31:
376:. Boyden now admitted he had erroneously identified himself as Mi'kmaq in the past. He continued to identify as a "white kid with native roots", Ojibway on his mother's side and Nipmuc on his father's side. He denied that he had relied on his identity as an Indigenous person to popularize his books, and he stated he had only won one literary prize based on heritage and little money. He did, however, apologize for taking up too much of the "air space" and stated he would do less public speaking, thus allowing for Indigenous voices to be heard in the media.
414:
issue of the Globe and Mail: "the OMAA ... is a complicated and in many ways troubled organization held in low esteem by some prominent MĂ©tis
Canadians for its legal and financial misadventures over the years, and its lax membership policy that does not require any proof of Indigenous ancestry. Nor does the group provide "status cards" – Indian status can only be conferred by the federal government. The ID Joseph Boyden flourishes like a trump in his affidavit is little more than a piece of paper."
359:, and others wrote about the controversy in national media. They asked on what basis Boyden felt he had expertise to represent issues if he was not Indigenous, and asked to whom he was accountable, as some of the positions he was presenting seemed out of line with ongoing work in Indigenous communities.
413:
During the defence of a lawsuit, Boyden had provided a photocopy of his "status card", a document appearing to be an ID card for the
Ontario MĂ©tis Aboriginal Association (also known as the Woodland MĂ©tis Tribe). Research by journalist Eric Andrew Gee led to the following comment in the 7 August 2017
322:
article titled, "The Double Life of Injun Joe", in which the author reports that he has no "Indian blood." Barrera's search of Boyden’s family tree could not locate any
Indigenous ancestry. Boyden’s mother, who was briefly interviewed via telephone by Barrera, said that her son was researching her
1408:
The "pretendian" phenomenon in Canada can be traced back to at least the 1930s... But the term itself didn't gain traction in Canada until late 2016, when
Indigenous journalists started pointing out the inconsistencies in bestselling author Joseph Boyden's proclaimed Indigenous roots. Today, it's
288:
Joseph Boyden is primarily of Irish and
Scottish ancestry. A number of Indigenous writers and researchers came forward to publicly state that Boyden did not have the right to speak on behalf of any Indigenous community because he was not a First Nations citizen and ultimately not Indigenous.
409:
The public revelations about Boyden’s roots threatened to impact the release of his new fiction novel. Ojibway filmmaker Lisa
Meeches stepped forward to adopt Boyden as a spiritual sibling, saying she was motivated both by her brother's recent death and a desire to protect Boyden’s work.
942:
1256:
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magazine. He is the co-creator of
Sweetwater Writers Workshop in Parry Sound, Ontario, Canada. Sweetwater Writers Workshop offers one-on-one mentorships, creative writing workshops and hosts retreats.
2785:
1136:
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394:
which listed "Native
American DNA". For Boyden’s critics, the results mean little, as broad DNA categories do not constitute membership to a nation. According to First Nations genetics expert
362:
On
January 12, 2017, Boyden gave his first public interviews since the appearance of the APTN article. He personally selected the interviewers, who were both friends of his, Mark Medley of
326:
Boyden, who had refused an interview with APTN for the article, responded by
Twitter on December 24. He stated that he admitted he'd called himself MĂ©tis, but only meant the term to mean
30:
398:, DNA testing for Native ancestry as a racial category is not scientifically possible, and is often confused with DNA testing that confirms specific familial lineage. Boyden’s ex-wife
713:(editor) Toronto: Penguin Canada, 2014. (An anthology with more than fifty contributors to raise awareness of the crisis facing Indigenous women in Canada, with all proceeds going to
1281:
1459:
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article, "Author Joseph Boyden's shape-shifting Indigenous identity" by Jorge Barrera, was published December 23, 2016. Barrera's article investigates Boyden’s past claims of
897:
1248:
1107:
1527:
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344:. Tabobondung, who is from Wasauksing, followed up to find his family connection and could not. However, Boyden's family did own a private island near the community.
1059:
659:
1485:
924:
239:. The ninth of eleven children, he is the son of Blanche (Gosling) and Raymond Wilfrid Boyden, a medical officer renowned for his bravery, who was awarded the
2216:
2740:
598:
2795:
577:"for his contributions as an author, who tells stories of our common heritage, and for his social engagement, notably in support of First Nations".
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blood from... Greenland", and stated that Joseph "has no DNA that can be traced to the First Nations people in Canada or the Americas at large".
1085:
990:
2775:
2760:
1273:
570:
Boyden was awarded the Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal in 2013. He was on the board of the Canadian Civil Liberties Association.
2730:
964:
312:. Barrera brought to light facts surrounding Boyden’s uncle Earl Boyden, who went by the name "Injun Joe". Earl Boyden was an artist in
2745:
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1707:
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383:
and other researchers turned up inconsistencies in Boyden’s claims and failed to find any native ancestry in his background.
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1460:"Rape, infidelity and the detonation of a marriage: Novelist Amanda Boyden's tumultuous life has led to new memoir"
1335:
841:
36:
1041:
436:
263:
280:
As a public speaker, Boyden regularly addressed Indigenous Canadian, environmental, and mental health issues.
2715:
1729:
1639:"Trent University Announces Five Honorary Degree Recipients to be Recognized at 2014 Convocation Ceremonies"
883:
402:
was asked about the DNA testing in a 2020 interview, and described the results as showing "a few drops of
2226:
2014:
1826:
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240:
1575:
466:
with his wife Laura and their two sons. In 2019, Boyden wrote about coming home and finding new life in
2086:
1754:
512:
255:
2800:
898:"Joseph Boyden's statement about his indigenous roots doesn't address main controversy, academics sa"
259:
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Boyden’s claims to Indigenous heritage subsequently became the subject of public dispute when an
175:
125:
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1060:"Prominent authors face backlash over letter to UBC over Steven Galloway firing - Toronto Star"
236:
103:
1223:
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2157:
2117:
1747:
1688:"Joseph Boyden wins $ 50K Giller Prize Author vows to 'always write about the First Nations'"
943:"Joseph Boyden must take responsibility for misrepresenting heritage, says Indigenous writer"
714:
463:
270:
1249:
A DNA test won’t explain Elizabeth Warren’s ancestry (You're not 28 percent Finnish, either)
2695:
2589:
2122:
1979:
1878:
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628:
499:
201:
196:
143:
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1601:
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during 1998–2010, where he served as writer-in-residence. He was also a lecturer with the
8:
2181:
1991:
1943:
809:
224:
60:
459:, in which she wrote about the circumstances that brought on the end of their marriage.
347:
Over the next weeks a series of Indigenous writers, activists and politicians including
2613:
1967:
1712:
1665:
1368:
364:
352:
327:
293:
121:
1336:"First Nations filmmaker in Manitoba adopting Joseph Boyden as her brother | CBC News"
2581:
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2312:
1890:
670:
525:
2648:
2462:
2411:
2288:
2245:
2110:
2026:
2009:
1986:
1907:
1868:
1821:
1392:"The Great Pretenders: How two faux-Inuit sisters cashed in on a life of deception"
1300:"Amanda Boyden's "I Got the Dog" Is a Fierce, Funny Account of Marriage to a Fraud"
827:
551:
335:
2573:
2522:
2482:
2387:
2371:
2320:
2093:
2081:
1873:
1809:
1797:
1739:
1137:"Joseph Boyden addresses his heritage in exclusive interview with Candy Palmater"
863:"Joseph Boyden wades into 'very sacred' territory with residential school ballet"
647:
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247:
162:
107:
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1931:
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1802:
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538:
432:
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137:
1181:"Joseph Boyden's first interview 'a start' but it leaves unanswered questions"
2689:
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2557:
2474:
2427:
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2152:
2062:
2033:
1322:""He has agreed to be my brother" Why Lisa Meeches is adopting Joseph Boyden"
902:
448:
399:
283:
739:"The making of Joseph Boyden: Indigenous identity and a complicated history"
2621:
2419:
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1938:
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663:
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1950:
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1814:
330:. He continued to assert his maternal Ojibway and paternal Nipmuc roots.
189:
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84:
1638:
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2045:
641:
419:
380:
297:
228:
211:
199:, the legendary First World War sniper. Joseph Boyden's second novel,
149:
64:
1409:
used to broadly describe fakers who claim to be Indigenous but aren't.
209:. The third novel in the Bird family trilogy was published in 2013 as
2605:
2050:
1224:"Joseph Boyden Won't Find Indigenous Identity In A Test Tube Of Spit"
348:
1445:"Who Uses Their Ex-wife to Sell a Valentine's Day Writing Workshop?"
925:"Joseph Boyden Defends Indigenous Ancestry After APTN Investigation"
2781:
Canadian people who self-identify as being of First Nations descent
1598:"Algoma's Honorary Degree Recipient is Giller Prize Winning Author"
1086:"What it means to be Indigenous: Boyden raises difficult questions"
391:
243:
and was the most highly decorated medical officer of World War II.
167:
80:
1108:"Boyden admits to mistakes, backs down as indigenous spokesperson"
301:
273:
to write a ballet about residential schools in Canada. His ballet
309:
254:
in 1995. He was a professor in the Aboriginal Student Program at
232:
68:
1502:
1202:"Things Joseph Boyden Has Claimed To Be But Is Not - CANADALAND"
452:
305:
193:
2224:
573:
On December 30, 2015, Boyden was appointed as a Member of the
2786:
Canadian people who self-identify as being of Mi'kmaq descent
205:, follows the story of Will, son of one of the characters in
439:, calling his politics "race-baiting" and "fear-mongering".
379:
Reaction to the interviews was mixed. Subsequent reports by
2791:
Canadian people who self-identify as being of MĂ©tis descent
1285:
1260:
788:"Author Joseph Boyden's shape-shifting Indigenous identity"
185:
417:
One long-term result of this controversy is that the word
284:
Controversies surrounding genealogy and tribal affiliation
1158:"Reaction To Joseph Boyden's New Interviews - CANADALAND"
1528:"Honorary Degree Recipients | Nipissing University"
705:
Extraordinary Canadians: Louis Riel And Gabriel Dumont.
699:
From Mushkegowuk to New Orleans: A Mixed Blood Highway.
1660:
General, The Office of the Secretary to the Governor.
597:
Toronto: Penguin Canada, 2005. (winner, the inaugural
451:
from 1995 to 2018. In 2020, Amanda Boyden published a
1617:"Joseph Boyden receives honorary degree from Humber"
1274:
There is no DNA test to prove you’re Native American
884:"Why I Question Joseph Boyden's Indigenous Ancestry"
277:
premiered in 2014 and travelled across the country.
1319:
991:"Can Joseph Boyden make amends with First Nations?"
390:magazine, Joseph Boyden stated that he had taken a
1769:
599:McNally Robinson Aboriginal Book of the Year Award
478:
340:revealed Boyden had told her that he was from the
1320:Robinson-Desjarlais, Shaneen (January 16, 2017).
188:soldiers serving in the Canadian military during
2687:
304:ancestry as well as his current claims of being
1442:
965:"There is room in our circle for Joseph Boyden"
1423:"Author Joseph Boyden takes on Stephen Harper"
1042:"What Colour Is Your Beadwork, Joseph Boyden?"
633:Toronto: Penguin Canada, 2008. (winner of the
269:In 2014 Boyden accepted a commission from the
266:'s Creative Writing Program during 2013–2015.
2210:
1755:
1576:"Over 400 graduates urged to be individuals"
1457:
1266:
781:
779:
777:
333:Subsequently, Rebeka Tabobondung, editor of
174:writer. He is best known for writing about
2217:
2203:
1762:
1748:
1297:
1131:
1129:
758:
756:
275:Going Home Star – Truth and Reconciliation
29:
2741:21st-century Canadian short story writers
774:
2796:Race-related controversies in literature
1350:"Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada"
1241:
1178:
603:Amazon/Books in Canada First Novel Award
372:, a comedian who occasionally worked at
250:and received an MFA in Fiction from the
1573:
1126:
989:Taylor, Drew Hayden (13 January 2017).
785:
753:
2766:Canadian people of Greenlandic descent
2688:
1614:
1476:
1389:
988:
166:(born October 31, 1966) is a Canadian
2198:
1743:
962:
1732:, item at English-Canadian writers,
1615:Barnes, Kateryna (31 October 2013).
1484:. Georgian Bay Today. Archived from
1017:"Joseph Boyden, where are you from?"
1014:
2776:Canadian people of Scottish descent
2761:Amazon.ca First Novel Award winners
1956:Bloodletting & Miraculous Cures
1920:The In-Between World of Vikram Lall
1659:
1574:Leonard, Allison (27 August 2012).
1443:Joseph Goodrich (26 January 2021).
890:
786:Barrera, Jorge (23 December 2016).
618:International Dublin Literary Award
607:Rogers Writers' Trust Fiction Prize
423:became more widely used in Canada.
258:during 1995–1997. He taught at the
13:
2731:21st-century Canadian male writers
1723:
1458:Laurie Gough (28 September 2020).
1420:
218:
14:
2812:
2746:University of New Orleans faculty
2726:Canadian male short story writers
1708:"Boyden wins literature's Giller"
1641:. Trent University. 11 March 2014
1280:. February 5, 2014. Web. n. pag.
1179:Fontaine, Tim (12 January 2017).
1015:King, Hayden (28 December 2016).
650:, 2013. (longlisted for the 2013
2771:Canadian people of Irish descent
2711:University of New Orleans alumni
1662:"The Governor General of Canada"
679:
442:
2736:21st-century Canadian novelists
2706:People from Willowdale, Toronto
1736:, by J. McKay; with links added
1701:
1680:
1653:
1631:
1608:
1590:
1567:
1545:
1520:
1495:
1470:
1451:
1436:
1414:
1383:
1356:
1342:
1328:
1313:
1291:
1216:
1194:
1172:
1150:
1100:
1078:
1052:
1034:
1008:
982:
956:
935:
917:
711:Kwe: Standing With Our Sisters.
688:Toronto: Cormorant Books, 2001.
580:
479:Honorary doctorates and degrees
2751:Members of the Order of Canada
1298:AC Jackson (15 October 2020).
1288:. Retrieved September 3, 2017.
1263:. Retrieved September 3, 2017.
1255:. June 29, 2016. Web. n. pag.
876:
855:
834:
816:
802:
731:
692:
675:Toronto: Penguin Canada, 2016.
654:, shortlisted nominee for the
622:2005 Governor General's Awards
437:2015 Canadian federal election
386:In an August 2, 2017 essay in
316:and was the subject of a 1956
264:University of British Columbia
235:, and attended the Jesuit-run
1:
1690:. CBC News. November 11, 2008
1364:"The making of Joseph Boyden"
963:Kinew, Wab (3 January 2017).
823:Author Profile: Joseph Boyden
724:
707:Toronto: Penguin Canada, 2010
656:2013 Governor General's Award
447:Boyden was married to author
246:Boyden studied humanities at
1555:. Wilfrid Laurier University
1507:Sweet Water Writers Workshop
1390:Brunet, Jonah (2024-02-14).
810:"Author's claims questioned"
37:Eden Mills Writers' Festival
7:
2227:Amazon.ca First Novel Award
556:Honorary Doctor of Letters
517:Honorary Doctor of Letters
504:Honorary Doctor of Letters
426:
241:Distinguished Service Order
79:professor, writing mentor,
10:
2817:
2087:Do Not Say We Have Nothing
764:"My name is Joseph Boyden"
513:Wilfrid Laurier University
473:
2640:
2549:
2454:
2363:
2272:
2233:
2133:
2002:
1861:
1778:
585:
565:
431:In 2015 Boyden condemned
260:University of New Orleans
252:University of New Orleans
223:Joseph Boyden grew up in
132:
117:
112:University of New Orleans
99:
91:
75:
44:
28:
21:
1884:Mercy among the Children
1839:The Love of a Good Woman
1259:August 19, 2017 via the
842:"Faculty: Joseph Boyden"
616:longlisted for the 2007
2721:Canadian male novelists
2170:The Sleeping Car Porter
2141:Souvankham Thammavongsa
1477:Boyden, Joseph (2019).
1284:March 15, 2017 via the
715:Amnesty International's
652:Scotiabank Giller Prize
635:Scotiabank Giller Prize
342:Wasauksing First Nation
2146:How to Pronounce Knife
718:No More Stolen Sisters
701:Edmonton: NeWest, 2008
237:Brebeuf College School
104:Brebeuf College School
2158:What Strange Paradise
1479:"The Shortest Season"
798:on December 24, 2016.
662:, winner of the 2014
464:Georgian Bay, Ontario
271:Royal Winnipeg Ballet
2716:Writers from Toronto
1980:Through Black Spruce
1879:David Adams Richards
1734:Athabasca University
1716:, November 11, 2008.
886:. December 24, 2016.
741:. The Globe and Mail
629:Through Black Spruce
620:; nominated for the
609:, 2006; included in
500:Nipissing University
202:Through Black Spruce
197:Francis Pegahmagabow
184:, a novel about two
144:Through Black Spruce
128:heritage and culture
2182:Study for Obedience
2015:The Sentimentalists
1944:The Time in Between
1791:The Book of Secrets
1048:. 30 December 2016.
931:. 25 December 2016.
484:
2614:Katherena Vermette
1968:Late Nights on Air
1770:Recipients of the
1713:The Globe and Mail
1668:on 31 January 2017
1369:The Globe and Mail
1204:. 29 December 2016
1112:The Globe and Mail
1066:. 16 November 2016
1021:The Globe and Mail
995:The Globe and Mail
969:The Globe and Mail
792:APTN National News
483:
468:Georgian Bay Today
462:Boyden lives near
365:The Globe and Mail
353:Drew Hayden Taylor
323:family's history.
294:APTN National News
192:, was inspired by
122:historical fiction
2683:
2682:
2582:Anakana Schofield
2499:Michel Basilières
2404:Deborah Joy Corey
2313:Heather Robertson
2192:
2191:
1891:Richard B. Wright
1553:"Honorary Awards"
1464:The National Post
1160:. 13 January 2017
1114:. 11 January 2017
828:Quill & Quire
686:Born With a Tooth
612:Canada Reads 2006
563:
562:
526:Algoma University
156:
155:
2808:
2801:Racial impostors
2676:
2668:
2660:
2652:
2633:
2625:
2617:
2609:
2601:
2593:
2585:
2577:
2569:
2561:
2542:
2534:
2526:
2518:
2510:
2502:
2494:
2486:
2478:
2470:
2463:David Macfarlane
2447:
2439:
2431:
2423:
2415:
2412:Shyam Selvadurai
2407:
2399:
2391:
2383:
2375:
2356:
2348:
2340:
2332:
2324:
2316:
2308:
2300:
2292:
2289:W. D. Valgardson
2284:
2265:
2257:
2249:
2246:Michael Ondaatje
2219:
2212:
2205:
2196:
2195:
2111:Washington Black
2027:Half-Blood Blues
2010:Johanna Skibsrud
1992:The Bishop's Man
1987:Linden MacIntyre
1908:The Polished Hoe
1869:Michael Ondaatje
1827:Barney's Version
1822:Mordecai Richler
1764:
1757:
1750:
1741:
1740:
1717:
1705:
1699:
1698:
1696:
1695:
1684:
1678:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1664:. Archived from
1657:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1646:
1635:
1629:
1628:
1626:
1624:
1612:
1606:
1605:
1600:. Archived from
1594:
1588:
1587:
1585:
1583:
1571:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1560:
1549:
1543:
1542:
1540:
1539:
1530:. Archived from
1524:
1518:
1517:
1515:
1513:
1499:
1493:
1492:
1491:on 29 July 2021.
1490:
1483:
1474:
1468:
1467:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1440:
1434:
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1431:
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1387:
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1360:
1354:
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1346:
1340:
1339:
1332:
1326:
1325:
1317:
1311:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1295:
1289:
1272:Geddes, Linda. "
1270:
1264:
1245:
1239:
1238:
1236:
1235:
1220:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1198:
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1189:
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1167:
1165:
1154:
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1145:
1143:
1133:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1104:
1098:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1088:. 6 January 2017
1082:
1076:
1075:
1073:
1071:
1064:The Toronto Star
1056:
1050:
1049:
1038:
1032:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1012:
1006:
1005:
1003:
1001:
986:
980:
979:
977:
975:
960:
954:
953:
951:
949:
939:
933:
932:
921:
915:
914:
912:
911:
894:
888:
887:
880:
874:
873:
871:
869:
859:
853:
852:
850:
848:
838:
832:
820:
814:
813:
812:. 18 March 2017.
806:
800:
799:
794:. Archived from
783:
772:
771:
770:. 2 August 2017.
760:
751:
750:
748:
746:
735:
637:, November 2008)
552:Trent University
543:Honorary degree
530:Honorary degree
485:
482:
336:Muskrat Magazine
256:Northern College
165:
58:
55:October 31, 1966
54:
52:
33:
19:
18:
2816:
2815:
2811:
2810:
2809:
2807:
2806:
2805:
2756:Indspire Awards
2686:
2685:
2684:
2679:
2671:
2663:
2655:
2647:
2636:
2628:
2620:
2612:
2604:
2596:
2588:
2580:
2574:David Bezmozgis
2572:
2564:
2556:
2545:
2537:
2529:
2523:Madeleine Thien
2521:
2513:
2505:
2497:
2489:
2483:Michael Redhill
2481:
2473:
2461:
2450:
2442:
2436:Margaret Gibson
2434:
2426:
2418:
2410:
2402:
2394:
2388:Rohinton Mistry
2386:
2378:
2372:Sandra Birdsell
2370:
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1604:on 2014-02-09.
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1578:. The Sputnik
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457:I Got the Dog
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443:Personal life
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20:
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2444:André Alexis
2420:Keath Fraser
2353:Rick Salutin
2281:Clark Blaise
2262:Joan Barfoot
2180:
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2165:Suzette Mayr
2156:
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2123:Reproduction
2121:
2118:Ian Williams
2109:
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2075:Fifteen Dogs
2073:
2070:André Alexis
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2025:
2013:
1990:
1978:
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1966:
1954:
1942:
1939:David Bergen
1930:
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1896:Clara Callan
1894:
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1874:Anil's Ghost
1872:
1851:A Good House
1849:
1837:
1825:
1813:
1801:
1789:
1772:Giller Prize
1711:
1703:
1692:. Retrieved
1682:
1670:. Retrieved
1666:the original
1655:
1643:. Retrieved
1633:
1621:. Retrieved
1610:
1602:the original
1592:
1580:. Retrieved
1569:
1557:. Retrieved
1547:
1536:. Retrieved
1532:the original
1522:
1510:. Retrieved
1506:
1497:
1486:the original
1472:
1463:
1453:
1438:
1426:. Retrieved
1416:
1407:
1401:. Retrieved
1397:Toronto Life
1395:
1385:
1374:. Retrieved
1372:. 2017-11-12
1367:
1358:
1344:
1330:
1315:
1303:. Retrieved
1293:
1278:NewScientist
1277:
1268:
1252:
1243:
1232:. Retrieved
1230:. 2017-08-04
1227:
1218:
1206:. Retrieved
1196:
1184:. Retrieved
1174:
1162:. Retrieved
1152:
1140:. Retrieved
1116:. Retrieved
1111:
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1080:
1068:. Retrieved
1063:
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994:
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968:
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946:. Retrieved
937:
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908:. Retrieved
906:. 2017-01-13
901:
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866:. Retrieved
857:
845:. Retrieved
836:
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804:
796:the original
791:
767:
743:. Retrieved
733:
710:
704:
698:
685:
669:
666:competition)
664:Canada Reads
640:
627:
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591:
581:Bibliography
572:
569:
488:Institution
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396:Kim Tallbear
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2696:1966 births
2630:Casey Plett
2598:Alix Hawley
2590:Wayne Grady
2539:Joan Thomas
2531:Gil Adamson
2491:Mary Lawson
2254:Oonah McFee
2106:Esi Edugyan
2022:Esi Edugyan
1951:Vincent Lam
1927:Alice Munro
1834:Alice Munro
1815:Alias Grace
1305:13 February
768:Macleans.ca
693:Non-fiction
435:during the
328:mixed blood
190:World War I
172:short story
92:Nationality
85:short story
2690:Categories
2380:Nino Ricci
2297:Joy Kogawa
2046:Lynn Coady
1694:2009-10-05
1672:20 January
1538:2013-07-16
1503:"About Us"
1428:10 October
1403:2024-02-27
1376:2018-09-07
1234:2017-08-12
1228:CANADALAND
1208:20 January
1186:20 January
1164:20 January
1142:20 January
1118:20 January
1092:20 January
1070:20 January
1026:20 January
1000:20 January
974:20 January
948:20 January
910:2018-09-07
868:1 February
725:References
642:The Orenda
420:pretendian
404:indigenous
381:Canadaland
229:North York
225:Willowdale
212:The Orenda
150:The Orenda
76:Occupation
65:North York
61:Willowdale
51:1966-10-31
2606:Mona Awad
2051:Hellgoing
745:3 October
720:campaign)
646:Toronto:
388:Maclean's
349:Wab Kinew
319:Maclean's
178:culture.
1282:Archived
1257:Archived
847:March 7,
427:Politics
392:DNA test
168:novelist
95:Canadian
81:novelist
71:, Canada
1932:Runaway
671:Wenjack
474:Honours
310:Ojibway
298:Mi'kmaq
233:Ontario
69:Ontario
39:in 2013
2675:(2023)
2667:(2022)
2659:(2021)
2651:(2020)
2632:(2019)
2624:(2018)
2616:(2017)
2608:(2016)
2600:(2015)
2592:(2014)
2584:(2013)
2576:(2012)
2568:(2011)
2560:(2010)
2541:(2009)
2533:(2008)
2525:(2007)
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2509:(2005)
2501:(2004)
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2485:(2002)
2477:(2001)
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2430:(1997)
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2398:(1993)
2390:(1992)
2382:(1991)
2374:(1990)
2355:(1989)
2347:(1988)
2339:(1987)
2331:(1986)
2323:(1985)
2315:(1984)
2307:(1983)
2299:(1982)
2291:(1981)
2283:(1980)
2264:(1979)
2256:(1978)
2248:(1977)
2185:(2023)
2173:(2022)
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1730:Boyden
586:Novels
566:Others
491:Award
453:memoir
368:, and
306:Nipmuc
300:, and
194:Ojibwa
87:writer
2641:2020s
2550:2010s
2455:2000s
2364:1990s
2273:1980s
2234:1970s
2134:2020s
2003:2010s
1862:2000s
1779:1990s
1645:5 May
1623:5 May
1582:5 May
1559:5 May
1512:5 May
1489:(PDF)
1482:(PDF)
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559:2014
546:2013
533:2013
520:2012
507:2009
302:MĂ©tis
118:Genre
2465:and
2244:and
1674:2017
1647:2024
1625:2024
1584:2024
1561:2024
1514:2024
1430:2015
1307:2021
1210:2017
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1046:Vice
1028:2017
1002:2017
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870:2016
849:2014
747:2018
658:for
308:and
186:Cree
170:and
83:and
45:Born
2039:419
1276:."
825:in
374:CBC
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