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224:. Each icon depicts the lives of three months of the year and represents all martyrs at the instant of their cruel death, while the other saints are depicted frontally, standing full-size. Each saint is accompanied with a caption bearing their name and specifying either their martyrdom or peaceful death. John's icon of the
143:. John extensively used Georgian inscriptions on his icons. Such combination of Greek and Georgian languages in the inscriptions of the icons indicates that John belonged to Byzantine culture, but at the same time he underlined his nationality. He was most probably active and educated in one of the monasteries of
250:
which was a palladium of the
Byzantine capital. All inscriptions reveal that John was also the donor of the icons. John, with his complex panel wanted to explicitly demonstrate that, together with Christian dogmas and theological ideas, the icons manifest the identities of people. Some of the images
305:. It is unknown when these icons appeared on Sinai, or who donated them to St. Catherine's Monastery, but it is highly probable that this very monastery was an original “destinatiion” for the icons, for a large Georgian colony that had been active there for centuries, well-documented since
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Lord, Jesus Christ, make me, who ardently made the icon of the Second Coming and of all your saints, worthy to be on your right, during your Second Coming in Glory. Unworthy priest monk Ioane (i.e. John) Tohabi.
134:
Little is known about early life of John. He calls himself in
Georgian texts, "humble John"; “wretched old man”, "pitiable old man" and “miserable among monks” in Greek. He declares his adherence to the
301:
Taking into account the accompanied
Georgian and Greek inscriptions, it could be supposed that the icons were intended either for the bilingual monastic brethren or a Georgian monastery outside of the
922:
Lidova, Maria (2009) The Artist’s
Signature in Byzantium. Six Icons by Ioannes Tohabi in Sinai Monastery (11th-12th century); Opera Nomina Historiae. Giornale di cultura artistica;
956:(2014) Zaza Skhirtladze: The Image of the Virgin on the Sinai Hexaptych and the Apse Mosaic of Hagia Sophia, Constantinople; Vol. 68, pp. 369–386; Trustees for
344:
313:
chapel, which was the primary sanctuary of their community. The very donation of John's icons served to enhance the standing of their group at the monastery. A
309:. Increasing the presence of the Georgians on Mount Sinai seems to have been important in the tenth and eleventh centuries when improvements were made to the
977:
982:
987:
35:
1002:
228:
is now damaged, but its constituent motifs may still be determined. The reverse of all six icons has a Greek epigram written in
897:
907:
220:
John's every calendar icon is divided in nine horizontal stripes, each of them usually displaying ten small scenes on the
276:
John has two self-portraits on his icons depicting himself prostrated and praying. His prayer written in the
Georgian
236:
and the Last
Judgment panels, have bilingual Georgian-Greek inscriptions. Georgian is written with medieval monastic
923:
147:, and would later move to live at the Saint Catherine's monastery. The meaning behind his family name or nickname
119:
941:(2017) Nina Chichinadze: Representing Identities, The Icon of Ioane Tokhabi from Sinai; 130 (3-4), 401–420.
17:
997:
992:
896:
Kalopissi-Verti, Sophia (1994) Painters' Portraits in
Byzantine Art, Χριστιανική Αρχαιολογική Εταιρεία;
263:. He used sophisticated and poetic words on his icons. It's been suggested that John might have painted
126:
and its monastic community, originally all displayed together for the decoration of the entire church.
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136:
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Lidova, Maria (2011) Иконы Иоанна Тохаби из собрания Синайского монастыря; Indrik
Publishing,
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324:
265:
8:
911:
181:
John left extensive tradition and legacy of icon painting. His
Christological cycle, the
167:, showing saints of December, January and February, painted by John Tohabi, 11th century
957:
302:
195:
410:
within western art, white turbans with tassels hanging down were used to identify the
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in her lap for forgiveness of his sins. The upper detail from John's icon, the
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John portrays himself as a kneeling worshipper at the feet of the enthroned
414:. Figures with turbans "in the lake of fire" are found in the image of the
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script, characteristic of the eleventh century. The icon includes the
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246:, representing the Virgin with the caressing standing Child, and
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and
Nicolette Trahoulia to the first half of the 12th century.
385:
and Maria Sotiriou date John's icons late 11th century, while
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meter style, while individual figures, compositions on the
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which was later reinforced or completed by his heir, King
151:
remains unknown. It is not recorded in any other sources.
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of John might have influenced the commissioning of the
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created by John are similar to the depictions from the
902:
Bhalla, Niamh (2021) Experiencing the Last Judgement,
406:. Although turbans were primarily used to designate
280:
script in seven lines is placed below the enthroned
255:
monastery. Some of his figures are depicted wearing
205:
of John preserved on Sinai. Four of them constitute
964:
173:, kept at the Saint Catherine's Monastery, in
79:
139:and is extremely concerned for his personal
211:(calendar icons) and the fifth depicts the
978:Religious leaders from Georgia (country)
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14:
983:Christian monks from Georgia (country)
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898:National Documentation Centre (Greece)
402:and Byzantine citizens as a matter of
100:late 11th - early 12th century) was a
363:. Sinai, Saint Catherine’s monastery.
988:Byzantine people of Georgian descent
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924:Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa
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114:whose works were donated in the
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353:. He appears appealing to the
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292:on the Last Judgment icon:
120:Saint Catherine's Monastery
27:Georgian priest and painter
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325:David IV the Builder
266:Crucifixion of Jesus
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196:Life of the Virgin
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321:Khakhuli triptych
283:Christ in Majesty
104:ordained priest,
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286:and above the
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92:ioane toẖabi
81:იოანე თოჴაბი
71:
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18:John Tokhabi
356:Child Jesus
124:Mount Sinai
72:John Tohabi
967:Categories
430:References
289:Hetoimasia
248:Hodegetria
234:menologium
222:tetraptych
208:menologium
170:tetraptych
165:Menologium
938:Le Muséon
932:2036-8755
400:Georgians
329:Demetre I
316:polyptych
311:St George
202:hexaptych
141:salvation
87:romanized
323:by King
278:Nuskhuri
239:Nuskhuri
187:and the
184:Miracles
102:Georgian
76:Georgian
62:khelrtva
418:in the
408:Muslims
404:fashion
257:turbans
118:to the
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918:Moscow
906:
273:icon.
149:Tohabi
78::
369:Notes
297:Amen.
175:Egypt
155:Icons
928:ISSN
904:ISBN
412:Jews
261:hell
130:Life
110:and
943:doi
259:in
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122:on
97:fl.
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74:(
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20:)
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