743:(Reprinted ed.). Delhi: Aakar Books. pp. 29–32.
4136:
1447:"30 years on, return to homeland eludes Kashmiri Pandits"
729:
3469:. Vol. One, 1889–1947. Jonathan Cape. p. 17.
2129:"BBC World Service | World Agenda - Give me land"
1800:(Reprinted ed.). Delhi: Aakar Books. p. 35.
1770:(Reprinted ed.). Delhi: Aakar Books. p. 34.
1524:
Conflict between India & Pakistan: An Encyclopedia
65:
300,000 to 600,000 (est. living in the Kashmir Valley
2376:"Only 1 Pandit family returned to Valley in 25 years"
2332:
GreaterKashmir.com (Greater Service) (20 June 2011).
2194:. Manohar Publishers & Distributors. p. 232.
1265:. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. pp. 397–414.
601:
Revocation of the special status of Jammu and Kashmir
177:
3745:"Raina is a very caring husband, says wife Priyanka"
3404:
Mushran, Sharga, Handoo, Gurtu, Kitchlu, and Ganjoo.
2981:
2793:"Gangbal yatra to commence after 100 yrs in Kashmir"
523:
Some Hindus across India tried to help the Pandits.
3865:
I come from a conservative Kashmiri Pandit family..
2663:
Census of India, 1941, Volume XXII, Part III (1943)
2651:
Census of India, 1941, Volume XXII, Part III (1943)
1364:
3046:the Hindu society of India on the religious plane.
1626:Culture and political history of Kashmir, Volume 1
1593:Siddhartha Gigoo, Varad Sharma (18 October 2016).
482:
3960:, Delhi: Manohar. Pp. xviii, 758, pp. 1–36,
2826:
847:. They also wear the mekhalā, which is a type of
5305:
3235:Proceedings - Indian History Congress, Volume 63
3161:
3159:
1629:. M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd. pp. 191–192.
1490:Brower, Barbara; Johnston, Barbara Rose (2016).
586:
3976:Kashmir: Ethnic Conflict, International Dispute
1732:
1730:
609:or AIKS, All India Kashmiri Pandit conference,
4127:Panun Kashmir: A Homeland for Kashmiri Pandits
3991:
3422:
3203:
3123:
3014:
2988:. University of Wisconsin Press. p. 284.
2898:
2189:
2121:
2051:
1919:
1489:
1107:, ninth Chief of the Army Staff of Indian Army
914:Some prominent Kashmiri Pandit krams include:
4396:
4157:
3692:"1st global Kashmiri Pandit Youth meet today"
3156:
2010:. Vintage Books / Random House. p. 255.
1553:"Kashmiri Pandits: Why we never fled Kashmir"
446:from Gujarat; the South Indian Brahmins; the
257:of the 1990s. Even so, small numbers remain.
3719:"I have faith in my performance: Manav Kaul"
3506:Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru: a political biography
3307:
3305:
3238:. Indian History Congress. 2003. p. 867
2772:, M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd., p. 204,
2231:
1727:
16:Hindu community native to the Kashmir Valley
3556:
3502:
3473:
3373:
3371:
3369:
3367:
3365:
3285:. Asian Educational Services. p. 304.
3274:
3272:
3270:
3268:
3266:
3264:
3262:
3260:
3258:
3256:
2827:indianexpress.com, Srinagar (8 June 2009).
2357:"The tragedy of Kashmiri Pandits (Part IV)"
1789:
1787:
1059:
664:the threat of economic and social decline.
4403:
4389:
4164:
4150:
4069:Kashmir: roots of conflict, paths to peace
3799:. Oxford: Casemate (UK). pp. 41, 57.
3363:
3361:
3359:
3357:
3355:
3353:
3351:
3349:
3347:
3345:
2759:
2673:
2671:
1221:List of Jammu and Kashmir related articles
635:
597:Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019
501:An artpiece of three Kashmiri Pandit women
3454:. Oxford University Press. p. 38-40.
3423:Thomas-Symonds, Nicklaus (30 July 2010).
3311:
3302:
3090:
3057:
2954:
2894:
2892:
2866:. Rutgers University Press. p. 135.
2374:Choudhary, Amit Anand (1 November 2015).
2373:
2204:
2005:
1986:
1984:
1466:
1101:, freedom fighter, lawyer, and politician
568:
253:in the valley, large numbers left in the
3716:
3418:
3416:
3414:
3412:
3278:
3253:
2769:Culture and Political History of Kashmir
2034:, India Defence Review, 19 January 2015.
2001:
1999:
1820:
1814:
1784:
1546:
1544:
1400:
814:
755:
719:
711:
703:
639:
496:
462:) from Maharashtra; the Probasi and the
381:
369:
264:
4410:
3377:
3342:
3030:Kashmiri Pandits: Looking to the Future
2958:Kashmiri Pandits: Looking to the Future
2948:
2677:
2668:
2143:
2087:
793:The Kashmiri Pandits festivals include
434:D.L. Sheth, the former director of the
229:community of India. They belong to the
5306:
4095:
3742:
3587:
3532:"Kashmiri Pandit soldiers to the fore"
3429:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 182.
3228:
3226:
3224:
3222:
3220:
3218:
3216:
3214:
3212:
3010:
3008:
2889:
2765:
2704:Evans, A departure from history (2002)
2627:Evans, A departure from history (2002)
2523:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
2183:
1981:
1877:
1619:
1473:International Journal of Hindu Studies
1467:Duchinsky, Haley (26 September 2013).
694:
542:by terrorists seeking to establish an
4384:
4145:
4137:Kashmiri Pandit association of Europe
4085:
3973:
3952:
3479:
3464:
3449:
3409:
3378:Agrawal, Premendra (20 August 2014).
3199:
3197:
3195:
2539:"The Jammu Jammu And Kashmir Gazette"
2399:
2354:
2308:
2075:
2063:
1996:
1892:
1873:
1871:
1847:
1793:
1763:
1736:
1703:
1541:
1260:
4100:. Delhi: Manohar. pp. 235–258.
4066:
3903:
3794:
3664:
3084:
3051:
2961:. APH Publishing. pp. 113–115.
2938:"Henzae: A Folk Genre Viewed Afresh"
2859:
2742:"Rehabilitation of Kashmiri Pandits"
2235:The Ugly Kashmiri: (Cameos in exile)
2169:
2043:
1963:. Indian Social Institute: 72. 2000.
1586:
1550:
1520:
1516:
1514:
1329:
699:
394:
358:Butshikan's heir, the devout Muslim
74:Regions with significant populations
4171:
4021:
3899:, The Ranbir Government Press, 1943
3886:, The Ranbir Government Press, 1943
3788:
3743:Mishra, Itishree (31 August 2015).
3717:Tarannum, Asira (31 January 2016).
3384:. Commercial Services. p. 86.
3321:. I.B. Tauris & Co. p. 4.
3279:Lawrence, Sir Walter Roper (2005).
3209:
3026:
3005:
2681:Understanding Kashmir and Kashmiris
2469:"Recommendations of Koul Committee"
2047:
1991:Zutshi, Languages of Belonging 2004
1676:
1649:
1565:
1527:. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 99.
1403:Asian and Pacific Migration Journal
751:
708:Divine Colours of the Divine Spring
333:
13:
5334:Social groups of Jammu and Kashmir
4086:Shade, Chinar (19 November 2013),
4060:
3588:Taneja, Nidhima (8 October 2022).
3480:Singh, Kuldeep (2 December 1998).
3452:The Nehrus: Motilal and Jawaharlal
3192:
3091:Bhasin, M.K.; Nag, Shampa (2002).
3058:Bhasin, M.K.; Nag, Shampa (2002).
2581:"Pandits to float Political Party"
1868:
1344:10.1111/j.1748-0922.2011.01544_1.x
14:
5350:
4115:
4046:, C. Hurst & Co. Publishers,
2400:Yasir, Sameer (19 January 2016).
1511:
1165:, founder and first secretary of
365:
4453:
4447:
3841:
3813:
3762:
3736:
3710:
3684:
3617:. Hindustan Times. 11 April 2009
2587:. 2 January 2007. Archived from
2355:Masih, Archana (29 April 2011).
1083:, former Prime Minister of India
1077:, former Prime Minister of India
728:Kashmir has also been a land of
477:
398:
378:, with Pandits in the foreground
277:
176:
36:
3874:
3665:Shah, Shreya (18 August 2013).
3658:
3632:
3607:
3581:
3550:
3524:
3496:
3458:
3443:
3381:Accursed & Jihadi Neighbour
3033:. APH Publishing. p. 223.
3020:
2975:
2930:
2921:
2880:
2853:
2835:
2820:
2799:
2785:
2734:
2709:
2595:
2573:
2555:
2531:
2485:
2461:
2440:
2419:
2393:
2367:
2348:
2325:
2302:
2286:. 24 March 2010. Archived from
2270:
2252:
2225:
2198:
2100:
2081:
2069:
2057:
2037:
2024:
1967:
1948:
1913:
1886:
1841:
1757:
1697:
1670:
1643:
1613:
1559:
1444:
1263:The Changing World Religion Map
1233:
551:Government of Jammu and Kashmir
483:Exodus from Kashmir (1989–1995)
390:
4122:Kashmir Hindu Foundation (KHF)
3557:@sanjivbhatt (14 April 2018).
1683:. APH Publishing. p. 91.
1483:
1460:
1438:
1394:
1358:
1323:
1287:
1254:
575:Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front
460:Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhus
1:
3627:as a member of the community
3467:Jawaharlal Nehru: A Biography
2982:Frederick J. Simoons (1994).
2678:Snedden, Christopher (2015),
2609:. 9 June 2021. Archived from
2088:Noorani, A.G. (9 July 2016).
1926:. Penguin Books. p. 28.
1923:The Great Indian Middle class
1821:Davidson, Ronald M. (2004) .
1551:Essa, Assad (2 August 2011).
1247:
732:worship with shrines such as
587:Socio-political organisations
245:. Kashmiri Pandits are Hindu
48:
4071:. Harvard University Press.
4040:Zutshi, Chitralekha (2004),
1271:10.1007/978-94-017-9376-6_20
1117:officer of the Gujarat-cadre
905:and are known by the exonym
884:
782:
237:, located within the Indian
7:
3938:10.1080/0958493022000000341
3849:"'Standing up' for Kashmir"
3069:. Kamla-Raj Enterprises: 15
2684:, Oxford University Press,
1193:
536:Oregon Legislative Assembly
317:describes this collapse as
10:
5355:
5033:Chitrapur Saraswat Brahmin
4445:
4005:Cambridge University Press
4003:, Cambridge and New York:
3465:Gopal, Sarvepalli (1975).
3426:Attlee: A Life in Politics
3204:Brower & Johnston 2016
3124:Brower & Johnston 2016
3015:Brower & Johnston 2016
2052:Metcalf & Metcalf 2006
1621:Bamzai, Prithivi Nath Kaul
1415:10.1177/011719680901800202
1379:10.3167/082279497782384668
1189:, Indian stand-up comedian
810:
786:
590:
572:
486:
338:Zulju, who was probably a
281:
260:
18:
5270:
5242:Sakalpuri Havyaka Brahmin
5222:
5189:
5146:
5013:
4982:
4939:
4916:
4838:
4820:
4802:Kudaldeshkar Gaud Brahmin
4762:
4689:
4656:
4640:
4592:Hoysala Karnataka Brahmin
4562:
4541:
4495:
4462:
4419:
4180:
2904:"THE BRAHMINS OF KASHMIR"
2766:Bamzai, P. N. K. (1994),
2006:K Pandita, Rahul (2013).
1896:Kashmir Under the Sultans
1893:Hasan, Mohibbul (2005) .
1851:Kashmir Under the Sultans
1848:Hasan, Mohibbul (2005) .
1797:Kashmir Under the Sultans
1794:Hasan, Mohibbul (2005) .
1767:Kashmir Under the Sultans
1764:Hasan, Mohibbul (2005) .
1740:Kashmir Under the Sultans
1737:Hasan, Mohibbul (2005) .
1599:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
1479:(1). academia.edu: 41–64.
1095:, bureaucrat and diplomat
1089:, politician and diplomat
789:Kashmiri Pandit Festivals
489:Exodus of Kashmiri Hindus
429:
225:and a part of the larger
192:
187:
175:
170:
136:
131:
78:
73:
64:
59:
35:
5038:Rajapur Saraswat Brahmin
4812:Rajapur Saraswat Brahmin
3168:Explore Kashmiri Pandits
3100:Journal of Human Ecology
3067:Journal of Human Ecology
1332:Religious Studies Review
1296:Refugee Survey Quarterly
1226:
1070:Indian National Congress
1060:Notable Kashmiri Pandits
957:Mantu (or Mantoo/Mintoo)
893:
862:
823:
607:All India Kashmiri Samaj
374:1872 painting depicting
4676:Shivalli Madhva Brahmin
4089:Sun Worship and Kashmir
4067:Bose, Sumantra (2005).
3926:Contemporary South Asia
3904:Bose, Sumantra (1997),
3484:. www.independent.co.uk
3482:"Obituary: P.N. Haksar"
3171:. Dharma Publications.
2795:. Zeenews. 31 May 2009.
2190:Navnita Behera (2000).
1920:Pavan K. Varma (2007).
1068:, lawyer and leader of
870:
716:Ruins of Martand temple
681:National Capital Region
636:Population distribution
98:National Capital Region
5324:Ethnic groups in India
5288:Roman Catholic Brahmin
5023:Saraswat Kundiya Samaj
3853:The New Indian Express
1882:. Manohar. p. 37.
1308:10.1093/rsq/14.1-2.176
1302:(1–2): 176–191. 1995.
1105:Tapishwar Narain Raina
820:
763:
725:
717:
709:
645:
628:in Kashmir, one being
569:PRC and the JKMIP Acts
502:
407:This section is empty.
387:
379:
327:
274:
5118:Sidhra-Rudhra Brahmin
5028:Gaud Saraswat Brahmin
3974:Malik, Iffat (2005),
3282:The Valley of Kashmir
2860:Ling, Huping (2008).
2238:. Allied Publishers.
2232:Arvind Gigoo (2000).
1115:Indian Police Service
1087:Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit
818:
759:
738:Lalitaditya Muktapida
723:
715:
707:
679:of the State and the
643:
632:for Kashmiri Hindus.
500:
454:from northern India;
385:
373:
319:
268:
188:Related ethnic groups
19:Further information:
3770:"R N Kao remembered"
3559:"985204040500957185"
3503:Mohan Kumar (1981).
3450:Nanda, B.R. (1963).
2336:. Greaterkashmir.com
2313:. Al Jazeera English
1572:. APH. p. 183.
1521:Lyon, Peter (2008).
1183:, trade union leader
231:Pancha Gauda Brahmin
43:Kashmiri Pandits in
5176:Kanyakumari Brahmin
4617:Panchagrama Brahmin
4572:Babburkamme Brahmin
4022:Rai, Mridu (2004),
4007:. Pp. xxxiii, 372,
3795:Dean, Riaz (2019).
3318:Kashmir in conflict
3313:Schofield, Victoria
3027:Kaw, M. K. (2001).
2607:The Northern Herald
2585:The Hindustan Times
2264:15 May 2013 at the
2090:"Kashmir's Pandits"
1677:Kaw, M. K. (2004).
1650:Kaw, M. K. (2004).
1566:Kaw, M. K. (2004).
1200:Buddhism in Kashmir
1145:Rajendranath Zutshi
695:Society and culture
661:Christopher Snedden
32:
5262:Koteshwara Brahmin
5204:Mulukanadu Brahmin
5113:Saryuparin Brahmin
4883:Kanyakubja Brahmin
4863:Kanyakubja Brahmin
4612:Koteshwara Brahmin
4577:Badaganadu Brahmin
4523:Kanyakubja Brahmin
4477:Kanyakubja Brahmin
4439:Kanyakubja Brahmin
3997:Metcalf, Thomas R.
3749:The Times of India
3696:The Indian Express
3538:. 12 February 2013
3141:. The Survey. 2003
2955:M. K. Kaw (2001).
2902:(September 1991).
2591:on 5 October 2013.
2567:The Indian Express
2380:The Times of India
2205:Ajit Chak (2000).
1159:, Indian cricketer
821:
764:
734:Martand Sun Temple
726:
718:
710:
646:
503:
388:
380:
348:Sikandar Butshikan
284:History of Kashmir
275:
271:Martand Sun Temple
269:Photograph of the
30:
5319:Kashmiri Brahmins
5301:
5300:
5015:Saraswat Brahmins
4873:Golapurab Brahmin
4782:Deshastha Brahmin
4777:Daivadnya Brahmin
4772:Chitpavan Brahmin
4691:Malayali Brahmins
4666:Deshastha Brahmin
4641:Kashmiri Brahmins
4602:Karnataka Brahmin
4597:Kandavara Brahmin
4542:Garhwali Brahmins
4421:Assamese Brahmins
4378:
4377:
4107:978-81-7304-751-0
4078:978-0-674-01817-4
4053:978-1-85065-700-2
3967:978-81-7304-751-0
3917:978-0-8039-9350-1
3855:. 23 January 2020
3806:978-1-61200-814-1
3776:. 20 January 2022
3644:Bollywood Hungama
3509:. Vipul Prakashan
3436:978-0-85771-066-6
3292:978-81-206-1630-1
3040:978-81-7648-236-3
2968:978-81-7648-236-3
2873:978-0-8135-4342-0
2779:978-81-85880-31-0
2706:, pp. 24–25.
2691:978-1-84904-342-7
2157:. 19 January 2012
2030:Tej Kumar Tikoo,
1906:978-81-87879-49-7
1861:978-81-87879-49-7
1834:978-81-208-1991-7
1807:978-81-87879-49-7
1777:978-81-87879-49-7
1750:978-81-87879-49-7
1720:978-81-208-0369-5
1705:Stein, Mark Aurel
1690:978-81-7648-537-1
1663:978-81-7648-537-1
1636:978-81-85880-31-0
1099:Tej Bahadur Sapru
1034:Magre (or Magray)
903:Saraswat Brahmins
775:temple shrine in
772:Mata Kheerbhawani
700:Religious beliefs
626:Union Territories
540:Jammu and Kashmir
427:
426:
251:Islamic militancy
243:Jammu and Kashmir
221:) are a group of
219:Kashmiri Brahmins
211:
210:
206:Saraswat Brahmins
89:Other communities
5346:
5314:Kashmiri Pandits
5232:Sthanika Brahmin
5214:Vaidiki Velanadu
5133:Brahmin Swarnkar
5128:Shrimali Brahmin
5088:Hussaini Brahmin
5068:Audichya Brahmin
5058:Sanadhya Brahmin
5053:Dadheech Brahmin
4964:Hussaini Brahmin
4941:Punjabi Brahmins
4931:Saraswat Brahmin
4908:Sanadhya Brahmin
4903:Naramdev Brahmin
4822:Manipuri Brahmin
4787:Devrukhe Brahmin
4764:Marathi Brahmins
4744:Pushpaka Brahmin
4671:Shivalli Brahmin
4648:Kashmiri Pandits
4627:Shivalli Brahmin
4622:Sankethi Brahmin
4564:Kannada Brahmins
4464:Bengali Brahmins
4457:
4451:
4405:
4398:
4391:
4382:
4381:
4166:
4159:
4152:
4143:
4142:
4111:
4092:
4082:
4056:
4036:
4017:
3993:Metcalf, Barbara
3988:
3970:
3949:
3920:
3900:
3898:
3887:
3868:
3867:
3862:
3860:
3845:
3839:
3838:
3836:
3834:
3817:
3811:
3810:
3792:
3786:
3785:
3783:
3781:
3766:
3760:
3759:
3757:
3755:
3740:
3734:
3733:
3731:
3729:
3723:Deccan Chronicle
3714:
3708:
3707:
3705:
3703:
3698:. 7 January 2012
3688:
3682:
3681:
3679:
3677:
3662:
3656:
3655:
3653:
3651:
3636:
3630:
3629:
3624:
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2850:
2847:Biharprabha News
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2624:
2615:
2614:
2613:on 10 July 2021.
2599:
2593:
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2552:
2550:
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2543:
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2529:
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2522:
2514:
2512:
2510:
2504:
2498:. Archived from
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2290:on 25 March 2010
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1555:. aljazeera.com.
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1356:
1355:
1327:
1321:
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1291:
1285:
1284:
1258:
1241:
1237:
1205:Kashmir Shaivism
1172:Mohan Lal Zutshi
1075:Jawaharlal Nehru
752:Pilgrimage sites
422:
419:
409:You can help by
402:
395:
334:Medieval history
227:Saraswat Brahmin
215:Kashmiri Pandits
202:Kashmiri Muslims
180:
138:Sacred languages
110:Himachal Pradesh
60:Total population
54:
53:
50:
40:
33:
31:Kashmiri Pandits
29:
5354:
5353:
5349:
5348:
5347:
5345:
5344:
5343:
5339:Kashmiri Hindus
5329:Kashmiri tribes
5304:
5303:
5302:
5297:
5266:
5252:Karhade Brahmin
5237:Havyaka Brahmin
5218:
5199:Dravida Brahmin
5185:
5142:
5123:Sompura Brahmin
5078:Girnara Brahmin
5009:
4978:
4935:
4918:Nepali Brahmins
4912:
4893:Malviya Brahmin
4858:Gayawal Brahmin
4840:Maithil Brahmin
4834:
4830:Kamrupi Brahmin
4816:
4797:Konkani Brahmin
4792:Karhade Brahmin
4758:
4685:
4658:Madhva Brahmins
4652:
4636:
4582:Havyaka Brahmin
4558:
4549:Gangari Brahmin
4537:
4528:Maithil Brahmin
4513:Gayawal Brahmin
4508:Bairagi Brahmin
4496:Bihari Brahmins
4491:
4458:
4443:
4434:Kamrupi Brahmin
4415:
4409:
4379:
4374:
4176:
4170:
4118:
4108:
4079:
4063:
4061:Further reading
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3536:Hindustan Times
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2931:
2927:Kaw, pp. 95–97.
2926:
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2912:
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2906:
2897:
2890:
2886:Kaw, pp. 94–95.
2885:
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2515:
2508:
2506:
2505:on 23 July 2011
2502:
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2493:"Archived copy"
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2448:"Untitled Page"
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2266:Wayback Machine
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1367:Nomadic Peoples
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1255:
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899:Kashmiri Hindus
896:
887:
873:
865:
826:
813:
791:
785:
754:
736:established by
702:
697:
673:1989 insurgency
638:
615:Kashmiri Samiti
603:
589:
577:
571:
491:
485:
480:
448:Punjabi Khatris
432:
423:
417:
414:
393:
368:
336:
286:
280:
263:
239:union territory
233:group from the
223:Kashmiri Hindus
217:(also known as
198:Kashmiri Hindus
158:
156:Other languages
153:
149:
147:Ethnic language
144:
140:
92:
87:
83:
55:
51:
42:
28:
23:
21:Kashmiri Hindus
17:
12:
11:
5:
5352:
5342:
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5336:
5331:
5326:
5321:
5316:
5299:
5298:
5296:
5295:
5290:
5285:
5280:
5278:Pancha-Dravida
5274:
5272:
5268:
5267:
5265:
5264:
5259:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5234:
5228:
5226:
5224:Tuluva Brahmin
5220:
5219:
5217:
5216:
5211:
5209:Niyogi Brahmin
5206:
5201:
5195:
5193:
5191:Telugu Brahmin
5187:
5186:
5184:
5183:
5178:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5161:Hebbar Iyengar
5158:
5152:
5150:
5148:Tamil Brahmins
5144:
5143:
5141:
5140:
5135:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5115:
5110:
5105:
5103:Mohyal Brahmin
5100:
5095:
5090:
5085:
5080:
5075:
5073:Bardai Brahmin
5070:
5065:
5063:Anavil Brahmin
5060:
5055:
5050:
5045:
5040:
5035:
5030:
5025:
5019:
5017:
5011:
5010:
5008:
5007:
5005:Utkala Brahmin
5002:
4997:
4992:
4986:
4984:
4980:
4979:
4977:
4976:
4974:Mohyal Brahmin
4971:
4966:
4961:
4959:Gautam Brahmin
4956:
4951:
4945:
4943:
4937:
4936:
4934:
4933:
4928:
4926:Jaishi Brahmin
4922:
4920:
4914:
4913:
4911:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4890:
4885:
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4875:
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4868:Gautam Brahmin
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4660:
4654:
4653:
4651:
4650:
4644:
4642:
4638:
4637:
4635:
4634:
4632:Smarta Brahmin
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4587:Hebbar Iyengar
4584:
4579:
4574:
4568:
4566:
4560:
4559:
4557:
4556:
4554:Sarola Brahmin
4551:
4545:
4543:
4539:
4538:
4536:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4499:
4497:
4493:
4492:
4490:
4489:
4487:Utkala Brahmin
4484:
4479:
4474:
4468:
4466:
4460:
4459:
4446:
4444:
4442:
4441:
4436:
4431:
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4407:
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4393:
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4117:
4116:External links
4114:
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3128:
3126:, p. 130.
3116:
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3019:
3004:
2994:
2974:
2967:
2947:
2942:www.koausa.org
2929:
2920:
2900:Michael Witzel
2888:
2879:
2872:
2852:
2849:. 29 May 2012.
2834:
2819:
2798:
2784:
2778:
2758:
2733:
2708:
2696:
2690:
2667:
2665:, p. 345.
2655:
2653:, p. 271.
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2572:
2569:. 16 May 2000.
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2046:, p. 71,
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2016:
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1409:(2): 197–230.
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685:Kashmir Valley
677:Jammu Division
671:Following the
637:
634:
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585:
570:
567:
487:Main article:
484:
481:
479:
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444:Nagar Brahmins
431:
428:
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424:
405:
403:
392:
389:
367:
366:Modern history
364:
360:Zain-ul-Abidin
335:
332:
315:Mohibbul Hasan
311:Lohara dynasty
279:
276:
262:
259:
235:Kashmir Valley
209:
208:
190:
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185:
184:
173:
172:
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134:
133:
129:
128:
76:
75:
71:
70:
62:
61:
57:
56:
52: 1895 CE
41:
26:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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5227:
5225:
5221:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
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5192:
5188:
5182:
5179:
5177:
5174:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5156:Ashtasahasram
5154:
5153:
5151:
5149:
5145:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5108:Nagar Brahmin
5106:
5104:
5101:
5099:
5096:
5094:
5091:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
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5021:
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5018:
5016:
5012:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4987:
4985:
4983:Odia Brahmins
4981:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
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4927:
4924:
4923:
4921:
4919:
4915:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4898:Nagar Brahmin
4896:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4848:Aboti Brahmin
4846:
4845:
4843:
4841:
4837:
4831:
4828:
4827:
4825:
4823:
4819:
4813:
4810:
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4803:
4800:
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4778:
4775:
4773:
4770:
4769:
4767:
4765:
4761:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4749:Pushpaka Unni
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4696:
4694:
4692:
4688:
4682:
4679:
4677:
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4664:
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4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4500:
4498:
4494:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4482:Kulin Brahmin
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4469:
4467:
4465:
4461:
4456:
4450:
4440:
4437:
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4427:
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4422:
4418:
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4406:
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4138:
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4119:
4109:
4103:
4099:
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4090:
4084:
4080:
4074:
4070:
4065:
4064:
4055:
4049:
4045:
4044:
4038:
4035:
4033:81-7824-202-8
4029:
4025:
4020:
4016:
4014:0-521-68225-8
4010:
4006:
4002:
3998:
3994:
3990:
3987:
3985:0-19-579622-5
3981:
3977:
3972:
3969:
3963:
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3885:
3884:
3879:
3878:
3866:
3854:
3850:
3844:
3829:. 2 July 2023
3828:
3827:
3826:Punjab Kesari
3822:
3816:
3808:
3802:
3798:
3791:
3775:
3771:
3765:
3750:
3746:
3739:
3724:
3720:
3713:
3697:
3693:
3687:
3672:
3668:
3661:
3646:. 13 May 2019
3645:
3641:
3635:
3628:
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3610:
3595:
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3576:
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3405:
3393:
3391:9788193051207
3387:
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3205:
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3180:
3178:9780963479860
3174:
3170:
3169:
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3125:
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3101:
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3036:
3032:
3031:
3023:
3016:
3011:
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3001:
2997:
2995:9780299142506
2991:
2987:
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2970:
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2775:
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2762:
2747:
2743:
2737:
2722:
2718:
2712:
2705:
2700:
2693:
2687:
2683:
2682:
2674:
2672:
2664:
2659:
2652:
2647:
2641:, p. 11.
2640:
2635:
2629:, p. 24.
2628:
2623:
2621:
2612:
2608:
2604:
2598:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2576:
2568:
2564:
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2273:
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2260:
2255:
2247:
2245:9798184240367
2241:
2237:
2236:
2228:
2220:
2218:9781482844351
2214:
2211:. Partridge.
2210:
2209:
2208:Kashmir storm
2201:
2193:
2186:
2178:
2172:
2156:
2152:
2146:
2130:
2124:
2109:
2103:
2095:
2091:
2084:
2077:
2072:
2066:, p. 318
2065:
2060:
2054:, p. 274
2053:
2049:
2045:
2040:
2033:
2027:
2019:
2017:9788184000870
2013:
2009:
2002:
2000:
1992:
1987:
1985:
1976:
1970:
1962:
1958:
1957:Social Action
1951:
1944:
1941:
1940:professionals
1935:
1933:9780143103257
1929:
1925:
1924:
1916:
1908:
1902:
1898:
1897:
1889:
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1608:
1606:9789386250254
1602:
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1579:9788176485371
1575:
1571:
1570:
1562:
1554:
1547:
1545:
1536:
1534:9781576077122
1530:
1526:
1525:
1517:
1515:
1507:
1503:
1501:9781315430393
1497:
1494:. Routledge.
1493:
1486:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1463:
1448:
1441:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
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1397:
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1309:
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1301:
1297:
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1280:9789401793759
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1257:
1253:
1236:
1232:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1211:Dardic people
1209:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1197:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1164:
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1155:
1152:
1149:
1146:
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1140:
1137:
1134:
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1128:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1081:Indira Gandhi
1079:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1067:
1066:Motilal Nehru
1064:
1063:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
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1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
977:
975:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
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926:
923:
920:
917:
916:
915:
912:
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904:
900:
891:
882:
880:
879:
868:
860:
857:
852:
850:
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
817:
808:
806:
805:
800:
796:
790:
780:
778:
774:
773:
768:
762:
761:Mount Harmukh
758:
749:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
722:
714:
706:
692:
688:
686:
682:
678:
674:
669:
665:
662:
657:
655:
651:
642:
633:
631:
630:Panun Kashmir
627:
623:
622:Ikkjutt Jammu
618:
616:
612:
611:Panun Kashmir
608:
602:
598:
594:
593:Panun Kashmir
584:
580:
576:
566:
562:
559:
557:
552:
549:In 2010, the
547:
545:
544:Islamic state
541:
537:
532:
530:
526:
525:Bal Thackeray
521:
518:
512:
509:
499:
495:
490:
478:Recent events
475:
472:
468:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
421:
412:
408:
404:
401:
397:
396:
384:
377:
372:
363:
361:
356:
353:
349:
345:
341:
331:
326:
324:
318:
316:
312:
307:
302:
299:
295:
291:
285:
278:Early history
272:
267:
258:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
186:
183:
179:
174:
169:
165:
161:
157:
154:
152:
148:
143:
139:
135:
130:
127:
126:Indian Punjab
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
106:Uttar Pradesh
103:
99:
95:
90:
86:
81:
77:
72:
68:
67:prior to 1990
63:
58:
46:
39:
34:
25:
22:
5293:Sikh Brahmin
5283:Pancha-Gauda
5257:Kota Brahmin
5048:Bias Brahmin
5043:Gaur Brahmin
4995:Rath Brahmin
4990:Bias Brahmin
4969:Maga Brahmin
4954:Gaur Brahmin
4949:Bias Brahmin
4888:Maga Brahmin
4647:
4607:Kota Brahmin
4533:Maga Brahmin
4472:Gaur Brahmin
4097:
4088:
4068:
4042:
4023:
4000:
3975:
3957:
3954:Madan, T. N.
3932:(1): 19–37.
3929:
3925:
3906:
3892:
3882:
3875:Bibliography
3864:
3857:. Retrieved
3852:
3843:
3831:. Retrieved
3824:
3815:
3796:
3790:
3778:. Retrieved
3773:
3764:
3752:. Retrieved
3748:
3738:
3726:. Retrieved
3722:
3712:
3700:. Retrieved
3695:
3686:
3674:. Retrieved
3670:
3667:"Oh My God!"
3660:
3648:. Retrieved
3643:
3634:
3626:
3619:. Retrieved
3609:
3597:. Retrieved
3593:
3583:
3573:– via
3567:. Retrieved
3552:
3540:. Retrieved
3535:
3526:
3518:
3511:. Retrieved
3505:
3498:
3486:. Retrieved
3475:
3466:
3460:
3451:
3445:
3425:
3402:
3395:. Retrieved
3380:
3332:. Retrieved
3317:
3296:
3281:
3247:
3240:. Retrieved
3234:
3182:. Retrieved
3167:
3150:
3143:. Retrieved
3137:
3131:
3119:
3111:
3104:. Retrieved
3099:
3086:
3078:
3071:. Retrieved
3066:
3053:
3044:
3029:
3022:
2999:
2984:
2977:
2957:
2950:
2941:
2932:
2923:
2911:. Retrieved
2909:. p. 44
2882:
2862:
2855:
2846:
2837:
2822:
2810:. Retrieved
2801:
2787:
2768:
2761:
2749:. Retrieved
2745:
2736:
2724:. Retrieved
2720:
2711:
2699:
2680:
2658:
2646:
2634:
2611:the original
2606:
2597:
2589:the original
2584:
2575:
2566:
2557:
2545:. Retrieved
2533:
2507:. Retrieved
2500:the original
2487:
2475:. Retrieved
2463:
2451:. Retrieved
2442:
2430:. Retrieved
2421:
2409:. Retrieved
2405:
2395:
2383:. Retrieved
2379:
2369:
2360:
2350:
2338:. Retrieved
2327:
2315:. Retrieved
2304:
2292:. Retrieved
2288:the original
2281:
2272:
2254:
2234:
2227:
2207:
2200:
2191:
2185:
2171:
2159:. Retrieved
2154:
2145:
2133:. Retrieved
2123:
2111:. Retrieved
2102:
2093:
2083:
2078:, p. 25
2071:
2059:
2039:
2026:
2007:
1975:"D.L. Sheth"
1969:
1960:
1956:
1950:
1939:
1937:
1922:
1915:
1895:
1888:
1879:
1850:
1843:
1823:
1816:
1796:
1766:
1759:
1739:
1709:
1699:
1679:
1672:
1652:
1645:
1625:
1615:
1595:
1588:
1568:
1561:
1523:
1505:
1491:
1485:
1476:
1472:
1462:
1450:. Retrieved
1440:
1406:
1402:
1396:
1370:
1366:
1360:
1335:
1331:
1325:
1299:
1295:
1289:
1262:
1256:
1235:
1157:Suresh Raina
1111:Sanjiv Bhatt
1093:P. N. Haksar
913:
906:
897:
888:
876:
874:
866:
855:
853:
840:
836:
832:
827:
802:
798:
792:
770:
765:
727:
724:Sharda Peeth
689:
670:
666:
658:
647:
619:
614:
610:
604:
581:
578:
563:
560:
548:
534:In 2009 the
533:
522:
513:
504:
492:
440:professional
433:
415:
411:adding to it
406:
391:Early modern
357:
337:
328:
320:
303:
290:caste system
287:
218:
214:
212:
155:
146:
145:
137:
88:
80:Historically
79:
27:Ethnic group
24:
4714:Kerala Iyer
4414:communities
3242:30 December
2411:11 February
2385:11 February
2309:Azad Essa.
2131:. Bbc.co.uk
1216:Hari Parbat
1187:Samay Raina
1139:Mohit Raina
1133:Kunal Khemu
1127:Anupam Kher
841:mayuropanah
837:shirahshata
529:Maharashtra
114:Uttarakhand
5308:Categories
4699:Ambalavasi
3328:1860648983
3184:2 December
3145:2 December
2913:25 January
2746:pib.nic.in
2721:pib.nic.in
2361:Rediff.com
2155:Rediff.com
2113:27 January
2076:Madan 2008
2064:Malik 2005
1373:(1): 3–4.
1338:(3): 236.
1248:References
1207:philosophy
1176:Great Game
1151:Manav Kaul
1121:Raaj Kumar
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787:See also:
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418:March 2020
352:iconoclast
288:The Hindu
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5138:Yajurvedi
4739:Nambudiri
4724:Nambeesan
4518:Jaitharia
3946:145573161
3859:2 October
3542:9 January
3106:1 January
3073:1 January
2406:Firstpost
2283:The Hindu
2044:Bose 1997
1707:(1989) .
1431:145137184
1423:0117-1968
1387:0822-7942
1352:0319-485X
1316:1020-4067
1163:R. N. Kao
885:Subcastes
795:Shivratri
783:Festivals
650:Baramulla
464:Bhadralok
452:Kayasthas
344:Turkistan
247:Kashmiris
194:Kashmiris
166:, English
132:Languages
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5271:See also
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4503:Bhumihar
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3315:(2003).
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2135:28 March
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1623:(1994).
1452:19 April
1194:See also
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659:Scholar
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467:Bengalis
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182:Hinduism
171:Religion
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142:Sanskrit
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5181:Rigvedi
5166:Iyengar
5000:Samvedi
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4412:Brahmin
4360:Wanchoo
4310:Parimoo
4225:Fotedar
3575:Twitter
3488:16 July
3397:5 April
3334:25 June
2812:7 March
2751:6 April
2726:6 April
2453:20 June
2432:20 June
2177:"India"
2096:. Dawn.
1153:, actor
1147:, actor
1141:, actor
1135:, actor
1123:, actor
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856:dejihor
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811:Culture
767:Harmukh
556:Kashmir
323:Dãmaras
261:History
118:Haryana
85:Kashmir
4807:Peshwa
4681:Hebbar
4370:Zutshi
4350:Sheikh
4340:Thussu
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