166:
177:, which bunker partner Artur Kittus said was considered by his comrades as the Republic of Estonia. Contemporaneous Soviet documents frequently mentioned Arro and his comrades and was part of the narrative that branded their struggle as Estonian bandit activity. In an account, he was cited as part of the group who encountered a Soviet raiding on 24 September 1949. In this report, his name was crossed out as one of the casualties. Witnesses, however, stated that he broke through the siege and the report crossed his name out in the attempt to cover failure.
226:, where he was honored with a memorial. Little is known about Arro and other partisans because Soviet authorities suppressed discussions of the resistance. Those who sympathized with the Forest Brothers were repressed and deported.
207:
There are varying reports as to the year of his death with some citing 1976 and 1978. Although most
Estonian accounts give the date as 2 July 1974. An account stated that he exchanged fire with
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Arro was shot dead in the summer of 1974 by Soviet authorities during an exchange of gunfire. There is some confusion about precisely where Arro was killed. Some sources state it was in
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Arro and fellow partisans hid in bunkers in southern
Estonian forests. One of these was the Hallipalu bunker in
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infiltrated the Forest
Brothers. He was one of the last remaining Forest Brothers along with partisan
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The Baltic States: The
National Self-Determination of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania
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in the struggle against Soviet authority. He is noted for disguising himself as a
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247:"Eesti Vabadusvõitlejatele püstitatud mälestussammaste avamiselt aastal 2003"
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International Law: Theory and
Practice : Essays in Honour of Eric Suy
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agents sometime during the decline of their guerrilla resistance after
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184:. Other sources state that it was in Valgjärve Parish (present-day
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Everything Is
Wonderful: Memories of a Collective Farm in Estonia
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A memorial to the
Estonian partisans who died in Võru County.
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The Power of
Freedom - Central and Eastern Europe after 1945
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War in the Woods: Estonia's
Struggle for Survival, 1944-1956
141:, a group of resistance fighters who hid in the forests of
424:
Savage
Continent: Europe in the Aftermath of World War II
366:"Raadil pühitseti mälestuskivi eelviimasele metsavennale"
208:
701:
People shot dead by law enforcement officers in Estonia
638:. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. 65.
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states that Arro's death took place in the village of
531:. Brussels: Centre for European Studies. p. 83.
475:"Eerik-Niiles Kross: metsavendade sõda kestab edasi"
401:. Washington, D.C.: The Compass Press. p. 188.
309:
Along the Amber Route: From St. Petersburg to Venice
339:. Bucks, England: Bradt Travel Guides. p. 25.
504:The Last Empire: Nationality and the Soviet Future
657:
585:. Hampshire: Macmillan Press Ltd. p. 111.
426:. St. Martin's Publishing Group. p. 357.
279:"Viimased metsavennad raiuti lõpuks graniiti"
311:. Inverness, Scotland: Sandstone Press Ltd.
633:
241:
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554:"Erik Arro: Kommunistid, astuge tagasi!"
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125:(17 July 1915 – 2 June 1974) was an
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634:Suy, Eric; Wellens, Karel (1998).
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277:Kaasik, Maris S. (7 July 2009).
691:Estonian independence activists
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157:for 30 years to evade capture.
610:. Open Road + Grove/Atlantic.
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375:(in Estonian). 16 October 2007
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16:Estonian anti-Soviet partisan
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131:Soviet occupation of Estonia
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552:Arro, Erik (19 May 2006).
196:. Politician and diplomat
696:Burials at Raadi cemetery
676:People from Kanepi Parish
502:Conquest, Robert (2017).
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681:Estonian anti-communists
606:Rausing, Sigrid (2014).
371:Eesti Rahvusringhääling
307:SchĂĽler, C. J. (2020).
581:Smith, Graham (1996).
204:in Valgjärve Parish.
170:
47:Governorate of Livonia
335:Taylor, Neil (2010).
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133:. He was part of the
100:Värdi, Jakob, Lihunik
422:Lowe, Keith (2012).
224:Tartu Raadi Cemetery
129:partisan during the
527:Laar, Mart (2010).
454:(in Estonian). 2013
255:(in Estonian). 2002
222:Arro was buried at
77:Cause of death
559:Delfi (web portal)
198:Eerik-Niiles Kross
171:
686:Soviet dissidents
617:978-0-8021-9281-3
592:978-0-333-66580-0
538:978-9949-18-858-1
513:978-0-8179-8253-9
448:"Liiva-Karilatsi"
433:978-1-250-01504-4
397:Laar, M. (1992).
346:978-1-84162-320-7
318:978-1-912240-92-0
135:Forest Brothers (
123:Kalev Gustav Arro
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113:Years active
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217:August Sabbe
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190:Põlva County
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175:Põlva County
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122:
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63:(1974-06-02)
39:15 July 1915
671:1974 deaths
666:1915 births
137:Metsavennad
87:Nationality
61:2 June 1974
660:Categories
566:26 January
487:26 January
458:26 January
379:26 January
289:26 January
259:26 January
230:References
213:Kim Philby
105:Occupation
35:1915-07-15
23:Kalev Arro
480:Postimees
283:LounaLeht
161:Biography
151:Lithuania
116:1944–1974
71:, Estonia
452:Postitee
202:Kooraste
127:Estonian
108:Partisan
91:Estonian
337:Estonia
194:Saverna
192:, near
182:Võrumaa
155:vagrant
143:Estonia
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149:, and
147:Latvia
373:(ERR)
640:ISBN
612:ISBN
587:ISBN
568:2022
533:ISBN
508:ISBN
489:2022
460:2022
428:ISBN
403:ISBN
381:2022
341:ISBN
313:ISBN
291:2022
261:2022
58:Died
29:Born
209:KGB
188:),
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
