1019:, which exhibits it each year when presenting the school's Priestley Award to a scientist who makes "discoveries which contribute to the welfare of mankind". The house lost its original furnishings when Joseph Jr. and his family moved back to England. Since it is not known what was originally in the home, it is furnished and decorated with artifacts donated by descendants of the Priestleys and with ones similar to those listed in Priestley's testament of what was lost in the fire at his Birmingham home. A number of items that belonged to Joseph and Mary during their lives both in Britain and America are on display throughout the house, including Joseph's balance scales and microscope. Portraits, prints, maps, charts, and books have been carefully selected to replicate the Priestleys' holdings. A bedroom on the second floor is dedicated to an exploration of the life of an 18th-century woman.
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charge of all the business aspects of running the site". On
November 1, there was a "grand reopening celebration" at the house with a dozen costumed volunteer guides and chemical demonstrations in Priestley's laboratory. On November 7, 2010, the brick Pond building was rededicated after an $ 85,000 renovation, as part of the museum's annual "Fall Heritage Day". The restoration, which had been planned for years, was paid for by private donors and included "handicapped accessibility, new roofing, heating and air-conditioning and new interior walls, ceilings and lighting". The FJPH plan to install a timeline of Priestley's scientific work and times in the Pond building, as well as a video about his laboratory techniques and impact today.
977:). However, he died on May 20, 1920, before this plan could be enacted; the planned rail line was never built and the house proved too fragile to move. The college established a memorial fund in Pond's honor and retained the house as a museum, although Pond's children did not formally transfer the house to the college until April 14, 1932. Some restoration of the house was done in the 1920s, and a small, brick building—intended as a fireproof museum for Priestley's books and scientific apparatus—was built on the grounds and dedicated to Pond's memory in 1926. In 1941 the state legislature tried to have the State Historical Commission administer the house as a museum, but
586:. According to J. D. Bowers, who studied Priestley's influence on Unitarianism in America, "or a decade Priestley served as the inspiration and leading force in the spread of Unitarianism in America and the formation of numerous societies that followed his teachings on congregational formation, the education of youth, lay preaching, and espousing one's faith in the presence of opposition from (and to) both the Protestant majority and a competing liberal faction." Through Priestley's influence, at least twelve congregations were founded in Maine, Massachusetts, New York, Vermont, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Kentucky, including the
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meetings, protest letters, and a general "public outcry" against closure, on August 14, 2009, the state closed the
Priestley House and three other PHMC museums indefinitely due to a lack of funding as part of an ongoing budget crisis. The sole remaining state employee at Priestley House was furloughed. That month the Friends of the Joseph Priestley House submitted a plan to the PHMC to operate the house on weekends from May to October with staffing provided by volunteers. The plan depended both on acquiring insurance for the volunteers, the house, and its contents, and on the state passing a budget.
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H. Kay, son of James, had purchased the house in 1845, a few years before his parents' deaths. In April 1865 Charles Kay's children sold the house to Henry R. Campbell for $ 2,775 ($ 55,200 in 2024). Florence
Bingham purchased the house from Campbell for $ 5,679.53 on January 18, 1868 ($ 130,000 in 2024), and Bingham's heirs sold it to T. Hugh Johnson for $ 2,000 on October 7, 1882 ($ 63,100 in 2024). Kate Scott bought the house for $ 3,000 on April 11, 1888 ($ 101,700 in 2024). In 1911 the last private resident moved out of the house, and it was sublet to the
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5,052 square feet (469 m). The north wing was the laboratory and the south wing (which had an attached woodshed) was the summer kitchen. The cellar, first, and second floors of the central section are each divided into four rooms, with a central hall on the first and second floors; the first floor also has an intersecting hall that leads to the laboratory. The attic has three rooms for servants and a larger room for storage. A paint analysis done in 1994 revealed that the house had no wall paper initially and that the walls and woodwork were painted "a brilliant white".
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627:, which had better access to transportation and communication than Northumberland, but his wife preferred the country and wanted to be near her sons. Priestly then debated about splitting his time between Northumberland and Philadelphia, but soon realized this plan was impractical. Determined to ensure the future economic stability of his family, he bought land and settled in Northumberland by July 1794, which was "five days of rough travel" north of Philadelphia. They both hoped that, in time, their new community would grow.
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744:. Mary Priestley died on September 17, 1796; she was already ill and never fully recovered after the shock of her son's death. On September 19 of that year Joseph wrote: "This day I bury my wife....she had taken much thought in planning the new house and now that it is far advanced and promises to be everything she wished, she is removed to another." After dinner on Monday 14 April 1800, various members of Priestley's household fell ill, with symptoms of food poisoning, which prompted the
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1004:. These structures were based on T. Lambourne's drawings of the house and grounds that had been discovered in 1983, other records, and excavations. Priestley left no written description of his laboratory, but much is known of his experiments and late-18th-century laboratories. Extensive research on the laboratory within the house was completed in 1996, including excavations that revealed two underground ovens, as well as evidence of a primitive
1088:, Canada, and England, and their meeting at the house and a local school "is now recognized as the first National Chemistry Congress, and many ACS historians believe it led to ACS's formation two years later on April 6, 1876". On September 5, 1926, about 500 ACS members met again at the home to dedicate the small brick museum and to celebrate the meeting 50 years earlier (two survivors of that first meeting were present).
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884:, calls it a "mansion" that is "probably the finest example of the Federal style in the region". As William N. Richardson, the site administrator for the Joseph Priestley House in the 1990s, notes, Priestley's American home did not resemble his "high-style Georgian town house" that was destroyed in Birmingham; rather, it was "plain" and built in the "American vernacular".
903:, anchored to a stone foundation. The Priestleys built their home out of wood, dried in trenches on the site, because no stone or brick was available in the area. Joseph wrote a detailed description of the drying process, concluding: "A house constructed with such boards I prefer to one of brick and stone". This may have prompted journalist
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Joseph's laboratory was completed—the first part of the home to be finished. It was the first laboratory that "he had designed, built, and outfitted entirely himself" and was probably the first "scientifically-equipped laboratory" in the United States. Joseph continued his scientific and scholarly work in his new laboratory, identifying
776:, he dedicated it to President Jefferson, writing that "it is now only that I can say I see nothing to fear from the hand of power, the government under which I live being for the first time truly favourable to me." Of all of the religious works Priestley published in the United States, and there were many, it was his four-volume
996:, a return of doorways to their original locations, and a return of the shutters "to their original locations inside the windows". The PHMC was supported by "The Friends of the Joseph Priestley House" (FJPH), who help with the visitor center, tours, special events, and outreach, as well as with clerical and museum work.
857:(which he called "heavy inflammable air"). In 1798 Joseph Jr., his wife, and their children moved into the new house with Joseph Priestley. The house also held Priestley's library, which contained about 1600 volumes by his death in 1804 and was one of the largest in America at the time. The Priestley family held
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Priestley attempted to continue his scientific investigations in
America with the support of the American Philosophical Association. However, he was hampered by lack of news from Europe; unaware of the latest scientific developments, Priestley was no longer on the forefront of discovery. Although the
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On
December 14, 1955, the college donated the house to the borough of Northumberland. From 1955 to 1959 the house served as both the borough hall for Northumberland and as a museum. The house proved too costly for the borough to maintain, and was acquired by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in 1961.
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6,250 ($ 104,000 in 2024). Chapman died on
December 4, 1835, and Rev. James Kay, pastor of the Northumberland Unitarian congregation, and his family lived in the house next. James Kay died on September 22, 1847, and his widow probably lived in the house until her October 2, 1850 death. Charles
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The lack of skilled craftspeople in
Northumberland made the construction of the house difficult. For example, Richardson speculates that the main staircase was assembled from a kit. It is one step too short for the Northumberland hallway, but no extra step was added to finish off the symmetry of the
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Originally, delightful panoramic views were visible from the home. It was built facing the
Susquehanna River so that visitors arriving by boat could be welcomed by the family and because conventional 18th-century aesthetic theory held that countryscapes were more beautiful than townscapes. Priestley
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community which they called "Pantisocracy" (derived from the Greek for "equal rule of all"). They assembled twelve couples who were interested not only in demanding physical labor but also in a life of the mind, but none of them had enough money to embark on the project, which required much capital.
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2007–08 "total visitation ... was 1,705 with a paid visitation of 1,100 generating $ 4,125 in program revenue and 2,406 recreational and non-ticketed visitors". The fiscal 2006–07 operations budget for the house and its two full-time staff was $ 142,901, with $ 6,900 (five percent) coming
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Professor George
Gilbert Pond was the first person to make a significant effort to establish a permanent Priestley museum at the Priestley House. After raising sufficient funds, he managed to purchase the home at auction for $ 6,000 from Scott's heirs on November 24, 1919 ($ 105,400 in 2024).
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After the deaths of Mary and Joseph
Priestley, Joseph Priestley, Jr. and his wife, Elizabeth Ryland, continued to live in the house until 1811, at which time they emigrated to Britain and sold the home. The house passed through various hands during the 19th century. Judge Seth Chapman purchased the
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By 1801, Priestley had become so ill that he could no longer write or experiment effectively. On February 3, 1804, Joseph started a last experiment in his lab but was too weak to continue it. He went to a bed in his library, where he died three days later. He was buried in nearby Riverview Cemetery
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His wife was happier with the couple's situation and wrote to William Vaughan: "I am happy and thankful to meet with so sweet a situation and so peaceful a retreat as the place I now write from. Dr. Priestley also likes it and of his own choice intends to settle here, which is more than I hoped for
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During the winter of 1794-1795, Priestley wrote to friends that his situation was very "distant from my original views" and "my time here is far from passing so agreeably as it did in England", yet he was "very thankful for such an asylum" and he attempted "to make the best of my situation". In his
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Fleeing religious persecution and political turmoil in Britain, the Priestleys emigrated to the United States in 1794 seeking a peaceful life. Hoping to avoid the political troubles that had plagued them in Britain and the problems of urban life they saw in the United States, the Priestleys built a
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On March 4, 2009, the PHMC released a report examining its 22 museums and historic sites and recommended discontinuing operations at six, including the Joseph Priestley House. The proposed closure of the Priestley House was based on "low visitation and limited potential for growth". Despite public
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to caustically label the house a "shed" in one of his political tirades against Joseph. The central section of the house has a slate gable roof with a railing-enclosed deck. The house has "three internal gable end chimneys, one for the main kitchen", and one each at the north and south ends of the
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that "the settlement was given up, but being here, and my wife and myself liking the place, I have determined to take up my residence here, though subject to many disadvantages. Philadelphia was excessively expensive, and this a comparatively cheap place; and my sons, settling in the neighborhood,
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History of Northumberland County, Pennsylvania, Including its Aboriginal History; the Colonial and Revolutionary Periods; Early Settlement and Subsequent Growth; Political Organization; Agricultural, Mining, and Manufacturing Interests; Internal Improvements; Religious, Educational, Social, and
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The American Chemical Society (ACS) has used the Joseph Priestley House as a place to mark special celebrations. On July 31 and August 1, 1874, "seventy-seven chemists made a pilgrimage to the site to celebrate the centennial of chemistry". The date was chosen to mark the hundredth anniversary of
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Between 1998 and 1999 a renovation that was "one of the most extensive changes in the homestead's history" set out to "restore the grounds around the house to exactly the way it was when Priestley lived" there. This involved reconstructing exact replicas of the original carriage barn, hog sties,
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On September 24, 2009, the PHMC and officers of the FJPH signed an agreement to reopen the museum on Saturday and Sunday afternoons. The house reopened on October 3, with volunteer staffing from the FJPH. The agreement can be renewed annually and lets FJPH "schedule programs, set fees and be in
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Priestley published more scientific items during his decade in the United States than during all his years in England: some 45 papers, not counting reprintings, and four pamphlets, not counting subsequent editions, but in general his science was now anticlimactic. Few of his papers contributed
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Panorama of front side of the Joseph Priestley House, facing the Susquehanna River (southeast). Structures from left to right are: Privy, Carriage Barn (now Visitors Center), wood sheds (all reconstructed), Summer Kitchen (attached to Kitchen), Kitchen wing, Main House, passage to Laboratory,
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Joseph and Mary lived with their son Joseph, Jr. and his family in a small house while theirs was being built. Mary Priestley was primarily responsible for the design of the couple's new home and her family inheritance may have helped finance it, but she died before it was completed. By 1797,
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The house has a two-and-half story central section, which is 48 feet (14.6 m) by 43 feet (13.1 m), and two one-story wings on the north and south sides that are each 22 feet (6.7 m) by 21 feet (6.4 m). The first and second floors have a total area of
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to the land for Northumberland, comprised four lots of the original village plan (numbers 29–32). Currently, the house and grounds occupy 1 acre (4,000 m) at 472 Priestley Avenue. (The address of the house was originally "North Way", but the street was later renamed in honor of Joseph
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Priestley continued the educational projects that had been important to him throughout his life, helping to establish a "Northumberland Academy" and donating his library to the fledgling institution. He exchanged letters regarding the proper structure of a university with
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that he "made it a rule to take no part whatever in the politics of a country in which I am a stranger, and in which I only wish to live undisturbed". (Priestley never became a citizen of the United States.) He also turned down an opportunity to teach chemistry at the
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Joseph Priestley commemorative stamp. In 2001 the ACS again met at the house to celebrate the 125th anniversary of the society, and reenacted parts of the 1874 and 1926 celebrations, including a march to Priestley's grave, at which each participant left a red rose.
293:(PHMC) operated it as a museum dedicated to Joseph Priestley from 1970 to August 2009, when it closed due to low visitation and budget cuts. The house reopened in October 2009, still owned by the PHMC but operated by the Friends of Joseph Priestley House (FJPH).
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at the house that day. (A replica of the Priestley Medal is on display at the house.) On August 1, 1974—what has been labeled the bicentennial of the discovery of oxygen—over 500 chemists attending the third Biennial Conference on Chemical Education at
729:, which falsely accused Priestley of stirring up rebellion in Britain, and attempted to undermine his scientific credibility. His political fortunes took an even worse turn when Cobbett obtained a set of letters sent to Priestley by the radical printer
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traveled to the house to celebrate "Oxygen Day". In October 1976, the ACS celebrated its own centennial with a celebration in Northumberland. A 100-plus piece replica of Priestley's laboratory equipment, made by universities, corporations, and the
671:, was, according to one scholar, "carefully phrased in legal terminology" and "lucidly outline an ambitious financial venture". However, it is unclear whether Cooper's scheme was related to the lands that the younger Priestleys had purchased.
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Therefore, the poets undertook a lecture tour of England to raise funds; however, they never generated enough money and never emigrated. The utopia was not built and few immigrants arrived in Northumberland as a result of Cooper's schemes.
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Priestley yearned for a more cosmopolitan community than Northumberland provided, writing to his sister that it was "seemingly almost out of the world" and complaining that he had to wait a week for news. He wrote to his friend
1038:, including the Priestley House (which it describes as a "gem" and one of the finest Federal style buildings in central Pennsylvania), was listed on the NRHP. The district includes one other building already on the NRHP: the
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304:, bought it and attempted to found the first Priestley museum. He died before he could complete the project and it was not until the 1960s that the house was first carefully restored by the PHMC and designated a
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This chronology follows Hirsch, Kieft, and Richardson, "Joseph Priestley's American Home", however McMinn gives the completion date for the whole house as 1797; Richardson, "Joseph Priestley's American Home",
1042:, which was built as an inn around 1820 and was owned by a great-grandson of the Priestleys in the 1880s. Today it serves as Northumberland's public library. The Joseph Priestley Memorial Chapel, which is a
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Under the PHMC, the museum was open ten months a year, closing between early January and early March. In 2007 and 2008 the number of visitors held steady after recent declines. According to the PHMC, in
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When he preached, Unitarians and non-Unitarians flocked to hear him and his sermons were published throughout the country. During his years in America, Priestley became increasingly convinced that the
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After the failure of Cooper's endeavor, Priestley attempted to convince other friends to move to Northumberland, particularly those he had made in America, but to no avail. Priestley wrote in his
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by various political factions vying to gain his support. Priestley declined their entreaties, however, hoping to avoid the political discord that had embroiled him in Britain. He wrote to
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Two of their three sons, Joseph, Jr. (eldest) and Harry (youngest), had already emigrated to the United States in August 1793, along with Joseph Priestley's friend, the radical activist
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Representatives of the ACS were present at the October 1970 dedication of the house as a museum. On April 25, 1974, around 400 chemists from the ACS Middle Atlantic Regional Meeting in
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at the time we came up...This country is very delightful, the prospects of wood and water more beautiful than I have ever seen before and the people plain and decent in their manners."
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992:(PHMC) began restoring it and in October 1970 the museum was opened to the public. The renovations included a restoration of the laboratory, a removal of ornamentation added in the
737:. Cobbett published the letters in his newspaper, asserting that Priestley and his friends were fomenting a revolution. Priestley was eventually forced to defend himself in print.
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The canal closed in 1902 and was later filled in. The modern railroad line approximates the canal's course through the front yard; the track behind the house no longer exists.
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A second renovation was undertaken in the 1990s to return the home to the way it looked during Priestley's time. The home has been a frequent place of celebration for the
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Paul, 19; for a more extensive discussion of the college's holdings, see Peter M. Lukehart, "The Early History of the Joseph Priestley collection at Dickinson College",
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Priestley.) This street forms the northwest boundary of the property; the other boundaries are Hanover Avenue to the northeast, Wallis Street to the southwest, and the
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After the Priestleys died, their home remained in private hands until the turn of the twentieth century, when George Gilbert Pond, a professor from what is now
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Kieft, 14; The main entrance to the house was also moved to the river side (the original front door) from the Priestley Ave. side (the original back door).
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with the main (or North) branch of the Susquehanna is a short distance southwest of the property, which is at an elevation of 456 feet (139 m).
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in the historic district, was built in 1834 by his grandson, and is home to a Unitarian Universalist congregation that considers Priestley its founder.
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church services in the drawing room and Joseph educated a group of young men until the local Northumberland Academy that he helped found was completed.
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In 1794, they joined the tide of 10,000 emigrants who moved to America during the largest emigration from Europe to America until the end of the
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Pond believed that construction of a new railroad line would destroy the house, and so intended to move it to Pennsylvania State College (now
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for its workers (a large railroad yard was built in Northumberland at this time). This led to a general decline in the house and its grounds.
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over the doors and the balustrades on the rooftop belvedere and main staircase", marking it as distinctly American. Douglas R. McMinn, in the
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Military History; Sketches of its Boroughs, Villages, and Townships; Portraits and Biographies of Pioneers and Representative Citizens, etc.
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house in rural Pennsylvania. Nevertheless, political disputes and family troubles dogged Priestley during the last ten years of his life.
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to the top of his house to more easily survey the landscape. His plantings were "a much scaled-down version of the beautiful gardens" at
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The house proper was completed in 1798, with a Mr. Jones of Northumberland employed acting as master carpenter. Built in an 18th-century
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was approaching. His close study of the Bible, together with the happenings in France, persuaded him that he would see Christ's return.
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to Priestley's present, he tracked and explained what he saw as the history of Christianity and its "corruptions", referencing his own
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Priestley's son, Joseph Priestley Jr., was a leading member of a consortium that purchased 300,000 acres (1,200 km) of land along
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While Priestley enjoyed preaching in Philadelphia, he could not afford the expense of living there; he also disliked the city's
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1008:. The 1998 renovations also included work to restore the laboratory to a condition as close to its original state as possible.
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Family matters also made Priestley's time in America difficult. His youngest son Harry died on December 11, 1795, probably of
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manufacturer, a clock maker, a printer (who issued a weekly newspaper), several stores, and approximately one hundred houses.
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letters to friends back in Britain, Priestley consistently referred to himself as an exile and to England as his real home.
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After Joseph's death, Thomas Cooper sold a collection of some of his friend's apparatus and other personal belongings to
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Priestley House May Be Shuttered: Pennsylvania state budget cuts could cease operation of ACS Historic Chemical Landmark
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Letters to the inhabitants of Northumberland and its neighbourhood, on subjects interesting to the author, and to them.
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Lack of skilled craftsmen forced accommodations, like this stairwell probably built from a kit and one step short
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The property's original area was 2 acres (8,000 m), but this was reduced by about half around 1830 when the
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style, the "balance and symmetry" of the architecture signaled "subdued elegance". The house was accented with
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anything significantly new to the field of chemistry; most were committed to combatting the new chemistry.
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If the cellar and attic are included, the total area of the house is 9,180 square feet (853 m²).
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Priestley's attempts to avoid political controversy in the United States failed. In 1794, the journalist
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cornice above both sets of windows. The external details on the house also include a "frieze board with
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Despite Priestley's reduced scientific importance, he stimulated an interest in chemistry in America.
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showing the Priestley House at the confluence of the North and West branches of the Susquehanna Rivers
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Although Europeans knew Priestley best as a scientist (he had published his paper on the discovery
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The last three years the Priestleys spent in Britain were a time of political upheaval. During the
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in 1778, and only finally resettled in 1784. In 1794, when the Priestleys moved there, it included
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Glazer, Mike. "Extensive Changes Underway at Priestley House: Renovations will Recall the Past".
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1030:(NRHP) on October 15, 1966. On August 1, 1994, the American Chemical Society named it the second
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Laboratory wing, and Pond Museum (built in 1926 of brick). Note circular driveway in foreground.
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gas in 1774), Americans knew him best as a defender of religious freedom and as an advocate for
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Apparently technically unrelated to either of these schemes, but influenced by Cooper's, poets
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T. Lambourne's drawing of the Joseph Priestley house (c. 1800) was discovered in 1983 by
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will be less exposed to temptation, and more likely to form habits of sobriety and industry."
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Snyder, Dick. "Pennsylvania Adds to Its Large Catalogue Of Scenic and Historic Attractions".
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100 vow to help save Priestley House: Groups pursue options as July 1 closing deadline looms
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Letter to Barbara Franco, Executive Director, Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission
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was dug through the house's front yard, between the house and river. On May 31, 1860, the
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Bedroom in the Priestley home, with the couple's china tea set, mantel clock, and chairs
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National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Joseph Priestley House (PDF)
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Garrett, Clarke. "Which Cooper? The Site of Coleridge's Utopia on the Susquehanna".
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and Northumberland's Unitarian Universalist Congregation of the Susquehanna Valley.
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Richardson, William N. "The Current Interpretation of the Joseph Priestley House".
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National Register of Historic Places Registration: Northumberland Historic District
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Heritage: Joseph Priestley House may close: Commission blames low attendance, costs
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National Register of Historic Places Registration: Northumberland Historic District
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with a magnifying lens and sunlight. These chemists came from 15 US states and the
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Rail, Tony: "William Priestley Vindicated, with a Previously Unpublished Letter",
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Postings From Priestley House: Newsletter of The Friends of Joseph Priestley House
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Parts I & II. Northumberland : Printed for the author by Andrew Kennedy, 1799.
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Schofield, 346; Graham, 60–61; Richardson, "Joseph Priestley's American Home", 62.
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National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Joseph Priestley House
2542:
Revolutionary in Exile: The Emigration of Joseph Priestley to America, 1794–1804.
2383:
2136:
2116:
2058:
1737:
1416:
1096:
1034:; the dedication ceremony was attended by 75 Priestley descendants. In 1988, the
904:
854:
722:
674:
652:
525:
498:
492:
479:
2798:
2718:
The Enlightened Joseph Priestley: A Study of His Life and Work from 1773 to 1804
806:
and dreams. As Robert Schofield, Priestley's major modern biographer, explains:
3044:
2042:. Ed. Peter M. Lukehart. Carlisle, PA: Trout Gallery, Dickinson College (1994).
1409:
1081:
582:, where Joseph delivered a series of sermons that helped promote the spread of
418:
352:
2680:. Ed. Peter M. Lukehart. Carlisle, PA: Trout Gallery, Dickinson College, 1994.
2666:. Ed. Peter M. Lukehart. Carlisle, PA: Trout Gallery, Dickinson College, 1994.
2602:. 2nd ed. Northumberland, PA: The Friends of the Joseph Priestley House, 2006.
2512:. Ed. Peter M. Lukehart. Carlisle, PA: Trout Gallery, Dickinson College, 1994.
640:: "We know but little more than we did when we left you of European affairs."
3270:
3156:
1674:
993:
594:
533:
356:
169:
156:
2774:. Philadelphia: P. Blakiston's Son and Co., 1920. Retrieved 27 January 2008.
1117:
spoke at the house to celebrate Priestley's 250th birthday and as part of a
335:
showing important locations for the history of Joseph Priestley and the area
3312:
National Register of Historic Places in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania
1113:, was presented to the house for display. On April 13, 1983, ACS President
932:
858:
790:(1772–74). However, he ended it by praising American religious toleration.
617:
579:
433:
A baseball field is located beyond the railroad line; beyond that lies the
332:
142:
2685:
Proceedings and Addresses of the Northumberland County Historical Society
1993:
Hirsch, 31; Kieft, 13; Richardson, "Joseph Priestley's American Home", 65.
1914:
Hirsch, 30; Kieft, 11; Richardson, "Joseph Priestley's American Home", 64.
547:, had moved to America from France, probably early in 1793, following the
3175:
3166:
2655:
Park, Mary Cathryne. "Joseph Priestley and the Problem of Pantisocracy".
1114:
1051:
663:, a friend of Joseph Priestley's, published a pamphlet in Britain titled
563:
379:
68:
2489:
319:
gas by Priestley as well as the 250th anniversary of Priestley's birth.
315:; they commemorated the centennial and bicentennial of the discovery of
3254:
2236:
Laepple, "State budget impasse closes historic Joseph Priestley House".
1100:
781:
691:
567:
514:
422:
417:
The Priestley property, which was purchased in 1794 at a total cost of
256:
2818:
2299:
Hirsch, 30–31; Kieft, 12–13; Richardson, "Current Interpretation", 20.
327:
1005:
953:
772:. Jefferson and Priestley became close and when he had completed his
678:
A replica (on a smaller scale) of the burning lens owned by Priestley
509:, the Priestleys' home, Joseph's church, and the homes of many other
482:, after he had left off wearing his wig American-style (c. 1800)
387:
263:
2799:
History of the Priestley House and the Movement for its Preservation
964:
755:
437:, which was the original southeastern boundary of the property. The
421:
500 (£ 72,600 in 2024) from Reuben Haines, who had secured the
2828:
1547:
Schofield, 346; Richardson, "Joseph Priestley's American Home", 62.
920:
873:
360:
3287:
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania
2462:. Chicago: Brown, Runk & Co., 1891. Retrieved 4 November 2007.
1793:
Hirsch, 40–41; Richardson, "Joseph Priestley's American Home", 61.
1099:, the highest and oldest honor awarded by the ACS, was awarded to
1058:
927:
built a high wall blocking the view of Northumberland and added a
891:
3085:
2992:
2397:
Joseph Priestley House National Historic Landmark Summary Listing
2110:
Joseph Priestley House National Historic Landmark Summary Listing
1618:. Northumberland: Printed for the author by Andrew Kennedy, 1803.
1022:
On January 12, 1965, the Joseph Priestley House was designated a
1001:
741:
600:
471:
395:
391:
2893:
Essay on a Course of Liberal Education for Civil and Active Life
840:
19:
For the building known as the "Dr. Joseph Priestley House", see
1957:
Hirsch, 31; Richardson, "Joseph Priestley's American Home", 65.
1939:
Hirsch, 31; Richardson, "Joseph Priestley's American Home", 64.
1062:
Panoramic view of the interior of Priestley's lab in June, 2009
916:
794:
majority of his publications focused on defending the outmoded
695:
613:
555:
528:. The Priestleys left Britain at the beginning of April on the
518:
399:
383:
316:
2720:. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2004.
2469:. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2007.
1168:
1166:
505:
in the wake of the conservative British reaction against the
281:, the house, which was designed by Priestley's wife Mary, is
2705:
Fort Pitt Museum, Bushy Run close due to state budget crisis
2662:
Paul, E. Robert. "Joseph Priestley: A Scientific Virtuoso".
2683:
Richardson, William N. "Joseph Priestley's American Home".
2607:
State budget impasse closes historic Joseph Priestley House
2571:
Joseph Priestley House: Pennsylvania Trail of History Guide
690:, full of idealism and angered at Priestley's treatment in
73:
Priestley Avenue side of the Joseph Priestley House in 2007
2432:
Planning Our Future: Sustainability Committee Final Report
2181:
Planning Our Future: Sustainability Committee Final Report
1312:
according to Kieft (7), but Schofield (324) has it as the
1163:
899:
The house is a frame structure, covered with white wooden
578:
On their way to Northumberland, the Priestleys stopped in
2148:
Hirsch, 31, 33; Richardson, "Current Interpretation", 20.
1205:
Schofield, 347; Richardson, "Current Interpretation", 21.
2377:
National Register of Historic Places Searchable Database
1930:
Glazer, "Extensive Changes Underway at Priestley House".
2657:
Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science
2329:
Richardson, "Joseph Priestley's American Home", 61, 65.
1436:
Richardson, "Joseph Priestley's American Home", 62, 67.
1055:
from FJPH and the rest from the state of Pennsylvania.
2933:
Experiments and Observations on Different Kinds of Air
727:
Observations on the Emigration of Dr. Joseph Priestley
2591:
Kelley, Maurice W. "Thomas Cooper and Pantisocracy".
2419:
Priestley House Museum to hold re-opening celebration
2255:
Priestley House Museum to hold re-opening celebration
952:
house from Joseph Priestley Jr. on May 13, 1815, for
2467:
Joseph Priestley and English Unitarianism in America
616:, whom he believed were too opulent, and feared the
255:
was the American home of eighteenth-century British
2949:
The Doctrine of Philosophical Necessity Illustrated
2271:
Fall Heritage Day planned at Joseph Priestley House
2245:
Laepple, "Friends group to reopen Priestley House".
1887:
Richardson, "Joseph Priestley's American Home", 64.
1770:
Richardson, "Joseph Priestley's American Home", 61.
1752:
Richardson, "Joseph Priestley's American Home", 63.
1080:Priestley's experiment producing oxygen by heating
2545:Transactions of the American Philosophical Society
694:, intended to emigrate to America and establish a
277:(1733–1804) from 1798 until his death. Located in
2641:. 79.45 (2001): 43–44. Retrieved 3 November 2007.
968:Priestley's library, with his chess set and globe
943:stairwell, suggesting a dearth of skilled labor.
780:that was the most important. Stretching from 475
3268:
2807:. 4 (1927): 150–158. Retrieved 22 November 2010.
2759:Joseph Priestley: Catalyst of the Enlightenment
2700:. 88.45 (2010): 63. Retrieved 22 November 2010.
2628:(25 September 2009). Retrieved 1 November 2009.
1731:Joseph Priestley: Catalyst of the Enlightenment
835:
659:of the Susquehanna River). Shortly thereafter,
620:epidemic that had recently decimated the city.
501:, which began on the second anniversary of the
486:
359:in 1772, on land originally purchased from the
3297:Museums in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania
2359:. (1 October 1992). Retrieved 11 January 2008.
1926:
1924:
1922:
1920:
819:in Northumberland. Priestley's epitaph reads:
521:, but could not escape the political turmoil.
117:
92:
3307:Houses in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania
3087:Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission
3071:
2965:An History of the Corruptions of Christianity
2844:
2531:Glazer, Mike. "Scientist Discovered Oxygen".
2444:Bashore, Andrea. "Message From The Director"
2437:Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission
2427:(26 October 2009). Retrieved 1 November 2009.
2077:
2075:
990:Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission
846:Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission
787:An History of the Corruptions of Christianity
291:Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission
270:(and co-discoverer of oxygen), educator, and
2901:The History and Present State of Electricity
2573:. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 2003.
2450:42 (Fall 2008): 2–3. Retrieved 2 April 2009.
1901:
1899:
1897:
1895:
1893:
1379:Schofield, 324–32; Graham, 39–40, 48–50, 64.
1074:
1000:horse stalls, gardens, fences, and even the
830:I awake in the morning of the resurrection.
3292:National Historic Landmarks in Pennsylvania
2941:Disquisitions Relating to Matter and Spirit
2925:Institutes of Natural and Revealed Religion
2909:Essay on the First Principles of Government
2713:(14 August 2009). Retrieved 16 August 2009.
2615:(15 August 2009). Retrieved 17 August 2009.
2307:
2305:
1917:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1748:
1746:
1725:
1723:
1721:
1719:
604:Mary Priestley, who designed the house, by
378:, the village was evacuated as part of the
3078:
3064:
2851:
2837:
2741:. 87.14 (2009): 9. Retrieved 3 April 2009.
2072:
1538:Hirsch, 20–21; see also Schofield, 329–30.
1489:
1487:
1396:
1394:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1211:
1188:
1186:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1178:
828:I will lay me down in peace and sleep till
717:Joseph Priestley: Pennsylvania (1794–1804)
450:Pennsylvania Canal (North Branch Division)
347:, including in the area that would become
67:
2819:Friends of Joseph Priestley House Website
2754:(10 April 2009). Retrieved 12 April 2009.
2508:Garrett, Clarke. "Priestley's Religion".
2157:Richardson, "Current Interpretation", 21.
1890:
1856:
1854:
1839:Richardson, "Current Interpretation", 23.
1784:Richardson, "Current Interpretation", 20.
1691:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1616:A General History of the Christian Church
752:, of trying to poison them with arsenic.
47:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
2765:25.3 (1999). Retrieved 11 November 2007.
2600:Joseph Priestley and the Priestley House
2588:". 6 May 2009. Retrieved 17 August 2009.
2505:(19 March 2009). Retrieved 3 April 2009.
2302:
2266:
2264:
2262:
1773:
1743:
1716:
1556:Schofield, 329–38; Graham 53–54, 110–14.
1370:Richardson, "Current Interpretation", 22
1057:
963:
890:
839:
824:Return unto thy rest, O my soul, for the
768:, who used the advice when founding the
754:
673:
599:
470:
466:
404:
326:
3201:Pennsylvania Anthracite Heritage Museum
2620:Friends group to reopen Priestley House
2441:. 4 March 2009. Retrieved 3 April 2009.
2408:Priestley Chapel History: The Beginning
2345:"Detail Report: Joseph Priestley House"
2176:
2174:
2172:
1484:
1410:Priestley Chapel History: The Beginning
1391:
1251:"Detail Report: Joseph Priestley House"
1208:
1175:
946:
774:General History of the Christian Church
562:. Immediately upon his arrival, he was
3282:Historic house museums in Pennsylvania
3269:
2973:Lectures on History and General Policy
2788:Joseph Priestley: Discoverer of Oxygen
2678:Joseph Priestley in America, 1794–1804
2664:Joseph Priestley in America, 1794–1804
2510:Joseph Priestley in America, 1794–1804
2439:, Bureau of Historic Sites and Museums
2185:
2102:
2040:Joseph Priestley in America, 1794–1804
1851:
1680:
1668:Joseph Priestley: Discoverer of Oxygen
1662:
1660:
1263:Glazer, "Scientist Discovered Oxygen".
826:Lord hath dealt bountifully with thee.
588:First Unitarian Church of Philadelphia
3059:
2957:Letters to a Philosophical Unbeliever
2832:
2259:
984:vetoed the plan for lack of funding.
802:", he also did some original work on
3302:Biographical museums in Pennsylvania
2858:
2794:. (2004). Retrieved 5 January 2016.
2484:Paris: Chez Maradan, An IIIe. 1795.
2169:
2130:National Register of Historic Places
2122:
1472:Qtd. in Graham, 68; see also 71, 76.
1427:Garrett, "Priestley's Religion", 12.
1028:National Register of Historic Places
935:, the estate of his former employer
878:National Register of Historic Places
2650:United States National Park Service
2564:United States National Park Service
2401:United States National Park Service
2389:United States National Park Service
2352:Geographic Names Information System
1657:
1463:Qtd. in Graham, 61; see also 64–65.
1243:
1032:National Historic Chemical Landmark
665:Some Information Respecting America
13:
2991:
2414:. 2007. Retrieved 27 January 2008.
1040:Priestley-Forsyth Memorial Library
748:to falsely accuse Priestley's son
454:Lackawanna and Bloomsburg Railroad
21:Priestley-Forsyth Memorial Library
14:
3323:
3245:Washington Crossing Historic Park
2812:
513:were burned. The Priestleys fled
16:American home of Joseph Priestley
3253:
2877:The Rudiments of English Grammar
2323:
2314:
2293:
2284:
2275:
2248:
2239:
2230:
1131:
1036:Northumberland Historic District
882:Northumberland Historic District
116:
109:
91:
84:
3230:Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania
2771:Priestley in America, 1794–1804
2738:Chemical & Engineering News
2697:Chemical & Engineering News
2638:Chemical & Engineering News
2356:United States Geological Survey
2335:
2221:
2212:
2203:
2194:
2160:
2151:
2142:
2093:
2084:
2063:
2045:
2032:
2023:
2014:
2005:
1996:
1987:
1978:
1969:
1960:
1951:
1942:
1933:
1908:
1881:
1872:
1863:
1842:
1833:
1824:
1815:
1806:
1796:
1787:
1764:
1755:
1707:
1698:
1648:
1639:
1630:
1621:
1608:
1599:
1590:
1581:
1572:
1559:
1550:
1541:
1532:
1523:
1514:
1505:
1496:
1475:
1466:
1457:
1448:
1439:
1430:
1421:
1403:
1382:
1373:
1364:
1355:
1346:
1337:
1328:
1319:
1302:
1293:
1284:
1275:
56:U.S. National Historic Landmark
2763:Pennsylvania Heritage Magazine
1266:
1257:
1234:
1199:
1154:
1123:United States Postal Service's
630:
367:in 1768, as part of the first
217:
1:
2804:Journal of Chemical Education
2652:. Retrieved 15 November 2007.
2633:Celebrating Chemistry History
2566:. Retrieved 11 November 2007.
2482:Renseignemens sur l'Amérique.
2403:. Retrieved 11 November 2007.
2392:. Retrieved 11 November 2007.
2375:—. "Joseph Priestley House".
2139:", Reference Number 66000673.
975:Pennsylvania State University
710:
443:West Branch Susquehanna River
302:Pennsylvania State University
125:Show map of the United States
3220:State Museum of Pennsylvania
3211:Pennsylvania Military Museum
2824:Map of Northumberland County
2692:Priestley Museum Rededicated
2386:. NRHP Reference #66000673.
2372:. Retrieved 10 January 2008.
2364:Joseph Priestley Celebration
2052:Joseph Priestley Celebration
1172:Schofield, 346–47; Kieft, 7.
1095:came to visit the home. The
836:Architecture and landscaping
669:Renseignemens sur l'Amérique
487:Emigration to Northumberland
411:Northumberland, Pennsylvania
349:Northumberland, Pennsylvania
279:Northumberland, Pennsylvania
28:United States historic place
7:
3216:Pennsylvania State Archives
2757:Silverman, Sharon Hernes. "
2528:(13 December 1998): B1, B7.
2412:Priestley Chapel Associates
322:
10:
3328:
3240:Somerset Historical Center
3206:Pennsylvania Lumber Museum
1627:Qtd. in Schofield, 339–43.
1024:National Historic Landmark
714:
623:He considered settling in
573:University of Pennsylvania
490:
478:, painted late in life by
306:National Historic Landmark
18:
3251:
3093:
3002:
2989:
2866:
2792:American Chemical Society
2671:Enlightenment and Dissent
1160:Hirsch, 25; Bell, 517–18.
1075:American Chemical Society
872:highlights, such as "the
733:and the liberal novelist
517:and attempted to live in
456:opened with a train from
313:American Chemical Society
241:
233:
228:
216:NRHP reference
215:
201:
193:
185:
148:
134:
78:
66:
62:
53:
44:
37:
33:
3277:Houses completed in 1798
3040:Joseph Priestley College
2673:, no.28 (2012), 150–195.
2648:" (PDF). 17 March 1988.
2534:Williamsport Sun Gazette
2525:Williamsport Sun Gazette
2424:Williamsport Sun Gazette
1308:The ship's name was the
1148:
1026:and it was added to the
988:Eventually, in 1968 the
503:storming of the Bastille
499:Birmingham Riots of 1791
365:Province of Pennsylvania
202:Architectural style
100:Show map of Pennsylvania
3120:Conrad Weiser Homestead
3010:Priestley and education
2710:Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
2569:Hirsch, Alison Duncan.
2537:(13 December 1998): B1.
2517:John and Mary's Journal
1704:Qtd. in Schofield, 401.
1111:Smithsonian Institution
684:Samuel Taylor Coleridge
655:(between the North and
606:Carl Frederik von Breda
170:40.890500°N 76.789861°W
3235:Scranton Iron Furnaces
3181:Joseph Priestley House
3135:Eckley Miners' Village
3125:Daniel Boone Homestead
3105:Brandywine Battlefield
3025:Joseph Priestley House
2996:
2981:Theological Repository
2917:A New Chart of History
2783:(31 August 1941): XXI.
1975:Hirsch, 31; Kieft, 13.
1299:Hirsch, 25; Graham, 1.
1063:
1044:contributing structure
969:
896:
849:
833:
813:
804:spontaneous generation
770:University of Virginia
760:
679:
609:
551:of the previous year.
483:
414:
369:Treaty of Fort Stanwix
336:
253:Joseph Priestley House
39:Joseph Priestley House
3115:Cornwall Iron Furnace
3110:Bushy Run Battlefield
3015:Priestley and Dissent
2995:
2716:Schofield, Robert E.
2595:(April 1930): 218–20.
2593:Modern Language Notes
2558:Greenwood, Richard. "
1272:Kieft, 11; Bell, 531.
1061:
967:
959:Pennsylvania Railroad
894:
843:
821:
808:
758:
677:
603:
560:American independence
474:
467:Priestleys in America
408:
351:. Northumberland was
341:French and Indian War
330:
189:1 acre (0.40 ha)
175:40.890500; -76.789861
3186:Landis Valley Museum
3140:Erie Maritime Museum
2885:A Chart of Biography
2797:Walker, William H. "
2731:Schulz, William G. "
2644:McMinn, Douglas R. "
2631:MacDermott, Kevin. "
2410:". News and Events.
1343:Rail, 158; Kieft, 6.
1086:District of Columbia
947:Ownership and museum
911:The house faces the
735:Helen Maria Williams
543:. Their middle son,
511:religious Dissenters
428:North Shore Railroad
3191:Old Economy Village
2703:Rujumba, Karamagi "
2690:Rovner, Sophie L. "
1614:Priestley, Joseph.
1565:Priestley, Joseph.
1502:Park, 14-24, 52-57.
1361:Qtd. in Graham, 39.
880:nomination for the
549:September massacres
376:American Revolution
268:natural philosopher
242:Designated NHL
166: /
2997:
2984:(1770–73, 1784–88)
2780:The New York Times
2584:Hoffmann, Roald. "
2453:Bell, Herbert C. "
2382:2013-02-15 at the
2135:2013-02-15 at the
2115:2009-04-25 at the
2057:2007-11-01 at the
1736:2007-11-23 at the
1695:MacDermott, 43–44.
1654:Schofield, 352–72.
1636:Schofield, 390–92.
1605:Schofield, 405–06.
1415:2008-07-25 at the
1290:Schofield, 317–21.
1119:first day of issue
1064:
970:
897:
850:
761:
746:Reading Advertiser
731:John Hurford Stone
688:William Wordsworth
680:
610:
484:
430:to the southeast.
415:
390:meeting houses, a
345:Susquehanna Valley
337:
272:political theorist
3262:
3261:
3130:Drake Well Museum
3053:
3052:
3035:Priestley College
2786:Suplee, Curtis. "
2687:32 (1994): 60–70.
2618:Laepple, Wayne. "
2605:Laepple, Wayne. "
2369:Dickinson College
1587:Qtd. in Kieft, 8.
1493:Qtd. in Kieft, 7.
1121:ceremony for the
1013:Dickinson College
913:Susquehanna River
908:central section.
796:phlogiston theory
536:on June 4, 1794.
532:, and arrived in
507:French Revolution
435:Susquehanna River
355:around a central
249:
248:
229:Significant dates
3319:
3257:
3162:Fort Pitt Museum
3152:Ephrata Cloister
3080:
3073:
3066:
3057:
3056:
2860:Joseph Priestley
2853:
2846:
2839:
2830:
2829:
2768:Smith, Edgar F.
2659:11 (1947): 1–60.
2519:5 (1979): 17–28.
2480:Cooper, Thomas.
2348:
2330:
2327:
2321:
2318:
2312:
2309:
2300:
2297:
2291:
2288:
2282:
2279:
2273:
2268:
2257:
2252:
2246:
2243:
2237:
2234:
2228:
2225:
2219:
2216:
2210:
2207:
2201:
2198:
2192:
2189:
2183:
2178:
2167:
2164:
2158:
2155:
2149:
2146:
2140:
2126:
2120:
2106:
2100:
2097:
2091:
2088:
2082:
2079:
2070:
2067:
2061:
2049:
2043:
2036:
2030:
2027:
2021:
2018:
2012:
2009:
2003:
2000:
1994:
1991:
1985:
1982:
1976:
1973:
1967:
1964:
1958:
1955:
1949:
1948:Walker, 153–157.
1946:
1940:
1937:
1931:
1928:
1915:
1912:
1906:
1903:
1888:
1885:
1879:
1876:
1870:
1867:
1861:
1858:
1849:
1848:Qtd. in Kieft, 8
1846:
1840:
1837:
1831:
1828:
1822:
1819:
1813:
1810:
1804:
1800:
1794:
1791:
1785:
1782:
1771:
1768:
1762:
1759:
1753:
1750:
1741:
1727:
1714:
1711:
1705:
1702:
1696:
1693:
1678:
1664:
1655:
1652:
1646:
1643:
1637:
1634:
1628:
1625:
1619:
1612:
1606:
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580:Philadelphia
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1860:Hirsch, 30.
1821:Hirsch, 29.
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197:1794 - 1798
173: /
149:Coordinates
3271:Categories
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2311:Kieft, 14.
1984:Kieft, 13.
1400:Bowers, 3.
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870:Federalist
725:published
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711:Last years
692:Birmingham
625:Germantown
595:Millennium
568:John Adams
515:Birmingham
491:See also:
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287:Federalist
261:Dissenting
257:theologian
3144:Flagship
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2133:Archived
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323:Location
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223:66000673
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3094:Museums
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2191:Dandes.
1966:Snyder.
750:William
742:malaria
704:Memoirs
696:utopian
614:Quakers
545:William
441:of the
409:Map of
392:brewery
363:by the
210:Federal
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519:London
423:patent
400:potash
394:, two
384:Quaker
317:oxygen
3003:Other
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1149:Notes
1002:privy
564:fêted
285:with
194:Built
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2575:ISBN
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