850:, which was patrolling offshore and alerted the Russians. Tōgō chose to attack the Russian coastal defenses with his main armament and engage the ships with his secondary guns. Splitting his fire proved to be a poor decision as the Japanese eight- and six-inch guns inflicted little damage on the Russian ships, which concentrated all their fire on the Japanese ships with some effect. Although many ships on both sides were hit, Russian casualties numbered some 150, while the Japanese suffered roughly 90 killed and wounded before Tōgō disengaged.
783:
1616:
47:
1211:
26:
987:
1046:, the rear ship of the Russian formation. She was hit fairly quickly and began to fall astern of the other two ships. Jessen turned southeast in an attempt to open the range, but this blinded the Russian gunners with the rising sun and prevented any of their broadside guns from bearing on the Japanese. About 06:00, Jessen turned 180° to starboard in an attempt to reach the Korean coast and to allow
1496:. In 1940, the ship was refitted as a training minelayer which reduced her capacity to 200-300 mines. As part of the refit, her forward 8-inch gun turret and the four amidships 6-inch guns were removed, as was one of the 8 cm/40 3rd Year Type AA guns. Her anti-aircraft armament was heavily reinforced with the addition of two single 40-millimeter (1.6 in) guns and twenty license-built
1066:, but the latter ship suddenly turn to starboard and increased speed and passed between Jessen's ships and the Japanese. Kamimura turned 180° as well so that both squadrons were heading southeast on parallel courses, but Jessen quickly made another 180° turn so that they headed on opposing courses. The Russians reversed course for the third time around 07:45 in another attempt to support
1262:
when the range closed to 8,000–9,000 meters (8,700–9,800 yd). Nothing is known of any effect on the
Russians and they ceased fire by 19:30 and rejoined Tōgō at 20:08 as night was falling. The surviving Russian ships were spotted the next morning and the Japanese ships opened fire around 10:30, staying beyond the range at which the Russian ships could effectively reply. Rear Admiral
1016:, had to raise steam, so he did not sortie until the evening of 13 August. By dawn he had reached Tsushima, but turned back when he failed to see any ships from the Port Arthur squadron. 36 miles (58 km) north of the island he encountered Kamimura's squadron, which consisted of four modern armored cruisers,
891:
engaged the
Russian cruisers that preceded the battleships before falling back on Tōgō's battleships. When Makarov spotted the five Japanese battleships, he turned back for Port Arthur and his flagship ran into the minefield just laid by the Japanese. The ship sank in less than two minutes after one
1261:
After 17:30 Kamimura led his division in a fruitless pursuit of some of the
Russian cruisers, leaving Tōgō's battleships to their own devices. He abandoned his chase around 18:03 and turned northwards to rejoin Tōgō. His ships spotted the rear of the Russian battleline around 18:30 and opened fire
519:
and included four armored cruisers in addition to four more battleships, all of which had to be ordered from
British shipyards as Japan lacked the capability to build them itself. Further consideration of the Russian building program caused the IJN to believe that the battleships ordered under the
943:
on 15 June due to heavy rain and fog. The
Russians sortied again on 30 June and Kamimura finally was able to intercept them the next day near Okinoshima. The light was failing when they were spotted and the Russians were able to disengage in the darkness. Jessen's ships sortied again on 17 July
524:. Budgetary limitations prevented ordering more battleships and the IJN decided to expand the number of more affordable armored cruisers to be ordered from four to six ships. The revised plan is commonly known as the "Six-Six Fleet". Unlike most of their contemporaries which were designed for
697:
ran the full length of the ship and its thickness varied from 178 millimeters (7.0 in) amidships to 89 millimeters (3.5 in) at the bow and stern. It had a height of 2.13 meters (7 ft 0 in), of which 1.52 meters (5 ft 0 in) was normally underwater. The upper
1230:, they were spotted by patrolling Japanese ships early that morning, but visibility was limited and radio reception poor. The preliminary reports were enough to cause Tōgō to order his ships to put to sea and the 2nd Division spotted the Russian ships under the command of Vice Admiral
1041:
Jessen ordered his ships to turn to the northeast when he spotted the
Japanese at 05:00 and they followed suit, albeit on a slightly converging course. Both sides opened fire around 05:23 at a range of 8,500 meters (9,300 yd). The Japanese ships concentrated their fire on
1481:
boilers that reduced her maximum speed to 16 knots (30 km/h; 18 mph) and her remaining torpedo tubes were removed. The space made available by these changes increased her capacity to 500 mines. With the establishment of the 4th Fleet on 15 November 1939,
718:
The barbettes, gun turrets and the front of the casemates were all 152 millimeters thick while the sides and rear of the casemates were protected by 51 millimeters (2.0 in) of armor. The deck was also 51 millimeters thick and the armor protecting the
1058:
was hit three times in the stern, flooding her steering compartment; she had to be steered with her engines. Her speed continued to decrease, further exposing her to
Japanese fire, and her steering jammed to port around 06:40.
840:
to be much more successful than it was, anticipating that the
Russians would be badly disorganized and weakened, but they had recovered from their surprise and were ready for his attack. The Japanese ships were spotted by the
873:, but were driven off by heavy fire from the shore defenses, although they managed to rescue the wounded crewmen. Tōgō successfully lured out a portion of the Russian Pacific Squadron on 13 April, including Vice Admiral
1119:
had expended three-quarters of her ammunition and he turned back after a five-minute rapid-fire barrage. He did not wish to leave the
Tsushima Strait unguarded and thought that he could use his remaining ammunition on
702:
of belt armor was 127 millimeters (5.0 in) thick and extended from the upper edge of the waterline belt to the main deck. It extended 65.42 meters (214 ft 8 in) from the forward to the rear
1078:
to the south at 08:00 and allowed the other two
Russian ships to get to his north and gave them an uncontested route to Vladivostok. Despite this, Jessen turned back once more at 08:15 and ordered
1038:. The two squadrons had passed during the night without spotting one another and each had reversed course around first light. This put the Japanese ships astride the Russian route to Vladivostok.
1354:, but the German ship was sunk before the mission began. The cruiser was assigned to the Training Squadron on 1 September 1916 preparatory to her departure on 5 April 1917 with
1440:. To accommodate her 200–300 mines, her rear 8-inch gun turret removed, as were the six 6-inch guns on the main deck. In addition, the number of light guns was reduced to two
491:
during 1944–45 until she was twice damaged by American mines in 1945. After repairs were completed, the ship was badly damaged by American aircraft and her crew was forced to
1112:
assumed her place in the line. The Japanese closed to a minimum of about 5,000 meters (5,500 yd), but Kamimura then opened the range up to 6,500 meters (7,100 yd).
1101:. They fought a running battle with the Russians for the next hour and a half; scoring enough hits on them to force their speed down to 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph).
1477:
from January 1932 to May 1933 after the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931 and patrolled northern China. From November 1937 to 1938, the ship was retrofitted with eight
1159:
and a destroyer had taken refuge after the Battle of the Yellow Sea. He returned home on 8 September after the Chinese government formally interned the Russian ships.
1148:
only suffered three men wounded during the battle. After the battle the cruiser was transferred to Rear Admiral Uryū Sotokichi's command who began a blockade of
972:
on the 30th; later that day he received word that Jessen's ships had passed through the Tsugaru Strait early that morning and reached Vladivostok on 1 August.
413:(IJN) in the late 1890s. As Japan lacked the industrial capacity to build such warships herself, the ship was built in Britain. She played minor roles in the
1248:
suddenly appeared out of the mist at 15:35 at a range of about 2,000 meters (6,600 ft). All of Kamimura's ships engaged her for five minutes or so with
1174:
to refit. The ship was reassigned to the 2nd Division after the refit, which was ordered north to Wonsan on 2 February to escort the occupation force there.
1604:
bombers on 3 June 1945. At some point during the war, her armament was augmented with approximately ten 25 mm Type 96 AA guns in single mounts and 80
1097:, were approaching from the south. Their arrival allowed Kamimura to pursue Jessen with all of his armored cruisers while the two new arrivals dealt with
2763:
1238:
was third in line of six when Tōgō opened fire on the 2nd Pacific Squadron at 14:10 and, like most of the ships in the division, engaged the battleship
920:, to break through and unite with the Pacific Squadron. The two units narrowly missed each other on the 24th in heavy fog and the Japanese proceeded to
763:
2758:
1270:
was struck by one large and seven small shells, mostly 75-millimeter. They caused only minor damage, but killed one crewman and wounded fourteen.
2712:
1274:
685:
All of the "Six-Six Fleet" armored cruisers used the same armor scheme with some minor differences, of which the most important was that the two
2748:
2644:
1234:
at around 11:30. Kamimura closed to about a range of 8,000 meters (8,700 yd) before sheering off under fire to join Tōgō's battleships.
762:
had been appointed on 5 April to supervise her construction and bring her to Japan. He was relieved of command after his arrival by Captain
2617:
2534:
1609:
2778:
1662:
was severely damaged by a direct bomb hit and four near misses in an air attack on 9 August 1945 by United States Navy aircraft from
1277:
assumed command of the ship on 14 June, as Tōgō was reorganizing the fleet for future operations. As the IJN was preparing to invade
1244:
which was forced to fall out of formation at 14:50 and sank 20 minutes later. By this time the Russian formation was in disorder and
1388:
was reassigned to the Training Squadron on 10 August 1918 and returned home to prepare for her next training cruise, together with
882:
1054:
then developed engine problems and the Japanese squadron slowed to conform with her best speed. Firing recommenced at 06:24 and
2753:
2738:
1082:
to make her own way back to Vladivostok before turning north at his maximum speed, about 18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph).
1050:
to rejoin the squadron. Kamimura followed suit around 06:10, but turned to port, which opened the range between the squadrons.
868:
809:
on 18 January 1904. At the start of the Russo-Japanese War a few weeks later, the ship was assigned to the 2nd Division of the
2501:
2482:
2440:
2336:
1266:
therefore decided to surrender his ships as he could neither return fire nor close the range. Over the course of the battle,
1630:
1374:. After her return on 17 August, the ship was relieved of her assignment to the Training Squadron on 25 August and sent to
1132:. They had radioed Kamimura that she was sunk, but he did not receive the message. Shortly after the Japanese turned back,
957:
798:
608:
from 19,040 ihp (14,200 kW). She carried up to 1,390 long tons (1,410 t) of coal and could steam for 10,000
2773:
2768:
1574:
1474:
810:
472:
581:
246:
2637:
2582:
2563:
2523:
2459:
2418:
2399:
2355:
2317:
2271:
2249:
2226:
2207:
2188:
2169:
2150:
1497:
944:
headed for the eastern coast of Japan to act as a diversion and pull Japanese forces out of the Sea of Japan and the
1463:
mines were being disarmed. One mine detonated and then several others followed, killing 35 crewmen and wounding 65.
801:, was appointed to the ship in July 1903 until the ship's return after the Battle off Ulsan in August 1904. Captain
483:
in New Guinea. Damaged by American aircraft shortly afterwards, the ship was forced to return to Japan for repairs.
1515:
and the other minelayers of the 19th Division escorted two troop transports that carried the occupation forces for
964:, fearing that Jessen would circumnavigate Japan to reach Port Arthur. Two days later he was ordered north to the
2435:. Historical Dictionaries of War, Revolution, and Civil Unrest. Vol. 29. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press.
1445:
1371:
1178:
was ordered home on 12 February for another refit. On 13 April, the 2nd Division, including the armored cruisers
664:
311:
2601:
1441:
1416:. After her return on 20 May 1920, the ship was relieved of her assignment to the Training Squadron on 4 June.
660:
464:
305:
2141:
Brook, Peter (2000). "Armoured Cruiser vs. Armoured Cruiser: Ulsan 14 August 1904". In Preston, Antony (ed.).
1550:
on 14 July, and, on 19 August, was assigned to the Japanese task force sent to reoccupy Makin Atoll after the
2733:
1491:
548:
2630:
1486:
was assigned to the 18th Division, and a year later to the 19th Division under the command of Rear Admiral
1011:
620:
293:
1239:
994:
On 10 August, the ships at Port Arthur attempted a breakout to Vladivostok, but were turned back in the
1092:
916:
against any attempt by the Vladivostok Independent Cruiser Squadron, under the command of Rear Admiral
2492:
Milanovich, Kathrin (2014). "Armored Cruisers of the Imperial Japanese Navy". In Jordan, John (ed.).
998:. Jessen was ordered to rendezvous with them, but the order was delayed. His three armored cruisers,
897:
751:
on 6 July 1898 and completed on 18 May 1899. The ship departed for Japan the next day and arrived in
748:
1558:
908:
rejoined the 2nd Division a few days later and Kamimura was ordered north in mid-April to cover the
857:
was detached from the 2nd Division and reassigned to Rear Admiral Dewa's 3rd Division. On 10 March,
1005:
995:
862:
636:
2288:
1500:
1253:
1183:
1086:
845:
644:
516:
480:
299:
25:
2546:
2198:
Campbell, N.J.M. (1978). "The Battle of Tsu-Shima, Parts 2, 3 and 4". In Preston, Antony (ed.).
1062:
Jessen made another 180° turn in an attempt to interpose his two ships between the Japanese and
821:
802:
566:
9,667 metric tons (9,514 long tons) at normal load and 10,476 metric tons (10,311 long tons) at
2667:
1523:
in the Gilbert Islands. In January 1942, the ship participated in Operation R (the invasion of
1223:
1153:
1029:
1023:
1017:
999:
829:
744:
410:
1074:
was on fire herself; her fires were extinguished about twenty minutes later. Kamimura circled
604:(41 km/h; 25 mph) and reached 23.1 knots (42.8 km/h; 26.6 mph) during her
1536:
936:
814:
521:
426:
2238:
1683:
833:
794:
593:
574:
of 0.88 meters (2 ft 11 in). Her crew consisted of 676 officers and enlisted men.
221:
1437:
1231:
893:
712:
589:
370:
228:
1378:, Hawaii in October to protect shipping from any German commerce raiders and to allow the
952:
two days later and began capturing ships bound for Japan. The arrival of the Russians off
896:
exploded, and Makarov was one of the 677 killed. In addition to this loss, the battleship
8:
2743:
2696:
2653:
1667:
1562:
940:
736:
563:
492:
396:
166:
81:
1561:
and departed Truk on 26 May in a convoy to Yokosuka that was unsuccessfully attacked by
2471:
2282:
1679:
1601:
1333:
1294:
1205:
1171:
752:
632:
571:
434:
422:
2597:
2578:
2559:
2519:
2497:
2478:
2455:
2436:
2414:
2395:
2351:
2332:
2313:
2292:
2267:
2245:
2222:
2203:
2184:
2165:
2146:
1448:
1413:
1367:
1321:
1309:
1263:
842:
679:
612:(19,000 km; 12,000 mi) at a speed of 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph).
1337:
981:
640:
525:
430:
2511:
2310:
Kaigun: Strategy, Tactics, and Technology in the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1887–1941
2202:. Vol. II. London: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 127–35, 186–192, 258–65.
1535:
afterwards. She was damaged in an air raid by American aircraft from the carrier
1532:
969:
968:
and then to Tokyo Bay on the 28th. The General Staff finally ordered him back to
771:
756:
651:
on the main and upper decks and their mounts on the upper deck were protected by
585:
552:
476:
414:
402:
172:
52:
1312:
and her six-inch guns were replaced by Japanese-built models. In December 1911,
759:
2259:
1615:
1582:
1487:
1405:
1293:, was tasked to defend the Korea Strait before it escorted troops that made an
949:
874:
825:
782:
628:
544:
537:
500:
191:
85:
1170:
were transferred to the 1st Division. In November the cruiser was sent to the
2727:
1703:
1663:
1645:
1632:
1593:
was herself mined on 14 April 1945, approximately 78 miles (126 km) off
720:
667:
609:
504:
456:
438:
364:
314:
271:
148:
2366:
2428:
2305:
2296:
1605:
1547:
913:
909:
818:
690:
675:
671:
616:
556:
475:
in 1939. During the Pacific War, she participated in the occupation of the
320:
2516:
Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945: The Naval History of World War Two
1297:
in northeastern Korea. In mid-August, the division covered the landing at
1210:
1456:
1451:
were added. These modifications were completed in March 1924. The ship's
965:
961:
921:
917:
740:
601:
533:
442:
418:
340:
259:
1597:
suffering moderate damage. She was later damaged again by mines laid by
274:(19,000 km; 12,000 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph)
2622:
1594:
1551:
1516:
1409:
1393:
1359:
1227:
1193:
1189:
1144:
to make repairs. None of the Japanese ships were seriously damaged and
945:
694:
652:
624:
460:
346:
334:
2518:(Third Revised ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press.
1115:
About 10:00, Kamimura's gunnery officer erroneously informed him that
1675:
1624:
1586:
1397:
1349:
1345:
953:
935:
The division failed to intercept the Russian squadron as it attacked
925:
837:
605:
567:
488:
452:
459:
in 1927 after she was damaged by an accidental explosion of several
2575:
The Tide at Sunrise: A History of the Russo-Japanese War, 1904–1905
1421:
1375:
1298:
1278:
1149:
1141:
878:
704:
678:, one above water in the bow and four submerged tubes, two on each
648:
597:
358:
352:
2473:
Sailor Diplomat: Nomura Kichisaburō and the Japanese-American War
1528:
1379:
2409:
Jentschura, Hansgeorg; Jung, Dieter & Mickel, Peter (1977).
2375:
FUSETSUKAN! Stories and Battle Histories of the IJN's Minelayers
1542:
on 1 February 1942 and forced to return to Sasebo for repairs.
1524:
1520:
1478:
1363:
986:
929:
699:
463:. The ship was deployed to Northern China in 1932–33 after the
1281:
Island in early July, Kamimura's 2nd Division, now reduced to
674:. The ship was equipped with five 457 mm (18.0 in)
2329:
Russian Battleship vs Japanese Battleship, Yellow Sea 1904–05
1598:
1452:
2477:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Asia Center.
1320:
were deployed to Port Arthur to keep order there during the
1460:
1085:
About this time Kamimura's two elderly protected cruisers,
1455:
suffered substantial damage in an accidental explosion in
1258:
also firing torpedoes at the Russian ship without effect.
647:
guns. Only four of these guns were not mounted in armored
555:
of 20.48 meters (67 ft 2 in) and had an average
715:
that closed off the ends of the central armored citadel.
619:
for all of the "Six-Six Fleet" armored cruisers was four
2365:
Hackett, Bob & Kingsepp, Sander (24 December 2011).
2264:
Maritime Operations in the Russo-Japanese War, 1904–1905
2236:
Chesneau, Roger & Kolesnik, Eugene M., eds. (1979).
1348:
preparatory to searching for the German commerce raider
543:
The ship was 134.72 meters (442 ft 0 in) long
536:
were intended as fleet scouts and to be employed in the
2413:. Annapolis, Maryland: United States Naval Institute.
2284:
The World's Navies in the Boxer Rebellion (China 1900)
836:. Tōgō had expected the surprise night attack by his
520:
original plan would not be sufficient to counter the
495:
her lest she sink shortly before the end of the war.
2408:
1682:, the wreck was refloated on 5 April 1947, towed to
747:
on 6 January 1897 as a speculative venture. She was
2181:
The Japanese Siege of Tsingtau: World War I in Asia
1226:approached Japan on 27 May, having sailed from the
2470:
2237:
1573:was reassigned to the 18th Escort Squadron of the
2592:Watts, Anthony J. & Gordon, Brian G. (1971).
2411:Warships of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1869–1945
2348:Japanese Naval Vessels at the End of World War II
2240:Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905
2219:Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946
2162:Warships for Export: Armstrong Warships 1867–1927
1467:was assigned to the reserve fleet after repairs.
1332:The ship participated in the early stages of the
1108:s engines again broke down during this chase and
723:was 356 millimeters (14.0 in) in thickness.
515:The 1896 Naval Expansion Plan was made after the
2725:
2235:
592:and the engines were rated at a total of 18,000
588:. Steam for the engines was provided by a dozen
471:returned to active duty and was assigned to the
2433:Historical Dictionary of the Russo-Japanese War
2364:
2326:
1612:and Type 2, Mark 2, Model 1 air search radars.
960:to order Kamimura to sail for Cape Toi Misaki,
2713:List of cruisers of the Imperial Japanese Navy
2454:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press.
2394:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press.
2312:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press.
2266:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press.
1557:On 1 May 1943, the ship was reassigned to the
388:
2638:
2535:"Anglo-Japanese Naval Cooperation, 1914–1918"
1436:began her conversion into a minelayer at the
1427:
510:
2572:
2545:(1). Naval War College Press. Archived from
2449:
2303:
1706:, 12 cwt referring to the weight of the gun.
867:attempted to capture the disabled destroyer
437:. After the war she was sometimes used as a
2591:
2553:
2764:World War II mine warfare vessels of Japan
2645:
2631:
2573:Warner, Denis & Warner, Peggy (2002).
2491:
2450:Lacroix, Eric & Wells, Linton (1997).
1581:laid thousands of mines in the waters off
726:
547:and 124.36 meters (408 ft 0 in)
1686:, and scrapped from August–October 1947.
1400:and again on 24 November 1919, also with
1301:, closer to the Russian border. In 1910,
828:in an attack on the Russian ships of the
425:of 1904–05 where she participated in the
2759:Minelayers of the Imperial Japanese Navy
2652:
2287:. London: Digby, Long & Co. p.
2244:. Greenwich, UK: Conway Maritime Press.
2221:. Greenwich, UK: Conway Maritime Press.
2216:
2197:
1614:
1382:to redeploy its forces to the Atlantic.
1340:on 2 October 1914. The following month,
1209:
985:
781:
528:or to defend colonies and trade routes,
2389:
2258:
2178:
1370:with cadets from the 44th class of the
600:). The ship had a designed speed of 22
247:Vertical triple-expansion steam engines
190:134.72 m (442 ft 0 in) (
2726:
2556:Directory of the World's Capital Ships
2510:
2427:
2088:
2086:
1933:Corbett, I, pp. 283–89, 319–25, 337–51
1800:
711:class had oblique 127 mm armored
559:of 7.4 meters (24 ft 3 in).
319:5 × single 457 mm (18.0 in)
2626:
2532:
2468:
2345:
2183:. Hamden, Connecticut: Archon Books.
2159:
2140:
1959:
1957:
1839:
1837:
1835:
1833:
1831:
1829:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1199:
777:
770:supported Japanese forces during the
43:
2749:Russo-Japanese War cruisers of Japan
2596:. Garden City, New York: Doubleday.
2577:(2nd ed.). London: Frank Cass.
2452:Japanese Cruisers of the Pacific War
2053:Corbett, II, pp. 356, 363–65, 377–80
1990:Corbett, II, pp. 52, 97, 159–60, 177
1761:Jentschura, Jung & Mickel, p. 72
1757:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1749:
1308:s boilers were replaced by Miyabara
1124:. By this time she had been sunk by
2280:
2083:
2038:
975:
948:. The Russian ships passed through
202:20.48 m (67 ft 2 in)
13:
2779:Ships built by Armstrong Whitworth
2029:
1954:
1818:
1619:Wrecked at the end of World War II
1608:. In addition she was fitted with
1503:light AA guns in twin-gun mounts.
361:: 51–152 mm (2.0–6.0 in)
337:: 89–178 mm (3.5–7.0 in)
210:7.43 m (24 ft 5 in)
158:General characteristics (as built)
14:
2790:
2618:Tokiwa on The Blueprints Database
2611:
2533:Saxon, Timothy D. (Winter 2000).
2164:. Gravesend: World Ship Society.
2145:. London: Conway Maritime Press.
1773:
1746:
1670:by her crew. On 30 November 1945
1392:, that began on 1 March 1919 for
1358:on a training cruise to ports in
421:, but was very active during the
145:Sunk by air attack, 9 August 1945
1420:was reclassified as a 1st class
45:
24:
2134:
2122:
2113:
2104:
2095:
2074:
2065:
2056:
2047:
2020:
2011:
2002:
1993:
1984:
1975:
1966:
1945:
1936:
1927:
1918:
1909:
1906:Warner & Warner, pp. 236–38
1900:
1891:
1882:
1873:
1864:
1855:
1846:
1809:
1806:Chesneau & Kolesnik, p. 224
1372:Imperial Japanese Naval Academy
735:was signed on 6 July 1897 with
670:as close-range defense against
659:was also equipped with a dozen
2558:. New York: Hippocrene Books.
2392:A Naval History of World War I
1924:Corbett, I, pp. 188–89, 191–96
1791:
1782:
1764:
1737:
1728:
1725:Evans & Peattie, pp. 57–62
1719:
1702:"Cwt" is the abbreviation for
1696:
1589:in February 1945. Ironically,
1506:
1327:
582:triple-expansion steam engines
465:Japanese invasion of Manchuria
455:in 1922–24. She was placed in
182:9,667 t (9,514 long tons)
1:
2754:World War I cruisers of Japan
2739:Ships built on the River Tyne
2554:Silverstone, Paul H. (1984).
2371:: Tabular Record of Movement"
2217:Chesneau, Roger, ed. (1980).
1224:2nd and 3rd Pacific Squadrons
689:-class ships used less tough
294:20.3 cm/45 Type 41 naval guns
2179:Burdick, Charles B. (1976).
2017:Campbell, Part 3, pp. 186–87
2008:Campbell, Part 2, pp. 128–32
1713:
1490:together with the minelayer
990:At anchor in a 1905 postcard
739:. The ship had already been
367:: 356 mm (14.0 in)
7:
2350:. London: Greenhill Books.
2281:Dix, Charles Cabry (1905).
2092:Lacroix & Wells, p. 657
1897:Corbett, I, pp. 142, 149–50
1511:On 9 and 10 December 1941,
467:. After her refit in 1937,
373:: 127 mm (5.0 in)
355:: 152 mm (6.0 in)
349:: 160 mm (6.3 in)
262:(39 km/h; 24 mph)
10:
2795:
2594:The Imperial Japanese Navy
2044:Watts & Gordon, p. 109
1446:8 cm/40 3rd Year Type
1428:Converted into a minelayer
1203:
979:
861:and the protected cruiser
813:. She participated in the
511:Background and description
343:: 51 mm (2.0 in)
2774:Ships sunk by US aircraft
2769:Cruisers sunk by aircraft
2708:
2685:
2663:
2390:Halpern, Paul S. (1994).
1999:Corbett, II, pp. 232, 235
817:on 9 February 1904, when
661:QF 12-pounder 12-cwt guns
503:in 1947 and subsequently
389:
306:QF 12-pounder 12-cwt guns
157:
38:
23:
2539:Naval War College Review
2327:Forczyk, Robert (2009).
2260:Corbett, Julian Stafford
2035:Campbell, Part 4, p. 263
1689:
1252:and the armored cruiser
996:Battle of the Yellow Sea
928:before arriving back at
924:where they laid several
637:Elswick Ordnance Company
584:, each driving a single
395:was the second and last
2026:Corbett, II, pp. 319–20
1610:Type 3, Mark 1, Model 3
1449:anti-aircraft (AA) guns
1152:on 20 August where the
956:on the 24th caused the
902:was damaged by a mine.
727:Construction and career
517:First Sino-Japanese War
2346:Fukui, Shizuo (1991).
2331:. Botley, UK: Osprey.
1972:Brook 2000, pp. 43, 45
1951:Brook 2000, pp. 39, 43
1942:Brook 2000, pp. 34, 37
1843:Hackett & Kingsepp
1743:Milanovich, pp. 74, 80
1620:
1559:Ōminato Guard District
1459:on 1 August 1927 when
1432:On 30 September 1922,
1424:on 30 September 1921.
1219:
991:
887:. During this action,
832:anchored just outside
790:
766:. The following year,
549:between perpendiculars
411:Imperial Japanese Navy
2469:Mauch, Peter (2011).
2160:Brook, Peter (1999).
2071:Burdick, pp. 235, 241
1797:Milanovich, pp. 80–81
1674:was removed from the
1627:in northern Japan at
1618:
1501:25-millimeter Type 96
1214:Japanese postcard of
1213:
1154:Russian cruiser
989:
815:Battle of Port Arthur
785:
743:at their shipyard in
522:Imperial Russian Navy
451:was converted into a
427:Battle of Port Arthur
2734:Asama-class cruisers
2549:on 13 December 2006.
1623:While at Ōminato in
1577:on 20 January 1944.
1473:was assigned to the
1438:Sasebo Naval Arsenal
1336:before returning to
1232:Zinovy Rozhestvensky
1218:at speed, circa 1905
803:Shigetarō Yoshimatsu
645:6-inch (152 mm)
627:fore and aft of the
594:indicated horsepower
2377:. Combinedfleet.com
2304:Evans, David &
1680:end of World War II
1642: /
1188:, sailed to escort
958:Naval General Staff
805:assumed command of
737:Armstrong Whitworth
590:cylindrical boilers
580:had two 4-cylinder
229:Cylindrical boilers
82:Armstrong Whitworth
16:Asama-class cruiser
2496:. London: Conway.
1981:Corbett, I, p. 457
1915:Forczyk, pp. 45–46
1888:Corbett, I, p. 105
1879:Forczyk, pp. 42–43
1779:Brook 1999, p. 109
1684:Hakodate, Hokkaidō
1621:
1602:B-29 Superfortress
1531:) and returned to
1422:coast-defense ship
1334:Battle of Tsingtao
1322:Chinese Revolution
1310:water-tube boilers
1295:amphibious landing
1220:
1206:Battle of Tsushima
1200:Battle of Tsushima
1172:Kure Naval Arsenal
1162:In mid-September,
992:
937:several transports
795:Kichisaburō Nomura
791:
778:Russo-Japanese War
633:secondary armament
572:metacentric height
481:Rabaul and Kavieng
435:Battle of Tsushima
423:Russo-Japanese War
2721:
2720:
2503:978-1-84486-236-8
2484:978-0-674-05599-5
2442:978-0-81084-927-3
2338:978-1-84603-330-8
2143:Warship 2000–2001
1963:Brook 2000, p. 43
1815:Milanovich, p. 73
1788:Milanovich, p. 78
1770:Milanovich, p. 81
1734:Milanovich, p. 72
1585:in June 1944 and
1414:Mediterranean Sea
1404:, for Singapore,
1368:South Sea Islands
1264:Nikolai Nebogatov
1196:off Vladivostok.
1192:as they laid 715
941:Okinoshima Island
881:, the battleship
843:protected cruiser
731:The contract for
641:quick-firing (QF)
570:. The ship had a
379:
378:
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2647:
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2323:
2306:Peattie, Mark R.
2300:
2277:
2255:
2243:
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2213:
2194:
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2156:
2129:
2126:
2120:
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2110:Chesneau, p. 207
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2018:
2015:
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1861:Mauch, pp. 25–27
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1646:41.20°N 141.60°E
1643:
1640:
1639:
1638:
1635:
1344:was deployed to
1307:
1107:
982:Battle off Ulsan
976:Battle off Ulsan
853:In early March,
830:Pacific Squadron
799:Foreign Minister
789:anchored in 1904
764:Nakayama Nagaaki
635:consisted of 14
526:commerce raiding
431:Battle off Ulsan
409:) built for the
394:
392:
391:
224:(13,000 kW)
135:30 November 1945
55:
50:
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28:
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2681:
2659:
2657:-class cruisers
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2016:
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1533:Kwajalein Atoll
1509:
1444:, although two
1430:
1330:
1305:
1222:As the Russian
1208:
1202:
1140:were forced to
1105:
984:
978:
970:Tsushima Island
912:and defend the
822:Tōgō Heihachirō
780:
772:Boxer Rebellion
729:
621:eight-inch guns
586:propeller shaft
513:
477:Gilbert Islands
415:Boxer Rebellion
403:armored cruiser
386:
298:14 × single QF
215:Installed power
173:armored cruiser
53:Empire of Japan
51:
46:
44:
34:
17:
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11:
5:
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2612:External links
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2512:Rohwer, Jürgen
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2119:Rohwer, p. 123
2112:
2103:
2094:
2082:
2080:Halpern, p. 75
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2046:
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2028:
2019:
2010:
2001:
1992:
1983:
1974:
1965:
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1872:
1870:Kowner, p. 465
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1688:
1595:Hesaki, Kyūshū
1567: (SS-182)
1508:
1505:
1488:Kiyohide Shima
1429:
1426:
1406:Southeast Asia
1329:
1326:
1204:Main article:
1201:
1198:
980:Main article:
977:
974:
950:Tsugaru Strait
875:Stepan Makarov
826:Combined Fleet
793:Sublieutenant
779:
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728:
725:
695:waterline belt
629:superstructure
610:nautical miles
512:
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407:Sōkō jun'yōkan
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2429:Kowner, Rotem
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2420:0-87021-893-X
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2401:1-55750-352-4
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983:
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439:training ship
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365:Conning tower
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321:torpedo tubes
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315:Yamauchi guns
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127:9 August 1945
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2547:the original
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2494:Warship 2014
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2391:
2379:. Retrieved
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2199:
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2161:
2142:
2135:Bibliography
2128:Fukui, p. 13
2124:
2115:
2106:
2097:
2076:
2067:
2062:Mauch, p. 38
2058:
2049:
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1678:. After the
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1546:returned to
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914:Korea Strait
910:Sea of Japan
905:
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883:
869:
863:
858:
854:
852:
846:
819:Vice Admiral
806:
792:
786:
767:
760:Dewa Shigetō
755:on 16 July.
732:
730:
717:
708:
691:Harvey armor
686:
684:
656:
639:"Pattern Z"
614:
577:
576:
560:
551:. She had a
542:
529:
514:
496:
484:
468:
448:
447:
443:naval cadets
417:of 1900 and
406:
397:
382:
381:
380:
304:12 × single
270:10,000
220:18,000
179:Displacement
167:
116:Commissioned
63:
30:
18:
1852:Dix, p. 307
1649: /
1569:on 3 June.
1507:Pacific War
1442:12-pounders
1328:World War I
966:Kii Channel
922:Vladivostok
918:Karl Jessen
834:Port Arthur
665:2.5-pounder
653:gun shields
625:gun turrets
507:for scrap.
419:World War I
312:2.5-pounder
300:6-inch guns
119:19 May 1899
111:18 May 1899
103:6 July 1898
73:6 July 1897
2744:1898 ships
2728:Categories
2603:0385012683
1666:, and was
1552:Makin Raid
1539:Enterprise
1493:Okinoshima
1410:Suez Canal
1394:South Asia
1360:California
1228:Baltic Sea
1190:minelayers
946:Yellow Sea
926:minefields
838:destroyers
774:in China.
606:sea trials
538:battleline
489:minefields
433:, and the
347:Gun Turret
279:Complement
237:Propulsion
1714:Footnotes
1676:navy list
1625:Mutsu Bay
1587:Yakushima
1575:7th Fleet
1563:USS
1537:USS
1498:Hotchkiss
1475:1st Fleet
1457:Saiki Bay
1398:Australia
1346:Singapore
1130:Takachiho
1094:Takachiho
1070:although
954:Tokyo Bay
939:south of
894:magazines
811:2nd Fleet
741:laid down
713:bulkheads
680:broadside
649:casemates
568:deep load
564:displaced
505:broken up
473:4th Fleet
453:minelayer
292:2 × twin
108:Completed
92:Laid down
2514:(2005).
2431:(2006).
2381:18 April
2308:(1997).
2262:(1994).
1637:141°36′E
1412:and the
1376:Honolulu
1366:and the
1299:Chongjin
1279:Sakhalin
1273:Captain
1241:Oslyabya
1150:Shanghai
1142:heave-to
1134:Gromoboi
1007:Gromoboi
879:flagship
824:led the
797:, later
753:Yokosuka
749:launched
705:barbette
623:in twin-
501:salvaged
371:Bulkhead
359:Casemate
353:Barbette
287:Armament
242:2 Shafts
149:Scrapped
132:Stricken
100:Launched
2297:5716842
2200:Warship
1668:beached
1634:41°12′N
1583:Okinawa
1529:Kavieng
1380:US Navy
892:of her
864:Chitose
847:Boyarin
757:Captain
745:Elswick
545:overall
534:sisters
457:reserve
78:Builder
70:Awarded
39:History
33:in 1905
2676:Tokiwa
2600:
2581:
2562:
2522:
2500:
2481:
2458:
2439:
2417:
2398:
2369:Tokiwa
2354:
2335:
2316:
2295:
2270:
2248:
2225:
2206:
2187:
2168:
2149:
1672:Tokiwa
1660:Tokiwa
1591:Tokiwa
1579:Tokiwa
1571:Tokiwa
1565:Salmon
1544:Tokiwa
1525:Rabaul
1521:Tarawa
1513:Tokiwa
1484:Tokiwa
1479:Kampon
1471:Tokiwa
1465:Tokiwa
1434:Tokiwa
1418:Tokiwa
1386:Tokiwa
1364:Hawaii
1356:Yakumo
1342:Tokiwa
1338:Sasebo
1318:Tokiwa
1303:Tokiwa
1291:Tokiwa
1289:, and
1268:Tokiwa
1255:Yakumo
1236:Tokiwa
1216:Tokiwa
1185:Kasuga
1176:Tokiwa
1164:Tokiwa
1156:Askold
1146:Tokiwa
1138:Rossia
1126:Naniwa
1110:Tokiwa
1088:Naniwa
1072:Rossia
1036:Tokiwa
1034:, and
1010:, and
1001:Rossia
962:Kyūshū
930:Wonsan
906:Tokiwa
899:Pobeda
889:Tokiwa
859:Tokiwa
855:Tokiwa
807:Tokiwa
787:Tokiwa
768:Tokiwa
733:Tokiwa
707:. The
700:strake
693:. The
657:Tokiwa
631:. The
578:Tokiwa
561:Tokiwa
530:Tokiwa
497:Tokiwa
485:Tokiwa
469:Tokiwa
449:Tokiwa
429:, the
400:-class
383:Tokiwa
187:Length
170:-class
151:, 1947
64:Tokiwa
31:Tokiwa
2700:class
2698:Izumo
2669:Asama
2655:Asama
2367:"IJN
2101:Saxon
1690:Notes
1599:USAAF
1517:Makin
1461:fuzed
1453:stern
1402:Azuma
1390:Azuma
1351:Emden
1314:Iwate
1306:'
1287:Izumo
1283:Iwate
1250:Azuma
1194:mines
1180:Izumo
1168:Iwate
1122:Rurik
1117:Izumo
1106:'
1103:Azuma
1099:Rurik
1080:Rurik
1076:Rurik
1068:Rurik
1064:Rurik
1056:Rurik
1052:Azuma
1048:Rurik
1044:Rurik
1031:Azuma
1025:Izumo
1019:Iwate
1013:Rurik
709:Asama
687:Asama
602:knots
557:draft
493:beach
487:laid
461:mines
398:Asama
329:Armor
267:Range
260:knots
255:Speed
207:Draft
168:Asama
2691:None
2598:ISBN
2579:ISBN
2560:ISBN
2543:LIII
2520:ISBN
2498:ISBN
2479:ISBN
2456:ISBN
2437:ISBN
2415:ISBN
2396:ISBN
2383:2015
2352:ISBN
2333:ISBN
2314:ISBN
2293:OCLC
2268:ISBN
2246:ISBN
2223:ISBN
2204:ISBN
2185:ISBN
2166:ISBN
2147:ISBN
1548:Truk
1527:and
1519:and
1396:and
1316:and
1182:and
1166:and
1136:and
1128:and
1091:and
615:The
553:beam
499:was
479:and
441:for
341:Deck
199:Beam
140:Fate
60:Name
2289:307
877:'s
282:676
272:nmi
258:21
227:12
222:ihp
192:o/a
2730::
2541:.
2537:.
2373:.
2291:.
2085:^
1956:^
1820:^
1748:^
1658:,
1554:.
1408:,
1362:,
1324:.
1285:,
1028:,
1022:,
1004:,
682:.
655:.
643:,
598:kW
540:.
445:.
390:常盤
245:2
84:,
2646:e
2639:t
2632:v
2606:.
2587:.
2568:.
2528:.
2506:.
2487:.
2464:.
2445:.
2423:.
2404:.
2385:.
2360:.
2341:.
2322:.
2299:.
2276:.
2254:.
2231:.
2212:.
2193:.
2174:.
2155:.
405:(
393:)
387:(
194:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
