395:
515:
236:
487:, a multi-faceted, multi-towered temple that mixes Buddhist and Hindu iconography. Its outer walls have startling bas reliefs not only of warfare but the everyday life of the Khmer army and its followers. These reliefs show camp followers on the move with animals and oxcarts, hunters, women cooking, female traders selling to Chinese merchants, and celebrations of common foot soldiers. The reliefs also depict a naval battle on the great lake, the Tonle Sap.
503:
29:
557:. He embarked on the destruction or defacement of Jayavarman VII's Buddhist works. The niches all along the top of the wall around the city contained images of the Buddha, and most of these were removed. This included the great statue of Buddha at Bayon, and the Buddha images in Angkor Thom, which were converted into
406:
Buddhist, his declared aim was to alleviate the suffering of his people. One inscription tells us, "He suffered from the warts of his subjects more than from his own; the pain that affected men's bodies was for him a spiritual pain, and thus more piercing." This declaration must be read in light of
569:
The history of the Khmer empire cannot be read in the manner of
European patterns of kingship, inheritance, or nationhood. The sons of a Khmer king did not necessarily inherit their father's thrones; Jayavarman VII himself had many sons, such as Suryakumara and Virakumara (the suffix kumara usually
313:
as a monument to
Buddhism. Jayavarman VII is generally considered the most powerful of the Khmer monarchs by historians. His government built many projects including hospitals, highways, rest houses, and temples. With Buddhism as his motivation, King Jayavarman VII is credited with introducing a
407:
the undeniable fact that the numerous monuments erected by
Jayavarman must have required the labor of thousands of workers, and that Jayavarman's reign was marked by the centralization of the state and the herding of people into ever greater population centers.
601:
149:
546:, who doubts the reliability of the Chinese sources for this period. In 1181 Jayavarman VII became king after leading the Khmer forces against the Chams. Jayavarman VII then exacted vengeance against Champa in 1190, for the earlier raid in 1177.
498:
has been a favorite of khmer households and a masterpiece of the
National Museum for many years. The recent discovery of portions of the rest of his statue confirmed speculations about his spiritual aura as a sovereign.
875:
Chatterji, B. (1939). JAYAVARMAN VII (1181-1201 A.D.) (The last of the great monarchs of
Cambodia). Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, 3, 377-385. Retrieved June 4, 2020, from www.jstor.org/stable/44252387
595:
Though he had many sons, we know the names of only four, Suryakumara (mentioned in Ta Prohm), Virakumara (mentioned in Preah Khan), Srindrakumara (mentioned in
Banteay Chhmar), and Tamalinda (later became a
354:
to death. Also in 1178, when he was in his mid 50s, Jayavarman came to historical prominence by leading a Khmer army that ousted the invaders, which included a naval battle depicted on the walls of the
483:("Grand Angkor" or "Angkor of Dham(ma)") was a new city centre, called in its day Indrapattha. At the centre of the new city stands one of his most massive achievements—the temple now called the
472:("Ancestor Brahma") to his mother. An inscription indicates that this massive temple at one time had 80,000 people assigned to its upkeep, including 18 high priests and 615 female dancers.
437:("Coiled Serpent"), one of the smallest but most beautiful temples in the Angkor complex, a fountain with four surrounding ponds set on an island in that artificial lake.
570:
is translated as "prince", one of the king's sons), and
Srindrakumaraputra, the crown prince who died before his father, but only Indravarman II inherited the throne.
1080:
378:(1190–1191). His conquest of Champa made it a dependency of the Khmer Empire for thirty years. Jayavarman expanded Khmer control of the Mekong Valley northward to
1440:
1753:
1748:
1655:
1391:
1023:
987:
410:
Historians have identified many facets in
Jayavarman's intensive building program. In one phase, he focused on useful constructions, such as his famous
1834:
1763:
1452:
1287:
787:
1678:
1246:
363:. Returning to the capital, he found it in disorder. He put an end to the disputes between warring factions and in 1181 was crowned king himself.
1768:
1758:
913:
Woodward, H. W., & Douglas, J. G. (1994). The
Jayabuddhamahānātha Images of Cambodia. The Journal of the Walters Art Gallery, 52/53, 105–111.
398:
Bronze replica of one of the twenty-three stone images King
Jayavarman VII sent to different parts of his kingdom in 1191. The Walters Art Museum.
1292:
1200:
1396:
1282:
1216:
1147:
402:
Over the 37 years of his reign, Jayavarman embarked on a grand program of construction that included both public works and monuments. As a
1210:
2125:
1688:
1319:
1226:
1221:
1236:
1231:
1205:
581:". However, Brahmans continued to play a "role at court", with Hrishikesa being made chief priest, with the title Jayamahapradhana.
2135:
2095:
1683:
534:, who ruled until 1160. Due to the absence of Jayavarman VII, Yashovarman II succeeded the throne, who was himself overthrown by
771:
683:
Paul Mus: Angkor at the Time of Jayavarman VII., Bulletin de Société des Études Indochinoises (Paris), 27 (1952) 3: 261–273.
2100:
549:
Jayavarman died around 1218. He was succeeded by Indravarman II, who died by 1243. Indravarman was succeeded further by
1014:: "Following a brief spell when Angkor was ruled by the Cham, the Status quo was restored by Jayavarman VII (1181–1218)"
1140:
943:
732:
366:
Early in his reign, he probably repelled another Cham attack and quelled a rebellion of the vassal Kingdom of Malyang (
1165:
930:
864:
588:. The two women are commonly thought to have been a great inspiration to him, particularly in his strong devotion to
1048:
885:
577:
rest houses built every fifteen kilometers along raised highways for travellers, and 102 hospitals. His was the "
2140:
2002:
542:, invaded and Angkor was sacked. Nonetheless, this date, not to mention the event itself, has been questioned by
1703:
991:
975:
414:, rest houses along the roads, and reservoirs. Thereafter, he built a pair of temples in honor of his parents:
411:
1133:
2105:
1445:
654:
394:
543:
444:, in twenty-three towns in different parts of his empire. Among those towns were Lavodayapura (modern
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184:
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702:
889:
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33:
2130:
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351:
73:
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671:
Jean Boiselier: Refléxions sur l'art du Jayavarman VII., BSEI (Paris), 27 (1952) 3: 261–273.
538:(Protegee of the Sun of three worlds), assumed to be a usurper. In 1177, the Chams, led by
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2014:
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1935:
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A fictionalised account of the life of Jayavarman VII forms the basis of one thread of
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812:
Reynolds, F. E. (n.d.). Jayavarman VII. Britannica. Retrieved March 24, 2022, from
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Georges Coedès: Les hôpitaux de Jayavarman VII., BEFEO (Paris), 40 (1940): 344–347.
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121:
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1892:
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Higham, C., 2014, Early Mainland Southeast Asia, Bangkok: River Books Co., Ltd.,
859:
Higham, C., 2001, The Civilization of Angkor, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson,
791:
631:
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The Preah Khan inscription states that the King erected Buddha stone images, the
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1955:
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1796:
1621:
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1514:
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1464:
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1117:
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Jan Myrdal/Gun Kessle: Angkor - An Essay on Art and Imperialism, New York 1970.
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He married Princess Jayarajadevi and then, after her death, married her sister
523:
276:
88:
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Georges Coedès: Un grand roi de Cambodge - Jayavarman VII., Phnom Penh 1935.
346:, a tributary of the Tonle Sap. The invaders pillaged the Khmer capital of
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1816:
1539:
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1378:
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launched a surprise attack on the Khmer capital by sailing a fleet up the
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1824:
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1327:
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697:
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383:
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1965:
1844:
1791:
1786:
1743:
1735:
1708:
1274:
1185:
1125:
970:
Maspero, G., 2002, The Champa Kingdom, Bangkok: White Lotus Co., Ltd.,
914:
605:
574:
527:
449:
441:
419:
367:
153:
60:
370:). He was greatly helped by the military skill of refugee Prince Sri
309:, as only one prior Khmer king had been a Buddhist. He then built the
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1917:
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434:
379:
137:
2039:
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589:
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374:, who also played a part in the subsequent sacking and conquest of
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that served the physical and spiritual needs of the Khmer people.
306:
1980:
1970:
1925:
1907:
1801:
1778:
766:. Translated by Brown Cowing, Susan. University of Hawaii Press.
692:: Les monuments du style de Bayon et Jayavarman VII., Paris 1965.
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Jayavarman VII is commonly depicted with both his arms amputated.
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28:
1930:
1859:
1306:
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375:
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77:
1173:
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310:
988:"NUS: ARI > Publications > ARI Working Paper Series"
1083:
Are Ancient Goddesses Actually 12th Century Khmer Queens?
829:, A History of Cambodia (Boulder: Westview Press, 1992.)
680:
Louis Finot: Lokésvara en Indochine, Paris: EFEO, 1925.
626:
625:
Jayavarman VII appears as downloadable content for the
448:), Svarnapura, Sambukapattana, Srijayarajapuri (modern
425:
Finally, he constructed his own "temple-mountain" at
1577:
321:
1024:Siamese History prior to the founding of Ayuddhya
2082:
944:"Apsara unfolds Jayavarman VII statue's posture"
330:invaded the Khmer Empire. In 1177, Champa King
1141:
1049:"Civilization VI: Jayavarman VII leads Khmer"
788:"ការគ្រងរាជ្យរបស់ព្រះបាទជ័យវរ្ម័នទី៧ (ភាគ១៦)"
389:
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27:
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475:
460:), believed to have been situated more.
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961:
919:
764:The Indianized States of Southeast Asia
2083:
758:
1129:
942:Kimmarita, Long (December 11, 2019).
832:
741:
619:
530:, died in 1150. He was succeeded by
1053:Civilization® VI – The Official Site
915:http://www.jstor.org/stable/20169099
305:. He was the first king devoted to
13:
2126:Converts to Buddhism from Hinduism
14:
2152:
1166:Family tree of Cambodian monarchs
1069:
322:Defeat of the Cham and coronation
293:, c. 1122–1218), was king of the
990:. Ari.nus.edu.sg. Archived from
762:(1968). Vella, Walter F. (ed.).
456:), and Srijayavajrapuri (modern
234:
2136:13th-century Cambodian monarchs
2096:12th-century Cambodian monarchs
1041:
1032:
1017:
1005:
980:
935:
579:Buddhism of the Greater Vehicle
490:
326:In 1177 and again in 1178, the
907:
878:
869:
820:
806:
780:
716:
468:In 1186, Jayavarman dedicated
1:
1989:Harireak Reamea Issarathiptei
886:"Eight-armed Avalokiteshvara"
665:
509:
16:Cambodian king (c. 1122–1218)
655:List of monarchs of Cambodia
452:), Srijayasimhapuri (modern
7:
2101:Cambodian Buddhist monarchs
1012:The Rough Guide to Cambodia
643:
612:of Wat Sri choom Script of
524:Suryavarman (Sun Shield) II
463:
418:in honor of his mother and
382:and to the south, down the
46:Emperor of the Khmer Empire
10:
2157:
1802:Satha I (Barom Reachea IV)
433:around it. He also built
429:and developed the city of
390:Public works and monuments
2038:
2001:
1858:
1815:
1777:
1734:
1721:
1654:
1486:
1473:
1305:
1172:
1163:
1076:History of Jayavarman VII
660:Terrace of the Leper King
614:Sukhothai Historical Park
573:Jayavarman VII built 121
564:
301:(r. 1150–1160) and Queen
297:. He was the son of King
289:
283:), known posthumously as
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26:
21:
723:Chandler, David (2008).
709:
422:in honor of his father.
2020:Sisowath Chamchakrapong
815:Encyclopædia Britannica
526:, builder of the great
2141:13th-century Buddhists
1893:Barom Reachea V (VIII)
1850:Barom Reachea IV (VII)
1840:Barom Reachea III (VI)
890:The Walters Art Museum
519:
506:
399:
34:Bust of Jayavarman VII
1797:Barom Reachea I (III)
1612:Tribhuvanadityavarman
1579:Mahidharapura dynasty
1098:Tribhuvanadityavarman
725:A History of Cambodia
635:, where he leads the
536:Tribhuvanadityavarman
517:
505:
496:Jayavarman VII's bust
476:Angkor Thom and Bayon
397:
352:Tribhuvanadityavarman
74:Tribhuvanadityavarman
2015:Norodom Prohmbarirak
1835:Barom Reachea II (V)
1754:Reachea Ramathipatei
1602:Dharanindravarman II
1570:Nripatindravarman II
1343:Kambuja-raja-lakshmi
1252:Jayavarman Kaundinya
1157:Monarchs of Cambodia
1038:wisonk.wordpress.com
703:The King's Last Song
604:, chief consorts of
600:). He also fathered
532:Dharanindravarman II
303:Sri Jayarajacudamani
299:Dharanindravarman II
205:Sri Jayarajacudamani
195:Dharanindravarman II
2106:Cambodian Buddhists
2003:French protectorate
1749:Noreay Ramathipatei
1656:Trasak Paem dynasty
1592:Dharanindravarman I
1560:Udayadityavarman II
1392:Nripatindravarman I
650:History of Cambodia
608:, that appeared in
606:Pho Khun Pha Mueang
540:Jaya Indravarman IV
442:Jayabuddhamahanatha
338:River, across Lake
332:Jaya Indravarman IV
154:Pho Khun Pha Mueang
152:(Queen consorts of
1971:Noreay Reachea III
1936:Thommo Reachea III
1545:Udayadityavarman I
1105:King of the Khmers
1028:thesiamsociety.org
620:In popular culture
575:"houses with fire"
520:
507:
400:
342:, and then up the
2078:
2077:
2057:Sisowath Kossamak
2052:Norodom Suramarit
2025:Sisowath Monivong
1997:
1996:
1951:Reameathiptei III
1946:Thommo Reachea IV
1873:Thommo Reachea II
1717:
1716:
1650:
1649:
1535:Rajendravarman II
1354:
1353:
1301:
1300:
1124:
1123:
827:David P. Chandler
773:978-0-8248-0368-1
285:Mahaparamasaugata
270:
269:
215:Mahayana Buddhism
174:
173:
118:1218 (aged c. 95)
2148:
2070:Norodom Sihamoni
2065:Norodom Sihanouk
2061:
2045:
2030:Norodom Sihanouk
2008:
1985:
1931:Reameathiptei II
1922:
1908:Batom Reachea II
1898:Chey Chettha III
1878:Ang Tong Reachea
1764:Thommo Reachea I
1744:Barom Reachea II
1732:
1731:
1728:
1709:Barom Reachea II
1575:
1574:
1565:Harshavarman III
1484:
1483:
1480:
1461:
1453:Rajendravarman I
1449:
1437:
1429:
1421:
1413:
1405:
1388:
1347:
1316:
1315:
1312:
1288:Mhenteractvarman
1271:
1270:
1261:
1191:
1179:
1150:
1143:
1136:
1127:
1126:
1109:1181–1218
1089:
1088:
1063:
1062:
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959:
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905:
904:
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901:
892:. Archived from
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602:Sikhara Mahadevi
292:
291:
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225:Military service
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150:Sikhara Mahadevi
125:
31:
19:
18:
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2147:
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2074:
2059:
2043:
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2040:Modern Cambodia
2034:
2006:
2005:
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1983:
1920:
1913:Chey Chettha IV
1888:Reameathiptei I
1868:Chey Chettha II
1854:
1811:
1773:
1726:
1725:
1713:
1694:Barom Reachea I
1679:Lompong Reachea
1674:Sithean Reachea
1646:
1637:Indrajayavarman
1632:Indravarman III
1627:Jayavarman VIII
1573:
1530:Harshavarman II
1520:Ishanavarman II
1478:
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948:Phnom Penh Post
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792:Radio Free Asia
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632:Civilization VI
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551:Jayavarman VIII
544:Michael Vickery
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478:
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344:Siem Reap River
324:
258:
254:Khmer–Cham wars
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40:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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2098:
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2091:Jayavarman VII
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2046:
2044:(1953–present)
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2011:
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1956:Chey Chettha V
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1807:Chey Chettha I
1804:
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1781:
1775:
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1769:Srei Sukonthor
1766:
1761:
1759:Srei Soriyotei
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1634:
1629:
1624:
1622:Indravarman II
1619:
1617:Jayavarman VII
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1597:Suryavarman II
1594:
1589:
1583:
1581:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1550:Jayaviravarman
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1515:Harshavarman I
1512:
1507:
1502:
1500:Jayavarman III
1497:
1492:
1490:
1488:Varman dynasty
1481:
1471:
1470:
1468:
1467:
1465:Mahipativarman
1462:
1450:
1438:
1430:
1422:
1417:Nrpatendradevi
1414:
1406:
1394:
1389:
1381:
1376:
1374:Bhavavarman II
1371:
1366:
1364:Mahendravarman
1361:
1355:
1352:
1351:
1349:
1348:
1340:
1335:
1333:Sreshthavarman
1330:
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38:Guimet Museum
35:
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25:
20:
2131:Khmer people
2116:1120s births
2060:(ceremonial)
1966:Ream Reachea
1830:Preah Ram II
1817:Srei Santhor
1792:Chan Reachea
1787:Srei Chettha
1616:
1540:Jayavarman V
1510:Yasovarman I
1475:Khmer Empire
1397:Pushkaraksha
1379:Jayavarman I
1283:Pvirakvarman
1242:Kaundinya II
1217:Fan Jinsheng
1213:(Srei Meara)
1197:(Preah Tong)
1116:
1112:
1103:
1096:
1093:Preceded by:
1092:
1082:
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1052:
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1034:
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1019:
1011:
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947:
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894:the original
880:
871:
822:
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796:. Retrieved
790:(in Khmer).
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491:Popular icon
479:
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454:Kanchanaburi
439:
424:
409:
401:
372:Vidyanandana
365:
325:
295:Khmer Empire
284:
281:ជ័យវរ្ម័នទី៧
272:
271:
247:Battles/wars
241:Khmer Empire
134:Jayarajadevi
109:Khmer Empire
102:c. 1122/1125
2121:1218 deaths
2111:Khmer kings
2007:(1863–1953)
1903:Kaev Hua II
1825:Preah Ram I
1727:(1431–1863)
1723:Post-Angkor
1699:Thomma Saok
1669:Nippean Bat
1664:Trasak Paem
1456: [
1444: [
1425:Jayendrabha
1400: [
1328:Srutavarman
1265:Rudravarman
1195:Kaundinya I
1178:(68 CE–550)
698:Geoff Ryman
629:video game
481:Angkor Thom
431:Angkor Thom
384:Kra Isthmus
290:មហាបរមសៅគាត
170:Jayavarthon
70:Predecessor
2085:Categories
1845:Kaev Hua I
1704:In Reachea
1479:(802–1431)
1433:Jyestharya
1338:Viravarman
1275:Vyadhapura
1211:Fan Shiman
1058:2020-12-01
998:2012-03-17
976:9747534991
900:2012-09-20
727:. Avalon.
666:References
528:Angkor Wat
510:Chronology
450:Ratchaburi
420:Preah Khan
368:Battambang
230:Allegiance
61:Coronation
22:Jayavarmin
1976:Outey III
1736:Chaktomuk
1689:Soryavong
1320:Bhavapura
1311:(550–802)
1227:Fan Chang
1081:Article:
586:Indradevi
435:Neak Pean
380:Vientiane
340:Tonlé Sap
138:Indradevi
85:Successor
80:Invasion)
55:1181–1218
1961:Outey II
1941:Satha II
1384:Jayadevi
1222:Fan Zhan
644:See also
590:Buddhism
555:Shivaite
470:Ta Prohm
464:Ta Prohm
458:Phetburi
416:Ta Prohm
404:Mahayana
307:Buddhism
211:Religion
1984:(queen)
1981:Ang Mey
1926:Outey I
1921:(queen)
1779:Longvek
1436:(queen)
1428:(queen)
1420:(queen)
1412:(queen)
1409:Indrani
1387:(queen)
1346:(queen)
1260:(queen)
1237:Candana
1232:Fan Xun
1206:Pan-Pan
1190:(queen)
446:Lopburi
180:Dynasty
130:Consort
1860:Oudong
974:
929:
863:
798:4 June
770:
731:
598:bhikku
565:Legacy
376:Champa
336:Mekong
201:Mother
191:Father
185:Varman
105:Angkor
1684:Basat
1460:]
1448:]
1404:]
710:Notes
637:Khmer
610:Stele
559:linga
522:King
485:Bayon
427:Bayon
357:Bayon
311:Bayon
277:Khmer
165:Names
145:Issue
52:Reign
1186:Soma
972:ISBN
955:2020
927:ISBN
861:ISBN
800:2014
768:ISBN
729:ISBN
553:, a
359:and
328:Cham
115:Died
99:Born
78:Cham
65:1182
1918:Tey
2087::
1458:fr
1446:fr
1402:fr
1051:.
1026:.
963:^
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957:.
903:.
802:.
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287:(
275:(
156:)
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