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270:(Cu) is distinguished from all other heavy metals studied by not exceeding the target (100 ppm) in any of the researched deposits, but in Käina Bay, the concentration of Cu was the lowest – 9 ppm on average. In the case of the other studied heavy metals (Sr, Ni, Cr), in general, the lowest concentrations of heavy metals are in Käina Bay. It was determined that sediments are most mineral in Käina Bay (an average of 6.5% of organic matter of dry matter).
238:, where a number of restrictions (for example, on the use of boat motors) have been imposed. The lithological composition of the mud was studied with thermogravimetric analysis (concentration of organics, mineral matter, and carbonates), and the ED-XRF method was used to determine the concentration of metals (Cu, Cr, Sr, Pb, Cd, Zn, Ni).
257:
lake) analyzed
Estonian mineral mud deposits – on average, it contains 91.4% of minerals, 6.5% of organic matter, and 3.7% of carbonates. Within the same deposit, the composition of sediments is fairly similar. Outside the boundaries of the deposit, however, there is larger spatial variability. The
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deposits in the island. Deposits have been characterized in detail and the conception of economical use of mineral resources of
Hiiumaa Island concluded that the reserves of the above-mentioned mineral resources meet the needs of Hiiumaa county as a small island. At the present extraction level the
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Several studies on geology and natural conditions have been implemented in Käina deposit. Radioactive studies were carried out in the first half of the 20th century. In 1922, M. Kand and F. Dreyer studied the radioactivity of the curative mud, which at that time was considered to be the main factor
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studied sea mud in
Hiiumaa Island. Käina Bay mud was found to be the largest curative mud reserve in Hiiumaa, at the Bay's southern site mud deposit averaged several square kilometers forming a 0,5 - 1,0 meters thick deposit. In the 1960s, E.Türi determined the thickness of mud and analyzed it
135:. In accordance to the Earth's Crust Act sea mud is a mineral resource in Estonia. Käina seamud deposit is one of 3 national seamud deposits in Estonia. The active reserve of the Käina seamud deposit in December, 2018 was 273,8 thousand tons and passive reserve 1 546,0 thousand tons.
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In 1998, the
Geological Survey of Estonia prepared an investigation report by Kalle Suuroja and Ene Kadastik, which gives a short review of the mineral resources (sand, gravel, clay, limestone, curative mud, mineral water) of
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reserves and quality in Käina Bay. The latest thorough studies date back to 1997 when the reserves in several curative mud deposits in
Estonia were studied.
262:(Pb) concentrations among five deposits were detected in Käina Bay, where values do not exceed 20 ppm. In all points of the Käina Bay, the concentration of
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causing the therapeutic effect. The radioactivity of the mud in Käina Bay has measured 6.9 Mache units. In his monograph, published in 1947,
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According to the study on curative mud in
Estonia, carried out by the Centre of Excellence in Health Promotion and Rehabilitation (
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Käina seamud deposit consists of the active and passive reserves, which is divided into 6 blocks. Excavation of sea mud (
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173:. In 1963, the Central Institute of Spa and Physiotherapy carried out complex researches on curative mud. In 1985, the
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can be considered the ecologically cleanest in
Estonia. That is understandable, as the bay is located in the
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Healthcare: Mud wraps, Quasi drugs, Fangotherapies, Therapeutic treatments, Ingredient extraction
503:"The conception of economical use of mineral resources of Hiiumaa Island. Investigation report"
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also mentions the radioactivity of fresh mud 6.9 Mache units and stood mud at 2.1 Mache units.
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lasting of these resources of
Hiiumaa Island is guaranteed for more than a hundred years.
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Geology
Administration conducted a comprehensive study for the purposes of determining
230:) in 2013–2014, on the basis of a low concentration of heavy metals, the sediments in
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Skincare: Face masks, Hair masks, Shampoos, Soaps, Body masks, Water toners, Lotions
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Käina Bay contains the most mineral sediments out of all five (Käina Bay,
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In 1957–1959, the
Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine of the
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and Käina II seamud open cast mine, covering three active blocks area.
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189:(County) and the recommendation for economical using of these 28
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The Centre of Excellence in Health Promotion and Rehabilitation
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482:"Estonian Mineral Resources Consolidated Balance Sheet 2018"
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Centre of Excellence in Health Promotion and Rehabilitation
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Spa/Wellness: Beauty masks, Pelotherapies, Medical masks
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Tervisedenduse ja Rehabilitatsiooni Kompetentsikeskus
286:limited management zone, which consists of Käina
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542:"Curative mud in Estonia 2013-2014: Käina Bay"
236:Käina Bay-Kassari Landscape Conservation Area
119:) is a national mineral resource deposit in
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104:Käina seamud deposit area in Käina Bay
94:Shear Strength: 1 000 – 3 500 dyn/cm3
92:Viscosity: 55 000 – 100 000 mPa*s
89:Density: 1,24 – 1,42 g/cm3
266:(Zn) is within the norms – 80 ppm.
13:
443:"Üleriigilise tähtsusega maardlad"
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127:, located in the western part of
83:Zeta potential: -0.7 – -9.5 mV
450:Environmental Investment Centre
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567:Republic of Estonia Land Board
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521:"Publications on curative mud"
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468:Riigi Teataja (State Gazette)
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563:"Land information X-GIS (2)"
507:Geological Survey of Estonia
86:Humidity: 65 – 75 %
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45:Hiiu County, Orjaku village
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16:Seamud deposit in Estonia
73:Agriculture: Fertilizers
596:58.801392°N 22.773128°E
294:Extraction permit area
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117:Käina meremudamaardla
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601:58.801392; 22.773128
109:Käina seamud deposit
23:Käina seamud deposit
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489:Maa-amet Geoportaal
464:"Earth's Crust Act"
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162:Academy of Sciences
81:pH: 6.7 – 7.2
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470:. January 1, 2020.
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633:Hiiu County
599: /
304:(hectares)
218:Composition
149: [
125:Hiiu County
622:Categories
605: (
586:22°46′23″E
583:58°48′05″N
429:References
399:1 388 000
58:Production
316:(meters)
253:Bay, and
232:Käina Bay
203:limestone
129:Käina Bay
422:Passive
416:156 000
405:Passive
388:Passive
365:126 000
274:Division
243:Haapsalu
224:Estonian
152:Wikidata
113:Estonian
63:Products
42:Location
37:Location
569:. 2020.
551:. 2017.
530:. 2015.
509:. 1998.
376:Fourth
371:Active
354:Active
348:60 986
342:Second
337:Active
331:86 796
310:(tons)
308:Amount
258:lowest
255:Ermistu
164:of the
139:Studies
121:Estonia
53:Estonia
50:Country
410:Sixth
396:83,49
393:Fifth
382:2 000
362:11,28
359:Third
325:First
314:Depth
299:Block
284:Orjaku
280:peloid
268:Copper
247:Värska
209:and 1
207:seamud
195:gravel
545:(PDF)
524:(PDF)
485:(PDF)
446:(PDF)
413:28,2
379:0,35
328:4,93
320:Type
302:Size
249:Bay,
155:]
419:0,4
402:1,2
385:0,4
368:0,8
351:0,7
345:6,2
334:1,2
264:zinc
260:lead
205:, 1
201:, 6
199:clay
197:, 6
193:and
191:sand
175:ESSR
166:ESSR
78:Type
624::
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111:(
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