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224:'s palace. At Daniel's request, the four boys were subjected to a test; they were fed only vegetables and water for ten days. At the end of the ten days, the four boys were in better condition than the other boys who ate the king's food. The youths chose to eat this food because the king's food was non-
557:
is a rare example of an
Orthodox rabbi who has argued that eating meat and animal byproducts is no longer permitted according to Jewish sources, because of the cruelty inflicted on animals. It is more common for Orthodox rabbis to call on Jews to reduce their consumption of animal products, as when a
500:
The Jewish
Vegetarian Society (JVS) was co-founded (briefly as the Jewish Vegetarian and Natural Health Society, before the name was abbreviated) by Vivien and Philip Pick in the 1960s with the aim of promoting a kinder society without killing animals for food. Philip Pick was the first chairman of
549:
Jewish vegetarianism and veganism have become especially popular among
Israeli Jews. In 2016, an op-ed argued that Israel was "the most vegan country on Earth", as five percent of its population eschewed all animal products. That number had more than doubled since 2010, when only 2.6 percent of
707:
According to some interpretations of Jewish law, it is not acceptable for an individual to become a vegetarian if they do so because they believe in animal rights. This is based on the Torah, which not only is replete with instances of eating meat, but also includes several commandments that
720:
encourages the eating of meat at the
Sabbath and Festival meals; thus some Orthodox Jews who are otherwise vegetarian will nevertheless consume meat at these meals. Some Jews see more moderate views to vegetarianism as the ideal. In 2015, members of the Liberal Judaism synagogue in
160:
1:29 states "And God said: Behold, I have given you every herb yielding seed which is upon the face of all the earth, and every tree that has seed-yielding fruit—to you it shall be for food." Many scholars see the Torah as thereby pointing to vegetarianism as an ideal, as
165:
did not partake of the flesh of animals as all humans and animals were originally commanded by God to only eat plants. According to some interpretations, God's original plan was for mankind to be vegetarian, and God only later gave permission for man to eat meat in a
1134:
A number of medieval scholars regard vegetarianism as a moral ideal, not because of a concern for the welfare of animals, but because the slaughter of animals might cause the individual who performs such acts to develop negative character traits, viz., meanness and
1978:... an omnivorous diet (one that includes meat) is wasteful and should be prohibited, since an omnivorous diet uses five times as much grain, over ten times as much water, over 15 times as much land and over 20 times as much energy as compared with a vegan diet.
513:(village), was founded in 1958. The founders of Amirim were motivated to create a vegetarian village because of their love for animals and concern for animal rights, as well as for health reasons. Both religious and non-religious families live at Amirim.
201:. Some of these writers refer to "the vegetarian Isaiah", "the notorious vegetarian Isaiah", and "Isaiah, the vegetarian prophet". Critics of this view argue that none of the Biblical verses in question refer to a human diet: they either condemn certain
1778:
529:
is an
Israeli animal rights organization that promotes Jewish vegetarianism on their website and has been described as a Jewish vegetarian organization. The group was known as Anonymous for Animal Rights from its founding in 1994 until
716:. However, vegetarianism is allowed for pragmatic reasons (if kosher meat is expensive or hard to come by in their area), health concerns, or for reasons of personal taste (if someone finds meat unpalatable). The
479:
was founded by
Jonathan Wolf as Jewish Vegetarians of North America (JVNA) in 1975 to promote Jewish vegetarianism. JVNA changed its name to Jewish Veg in 2015. The organization has been noted for its 2007 film
558:
consortium of 120 Orthodox rabbis scholars, and community leaders in
Jerusalem, known as Beit Hillel, issued a paper calling on Jews to reduce meat consumption in order to alleviate animal suffering.
1769:
516:
The "Concern for
Helping Animals in Israel (CHAI)" animal welfare organization promotes Jewish vegetarianism; CHAI's building project is named the Isaac Bashevis Singer Humane Education Center.
1007:
Isaiah, the vegetarian prophet, meant also that humans must sit with the lamb, the kid, the ox -- because humans must make peace with the animals before they can make peace with other humans.
47:
497:, promotes a vegan diet in the Jewish community through animal welfare activism, kosher veganism, and Jewish spirituality. Prior to 2019, it was known as the Shamayim V'Aretz Institute.
930:
170:(Genesis 9:1–17) as a temporary concession because of Man's weak nature. This concessionary view of meat-consumption is based on the scriptural analysis of several
4996:
943:
Isaiah is ... the prophet with the most references to nonviolence and universal respect for life. ... Jesus refers to the vegetarian Isaiah more than to any other.
550:
Israelis were either vegan or vegetarian. Veganism is particularly popular in the city of Tel Aviv, which has been described as the "vegan capital of the world".
5324:
553:
Interest in veganism and vegetarianism has grown among Israel's diverse Jewish populations, including among secular Jews and
Orthodox Jews. The Israeli rabbi
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395:(first published in installments in 1903–04), summarizing Kook's ideas about the "coming of the new society" in which humankind becomes vegan.
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2623:
1543:... construction on the Isaac Bashevis Singer Humane Education Center, on the grounds of the SPCA in Tel Aviv-Jaffa, is at last set to begin.
996:
3900:
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diet is wasteful, since it uses 5 times more grain, 10 times more water, 15 times more land and 20 times more energy when compared to a
135:
limit consumption of certain animals or their products, with precise requirements for how animals are to be sacrificed and slaughtered (
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that works to make veganism mainstream, organizes an annual "Vegan
Congress", and promotes the vegan celebration of Jewish holidays.
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857:, ed. Leonard J. Greenspoon, Ronald A. Simkins, and Gerald Shapiro (Omaha, Neb.: Creighton University Press, 2005), 327–329.
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People of the Book: An Interfaith Dialogue about How Jews, Christians and Muslims Understand Their Sacred Scriptures
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the organisation, with Maurice Norman Lester the first vice chairman and his wife Carole Lester its first secretary.
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There are several religious and philosophical arguments used by modern Jewish vegetarians regarding the
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Schwartz, Richard H. Judaism and Vegetarianism. Lantern Books. New York, 2001. pp. 1, 12, 16, 19, 188.
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606:. In contrast, the mass production and consumption of meat and other animal products contradicts many
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Some Jewish vegetarians also stress the commandment to maintain one's health and not harm oneself (
235:
sects, regarded the eating of meat as prohibited as long as Zion was in ruins and Israel in exile.
213:
55:
51:
35:
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But I can't say very much about chickens because I'm a vegetarian and I stay milchik all the time.
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A number of prominent rabbis have advocated vegetarianism or veganism. In 2017, a statement by
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Vegetarianism was not traditionally a component of mainstream pre-modern Judaism, though the
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205:, or else prophesize that carnivorous animals will become herbivorous at the end of days.
8:
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founded The Pescetarian Society, citing pescetarianism as originally a Jewish diet, and
335:. Other notable rabbis who were vegetarian or spoke positively of vegetarianism include
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Foreigners and Their Food: Constructing Otherness in Jewish, Christian, and Islamic Law
709:
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and teachings, gravely harming people, animals, communities, and the environment.
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1038:
632:
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is consistent with the sacred teachings and highest ideals of Judaism, including
439:
372:
340:
324:
312:
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per se but out of a concern for the moral character of the slaughterer. Rabbeinu
232:
167:
157:
149:
the complexity of these laws was intended to discourage the consumption of meat.
132:
104:
6786:
2248:
The Vision of Eden: Animal Welfare and Vegetarianism in Jewish Law and Mysticism
1961:
6894:
6889:
6884:
6579:
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4326:
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836:. Micah Publications. Massachusetts, 1995. pp. 16, 54, 55, 65, 66, 68, 70, 71.
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1037:
Cohn-Sherbok, Dan; Chryssides, George; Hasan, Usama (September 21, 2018).
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organization that advocates against animal cruelty and promotes veganism.
435:
423:
411:
320:
304:
288:
279:
encouraging veganism for all Jews was signed by notable rabbis including
243:
239:
156:
There are also examples of vegetarianism as an ideal in ancient Judaism.
6852:
6690:
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6469:
6464:
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6072:
5982:
5548:
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3624:
3206:
2800:
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2174:
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828:
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824:
722:
575:
554:
487:
476:
427:
356:
328:
276:
1856:"'There is no kosher meat': the Israelis full of zeal for going vegan"
625:; the injunction not to cause "pain to living creatures". The laws of
453:
6182:
5851:
5756:
5449:
4794:
4652:
4592:
3838:
3303:
3194:
3105:
2723:
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2674:
821:
6654:
4907:
4738:
4642:
4126:
4107:
3557:
3499:
3444:
3439:
3110:
2396:
1654:
771:
Jewish veganism and vegetarianism : studies and new directions
665:
661:
627:
591:
534:
267:
171:
137:
54:
external links, and converting useful links where appropriate into
1906:
896:
639:
have been criticized for failing to meet the essence of shechita.
541:
246:, regard vegetarianism as a moral ideal, not out of a concern for
6725:
5569:
5433:
4548:
4344:
3772:
3656:
3651:
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3629:
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3434:
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3251:
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2689:
2613:
2505:
2431:
2266:
Eternal Treblinka: Our Treatment of the Animals and the Holocaust
717:
699:
can be lessened by a global shift to a vegetarian or vegan diet.
615:
603:
595:
486:
and for sponsoring university lecture tours by figures including
466:
445:
96:
1442:
683:
promotes better health. Jewish vegetarians have also argued for
5771:
4799:
4632:
4612:
4526:
4521:
4432:
3843:
3710:
3646:
1094:
713:
692:
579:
509:
504:
493:
SHAMAYIM: Jewish Animal Advocacy, founded and led by Rabbi Dr.
225:
178:
1603:"Animal Rights and Judaism : Anonymous for Animal Rights"
708:
specifically call for meat to be eaten, such as eating of the
6439:
4617:
4587:
4516:
4511:
3794:
3789:
3743:
3698:
3619:
3614:
2878:
2633:
2603:
2381:
2200:
Jewish Veganism and Vegetarianism: Studies and New Directions
1443:"The Shamayim V'Aretz Institute | מכון שמים וארץ - Home"
599:
120:
1932:
1907:"Judaism and Vegetarianism - A Vegetarian View of the Torah"
107:. Jewish vegetarians often cite Jewish principles regarding
4637:
4582:
4538:
4459:
3893:
2427:
1036:
963:
853:
Gary A. Rendsburg, "The Vegetarian Ideal in the Bible", in
647:, which records what he considers abuses within the kosher
583:
2386:
814:"The Vision of Eden: Animal Welfare and Vegetarianism" in
769:
Labendz, Jacob Ari; Yanklowitzy, Shmuly (March 25, 2019).
764:
762:
760:
758:
461:
The first Jewish-vegetarian cookbook has been compiled by
153:
may also be designed to discourage killing living beings.
2363:
The Royal Table: An Outline of the Dietary Laws of Israel
2167:
4997:
An Essay on Abstinence from Animal Food, as a Moral Duty
1402:
A Jewish Culinary Legend Reborn: Fania Lewando's Vilnius
631:
are meant to prevent the suffering of animals. However,
2391:
755:
185:
that extol nonviolence and reverence for life, such as
1510:"excerpt from the article "Judaism and Vegetarianism""
660:, the law which prohibits waste. They suggest that an
5029:
Moral Inquiries on the Situation of Man and of Brutes
1350:. Jewish Vegetarians of North America. Archived from
654:
Another mitzvah often cited by Jewish vegetarians is
2021:
Richard Schwartz, "Jewish Environmental Teachings",
1322:"Full text of "A Vision of Vegetarianism and Peace""
1128:. Vol. 3. KTAV Publishing House. Archived from
773:. Albany, N.Y.: State University of New York Press.
1466:
1414:
1296:"Vegetarianism and Judaism: The Rav's Radical View"
2005:"UN urges global move to meat and dairy-free diet"
1824:
1822:
1768:
1655:"Vegan-Friendly | משדרגים את התרבות הטבעונית בארץ"
768:
238:A number of medieval scholars of Judaism, such as
231:A number of ancient Jewish sects, including early
181:was a vegetarian, on the basis of passages in the
1756:"How Israel Became the Global Center of Veganism"
1495:"Amirim, Israel: The world's first vegan village"
472:A number of groups promote Jewish vegetarianism:
38:may not follow Knowledge's policies or guidelines
6909:
2298:(1986), "The Jewish Declaration on Nature", in
2023:https://www.jewishveg.org/schwartz/jenviro.html
1881:"לגרוס אפרוחים בני יומם בשביל כסף? זו לא יהדות"
1819:
1376:Animals and World Religions: Rightful Relations
834:Rabbis and Vegetarianism: An Evolving Tradition
4106:
2002:
1830:"The Rise of Israel's Orthodox Vegan Movement"
1217:"The Rise of Israel's Orthodox Vegan Movement"
1070:. Univ of California Press. pp. 301–302.
803:The Sacred Table: Creating a Jewish Food Ethic
4755:Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine
4092:
2412:
1583:. Jewish Telegraphic Agency. October 15, 2014
1372:
1192:"74 Rabbis Urge Jewish Community to Go Vegan"
469:. An English translation was issued in 2015.
228:, not because the king's food was non-vegan.
1930:
1064:Freidenreich, David M. (December 19, 2014).
1063:
1043:. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. p. 135.
220:refused to eat food or drink wine served in
177:Some writers assert that the Jewish prophet
3901:Center of Contemporary Jewish Documentation
1556:"In for some vegan shoes or vegan condoms?"
4099:
4085:
2419:
2405:
1680:"Tel Aviv hosts 5th annual Vegan Congress"
1272:"Faith Lectures: The Messianic Idea Today"
1146:
991:
5293:Why We Love Dogs, Eat Pigs, and Wear Cows
5117:Thirty-nine Reasons Why I Am a Vegetarian
1112:
398:Other notable Jewish vegetarians include
74:Learn how and when to remove this message
4943:World Esperantist Vegetarian Association
2448:Index of Jewish history-related articles
2283:Vegetarian Judaism: A Guide for Everyone
1801:"Tel Aviv Crowned World's Vegan Capital"
1770:"This is the vegan capital of the world"
1626:
1581:"Israelis growing hungry for vegan diet"
540:
452:
444:
266:
262:
119:as reasons for adopting a vegetarian or
16:Vegetarianism among followers of Judaism
5530:You Are What You Eat: A Twin Experiment
3947:United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
2584:
2032:
2030:
1758:, September 2016, Retrieved 2018-03-26.
1728:
933:from the original on September 22, 2015
457:Logo of Tel Aviv-based "Vegan Friendly"
6910:
4968:List of vegetarian and vegan companies
2336:Vegetarianism and the Jewish Tradition
1853:
1118:
126:
5085:Behind the Scenes in Slaughter-Houses
4745:Nederlandse Vereniging voor Veganisme
4080:
2400:
1531:"I.B. Singer Humane Education Center"
1348:"A Vision of Vegetarianism and Peace"
1266:
872:"A Vision of Vegetarianism and Peace"
533:Vegan Friendly is an organization in
254:was said never to have tasted meat.
6686:Ben & Esther's Vegan Jewish Deli
6273:A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada
2426:
2027:
1729:Fraiman, Michael (October 2, 2019).
1507:
866:
643:narrated the short documentary film
561:
18:
2354:A Vision of Vegetarianism and Peace
1147:Ginzberg, Louis; Kohler, Kaufmann.
1109:, Second Edition, Volume 11, p. 788
860:
465:and was first published in 1938 in
393:A Vision of Vegetarianism and Peace
13:
5021:Reasons for not Eating Animal Food
3894:YIVO Institute for Jewish Research
3874:American Jewish Historical Society
2377:Jewish Encyclopedia: Vegetarianism
2184:
1243:"The (halachic) case for veganism"
970:from the original on April 9, 2016
673:venishmartem me'od lenafshoteichem
257:
14:
6964:
4989:On Abstinence from Eating Animals
4883:North American Vegetarian Society
2370:
1962:"Bal tashchit ('do not destroy')"
1854:Holmes, Oliver (March 17, 2018).
1781:from the original on June 8, 2022
966:: The Nazarenes of Mount Carmel.
635:and high-speed mechanized kosher
6701:Green Elephant Vegetarian Bistro
4836:Christian Vegetarian Association
4058:
4045:
4044:
2392:SHAMAYIM: Jewish Animal Advocacy
2177:. The Pescetarian Society. 2019.
1945:
1705:"Vegan-Friendly | חגים ואירועים"
956:"The Biblical Basis of Veganism"
23:
5245:Vegetarian Cooking for Everyone
2175:"Pescetarian Society Home Page"
2155:
2130:
2105:
2080:
2055:
2015:
2003:Felicity Carus (June 2, 2010).
1996:
1983:
1954:
1939:
1924:
1899:
1873:
1847:
1793:
1761:
1748:
1722:
1697:
1672:
1647:
1620:
1595:
1573:
1548:
1523:
1501:
1487:
1460:
1435:
1408:
1393:
1366:
1340:
1314:
1288:
1260:
1235:
1209:
1184:
1159:
1140:
1100:
1084:
1057:
1030:
1021:
1012:
985:
980:the notorious vegetarian Isaiah
218:Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego
6833:Vegetarian and vegan symbolism
5189:Moosewood Collective Cookbooks
4928:Vegetarian Society (Singapore)
4913:Toronto Vegetarian Association
4856:International Vegetarian Union
3966:Relations with other religions
1633:. Lantern Books. p. 165.
1125:Contemporary Halakhic Problems
948:
913:
847:
808:
795:
1:
6848:Vegetarian and vegan dog diet
6772:Food for Thought (restaurant)
5370:Diet for a New America (film)
5149:The Benefits of Vegetarianism
5013:A Vindication of Natural Diet
4780:Vegan Prisoners Support Group
3953:Encyclopedia of the Holocaust
1627:Schwartz, Richard H. (2001).
1399:Lithuanian Jewish Community:
805:(New York: CCAR Press, 2011).
749:
702:
6948:Judaism and environmentalism
5197:The Farm Vegetarian Cookbook
4417:Seventh-day Adventist Church
3884:Leo Baeck Institute New York
3879:American Sephardi Federation
2233:The Emergence of Ethical Man
1991:"Jewish Teachings on Health"
1887:(in Hebrew). October 2, 2016
1467:Richard H. Schwartz (2001).
1415:Richard H. Schwartz (2001).
870:(1961). Cohen, David (ed.).
739:Judaism and environmentalism
729:as a form of vegetarianism.
679:indicating that following a
391:wrote an influential essay,
7:
6817:The Pitman Vegetarian Hotel
5237:The Sexual Politics of Meat
4355:Environmental vegetarianism
4210:Environmental vegetarianism
2707:Constantinopolitan Karaites
2382:Jewish Veg Official Website
2038:"Judaism and Vegetarianism"
732:
685:environmental vegetarianism
10:
6969:
6953:Vegetarianism and religion
5333:Making a Stand for Animals
5109:Fifty Years of Food Reform
4851:Hare Krishna Food for Life
4765:Vegan Awareness Foundation
3935:National Library of Israel
2576:Zionism, race and genetics
2229:Man as a Carnivorous Being
744:Vegetarianism and religion
212:, the pious Jewish youths
6825:
6759:
6678:
6410:
5988:Maximilian Bircher-Benner
5905:
5599:
5586:
5540:
5426:Fat, Sick and Nearly Dead
5351:
5317:The End of Animal Farming
5301:The Vegan Studies Project
4976:
4960:
4846:French Vegetarian Society
4841:European Vegetarian Union
4831:Boston Vegetarian Society
4813:
4715:
4701:
4482:
4398:
4325:
4318:
4268:
4195:
4177:Vegan organic agriculture
4125:
4118:
4033:
3889:Yeshiva University Museum
3869:Center for Jewish History
3859:
3724:
3596:
3470:
3364:
2895:
2514:
2456:
2438:
2387:Jewish Vegetarian Society
2313:Judaism and Vegetarianism
1630:Judaism and Vegetarianism
1470:Judaism and Vegetarianism
1418:Judaism and Vegetarianism
1405:, retrieved July 14, 2018
588:conservation of resources
143:Shlomo Ephraim Luntschitz
6741:The Sound Lounge, London
6716:Little Pine (restaurant)
6600:Colleen Patrick-Goudreau
6103:Narasinh Narayan Godbole
5277:The Bloodless Revolution
4918:Vegetarian Federal Union
4733:Food Empowerment Project
4576:List of meat substitutes
2481:Ancient Israel and Judah
2334:Louis A. Berman (1975),
2163:"Eating meat on shabbat"
1933:"The Vegetarian Mitzvah"
1735:The Canadian Jewish News
1709:www.vegan-friendly.co.il
1659:www.vegan-friendly.co.il
816:Jewish Law and Mysticism
619:cited by vegetarians is
507:, an Israeli vegetarian
6863:Plant-based action plan
6610:Satchidananda Saraswati
6455:Tabitha Brown (actress)
5269:Livestock's Long Shadow
5173:Diet for a Small Planet
5077:Shelley's Vegetarianism
4888:Order of the Golden Age
4375:Replaceability argument
4245:Vegetarian Diet Pyramid
4230:Lacto-ovo vegetarianism
4135:Animal-free agriculture
2857:North African Sephardim
2830:Jewish tribes of Arabia
2301:The Assisi Declarations
2161:Rabbi Julian Sinclair,
1946:Foer, Jonathan Safran.
1731:"Rise of the vegan Jew"
993:Braunstein, Mark Mathew
926:Animal Liberation Front
339:(known as "Ha-Nazir"),
141:). According to Rabbis
115:, moral character, and
6248:Francis William Newman
6148:Martin Luther Holbrook
5229:Diet for a New America
5181:The Vegetarian Epicure
5069:What is Vegetarianism?
4826:Bible Christian Church
4728:Beauty Without Cruelty
4723:American Vegan Society
4205:Economic vegetarianism
3960:Holocaust Encyclopedia
3930:Jewish Virtual Library
2225:Joseph B. Soloveitchik
1373:Lisa Kemmerer (2012).
1153:jewishencyclopedia.com
997:"Vegetarianism in Art"
832:Kalechofsky, Roberta.
546:
458:
450:
272:
6585:Isa Chandra Moskowitz
6338:Russell Thacher Trall
6303:Johan Lindström Saxon
6003:Lucius Duncan Bulkley
5309:Animal (De)liberation
5093:Why I Am a Vegetarian
4360:Ethics of eating meat
3907:Encyclopaedia Judaica
3689:Sefer Raziel HaMalakh
2874:Sephardic Bnei Anusim
2624:Udmurt and Tatar Jews
1107:Encyclopaedia Judaica
868:Kook, Avraham Yitzhak
695:and the depletion of
622:tza'ar ba'alei hayyim
570:. According to some,
568:ethics of eating meat
544:
456:
448:
404:Isaac Bashevis Singer
369:Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog
270:
263:Modern-day proponents
95:that is connected to
6918:Jewish vegetarianism
6721:Moosewood Restaurant
6575:Moosewood Collective
6490:Crescent Dragonwagon
6398:Kathleen Keen Zolber
6063:James Elmslie Duncan
5923:Bertrand P. Allinson
5157:Living the Good Life
5045:Fruits and Farinacea
4948:World Vegetarian Day
4898:ProVeg International
4286:Fictional characters
2486:Second Temple period
2245:David Sears (2003),
2206:Jonathan Safran Foer
1966:Reformjudaism.org.uk
1950:– via YouTube.
1948:"If This Is Kosher…"
1473:. pp. 159–161.
1421:. pp. 167–170.
1167:"Rabbinic Statement"
1149:"ASHER B. MESHULLAM"
1027:Isaiah 11:6-9, 65:25
801:Mary L. Zamore, ed.
687:, pointing out that
645:If This Is Kosher...
641:Jonathan Safran Foer
420:Jonathan Safran Foer
293:Nathan Lopes Cardozo
271:Rabbi Jonathan Sacks
113:environmental ethics
89:Jewish vegetarianism
44:improve this article
6943:Judaism and society
6838:List of vegan media
6767:Cranks (restaurant)
6570:Joanne Lee Molinaro
6540:Frances Moore Lappé
6328:William O. Stephens
6323:Ernest Lester Smith
6313:Richard H. Schwartz
6298:Henry Stephens Salt
6288:Ulma Doyle Register
6223:Harry Willis Miller
6203:Alice Garrett Marsh
6158:John Harvey Kellogg
5812:James E. McWilliams
5577:The Animals' Agenda
4559:Microbial cellulose
4534:Gelatin substitutes
4497:Chicken fillet roll
4225:Lacto vegetarianism
3924:Jewish Encyclopedia
3669:Hekhalot literature
3480:Religious movements
3015:Judeo-Tripolitanian
2360:Jacob Cohn (1936),
2308:Richard H. Schwartz
2279:Roberta Kalechofsky
1968:. February 24, 2016
1807:. November 13, 2017
1508:Schwartz, Richard.
1223:. February 16, 2016
884:on October 15, 2013
432:Roberta Kalechofsky
416:Richard H. Schwartz
381:Joseph Soloveitchik
365:She'ar Yashuv Cohen
281:Jonathan Wittenberg
252:Asher ben Meshullam
127:In pre-modern times
91:is a commitment to
56:footnote references
6923:Animals in Judaism
6792:New Riverside Cafe
6782:Lentil as Anything
6760:Former restaurants
6696:Crossroads Kitchen
6625:Alicia Silverstone
6560:Hetty Lui McKinnon
6510:Carol Lee Flinders
6368:Severin Wielobycki
6078:Charles W. Forward
5933:Charles R. Attwood
5707:Caldwell Esselstyn
5213:Moosewood Cookbook
5061:The Ethics of Diet
4923:Vegetarian Society
4893:ProVeg Deutschland
4065:Judaism portal
4001:Jews and Halloween
3996:Jews and Christmas
3386:Rabbinic authority
3138:Judaeo-Piedmontese
2571:Xueta Christianity
2476:Origins of Judaism
2443:Outline of Judaism
2349:Abraham Isaac Kook
1989:Richard Schwartz,
1560:The Jerusalem Post
1541:on July 14, 2014.
1447:Shamayimvaretz.org
1302:. February 8, 2012
1247:The Jerusalem Post
995:(September 1980).
921:"Religious Quotes"
710:Passover sacrifice
547:
459:
451:
400:Shmuel Yosef Agnon
385:Abraham Isaac Kook
273:
168:covenant with Noah
147:Abraham Isaac Kook
6938:Jewish philosophy
6905:
6904:
6706:Greens Restaurant
6590:Bawa Muhaiyaddeen
6460:Suzy Amis Cameron
6450:Edward Espe Brown
6445:Martha Brotherton
6406:
6405:
6343:Frederick Towgood
6308:James Scholefield
6253:R. E. O'Callaghan
6083:Michael Allen Fox
6058:Daniel Dombrowski
5963:George Bedborough
5948:Horace A. Barrows
5913:Phyllis B. Acosta
5807:John A. McDougall
5762:Avery Yale Kamila
5712:Gary L. Francione
5667:T. Colin Campbell
5617:Suzanne M. Babich
5514:The Game Changers
5458:Live and Let Live
5442:Forks Over Knives
5402:Peaceable Kingdom
5394:Post Punk Kitchen
5378:A Cow at My Table
5325:Vegetable Kingdom
5053:The Pleasure Boat
5037:Nature's Own Book
5005:Vegetable Cookery
4956:
4955:
4785:The Vegan Society
4598:Nutritional yeast
4478:
4477:
4314:
4313:
4235:Ovo vegetarianism
4182:Vegan school meal
4074:
4073:
4040:extinct languages
3941:YIVO Encyclopedia
3716:Hebrew literature
3684:Sefer HaEtz Chaim
3524:Reconstructionist
3202:Judaeo-Portuguese
2891:
2890:
2847:Eastern Sephardim
2491:Synagogal Judaism
2262:Charles Patterson
2195:Shmuly Yanklowitz
1931:Dan Brook, Ph.D.
1132:on May 18, 2012.
1077:978-0-520-28627-6
1050:978-1-78450-366-6
1018:Isaiah 1:11, 66:3
714:animal sacrifices
697:natural resources
562:Ethical arguments
495:Shmuly Yanklowitz
309:Geoffrey Claussen
301:Shmuly Yanklowitz
203:animal sacrifices
84:
83:
76:
6960:
6878:Planetary health
6868:Sustainable diet
6858:Plant-based diet
6797:Nix (restaurant)
6711:Hiltl Restaurant
6660:Umberto Veronesi
6630:Hannah Sunderani
6605:Mathew Pritchard
6565:Tracye McQuirter
6475:Chloe Coscarelli
6413:cookbook authors
6358:Emil Weilshäuser
6233:Reuben D. Mussey
6213:William Metcalfe
6138:Philippe Hecquet
6053:Daniël de Clercq
5953:Geoffrey Barstow
5897:Sophie Zaïkowska
5787:Thomas Lepeltier
5742:A. Breeze Harper
5697:George Dornbusch
5662:Jodey Castricano
5597:
5596:
5563:Vegetarian Times
5506:Eating You Alive
5474:PlantPure Nation
5362:The Animals Film
5205:Laurel's Kitchen
5141:A Fleshless Diet
4903:ProVeg Nederland
4713:
4712:
4658:Vegetarian bacon
4571:Meat alternative
4323:
4322:
4123:
4122:
4101:
4094:
4087:
4078:
4077:
4063:
4062:
4061:
4048:
4047:
3180:Judeo-Golpaygani
2781:Palestinian Jews
2756:Alexandrian Jews
2712:Crimean Karaites
2629:Unterlander Jews
2582:
2581:
2496:Rabbinic Judaism
2421:
2414:
2407:
2398:
2397:
2296:Arthur Hertzberg
2179:
2178:
2171:
2165:
2159:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2134:
2128:
2127:
2125:
2123:
2109:
2103:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2084:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2059:
2053:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2034:
2025:
2019:
2013:
2012:
2000:
1994:
1987:
1981:
1980:
1975:
1973:
1958:
1952:
1951:
1943:
1937:
1936:
1928:
1922:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1903:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1892:
1877:
1871:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1851:
1845:
1844:
1842:
1840:
1826:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1797:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1786:
1772:
1765:
1759:
1752:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1726:
1720:
1719:
1717:
1715:
1701:
1695:
1694:
1692:
1690:
1676:
1670:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1651:
1645:
1644:
1624:
1618:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1607:anonymous.org.il
1599:
1593:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1577:
1571:
1570:
1568:
1566:
1552:
1546:
1545:
1537:. Archived from
1527:
1521:
1520:
1518:
1516:
1505:
1499:
1498:
1491:
1485:
1484:
1464:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1439:
1433:
1432:
1412:
1406:
1397:
1391:
1390:
1370:
1364:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1354:on March 5, 2016
1344:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1328:. April 20, 1985
1318:
1312:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1292:
1286:
1285:
1280:
1278:
1270:(June 6, 2001).
1264:
1258:
1257:
1255:
1253:
1239:
1233:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1213:
1207:
1206:
1204:
1202:
1188:
1182:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1163:
1157:
1156:
1144:
1138:
1137:
1120:Bleich, J. David
1116:
1110:
1104:
1098:
1088:
1082:
1081:
1061:
1055:
1054:
1034:
1028:
1025:
1019:
1016:
1010:
1009:
1002:Vegetarian Times
989:
983:
982:
977:
975:
952:
946:
945:
940:
938:
917:
911:
900:
894:
893:
891:
889:
883:
877:. Archived from
876:
864:
858:
855:Food and Judaism
851:
845:
830:
819:
812:
806:
799:
793:
792:
766:
675:), and point to
349:Irving Greenberg
333:Yonassan Gershom
79:
72:
68:
65:
59:
27:
26:
19:
6968:
6967:
6963:
6962:
6961:
6959:
6958:
6957:
6908:
6907:
6906:
6901:
6821:
6812:The Hollow Reed
6802:Penny Cafeteria
6777:InSpiral Lounge
6755:
6674:
6620:Miyoko Schinner
6550:Linda McCartney
6545:Deborah Madison
6515:Alexis Gauthier
6430:Carleigh Bodrug
6412:
6402:
6388:Jon Wynne-Tyson
6373:Howard Williams
6258:Josiah Oldfield
6228:J. Howard Moore
6218:Eli Peck Miller
6178:W. R. C. Latson
6168:Daniel H. Kress
6108:Jeremiah Hacker
6068:Eknath Easwaran
6048:Lenna F. Cooper
5998:Ernest Bonnejoy
5958:Sidney H. Beard
5928:Thomas Allinson
5901:
5887:Corey Lee Wrenn
5882:Kim A. Williams
5652:Will Bulsiewicz
5627:Neal D. Barnard
5592:
5590:
5588:
5582:
5536:
5482:What the Health
5353:Films and shows
5347:
5253:The China Study
5125:The Meat Fetish
4980:
4978:
4972:
4952:
4871:Meatless Monday
4809:
4805:World Vegan Day
4705:
4697:
4668:Vegetarian mark
4484:
4474:
4394:
4310:
4264:
4191:
4114:
4105:
4075:
4070:
4059:
4057:
4029:
3855:
3720:
3592:
3466:
3360:
3175:Judeo-Borujerdi
3150:Judeo-Malayalam
3096:Judeo-Aragonese
3067:Lishanid Noshan
2899:
2887:
2619:Oberlander Jews
2580:
2510:
2452:
2434:
2425:
2373:
2187:
2185:Further reading
2182:
2173:
2172:
2168:
2160:
2156:
2146:
2144:
2142:www.sefaria.org
2136:
2135:
2131:
2121:
2119:
2117:www.sefaria.org
2111:
2110:
2106:
2096:
2094:
2092:www.sefaria.org
2086:
2085:
2081:
2071:
2069:
2067:www.sefaria.org
2061:
2060:
2056:
2046:
2044:
2036:
2035:
2028:
2020:
2016:
2001:
1997:
1988:
1984:
1971:
1969:
1960:
1959:
1955:
1944:
1940:
1929:
1925:
1915:
1913:
1905:
1904:
1900:
1890:
1888:
1879:
1878:
1874:
1864:
1862:
1852:
1848:
1838:
1836:
1834:Tablet Magazine
1828:
1827:
1820:
1810:
1808:
1805:Tablet Magazine
1799:
1798:
1794:
1784:
1782:
1775:The Independent
1767:
1766:
1762:
1754:Rachel Frazin,
1753:
1749:
1739:
1737:
1727:
1723:
1713:
1711:
1703:
1702:
1698:
1688:
1686:
1678:
1677:
1673:
1663:
1661:
1653:
1652:
1648:
1641:
1625:
1621:
1611:
1609:
1601:
1600:
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1497:. May 30, 2013.
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1379:. p. 186.
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1268:Sacks, Jonathan
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1236:
1226:
1224:
1221:Tablet Magazine
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822:
813:
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796:
781:
767:
756:
752:
735:
705:
681:vegetarian diet
637:slaughterhouses
633:factory farming
564:
440:Natalie Portman
373:Everett Gendler
341:Everett Gendler
325:Elyse Goldstein
313:Rami M. Shapiro
265:
260:
258:In modern times
133:laws of kashrut
129:
105:Jewish identity
80:
69:
63:
60:
41:
32:This article's
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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6955:
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6935:
6930:
6928:Jewish cuisine
6925:
6920:
6903:
6902:
6900:
6899:
6898:
6897:
6895:Pollotarianism
6892:
6890:Pescetarianism
6885:Flexitarianism
6882:
6881:
6880:
6875:
6865:
6860:
6855:
6850:
6845:
6840:
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6632:
6627:
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6607:
6602:
6597:
6592:
6587:
6582:
6580:Charity Morgan
6577:
6572:
6567:
6562:
6557:
6555:Mary McCartney
6552:
6547:
6542:
6537:
6532:
6530:Madhur Jaffrey
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6365:
6363:Ellen G. White
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6255:
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6208:Elmer McCollum
6205:
6200:
6195:
6190:
6188:Susan M. Levin
6185:
6180:
6175:
6170:
6165:
6160:
6155:
6153:Isaac Jennings
6150:
6145:
6140:
6135:
6133:William Harvey
6130:
6125:
6123:Alexander Haig
6120:
6115:
6110:
6105:
6100:
6098:Mahatma Gandhi
6095:
6090:
6088:Peter Foxcroft
6085:
6080:
6075:
6070:
6065:
6060:
6055:
6050:
6045:
6040:
6038:Antonio Cocchi
6035:
6033:Henry S. Clubb
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6015:
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6005:
6000:
5995:
5990:
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5955:
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5943:Eduard Baltzer
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5935:
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5925:
5920:
5918:William Alcott
5915:
5909:
5907:
5903:
5902:
5900:
5899:
5894:
5889:
5884:
5879:
5874:
5872:Sunaura Taylor
5869:
5864:
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5854:
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5839:
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5829:
5824:
5819:
5817:Vesanto Melina
5814:
5809:
5804:
5799:
5794:
5789:
5784:
5782:Maxwell G. Lee
5779:
5774:
5769:
5767:Michael Klaper
5764:
5759:
5754:
5749:
5744:
5739:
5737:Michael Greger
5734:
5732:Lewis Gompertz
5729:
5724:
5719:
5714:
5709:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5689:
5684:
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5674:
5669:
5664:
5659:
5657:Georges Butaud
5654:
5649:
5644:
5642:Yves Bonnardel
5639:
5634:
5629:
5624:
5622:Martin Balluch
5619:
5614:
5612:Carol J. Adams
5609:
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5470:
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5454:
5446:
5438:
5430:
5422:
5414:
5406:
5398:
5390:
5386:Meet Your Meat
5382:
5374:
5366:
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5355:
5349:
5348:
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5345:
5337:
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5321:
5313:
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5297:
5289:
5285:Eating Animals
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5217:
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5137:
5133:The New Ethics
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4866:Meat-free days
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4775:Vegan Outreach
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4504:
4502:Coconut burger
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4462:
4457:
4455:Pythagoreanism
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4404:
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4340:Animal welfare
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4167:
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4142:
4140:Black veganism
4137:
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4115:
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4018:
4013:
4007:non-Christian
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3706:Shulchan Aruch
3703:
3702:
3701:
3696:
3694:Sefer Yetzirah
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3674:Pardes Rimonim
3671:
3664:Kabbalah texts
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3497:
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3457:Land of Israel
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3359:
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3353:
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3349:
3344:
3343:
3342:
3335:
3333:Judeo-Alsatian
3325:
3324:
3323:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3286:
3281:
3276:
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3261:
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3259:
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3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
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3199:
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3197:
3192:
3187:
3185:Judeo-Hamedani
3182:
3177:
3172:
3162:
3160:Judaeo-Occitan
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3141:
3140:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3119:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3101:Jewish English
3098:
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3090:
3089:
3079:
3074:
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3059:
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3049:
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3032:Judaeo-Aramaic
3029:
3028:
3027:
3022:
3020:Judeo-Tunisian
3017:
3012:
3010:Judeo-Moroccan
3007:
3006:
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3003:Judeo-Baghdadi
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2852:Livornese Jews
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2599:Afrikaner-Jode
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2371:External links
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2344:978-0870682858
2332:
2322:978-1930051249
2305:
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2291:978-0916288457
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2274:978-1930051997
2259:
2257:978-0967451275
2243:
2222:
2220:978-0141031934
2211:Eating Animals
2203:
2186:
2183:
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2154:
2138:"Exodus 29:33"
2129:
2104:
2088:"Genesis 27:7"
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2063:"Genesis 18:7"
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727:pescetarianism
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689:global warming
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424:Aaron S. Gross
361:Jonathan Sacks
285:Daniel Sperber
264:
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248:animal welfare
222:Nebuchadnezzar
183:Book of Isaiah
128:
125:
109:animal welfare
82:
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36:external links
31:
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2:
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6933:Jewish ethics
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6843:Juice fasting
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6336:
6334:
6333:Alan Stoddard
6331:
6329:
6326:
6324:
6321:
6319:
6318:James Simpson
6316:
6314:
6311:
6309:
6306:
6304:
6301:
6299:
6296:
6294:
6293:Rollo Russell
6291:
6289:
6286:
6284:
6283:James Rachels
6281:
6279:
6276:
6274:
6271:
6269:
6268:Cyril V. Pink
6266:
6264:
6261:
6259:
6256:
6254:
6251:
6249:
6246:
6244:
6243:Scott Nearing
6241:
6239:
6238:Helen Nearing
6236:
6234:
6231:
6229:
6226:
6224:
6221:
6219:
6216:
6214:
6211:
6209:
6206:
6204:
6201:
6199:
6196:
6194:
6193:Andrew Linzey
6191:
6189:
6186:
6184:
6181:
6179:
6176:
6174:
6173:William Lambe
6171:
6169:
6166:
6164:
6161:
6159:
6156:
6154:
6151:
6149:
6146:
6144:
6141:
6139:
6136:
6134:
6131:
6129:
6126:
6124:
6121:
6119:
6118:Walter Hadwen
6116:
6114:
6111:
6109:
6106:
6104:
6101:
6099:
6096:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6043:Edwin Collier
6041:
6039:
6036:
6034:
6031:
6029:
6028:George Cheyne
6026:
6024:
6021:
6019:
6016:
6014:
6011:
6009:
6008:J. L. Buttner
6006:
6004:
6001:
5999:
5996:
5994:
5991:
5989:
5986:
5984:
5981:
5979:
5976:
5974:
5971:
5969:
5966:
5964:
5961:
5959:
5956:
5954:
5951:
5949:
5946:
5944:
5941:
5939:
5936:
5934:
5931:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5910:
5908:
5904:
5898:
5895:
5893:
5890:
5888:
5885:
5883:
5880:
5878:
5877:Richard Twine
5875:
5873:
5870:
5868:
5867:David Sztybel
5865:
5863:
5860:
5858:
5855:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5843:
5840:
5838:
5837:David Olivier
5835:
5833:
5830:
5828:
5825:
5823:
5820:
5818:
5815:
5813:
5810:
5808:
5805:
5803:
5800:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5788:
5785:
5783:
5780:
5778:
5775:
5773:
5770:
5768:
5765:
5763:
5760:
5758:
5755:
5753:
5750:
5748:
5745:
5743:
5740:
5738:
5735:
5733:
5730:
5728:
5727:Valéry Giroux
5725:
5723:
5720:
5718:
5715:
5713:
5710:
5708:
5705:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5695:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5665:
5663:
5660:
5658:
5655:
5653:
5650:
5648:
5645:
5643:
5640:
5638:
5635:
5633:
5632:David Benatar
5630:
5628:
5625:
5623:
5620:
5618:
5615:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5607:Elisa Aaltola
5605:
5604:
5602:
5598:
5595:
5585:
5579:
5578:
5574:
5572:
5571:
5567:
5565:
5564:
5560:
5558:
5557:
5553:
5551:
5550:
5546:
5545:
5543:
5539:
5532:
5531:
5527:
5524:
5523:
5519:
5516:
5515:
5511:
5508:
5507:
5503:
5500:
5499:
5495:
5492:
5491:
5487:
5484:
5483:
5479:
5476:
5475:
5471:
5468:
5467:
5463:
5460:
5459:
5455:
5452:
5451:
5447:
5444:
5443:
5439:
5436:
5435:
5431:
5428:
5427:
5423:
5420:
5419:
5418:A Sacred Duty
5415:
5412:
5411:
5407:
5404:
5403:
5399:
5396:
5395:
5391:
5388:
5387:
5383:
5380:
5379:
5375:
5372:
5371:
5367:
5364:
5363:
5359:
5358:
5356:
5354:
5350:
5343:
5342:
5338:
5335:
5334:
5330:
5327:
5326:
5322:
5319:
5318:
5314:
5311:
5310:
5306:
5303:
5302:
5298:
5295:
5294:
5290:
5287:
5286:
5282:
5279:
5278:
5274:
5271:
5270:
5266:
5263:
5262:
5258:
5255:
5254:
5250:
5247:
5246:
5242:
5239:
5238:
5234:
5231:
5230:
5226:
5223:
5222:
5218:
5215:
5214:
5210:
5207:
5206:
5202:
5199:
5198:
5194:
5191:
5190:
5186:
5183:
5182:
5178:
5175:
5174:
5170:
5167:
5166:
5162:
5159:
5158:
5154:
5151:
5150:
5146:
5143:
5142:
5138:
5135:
5134:
5130:
5127:
5126:
5122:
5119:
5118:
5114:
5111:
5110:
5106:
5103:
5102:
5101:Figs or Pigs?
5098:
5095:
5094:
5090:
5087:
5086:
5082:
5079:
5078:
5074:
5071:
5070:
5066:
5063:
5062:
5058:
5055:
5054:
5050:
5047:
5046:
5042:
5039:
5038:
5034:
5031:
5030:
5026:
5023:
5022:
5018:
5015:
5014:
5010:
5007:
5006:
5002:
4999:
4998:
4994:
4992:(3rd century)
4991:
4990:
4986:
4985:
4983:
4975:
4969:
4966:
4965:
4963:
4959:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4941:
4939:
4936:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4868:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4818:
4816:
4812:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4750:Our Hen House
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4740:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4720:
4718:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4704:
4700:
4694:
4693:Veggie burger
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4577:
4574:
4573:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4536:
4535:
4532:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4519:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4489:
4487:
4481:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4425:
4424:
4421:
4418:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4405:
4403:
4401:
4397:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4335:Animal rights
4333:
4332:
4330:
4328:
4324:
4321:
4317:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4296:Organizations
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4273:
4271:
4267:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4202:
4200:
4198:
4197:Vegetarianism
4194:
4188:
4187:Vegan studies
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4166:
4163:
4162:
4161:
4160:Straight edge
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4145:Fruitarianism
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4132:
4130:
4128:
4124:
4121:
4117:
4113:
4112:vegetarianism
4109:
4102:
4097:
4095:
4090:
4088:
4083:
4082:
4079:
4067:
4066:
4055:
4053:
4052:
4043:
4042:
4041:
4037:
4032:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4008:
4006:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3991:Protestantism
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3973:
3972:
3969:
3968:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3961:
3957:
3955:
3954:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3942:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3925:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3908:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3871:
3870:
3867:
3866:
3864:
3862:
3858:
3852:
3849:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3836:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3808:
3805:
3804:
3803:
3800:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3787:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3774:
3771:
3770:
3769:
3766:
3762:
3759:
3758:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3736:
3735:
3732:
3731:
3729:
3727:
3723:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3679:Sefer HaBahir
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3666:
3665:
3662:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3639:
3638:
3635:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3617:
3616:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3606:Sifrei Kodesh
3604:
3603:
3601:
3599:
3595:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3540:
3537:
3536:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3508:
3505:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3491:
3488:
3487:
3486:
3483:
3482:
3481:
3478:
3477:
3475:
3473:
3469:
3463:
3462:Who is a Jew?
3460:
3458:
3455:
3451:
3448:
3447:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3429:
3426:
3425:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3407:
3404:
3403:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3391:Chosen people
3389:
3387:
3384:
3380:
3377:
3376:
3375:
3372:
3371:
3369:
3367:
3363:
3357:
3354:
3348:
3347:Scots-Yiddish
3345:
3341:
3340:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3330:
3329:
3326:
3322:
3321:
3320:Klezmer-loshn
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3301:
3300:
3297:
3296:
3295:
3292:
3291:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3249:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3190:Judeo-Shirazi
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3167:
3166:
3165:Judeo-Persian
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3155:Judeo-Marathi
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3139:
3136:
3135:
3134:
3133:Judeo-Italian
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3103:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3088:
3085:
3084:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3034:
3033:
3030:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2988:Judeo-Amazigh
2986:
2984:
2981:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2913:
2912:
2909:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2898:
2894:
2880:
2877:
2876:
2875:
2872:
2868:
2865:
2864:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2844:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2831:
2828:
2827:
2826:
2823:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2811:Hadhrami Jews
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2798:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2776:Mountain Jews
2774:
2772:
2771:Egyptian Jews
2769:
2767:
2766:Bukharan Jews
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2748:
2747:
2744:
2740:
2737:
2736:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2704:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2691:
2688:
2687:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2660:
2659:
2656:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2643:
2642:
2639:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2596:
2595:
2592:
2591:
2589:
2587:
2583:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2565:
2562:
2561:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2554:Lists of Jews
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2521:
2519:
2517:
2513:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2463:
2461:
2459:
2455:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2440:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2422:
2417:
2415:
2410:
2408:
2403:
2402:
2399:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2374:
2365:
2364:
2359:
2356:
2355:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2341:
2337:
2333:
2331:
2330:1-930051-24-7
2327:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2314:
2309:
2306:
2303:
2302:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2277:
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2241:0-88125-873-3
2238:
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2191:Jacob Labendz
2189:
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2164:
2158:
2143:
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2118:
2114:
2113:"Exodus 12:8"
2108:
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2068:
2064:
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2043:
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2033:
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2024:
2018:
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1911:Jewishveg.com
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1097:to Daniel 1:8
1096:
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908:1-930051-24-7
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842:0-916288-42-0
839:
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669:
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650:
649:meat industry
646:
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634:
630:
629:
624:
623:
618:
617:
611:
609:
608:Jewish values
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
572:vegetarianism
569:
559:
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543:
536:
532:
528:
525:
522:
519:Behemla is a
518:
515:
512:
511:
506:
503:
499:
496:
492:
489:
485:
484:
483:A Sacred Duty
478:
475:
474:
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470:
468:
464:
463:Fania Lewando
455:
447:
443:
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429:
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408:Reuven Rivlin
405:
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353:Jeremy Gimpel
350:
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210:Daniel 1:8–16
208:According to
206:
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101:Jewish ethics
98:
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93:vegetarianism
90:
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78:
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67:
64:November 2021
57:
53:
52:inappropriate
49:
45:
39:
37:
30:
21:
20:
6807:Pink Peacock
6787:Minerva Café
6751:Veggie Grill
6736:Souley Vegan
6731:Slutty Vegan
6670:Alan Wakeman
6645:Haile Thomas
6635:Bryant Terry
6525:Richa Hingle
6520:Dick Gregory
6425:Mayim Bialik
6393:Tzachi Zamir
6348:Sidney Trist
6198:Clair Linzey
6018:Job Caudwell
5993:George Black
5938:William Axon
5892:Laura Wright
5862:Peter Singer
5857:Jérôme Segal
5847:Emelia Quinn
5842:David Pearce
5827:David Nibert
5822:Gemma Newman
5802:Reed Mangels
5792:Howard Lyman
5717:Joel Fuhrman
5692:Alan Desmond
5677:Brenda Davis
5647:Will Bonsall
5575:
5568:
5561:
5554:
5547:
5528:
5522:Maa Ka Doodh
5520:
5512:
5504:
5496:
5488:
5480:
5472:
5464:
5456:
5448:
5440:
5432:
5424:
5416:
5408:
5400:
5392:
5384:
5376:
5368:
5360:
5339:
5331:
5323:
5315:
5307:
5299:
5291:
5283:
5275:
5267:
5261:Skinny Bitch
5259:
5251:
5243:
5235:
5227:
5221:Fit for Life
5219:
5211:
5203:
5195:
5187:
5179:
5171:
5163:
5155:
5147:
5139:
5131:
5123:
5115:
5107:
5099:
5091:
5083:
5075:
5067:
5059:
5051:
5043:
5035:
5027:
5019:
5011:
5003:
4995:
4987:
4938:Viva! Health
4933:Veggie Pride
4821:Alcott House
4760:Plamil Foods
4737:
4678:Sausage roll
4554:Konjac jelly
4507:Coconut milk
4449:
4413:Christianity
4365:Meat paradox
4350:Deep ecology
4155:Raw veganism
4119:Perspectives
4056:
4049:
4035:
3958:
3951:
3939:
3922:
3905:
3739:perspectives
3573:Samaritanism
3534:Neo-Hasidism
3514:Conservative
3428:Names of God
3337:
3318:
3128:Judaeo-Greek
3123:Judeo-Gascon
3062:Lishán Didán
3057:Lishana Deni
3025:Judeo-Yemeni
2993:Judeo-Arabic
2867:Meshuchrarim
2786:Persian Jews
2719:Kurdish Jews
2697:Kaifeng Jews
2646:Beta Abraham
2609:Galitzianers
2564:Antisemitism
2539:Israeli Jews
2524:Assimilation
2361:
2352:
2335:
2311:
2299:
2282:
2265:
2246:
2232:
2209:
2198:
2169:
2157:
2145:. Retrieved
2141:
2132:
2120:. Retrieved
2116:
2107:
2095:. Retrieved
2091:
2082:
2070:. Retrieved
2066:
2057:
2045:. Retrieved
2041:
2017:
2009:The Guardian
2008:
1998:
1985:
1977:
1970:. Retrieved
1965:
1956:
1941:
1926:
1914:. Retrieved
1910:
1901:
1889:. Retrieved
1884:
1875:
1863:. Retrieved
1860:The Guardian
1859:
1849:
1837:. Retrieved
1833:
1809:. Retrieved
1804:
1795:
1783:. Retrieved
1774:
1763:
1750:
1738:. Retrieved
1734:
1724:
1712:. Retrieved
1708:
1699:
1687:. Retrieved
1683:
1674:
1662:. Retrieved
1658:
1649:
1629:
1622:
1610:. Retrieved
1606:
1597:
1585:. Retrieved
1575:
1563:. Retrieved
1559:
1550:
1542:
1539:the original
1534:
1525:
1513:. Retrieved
1503:
1489:
1469:
1462:
1450:. Retrieved
1446:
1437:
1417:
1410:
1400:
1395:
1375:
1368:
1356:. Retrieved
1352:the original
1342:
1330:. Retrieved
1325:
1316:
1304:. Retrieved
1299:
1290:
1282:
1275:. Retrieved
1262:
1250:. Retrieved
1246:
1237:
1225:. Retrieved
1220:
1211:
1199:. Retrieved
1195:
1186:
1174:. Retrieved
1170:
1161:
1152:
1142:
1133:
1130:the original
1124:
1114:
1106:
1102:
1086:
1066:
1059:
1039:
1032:
1023:
1014:
1006:
1000:
987:
979:
972:. Retrieved
950:
942:
935:. Retrieved
924:
915:
898:
886:. Retrieved
879:the original
862:
854:
849:
833:
815:
810:
802:
797:
770:
706:
672:
670:
657:bal tashchit
655:
653:
644:
626:
620:
614:
612:
565:
552:
548:
508:
481:
471:
460:
397:
392:
377:Simchah Roth
345:Shlomo Goren
274:
237:
230:
207:
176:
163:Adam and Eve
155:
150:
136:
130:
88:
87:
85:
70:
61:
46:by removing
33:
6679:Restaurants
6640:Anna Thomas
6615:Derek Sarno
6495:Rose Elliot
6480:Yamuna Devi
6435:Gypsy Boots
6383:W. A. Sibly
6378:Frank Wokes
6263:Dean Ornish
6163:Norman Kerr
6143:Brian Hines
6128:Edward Hare
6113:John Haddon
6093:Greta Gaard
6023:James Clark
6013:Paul Carton
5978:Ragnar Berg
5973:Robert Bell
5968:Ernest Bell
5832:Jack Norris
5777:Renan Larue
5752:Melanie Joy
5747:Oscar Horta
5722:Kristi Funk
5702:Mylan Engel
5687:Jan Deckers
5682:Garth Davis
5672:Robert Cook
5637:Steven Best
5589:activists,
5587:Academics,
5397:(2003–2005)
5165:Ten Talents
4876:Friday Fast
4603:Plant cream
4544:Carrageenan
4492:Agave syrup
4380:Sentientism
4370:Nonviolence
4306:Vegan media
4301:Restaurants
4276:Vegetarians
4250:Ecofeminism
3981:Catholicism
3563:Hellenistic
3401:Eschatology
3339:Lachoudisch
3264:Lotegorisch
3242:Lachoudisch
3232:Koiné Greek
3145:Judeo-Latin
3082:Palestinian
2976:Palestinian
2825:Mustaʿravim
2751:Afghan Jews
2739:Berber Jews
2663:Bene Israel
2651:Falash Mura
2641:Beta Israel
2559:Persecution
2501:Middle Ages
1740:December 1,
1358:January 10,
1326:Archive.org
1196:VegNews.com
1005:(#40): 24.
818:, Orot 2003
527:Animals Now
436:Tara Strong
412:Franz Kafka
389:David Cohen
337:David Cohen
321:Raysh Weiss
317:David Rosen
305:Aryeh Cohen
289:David Wolpe
244:Isaac Arama
240:Joseph Albo
187:Isaiah 1:11
6912:Categories
6873:Low-carbon
6853:Vegaphobia
6691:Cinnaholic
6665:Nisha Vora
6595:Gaz Oakley
6505:Toni Fiore
6470:Pinky Cole
6465:Hannah Che
6420:Nava Atlas
6278:Rod Preece
6073:T. Forster
5983:Rynn Berry
5906:Vegetarian
5797:Al-Ma'arri
5593:physicians
5549:Naked Food
5466:Cowspiracy
5410:Earthlings
5341:Meat Atlas
4861:Jewish Veg
4814:Vegetarian
4790:Veganmania
4770:Vegan flag
4653:Vegetables
4628:Soy yogurt
4608:Plant milk
4390:Tirukkuṟaḷ
4385:Speciesism
4260:By country
4220:Orthopathy
3976:Anabaptism
3918:Jew (word)
3785:Leadership
3598:Literature
3583:Secularism
3529:Humanistic
3396:Conversion
3366:Philosophy
3207:Judeo-Urdu
2971:Babylonian
2816:Saada Jews
2801:Adeni Jews
2594:Ashkenazim
2549:Samaritans
2516:Population
2471:Israelites
1972:August 19,
1916:January 7,
1452:January 7,
1332:January 7,
1277:August 19,
1171:Jewish Veg
960:Cincinnati
888:October 4,
789:1041228582
750:References
723:Manchester
712:and other
703:Opposition
662:omnivorous
576:compassion
555:Asa Keisar
545:Asa Keisar
488:Ori Shavit
477:Jewish Veg
449:Ori Shavit
428:Ori Shavit
357:Asa Keisar
329:Shefa Gold
277:Jewish Veg
6411:Chefs and
6183:Elmer Lee
5852:Tom Regan
5757:Joel Kahn
5591:authors,
5541:Magazines
5450:Vegucated
4961:Companies
4795:Veganuary
4593:Mock duck
4485:and drink
4460:Rastafari
4400:Religious
4291:Festivals
4255:Nutrition
4172:Nutrition
4038:indicate
3986:Mormonism
3971:Christian
3851:Symbolism
3839:Synagogue
3819:Mythology
3780:Education
3751:Astronomy
3734:Astrology
3551:relations
3356:Zarphatic
3304:Galitzish
3106:Yeshivish
2983:Catalanic
2946:Samaritan
2921:Ashkenazi
2902:Diasporic
2897:Languages
2842:Sephardim
2837:Romaniote
2724:Krymchaks
2658:Desi Jews
2534:Buddhists
2227:(2005), "
2047:March 26,
1865:March 26,
1839:March 26,
1714:April 18,
1689:April 18,
1684:Israel21c
1664:April 18,
1612:April 18,
1587:April 18,
1565:April 18,
1515:April 15,
1306:April 25,
1227:April 25,
1201:March 26,
1176:April 25,
48:excessive
6655:Jeeca Uy
6353:Valluvar
5498:Dominion
5344:(annual)
4981:journals
4979:reports,
4908:Swissveg
4739:Go Vegan
4643:Tofurkey
4423:Hinduism
4408:Buddhism
4165:Hardline
4127:Veganism
4108:Veganism
4051:Category
4021:Hinduism
4011:Buddhism
3913:Genetics
3829:Politics
3802:Marriage
3761:Holidays
3756:Calendar
3637:Rabbinic
3613:/Hebrew
3558:Haymanot
3485:Orthodox
3472:Branches
3445:Kabbalah
3440:Haskalah
3418:Holiness
3294:dialects
3274:Shassagh
3237:Krymchak
3217:Kayliñña
3111:Yinglish
3087:Galilean
3077:Talmudic
3072:Biblical
3047:Betanure
2966:Biblical
2961:Mishnaic
2956:Medieval
2941:Tiberian
2936:Yemenite
2926:Sephardi
2862:Paradesi
2806:Ḥabbanim
2796:Teimanim
2761:Baghdadi
2734:Maghrebi
2702:Karaites
2680:Gruzínim
2668:Kochinim
2586:Diaspora
2544:Karaites
2529:Atheists
2466:Timeline
2351:(1961),
2310:(1982),
2281:(1998),
2264:(2002),
2208:(2009),
2197:(2019),
1891:June 18,
1811:June 18,
1785:June 18,
1779:Archived
1122:(1989).
974:April 1,
968:Archived
937:April 1,
931:Archived
733:See also
677:research
628:shechita
592:tzedakah
535:Tel Aviv
172:Rishonim
138:shechita
6826:Related
6726:Purezza
5570:VegNews
5490:Carnage
5434:Planeat
4673:Sausage
4663:Hot dog
4549:Gulaman
4527:legumes
4522:cereals
4465:Sikhism
4450:Judaism
4445:Jainism
4428:Sattvic
4345:Carnism
4327:Secular
4240:Cuisine
4215:History
4150:History
4036:Italics
3861:Studies
3807:Divorce
3773:Kashrut
3768:Cuisine
3726:Culture
3657:Midrash
3652:Tosefta
3642:Mishnah
3630:Ketuvim
3625:Nevi'im
3588:Schisms
3578:Science
3568:Karaite
3539:Renewal
3500:Litvaks
3495:Hasidic
3450:Sefirot
3435:Halakha
3406:Messiah
3379:Mitzvah
3374:Beliefs
3328:Western
3314:Poylish
3309:Litvish
3299:Eastern
3289:Yiddish
3284:Shuadit
3269:Qwareña
3257:Tetuani
3252:Haketia
3227:Knaanic
3222:Kivruli
3170:Bukhori
3116:Heblish
3052:Hulaulá
3042:Barzani
2998:Yahudic
2931:Mizrahi
2791:Urfalim
2746:Mizrahi
2690:Neofiti
2685:Italkim
2614:Lita'im
2506:Zionism
2458:History
2432:Judaism
2324:(2001)
2042:aishcom
1252:May 10,
1135:cruelty
718:halakha
616:mitzvah
604:justice
596:kashrut
467:Vilnius
233:Karaite
158:Genesis
151:Kashrut
97:Judaism
42:Please
34:use of
5772:Aph Ko
5533:(2024)
5525:(2023)
5517:(2018)
5509:(2018)
5501:(2018)
5493:(2017)
5485:(2017)
5477:(2015)
5469:(2014)
5461:(2013)
5453:(2011)
5445:(2011)
5437:(2010)
5429:(2010)
5421:(2007)
5413:(2005)
5405:(2004)
5389:(2002)
5381:(1998)
5373:(1991)
5365:(1981)
5336:(2022)
5328:(2020)
5320:(2018)
5312:(2016)
5304:(2015)
5296:(2009)
5288:(2009)
5280:(2006)
5272:(2006)
5264:(2005)
5256:(2005)
5248:(1997)
5240:(1990)
5232:(1987)
5224:(1985)
5216:(1977)
5208:(1976)
5200:(1975)
5192:(1973)
5184:(1972)
5176:(1971)
5168:(1968)
5160:(1954)
5152:(1927)
5144:(1910)
5136:(1907)
5128:(1904)
5120:(1903)
5112:(1898)
5104:(1896)
5096:(1895)
5088:(1892)
5080:(1891)
5072:(1886)
5064:(1883)
5056:(1845)
5048:(1845)
5040:(1835)
5032:(1824)
5024:(1814)
5016:(1813)
5008:(1812)
5000:(1802)
4977:Books,
4800:Veganz
4708:events
4703:Groups
4648:Cheese
4633:Tempeh
4623:Seitan
4613:Quinoa
4566:Jambon
4517:Grains
4512:Fruits
4470:Taoism
4433:Ahimsa
4319:Ethics
4281:Vegans
3844:Hazzan
3834:Prayer
3711:Siddur
3647:Talmud
3611:Tanakh
3546:Neolog
3519:Reform
3507:Modern
3490:Haredi
3413:Ethics
3279:Shassi
3247:Ladino
3212:Karaim
3195:Juhuri
3037:Targum
2951:Signed
2916:Modern
2911:Hebrew
2879:Xuetes
2675:Dönmeh
2634:Yekkes
2342:
2328:
2320:
2289:
2272:
2255:
2239:
2231:", in
2218:
2147:May 8,
2122:May 8,
2097:May 8,
2072:May 8,
1637:
1477:
1425:
1383:
1095:Malbim
1074:
1047:
906:
840:
787:
777:
693:hunger
668:diet.
602:, and
580:health
521:Haredi
510:moshav
505:Amirim
438:, and
383:, and
367:, and
331:, and
226:kosher
214:Daniel
197:, and
191:11:6–9
179:Isaiah
123:diet.
117:health
6440:BOSH!
5600:Vegan
5556:Satya
4716:Vegan
4618:Quorn
4588:Mochi
4440:Islam
4269:Lists
4016:Islam
3824:Names
3814:Music
3795:Rebbe
3790:Rabbi
3744:Monen
3699:Zohar
3620:Torah
3615:Bible
2729:Lemba
2604:Chuts
882:(PDF)
875:(PDF)
666:vegan
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