442:
resources. Different species of kangaroo rat may have different seed caching strategies to coexist with each other, as is the case for the banner-tailed kangaroo rat and
Merriam's kangaroo rat which have overlapping ranges. Merriam's kangaroo rats scatterhoard small caches of seeds in numerous small, shallow holes they dig. This is initially done close to the food source, maximizing harvest rates and reducing travel costs, but later redistributed more widely, minimizing theft by other rodents. Banner-tailed kangaroo rats larderhoard a sizable cache of seeds within the large mounds they occupy. This could decrease their time and energy expenses; they also spend less time on the surface digging holes, reducing the risk of predation. Being larger and more sedentary, they are better able to defend these larders from depredations by other rodents.
479:
several hundred dens. The burrow of a kangaroo rat is important in providing protection from the harsh desert environment. To maintain a constant temperature and relative humidity in their burrows, kangaroo rats plug the entrances with soil during the day. When the outside temperature is too hot, a kangaroo rat stays in its cool, humid burrow and leaves it only at night. To reduce loss of moisture through respiration when sleeping, a kangaroo rat buries its nose in its fur to accumulate a small pocket of moist air. The burrows of
Merriam's kangaroo rats are simpler and shallower than those of banner-tailed kangaroo rats. Banner-tailed kangaroo rats also mate in their burrows, unlike Merriam's kangaroo rats.
506:
between
February and May and produce two or three litters per year. Before mating, the male and female will perform nasal-anal circling until the female stops and allows the male to mount her. A Merriam's kangaroo rat female will allow multiple males to mount her in a short time, perhaps to ensure greater chances of producing offspring. Mating in banner-tailed kangaroo rats involves more chasing and foot drumming in the male before the female allows him to mate. Banner-tailed kangaroo rats mate on mounds and the more successful males chase away rival males. The gestation period of kangaroo rats lasts 22–27 days.
451:
63:
417:
they must conserve water. They do this in part by lowering their metabolic rate, which reduces the loss of water through their skin and respiratory system. Evaporation through the skin is the major route of loss. Merriam's kangaroo rats obtain enough water from the metabolic oxidation of the seeds they eat to survive and do not need to drink water at all. To help conserve water they produce very concentrated urine, via a process apparently associated with expression of
50:
385:. Kangaroo rats often leap a distance of 7 feet, and reportedly up to 9 feet (2.75 m) at speeds up to almost 10 feet/sec, or 10 km/h (6 mph). They can quickly change direction between jumps. The rapid locomotion of the banner-tailed kangaroo rat may minimize energy cost and predation risk. Its use of a "move-freeze" mode may also make it less conspicuous to nocturnal predators.
438:
extra seeds in seed caches. This caching behavior affects the rangeland and croplands where the animals live. Kangaroo rats must harvest as much seed as possible in as little time as possible. To conserve energy and water, they minimize their time away from their cool, dry burrows. In addition, maximizing time in their burrows minimizes their exposure to predators.
478:
Kangaroo rats live in complex burrow systems. The burrows have separate chambers used for specific purposes like sleeping, living, and food storage. The spacing of the burrows depends on the number of kangaroo rats and the abundance of food. Kangaroo rats also live in colonies that range from six to
416:
live in areas of low rainfall and humidity, and high summer temperature and evaporation rates. They prefer areas of stony soils, including clays, gravel, and rocks, which are harder than soils preferred by some other species (like banner-tailed kangaroo rats). Because their habitats are hot and dry,
509:
The young are born in a fur-lined nest in the burrows. They are born blind and hairless. For the first week, young
Merriam kangaroo rats crawl, developing their hind legs in their second or third week. At this time, the young become independent. Banner-tailed kangaroo rats are weaned between 22 and
505:
mating system. Their reproductive output is highest in summer following high rainfalls. During droughts and food shortages, only a few females will breed. It appears that kangaroo rats can assess their local conditions and adjust their reproductive efforts accordingly. Merriam's kangaroo rats breed
437:
Kangaroo rats are primarily seed eaters. They will, however, eat vegetation occasionally, and at some times of the year, possibly insects as well. They have been seen storing the seeds of mesquite, creosote bush, purslane, ocotillo, and grama grass in their cheek pouches. Kangaroo rats will store
364:
with big hind legs, small front legs, and relatively large heads. Adults typically weigh between 70 and 170 grams (2.5 and 6.0 oz) The tails of kangaroo rats are longer than both their bodies and their heads. Another notable feature of kangaroo rats is their fur-lined cheek pouches, which are
428:
In contrast, banner-tailed kangaroo rats have more specific habitat requirements for desert grasslands with scattered shrubs; this species is also more threatened because of the decline in these grasslands. These are also dry areas but they tend to have more water available to them than
Merriam's
492:
among male kangaroo rats in competition for access to females. Male kangaroo rats are generally more aggressive than females and are more dominant over them. Females are more tolerant of each other than males are and have more non-aggressive interactions. This is likely in part because the home
469:
Kangaroo rats inhabit overlapping home ranges. These home ranges tend to be small with most activities within 200–300 ft and rarely 600 ft. Home range size can vary within species with
Merriam's kangaroo rats having larger home ranges than banner-tailed kangaroo rats. Recently weaned
873:. Cooperative Extension Division, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln; United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service: Animal Damage Control; Great Plains Agricultural Council: Wildlife Committee. pp. B101–B104
441:
When on foraging trips, kangaroo rats hoard the seeds that they find. It is important for a kangaroo rat to encounter more food items than are consumed, at least at one point in the year, as well as defend or rediscover food caches and remain within the same areas long enough to utilize food
487:
Kangaroo rats are generally solitary animals with little social organization. Kangaroo rats communicate during competitive interactions and courtship. They do cluster together in some feeding situations. Groups of kangaroo rats that exist are aggregations and colonies. There appears to be a
398:
Kangaroo rats live in arid and semiarid areas, particularly on sandy or soft soils which are suitable for burrowing. They can, however, vary in both geographic range and habitat. Their elevation range depends on the species; they are found from below sea level to at least 7,100 feet (the
493:
ranges of females overlap less than the home ranges of males. Linear dominance hierarchies appear to exist among males but it is not known if this is the case for females. Winners of aggressive encounters appear to be the most active individuals.
410:). They are sensitive to extreme temperatures and remain in their burrows during rain storms and other forms of inclement weather. Kangaroo rats are preyed on by coyotes, foxes, badgers, weasels, owls, and snakes.
365:
used for storing food. The coloration of kangaroo rats varies from cinnamon buff to dark gray, depending on the species. There is also some variation in length with one of the largest species, the
975:
470:
kangaroo rats move into new areas not occupied by adults. Within its home range, a kangaroo rat has a defended territory consisting of its burrowing system.
1551:
911:
2025:
1316:
Jenkins, S. H.; Rothstein, A.; Green, W. C. H. (December 1995). "Food
Hoarding by Merriam's Kangaroo Rats: A Test of Alternative Hypotheses".
2064:
1578:
2138:
987:
1999:
2143:
2038:
1545:
1453:
Randall, J. A. (January 1987). "Field
Observations of Male Competition and Mating in Merriam's and Bannertail Kangaroo Rats".
2056:
1509:
2043:
422:
1571:
1491:
1179:"Prevalence of cutaneous evaporation in Merriam's kangaroo rat and its adaptive variation at the subspecific level"
2069:
1556:
1276:
Morgan, K. R.; Price, M. V. (1992-12-01). "Foraging in
Heteromyid Rodents: The Energy Costs of Scratch-Digging".
1729:
1388:
1371:
Newmark, J. E.; Jenkins, S. H. (April 2000). "Sex
Differences in Agonistic Behavior of Merriam's Kangaroo Rats (
1156:
1013:
Schroder, G. D. (August 1979). "Foraging Behavior and Home Range Utilization of the Bannertail Kangaroo Rat".
1564:
1415:
Waser, P. M.; Jones, W. T. (June 1991). "Survival and Reproductive Effort in Banner-Tailed Kangaroo Rats".
952:
2051:
1947:
1745:
1952:
1809:
1801:
1785:
1713:
983:
366:
62:
1817:
1737:
923:
413:
897:
1753:
1705:
462:
336:. The common name derives from their bipedal form. They hop in a manner similar to the much larger
1224:"Architecture of kangaroo rat inner medulla: segmentation of descending thin limb of Henle's loop"
1673:
1665:
400:
20:
16:
Genus of mammals belonging to the kangaroo rats, kangaroo mice, and pocket mice family of rodents
1499:
1353:
2095:
1887:
1697:
642:
570:
538:
276:
222:
198:
2030:
2133:
2105:
2090:
1871:
1777:
1769:
666:
626:
405:
294:
264:
2082:
1973:
1934:
1793:
751:
650:
341:
282:
168:
944:
8:
1925:
1856:
1848:
1761:
1681:
674:
586:
546:
489:
454:
300:
234:
204:
25:
smaller Australian marsupial relatives of kangaroos and wallabies known as rat-kangaroos
2128:
1721:
1689:
1657:
1470:
1432:
1392:
1335:
1293:
1248:
1223:
1121:
1075:
1032:
885:
708:
682:
658:
602:
578:
306:
288:
246:
228:
57:
1356:. In: Witzany, G. (ed). Biocommunication of Animals. Springer, Dortrecht, pp. 103-133.
2077:
1960:
1540:
1515:
1505:
1318:
1253:
1222:
Urity, V. B.; Issaian, T.; Braun, E. J.; Dantzler, W. H.; Pannabecker, T. L. (2012).
1198:
1160:
1060:
1015:
618:
610:
554:
370:
258:
252:
210:
1396:
1462:
1424:
1384:
1327:
1285:
1243:
1235:
1190:
1113:
1065:
1024:
864:
782:
594:
562:
530:
510:
25 days. Offspring remain in the mound for 1-6 more months in the maternal caches.
240:
216:
192:
174:
151:
1965:
1939:
1586:
1228:
American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
450:
1487:
1147:
634:
270:
868:
1831:
1239:
1178:
733:
2122:
1910:
1495:
1164:
723:
700:
333:
1519:
1592:
1588:
1257:
1202:
1100:
Reynolds, H. G. (February 1958). "The Ecology of the Merriam Kangaroo Rat (
361:
349:
160:
134:
124:
24:
1194:
2012:
1919:
502:
418:
2004:
1629:
1474:
1436:
1339:
1297:
1125:
1079:
1036:
756:
737:
2017:
1986:
1535:
747:
382:
320:
74:
1881:
1466:
1428:
1331:
1289:
1117:
1070:
1051:
1028:
1991:
1904:
1617:
1611:
1315:
811:
369:
being six inches in body length and a tail length of eight inches.
337:
94:
39:
1504:(3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 844–849.
1155:, University of California Publications in Zoölogy, vol. 67,
1501:
Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference
760:
743:
727:
717:
704:
345:
183:
1623:
1605:
713:
323:
114:
104:
84:
49:
1978:
373:
exists in all species, with males being larger than females.
1389:
10.1674/0003-0031(2000)143[0377:SDIABO]2.0.CO;2
1149:
An Analysis of Intraspecific Variation in the Kangaroo Rat
1221:
867:. In Hygnstrom, S.E.; Timm, R.M.; Larson, G.E. (eds.).
750:
with a similar body plan and coloration; an example of
1354:
Vibrational Communication: Spiders to Kangaroo Rats
1104:Mearns) on the Grazing Lands of Southern Arizona".
2120:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1135:
945:"Heteromyidae: Kangaroo Rats & Pocket Mice"
830:: 1-116. Chicago, University of Illinois Press.
1448:
1446:
1370:
1366:
1364:
1362:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1095:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1008:
1006:
1004:
1572:
1271:
1269:
1267:
1176:
858:
856:
344:, like several other clades of rodents (e.g.
1410:
1408:
1406:
1132:
1049:
936:
854:
852:
850:
848:
846:
844:
842:
840:
838:
836:
763:rodent native to southern and eastern Africa
1443:
1359:
1304:
1275:
1086:
1001:
970:
968:
812:"Kangaroo rats: Intraspecific Variation in
806:
804:
802:
800:
1579:
1565:
1414:
1264:
787:The Annals and Magazine of Natural History
707:rodent native to Australia; an example of
496:
48:
1403:
1247:
1215:
1170:
1069:
1050:Garrison, T.E.; Best, T.L. (April 1990).
870:Prevention and Control of Wildlife Damage
833:
783:"A new Genus of Mexican Glirine Mammalia"
720:rodent native to northern Africa and Asia
421:along a longer than usual segment of the
1145:
1099:
1012:
965:
920:U. S. Bureau of Land Management web site
797:
730:rodent native to China and North America
449:
340:, but developed this mode of locomotion
1546:United States Department of Agriculture
1452:
2121:
1548:Bulletin No. 1091, from September 1922
1486:
942:
862:
482:
332:, are native to arid areas of western
1886:
1885:
1560:
1043:
949:Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum web site
904:
1177:Tracy, R.L.; Walsberg, G.E. (2000).
780:
432:
423:descending limb of the loop of Henle
393:
360:Kangaroo rats are four or five-toed
2139:Extant Piacenzian first appearances
13:
976:"Animal Guide: Giant Kangaroo Rat"
14:
2155:
1527:
1536:Life History of the Kangaroo Rat
473:
61:
1377:The American Midland Naturalist
1346:
1183:Journal of Experimental Biology
2144:Taxa named by John Edward Gray
1157:University of California Press
824:Illinois biological monographs
774:
355:
1:
1730:San José Island kangaroo rat
1146:Lidicker, W.Z. (Jr.) (1960),
767:
614:(Chisel-toothed kangaroo rat)
376:
1851:(Microdipodops megacephalus)
1746:Chisel-toothed kangaroo rat
953:Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum
670:(Banner-tailed kangaroo rat)
7:
1802:Banner-tailed kangaroo rat
1455:American Midland Naturalist
694:
686:(Narrow-faced kangaroo rat)
513:
445:
21:the spectacled hare-wallaby
10:
2162:
1818:Narrow-faced kangaroo rat
1240:10.1152/ajpregu.00549.2011
984:Public Broadcasting System
582:(San Quintin kangaroo rat)
459:D. nitratoides nitratoides
388:
367:banner-tailed kangaroo rat
18:
1894:
1868:
1829:
1786:Phillips's kangaroo rat (
1706:San Quintin kangaroo rat
1638:
1600:
1587:Extant species of family
924:Bureau of Land Management
863:Howard, V.W. Jr. (1994).
678:(Stephens's kangaroo rat)
654:(Phillips's kangaroo rat)
590:(Heermann's kangaroo rat)
550:(Gulf Coast kangaroo rat)
542:(California kangaroo rat)
189:
182:
166:
159:
58:Scientific classification
56:
47:
34:
1859:(Microdipodops pallidus)
1810:Stephens's kangaroo rat
1780:(Dipodomys panamintinus)
1714:Heermann's kangaroo rat
1700:(Dipodomys elephantinus)
1674:Gulf Coast kangaroo rat
1668:(Dipodomys californicus)
1666:California kangaroo rat
912:"Merriam's Kangaroo Rat
726:– a non-desert-dwelling
606:(Merriam's kangaroo rat)
574:(Big-eared kangaroo rat)
463:California Living Museum
19:Not to be confused with
1804:(Dipodomys spectabilis)
1764:(Dipodomys nitratoides)
1738:Merriam's kangaroo rat
1698:Big-eared kangaroo rat
740:rodent of North America
646:(Panamint kangaroo rat)
622:(Nelson's kangaroo rat)
497:Mating and reproduction
414:Merriam's kangaroo rats
1778:Panamint kangaroo rat
1754:Nelson's kangaroo rat
1498:; Reeder, D.M (eds.).
1352:Randall, J.A. (2014).
986:. 2014. Archived from
980:Nature on PBS web site
662:(Dulzura kangaroo rat)
643:Dipodomys panamintinus
571:Dipodomys elephantinus
539:Dipodomys californicus
525:Subfamily Dipodomyinae
466:
277:Dipodomys panamintinus
223:Dipodomys elephantinus
199:Dipodomys californicus
2091:Paleobiology Database
1812:(Dipodomys stephensi)
1794:Dulzura kangaroo rat
1788:Dipodomys phillipsii)
1732:(Dipodomys insularis)
1716:(Dipodomys heermanni)
1676:(Dipodomys compactus)
1492:"Family Heteromyidae"
1195:10.1242/jeb.203.4.773
1106:Ecological Monographs
814:Dipodomus spectabilis
667:Dipodomys spectabilis
630:(Fresno kangaroo rat)
627:Dipodomys nitratoides
558:(Desert kangaroo rat)
501:Kangaroo rats have a
453:
295:Dipodomys spectabilis
265:Dipodomys nitratoides
38:Temporal range: Late
1857:Pale kangaroo mouse
1849:Dark kangaroo mouse
1820:(Dipodomys venustus)
1796:(Dipodomys simulans)
1762:Fresno kangaroo rat
1740:(Dipodomys merriami)
1708:(Dipodomys gravipes)
1682:Desert kangaroo rat
781:Gray, J. E. (1841).
736:– a closely related
651:Dipodomys phillipsii
638:(Ord's kangaroo rat)
598:(Giant kangaroo rat)
566:(Texas kangaroo rat)
534:(Agile kangaroo rat)
283:Dipodomys phillipsii
169:Dipodomys phillipsii
1770:Ord's kangaroo rat
1756:(Dipodomys nelsoni)
1748:(Dipodomys microps)
1722:Giant kangaroo rat
1690:Texas kangaroo rat
1684:(Dipodomys deserti)
1658:Agile kangaroo rat
943:Merlin, P. (2014).
675:Dipodomys stephensi
587:Dipodomys heermanni
547:Dipodomys compactus
520:Family Heteromyidae
490:dominance hierarchy
483:Social interactions
455:Tipton kangaroo rat
381:Kangaroo rats move
301:Dipodomys stephensi
235:Dipodomys heermanni
205:Dipodomys compactus
1724:(Dipodomys ingens)
1692:(Dipodomys elator)
1660:(Dipodomys agilis)
1373:Dipodomys merriami
1151:Dipodomus merriami
1102:Dipodomys merriami
914:Dipodomys merriami
810:Nader, I.A. 1978.
709:parallel evolution
683:Dipodomys venustus
659:Dipodomys simulans
603:Dipodomys merriami
579:Dipodomys gravipes
467:
362:heteromyid rodents
307:Dipodomys venustus
289:Dipodomys simulans
247:Dipodomys merriami
229:Dipodomys gravipes
2116:
2115:
2078:Open Tree of Life
1888:Taxon identifiers
1879:
1878:
1842:
1772:(Dipodomys ordii)
1651:
1541:Project Gutenberg
1511:978-0-8018-8221-0
1061:Mammalian Species
818:Dipodomys deserti
619:Dipodomys nelsoni
611:Dipodomys microps
555:Dipodomys deserti
433:Food and foraging
394:Range and habitat
371:Sexual dimorphism
314:
313:
259:Dipodomys nelsoni
253:Dipodomys microps
211:Dipodomys deserti
155:
2151:
2109:
2108:
2099:
2098:
2086:
2085:
2073:
2072:
2060:
2059:
2047:
2046:
2034:
2033:
2021:
2020:
2008:
2007:
1995:
1994:
1982:
1981:
1969:
1968:
1956:
1955:
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1942:
1930:
1929:
1928:
1915:
1914:
1913:
1883:
1882:
1841:
1840:
1836:
1650:
1649:
1645:
1581:
1574:
1567:
1558:
1557:
1543:
1523:
1479:
1478:
1450:
1441:
1440:
1412:
1401:
1400:
1368:
1357:
1350:
1344:
1343:
1326:(8): 2470–2481.
1313:
1302:
1301:
1284:(6): 2260–2272.
1273:
1262:
1261:
1251:
1234:(6): R720–R726.
1219:
1213:
1212:
1210:
1209:
1174:
1168:
1167:
1143:
1130:
1129:
1097:
1084:
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1073:
1047:
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995:
972:
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940:
934:
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930:
908:
902:
901:
895:
891:
889:
881:
879:
878:
860:
831:
808:
795:
794:
778:
595:Dipodomys ingens
563:Dipodomys elator
531:Dipodomys agilis
241:Dipodomys ingens
217:Dipodomys elator
193:Dipodomys agilis
150:
66:
65:
52:
32:
31:
2161:
2160:
2154:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2149:
2148:
2119:
2118:
2117:
2112:
2104:
2102:
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2089:
2081:
2076:
2068:
2063:
2055:
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2042:
2037:
2029:
2024:
2016:
2011:
2003:
1998:
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1972:
1964:
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1946:
1938:
1933:
1924:
1923:
1918:
1909:
1908:
1903:
1890:
1880:
1875:
1864:
1839:(Kangaroo mice)
1838:
1837:
1835:
1825:
1648:(Kangaroo rats)
1647:
1646:
1644:
1634:
1596:
1585:
1533:
1530:
1512:
1483:
1482:
1467:10.2307/2425723
1451:
1444:
1429:10.2307/1940579
1413:
1404:
1369:
1360:
1351:
1347:
1332:10.2307/2265821
1314:
1305:
1290:10.2307/1941473
1274:
1265:
1220:
1216:
1207:
1205:
1175:
1171:
1144:
1133:
1118:10.2307/1942205
1098:
1087:
1071:10.2307/3504290
1054:Dipodomys ordii
1048:
1044:
1029:10.2307/1936601
1011:
1002:
993:
991:
974:
973:
966:
957:
955:
941:
937:
928:
926:
910:
909:
905:
893:
892:
883:
882:
876:
874:
865:"Kangaroo Rats"
861:
834:
809:
798:
779:
775:
770:
746:– an unrelated
697:
635:Dipodomys ordii
516:
499:
485:
476:
448:
435:
429:kangaroo rats.
425:in the kidney.
396:
391:
379:
358:
319:, small mostly
304:
298:
292:
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271:Dipodomys ordii
268:
262:
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250:
244:
238:
232:
226:
220:
214:
208:
202:
196:
178:
172:
149:
60:
43:
36:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2159:
2158:
2147:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2110:
2100:
2087:
2074:
2061:
2048:
2035:
2022:
2009:
1996:
1983:
1970:
1957:
1944:
1931:
1916:
1900:
1898:
1892:
1891:
1877:
1876:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1863:
1862:
1854:
1845:
1843:
1827:
1826:
1824:
1823:
1815:
1807:
1799:
1791:
1783:
1775:
1767:
1759:
1751:
1743:
1735:
1727:
1719:
1711:
1703:
1695:
1687:
1679:
1671:
1663:
1654:
1652:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1632:
1626:
1620:
1614:
1608:
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1528:External links
1526:
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1461:(1): 211–213.
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1423:(3): 771–777.
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1383:(2): 377–388.
1358:
1345:
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1263:
1214:
1189:(4): 773–781.
1169:
1131:
1112:(2): 111–127.
1085:
1042:
1023:(4): 657–665.
1000:
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903:
894:|website=
832:
796:
793:(46): 521–522.
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734:Kangaroo mouse
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465:in Bakersfield
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2023:
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1984:
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1123:
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1111:
1107:
1103:
1096:
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1090:
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1072:
1067:
1064:(353): 1–10.
1063:
1062:
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1046:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1017:
1009:
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990:on 2014-03-26
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829:
825:
821:
819:
816:Merriami and
815:
807:
805:
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801:
792:
788:
784:
777:
773:
762:
758:
755:
753:
749:
745:
742:
739:
735:
732:
729:
725:
724:Jumping mouse
722:
719:
715:
712:
710:
706:
702:
701:Hopping mouse
699:
698:
685:
684:
680:
677:
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494:
491:
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474:Burrow system
471:
464:
460:
456:
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443:
439:
430:
426:
424:
420:
415:
411:
409:
407:
402:
401:type locality
386:
384:
374:
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368:
363:
353:
351:
347:
343:
342:independently
339:
335:
334:North America
331:
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322:
318:
317:Kangaroo rats
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83:
80:
79:
76:
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70:
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59:
55:
51:
46:
41:
35:Kangaroo rats
33:
30:
26:
22:
2134:Heteromyidae
1895:
1870:
1858:
1850:
1830:
1819:
1811:
1803:
1795:
1787:
1779:
1771:
1763:
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1731:
1723:
1715:
1707:
1699:
1691:
1683:
1675:
1667:
1659:
1640:
1639:
1593:Dipodomyinae
1589:Heteromyidae
1534:
1500:
1496:Wilson, D.E.
1488:Patton, J.L.
1458:
1454:
1420:
1416:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1348:
1323:
1317:
1281:
1277:
1231:
1227:
1217:
1206:. Retrieved
1186:
1182:
1172:
1152:
1148:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1059:
1053:
1045:
1020:
1014:
992:. Retrieved
988:the original
979:
956:. Retrieved
948:
938:
927:. Retrieved
919:
913:
906:
875:. Retrieved
869:
827:
823:
817:
813:
790:
786:
776:
759:– a similar
716:– a similar
703:– a similar
681:
673:
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486:
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359:
350:hopping mice
328:
327:
316:
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263:
257:
251:
245:
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227:
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215:
209:
203:
197:
191:
190:
167:
161:Type species
145:
144:
135:Dipodomyinae
125:Heteromyidae
29:
2013:iNaturalist
1920:Wikispecies
1591:(subfamily
752:convergence
503:promiscuous
419:aquaporin 1
356:Description
131:Subfamily:
2123:Categories
1630:Geomyoidea
1552:ARKive.org
1208:2020-01-06
994:2014-03-26
958:2014-03-26
929:2014-03-26
877:2019-12-24
768:References
757:Springhare
738:heteromyid
377:Locomotion
175:J. E. Gray
152:J. E. Gray
2129:Dipodomys
1940:Dipodomys
1926:Dipodomys
1896:Dipodomys
1641:Dipodomys
1604:Kingdom:
1165:902701222
896:ignored (
886:cite book
820:Stephens"
748:marsupial
461:) at the
383:bipedally
329:Dipodomys
326:of genus
321:nocturnal
146:Dipodomys
81:Kingdom:
75:Eukaryota
2057:12700003
1905:Wikidata
1872:Category
1624:Rodentia
1618:Mammalia
1612:Chordata
1610:Phylum:
1606:Animalia
1520:62265494
1490:(2005).
1397:86370238
1258:22237592
1203:10648219
695:See also
514:Taxonomy
446:Behavior
406:D. ordii
346:dipodids
338:kangaroo
121:Family:
115:Rodentia
105:Mammalia
95:Chordata
91:Phylum:
85:Animalia
71:Domain:
42:– Recent
40:Pliocene
2106:8328098
2031:1396142
2005:2439509
1911:Q120094
1622:Order:
1616:Class:
1475:2425723
1437:1940579
1417:Ecology
1340:2265821
1319:Ecology
1298:1941473
1278:Ecology
1249:3774486
1126:1942205
1080:3504290
1037:1936601
1016:Ecology
761:pedetid
744:Kultarr
728:dipodid
718:dipodid
408:priscus
389:Ecology
324:rodents
184:Species
141:Genus:
111:Order:
101:Class:
2103:uBio:
2083:342249
2044:180232
1992:1DPDMG
1518:
1508:
1473:
1435:
1395:
1338:
1296:
1256:
1246:
1201:
1163:
1124:
1078:
1035:
714:Jerboa
177:, 1841
154:, 1841
2096:41678
2070:10016
2026:IRMNG
2018:44098
1979:14120
1953:73570
1494:. In
1471:JSTOR
1433:JSTOR
1393:S2CID
1336:JSTOR
1294:JSTOR
1122:JSTOR
1076:JSTOR
1033:JSTOR
705:murid
2065:NCBI
2039:ITIS
2000:GBIF
1987:EPPO
1966:46G4
1948:BOLD
1516:OCLC
1506:ISBN
1375:)".
1254:PMID
1199:PMID
1161:OCLC
898:help
348:and
2052:MSW
1974:EoL
1961:CoL
1935:ADW
1539:at
1463:doi
1459:117
1425:doi
1385:doi
1328:doi
1286:doi
1244:PMC
1236:doi
1232:302
1191:doi
1187:203
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1066:doi
1025:doi
403:of
352:).
23:or
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1989::
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1963::
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27:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
