324:
Economics, while Arts students must take up at least one
Science-based subject, usually Mathematics. This was in contrast to the old curriculum which was criticised for being too specialised and unholistic. For example, subjects previously not available to Arts/Humanities students such as Physics, Chemistry and Biology are now made possible at both H1 and H2 levels, while Science students now have more choice of doing an Arts/Humanities subject (such as Literature) at either H1 or H2 level. Alternatively, students can choose to take up a new subject, Knowledge & Inquiry, in lieu of the General Paper (GP) as a contrasting subject, as Knowledge & Inquiry (KI) is designed to expose students to
292:
Inquiry. However, there have been exceptions; a very small number of outstanding students have been granted approval by MOE to take 13 AUs. Students who have taken the Higher Mother Tongue language paper at the O-level and have obtained a minimum grade of 'D7' are exempted from taking formal MTL lessons and examinations in JC1. However, they are still required to attend MTL-related enrichment and cannot replace the MTL academic unit with another subject, as MTL is still regarded as an integral component of the curriculum.
1219:
347:
246:
333:
as the HSSRP and A*Star
Research Programmes) or (advanced) University Modules offered by the various local Universities which are approved by the MOE. Consequently, students are able to gain extra credits and skip several modules in the University with the H3 paper done with their other GCE A-level subjects. However, in order to do an H3 subject, students must be offering the corresponding subject at H2 level. H3 subjects are not offered in Millennia Institute.
3060:
3070:
136:
1276:
allowance of S$ 750 per annum. This also includes scholarships for students pursuing specific programmes such as the
Humanities Scholarship, Art Elective Scholarship, Music Elective Scholarship, and others. They typically provide scholarship allowances of S$ 1000 per annum in addition to a remission of school fees, subject to an annual cap of S$ 2400.
1021:, Theatre Studies and Drama, Computing, Higher Chinese, Chinese (A-level) Language Elective Programme, Music (A-level), Music with Higher Music (A-Level) taken by students in the Music Elective Programme, General Studies in Chinese, French, German, Japanese (A-level), Malay (A-level), Tamil (A-level). Project Work was also made compulsory from 2003.
212:(IB), or an equivalent examination, after 6 years. Depending on which IP school they enter, the student may either study for 6 years within the same school which functions as both a secondary school and junior college, or study for 4 years in a secondary school before moving to a separate but affiliated junior college for the next 2 years.
328:
as well as to the construction and nature of knowledge, thus calling for the need to learn across disciplines such as
Mathematics, the Sciences and the Humanities. KI is said to be similar to the IB Diploma's Theory of Knowledge paper, albeit with a 2500-3000-word Independent Study research paper, in
71:" (1st language and 5 relevant content subjects) in the examination. Lower aggregate is considered better, i e. 7 aggregate score is better than aggregate score 10. Bonus points (e.g. co-curricular activities etc) are also deducted from this proscore to come up with the final score for the admission.
1082:
examination or equivalent. Every student under the
Humanities Programme must offer H2 English Literature as a core subject, and offer two other Humanities subjects, as well as one contrasting subject. Singaporean students under the programme are eligible for the Humanities Scholarship offered by the
1024:
To gain admittance to local universities, students must pass either
General Paper (GP) or Knowledge & Inquiry (KI) and obtain a minimum grade of S for the "AO" or "H1" level Mother Tongue Language paper. The grade obtained for the Higher Mother Tongue paper taken at "O" level may be used in lieu
332:
The "highest" level subjects, the H3 subjects, are meant to be more pragmatic and promote critical thinking unlike the previous "S" Papers. Under the revised curriculum, H3 subjects are examined either in the form of
Research Papers (be it by Cambridge, or by local Universities), Research work (such
310:
For
History, students taking the subject at H1 level will only sit for Paper 1 (International History from 1945β2000), while students taking the subject at H2 level will sit for a similar Paper 1 (International History from 1945β2000) in addition to having to sit for Paper 2 (Southeast Asian History
164:
examination. The term L1R5 refers to the aggregate scores attained from the individual subject grades of a first language and five relevant content subjects in the examination. A raw L1R5 score of 20 points or less must be attained for a student to gain admission to a junior college. Lower aggregate
1271:
Singaporean students who are attending independent junior colleges qualify for the
Edusave scholarships for Independent Schools (ESIS) at the Pre-University 1 level, if they had not already been awarded it at Secondary 1 or Secondary 3. These are usually awarded to students whose score falls within
319:
As such, an H1 paper can theoretically be said to be half of the content of an H2 paper albeit being at equal depth and difficulty (as opposed to how "AO" level subjects were merely easier papers than the A-level subjects previously). Consequently, this new grouping system bears some resemblance to
287:
From
January 2006, the two-year and three-year university curriculum framework in pre-university centres was replaced with a new and revised curriculum, with the pioneer batch of students sitting for the GCE A-level examinations in 2007. In this newly enforced curriculum, the system of categorising
1275:
There are also a number of MOE pre-university scholarships awarded to academically able students who choose to pursue their education at a junior college, providing yearly scholarship allowance and remission of school fees. This includes the Pre-University Scholarship, which provides a scholarship
147:
In the past, there used to be two intakes, namely the Provisional Admission Exercise (PAE) and the Joint Admissions Exercise (JAE). However, from the 2009 academic year onwards, a single intake system is being implemented with the O-level examinations being brought forward to minimise movement and
1267:
For Singaporean students in need attending non-independent junior colleges, they are able to apply for the MOE Financial Assistance Scheme (FAS), where their school fees are subsidised depending on their household's monthly gross income and their monthly per capita income. Similarly, Singaporean
291:
H1 and H3 subjects are worth 1 Academic Unit (AU), while H2 subjects are worth 2 AUs. Students are expected to take a minimum of 10 AUs (viz. 3H2+1H1) and a maximum of 12 AUs (viz. 4H2+1H3 or 3H2+2H3), inclusive of Mother Tongue Language (MTL), Project Work and General Paper or Knowledge &
1038:
The Humanities Programme is a pre-university programme under the Ministry of Education offered at junior colleges and integrated programme schools. Formerly the Promsho programme (pre-university cum overseas undergraduate scholarship for the study of humanities at Oxbridge), the programme was
314:
Students taking the Science subjects Physics, Chemistry or Biology at H1 will only sit for the Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQ) and one written paper, while students taking these subjects at H2 level will be required to take an additional written paper with longer structured questions, and the
220:
The Direct School Admission (DSA) exercise is an annual standardised discretionary admission programmes, which students apply directly to the various colleges for placement on the basis of talent which can range from the academic to the cultural and performing arts to sports. Upon acceptance,
323:
The new curriculum framework gives students more choice of subjects to choose from and enables more permutations of subject combinations. However, students are now required to take up at least one contrasting subject - i.e. Science students have to take up at least one Arts subject, usually
79:
The junior college system was first introduced at the end of the 1960s as a standardisation of all pre-university courses offered by various high schools in Singapore. It aims to offer a challenging environment for students to develop their talents, both academically and non-academically.
101:
announced that the centralised "junior college" system would replace the pre-university education that are formerly conducted at various middle schools across the state, in order to optimise the use of teachers and laboratory facilities and open up more educational opportunities for
1268:
students who attend independent junior colleges and require financial assistance can apply for the MOE Independent School Bursary (ISB), as well as the UPLIFT Scholarship, depending on their household's monthly gross income and their monthly per capita income.
1025:
of an "AO" or "H1" level Mother Tongue Language grade. Since 2008, the scores of a student's three H2 and one H1 subject are computed inclusive of Project Work (PW) and either GP or KI for admittance into local universities (namely NUS, NTU, SMU and SUSS).
128:
was appointed to oversee the project, estimated to cost S$ 2.2 million of which half of the total funds is to be funded by SCCCI. In 1974, Hwa Chong Junior College was officially inaugurated as the first government-aided junior college in Singapore.
298:
In tandem with the MOE's aim of achieving more depth rather than mere breadth, the H1 and H2 categories complement each other; in general, a subject taken at H1 is half the breadth of that taken at H2, but is of the same depth and difficulty.
221:
students will be automatically admitted to the college irrespective of the year's JAE cut-off score, although students will still have to meet the minimum criterion of scoring an L1R5 of below 20 points for entrance into a junior college.
1099:. It aims to deepen the field of study of the use of Chinese Language and understanding of contemporary and traditional Chinese literary texts and works. Currently, five junior colleges offer the Chinese Language Elective Programme:
306:
students studying Mathematics at H1 will study fewer Pure Mathematics topics (which are largely Physics-related) than those studying Mathematics at H2, but will still face the same depth and difficulty in similar topics (such as
165:
is considered better, i e. 7 aggregate score is better than aggregate score 10. There are two ways to be admitted into a junior college: either through the traditional Joint Admissions Exercise (JAE) or through the less common
3025:
1012:
Previously, students took two subjects at "Alternative Ordinary" level ("AO" level), namely their General Paper (GP) and Mother Tongue, and three or four subjects at "A" level. "A" level subjects include
288:
subjects according to "Alternative Ordinary (AO)", "Advanced (A)" and "Special (S)" papers or levels has been replaced with the Higher 1 (H1), Higher 2 (H2) and Higher 3 (H3) categories respectively.
3035:
1279:
Additionally, there are several awards and bursaries awarded to junior college students for their good character, leadership qualities, and improvement in academic performance, among others.
987:(NUS), NUS Science Research Programme (NUS H3 SRP), H3-STaR Science Research Programme (only offered to students of NJC), H3 NAV Science Research Programme (only offered to students of VJC).
63:, Anglo-Chinese School, School of the Arts, Singapore Sports School, and St. Josephβs Institution). Admission to Junior college is based on the aggregate raw score of 20 points or less in
3030:
1181:
The Music Elective Programme (MEP) in junior colleges is offered as a two-year programme to junior college students with the aptitude and passion for music. It is offered in
2999:
1264:
6 and up to S$ 27 per month for miscellaneous fees. However, independent junior colleges require Singaporean students to pay fees from about S$ 300 to S$ 600 per month.
1669:
1017:, Mathematics, Further Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, English Literature, History, Geography, Art, Art with Higher Art (A-level) taken by students in the
132:
With the graduation of the last batch of pre-university classes from various high schools, pre-university courses were officially ceased at all high schools by 1975.
1161:
The Art Elective Programme in junior colleges is offered as a two-year programme to junior college students with the aptitude and passion for art. It is offered in
2984:
2459:
1433:
1589:
329:
addition to a sit-in examination paper. Due to its intensive nature, KI is classified as an H2 subject instead of an H1 subject like the General Paper (GP).
1039:
formally introduced in Hwa Chong Junior College and Raffles Junior College in 1981. The programme is currently offered in the following junior colleges:
200:
The Integrated Programme (IP) is a 6-year programme that allows students who perform well in the Primary School Leaving Examination (PSLE) to skip the
117:
1272:
the 95th percentile from the O-levels or who meet the cut-off score for the ESIS and are admitted to an independent junior college through the DSA.
2341:
1153:. Singaporean students under the programme are eligible for the Tamil Language Elective Scholarship (TLES) offered by the Ministry of Education.
1142:. Singaporean students under the programme are eligible for the Malay Language Elective Scholarship (MLES) offered by the Ministry of Education.
1695:
1119:. Singaporean students under the programme are eligible for the Chinese Language Elective Scholarship offered by the Ministry of Education.
2701:
2495:
157:
68:
2413:
1727:
1514:
1205:. Singaporean students under the programme are eligible for the Music Elective Scholarship (MES) offered by the Ministry of Education.
1173:. Singaporean students under the programme are eligible for the Music Elective Scholarship (MES) offered by the Ministry of Education.
295:
From 2026, PW and the fourth content-based subject (H1 or H2) will not be counted in the calculation of University Admission Score.
2546:
1829:
2974:
2314:
1377:
21:
This article is about the class of pre-university institutions in Singapore. For the larger class of instutitions that includes
2515:
2510:
2444:
2376:
2207:
1929:
1079:
235:
205:
201:
178:
161:
94:, was the first specialised co-educational government school established in independent Singapore for pre-university students.
64:
40:
3099:
2949:
2474:
1778:
1489:
2505:
2366:
2334:
2257:
2994:
2079:
1407:
209:
125:
52:
2663:
2587:
2536:
2500:
2391:
1186:
1044:
182:
2668:
2408:
1752:
1472:
1441:
1146:
56:
2232:
143:
was a transitional period of three months in junior colleges that allowed students to have an experience of JC life.
2582:
2398:
2371:
1135:
1006:
998:
984:
190:
2182:
1597:
3094:
2694:
2645:
2607:
2602:
2327:
1240:
1002:
368:
267:
2784:
2621:
2464:
140:
2567:
2282:
1123:
1108:
90:
in May 1965, terming it as a "super secondary boarding school". The first junior college, subsequently named
2403:
2989:
2894:
2358:
1182:
1139:
1040:
44:
2597:
2592:
2520:
1352:
107:
84:
1670:"Fourth content-based A-level subject to be dropped from university admission score | The Straits Times"
1644:
120:(SCCCI) collaborated with the Singapore government to fund the establishment of two junior colleges. Mr
2687:
1804:
1260:
Singaporean students in most junior colleges and centralised institutes pay subsidised school fees of
2944:
2909:
2864:
1231:
359:
258:
1236:
364:
263:
2834:
2829:
2724:
2716:
2577:
2541:
1092:
2954:
2929:
2844:
2824:
2774:
2744:
2734:
2551:
2469:
2434:
1170:
1150:
1127:
1072:
1060:
1048:
166:
91:
60:
48:
3040:
2919:
2914:
2794:
2629:
2454:
2418:
2350:
2157:
1202:
1166:
1116:
1112:
1096:
1068:
1018:
186:
2934:
2889:
2869:
2859:
2759:
2572:
2104:
1194:
1162:
1104:
1056:
1052:
1145:
The Tamil Language Elective Programme (TLEP) was introduced in 2020 at two junior colleges:
2959:
2874:
2854:
2739:
2729:
2449:
8:
3014:
3004:
2939:
2904:
2839:
2819:
2809:
2769:
2754:
2749:
2054:
1198:
1131:
1064:
388:
The subjects offered under the current Singapore-Cambridge GCE A-level Examinations are:
3045:
2964:
2924:
2899:
2879:
2814:
2789:
2779:
2764:
2315:
Guide to Resources on Singapore's Education System in the National Library of Singapore
1301:
1190:
1100:
181:
result holders to gain admission to post-secondary institutes, namely junior colleges,
22:
1619:
1122:
The Malay Language Elective Programme (MLEP) was introduced in 2001. It is offered at
3069:
2884:
2849:
2804:
2799:
1468:
1385:
1078:
Applicants for the Humanities Programme must attain at least a B3 in English for the
1904:
1261:
2650:
121:
1324:
2029:
204:(O-level) examination, and proceed directly to a Junior College to sit for the
103:
26:
83:
The educational blueprint of a junior college system was first made public by
3088:
3063:
98:
2479:
1954:
1879:
1854:
325:
110:
87:
2004:
1979:
1539:
1218:
797:
Academic Subjects Examined by Singapore Examinations and Assessment Board
346:
245:
3073:
2319:
1091:
The Chinese Language Elective Programme (CLEP) was introduced in 1990 in
315:
School-based Science Practical Assessment (SPA) or Practical examination.
1564:
1208:
1014:
320:
the International Baccalaureate Diploma A1/A2/SL/HL grouping system.
36:
2679:
124:, a prominent businessman and the managing director of the board of
39:
that offer two-year pre-university courses that leads to either the
1465:
And they called us car park attendants : Singapore's first JC
148:
excessive administration work involved in the two-intake system.
106:
students. National Junior College was officially declared open by
2439:
1855:"Chinese Language Elective Programme at the Pre-University Level"
1645:"Direct School Admission for junior colleges (DSA-JC): Outcomes"
1620:"Direct School Admission for junior colleges (DSA-JC): Overview"
177:
The Joint Admission Exercise (JAE) is an admission exercise for
1955:"Tamil Language Elective Programme at the Pre-University Level"
1880:"Malay Language Elective Programme at the Pre-University Level"
1696:"SEAB - A-Level Syllabuses Examined for School Candidates 2022"
1296:
1292:
2129:
1288:
983:
Humanities and Social Sciences Research Programme (HSSRP) by
135:
1325:"Overview of Post-Secondary Education Institutions (PSEIs)"
16:
Type of pre-university educational institution in Singapore
2309:
1779:"Please Mind the Platform Gap: The Humanities Programme"
1515:"Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew talking with students at β¦"
2460:
Programme for Rebuilding and Improving Existing schools
1009:
also offers several modules such as Molecular Biology.
997:
for Economics students are offered and examined by the
2208:"Edusave scholarships for Independent Schools (ESIS)"
1353:"Joint Admissions Exercise (JAE): Admission criteria"
2258:"Programme-specific scholarships for Pre-University"
2005:"Music Elective Programme (MEP) for junior college"
1434:"Establishment of Singapore's First Junior College"
1209:
School fees, financial assistance, and scholarships
118:Singapore Chinese Chamber of Commerce and Industry
1980:"Art Elective Programme (AEP) for junior college"
1490:"Singapore builds a new step in higher education"
1467:. Singapore: National Junior College. p. 8.
172:
3086:
215:
156:Junior colleges accept students based on their "
2560:
1086:
2055:"Raffles Institution - Fees and Financial Aid"
1408:"Lee plans a super Eton-style boarding school"
97:In December 1965, then-Minister for Education
2695:
2335:
195:
2496:Singapore Examinations and Assessment Board
1700:Singapore Examinations and Assessment Board
1176:
991:"Geopolitics: Geographies of War and Peace"
2702:
2688:
2349:
2342:
2328:
1905:"TLEP β Anderson Serangoon Junior College"
1156:
2130:"School Fees & Financial Assistance"
1426:
1304:, for other equivalent-type institutions
392:Academic Subjects Examined by Cambridge
134:
35:(JC) are pre-university institutions in
1033:
993:for Geography and History students and
3087:
1728:"Humanities Scholarship and Programme"
1291:, an equivalent level of education in
1080:Singapore-Cambridge GCE Ordinary Level
1028:
989:2.University Modules: Modules such as
236:Singapore-Cambridge GCE Advanced Level
224:
206:Singapore-Cambridge GCE Advanced Level
202:Singapore-Cambridge GCE Ordinary Level
179:Singapore-Cambridge GCE Ordinary Level
162:Singapore-Cambridge GCE Ordinary Level
41:Singapore-Cambridge GCE Advanced Level
2709:
2683:
2323:
2152:
2150:
1830:"Chinese Language Elective Programme"
1722:
1720:
1718:
1716:
1347:
1345:
229:
1753:"The teacher who touched many lives"
1462:
1319:
1317:
1212:
340:
336:
239:
160:" aggregate grading attained in the
1930:"Tamil Language Elective Programme"
210:International Baccalaureate Diploma
53:International Baccalaureate Diploma
13:
2664:Early Childhood Development Agency
2588:National Civil Defence Cadet Corps
2501:Primary School Leaving Examination
2147:
2109:Anglo-Chinese School (Independent)
1713:
1582:
1487:
1342:
1187:Anglo-Chinese School (Independent)
1045:Anglo-Chinese School (Independent)
191:institutes of technical education.
14:
3111:
2303:
2283:"Edusave awards and scholarships"
1909:Anderson Serangoon Junior College
1440:. HistorySG. 2014. Archived from
1438:National Library Board, Singapore
1370:
1314:
1147:Anderson Serangoon Junior College
479:English Language and Linguistics
74:
3068:
3059:
3058:
2399:Institute of Technical Education
2310:Ministry of Education, Singapore
2233:"MOE Pre-University Scholarship"
1596:. 21 August 2017. Archived from
1488:W., Campbell (16 January 1968).
1217:
1136:Tampines Meridian Junior College
1007:Nanyang Technological University
999:National University of Singapore
985:National University of Singapore
875:Chinese Language and Literature
467:Chinese Language and Literature
345:
244:
2646:National Physical Fitness Award
2516:Singapore-Cambridge GCE A-Level
2511:Singapore-Cambridge GCE O-Level
2506:Singapore-Cambridge GCE N-Level
2275:
2250:
2225:
2200:
2175:
2122:
2097:
2072:
2047:
2022:
1997:
1972:
1947:
1922:
1897:
1872:
1847:
1822:
1797:
1771:
1745:
1688:
1662:
1637:
1612:
1557:
1003:Singapore Management University
3026:British Indian Ocean Territory
2465:Provisional Admission Exercise
1532:
1507:
1481:
1456:
1400:
939:Tamil Language and Literature
907:Malay Language and Literature
590:Tamil Language and Literature
554:Malay Language and Literature
173:Joint Admission Exercise (JAE)
141:Provisional Admission Exercise
1:
1308:
1124:Jurong Pioneer Junior College
1109:Jurong Pioneer Junior College
216:Direct School Admission (DSA)
151:
3100:Junior colleges in Singapore
1590:"ζζδΊηΉε - γιε£°εθ΅·ζΆγ第6 ι - ε轨η«θ½¦"
1183:Anglo-Chinese Junior College
1140:Yishun Innova Junior College
1087:Language Elective Programmes
1041:Anglo-Chinese Junior College
7:
2603:Singapore Scout Association
2593:National Police Cadet Corps
2547:List of youth organisations
2521:International Baccalaureate
1282:
1230:to comply with Knowledge's
852:General Studies in Chinese
358:to comply with Knowledge's
257:to comply with Knowledge's
10:
3116:
2608:St. John Ambulance Brigade
2445:Gifted Education Programme
2080:"Admissions & Studies"
828:
700:Theatre Studies and Drama
439:
233:
49:following 4 which offer IB
20:
3054:
3013:
2973:
2715:
2659:
2638:
2620:
2529:
2488:
2427:
2357:
1805:"The Hwa Chong Advantage"
922:Not an 'A' Level subject
921:
890:Not an 'A' Level subject
889:
847:Not an 'A' Level subject
846:
832:China Studies in Chinese
823:
712:Mathematics and Sciences
711:
613:
455:China Studies in English
412:
196:Integrated Programme (IP)
2775:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
2542:Singapore Youth Festival
2134:St. Joseph's Institution
2009:Music Elective Programme
1243:may contain suggestions.
1228:may need to be rewritten
1177:Music Elective Programme
1093:Hwa Chong Junior College
614:Humanities and the Arts
371:may contain suggestions.
356:may need to be rewritten
311:from 1900β1997) as well.
270:may contain suggestions.
255:may need to be rewritten
3036:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
2552:Outward Bound Singapore
2470:Special Assistance Plan
2435:Direct School Admission
2409:Autonomous universities
2383:Pre-University Centres
1934:National Junior College
1544:National Junior College
1463:Wong, Moh Keed (2009).
1414:. Singapore. 3 May 1965
1171:National Junior College
1151:National Junior College
1128:National Junior College
1083:Ministry of Education.
1073:Victoria Junior College
1061:National Junior College
1049:Catholic Junior College
208:(A-level) examination,
167:Direct School Admission
126:The Chinese High School
92:National Junior College
3095:Education in Singapore
2630:National Library Board
2537:Co-curricular activity
2392:Centralised Institutes
2351:Education in Singapore
2158:"Financial assistance"
1834:Temasek Junior College
1203:Temasek Junior College
1167:Nanyang Junior College
1157:Art Elective Programme
1117:Temasek Junior College
1113:Nanyang Junior College
1097:Temasek Junior College
1069:Temasek Junior College
1019:Art Elective Programme
951:Translation (Chinese)
673:Literature in English
428:Knowledge and Inquiry
183:centralised institutes
144:
2669:Ministry of Education
2573:Girl Guides Singapore
2414:International schools
2287:Ministry of Education
2262:Ministry of Education
2237:Ministry of Education
2212:Ministry of Education
2187:Ministry of Education
2162:Ministry of Education
2084:Hwa Chong Institution
2034:Ministry of Education
1984:Ministry of Education
1959:Ministry of Education
1884:Ministry of Education
1859:Ministry of Education
1809:Hwa Chong Institution
1732:Ministry of Education
1649:Ministry of Education
1624:Ministry of Education
1569:Hwa Chong Institution
1357:Ministry of Education
1329:Ministry of Education
1195:Eunoia Junior College
1163:Hwa Chong Institution
1105:Hwa Chong Institution
1057:Hwa Chong Institution
1053:Eunoia Junior College
138:
2950:United Arab Emirates
2583:National Cadet Corps
2450:Integrated Programme
2183:"UPLIFT Scholarship"
1674:www.straitstimes.com
1382:nanyangjc.moe.edu.sg
1034:Humanities Programme
981:Research Programmes:
783:Further Mathematics
2977:limited recognition
2455:President's Scholar
2059:Raffles Institution
1444:on 25 November 2014
1199:Raffles Institution
1132:Raffles Institution
1065:Raffles Institution
1029:Elective programmes
798:
393:
225:Academic programmes
1388:on 22 October 2017
1302:Sixth-form college
1191:Dunman High School
1101:Dunman High School
796:
391:
230:A Level curriculum
145:
45:offered by all JCs
23:community colleges
3082:
3081:
3019:other territories
2710:Education in Asia
2677:
2676:
2616:
2615:
2372:Secondary schools
1757:The Straits Times
1600:on 25 August 2017
1494:The Straits Times
1412:The Straits Times
1258:
1257:
1232:quality standards
962:
961:
863:Chinese Language
818:Knowledge Skills
794:
793:
413:Knowledge Skills
386:
385:
360:quality standards
337:Academic Subjects
285:
284:
259:quality standards
55:(IB - offered by
3107:
3072:
3062:
3061:
3031:Christmas Island
2717:Sovereign states
2704:
2697:
2690:
2681:
2680:
2561:Uniformed Groups
2558:
2557:
2344:
2337:
2330:
2321:
2320:
2298:
2297:
2295:
2293:
2279:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2268:
2254:
2248:
2247:
2245:
2243:
2229:
2223:
2222:
2220:
2218:
2204:
2198:
2197:
2195:
2193:
2179:
2173:
2172:
2170:
2168:
2154:
2145:
2144:
2142:
2140:
2126:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2115:
2101:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2076:
2070:
2069:
2067:
2065:
2051:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2026:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2001:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1951:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1940:
1926:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1901:
1895:
1894:
1892:
1890:
1876:
1870:
1869:
1867:
1865:
1851:
1845:
1844:
1842:
1840:
1826:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1815:
1801:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1790:
1775:
1769:
1768:
1766:
1764:
1759:. 8 January 2017
1749:
1743:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1724:
1711:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1692:
1686:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1666:
1660:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1641:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1616:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1586:
1580:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1561:
1555:
1554:
1552:
1550:
1536:
1530:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1511:
1505:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1485:
1479:
1478:
1460:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1430:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1404:
1398:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1384:. Archived from
1374:
1368:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1349:
1340:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1321:
1253:
1250:
1244:
1221:
1213:
799:
795:
394:
390:
381:
378:
372:
349:
341:
280:
277:
271:
248:
240:
113:on 14 May 1970.
3115:
3114:
3110:
3109:
3108:
3106:
3105:
3104:
3085:
3084:
3083:
3078:
3050:
3018:
3009:
2990:Northern Cyprus
2976:
2969:
2711:
2708:
2678:
2673:
2655:
2651:Ten year series
2634:
2612:
2598:Red Cross Youth
2556:
2525:
2484:
2423:
2387:Junior Colleges
2367:Primary schools
2353:
2348:
2306:
2301:
2291:
2289:
2281:
2280:
2276:
2266:
2264:
2256:
2255:
2251:
2241:
2239:
2231:
2230:
2226:
2216:
2214:
2206:
2205:
2201:
2191:
2189:
2181:
2180:
2176:
2166:
2164:
2156:
2155:
2148:
2138:
2136:
2128:
2127:
2123:
2113:
2111:
2103:
2102:
2098:
2088:
2086:
2078:
2077:
2073:
2063:
2061:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2038:
2036:
2028:
2027:
2023:
2013:
2011:
2003:
2002:
1998:
1988:
1986:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1963:
1961:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1938:
1936:
1928:
1927:
1923:
1913:
1911:
1903:
1902:
1898:
1888:
1886:
1878:
1877:
1873:
1863:
1861:
1853:
1852:
1848:
1838:
1836:
1828:
1827:
1823:
1813:
1811:
1803:
1802:
1798:
1788:
1786:
1777:
1776:
1772:
1762:
1760:
1751:
1750:
1746:
1736:
1734:
1726:
1725:
1714:
1704:
1702:
1694:
1693:
1689:
1679:
1677:
1668:
1667:
1663:
1653:
1651:
1643:
1642:
1638:
1628:
1626:
1618:
1617:
1613:
1603:
1601:
1594:video.toggle.sg
1588:
1587:
1583:
1573:
1571:
1563:
1562:
1558:
1548:
1546:
1538:
1537:
1533:
1523:
1521:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1498:
1496:
1486:
1482:
1475:
1461:
1457:
1447:
1445:
1432:
1431:
1427:
1417:
1415:
1406:
1405:
1401:
1391:
1389:
1376:
1375:
1371:
1361:
1359:
1351:
1350:
1343:
1333:
1331:
1323:
1322:
1315:
1311:
1285:
1254:
1248:
1245:
1235:
1222:
1211:
1179:
1159:
1089:
1036:
1031:
988:
978:
971:
964:
927:Tamil Language
895:Malay Language
824:Standard level
382:
376:
373:
363:
350:
339:
281:
275:
272:
262:
249:
238:
232:
227:
218:
198:
175:
154:
122:Tan Keong Choon
77:
61:4 following JCs
33:Junior colleges
30:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3113:
3103:
3102:
3097:
3080:
3079:
3077:
3076:
3066:
3055:
3052:
3051:
3049:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3022:
3020:
3011:
3010:
3008:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2981:
2979:
2971:
2970:
2968:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2721:
2719:
2713:
2712:
2707:
2706:
2699:
2692:
2684:
2675:
2674:
2672:
2671:
2666:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2653:
2648:
2642:
2640:
2636:
2635:
2633:
2632:
2626:
2624:
2618:
2617:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2564:
2562:
2555:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2533:
2531:
2530:Co-curriculars
2527:
2526:
2524:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2492:
2490:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2482:
2477:
2475:Third Language
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2431:
2429:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2395:
2394:
2389:
2381:
2380:
2379:
2369:
2363:
2361:
2355:
2354:
2347:
2346:
2339:
2332:
2324:
2318:
2317:
2312:
2305:
2304:External links
2302:
2300:
2299:
2274:
2249:
2224:
2199:
2174:
2146:
2121:
2096:
2071:
2046:
2021:
1996:
1971:
1946:
1921:
1896:
1871:
1846:
1821:
1796:
1770:
1744:
1712:
1687:
1676:. 1 March 2023
1661:
1636:
1611:
1581:
1556:
1531:
1519:www.nas.gov.sg
1506:
1480:
1473:
1455:
1425:
1399:
1369:
1341:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1306:
1305:
1299:
1284:
1281:
1256:
1255:
1225:
1223:
1216:
1210:
1207:
1178:
1175:
1158:
1155:
1088:
1085:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1005:respectively.
960:
959:
957:
954:
952:
948:
947:
945:
942:
940:
936:
935:
933:
931:
928:
924:
923:
920:
916:
915:
913:
910:
908:
904:
903:
901:
899:
896:
892:
891:
888:
884:
883:
881:
878:
876:
872:
871:
869:
867:
864:
860:
859:
857:
855:
853:
849:
848:
845:
841:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
826:
825:
822:
819:
815:
814:
811:
808:
805:
802:
792:
791:
789:
786:
784:
780:
779:
776:
773:
770:
766:
765:
762:
759:
756:
752:
751:
749:
746:
744:
740:
739:
736:
733:
730:
726:
725:
722:
719:
716:
713:
709:
708:
706:
703:
701:
697:
696:
693:
690:
688:
684:
683:
680:
677:
674:
670:
669:
666:
663:
660:
656:
655:
652:
649:
646:
642:
641:
638:
635:
632:
628:
627:
624:
621:
618:
615:
611:
610:
608:
606:
603:
599:
598:
595:
593:
591:
587:
586:
584:
581:
579:
575:
574:
572:
570:
567:
563:
562:
559:
557:
555:
551:
550:
548:
545:
542:
538:
537:
535:
533:
530:
526:
525:
523:
521:
518:
514:
513:
511:
508:
505:
501:
500:
498:
495:
492:
488:
487:
485:
482:
480:
476:
475:
472:
470:
468:
464:
463:
461:
458:
456:
452:
451:
449:
447:
444:
441:
437:
436:
434:
431:
429:
425:
424:
422:
420:
417:
416:General Paper
414:
410:
409:
406:
403:
400:
397:
384:
383:
353:
351:
344:
338:
335:
317:
316:
312:
308:
283:
282:
252:
250:
243:
234:Main article:
231:
228:
226:
223:
217:
214:
197:
194:
174:
171:
153:
150:
108:Prime Minister
104:pre-university
85:Prime Minister
76:
75:History of JCs
73:
27:junior college
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3112:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3092:
3090:
3075:
3071:
3067:
3065:
3057:
3056:
3053:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3023:
3021:
3016:
3012:
3006:
3003:
3001:
3000:South Ossetia
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2982:
2980:
2978:
2972:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2722:
2720:
2718:
2714:
2705:
2700:
2698:
2693:
2691:
2686:
2685:
2682:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2661:
2658:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2643:
2641:
2637:
2631:
2628:
2627:
2625:
2623:
2619:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2578:Infocomm Club
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2568:Boys' Brigade
2566:
2565:
2563:
2559:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2528:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2487:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2426:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2384:
2382:
2378:
2375:
2374:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2364:
2362:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2345:
2340:
2338:
2333:
2331:
2326:
2325:
2322:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2307:
2288:
2284:
2278:
2263:
2259:
2253:
2238:
2234:
2228:
2213:
2209:
2203:
2188:
2184:
2178:
2163:
2159:
2153:
2151:
2135:
2131:
2125:
2110:
2106:
2105:"School Fees"
2100:
2085:
2081:
2075:
2060:
2056:
2050:
2035:
2031:
2030:"School fees"
2025:
2010:
2006:
2000:
1985:
1981:
1975:
1960:
1956:
1950:
1935:
1931:
1925:
1910:
1906:
1900:
1885:
1881:
1875:
1860:
1856:
1850:
1835:
1831:
1825:
1810:
1806:
1800:
1785:. 3 June 2014
1784:
1783:Raffles Press
1780:
1774:
1758:
1754:
1748:
1733:
1729:
1723:
1721:
1719:
1717:
1701:
1697:
1691:
1675:
1671:
1665:
1650:
1646:
1640:
1625:
1621:
1615:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1585:
1570:
1566:
1560:
1545:
1541:
1535:
1520:
1516:
1510:
1495:
1491:
1484:
1476:
1474:9789810827175
1470:
1466:
1459:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1429:
1413:
1409:
1403:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1378:"Our History"
1373:
1358:
1354:
1348:
1346:
1330:
1326:
1320:
1318:
1313:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1280:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1263:
1252:
1242:
1238:
1233:
1229:
1226:This section
1224:
1220:
1215:
1214:
1206:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1174:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1154:
1152:
1148:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1120:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1084:
1081:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1026:
1022:
1020:
1016:
1010:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
995:"Game Theory"
992:
986:
982:
976:
975:
969:
965:
958:
955:
953:
950:
949:
946:
943:
941:
938:
937:
934:
932:
929:
926:
925:
918:
917:
914:
911:
909:
906:
905:
902:
900:
897:
894:
893:
886:
885:
882:
879:
877:
874:
873:
870:
868:
865:
862:
861:
858:
856:
854:
851:
850:
843:
842:
839:
836:
834:
831:
827:
821:Project Work
820:
817:
816:
812:
809:
806:
803:
801:
800:
790:
787:
785:
782:
781:
777:
774:
771:
768:
767:
763:
760:
757:
754:
753:
750:
747:
745:
742:
741:
737:
734:
731:
728:
727:
723:
720:
717:
714:
710:
707:
704:
702:
699:
698:
694:
691:
689:
686:
685:
681:
678:
675:
672:
671:
667:
664:
661:
658:
657:
653:
650:
647:
644:
643:
639:
636:
633:
630:
629:
625:
622:
619:
616:
612:
609:
607:
604:
601:
600:
596:
594:
592:
589:
588:
585:
582:
580:
577:
576:
573:
571:
568:
565:
564:
560:
558:
556:
553:
552:
549:
546:
543:
540:
539:
536:
534:
531:
528:
527:
524:
522:
519:
516:
515:
512:
509:
506:
503:
502:
499:
496:
493:
490:
489:
486:
483:
481:
478:
477:
473:
471:
469:
466:
465:
462:
459:
457:
454:
453:
450:
448:
445:
442:
438:
435:
432:
430:
427:
426:
423:
421:
418:
415:
411:
407:
404:
401:
398:
396:
395:
389:
380:
370:
366:
361:
357:
354:This section
352:
348:
343:
342:
334:
330:
327:
321:
313:
309:
305:
304:
303:
302:For example:
300:
296:
293:
289:
279:
269:
265:
260:
256:
253:This section
251:
247:
242:
241:
237:
222:
213:
211:
207:
203:
193:
192:
188:
184:
180:
170:
168:
163:
159:
149:
142:
137:
133:
130:
127:
123:
119:
116:In 1970, the
114:
112:
109:
105:
100:
99:Ong Pang Boon
95:
93:
89:
86:
81:
72:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
28:
24:
19:
3015:Dependencies
2945:Turkmenistan
2910:Saudi Arabia
2489:Examinations
2480:Trim and Fit
2404:Polytechnics
2386:
2290:. Retrieved
2286:
2277:
2265:. Retrieved
2261:
2252:
2240:. Retrieved
2236:
2227:
2215:. Retrieved
2211:
2202:
2190:. Retrieved
2186:
2177:
2165:. Retrieved
2161:
2137:. Retrieved
2133:
2124:
2112:. Retrieved
2108:
2099:
2087:. Retrieved
2083:
2074:
2062:. Retrieved
2058:
2049:
2037:. Retrieved
2033:
2024:
2012:. Retrieved
2008:
1999:
1987:. Retrieved
1983:
1974:
1962:. Retrieved
1958:
1949:
1937:. Retrieved
1933:
1924:
1912:. Retrieved
1908:
1899:
1887:. Retrieved
1883:
1874:
1862:. Retrieved
1858:
1849:
1837:. Retrieved
1833:
1824:
1812:. Retrieved
1808:
1799:
1787:. Retrieved
1782:
1773:
1761:. Retrieved
1756:
1747:
1735:. Retrieved
1731:
1703:. Retrieved
1699:
1690:
1678:. Retrieved
1673:
1664:
1652:. Retrieved
1648:
1639:
1627:. Retrieved
1623:
1614:
1602:. Retrieved
1598:the original
1593:
1584:
1572:. Retrieved
1568:
1559:
1547:. Retrieved
1543:
1534:
1522:. Retrieved
1518:
1509:
1497:. Retrieved
1493:
1483:
1464:
1458:
1446:. Retrieved
1442:the original
1437:
1428:
1416:. Retrieved
1411:
1402:
1390:. Retrieved
1386:the original
1381:
1372:
1360:. Retrieved
1356:
1332:. Retrieved
1328:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1259:
1249:October 2017
1246:
1237:You can help
1227:
1180:
1160:
1144:
1121:
1090:
1077:
1037:
1023:
1011:
994:
990:
980:
973:
972:
967:
966:
963:
769:Mathematics
387:
377:October 2017
374:
365:You can help
355:
331:
326:epistemology
322:
318:
307:Statistics).
301:
297:
294:
290:
286:
276:October 2017
273:
264:You can help
254:
219:
199:
187:polytechnics
176:
155:
146:
131:
115:
111:Lee Kuan Yew
96:
88:Lee Kuan Yew
82:
78:
32:
31:
18:
3074:Asia portal
2975:States with
2895:Philippines
2835:South Korea
2830:North Korea
2725:Afghanistan
1448:25 November
974:H3 Subjects
43:(A-Level -
3089:Categories
2955:Uzbekistan
2930:Tajikistan
2845:Kyrgyzstan
2825:Kazakhstan
2745:Bangladesh
2735:Azerbaijan
2428:Programmes
2292:22 October
2267:22 October
2242:22 October
2217:22 October
2192:22 October
2167:22 October
2139:22 October
2114:22 October
2089:22 October
2064:22 October
2039:21 October
2014:21 October
1989:21 October
1964:21 October
1939:21 October
1914:21 October
1889:21 October
1864:21 October
1839:21 October
1814:21 October
1789:30 October
1763:30 October
1737:21 October
1705:20 October
1654:21 October
1629:21 October
1574:21 October
1549:21 October
1540:"About Us"
1392:30 October
1362:21 October
1334:21 October
1309:References
844:Chinese B
829:Languages
743:Computing
729:Chemistry
645:Geography
631:Economics
440:Languages
152:Admissions
3041:Hong Kong
2995:Palestine
2920:Sri Lanka
2915:Singapore
2795:Indonesia
2622:Libraries
2419:Madrasahs
1604:25 August
1565:"History"
1241:talk page
1015:Economics
804:Subjects
541:Japanese
517:Gujarati
399:Subjects
369:talk page
268:talk page
51:) or the
37:Singapore
3064:Category
2985:Abkhazia
2935:Thailand
2890:Pakistan
2870:Mongolia
2865:Maldives
2860:Malaysia
2760:Cambodia
1283:See also
1001:and the
919:Tamil B
887:Malay B
755:Physics
715:Biology
659:History
578:Spanish
566:Panjabi
443:Bengali
2960:Vietnam
2875:Myanmar
2855:Lebanon
2785:Georgia
2740:Bahrain
2730:Armenia
2440:Edusave
2359:Schools
1680:1 March
504:German
491:French
169:(DSA).
65:O-Level
47:except
3005:Taiwan
2940:Turkey
2905:Russia
2840:Kuwait
2820:Jordan
2810:Israel
2770:Cyprus
2755:Brunei
2750:Bhutan
2639:Others
1524:10 May
1499:10 May
1471:
1418:10 May
1297:Canada
1293:Quebec
1239:. The
1201:, and
1169:, and
1115:, and
1071:, and
968:Others
687:Music
529:Hindi
367:. The
266:. The
25:, see
3046:Macau
2965:Yemen
2925:Syria
2900:Qatar
2880:Nepal
2815:Japan
2790:India
2780:Egypt
2765:China
1289:CEGEP
602:Urdu
59:only
57:MoE's
2885:Oman
2850:Laos
2805:Iraq
2800:Iran
2377:list
2294:2021
2269:2021
2244:2021
2219:2021
2194:2021
2169:2021
2141:2021
2116:2021
2091:2021
2066:2021
2041:2021
2016:2021
1991:2021
1966:2021
1941:2021
1916:2021
1891:2021
1866:2021
1841:2021
1816:2021
1791:2017
1765:2017
1739:2021
1707:2021
1682:2023
1656:2021
1631:2021
1606:2017
1576:2021
1551:2021
1526:2017
1501:2017
1469:ISBN
1450:2014
1420:2017
1394:2017
1364:2021
1336:2021
1149:and
1138:and
1095:and
617:Art
189:and
158:L1R5
139:The
69:L1R5
3017:and
1262:S$
979:1.
813:H3
810:H2
807:H1
408:H3
405:H2
402:H1
3091::
2285:.
2260:.
2235:.
2210:.
2185:.
2160:.
2149:^
2132:.
2107:.
2082:.
2057:.
2032:.
2007:.
1982:.
1957:.
1932:.
1907:.
1882:.
1857:.
1832:.
1807:.
1781:.
1755:.
1730:.
1715:^
1698:.
1672:.
1647:.
1622:.
1592:.
1567:.
1542:.
1517:.
1492:.
1436:.
1410:.
1380:.
1355:.
1344:^
1327:.
1316:^
1295:,
1197:,
1193:,
1189:,
1185:,
1165:,
1134:,
1130:,
1126:,
1111:,
1107:,
1103:,
1075:.
1067:,
1063:,
1059:,
1055:,
1051:,
1047:,
1043:,
977::
970::
956:β
944:β
930:β
912:β
898:β
880:β
866:β
837:β
788:β
778:β
775:β
772:β
764:β
761:β
758:β
748:β
738:β
735:β
732:β
724:β
721:β
718:β
705:β
695:β
692:β
682:β
679:β
676:β
668:β
665:β
662:β
654:β
651:β
648:β
640:β
637:β
634:β
626:β
623:β
620:β
605:β
597:β
583:β
569:β
561:β
547:β
544:β
532:β
520:β
510:β
507:β
497:β
494:β
484:β
474:β
460:β
446:β
433:β
419:β
185:,
2703:e
2696:t
2689:v
2343:e
2336:t
2329:v
2296:.
2271:.
2246:.
2221:.
2196:.
2171:.
2143:.
2118:.
2093:.
2068:.
2043:.
2018:.
1993:.
1968:.
1943:.
1918:.
1893:.
1868:.
1843:.
1818:.
1793:.
1767:.
1741:.
1709:.
1684:.
1658:.
1633:.
1608:.
1578:.
1553:.
1528:.
1503:.
1477:.
1452:.
1422:.
1396:.
1366:.
1338:.
1251:)
1247:(
1234:.
379:)
375:(
362:.
278:)
274:(
261:.
67:"
29:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
