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983:. He argued against what he saw as the reactionary and coercive practices of some Catholic bishops and instead advocated participation in substantive public debate, which he suggested offered a better appeal to public virtue. Instead of civic coercion, he argued, presenting moral opinions in the context of public discourse enabled Americans to deepen their moral commitments and to safeguard the "genius" of American freedoms.
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declared that he had been responsible for incorporating /the US secular doctrines of church-state separation and freedom of conscience in to the spiritual tradition of Roman
Catholicism" despite the efforts of the "ultra conservative" faction in the Church.
1158:. He suggested greater reforms, including a restructuring of the Church, which he saw as having overdeveloped its notion of authority and hierarchy at the expense of the bonds of love that had from the start defined the authentically Christian life.
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Murray then turned to questions of how the Church might arrive at new theological doctrines. He argued that
Catholics who arrived at new truths about God would have to do so in conversation "on a footing of equality" with non-Catholics and
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led many
Catholics to complain that he endangered American Catholic faith, which then recommended minimal co-operation with non-Catholics for fear that lay Catholic faith would be weakened.
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classifications. He supported the allowance of a classification for those opposed on moral grounds to some but not all wars, but that recommendation was not accepted by the
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1322:"Book Review: John Courtney Murray, Time/Life, and the American Proposition: How the CIA's Doctrinal Warfare Program Changed the Catholic Church by David A. Wemhoff"
659:"Pluralism, therefore, implies disagreement and dissension within the community. But it also implies a community within which there must be agreement and consensus."
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Throughout the 1950s Murray promoted his ideas in
Catholic journals where they received heavy criticism from the leading Catholic thinkers of the day.
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In spite of his silencing, Murray continued to write privately on religious liberties and submitted his works to Rome, all of which were rejected.
477:, he played a key role in persuading the assembly of the Catholic bishops to adopt the Council's ground-breaking Declaration on Religious Liberty,
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Diaz, Miguel H. "An
Unfinished Project: John Courtney Murray, Religious Freedom and Unresolved Tensions in Contemporary American Society."
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1103:. In 1954, the Vatican demanded for Murray to end both writing on religious freedom and publishing his two latest articles on the issue.
964:. The project was both nationally influential and personally formative, as it deepened Murray's understanding of and esteem for American
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theology. In 1940, Murray still fully supported the
Catholic doctrine that there was no salvation outside the Church.
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1376:"Religious freedom-- Vatican II modernizes church-state ties," Agostino Bono, Catholic News Service, 12 Oct 2005.
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Komonchak, Joseph A. "The
American Contribution to" Dignitatis Humanae": The Role of John Courtney Murray, SJ."
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Lovin, Robin W. "Religious
Freedom and Public Argument: John Courtney Murray on the American Proposition."
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Cadeddu, Francesca. "A call to action: John
Courtney Murray, SJ, and the renewal of American democracy."
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bent, but Murray became a leading public figure, and his work dealt primarily with the tensions between
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Murray’s claim that a "new moral truth" had emerged outside the Church led to conflict with
Cardinal
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magazine, most prominently on December 12, 1960, when Murray graced the cover in a feature about
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Murray, John Courtney, "We Hold These Truths", Lanham, MD: Sheed and Ward, 1960, Foreword,x.
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Similarly, Murray advocated religious freedom and pluralism as defined and protected by the
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in which he drafted the third and the fourth versions of a document on religious freedom.
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was the most prominent of those that opposed Murray as Murray's line was much closer to
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In 1965, the document eventually became the Council's endorsement of religious freedom
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Hollenbach, David. "Religious Freedom, Morality and Law: John Courtney Murray Today."
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Edited by John A Garraty and Mark C. Carnes. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999
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Bersnak, P. Bracy. "John Courtney Murray, SJ, and the Development of Doctrine."
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were inadequate even if the affirmation of religious freedom was unequivocal.
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After his return from Rome to the United States, just before the beginning of
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degrees in 1926 and 1927, respectively. After graduation, he traveled to the
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The teachings of modern Roman Catholicism on law, politics, and human nature
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and other Catholic strongholds. After his death in 1967, his obituary in
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then sought to use the news media to influence public opinion during the
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on September 12, 1904. In 1920, he entered the New York province of the
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In 1963, he was invited to the second but not the first session of the
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was inadequate to the "moral functioning" of contemporary peoples. The
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We Hold These Truths: Catholic Reflections on the American Proposition
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We Hold These Truths: Catholic Reflections on the American Proposition
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Catholic and American: the political theology of John Courtney Murray
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A compilation of writings by and about Fr. John Courtney Murray, SJ.
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states. That truth was an "intention of nature" or a new dictate of
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were useful in the global battle against communism, especially in
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and the institutions of a democratically-structured modern state.
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1031:. Henry Luce was a prominent Republican and close friends with
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By 1944, Murray's endorsement of full co-operation with other
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Whelan, Gerard. "John Courtney Murray on Church and State."
447:(September 12, 1904 – August 16, 1967) was an American
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By the late 1940s, Murray argued that Catholic teaching on
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21:
John Murray (disambiguation) § Religion and theology
929:(1960), collects a number of his essays on such topics.
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Catholic moral theology in the United States: A history
1295:"An Ignatian Spirit Avery Dulles's Theological Journey"
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and consultant to the religious affairs section of the
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Ateneo de Manila, Jesuit theologate Woodstock, Maryland
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who was especially known for his efforts to reconcile
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West, he claimed, had developed a fuller truth about
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and particularly focused on the relationship between
1017:, the US ambassador to Italy and the second wife of
960:
and for sympathetic exposure of religious faiths in
956:. Ultimately, the proposal argued for public aid to
592:In 1941, he was named editor of the Jesuit journal
19:For other religious figures named John Murray, see
1519:John Courtney Murray & the growth of tradition
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971:In his increasingly public role, several American
1013:. Murray had the advantage of being friends with
655:of church-and-state relations before Vatican II.
621:reconstruction. He successfully promoted a close
2769:20th-century American Roman Catholic theologians
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2330:International Association of Jesuit Universities
2734:Morrissey College of Arts & Sciences alumni
1462:(Oxford University Press, 2021) pppp. 180-198.
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988:Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions
917:His background and training suggest a heavily-
2784:Academic staff of Ateneo de Manila University
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1424:The Blackwell Companion to Political Theology
898:
707:Renaissance depiction of the Council of Trent
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1458:Cadeddu, Francesca. "John Courtney Murray."
1220:"Murray, John Courtney, American theologian"
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603:United States Conference of Catholic Bishops
1422:Baxter, Michael J. "John Courtney Murray."
1268:"Time Magazine cover: John Courtney Murray"
1142:'s presidential commission, which reviewed
558:in 1933. He pursued further studies at the
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2739:Participants in the Second Vatican Council
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1561:Witte, John, and Frank S. Alexander, eds.
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598:. He held both positions until his death.
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1670:Spiritual Exercises of Ignatius of Loyola
1517:Hooper, J. Leon, and Todd Whitmore, eds.
1207:
975:consulted Murray on legal issues such as
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2281:Superior General of the Society of Jesus
1595:"The Problem of God Yesterday and Today"
932:In 1951 to 1952, after a lectureship at
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2323:List of Jesuit educational institutions
1460:The Oxford Handbook of Reinhold Niebuhr
1293:Ashley, J. Matthew (27 December 2011).
1197:
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609:, he helped draft and promote the 1943
284:List of Jesuit educational institutions
2764:Pontifical Gregorian University alumni
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1292:
1202:"John Courtney Murray, SJ (1904-1967)"
1174:, one month before his 63rd birthday.
925:and public life. His best-known book,
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1541:Loyola University Chicago Law Journal
1485:Loyola University Chicago Law Journal
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1332:from the original on 10 November 2019
581:, he joined the Jesuit theologate in
1474:(Georgetown University Press, 2008)
1184:
986:From 1958 to 1962, he served at the
936:, he collaborated on a project with
1723:Suppression of the Society of Jesus
13:
2774:20th-century American philosophers
1565:(Columbia University Press, 2007).
1551:Studies: An Irish Quarterly Review
1521:(Rowman & Littlefield, 1996).
1499:(Rowman & Littlefield, 1993).
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14:
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2789:American academic journal editors
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1166:In August 1967, Murray died of a
625:arrangement between the restored
491:John Courtney Murray was born in
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2316:Jesuit missions in North America
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1148:Selective Service Administration
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834:Basel–Ferrara–Florence (1431–42)
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547:In 1930, Murray returned to the
396:
2799:People from Woodstock, Maryland
2288:Pontifical Gregorian University
1597:. Georgetown University Library
1590:johncourtneymurray.blogspot.com
1576:Published and Unpublished Works
1381:
1138:, he was appointed to serve on
1099:, Pro-Secretary of the Vatican
1068:Tensions with the Vatican, 1954
2588:Separation of church and state
2505:History of religious pluralism
1436:Catholic Social Science Review
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1043:, who was John's brother. The
1009:, which had been condemned by
651:, which contradicted Catholic
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2744:20th-century American Jesuits
2337:Ignatian Pedagogical Paradigm
2302:Pontifical Oriental Institute
2295:Pontifical Biblical Institute
1697:Regimini militantis Ecclesiae
1177:
2556:Multiple religious belonging
2469:Category:Religious pluralism
1927:Roque González de Santa Cruz
1107:Second Vatican Council, 1963
757:Constantinople III (680–681)
617:statement of principles for
7:
2593:Spiritual but not religious
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1407:American National Biography
1352:"Religion: Man of the City"
1124:Dignitatis humanae personae
767:Constantinople IV (869–870)
10:
2820:
2546:Confessionalism (politics)
2373:Saint-Pierre de Montmartre
2240:List of Jesuit theologians
2205:Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
1582:Essays on Murray's Thought
1448:Catholic Historical Review
1257:, (Sheed & Ward, 1960)
1252:Murray SJ, John Courtney.
1074:church-and-state relations
1029:US Catholics and the State
611:Declaration on World Peace
18:
2754:Clergy from New York City
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2675:Buddhism and Christianity
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2639:Hajj Muhammad Legenhausen
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1509:Journal of Moral Theology
1134:In 1966, prompted by the
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487:Early life and education
2804:Catholics from Maryland
2779:Yale University faculty
2629:Jacques Dupuis (Jesuit)
1871:Claude de la Colombière
1553:106.421 (2017): 70-94.
1326:Federal Bar Association
1224:Encyclopædia Britannica
1204:, Ignatian Spirituality
938:Robert Morrison MacIver
752:Constantinople II (553)
209:Congregatio de Auxiliis
67:New York City, New York
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2416:Catholicism portal
1679:Ad maiorem Dei gloriam
1655:Protestant Reformation
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260:Ad maiorem Dei gloriam
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2644:John Courtney Murray
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2566:Cambridge Platonists
2495:Comparative theology
2490:Comparative religion
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2274:General Congregation
2266:La CiviltĂ Cattolica
2219:John Courtney Murray
1495:Ferguson, Thomas P.
865:Vatican II (1962–65)
585:and taught Catholic
560:Gregorian University
551:. He was ordained a
440:John Courtney Murray
231:General Congregation
138:We Hold These Truths
108:Gregorian University
33:John Courtney Murray
16:American philosopher
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2520:Interfaith dialogue
2458:Religious pluralism
2088:Alphonsus Rodriguez
2025:Lèon-Ignance Mangin
1976:Francis de Geronimo
1948:Melchior Grodziecki
1662:Counter-Reformation
1533:24.1 (2006): 1-20.
1511:1.1 (2012): 69-91.
1470:Curran, Charles E.
1299:Commonweal Magazine
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595:Theological Studies
583:Woodstock, Maryland
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387:Jesuit philosophers
362:Frederick Copleston
347:Pierre-Jean De Smet
253:Spiritual Exercises
202:Regimini militantis
96:Academic background
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2654:Emanuel Swedenborg
2355:Church of the GesĂą
2081:John Francis Regis
2074:Bernardino Realino
1969:Ignatius of Loyola
1438:27 (2022): 57-68.
1301:. Society of Jesus
1033:John Foster Dulles
966:constitutional law
793:Lateran III (1179)
533:English literature
527:, where he taught
515:. He obtained his
501:Xavier High School
480:Dignitatis humanae
382:Jesuit theologians
302:Ignatius of Loyola
148:Dignitatis humanae
63:September 12, 1904
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2703:Philosophy portal
2649:Swami Vivekananda
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1773:Edmund Arrowsmith
1450:(2015): 530-553.
1426:(2004): 150-164.
1401:S.J. Leon Hooper,
1144:Selective Service
1097:Alfredo Ottaviani
1015:Clare Boothe Luce
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2608:Universalism
2561:Perennialism
2529:
2400:
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2264:
2218:
2170:Diego Laynez
2046:John Ogilvie
1983:Isaac Jogues
1892:Philip Evans
1864:Peter Claver
1713:
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1599:. Retrieved
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1360:. Retrieved
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1334:. Retrieved
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1303:. Retrieved
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1276:. Retrieved
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1227:. Retrieved
1223:
1168:heart attack
1165:
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1133:
1122:
1120:
1113:
1110:
1094:
1092:philosophy.
1071:
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1041:Allen Dulles
1037:Avery Dulles
1028:
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1000:
994:criteria to
990:and applied
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952:in American
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627:German state
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579:World War II
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372:Pope Francis
317:Pedro Arrupe
265:
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244:Spirituality
207:
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147:
137:
118:Institutions
79:(1967-08-16)
2729:1967 deaths
2724:1904 births
2510:Inclusivism
2198:Karl Rahner
2039:Henry Morse
2018:David Lewis
1990:James Kisai
1941:René Goupil
1899:Peter Faber
1336:14 February
1305:14 February
1278:14 February
1136:Vietnam War
1101:Holy Office
1090:natural law
1007:Americanism
1003:Msgr Fenton
919:theoretical
587:trinitarian
525:Philippines
473:During the
460:Catholicism
367:Karl Rahner
312:Peter Faber
215:Suppression
185:Christogram
2718:Categories
2603:Toleration
2598:Syncretism
2531:Mirari vos
2258:Bollandist
1962:Rémy Isoré
1601:2015-12-09
1229:2017-04-18
1178:References
1019:Henry Luce
977:censorship
944:to assess
615:interfaith
517:bachelor's
509:Philosophy
456:theologian
102:Alma mater
59:1904-09-12
2668:Religions
2634:John Hick
2500:Dogmatism
2032:Paul Miki
1885:Paul Denn
1362:17 August
1053:communism
653:doctrines
568:doctorate
223:Hierarchy
2402:Category
2161:Theology
1330:Archived
1156:atheists
1049:Cold War
1011:Leo XIII
992:just war
923:religion
682:a series
680:Part of
629:and the
521:master's
505:Classics
164:a series
162:Part of
129:Theology
2617:Persons
2347:Related
2250:General
2150:Francis
1647:History
1640:Jesuits
973:bishops
693:of the
647:of the
638:theists
619:postwar
535:at the
193:History
2478:Topics
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1274:. Time
1129:decree
684:on the
631:Church
556:priest
543:Career
452:priest
449:Jesuit
166:on the
2141:Popes
1688:Magis
1405:from
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613:, an
529:Latin
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267:Magis
1364:2024
1356:Time
1338:2019
1307:2019
1280:2019
1272:Time
1061:Time
1024:Time
979:and
948:and
564:Rome
531:and
519:and
507:and
462:and
454:and
74:Died
53:Born
2539:vs
1170:in
1045:CIA
940:of
570:in
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511:at
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