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456:'s forces following the Continental Army's chaotic retreat from Manhattan, Washington opened a letter from Lee to Reed which indicated that they were both having serious doubts about Washington's decision-making and abilities. This was extremely disconcerting to Washington, as Reed was one of his most trusted officers. Washington and Reed maintained a working relationship in the army together, although Reed never had the same level of trust from Washington from that point forward.
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518:, who was the military commander of Philadelphia at the time. He accused him of eight instances of corruption. Arnold demanded a military trial and successfully cleared his name, although his reputation was damaged. Arnold resigned his post in Philadelphia, and the charges led Arnold to later commit treason against the United States.
421:. In this service he became one of General Washington's closest confidants; Washington wrote letters to him frequently and rarely traveled or made any substantial military decision without first consulting Reed. Because of his knowledge of the terrain of New Jersey, Reed was instrumental in the planning of the
532:
Reed's antipathy to
Pennsylvania's Loyalist residents has been well attested by historic sources. Whilst in Congress, he advocated for the seizure of Loyalist properties and treason charges for those aligned with Great Britain (Reed and his family then lived in a confiscated Loyalist home). Congress
617:
In 1784, Reed visited
England with the hope of improving his health but was not successful. He returned to Pennsylvania and died in Philadelphia on March 5, 1785, at the age of 43. Reed was initially interred in the Second Presbyterian Church cemetery in Philadelphia. Both he and his wife were
362:
Upon his return from London, he established a law practice in
Trenton, New Jersey, and was appointed deputy secretary of New Jersey and clerk of the council. He worked as an assistant to Dennys de Berdt, a former agent for his father and the colonial representative for New England. He was a
402:
599:. Finding the de Berdt family in financial difficulties, Reed remained in London long enough to help settle his wife's family's affairs. Together with the widowed Mrs. de Berdt, Esther and Reed sailed for North America in October 1770.
335:. The family moved to Philadelphia shortly after Reed's birth and, as a boy, Reed was enrolled at Philadelphia Academy. He received his bachelor's degree from the College of New Jersey (later known as
587:
shortly after. Following the death of his father, Reed finally returned to London to find that Esther's father had died during Reed's return trip to
Britain. Reed and Esther married in May 1770 at
398:, setting the design of the First Navy Flag, the Evergreen Tree of Liberty flag. Reed wrote: "What do you think of a Flag with a white Ground, a tree in the middle, the motto: "Appeal to Heaven"."
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regarded the
Loyalist citizens in a more tolerant manner. As the President of Pennsylvania, Reed oversaw numerous trials of suspected Loyalists. He also played a key role in settling the
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In 1782, Reed was accused of treasonous conduct during the war in an anonymous article published in a newspaper. Reed assumed the article was published by
Colonel
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After leaving the office of president of the
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on August 7, 1741, to Andrew Reed and
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in London for two years. Shortly after his studies ended in 1768, Reed was elected as a member of the
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He was elected to
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Reprint of the
Original Letters from Washington to Joseph Reed During The American Revolution
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Biographical Sketches of Members of the American Philosophical Society - Volume 3
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and initially refused consent for Esther to marry him. Reed returned to the
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During his time studying in London, Reed became romantically attached to
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Wyatt, Rick (2002). Washington's Cruisers Flag (U.S.). Retrieved from
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346:. In the summer of 1763, Reed sailed for England and studied law at
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in 1777, but declined. In 1778, Reed was one of the signers of the
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of the Continental Army with the rank of colonel and fought in the
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for Philadelphia in 1774, as president of Pennsylvania's second
467:. A pamphlet series was published in 1783 which defended Reed.
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997:. Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing. p. 24.
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President of the Supreme Executive Council of Pennsylvania
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In December 1776, anxious to know the location of General
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Biography and portrait at the University of Pennsylvania
981:(1847; Philadelphia: Lindsay & Blakiston, pp. 26–43)
718:. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
390:. On October 20, 1775, Reed wrote a letter to Colonel
661:. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. pp. 451–453
295:. He served as the third President of Pennsylvania's
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743:. American Philosophical Society. pp. 508–518.
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433:back to Washington. He was involved in the second
394:of the "Marblehead Men" Regiment of seamen in the
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544:in a land dispute from the state of Connecticut.
2108:
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686:History of the Reed family in Europe and America
1061:A Reprint of the Reed and Cadwalader Pamphlets.
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809:http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/us-wacr.html
506:, a position analogous to the modern office of
375:, Reed was appointed lieutenant colonel in the
299:, a position analogous to the modern office of
2157:Burials at Laurel Hill Cemetery (Philadelphia)
2192:Members of the American Philosophical Society
2187:Justices of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania
1600:
1228:
689:. Boston: J. Wilson and Son. pp. 458–459
291:from Pennsylvania and was a signatory to the
276:and fought in several key battles during the
65:December 1, 1778 – November 16, 1781
2132:Adjutants general of the United States Army
1055:, New York: W.J. Widdleton, Publisher, 1867
823:"Independence History: An Appeal to Heaven"
306:
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2232:Reed family (Pennsylvania and New Jersey)
2167:Continental Congressmen from Pennsylvania
1131:Supreme Executive Council of Pennsylvania
991:Yaster, Carol; Wolgemuth, Rachel (2017).
156:, Province of New Jersey, British America
21:For other people with the same name, see
2237:Signers of the Articles of Confederation
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789:. University Archives and Records Center
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521:In 1778, Reed reported to Congress that
487:in 1776. He was offered the position of
463:, but others believe the author was Dr.
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2147:American people of Scotch-Irish descent
431:intelligence in the Battle of Princeton
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1032:Life and Correspondence of Joseph Reed
979:Life and Correspondence of Joseph Reed
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523:Frederick Howard, 5th Earl of Carlisle
514:". Reed carried on a public feud with
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1629:Founding Fathers of the United States
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1166:December 1, 1778 – November 15, 1781
1139:November 24, 1778 – October 16, 1781
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2222:Politicians from Trenton, New Jersey
2073:Journals of the Continental Congress
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602:The Reeds would have five children:
571:, the daughter of the agent for the
502:On December 1, 1778, he was elected
280:. He is credited with designing the
258:Founding Father of the United States
2094:Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom
1194:Adjutant Generals of the U. S. Army
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405:Reed is credited with creating the
386:Reed is credited with creating the
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2137:Aides-de-camp of George Washington
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891:. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association
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184:, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
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2242:University of Pennsylvania people
2212:People from colonial Pennsylvania
2127:18th-century American politicians
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1198:June 5, 1776 – January 22, 1777
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1064:, Philadelphia: J. Munsell, 1864
658:Dictionary of American Biography
550:
373:Battles of Lexington and Concord
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2207:People from colonial New Jersey
2202:Pennsylvania state court judges
2162:Continental Army staff officers
1052:Joseph Reed, A Historical Essay
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683:Reed, Jacob Whittemore (1861).
609:He owned two enslaved persons.
563:, while studying law in London.
287:He served as a delegate to the
206:
841:
821:Roark, Steve (June 24, 2021).
814:
730:
352:American Philosophical Society
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2217:Politicians from Philadelphia
2063:Congress of the Confederation
1100:Grave at Laurel Hill Cemetery
1073:, Philadelphia: A. Hart, 1852
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573:Province of Massachusetts Bay
493:Supreme Court of Pennsylvania
483:in 1775 and as member of the
413:In June 1775, Reed served as
977:William B. Reed, (grandson)
917:. American Battlefield Trust
363:successful land speculator.
115:Member, Continental Congress
23:Joseph Reed (disambiguation)
7:
2227:Princeton University alumni
737:Bell, Whitfield J. (1997).
477:Committee of Correspondence
10:
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1135:the County of Philadelphia
1035:. Lindsay & Blakiston.
278:American Revolutionary War
231:, lawyer, military officer
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2182:Governors of Pennsylvania
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857:. Simon & Schuster.
829:. The Newport Plain Talk
827:www.newportplaintalk.com
712:"Reed, Joseph 1741-1785"
612:
535:Pennsylvania Line Mutiny
435:crossing of the Delaware
307:Early life and education
429:and provided important
2142:American abolitionists
655:Malone, Dumas (1935).
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2152:American slave owners
1992:William Henry Drayton
1945:Francis Lightfoot Lee
1852:Jonathan Bayard Smith
951:Bellesiles, Michael.
716:bioguide.congress.gov
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485:Pennsylvania Assembly
419:Battle of Long Island
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342:He studied law under
284:used during the war.
2197:Pennsylvania lawyers
2053:Continental Congress
994:Laurel Hill Cemetery
957:www.encyclopedia.com
915:www.battlefields.org
620:Laurel Hill Cemetery
561:Esther de Berdt Reed
443:Battle of Germantown
439:Battle of Brandywine
437:, and fought in the
377:Pennsylvania Militia
337:Princeton University
289:Continental Congress
213:; died
182:Laurel Hill Cemetery
173:, Pennsylvania, U.S.
2058:American Revolution
889:www.mountvernon.org
559:Reed met his wife,
481:Provincial Congress
427:Battle of Princeton
425:. He fought in the
371:In 1775, after the
2007:Thomas Heyward Jr.
1671:John Wentworth Jr.
1123:Thomas Wharton Jr.
1115:Political offices
959:. Encyclopedia.com
787:archives.upenn.edu
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447:Battle of Monmouth
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1966:Cornelius Harnett
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1805:Gouverneur Morris
1759:Samuel Huntington
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1201:Succeeded by
1179:Military offices
1169:Succeeded by
1142:Succeeded by
1067:William B. Reed,
1004:978-1-4671-2655-7
864:978-0-7432-2671-4
849:McCullough, David
537:in January 1781.
475:He served on the
423:Battle of Trenton
311:Reed was born in
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108:William Moore
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84:William Moore
81:
80:Matthew Smith
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36:
29:
24:
19:
1997:John Mathews
1935:Thomas Adams
1861:
1835:Pennsylvania
1800:William Duer
1774:Andrew Adams
1769:Titus Hosmer
1738:John Collins
1721:Rhode Island
1707:James Lovell
1702:Francis Dana
1692:Samuel Adams
1687:John Hancock
1321:(since 1790)
1279:
1252:Pennsylvania
1192:
1160:
1155:George Bryan
1128:
1068:
1059:
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1031:
1022:
1021:
1008:. Retrieved
993:
986:
978:
973:
961:. Retrieved
956:
938:, p. 2.
931:
919:. Retrieved
914:
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888:
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831:. Retrieved
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791:. Retrieved
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739:
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720:. Retrieved
715:
691:. Retrieved
685:
663:. Retrieved
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589:Saint Luke's
577:Philadelphia
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381:aide-de-camp
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262:aide-de-camp
253:
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171:Philadelphia
166:(1785-03-05)
122:
103:Succeeded by
96:George Bryan
76:George Bryan
60:
18:
2122:1785 deaths
2117:1741 births
2023:John Walton
1940:John Harvie
1904:John Hanson
1862:Joseph Reed
1790:James Duane
1747:Connecticut
1636:Signatories
1444:Pennypacker
1145:John Bayard
963:February 7,
921:February 7,
895:February 7,
833:February 9,
793:February 6,
756:February 7,
722:February 6,
693:February 6,
665:February 6,
595:, near the
593:Cripplegate
454:Charles Lee
392:John Glover
339:) in 1757.
333:West Jersey
254:Joseph Reed
91:Preceded by
32:Joseph Reed
2111:Categories
1814:New Jersey
1539:Thornburgh
1259:Presidents
1248:presidents
626:References
225:Profession
147:1741-08-27
1961:John Penn
1554:Schweiker
1459:Brumbaugh
1409:Hartranft
1318:Governors
1290:Dickinson
1244:Governors
936:Reed 1847
631:Citations
622:in 1868.
236:Signature
229:Statesman
127:1778–1778
123:In office
61:In office
1918:Virginia
1897:Maryland
1871:Delaware
1783:New York
1524:Scranton
1519:Lawrence
1434:Hastings
1429:Pattison
1419:Pattison
1379:Johnston
1295:Franklin
1206:(acting)
1129:Member,
1010:June 11,
851:(2005).
581:Colonies
512:half-pay
508:governor
445:and the
301:Governor
2082:Display
2046:Related
2016:Georgia
1574:Shapiro
1569:T. Wolf
1564:Corbett
1559:Rendell
1479:Pinchot
1469:Pinchot
1389:Pollock
1359:G. Wolf
1349:Hiester
1344:Findlay
1329:Mifflin
1300:Mifflin
1270:Wharton
1023:Sources
491:of the
315:in the
313:Trenton
272:of the
219:
203:
199:
154:Trenton
1529:Shafer
1514:Leader
1494:Martin
1474:Fisher
1464:Sproul
1449:Stuart
1424:Beaver
1399:Curtin
1394:Packer
1384:Bigler
1369:Porter
1364:Ritner
1354:Shulze
1339:Snyder
1334:McKean
1001:
861:
747:
604:Joseph
441:, the
329:Ulster
209:
189:Spouse
1549:Ridge
1544:Casey
1534:Shapp
1489:James
1484:Earle
1454:Tener
1439:Stone
1404:Geary
1374:Shunk
1285:Moore
1275:Bryan
613:Death
268:, as
217:)
205:(
201:
1618:and
1509:Fine
1504:Duff
1499:Bell
1414:Hoyt
1280:Reed
1246:and
1012:2023
999:ISBN
965:2024
923:2024
897:2024
859:ISBN
854:1776
835:2024
795:2024
758:2024
745:ISBN
724:2024
695:2024
667:2024
215:1780
211:1770
161:Died
141:Born
51:3rd
1250:of
327:in
264:to
2113::
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149:)
145:(
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