380:
365:
395:
31:
353:. It will be displayed lying horizontally in its "2020 state": there is damage to the statue's head and right arm, and splatters of pink paint remain on the statue, as well as torn pieces of toilet paper around the statue's collar. Valentine curator Christina Vida stated that, "we wanted to make sure that paint stays applied. That the damage that occurred to it when it was pulled down by protesters that it stays just that way."
933:
308:"These objects are so powerful and were made for a very particular intention, for a group of people to try and convey their dominance over other free Americans. To have them off of public streets where you can't consent, to into a public institution of education and learning, to me is only natural."
435:
A souvenir book printed for the unveiling of the monument in 1907 described the statue as a representation of "the
Vindicatrix ... the emblem of Southern womanhood ... the immortal spirit of her land shining unquenched within her eyes, and her hand uplifted in an eternal appeal to the God of justice
242:
This is done not in hostility to others, not to injure any section of the country, not even for our own pecuniary benefit; but from the high and solemn motive of defending and protecting the rights we inherited, and which it is our sacred duty to transmit unshorn to our
210:
and two representing states that sent troops for the
Confederacy. Two square piers at either end of the colonnade are topped with eagles and faced with plaques. The bronze statues, Vindacatrix and Jefferson Davis in the center – the latter situated atop a block of
185:
in June 2020. The rest of the monument was taken down in
February 2022. Being polled for the issue among several organizations, state residents were split among full removal of the monuments and leaving them in place and adding informative context such as signage.
300:, and attracted a large crowd of between 80,000 and 200,000 people. A parade of veterans followed by prayers and speeches preceded the unveiling, which was effected by one of Davis's daughters, Margaret Davis Hayes, and two of his grandchildren.
502:
965:
364:
341:
The remainder of the monument, including the main column and colonnade, was dismantled altogether in
February 2022. A time capsule was found while the work took place. No trace of the monument now remains on its original site.
2574:
2401:
991:
958:
901:
951:
974:
411:
2549:
349:
in
Richmond—a museum whose first president was Edward Virginius Valentine, the statue's sculptor—as part of the museum's "This is Richmond, Virginia" exhibit. The statue is on loan from the
868:
303:
A local newspaper said of the memorial at the time, "The entire monument ... typifies the vindication of Mr. Davis and the cause of the
Confederacy for which he stood before the world..."
818:
1904:
1015:
178:
surrounded by a colonnade of 13 columns represented the
Southern states, and a tall Doric column topped by a bronze statue, also by Valentine, representing Southern womanhood.
522:
1109:
2045:
1431:
1255:
1232:
1209:
1120:
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1672:
1243:
379:
117:
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1220:
394:
1300:
1267:
2519:
1352:
350:
288:
During the many years required to raise the funds needed for the memorial, various designs and placements in the city were considered. Unveiled in 1907 on
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1148:
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1829:
1661:
1650:
1784:
1751:
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170:, in the United States. The monument was unveiled on Davis' birthday, June 3, 1907, a day celebrated in Virginia and many other Southern states as
753:
1453:
292:– June 3 – on what would have been Davis' 99th birthday, the monument was funded by the Jefferson Davis Monument Association and the
1971:
1163:
338:
The statue of
Vindicatrix, representing Southern womanhood, on top of the central column, was removed by the City of Richmond on July 8, 2020.
2082:
1993:
1955:
2564:
2534:
1959:
1348:
2514:
2509:
2265:
2227:
1171:
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2238:
1604:
1143:
937:
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601:
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800:
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453:, who had a better track record of fund raising. The UDC agreed to help, but only if they were given full responsibility.
2539:
2205:
2137:
1932:
450:
293:
273:
Giving new examples of heroism teaching new methods of warfare it carried the flag of the South to the most distant seas
1409:
1364:
1304:
677:
2281:
2119:
1289:
731:
665:
261:
Dying, they died not at all, but, from the grave and its shadow, valor invincible lifts them glorified ever on high.
202:
called
Vindicatrix, an allegorical representation of Southern womanhood. There were thirteen columns, eleven bronze
2569:
2342:
1848:
1064:
943:
819:"UPDATE: Crews remove parts of Jefferson Davis monument in Richmond | Richmond Local News | richmond.com"
837:"Workers find a box under a Jefferson Davis Confederate monument. The Black History Museum will decide its future"
2269:
1963:
1087:
279:
yearning with deep desire to clothe their country with freedom now at the last they rest full of an ageless fame
1945:
1516:
277:
If to die nobly be ever the proudest glory of virtue, this of all men has fortune greatly granted to them, for,
207:
159:
2309:
2216:
2164:
1926:
1837:
1538:
1376:
370:
109:
2078:
2001:
1398:
478:"National Register Information System – Monument Avenue Historic District (#70000883)"
446:
297:
259:
Glory ineffable these around their dear land wrapping wrapt around themselves the purple mantle of death.
175:
49:
503:"Northam to take down Lee monument; Stoney wants other Confederate statues removed from Monument Avenue"
2437:
2261:
1833:
1818:
1464:
373:
on horseback, with staff reviewing
Confederate Reunion Parade on June 3, 1907, in front of the monument
216:
2460:
2169:
1967:
1739:
1717:
1571:
2529:
2504:
2452:
2426:
2415:
2277:
2273:
2106:
2056:
1042:
289:
171:
906:
873:
700:
625:
507:
695:
620:
2579:
1019:
724:
Ghosts of the Confederacy: Defeat, the Lost Cause. and the Emergence of the New South 1865-1913
658:
Ghosts of the Confederacy: Defeat, the Lost Cause. and the Emergence of the New South 1865-1913
332:
1997:
1950:
1878:
1490:
1152:
978:
487:
328:
182:
2456:
2125:
1627:
1326:
226:
The statue of Davis shows him with an outstretched arm, lecturing from a history book. The
582:
8:
2448:
2193:
1468:
163:
100:
477:
255:
From Sumter to Appomattox four years of unflinching struggle against overwhelming odds
2257:
727:
661:
564:
554:
220:
973:
2303:
231:
199:
902:"Photos: Jefferson Davis statue from Monument Avenue on display at The Valentine"
449:
were originally in charge of raising funds, but requested the cooperation of the
386:
167:
155:
754:"Monumental Message: Valentine displays paint-splattered Jefferson Davis statue"
1806:
2493:
869:"Watch now: The Valentine unveils Jefferson Davis statue in its '2020 state'"
346:
314:
203:
132:
119:
2575:
Monuments and memorials in Virginia removed during the George Floyd protests
568:
400:
The memorial as it stood in July, 2020 after the removal of the Davis statue
523:"News articles — L. Douglas Wilder School of Government and Public Affairs"
335:, the bronze statue of Davis was torn down by protesters on June 10, 2020.
195:
548:
235:
412:
List of monuments and memorials removed during the George Floyd protests
30:
296:. The unveiling was scheduled in conjunction with a reunion of the
212:
801:"Statue on top of former Jefferson Davis monument being removed"
174:. It consisted of a bronze statue of Davis by Richmond sculptor
932:
227:
781:"Jefferson Davis monument torn down by protesters in Richmond"
2550:
Removed Confederate States of America monuments and memorials
194:
The east-facing monument sported a 67-foot-tall (20 m)
785:
758:
181:
The statue of Davis was toppled by protesters during the
1905:
Christopher Columbus (Columbus State Community College)
660:. pp.121, 158-159. New York: Oxford University Press.
345:
The vandalized Davis statue is currently displayed at
682:
The Papers of Jefferson Davis | Rice University
550:
Monuments : America's History in Art and Memory
351:
Black History Museum and Cultural Center of Virginia
265:The plaque on the right end of the monument reads:
247:The plaque on the left end of the monument reads :
1353:Florida's Tribute to the Women of the Confederacy
2491:
583:"Jefferson Davis on Monument Avenue in Richmond"
275:------------------------------------------------
271:------------------------------------------------
257:------------------------------------------------
253:------------------------------------------------
621:"Tribute of South to Memory of President Davis"
2525:Buildings and structures in Richmond, Virginia
629:. Richmond, Virginia. May 30, 1907. p. 21
615:
613:
611:
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895:
893:
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862:
860:
858:
747:
745:
743:
741:
739:
704:. Richmond, Virginia. May 7, 1907. p. 12
726:. p.174. New York: Oxford University Press.
2520:Allegorical sculptures in the United States
608:
230:carries words Jefferson Davis spoke in his
966:
952:
888:
855:
736:
29:
1432:Confederate Soldiers and Sailors Monument
1016:Confederate Soldiers and Sailors Monument
2545:Outdoor sculptures in Richmond, Virginia
652:
650:
648:
646:
644:
553:(1st ed.). New York: Random House.
500:
1830:North Carolina Women of the Confederacy
1144:Columbus' Last Appeal to Queen Isabella
2492:
472:
470:
82:Doric column: 67 feet (20 m) tall
2330:
989:
947:
899:
866:
751:
641:
546:
696:"Horses Are Needed for Reunion Days"
483:National Register of Historic Places
2565:Vandalized works of art in Virginia
2535:Monuments and memorials in Virginia
2331:
678:"Jefferson Davis' Farewell Address"
467:
451:United Daughters of the Confederacy
294:United Daughters of the Confederacy
162:from 1861 to 1865, installed along
84:Colonnade: 50 feet (15 m) tall
13:
2515:2022 disestablishments in Virginia
2510:2020 disestablishments in Virginia
1410:DeKalb County Confederate Monument
1365:Putnam County Confederate Memorial
867:Lutge, Katherine (June 22, 2022).
599:
269:The Navy of the Confederate States
251:The Army of the Confederate States
14:
2591:
1290:Delaware Law Enforcement Memorial
990:
925:
219:; the arrangement was planned by
1901:Christopher Columbus (City Hall)
1849:Nash County Confederate Monument
931:
393:
378:
363:
2560:Sculptures of women in Virginia
2500:1907 establishments in Virginia
975:Monuments and memorials removed
829:
811:
793:
773:
716:
688:
670:
501:Robinson, Mark (June 3, 2020).
439:
313:– Josh Epperson, co-curator of
16:Former monument in Virginia, US
1946:Captain William Clark Monument
752:Graff, Henry (June 22, 2022).
593:
575:
540:
515:
494:
429:
189:
158:(1808–1889), president of the
1:
2555:Sculptures of men in Virginia
602:"Monuments to the Lost Cause"
417:
160:Confederate States of America
2138:Confederate Soldier Monument
1377:Gadsden Confederate Memorial
1031:Confederate Soldier Memorial
900:Russo, Eva (June 23, 2022).
371:George Washington Custis Lee
7:
447:United Confederate Veterans
405:
298:United Confederate Veterans
10:
2596:
2540:Statues of Jefferson Davis
2438:Dunham Massey Hall sundial
2392:John Fane Charles Hamilton
356:
322:
283:
217:Edward Virginius Valentine
2477:
2400:
2376:
2341:
2337:
2326:
2290:
2179:
2170:Spirit of the Confederacy
2092:
2065:
2032:
2010:
1980:
1913:
1887:
1793:
1726:
1682:
1637:
1613:
1591:
1558:
1525:
1499:
1477:
1440:
1418:
1385:
1335:
1313:
1276:
1196:
1096:
1077:Company A, Capitol Guards
1051:
1002:
998:
985:
722:Foster, Gaines N. (1987)
656:Foster, Gaines N. (1987)
215:– were designed by
107:
96:
88:
78:
70:
55:
44:
40:
28:
23:
2427:Sir Ronald Fisher window
2274:Richmond Police Memorial
2120:Confederate War Memorial
2107:Our Confederate Soldiers
938:Jefferson Davis Monument
385:Detail of the statue of
290:Confederate Memorial Day
172:Confederate Memorial Day
152:Jefferson Davis Memorial
24:Jefferson Davis Memorial
2570:Statues removed in 2020
2282:Williams Carter Wickham
907:Richmond Times-Dispatch
874:Richmond Times-Dispatch
701:Richmond Times-Dispatch
626:Richmond Times-Dispatch
508:Richmond Times-Dispatch
2270:Matthew Fontaine Maury
547:Dupré, Judith (2007).
333:murder of George Floyd
310:
281:
263:
245:
92:whole monument removed
1951:Thompson Elk Fountain
1517:Emancipation Memorial
979:George Floyd protests
488:National Park Service
306:
267:
249:
240:
238:on January 21, 1861.
183:George Floyd protests
2250:Christopher Columbus
2228:Confederate Monument
2217:Confederate Monument
2161:Christopher Columbus
2150:Confederate Monument
2126:One Riot, One Ranger
2046:Christopher Columbus
2024:Christopher Columbus
1994:Christopher Columbus
1875:Confederate Memorial
1752:Christopher Columbus
1673:Christopher Columbus
1662:Christopher Columbus
1651:Christopher Columbus
1605:Christopher Columbus
1583:Christopher Columbus
1550:Christopher Columbus
1513:Christopher Columbus
1399:Confederate Monument
1349:Confederate Memorial
1314:District of Columbia
1301:Christopher Columbus
1268:Christopher Columbus
1256:Christopher Columbus
1244:Christopher Columbus
1233:Christopher Columbus
1221:Christopher Columbus
1210:Christopher Columbus
1164:Christopher Columbus
1121:Christopher Columbus
1088:Confederate Monument
1065:Confederate Monument
940:at Wikimedia Commons
2482:: ✻ Pending removal
2206:Slave Auction Block
843:. February 18, 2022
490:. November 2, 2013.
423:Informational notes
331:in the wake of the
198:topped by a female
154:was a memorial for
133:37.5586°N 77.4678°W
129: /
2433:Greater Manchester
2310:Hans Christian Heg
2165:Richard W. Dowling
1964:Theodore Roosevelt
1934:The Pioneer Mother
1838:Henry Lawson Wyatt
1785:Frederick Douglass
1774:Theodore Roosevelt
1539:Orville L. Hubbard
587:virginiaplaces.org
164:Richmond, Virginia
101:Richmond, Virginia
2487:
2486:
2473:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2322:
2321:
2318:
2317:
2262:Stonewall Jackson
2258:Howitzer Monument
2079:Edward W. Carmack
2002:George Whitefield
1972:George Washington
1465:John B. Castleman
1172:Francis Scott Key
1105:Carmel-by-the-Sea
936:Media related to
560:978-1-4000-6582-0
221:William C. Noland
206:representing the
148:
147:
138:37.5586; -77.4678
2587:
2445:
2434:
2423:
2412:
2388:
2364:
2353:
2339:
2338:
2328:
2327:
2300:
2246:
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2224:
2213:
2202:
2189:
2157:
2146:
2134:
2115:
2102:
2075:
2053:
2042:
2020:
1990:
1956:Thomas Jefferson
1942:
1923:
1897:
1871:
1857:
1845:
1834:Josephus Daniels
1826:
1819:Jerry Richardson
1815:
1803:
1781:
1770:
1763:Thomas Jefferson
1759:
1748:
1736:
1714:
1703:
1692:
1669:
1658:
1647:
1623:
1601:
1579:
1568:
1546:
1535:
1509:
1487:
1461:
1450:
1428:
1406:
1395:
1373:
1361:
1345:
1323:
1297:
1286:
1264:
1252:
1240:
1229:
1217:
1206:
1183:
1168:Ulysses S. Grant
1160:
1139:
1128:
1117:
1106:
1084:
1073:
1061:
1039:
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1000:
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897:
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864:
853:
852:
850:
848:
833:
827:
826:
815:
809:
808:
797:
791:
790:
789:. June 10, 2020.
777:
771:
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498:
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474:
454:
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437:
433:
397:
382:
367:
318:
232:farewell address
176:Edward Valentine
144:
143:
141:
140:
139:
134:
130:
127:
126:
125:
122:
112:
66:
64:
50:Edward Valentine
33:
21:
20:
2595:
2594:
2590:
2589:
2588:
2586:
2585:
2584:
2530:Monument Avenue
2505:1907 sculptures
2490:
2489:
2488:
2483:
2465:
2461:Robert Milligan
2443:
2432:
2421:
2410:
2396:
2386:
2372:
2362:
2351:
2333:
2332:Other countries
2314:
2298:
2286:
2278:J. E. B. Stuart
2254:Jefferson Davis
2244:
2233:
2222:
2211:
2200:
2187:
2175:
2155:
2144:
2132:
2113:
2100:
2088:
2073:
2061:
2057:John C. Calhoun
2051:
2040:
2028:
2018:
2006:
1988:
1976:
1968:Harvey W. Scott
1960:Abraham Lincoln
1940:
1921:
1909:
1895:
1883:
1869:
1855:
1843:
1824:
1813:
1801:
1789:
1779:
1768:
1757:
1746:
1740:Philip Schuyler
1734:
1722:
1718:Diego de Vargas
1712:
1701:
1690:
1678:
1667:
1656:
1645:
1633:
1621:
1609:
1599:
1587:
1577:
1572:Calvin Griffith
1566:
1554:
1544:
1533:
1521:
1507:
1495:
1485:
1473:
1459:
1454:Jefferson Davis
1448:
1436:
1426:
1414:
1404:
1393:
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1359:
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1321:
1309:
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912:
910:
898:
889:
879:
877:
865:
856:
846:
844:
835:
834:
830:
825:. July 8, 2020.
817:
816:
812:
807:. July 8, 2020.
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387:Jefferson Davis
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325:
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312:
286:
278:
276:
274:
272:
270:
260:
258:
256:
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208:seceding states
192:
168:Monument Avenue
156:Jefferson Davis
137:
135:
131:
128:
123:
120:
118:
116:
115:
108:
83:
74:statues: bronze
62:
60:
36:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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2453:Robert Clayton
2440:
2429:
2418:
2416:Edward Colston
2406:
2404:
2402:United Kingdom
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2201:Fredericksburg
2197:
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2129:
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2086:
2069:
2067:
2063:
2062:
2060:
2059:
2048:
2036:
2034:
2033:South Carolina
2030:
2029:
2027:
2026:
2014:
2012:
2008:
2007:
2005:
2004:
1984:
1982:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1974:
1937:
1917:
1915:
1911:
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1907:
1891:
1889:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1881:
1866:
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1821:
1810:
1807:Vance Monument
1797:
1795:
1794:North Carolina
1791:
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1776:
1765:
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2011:Rhode Island
1989:Philadelphia
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1998:Frank Rizzo
1928:The Pioneer
1844:Rocky Mount
1691:Albuquerque
1668:West Orange
1567:Minneapolis
1486:New Orleans
1327:Albert Pike
1197:Connecticut
1153:John Sutter
1127:Los Angeles
1116:Chula Vista
1072:Little Rock
1060:Bentonville
977:during the
436:and truth".
327:During the
236:U.S. Senate
190:Description
136: /
110:Coordinates
2494:Categories
2457:Thomas Guy
2368:Leopold II
2357:Leopold II
2223:Portsmouth
2194:Appomattox
2188:Alexandria
2145:Fort Worth
2052:Charleston
2019:Providence
1870:Wilmington
1683:New Mexico
1638:New Jersey
1578:Saint Paul
1460:Louisville
1322:Washington
1296:Wilmington
1251:New London
1228:Middletown
1205:Bridgeport
1138:Sacramento
1097:California
1083:Pine Bluff
1026:Huntsville
1011:Birmingham
418:References
124:77°28′04″W
121:37°33′31″N
79:Dimensions
2449:John Cass
2422:Cambridge
2291:Wisconsin
2083:Sam Davis
2074:Nashville
2066:Tennessee
1856:Salisbury
1814:Charlotte
1802:Asheville
1780:Rochester
1758:Hempstead
1622:Las Vegas
1600:St. Louis
1559:Minnesota
1478:Louisiana
1469:Louis XVI
1449:Frankfort
1239:New Haven
805:nbc12.com
461:Citations
243:children.
89:Condition
48:statues:
2387:Hamilton
2245:Richmond
2180:Virginia
2101:Beaumont
2041:Columbia
1941:Portland
1896:Columbus
1727:New York
1713:Santa Fe
1628:Hey Reb!
1592:Missouri
1534:Dearborn
1526:Michigan
1441:Kentucky
1277:Delaware
1216:Hartford
1052:Arkansas
913:June 23,
880:June 23,
847:July 13,
765:June 23,
708:June 23,
633:June 23,
569:70046094
532:March 2,
406:See also
329:protests
97:Location
2411:Bristol
2352:Antwerp
2343:Belgium
2305:Forward
2299:Madison
2234:Roanoke
2212:Norfolk
2156:Houston
1825:Raleigh
1747:Buffalo
1702:Alcalde
1545:Detroit
1419:Indiana
1405:Decatur
1386:Georgia
1360:Palatka
1336:Florida
1263:Norwalk
1182:Ventura
1003:Alabama
357:Gallery
323:Removal
284:History
234:to the
213:granite
61: (
2444:London
2133:Denton
2114:Dallas
1922:Eugene
1914:Oregon
1735:Albany
1657:Newark
1646:Camden
1614:Nevada
1508:Boston
1394:Athens
1372:Quincy
1038:Mobile
759:NBC 12
730:
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567:
557:
317:museum
228:frieze
103:, U.S.
71:Medium
45:Artist
35:(2013)
2363:Ghent
2093:Texas
1285:Dover
204:seals
1888:Ohio
915:2022
882:2022
849:2022
786:WWBT
767:2022
728:ISBN
710:2022
662:ISBN
635:2022
565:OCLC
555:ISBN
534:2024
445:The
150:The
63:1907
59:1907
56:Year
2480:Key
2459:✻;
2455:✻;
2260:✻;
2167:✻;
1996:✻;
1147:✻;
841:CNN
166:'s
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65:)
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