360:, a black cloud appeared from afar, and echoed a shriek, "ah, how sad (あら悲しや)," and a person's feet stuck out from the cloud. When the governor of Inaba's retinue dragged it down, it turned out to be the corpse of an old woman. When the people in the surroundings were asked about the circumstances, it turned out that the old woman was terribly stingy, and was detested by those around her, but one time when she went outside to go to the bathroom, a black cloud suddenly swooped down and took her away. To the people of that society, it was the deed of a
287:
20:
36:
295:
455:, a story is passed down where when a certain wealthy man died, a kasha-neko (カシャ猫 or 火車猫) appeared before him and attempted to steal his corpse, but the priest of Seigen-ji drove it away. What was then determined to have been its remaining tail was then presented to the temple of Hase-kannon as a charm against evil spirits, which is open to the public on new years each year.
339:. One time, a man named Yasubei who ran an alcohol shop suddenly ran off down a path, shouted "a kasha is coming," and collapsed. By the time the family rushed to him, he had already lost his sanity and was unable to listen to anything said to him and fell asleep. It is said that, ten days later, his lower body started rotting and he died.
557:(wheel of fire), it is said that they would attempt to take away the corpses of sinners, or living sinners. It has thus been determined that the legend of the kasha was born as a result of the mixture of legends concerning cats and the dead, and the legend of the "hi no kuruma" that would steal away sinners.
524:
Over time, the image of the kasha evolved from a chariot of fire to a corpse-stealing cat demon that appeared at funerals. It is not clear how or when the flaming cart demon and bakeneko were confounded, but in many cases, kasha are depicted as cat demons, often wreathed in flame. This has led to the
370:
It would sometimes happen that in the middle of a funeral procession, rain and wind would suddenly come forth, blow away the coffin, and cause the corpse to be lost, but this was due to how a kasha from hell came to greet it, and caused people to be afraid and feel ashamed. It is said that the kasha
520:
The legends state that if a monk is present in the funeral procession, then the body could be reclaimed by the monk throwing a rosary at the coffin, saying a prayer, or signing their seal onto the coffin. The remedy for a kasha corpse abduction varies by region and source. However, if no monk
349:
participated in the funeral procession of his male cousin, thunder began to rumble, and from a dark cloud that covered the sky, a kasha stuck out an arm of one like a bear, and attempted to steal the corpse. When it was cut off by a sword, it was said that the arm had three dreadful nails, and was
516:
It was said that during the funeral procession of a sinful man, the kasha would come for the body. When kasha arrived, they were accompanied by black clouds and a fearsome wind. These great winds would be strong enough to lift the coffin into the sky, out of the hands of those bearing it on their
504:
Kasha literally means "burning cart" or "fiery chariot". During Japan's Middle Ages and early modern era, Kasha were depicted as a fiery chariot who took the dead away to hell, and were depicted as such in
Buddhist writings, such as rokudo-e. Kasha also appeared in Buddhist paintings of the
528:
There is some considerable discussion on the origin of the feline appearance of the modern kasha. Some believe that the kasha was given a feline appearance when the previous conception of the kasha was given the attributes of another corpse-robbing yokai, the
Chinese
544:
In Japan, from old times, cats were seen as possessing supernatural abilities, and there are legends such as "one must not let a cat get near a corpse" and "when a cat leaps over a coffin, the corpse inside the coffin will wake up." Also, in the collection of
576:
The
Japanese Idiom "hi no kuruma", an alternate reading of 火車, "kasha", meaning "to be in a difficult financial situation" or "to be strapped for cash", comes from how the dead would receive torture from the kasha on their journey to hell.
560:
Another popular viewpoint is that kasha were given the cat-like appearance after it was noted that in rare cases, cats will consume their deceased owners. This is a rather unusual occurrence, but there are recorded modern cases of this.
306:
In funerals performed in Ueda, Echigo, a kasha appeared during the funeral presence, and attempted to steal the corpse. It is said that this kasha appeared together with harsh lightning and rain, and in the book's illustration, like the
521:
was present or no rosary thrown, then the coffin and body lying therein were taken away to hell. Alternatively, the body would be disrespected by the kasha by being savagely torn into pieces and hung on adjacent tree limbs or rocks.
392:, Echigo Province, a sudden gust and a ball of fire came flying to it, and covered the coffin. Inside the ball of fire, was a giant cat with two tails, and it attempted to steal the coffin. This yōkai was repelled by the priest of
201:), at a temple that a kasha is said to live near, a funeral is performed twice, and it is said that by putting a rock inside the coffin for the first funeral, this protects the corpse from being stolen by the kasha. Also, in
513:’, paintings depicting the horrors of hell), where they were depicted as flaming carts pulled by demons or oni. The tale of the kasha was used by the Buddhist leadership to persuade the populace to avoid sin.
270:
and get often interchanged with them. Kashas are said to travel the world on burning chariots or barouches, stealing the corpses of recently deceased humans, which were not yet buried and who had been
221:), it is said that before a funeral procession, "I will not let baku feed on this (バクには食わせん)" or "I will not let kasha feed on this (火車には食わせん)" is chanted twice. In the village of Kumagaya,
595:, is called "kasha" (花車, "flower wheel") comes from this kasha, and as the yarite was the woman who managed everything, and how the word "yarite" is also used to indicate people who move
580:
In the region of the Harima
Province, old women with bad personalities are said to be called "kasha-baba" ("kasha old women"), with the nuance that they are old women that are like
748:. Komatsu, Kazuhiko, 1947-, Tsunemitsu, Tōru, 1948-, Yamada, Shōji, 1963-, Iikura, Yoshiyuki, 1975-, 小松和彦, 1947-, 常光徹, 1948- (Saihan ed.). Tōkyō-to Chiyoda-ku. July 2013.
371:
would tear up the corpse, hang it on rocks or trees in the mountains. In the book, there are many kasha in Japan and in China, and here it was the deed of a beast called
436:
bag tied to her front, and it is said that it would steal corpses from coffins at funerals and dig up corpses from the gravesites and eat the corpses. In the village of
389:
290:"Concerning How in the Manor of Ueda, Echigo, at the Time of Funeral, a Lightning Cloud Comes and Steals Corpses" from the "Kiizō Danshū" (奇異雑談集), author unknown
437:
346:
538:
1310:
Japanese Yōkai
Encyclopedia Final Edition: Yōkai, Other Worlds and Gods (決定版 日本妖怪大全 妖怪・あの世・神様, Ketteihan Nihon Yōkai Taizen: Yōkai - Anoyo - Kami-sama)
1579:
459:
140:, and what exactly they are is not firmly set, and there are examples all throughout the country. In many cases their true identity is actually a
303:"Concerning How in the Manor of Ueda, Echigo, at the Time of Funeral, a Lightning Cloud Comes and Steals Corpses" from the "Kiizō Danshū" (奇異雑談集)
1366:
1232:
777:
554:
474:), a monster that would eat human corpses are called "tenmaru", and in order to defend against this, the bamboo basket on top was protected.
2136:
3220:
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159:
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44:
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332:"Looking at a Kasha, Getting Sore at the Waist and Legs, and Collapsing" from the "Shin Chomonjū", Chapter Ten "Strange Events"
1508:
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972:
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690:
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485:, kasha are called madōkusha, and it is said that a cat that would reach one hundred years of age would become a yōkai.
1342:
342:"Cutting the Hand of an Ogre in a Cloud at the Place of Funeral" from the "Shin Chomonjū", Chapter Ten "Strange Events"
1287:
1208:
925:
753:
147:, and it is also said that cats that grow old would turn into this yōkai and that their true identity is actually a
568:
making humans drown and eating their innards from their butts was born as a result of the influence of this kasha.
356:
When a feudal lord of Hizen, the governor of Inaba, Oomura, and several others, were going around the seacoast of
1565:
517:
shoulders. When this occurred, the pallbearers would explain it as the body having been “possessed by the kasha”
214:
209:, it is said that leaving a hair razor on top of the coffin would prevent the kasha from stealing the corpse. In
541:, in volume four "Kiboku no Koto" (鬼僕の事), there is a scene under the name, "The One Called Mōryō" (魍魎といへる者なり).
353:"A Kasha Seizes and Takes Away an Avaricious Old Woman" from the "Shin Chomonjū", Chapter Fourteen "Calamities"
3777:
3175:
1759:
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318:"Holy Priest Onyo Himself Rides with a Kasha" from the "Shin Chomonjū (新著聞集)," Chapter Five "Acts of Prayer"
1551:
325:, Holy Priest Onyo was greeted by a kasha. This kasha was not an envoy of hell, but rather an envoy of the
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of
Kitagawa was afterwards called the "kasha-otoshi no kesa" (the kesa of the one who defeated a kasha).
397:
385:
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375:(魍魎), and in the illustration, it was written as 魍魎 and given the reading "kuhashiya" (refer to image).
194:
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Things of the same kind as kasha, or things thought of as a different name for kasha, are as follows.
315:
made with a tiger's skin, and is depicted possessing a drum that can cause lightning (refer to image).
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553:
from medieval Japan, a gokusotsu (an evil ogre that torments the dead in hell) would drag a burning
329:, and thus here the appearance of a kasha depended on whether or not one believed in the afterlife.
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52:
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432:(now also part of Tōno), there lived a thing that took on the appearance of a woman who wore a
424:, called "kyasha", at the mountain next to the pass that continued from the village of Ayaori,
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533:. In the aforementioned "Bōsō Manroku", the characters 魍魎 were read "kuhashiya", in the essay
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Translated by
Jeffrey Hunter with Rose Lesser. Weatherhill, New York NY u. a. 1986,
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modern-day conception of the kasha as one variety of bakeneko, or 'monster cats'.
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43:(化物之繪, c. 1700), Harry F. Bruning Collection of Japanese Books and Manuscripts,
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Japandemonium illustrated : the yokai encyclopedias of
Toriyama Sekien
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Sperhake, J.P (2001). "Postmortem Bite
Injuries Cause by a Domestic Cat".
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Japandemonium
Illustrated: The Yōkai Encyclopedias of Toriyama Sekien
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151:. However, there are other cases where the kasha is depicted as an
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298:"Kuhashiya" (魍魎) from the "Bōsō Manroku" (茅窓漫録) by Chihara Kyosai
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and a burning tail. They are similar to other demons such as
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121:
35:
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396:, Kitataka, by his incantation and a single strike of his
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Representations of the Bhaisajyaguru Sutra at Tun-huang.
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1337:. Yoda, Hiroko,, Alt, Matt,, 依田寬子. Mineola, New York.
1332:
158:
There are tales of kasha in tales like the folktale
233:), it is said that a kasha is avoided by playing a
120:of those who have died as a result of accumulating
1107:. 地球人ライブラリー. 池内紀(trans.). 小学館. pp. 201–202頁.
181:As a method of protecting corpses from kasha, in
3759:
1247:"Tokyo Exhibit Promises A Hell of An Experience"
350:covered by hair that looked like silver needles.
335:It was at the village of Myōganji near Kisai in
1082:. Vol. 〈第1期〉22. 吉川弘文館. pp. 352–353頁.
1043:
1041:
245:) (a traditional Japanese musical instrument).
1127:
967:. 岩波文庫. Vol. 上. 岩波書店. pp. 230–232頁.
104:
1573:
706:
704:
702:
500:Development of the term and concept over time
1403:
1401:
1201:Kaibyō : the supernatural cats of Japan
1038:
918:Snow country tales. Life in the other Japan.
1019:
988:神谷養勇軒 (1974). "新著聞集". In 日本随筆大成編輯部編 (ed.).
710:
587:How the yarite, the woman who controls the
72:
1580:
1566:
1478:. 岩波文庫. Vol. 中. 岩波書店. pp. 125頁.
1365:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1231:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
992:. Vol. 〈第2期〉5. 吉川弘文館. pp. 289頁.
776:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
699:
646:
644:
642:
640:
638:
178:), there is the tale of the "Kasha-baba".
1398:
1277:
897:Mythologien der Welt. Japan, Ainu, Korea.
599:(gissha or gyūsha) also comes from this.
564:Another theory states that the legend of
1432:
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155:carrying the damned in a cart to hell.
3760:
1525:"【火の車】の意味と使い方の例文（慣用句） | ことわざ・慣用句の百科事典"
1378:
1376:
1303:
1301:
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1052:. Vol. 〈第2期〉5. pp. 355–357頁.
367:"Kasha" from the "Bōsō Manroku" (茅窓漫録)
1587:
1561:
1333:Toriyama, Sekien; 鳥山石燕 (2017-01-18).
1273:
1271:
1269:
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987:
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428:(now part of Tōno) to the village of
162:, and there are similar tales in the
1498:
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1132:. Vol. 第1巻. 平凡社. pp. 468頁.
1102:
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1282:. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications.
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685:. 神戸新聞総合出版センター. pp. 157–158頁.
274:in life. They bring their souls to
13:
1264:
1147:. んだんだブックス. 無明舎. pp. 40–41頁.
1067:. Vol. 〈第2期〉5. pp. 399頁.
258:-demons with the head of a cat or
14:
3799:
1545:
1382:
729:
408:
1312:. Tokyo, Japan: Kodansha-Bunko.
1278:Hiroko, Yoda; Alt, Matt (2016).
870:
845:
820:
794:
109:, 'changed wheel') is a
45:L. Tom Perry Special Collections
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1492:
1467:
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1426:
1326:
1239:
1203:(First ed.). Seattle, WA.
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956:
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910:
889:
864:
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1:
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321:In Bunmei 11, July 2, at the
251:often describes the kasha as
1503:. 講談社文庫. 講談社. pp. 52頁.
1412:. 毎日新聞社. pp. 103–104頁.
1024:. 国書刊行会. pp. 150–151頁.
655:. 毎日新聞社. pp. 103–104頁.
388:period. At a funeral in the
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2099:
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2018:
2009:
2000:
1991:
1982:
1973:
1964:
1955:
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1632:
1623:
1614:
1605:
1474:根岸鎮衛 (1991). 長谷川強校注 (ed.).
848:"民俗採訪 通巻昭和38年度号 宮崎県東臼杵郡西郷村"
602:
378:"Priest Kitataka" from the
132:Kasha are yōkai that would
10:
3804:
823:"愛媛県史 民俗下巻 第八章 第三節：三 死と衣服"
217:, Miyzaki Prefecture (now
127:
3719:
1871:
1833:
1595:
963:高田衛編・校中 (1989). "奇異雑談集".
746:Nihon kaii yōkai daijiten
242:
105:
68:
1552:Short infos about Kashas
1529:proverb-encyclopedia.com
1308:Shigeru, Mizuki (2014).
715:. 国書刊行会. pp. 151頁.
187:Nishiyatsushiro District
53:Brigham Young University
1435:Archiv für Kriminologie
1199:Zack, Davisson (2017).
1128:柳田國男監修 民俗学研究所編 (1955).
873:"中国民俗研究 1巻3号 阿哲郡熊谷村の伝説"
3309:Yashima no Hage-tanuki
299:
291:
56:
32:
1843:Konjaku Monogatarishū
1103:鈴木牧之 (1997). "北高和尚".
1078:茅原虚斎 (1994). "茅窓漫録".
899:ePubli, Berlin 2011,
780:) CS1 maint: others (
345:When a warrior named
297:
289:
215:Higashiusuki District
49:Harold B. Lee Library
38:
22:
3778:Mythological felines
1875:in Japanese Folklore
1873:Legendary Creatures
1020:京極夏彦・多田克己編著 (2000).
711:京極夏彦・多田克己編著 (2000).
572:Re-usage of the term
494:Kagoshima Prefecture
191:Yamanashi Prefecture
1861:Uji Shūi Monogatari
1760:Taketori Monogatari
895:Michaela Haustein:
551:Uji Shūi Monogatari
453:Yamagata Prefecture
347:Matsudaira Gozaemon
531:Mōryō or wangliang
458:In the village of
300:
292:
227:Okayama Prefecture
136:from funerals and
57:
33:
3768:Buddhist folklore
3755:
3754:
3282:Danzaburou-danuki
1787:Tsuru no Ongaeshi
1751:Shita-kiri Suzume
1607:Awa Tanuki Gassen
1589:Japanese folklore
1531:. 24 October 2017
1510:978-4-06-275484-2
1485:978-4-00-302612-0
1419:978-4-620-31428-0
1319:978-4-06-277602-8
1154:978-4-89544-344-9
1114:978-4-09-251035-7
1089:978-4-642-09022-3
1031:978-4-336-04187-6
999:978-4-642-08550-2
974:978-4-00-302571-0
905:978-3-8442-1407-9
797:"甲斐路 通巻24号 精進の民話"
722:978-4-336-04187-6
692:978-4-3430-0341-6
662:978-4-620-31428-0
539:Negishi Shizumori
442:Nagano Prefecture
249:Japanese folklore
203:Yawatahama, Ehime
25:Gazu Hyakki Yagyō
23:"Kasha" from the
3795:
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3312:
3303:
3300:Shibaemon-tanuki
3294:
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2122:
2113:
2104:
2095:
2086:
2077:
2068:
2059:
2050:
2041:
2032:
2023:
2014:
2005:
1996:
1987:
1978:
1969:
1960:
1951:
1942:
1933:
1924:
1915:
1906:
1897:
1888:
1864:
1855:
1846:
1826:
1817:
1814:Yamata no Orochi
1808:
1799:
1790:
1781:
1772:
1763:
1754:
1745:
1742:Saru Kani Gassen
1736:
1727:
1718:
1709:
1700:
1691:
1682:
1673:
1670:Kachi-kachi Yama
1664:
1655:
1646:
1637:
1628:
1619:
1610:
1582:
1575:
1568:
1559:
1558:
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1537:
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1521:
1515:
1514:
1496:
1490:
1489:
1471:
1465:
1464:
1463:. pp. 147頁.
1457:
1451:
1450:
1441:(3–4): 114–119.
1430:
1424:
1423:
1408:村上健司 編著 (2000).
1405:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1383:Meyer, Matthew.
1380:
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1370:
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1187:
1186:
1185:. pp. 312頁.
1179:
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1171:. pp. 236頁.
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978:
960:
954:
943:Kaikodo Journal.
935:
929:
916:Bokushi Suzuki:
914:
908:
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886:
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883:
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742:
727:
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708:
697:
696:
681:播磨学研究所編 (2005).
678:
667:
666:
651:村上健司 編著 (2000).
648:
614:Gazu Hyakki Yakō
483:Aichi Prefecture
468:Gunma Prefecture
426:Kamihei District
422:Iwate Prefecture
244:
207:Ehime prefecture
168:Hyōgo Prefecture
116:that steals the
108:
107:
102:
99:
93:
89:
86:
80:
77:
74:
70:
39:Kasha (火車) from
3803:
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3797:
3796:
3794:
3793:
3792:
3758:
3757:
3756:
3751:
3715:
3709:Zashiki-warashi
3223:
2967:Rashōmon no oni
2313:Hitotsume-nyūdō
2281:
2139:
1874:
1867:
1829:
1697:Kobutori Jiisan
1643:Hanasaka Jiisan
1616:Bunbuku Chagama
1591:
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1007:
1000:
986:
982:
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961:
957:
945:Vol. 20, 2001,
937:Chih-hung Yen:
936:
932:
928:, page 316–317.
915:
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709:
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693:
679:
670:
663:
649:
636:
632:
605:
574:
502:
411:
390:Uonuma District
364:called "kasha."
284:
223:Atetsu District
195:Fujikawaguchiko
164:Harima Province
130:
100:
94:
91:
87:
81:
78:
75:
29:Toriyama Sekien
17:
12:
11:
5:
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3750:
3749:
3744:
3742:Shigeru Mizuki
3739:
3737:Lafcadio Hearn
3734:
3729:
3727:Kunio Yanagita
3723:
3721:
3717:
3716:
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3691:Yume no seirei
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3533:
3524:
3515:
3511:Tsurube-otoshi
3506:
3497:
3488:
3487:
3486:
3477:
3468:
3464:Koto-furunushi
3459:
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3441:
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3423:
3414:
3405:
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3351:
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3333:
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3295:
3286:
3277:
3273:Tanuki-bayashi
3259:
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2636:
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2623:Kuchisake-onna
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2304:Hitotsume-kozō
2299:
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2198:Futakuchi-onna
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2047:Ashinagatenaga
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1823:Yotsuya Kaidan
1818:
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1724:Nezumi no Sumō
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1547:
1546:External links
1544:
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1397:
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1143:山口敏太郎 (2003).
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803:. 国際日本文化研究センター
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877:怪異・妖怪伝承データベース
874:
867:
853:
852:怪異・妖怪伝承データベース
849:
842:
828:
827:怪異・妖怪伝承データベース
824:
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801:怪異・妖怪伝承データベース
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134:steal corpses
125:
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21:
3788:Cat folklore
3493:Tsurara-onna
2996:Onihitokuchi
2949:Kijo/Onibaba
2940:Ibaraki-dōji
2632:Kuda-gitsune
2485:
2295:Hito-gitsune
1652:Hyakki Yagyō
1533:. Retrieved
1528:
1519:
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1388:. Retrieved
1334:
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1253:. 2017-08-05
1250:
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1177:
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800:
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555:hi no kuruma
543:
527:
523:
519:
515:
507:jigoku-zōshi
506:
503:
490:Izumi region
487:
476:
457:
450:
438:Minamimimaki
415:
412:
247:
234:
183:Kamikuishiki
180:
157:
131:
60:
58:
3747:Inoue Enryō
3720:Folklorists
3446:Ittan-momen
3428:Boroboroton
3401:Abumi-guchi
3392:Tsukumogami
3224: [
3041:Osakabehime
2976:Shuten-dōji
2886:Oboroguruma
2733:Mokumokuren
2704:Miage-nyūdō
2587:Konaki-jiji
2367:Ishinagenjo
2282: [
2216:Gashadokuro
2140: [
2074:Bake-kujira
1993:Amefurikozō
1885:Abura-akago
1852:Otogi-zōshi
1778:Tawara Tōda
1661:Issun-bōshi
1625:Hachikazuki
953:, page 168.
619:Maneki-neko
549:tales, the
509:(Buddhist ‘
282:In classics
31:, ca. 1781.
3762:Categories
3732:Keigo Seki
3455:Kasa-obake
3383:Tsuchinoko
3374:Tsuchigumo
3246:Sunekosuri
3221:Shussebora
3140:Shidaidaka
3131:Shachihoko
3086:Rokurokubi
3032:Ootakemaru
2868:Nyūdō-bōzu
2841:Nurarihyon
2814:Noppera-bō
2686:Mikaribaba
2605:Koromodako
2477:Kasa-obake
2450:Kamaitachi
2270:Hiderigami
2234:Hanako-san
2110:Chimimōryō
2038:Aosaginohi
1805:Uriko-hime
1535:2018-12-17
1257:2018-12-05
1219:1006517249
907:, page 25.
882:2008-09-01
857:2008-09-01
832:2008-09-01
807:2008-09-01
630:References
535:Mimibukuro
511:hellscapes
479:Himakajima
400:, and the
160:Neko Danka
138:cemeteries
3682:Yuki-onna
3610:Yamajijii
3502:Tsurubebi
3365:Tōfu-kozō
3167:Shinigami
3149:Shikigami
3122:Sazae-oni
2850:Nure-onna
2596:Korpokkur
2560:Kitsunebi
2322:Hone-onna
2252:Hashihime
2243:Harionago
2171:Funayūrei
2101:Binbōgami
2065:Azukiarai
1975:Amanozako
1966:Amanojaku
1903:Aka Manto
1679:Kasa Jizō
1597:Folktales
1554:(English)
1361:cite book
1353:909082541
1227:cite book
951:2602228-X
772:cite book
764:852779765
327:pure land
90: or
3673:Yosuzume
3628:Yamawaro
3619:Yama-uba
3601:Yamabiko
3556:Ushi-oni
3547:Umi zatō
3482:Ungaikyō
3473:Menreiki
3410:Bakezōri
3255:Takaonna
3176:Shiranui
3095:Samebito
3059:Otoroshi
2958:Kidōmaru
2859:Nurikabe
2832:Nuppeppō
2805:Noderabō
2778:Namahage
2751:Mononoke
2659:Kuzunoha
2614:Kotobuki
2549:Hakuzōsu
2513:Kijimuna
2504:Keukegen
2459:Kamikiri
2439:Nekomata
2430:Bakeneko
2403:Jorōgumo
2394:Jinmenju
2385:Janjanbi
2279:Hinezumi
2180:Furaribi
2137:Dorotabō
2128:Dodomeki
2056:Ayakashi
1921:Akashita
1733:Oto-hime
1715:Momotarō
1706:Kurozuka
1634:Hakuzōsu
1447:11721602
1145:とうほく妖怪図鑑
1130:綜合日本民俗語彙
1063:"新著聞集".
1048:"新著聞集".
624:Nekomata
609:Bakeneko
603:See also
582:bakeneko
434:kinchaku
430:Miyamori
313:fundoshi
268:Bakeneko
264:Nekomata
253:humanoid
239:Japanese
235:myobachi
172:Yamasaki
149:nekomata
111:Japanese
97:barouche
95:burning
82:burning
65:Japanese
3583:Wanyūdō
3538:Umibōzu
3520:Ubagabi
3212:Shōkera
3185:Shirime
3158:Shikome
3005:Onikuma
2922:Ōmukade
2724:Mizuchi
2578:Komainu
2540:Kitsune
2495:Kawauso
2412:Jubokko
2376:Isonade
2358:Inugami
2331:Hyōsube
2261:Hibagon
2029:Aonyōbō
2011:Amikiri
2002:Ameonna
1957:Aoandon
1930:Akateko
1912:Akaname
1688:Kintarō
1385:"Kasha"
683:播磨の民俗探訪
591:in the
547:setsuwa
488:In the
460:Akihata
451:In the
394:Dontōan
323:Zōjō-ji
128:Summary
124:deeds.
118:corpses
84:chariot
76:
3646:Yobuko
3637:Yanari
3347:Tenome
3338:Tennin
3264:Tanuki
3237:Sōjōbō
3194:Shiryō
3113:Satori
3104:Sankai
3023:Ōnyūdō
2796:Ningyo
2787:Namazu
2769:Mujina
2742:Momiji
2715:Misaki
2677:Mazoku
2650:Kumiho
2569:Kodama
2522:Kinoko
2421:Kaibyō
2349:Ikuchi
2340:Ikiryō
2207:Gagoze
2162:Enenra
2153:Dragon
2020:Aobōzu
1948:Amabie
1507:
1482:
1445:
1416:
1390:Dec 5,
1351:
1341:
1316:
1286:
1217:
1207:
1151:
1111:
1086:
1080:日本随筆大成
1065:日本随筆大成
1050:日本随筆大成
1028:
996:
990:日本随筆大成
971:
949:
947:ZDB-ID
924:
903:
871:桂又三郎.
846:河野正文.
821:河野正文.
795:土橋里木.
762:
752:
719:
689:
659:
593:yūkaku
386:Tenshō
309:raijin
272:sinful
219:Misato
170:). In
3773:Yōkai
3700:Yūrei
3664:Yōsei
3655:Yōkai
3574:Waira
3529:Ubume
3356:Tesso
3329:Tengu
3228:]
3203:Shōjō
3077:Raijū
3050:Osaki
3014:Onryō
2987:Onibi
2913:Okubi
2904:Okiku
2877:Obake
2760:Mōryō
2668:Kyubi
2641:Kudan
2531:Kirin
2486:Kasha
2468:Kappa
2286:]
2225:Goryō
2144:]
2092:Basan
1939:Akuma
1834:Texts
965:江戸怪談集
566:kappa
472:Kanra
470:(now
444:(now
373:Mōryō
362:devil
358:Bizen
337:Bushū
260:tiger
231:Niimi
229:(now
211:Saigō
193:(now
176:Shisō
174:(now
166:(now
145:yōkai
114:yōkai
103:, or
61:kasha
3592:Yako
3565:Uwan
3068:Ouni
2895:Oiwa
2189:Fūri
2083:Baku
1505:ISBN
1501:百鬼解読
1480:ISBN
1461:妖怪図巻
1443:PMID
1414:ISBN
1410:妖怪事典
1392:2018
1367:link
1349:OCLC
1339:ISBN
1314:ISBN
1284:ISBN
1233:link
1215:OCLC
1205:ISBN
1183:妖怪事典
1169:妖怪事典
1149:ISBN
1109:ISBN
1105:北越雪譜
1084:ISBN
1026:ISBN
1022:妖怪図巻
994:ISBN
969:ISBN
941:In:
922:ISBN
901:ISBN
782:link
778:link
760:OCLC
750:ISBN
717:ISBN
713:妖怪図巻
687:ISBN
657:ISBN
653:妖怪事典
589:yūjo
446:Saku
418:Tōno
402:kesa
398:nyoi
276:hell
266:and
199:Kōfu
122:evil
73:lit.
59:The
3320:Ten
2931:Oni
2823:Nue
1439:208
537:by
477:In
416:In
256:cat
153:oni
142:cat
27:by
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2284:ja
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1476:耳嚢
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243:妙八
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