1144:. Frazer also found a lagoon of fresh water and the party moved camp to beside it. On the following morning three armed Aboriginal warriors demonstrated their anger at the "invasion" (Stirling's word) of their territory with violent gestures, but eventually retired. During the day, the boats reached the Heirisson Islands and in the channel above them progress was much easier, but still slow, due to the winding of the river. On 11 March the boats passed through a long narrow stretch and encountered more Aboriginal people who threatened the boats with their spears from higher ground. When the boats reached more level terrain, gestures of goodwill defused the situation and the Aboriginals moved on.
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1626:, place himself at the disposal of Sir Edmund and arrange for the protection of British subjects. Stirling's charm and diplomatic skill, combined with the presence of three British warships in the harbour, calmed the situation and, despite the King's reluctance to adopt the new constitution, Sullivan and Stirling persuaded him that acceptance was the wisest course. In gratitude for their help in quelling the rebellion and negotiating with his ministers, the King bestowed on Sullivan and Stirling Greece's high honour, Knight Commander of the Order of the Redeemer. Following this, Stirling returned to England, where
1209:, which included a report by Clause on the healthiness of the climate. Later events showed that all three reports were over enthusiastic, the party having explored only the strip of soil in the vicinity of the Swan. Frazer was heavily criticised for this later. However, in their defence, both Clause and Frazer were subject to Stirling's intense enthusiasm for the project and may have been unduly influenced by it. Stirling wrote a second report on the Swan River on 31 August. This was addressed to the Admiralty and was shorter, placing more emphasis on naval concerns and the strategic value of the area.
949:, however the Dutch appeared to have no interest in its development. For the British, a port on the west or north coast might be a useful stage for trade with their settlements in the Cape of Good Hope, India and Singapore. However, the French were known to have an intense interest and French ships were exploring the Australian coasts. The British needed to assess further the potential of the region and find out the extent of the French interest without creating a diplomatic incident. For this task, Stirling, with his record of exploration, diplomacy and covert missions, was a natural choice.
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818:, who had been an admiral in the Argentine Navy and was in command of the revolutionary fleet fighting the Spaniards. Her capture compromised the cautious line taken by the British between the Spanish and the revolutionaries. The Governor of Barbados ordered her release, but, when she had left Barbados, Stirling recaptured her and took her to Antigua as a prize. After long drawn-out proceedings, the High Court of the Admiralty ruled in Brown's favour, but he lost the frigate and her cargo. Stirling continued to receive demands for payment of damages for many years.
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1165:, after his young wife. The Swan was not navigable any further and Stirling and Garling set off on foot for the hills to the east, arriving at about sunset. On their return to camp they lost their way in the dark, but Frazer sent out search parties to guide them back. On 14 March the party split into three groups. Frazer went east and Belches and Heathcote north. Stirling and Clause went west and discovered a freshwater lagoon, some Aboriginal huts and a fertile region which so pleased Stirling that he named it
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1011:. Before leaving England, Stirling had studied the available charts of the west coast of Australia and had concluded that the Swan was a possible site for a harbour and settlement and had hoped to be the first European to explore and chart it. However, d'Urville indicated that the French did not consider that the Swan would be a suitable site for a harbour, because of the difficulty of access and lack of fresh water. This gave Stirling a free hand.
307:, he carried supplies and coinage to Australia, but with a covert mission to assess other nations' interest in the region and explore opportunities for British settlements. He is chiefly remembered for his exploration of the Swan River, followed by his eventual success in lobbying the British Government to establish a settlement there. On 30 December 1828, he was made Lieutenant-Governor of the colony-to-be. He formally founded the city of
845:. In it he blamed Spanish neglect for the devastation and decay he found in the interior. He described the insurgent "Patriots" as determined and disciplined, but the Loyalists were indisciplined and lazy. Following this, Stirling was given a number of covert missions in connection with Venezuela. The exact orders he received are not known, as the period from January to June 1817 has been removed from
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1573:. Portugal had been in turmoil for several years and the British Admiralty had received intelligence that Lisbon was threatened by a 5,000 strong revolutionary army and the Portuguese Government was preparing for conflict. Stirling was directed not to take part in any action, but to safeguard British subjects and the Portuguese royal family. In the event, the conflict was resolved peacefully.
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250:. Throughout his career Stirling showed considerable diplomatic skill and was selected for a number of sensitive missions. Paradoxically, this was not reflected in his personal dealings with officialdom and his hopes for preferment received many rebuffs. Stirling also personally led the attack in Western Australia on a group of approximately seventy
1600:. This was a major diplomatic event and Stirling entertained the British Ambassador and British Consul on board and was received by King Ferdinand. The harbour was filled with vessels of the Neapolitan, Brazilian and British navies as well as an American warship and Stirling sent a detailed report on the foreign warships to the Admiralty.
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uncle's permission to propose marriage to his daughter. The permission was granted on the condition that
Stirling should not make the proposal until Ellen completed her schooling. The couple were married at Stoke Church, Guildford on 3 September 1823, on Ellen's 16th birthday, and went on a nine-month honeymoon and
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Increasingly there are efforts to remove
Stirling's name from Western Australian landmarks. In 2019, a petition to rename Stirling Highway received little support. In 2021, "residents at a Stirling council electors meeting voted in favour of changing their local government's name", although the city
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15–20, and an unidentified eyewitness 25–30 including 1 woman and several children with probably more floating down with the stream. One of
Stirling's party was injured and one was injured and died about two weeks later, although it is uncertain if from existing injuries, injuries suffered during the
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was struck by a large wave and the Queen slipped and nearly fell overboard, but was saved by
Stirling, who in so doing lost his ceremonial sword overboard. The grateful Queen later presented him with a magnificent replacement, a fine gold plated dress sword and scabbard which had been specially made
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Captain
Mangles invited Stirling to visit Woodbridge, where he met for the first time the, then, 13-year-old Ellen Mangles, his future wife. The two families got on well together and the parents were delighted two years later when, according to the etiquette of that era, Stirling formally asked the
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and took part in carrying to
England the British troops that had captured the fort. On return to the West Indies, Stirling made two surveys of the Venezuelan coast and reported on the strengths, attitudes and dispositions of the Spanish government and various revolutionary factions, later playing a
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Slave Trade. Three
Volumes. (Vol.2.) Papers Relating to Slaves in the Colonies; Slaves Manumitted; Slaves Imported, Exported; Manumissions, Marriages; Slave Trade at the Mauritius; Apprenticed Africans; Captured negroes at Tortola, St. Christopher's, and Demerara; etc. Session: 21 November 1826 – 2
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reached
Gibraltar in August 1841 and made herself felt along the Algerian coast on her way to the Mediterranean station at Malta. For a few months she was deployed around Sicily and the boot of Italy, but in November Stirling received new instructions to show a presence and monitor the situation at
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During the next eighteen months
Stirling put forward several ideas to the Admiralty, including a means of assessing compass declinations at sea and a proposal for improving stowage in warships. He was keen to keep his name in front of those in the Admiralty who could post him to active service. He
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on 11 May 1854. Shortly afterwards news arrived that war had been declared on Russia. Stirling was anxious to prevent
Russian ships from sheltering in Japanese ports and menacing allied shipping and, after lengthy negotiations through the Nagasaki Magistrate, concluded a Treaty of Friendship with
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was in need of repair and he returned with her to England, where the ship was taken out of commission and Stirling received the dread news that he was to be placed on half pay. However, Admiral Harvey had sent the Lords of the Admiralty a letter strongly commending "the zeal and alacrity of this
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received a stay of execution, as they were needed again in the West Indies. Spain was losing its grip on the north of South America and rival factions were struggling for power. So close to the West Indies, Britain had an interest in the establishment of secure government on the mainland, but
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This followed correspondence from Sir John Barrow, Secretary of the Admiralty, to Robert Hay, Sir George Murray's Under-Secretary "The French having turned their eyes to that quarter makes it absolutely incumbent on us to take possession of Swan River, Geographe Bay & King George's Sound",
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Stirling remained entirely unsympathetic to the needs of Aboriginal people in Western Australia, and never recognised their prior ownership of the land despite the fact that the Buxton Committee of the British House of Commons informed him that this was a mistake for which the new colony would
1501:. The cottage featured a shingled roof and pit-sawn jarrah walls with hexagonal-shaped paving blocks fitted together to form firm flooring. A replica cottage known as Stirling's Cottage has been built on the site and includes one of the original paving blocks in its history room.
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The settlements at Fort Dundas and Fort Wellington rapidly got into difficulties with outbreaks of scurvy and fever, supply shortages and communication failures. The Melville Island outpost was abandoned in November 1828 and the Raffles Bay settlement was broken up in July 1829.
1246:. The report being favourable, Stirling looked no further and on 18 June he went ashore with his officers to take possession of Raffles Bay and the surrounding territory in His Majesty's name. The establishment force and supplies were landed and Stirling named the settlement
1115:. There the boats grounded and, as the party was unable to find a channel, the boats were unloaded and dragged across the shallows until nightfall. While this was being done, Stirling, Frazer and Garling climbed the commanding hill on the west bank, which Stirling named
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which was given to Stirling for transmission to the West Indies Stations and thence to England. However this draft was subsequently rejected by BolĂvar. Another source reports that a secret agreement, between the British and the Republicans, was signed later on board
1943:"eventually passed a motion that made no mention of any name change", with one councillor saying "while nobody condoned historical atrocities, a name change would cost 'millions of dollars', would set a dangerous precedent and should be 'nipped in the bud
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returned to Lisbon and took part in various exercises and manoeuvres before leaving again to collect her for the return voyage. She arrived at Osborne House on 27 April and Stirling learned a year later that she had honoured him by appointing him as her naval
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arrived at Barbados in June 1816 and on 20 July Stirling and the Barbados Harbourmaster were sent to survey the coast of Venezuela and gain intelligence regarding the attitudes of the population and the disposition of the various revolutionary factions.
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On 31 December Murray wrote to Stirling confirming his title as Lieutenant-Governor of the new colony and on the same day his Under-Secretary, Robert Hay, confirmed the appointment of the members of the civil establishment including Colonial Secretary
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arrived off the west coast of Australia on 5 March 1827 and anchored near the north east corner of Rottnest Island. The following day, the ship moved cautiously towards the coast and anchored about a mile from the mouth of the Swan. Lieutenant
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On returning to London in 1828, Stirling lobbied the Foreign Office and the Admiralty for support for a settlement in the vicinity of the Swan River, describing it as ideal for a permanent establishment. He emphasised the defensive prospects of
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Stirling's original mission included a task to carry supplies to Melville Island. However, Darling had received further instructions to investigate the formation of a new settlement on the coast to the east of Melville Island. Accordingly,
779:, signed by France, Great Britain, Austria, Prussia and Russia on 20 Nov 1815, ended the Napoleonic Wars and a large fleet was no longer needed. The Admiralty set about decommissioning ships and retiring officers. However, Stirling and
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Harbour, Ceylon (now Sri Lanka), where he arrived on 4 January 1828. There he succumbed rapidly to the tropical climate and on 21 February three Royal Navy surgeons certified that he was so ill he should return immediately to England.
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Stirling administered the Swan River settlement from June 1829 until 11 August 1832, when he left on an extended visit to England where he was knighted, and again from August 1834 until December 1838. However, he was commissioned as
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and oversaw the development of the surrounding area and on 4 March 1831 he was confirmed as Governor and Commander-in-Chief of the new territory, Western Australia, in which post he remained until in 1838 he resumed his naval career.
1022:, advised Stirling to delay his visit to Melville until later in the year. Stirling then made a report to Darling, setting out detailed arguments for a mission to the Swan River. Darling gave his approval and, on 17 January 1827,
1689:, King of Portugal, and two princes. The next day, all the captains in the squadron donned full dress and white trousers and were formally presented to the Dowager Queen, after which Napier and Stirling escorted her to the royal
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partly in retaliation for several murders and thefts. This bloody attack involving rifles and bayonets against spears is known as the Pinjarra Massacre – and sometimes the Battle of Pinjarra. An uncertain number of
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On 10 January 1697, the Dutch sea captain Willem De Vlamingh renamed it to the Swan River (Zwaanenrivier in Dutch) after the large number of black swans they observed there. One hundred and thirty years later, the British ship
898:, and Stirling made use of his enforced leave to visit his parents and other members of his scattered family. He also made several visits to the Continent of Europe. On one such visit to France he met and befriended Captain
1481:. This land, along with neighbouring properties was re-acquired by the Western Australian Government, who later subdivided the land into farmlets for returning soldiers. The remaining land was later used to establish the
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In the second half of 1817 Stirling returned once again to patrolling the Caribbean with orders to seize any vessels suspected of piracy, orders which he carried out with alacrity because of the prize money. By June 1818
609:. At this time he was preparing for his examinations to become a lieutenant, and Blackwood arranged for him to have short stints as Acting Lieutenant on other vessels in the Channel Fleet. He started his examinations at
971:, a hero of the Napoleonic Wars. Ellen and one year old Andrew remained at home at Woodbridge. One of Stirling's officers was 3rd Lieutenant William Preston, who would marry Ellen's sister Hamilla seven years later.
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1721:, Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean Fleet, who had succeeded Sir Edward Owen. During the next few years, the presence of the British and French fleets encouraged an uneasy peace in the eastern Mediterranean. In 1849
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and the ship's Master, Millroy, were left to take soundings and look for channels and possible landing places. Meanwhile, Stirling, Frazer and Lieutenant Preston made a preliminary reconnaissance up the river in the
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Stirling's report to Darling and Frazer's report on the quality of the land were enclosed with Darlings report of 21 April 1827 to the Colonial Office in the United Kingdom. Stirling's report consisted of a diary
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there's no ambiguity in it anymore, Stirling set out to punish the Noongar tribe down there for blocking expansion of the colony. He told everyone what he was going to do, went down there, did it and reported on
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to General Auchmuty's forces and the capture of twenty-five warships and more than 10,000 tons of merchant shipping. In August 1807 the Stirlings crossed the South Atlantic for a stay of five months at the
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suffer. Stirling mentioned in dispatches that the Aborigines "must gradually disappear" and the "most anxious and judicious measures of the local government prevent the ulterior extinction of the race".
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The return journey was much quicker, being downstream and through previously charted areas. On arrival at Melville Water, Belches was sent to explore the Canning River. The rest of the party returned to
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Ryan, Lyndall; Pascoe, William; Debenham, Jennifer; Gilbert, Stephanie; Richards, Jonathan; Smith, Robyn; Owen, Chris; Anders, Robert J; Brown, Mark; Price, Daniel; Newley, Jack; Usher, Kaine (2017).
760:, near New Orleans, and to assist in their return to England. His reconnaissance of Mobile Bay and the coast of Florida three years earlier now stood him in good stead. The troops, who had captured
1378:, a surgeon, a storekeeper, a cooper, a blacksmith and a boatbuilder. After hectic preparations, on 6 February 1829 these pioneers, with their assistants, families, servants and livestock, departed
1123:, the New South Wales Governor's wife. While there, Garling painted a watercolour landscape view showing the entrance to the river on the opposite side of Melville Water. Stirling later named this
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In October 1834 Stirling personally led a group of twenty-five police, soldiers and settlers in a punitive expedition against approximately seventy Bindjareb men, women and children camped on the
2717:"Letter by Captain Stirling and Major Moody to Under Secretary Hay. 21st August, 1828, in Official Papers relating to the Settlement at Swan River, West Australia, December 1826 – January 1830".
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had returned from the grand tour short of funds, his father had died in 1823, the family businesses were not prospering and he himself had to make payments to the court in connection with the
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The next day, dragging across the shallows started at daybreak and continued until nightfall. Frazer, exploring on land, found a freshwater brook and Stirling named the nearby point of land
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and returned eastward by an inland route, in order to study the conditions in the interior of the country. In February 1817 he submitted a detailed report to the Commander-in-Chief, Admiral
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At mid-day on 8 March the exploration party - Stirling, Frazer, Garling, Clause, Lieutenant Belches, Midshipman Heathcote, the ship's clerk Augustus Gilbert, 7 seamen and 4 marines - left
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was on a voyage of exploration, which gave Stirling an opportunity to assess French interest in the region. Stirling and d'Urville dined together several times and Stirling discovered that
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in November 1862 and died in comfortable retirement at his home in Woodbridge Park, near Guildford in Surrey, on 22 April 1865 aged 74. There is a memorial tablet within St Marks Church,
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anchored in Palm Bay, on the western side of Croker Island. Stirling quickly established that the island was unsuitable for settlement and sent a boat across to the mainland to explore
1268:, Commander of the Eastern Station. Stirling was keen to return home to see his family and to further his case for a settlement at the Swan River. However, Gage instructed him to base
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case. The competition for preferment from other officers on half pay was intense, so he was fortunate that on 23 January 1826 he was recommissioned and given command of the newly built
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was interleaved with periods of training on board British warships, and on 14 January 1804, at the age of 12, he entered the navy as a First-Class Volunteer, embarking on the storeship
1835:. Ellen survived him by nine years. Stirling and his wife were buried in the extension to the graveyard of St John's Church on Stoke Road, near Guildford where they had been married.
1584:, where there had been an insurrection and British subjects and property in the region were thought to be at risk. This threat also failed to materialise and after three months at
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Although at the end of 1817 he was not to know it, Stirling was to be without a command for eight years. Between 1818 and 1822 his father, Andrew, was a tenant at Henley Park in
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343:, he patrolled the Mediterranean with instructions to "show the flag" and keep an eye on the French. In 1847, he was given command of the 120-gun first rate ship of the line
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massacre, poor medical treatment after the massacre, or a combination thereof. An uncertain number of Bindjareb were injured, and an uncertain number died of their injuries.
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for her. She also presented him with a silver snuff box with an inscription thanking him for his presence of mind on the occasion. After delivering the Queen in Madeira,
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only from 6 February 1832, rectifying the absence of a legal instrument providing the authority detailed in Stirling's Instructions of 30 December 1828. Stirling had said
1305:
wrote to Under-Secretary Robert Hay to offer to form an association of private capitalists to using their own money settle Australia in fulfilment of the "principles" of
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the Japanese. The treaty was endorsed by the British Government, but Stirling was criticised in the popular press for not finding and engaging with the Russian fleet.
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A brief spell at Gibraltar was followed by a visit to Cadiz to prevent a planned blockade of the harbour by rebel troops. Then, in September 1843, Vice-Admiral Sir
1185:, in order to carry out Governor Darling's instructions to explore and report on the region. Geographe Bay was named in May 1801 by French explorer Nicolas Baudin.
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was ordered to return to England for a maintenance survey. After docking in Sheerness for four months, the ship escorted a convoy carrying settlers and stores to
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After making his report Stirling went back to patrolling the Caribbean with orders to prevent piracy and the contraband trade. Late in September he seized the
737:
in search of French or American ships until, at the end of the year, Stirling received orders to return to the West Indies, to the Windward Islands Station at
650:, the flagship of his uncle, now vice-admiral and commander-in-chief of the Jamaica Station. On 3 March 1812, he was appointed acting commander of the sloop
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Stirling's fifth and final command was as Commander in Chief, China and the East Indies Station, and his flag, as Rear Admiral of the White, was hoisted on
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1888:(which links Perth and Fremantle) was named so in his honour. There are also many buildings and businesses named after him throughout Perth and Fremantle.
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The City is named after Western Australia's first governor Sir James Stirling, who instigated one of the state's bloodiest massacres almost 200 years ago.
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1257:
2285:, Pamela Statham Drew, p22. She finished her days as Episcopal Floating Church in the Pool of London, source: Portcities UK. Broken up July 1848.
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sustained a damaged foremast spar and sails "much torn". After the battle, the Squadron returned to England with two captured Spanish ships as prizes.
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902:, RN, who was also on half pay. Mangles was returning from a tour of North Africa and Asia Minor and was among the first Europeans to have visited
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between the United States of America and Britain, the role assigned to the ships of the Jamaica Station was to attack the US coast and ports on the
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is now situated, "as it is near the narrows of the Swan River, which would make defending the colony from gunships easy, with just a few cannons."
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1018:, bringing reassuring news that scurvy was under control and the settlement was progressing more satisfactorily. The Governor, Major General
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and unload provisions for the settlement there, after which the ship returned to New South Wales, anchoring off Sydney Heads on 16 April.
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1084:. Other features were named after Stirling's brother Walter and Lieutenant Preston. During the next day more soundings were taken, and
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after surviving a severe gale in the Gulf of Florida. Smith was impressed with Stirling's seamanship and became a long-standing friend.
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752:, who was in Jamaica following a defeat on the South American mainland. Soon after that he was given a mission to carry the news of the
1529:
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At the end of 1816 Stirling was commissioned to make a further detailed inspection of the conditions in Venezuela. From GĂĽiria in the
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and three months later, at age 21, he was promoted to the rank of commander. Soon after that he was given command of the 28-gun sloop
3941:
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1470:. Settlers accounts claim between 10 and 80 Aboriginal people died, compared to Aboriginal oral history which claim 150 people died.
1947:." However, shortly afterwards, Western Australian senators called for a broader review of Western Australian "place names, such as
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906:. His uncle had an estate at Woodbridge Park, about ten miles from the Stirlings at Henley Park and had extensive interests in the
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and called it the "Harvey River Settlement". However, the only improvement made was a convict built cottage on the banks of the
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was short of food and scurvy was rife. A supply mission to these would be excellent cover for intelligence gathering activities.
424:. The Stirling family were also well-known and celebrated in the naval annals of the 18th century. His maternal grandfather was
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intelligent and excellent officer", which may have influenced their decision to promote him to Post Captain on 7 December 1818.
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Parliament initially rejected the proposal of Stirling and Moody, but rumours of a new French interest in the region provoked
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arrived at the Cape of Good Hope on 2 September, discharged its passenger, took on provisions and set sail again, arriving at
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and the Spanish-held Florida coastline and capture an American ship, which he took back to Jamaica as a prize on 20 November.
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and spent the next four days surveying the surrounding islands and finding a safe channel into Cockburn Sound. On 21 March
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naval officer and colonial administrator. His enthusiasm and persistence persuaded the British Government to establish the
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to the "Magnificent Sound between that Island and the Main possessing great attractions for a Sailor in search of a Port".
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858:, in which the British would assist BolĂvar in exchange for preferential trading rights when the Republic came into being.
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had rejected a proposed new constitutional government for Greece and was facing an armed rebellion. Stirling was to join
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shuttled between the two, carrying communications between the two admirals. On one such trip Stirling was introduced to
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with 22 guns carrying a valuable cargo plundered from Spanish American cities and ships. She was under the command of
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3023:
Jaeyoon, Kim (2009). "The Heaven and Earth Society and the Red Turban Rebellion in Late Qing China". p. 26.
2875:"Transcription of Commission appointing Stirling Governor and Commander-in-Chief 4 March 1831 (UK)(5 pages)"
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I believe I am the first Governor who ever formed a settlement without Commission, Laws, Instructions and Salary.
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squadron - partly, perhaps, because of his preoccupation with the self-imposed task of negotiating with Japan
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left Sydney on 19 May 1827 carrying an establishment force for a new settlement and accompanied by the brig
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on 22 October. Sir Charles Napier immediately boarded to pay his respects, followed shortly afterwards by
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in November. A year later, on 20 November 1811, he received a significant elevation to flag lieutenant on
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at the end of December 1813, Stirling received confidential orders for an important mission, to carry the
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Collections of Garling's paintings of the Swan River are in the Art Gallery of Western Australia and the
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Following the well-conceived ambush leading to a massacre lasting at least one hour and now known as the
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2178:"Lachlan Macquarie was a slave owner and he wasn't the only one. It's time to update the history books"
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1415:, that would become the Governor's home. These pioneers were responsible for laying the foundations of
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In 1856 he was recalled because he had failed in the primary naval duty of finding and destroying the
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922:. On their return, Ellen gave birth to their first child, Andrew, at Woodbridge on 24 October 1824.
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Aboriginal people. The Pindjarep fled into the bush and were later encircled near a crossing on the
1153:, joined the Swan from the east. The party also found another fresh water stream, which they named
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He now had a few weeks with his family before receiving orders to report at Malta to Vice-Admiral
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was recalled. She reached England on 2 July and two weeks later the ship's company was paid off.
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was severely damaged by a hurricane and had to abandon the mission and enter the Spanish port of
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Stirling was the fifth of eight sons, ninth of the sixteen children, of Andrew Stirling, Esq. of
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3186:"Stirling Range named after governor involved in 1834 massacre should be renamed, say WA Greens"
1400:, and three years' of army stores, 10,000 bricks and ÂŁ1,000 to meet all expenses of government.
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and had at one time been the flagship of the Argentine Navy. When taken by Stirling, she was a
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in May 1847 and joined the Channel Fleet under the command of the newly appointed Rear-Admiral
1411:, they re-erected a wooden house that had first been assembled at Lieutenant Preston's home in
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325:
273:. Rapid promotion followed and when he was 21 he received his first command, the 28-gun sloop
3379:"City of Stirling keeps name of governor involved in WA massacre after push to change moniker"
2738:. House of Commons Parliamentary Papers, 1826-1827. p. Captured Negroes on Tortola, p.45.
1607:, Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean Fleet, received an urgent request for assistance from Sir
328:
men, women and children were killed during this encounter; Stirling reported 15 males killed,
3501:
2311:, by Pamela Statham-Drew. : University of Western Australia Press, Crawley W.A., 2003.
2202:
The Record of Old Westminsters, by G.F. Barker and A.H. Russell Stenning, Chiswick Press 1928
1996:
1777:
1659:
1616:
1533:
1341:
1161:
was holed and had to be repaired, after which the party reached a creek which Stirling named
501:
378:
3767:
1532:, considered it was necessary to show a strong British naval presence in the Mediterranean.
3916:
3911:
3855:
1869:
1694:
1412:
1031:
432:
425:
220:
2140:
1908:
should they continue to resist colonisation. Given historical records of his involvement,
1340:
and take possession of the whole territory in His Majesty's name." This task was given to
963:
sailed on 9 July 1826, carrying cases of coins and a distinguished passenger, Admiral Sir
849:
log in Admiralty files. In May, the Executive Committee of the Patriots prepared a draft
8:
3511:
2922:
1769:
1655:
1525:
1260:
on Melville Island on 25 July and set sail again four days later for Madras, and then to
744:
There were now two stations in the West Indies, at Barbados and Jamaica, and for a while
644:
630:
599:
508:. He passed his midshipman tests on 20 January 1805 and shortly afterwards was posted to
487:
447:
2164:
1857:
is also named in his honour. In England, Stoke Church's social centre and hall is named
1477:
As recognition of his service in establishing the colony Stirling was granted land near
3845:
3707:
3469:
3005:
2985:
2837:"Commission appointing Stirling Governor and Commander-in-Chief 4 March 1831 (UK)"
1932:
1665:. In September he received special orders. He was to conduct Her Majesty, the Dowager
1597:
1467:
1352:
1080:. They sailed about five miles upstream, reaching a wide section which Stirling named
1072:
931:
749:
651:
553:
494:
443:
417:
413:
301:
139:
3293:"Renaming Stirling Highway to Aboriginal alternative petition met with little support"
3239:"Captain James Stirling statue vandalised in Perth on eve of Black Lives Matter rally"
2277:
was a sixth-rated 28 gun sloop, 110-ft long, 30-ft beam, built at Portsmouth in 1808,
1450:
In October 1834 Stirling led a detachment of 25 armed troopers and settlers including
564:
3810:
3790:
3475:
3418:
3051:
3009:
2754:
2312:
1964:
1924:
1897:
1850:
1750:
1742:
1623:
1408:
1384:
1367:
1348:
1326:
1265:
1190:
968:
658:
584:
572:
568:
537:, which in July that year engaged against the combined French and Spanish fleets off
402:
371:
329:
274:
255:
239:
231:
192:
132:
3100:"Sir James Stirling's burial site located in Guildford churchyard claim campaigners"
2704:
The Colonization of Australia (1829-42): The Wakefield Experiment in Empire Building
1700:
After five days of sightseeing, the party set sail for Madeira. Leaving the Tagus,
702:
to carry out repairs. Despite this, Stirling was able to make a valuable survey of
366:
was assigned to the eastern Mediterranean, where she reinforced the squadron led by
3875:
3825:
3747:
3614:
3163:
2997:
2988:(October 1950). "The Language Problem in the Anglo-Japanese Negotiations of 1854".
2858:
1885:
1645:
1518:
1371:
1250:. A month later, believing all to be well, Stirling set sail for Melville island.
1043:
520:
516:
435:
337:
146:
3328:. Vol. 48, no. 21. Shenton Park: Post Newspapers. 22 May 2021. p. 7
2107:"Register of Heritage Places – Assessment Documentation, Pinjarra Massacre Site 1"
3880:
3830:
3702:
3639:
3587:
3045:
2865:
2844:
2773:, who had taken over as Secretary for War and the Colonies at the end of May 1828
2362:
2042:
2035:
1956:
1648:
1397:
950:
880:
830:
753:
718:
606:
542:
428:
344:
270:
212:
177:
153:
2641:
Clause later made an oil painting of the camp, possibly from a Garling sketch.
2394:
Stirling's report on the situation in Venezuela, 12 February 1817, FO72/205 f125
1592:
sailed to Naples to take part in the farewell celebrations sending the Princess
636:
under Captain R.D. Dunn and moved with Dunn when the Captain was transferred to
3865:
3835:
3727:
3594:
3474:. West Perth, Western Australia: The Constitution Centre of Western Australia.
1948:
1738:
1612:
1549:
1194:
987:
683:
610:
592:
227:
92:
87:
3517:
3167:
3074:"Lost grave of Admiral Sir James Stirling unearthed after decades-long search"
3001:
3905:
3722:
2445:
2002:
1877:
1745:. From January 1854 to February 1856 Stirling was commander in chief of the
1674:
1670:
1182:
1158:
1120:
1019:
534:
359:
355:
285:
3463:
1396:, carrying 100 men of the 63rd Regiment of Foot, under the command of Major
3840:
3800:
3717:
2882:
Founding documents: 110 key documents that are the foundation of our nation
2630:
2416:
Admiral Sir James Stirling, founder and first Governor of Western Australia
1960:
1832:
1824:
1797:
1765:
1734:
1711:
1498:
1451:
1310:
1306:
1149:
976:
2751:
Ambitions Fire: Agricultural Colonization of Pre-Convict Western Australia
3885:
3870:
1995:
1854:
1789:
1669:, Queen Victoria's aunt, on trips to Lisbon and Madeira and then back to
1455:
1363:
1273:
1243:
1217:
1132:
761:
691:
679:
394:
293:
281:
199:
182:
60:
3415:
James Stirling : Admiral and Founding Governor of Western Australia
3130:
35th Annual Australia and New Zealand Law and History Society Conference
2309:
James Stirling : Admiral and Founding Governor of Western Australia
2228:
2014:
1845:
1642:
1561:
1077:
919:
714:
703:
579:
529:
The following month, at age 14, he was to see his first naval action.
483:
439:
438:. With such a family background, it was natural for James to enter the
398:
266:
262:
112:
3044:
W.G. Beasley (1995) . "Chapter V: The Stirling Convention:1854-1855".
2799:
Normandy Historians section of the Normandy & Worplesdon Directory
3737:
3692:
3572:
1793:
1781:
1773:
1459:
1147:
On 12 March the boats reached a place where a tributary, later named
910:, had been High Sheriff for Surrey in 1808 and was a director of the
838:
811:
756:, ending the War of 1812, to the British troops under the command of
730:
699:
454:
312:
251:
2569:, Series I, Volume XII, p. 729, Stirling to Darling 14 December 1826
690:
weighed anchor on Stirling's first mission, which was to be against
470:
3417: : University of Western Australia Press, Crawley W.A., 2003.
1905:
1389:
1379:
991:
888:
764:, were recovered and some of them, under the command of Lieutenant
738:
734:
406:
3213:"Perth's Captain James Stirling statue vandalised, one in custody"
2672:
for the criticism of Frazer's report see the Knowledge article on
2283:
James Stirling, Admiral and Founding Governor of Western Australia
1939:
was painted over the plaque on the ground in front of the statue.
709:
He had no immediate opportunity to revisit the Gulf of Mexico, as
598:
On arrival in England in April, Midshipman Stirling was posted to
412:
The Glaswegian Stirling family was made enormously wealthy by the
2620:, by Frederick Garling, in the Holmes Ă Court Gallery, Hertesbury
1935:
protests. The statue had its neck and hands painted red, and the
1901:
1828:
1785:
1585:
1541:
834:
667:
421:
350:
and his first commission was to conduct Her Majesty, the Dowager
47:
1952:
1805:
1581:
1570:
1557:
1493:
In 1829 Stirling selected 12,800 acres (52 km) of land in
1301:
On 21 August 1828, Stirling and his friend the colonial expert
1261:
1027:
907:
895:
1813:
W.G. Beasley, Great Britain and the Opening of Japan 1834–1858
1054:
821:
1876:. The Royal Australian Navy's Indian Ocean Fleet is based at
1754:
1682:
1545:
903:
567:
and take over command of the squadron there from Admiral Sir
2385:, 22 January 1819, Admiralty Court report, the ship Hercules
784:
needed to be careful to avoid offending Spain, now an ally.
515:, but on 27 June, at the request of his uncle, Rear-Admiral
1447:
in 1830, Stirling automatically became an official member.
1796:
army. The fleet carried weapons and ammunition, food and
3430:"Disappointment as Stirling Council fails to change name"
2071:
2001:
1504:
1351:
and, a week later, a further order was issued to prepare
1034:, where several cases of coins were delivered. On board
664:, built in 1808, in which he was to serve for six years.
2920:
Susan Hewitt (26 May 2004). "Aboriginals and Settlers".
686:
and to destroy their ships and stores. On 11 July 1812
246:, Stirling on his own initiative signed Britain's first
1014:
A ship arrived from Melville Island on the same day as
945:
In 1826 the western side of Australia was still called
226:(28 January 1791 – 22 April 1865) was a
2990:
Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies
2903:
Frank Dunn (23 October 2005). "This week in history".
1900:
that Stirling led personally, Stirling threatened the
1221:
Melville and Croker Islands on Australia's north coast
1212:
1062:
The Nyoongar people call the river Derbarl Yerrigan.
741:, where Admiral Duckworth was now Commander-in-Chief.
3952:
Members of the Western Australian Legislative Council
3464:
The Constitution Centre of Western Australia (2002).
3211:
Hedley, Kate; Juanola, Marta Pascual (12 June 2020).
2996:(3). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press: 746–758.
2753:. University of Western Australia Press. p. 38.
2342:, Lt.-General Sir Harry Smith, G.C. Moore-Smith, p251
1058:
Australia's west coast by the mouth of the Swan River
3162:. Fremantle: Gcalyut Research and Training Project.
953:
was running short of currency and the settlement on
806:
on which Stirling had served in 1804, was nicknamed
297:
role in the British negotiations with these groups.
3520:
by Christopher John Pettitt for Normandy Historians
2529:
Shipping Arrivals and Departures, Sydney, 1826-1840
2265:
Admiralty Service Record, James Stirling, ADM 196/6
1870:
a seat in the lower House of the federal Parliament
1358:to carry a detachment of troops to the Swan River.
578:. James accompanied his uncle and saw the fall of
3669:
3160:Nidja Boodjar Binjarup Nyungar, Kura, Yeye, Boorda
3072:
2940:, Christopher John Bartlett, Clarendon Press, 1963
2608:Captain Stirling to Governor Darling 18 April 1827
2406:, Salvador de Madariaga, London and New York, 1952
2281:, J.J. Colledge, Greenhill Books, 1987 also
1641:Stirling received his fourth command, the 120-gun
3622:Commander-in-Chief, East Indies and China Station
3047:Great Britain and the Opening of Japan, 1834-1858
409:, and his father's second cousin, Anne Stirling.
3903:
3237:Kagi, Jacob and; Carmody, James (12 June 2020).
2843:. National Archives of Australia. Archived from
2507:John Begbie, East India Company, CO 201/176 f324
2218:Admiralty Service Oof James Stirling, ADM 107/41
1485:, which includes Stirling's restored homestead.
354:on trips to Lisbon and Madeira and then back to
1181:weighed anchor and three days later arrived at
1129:after the British Prime Minister at that time.
3502:"Archival material relating to James Stirling"
2685:
2683:
2681:
2243:. Vol. 54. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
1548:, which had been until then a province of the
1466:at Pinjarra, Stirling referred to this as the
625:On 1 April 1810 Stirling was transferred from
3655:
3210:
3157:
3050:. Japan Library paperback. pp. 113–144.
2723:. Series III. Vol. VI. pp. 551–640.
2101:
2099:
725:to Holland. After that, during most of 1814,
552:In July 1806 his uncle was given a new ship,
519:, he joined his uncle's flagship, the 98-gun
3540:Lieutenant Governor of the Swan River Colony
3043:
2919:
2793:
2791:
2789:
2645:in the Holmes Ă Court Collection, Heytesbury
1046:and the landscape artist Frederick Garling.
533:was in the fleet, commanded by Vice-Admiral
336:From 1840 to 1844, in command of the 80-gun
3987:Royal Navy personnel of the Napoleonic Wars
3471:Governors and Premiers of Western Australia
3410:. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. 1963.
3236:
3183:
3132:. Perth: Curtin Law School. pp. 1–36.
2950:
2948:
2946:
2678:
1993:
1329:at minimal cost to the British Government.
613:on 1 August 1809 and on 12 August rejoined
292:carried the news of the end of that war to
3662:
3648:
3510:
3346:
2971:
2969:
2902:
2096:
1764:In November 1854, with Hong Kong Governor
1677:. Flying the Royal Standard at the main,
851:Constitution for the Republic of Venezuela
591:returned to England via a short period in
46:
3316:
3314:
3184:Dobson, John; Logan, Tyne (9 June 2021).
3179:
3177:
3028:
2786:
2134:
2132:
1927:in Perth's central business district was
1238:sailed to Melville Island and on 15 June
1049:
465:
416:in Britain, and Stirling's father in law
374:to secure an uneasy peace in the region.
254:men, women and children now known as the
3372:
3370:
3287:
3285:
3264:"Is it time to rename Stirling Highway?"
3230:
3204:
3151:
3070:
2943:
2869:
2295:
2293:
2291:
2214:
2212:
2210:
2208:
2078:Colonial Frontier Massacres in Australia
1951:, linked to colonial figures with known
1753:he signed the first British treaty with
1564:, an essential ingredient of gunpowder.
1216:
1136:Stirling's exploration of the Swan River
1131:
1111:in the cutter and the gig and sailed to
1053:
874:
820:
798:. This action turned out to be unwise.
674:theatre of operations in the War of 1812
666:
469:
457:. Thus he began a distinguished career.
3427:
3376:
3158:Collard, Len; Palmer, Dave (May 1996).
3022:
2984:
2966:
2963:Journal of Vice-Admiral Owen, ADM50/212
2748:
2256:, J.D. Grainger, Mariner's Mirror, 1995
2138:
2067:
2065:
2052:
2050:
1733:In July 1851, Stirling was promoted to
14:
3904:
3466:"Captain Sir James Stirling 1828-1839"
3311:
3174:
3120:
2859:Scan of 1st page of parchment original
2702:Mills, Richard Charles. "III, p. 45".
2604:
2602:
2600:
2468:Royal Greenwich Observatory 14/8 f 24S
2259:
2254:The Navy in the River Plate, 1806-1808
2175:
2129:
1580:was ordered back to Malta and then to
1517:In 1840 Stirling was given command of
1505:Mediterranean and west coast of Europe
1483:Avondale Agricultural Research Station
1445:Western Australian Legislative Council
77:Woodbridge, Guildford, Surrey, England
3643:
3385:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation
3367:
3340:
3282:
3256:
3192:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation
3139:from the original on 23 December 2019
3114:
3071:Morrison, Jonathan (12 August 2017).
2938:Great Britain and Sea Power 1815-1853
2288:
2205:
2184:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation
2176:Arnott, Georgina (15 December 2021).
2117:from the original on 23 December 2019
2111:Heritage Council of Western Australia
1611:, the British Consul in Athens. King
1458:that attacked an encampment of 60-80
1026:sailed from Sydney for the Swan, via
885:National Portrait Gallery (Australia)
825:The coast of Venezuela, South America
694:and the Mississippi delta. However,
3322:"Stirling electors want name change"
3123:"Aboriginal People at the Periphery"
2141:"Australian Dictionary of Biography"
2062:
2047:
1874:Governor Stirling Senior High School
1737:and in the following year served as
1284:
388:
242:. In 1854, when Commander-in-Chief,
18:James Stirling (Australian Governor)
3997:19th-century Australian politicians
2597:
2234:"Stirling, James (1791-1865)"
2227:
2056:Dictionary of Australian Biography
1864:In Western Australia the suburb of
1213:Melville Island and North Australia
879:Ellen Stirling (Mangles), 1828, by
24:
3400:
2804:
2553:Great Britain and the Indian Ocean
2531:, J. H. Nicholson, p. 14
2145:Australian Dictionary of Biography
1528:. The British Foreign Secretary,
1388:under Captain J H Luscombe out of
25:
4013:
3452:
3347:Budihardjo, Nadia (27 May 2021).
3121:Martin, Wayne (5 December 2016).
2701:
2654:present-day Belmont and Redcliffe
2084:from the original on 8 March 2020
1994:O'Byrne, William Richard (1849).
3942:Aboriginal genocide perpetrators
3766:
2884:. National Archives of Australia
2812:"Governors of Western Australia"
2240:Dictionary of National Biography
1923:In 2020 a statue of Stirling on
1759:Anglo-Japanese Friendship Treaty
1596:on her way to marry the Emperor
1554:Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies
587:and at the end of February 1808
493:and also served for a period on
248:Anglo-Japanese Friendship Treaty
105:
86:
3092:
3064:
3037:
3016:
2978:
2957:
2954:Indus log, 1840-44, ADM 51/3616
2931:
2913:
2896:
2829:
2776:
2767:
2742:
2727:
2720:Historical Records of Australia
2710:
2695:
2666:
2657:
2648:
2643:Setting Camp at Clause's Lagoon
2635:
2623:
2611:
2585:
2572:
2566:Historical Records of Australia
2558:
2546:
2534:
2522:
2510:
2501:
2489:
2480:
2471:
2462:
2450:
2439:
2430:
2421:
2409:
2397:
2388:
2376:
2367:
2345:
2333:
2321:
2302:
2268:
2247:
2221:
2034:National Archives of Australia
2004:A Naval Biographical Dictionary
1983:Historical Records of Australia
1792:and his forces besieged by the
1427:that is now a suburb of Perth.
559:, and orders to convoy General
460:
288:and the UK, seized two prizes.
3977:Japan–United Kingdom relations
3967:Scottish murderers of children
3937:Governors of Western Australia
3671:Governors of Western Australia
3436:. Special Broadcasting Service
3428:Collard, Sarah (9 June 2021).
3377:Carmody, James (8 June 2021).
2196:
2169:
2158:
2028:
1693:, where they were received by
1687:Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg Gotha
1630:was paid off on 13 June 1844.
1407:, at what became known as the
620:
500:under the flag of Admiral Sir
13:
1:
3982:Settlers of Western Australia
3922:People from North Lanarkshire
3563:Governor of Western Australia
3102:. Get Surrey. 1 February 2016
2706:. Sidgwick and Jackson, 1915.
2594:, Robin McInnes, Introduction
2459:, R.P. and R.M. Mangles, p 17
2446:Henley Park, Normandy, Surrey
2022:
1891:
1849:, was named in his honour by
1827:in August 1857. He became an
1818:
1747:East Indies and China Station
1524:and instructions to join the
1433:Governor of Western Australia
1347:under the command of Captain
1207:Observations on the Territory
420:was a wealthy Atlantic Ocean
244:East Indies and China Station
165:East Indies and China Station
3270:. Nine Radio. 16 August 2019
2328:Encyclopædia Britannica 1969
1977:History of Western Australia
1509:
1325:about the settlement of the
1313:. Moody was endorsed by the
1234:. The two ships separated.
1007:had a detailed chart of the
990:on 2 December on the French
969:Knight Companion of the Bath
940:
7:
3349:"Stirling History in Focus"
2418:, Stuart Stirling, 1979, p4
2080:. University of Newcastle.
1970:
1728:
1633:
1479:Beverley, Western Australia
1038:were the Colonial Botanist
768:, were taken to England on
161:Colony of Western Australia
10:
4018:
2975:Howe log, 1847, ADM53/2694
2817:. Parliamentary Library WA
2797:Christopher John Pettitt,
2749:Cameron, J. M. R. (1981).
1937:Australian Aboriginal flag
1868:is named after him, as is
1838:
1423:and the market-town named
1294:, the large hill on which
912:British East India Company
802:, not to be confused with
238:and Commander-in-Chief of
3775:
3764:
3677:
3628:
3619:
3611:
3601:
3592:
3584:
3579:
3569:
3560:
3554:
3546:
3537:
3531:
3526:
3168:10.13140/RG.2.1.3593.0485
3002:10.1017/S0041977X0014011X
2674:Charles Fraser (botanist)
2498:, Leslie Marchant, p. 230
2299:Brazen's log, ADM 51/2013
1488:
1443:With the creation of the
1100:. Stirling gave the name
870:
208:
170:
128:
118:
98:
81:
67:
54:
45:
34:
4002:Australian city founders
2373:FO 72/205 ff 65 & 69
1989:Anglo-Japanese relations
1768:, he led a fleet up the
1403:On arrival on 31 May at
717:. On his return to the
234:and he became the first
188:Australian frontier wars
3962:Scottish mass murderers
2841:Documenting a Democracy
2801:, page 33, January 2008
2361:16 January 2014 at the
2351:Dr. Eduardo C. Gerding
2279:Ships of the Royal Navy
2041:7 February 2008 at the
1997:"Stirling, James"
1622:, under the command of
1538:Oriental Crisis of 1840
1203:Narrative of Operations
1169:after his Surrey home.
300:In his second command,
63:, Lanarkshire, Scotland
3992:People from Coatbridge
3947:Lords of the Admiralty
3932:Explorers of Australia
3567:1832, 1834–1839
3413:Statham-Drew, Pamela.
2580:Holmes Ă Court Gallery
2139:Crowley, F.K. (1967).
1955:histories ... such as
1921:
1853:in 1838. A variety of
1823:Stirling was promoted
1816:
1761:) on 14 October 1854.
1691:Palace of Necessidades
1441:
1222:
1137:
1059:
1050:Swan River exploration
891:
826:
675:
617:as a full Lieutenant.
563:and his troops to the
504:, Commander-in-Chief,
479:
466:Period as a midshipman
2618:View from Mount Eliza
2036:Stirling's commission
1910:
1802:
1778:Viceroy of Liangguang
1540:by declaring himself
1437:
1220:
1135:
1057:
878:
824:
670:
482:Stirling trained for
473:
261:Stirling entered the
27:Australian politician
3972:Scottish politicians
3615:Sir Fleetwood Pellew
3506:UK National Archives
3488:on 13 September 2009
2864:23 July 2008 at the
2165:Stirling Family Tree
2113:. 18 December 2007.
1624:Sir Charles Sullivan
1413:Sutton Green, Surrey
758:General John Lambert
442:. His education at
436:Sir Charles Stirling
3957:Royal Navy admirals
3632:Sir Michael Seymour
3588:Sir Houston Stewart
3527:Government offices
3459:Celebrate W.A. site
3406:Hasluck, Alexandra.
3297:The West Australian
2986:Beasley, William G.
2923:The West Australian
2736:July 1827: Vol XXII
2555:, G. Graham, p. 244
2486:ADM 1/2552 Cap S265
2477:ADM 1/2552 Cap S169
1859:The Stirling Centre
1526:Mediterranean Fleet
1366:, Surveyor-General
1193:, to pick up Major
429:Sir Walter Stirling
368:Vice Admiral Parker
265:at age 12 and as a
3605:Sir Thomas Herbert
2847:on 7 February 2008
2689:NSW State Records
2663:present-day Albany
1933:Black Lives Matter
1719:Sir William Parker
1681:entered the River
1656:Sir Charles Napier
1598:Pedro II of Brazil
1536:had triggered the
1534:Muhammad Ali Pasha
1468:Battle of Pinjarra
1223:
1138:
1060:
892:
833:he sailed west to
827:
676:
480:
444:Westminster School
431:and his uncle was
269:saw action in the
224:Sir James Stirling
40:Sir James Stirling
3899:
3898:
3806:Ellison-Macartney
3638:
3637:
3629:Succeeded by
3602:Succeeded by
3580:Military offices
3570:Succeeded by
3547:Succeeded by
2925:, Features; Pg. 2
2457:The Mangles Story
1965:John Septimus Roe
1898:Pinjarra Massacre
1851:Stephan Endlicher
1751:gunboat diplomacy
1409:Swan River Colony
1368:John Septimus Roe
1349:Charles Fremantle
1334:Sir George Murray
1327:Swan River Colony
1309:'s settlement of
1285:Western Australia
1191:King George Sound
1032:Van Diemen's Land
723:Duke of Brunswick
585:Cape of Good Hope
403:North Lanarkshire
389:Family background
372:gunboat diplomacy
330:John Septimus Roe
256:Pinjarra massacre
240:Western Australia
232:Swan River Colony
218:
217:
193:Pinjarra massacre
16:(Redirected from
4009:
3770:
3664:
3657:
3650:
3641:
3640:
3626:1854–1856
3612:Preceded by
3595:Third Naval Lord
3585:Preceded by
3555:Preceded by
3544:1828–1832
3532:Preceded by
3524:
3523:
3514:
3509:
3497:
3495:
3493:
3484:. Archived from
3448:
3443:
3441:
3395:
3394:
3392:
3390:
3374:
3365:
3364:
3362:
3360:
3344:
3338:
3337:
3335:
3333:
3318:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3304:
3299:. 19 August 2019
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2973:
2964:
2961:
2955:
2952:
2941:
2935:
2929:
2928:
2917:
2911:
2910:
2906:The Sunday Times
2900:
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2550:
2544:
2543:, Marchant, p253
2538:
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2519:log, ADM 51/3460
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2156:
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2153:
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2136:
2127:
2126:
2124:
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2103:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2069:
2060:
2054:
2045:
2032:
2018:
2008:
1999:
1946:
1919:
1886:Stirling Highway
1843:The plant genus
1814:
1800:reinforcements.
1739:Third Naval Lord
1646:ship of the line
1392:in company with
1372:Mark John Currie
1370:, Harbourmaster
1044:Frederick Clause
979:on 28 November.
837:and the port of
571:on the flagship
517:Charles Stirling
506:Jamaica Squadron
311:and the port of
111:
109:
108:
100:
91:
90:
74:
50:
32:
31:
21:
4017:
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4012:
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3558:
3550:
3543:
3535:
3500:
3491:
3489:
3482:
3455:
3439:
3437:
3403:
3401:Further reading
3398:
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3375:
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3329:
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3319:
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3098:
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3083:
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3069:
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3058:
3042:
3038:
3030:10.1.1.554.2585
3021:
3017:
2983:
2979:
2974:
2967:
2962:
2958:
2953:
2944:
2936:
2932:
2918:
2914:
2901:
2897:
2887:
2885:
2877:
2866:Wayback Machine
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2636:
2628:
2624:
2616:
2612:
2607:
2598:
2592:The Garden Isle
2590:
2586:
2577:
2573:
2563:
2559:
2551:
2547:
2541:France Australe
2539:
2535:
2527:
2523:
2515:
2511:
2506:
2502:
2496:France Australe
2494:
2490:
2485:
2481:
2476:
2472:
2467:
2463:
2455:
2451:
2444:
2440:
2436:Navy Lists 1819
2435:
2431:
2426:
2422:
2414:
2410:
2402:
2398:
2393:
2389:
2381:
2377:
2372:
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2363:Wayback Machine
2350:
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2159:
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2130:
2120:
2118:
2105:
2104:
2097:
2087:
2085:
2070:
2063:
2055:
2048:
2043:Wayback Machine
2033:
2029:
2025:
1973:
1957:William Dampier
1944:
1920:
1917:
1894:
1841:
1821:
1815:
1812:
1776:to support the
1731:
1639:
1594:Teresa Cristina
1530:Lord Palmerston
1515:
1507:
1491:
1398:Frederick Irwin
1287:
1264:, to report to
1248:Fort Wellington
1215:
1189:then sailed to
1052:
984:Jules d'Urville
955:Melville Island
951:New South Wales
943:
881:Thomas Phillips
873:
831:Paria Peninsula
777:Treaty of Paris
754:Treaty of Ghent
719:Strait of Dover
623:
607:Henry Blackwood
565:RĂo de la Plata
561:Samuel Auchmuty
543:Napoleonic Wars
539:Cape Finisterre
474:The 98-gun HMS
468:
463:
391:
271:Napoleonic Wars
213:Knight Bachelor
204:
178:Napoleonic Wars
163:
159:
152:
145:
138:
106:
104:
85:
76:
72:
59:
58:28 January 1791
41:
38:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4015:
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4004:
3999:
3994:
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3551:
3548:
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3536:
3533:
3529:
3528:
3522:
3521:
3518:James Stirling
3515:
3498:
3480:
3461:
3454:
3453:External links
3451:
3450:
3449:
3425:
3411:
3408:James Stirling
3402:
3399:
3397:
3396:
3366:
3353:Stirling Times
3339:
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3281:
3255:
3229:
3203:
3173:
3150:
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3056:
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2785:
2783:CO323/152 f216
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2320:
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2267:
2258:
2246:
2231:, ed. (1898).
2220:
2204:
2195:
2168:
2157:
2128:
2095:
2061:
2058:James Stirling
2046:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2020:
2019:
1991:
1986:
1979:
1972:
1969:
1949:Stirling Range
1915:
1893:
1890:
1840:
1837:
1820:
1817:
1810:
1730:
1727:
1695:Queen Maria II
1667:Queen Adelaide
1638:
1632:
1613:Otto of Greece
1550:Ottoman Empire
1514:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1490:
1487:
1376:James Drummond
1286:
1283:
1236:Mary Elizabeth
1232:Mary Elizabeth
1214:
1211:
1205:and a section
1195:Edmund Lockyer
1102:Cockburn Sound
1086:Isle Berthelot
1082:Melville Water
1051:
1048:
1042:, the surgeon
1040:Charles Frazer
988:Sydney Harbour
965:James Saumarez
942:
939:
872:
869:
729:patrolled the
684:Gulf of Mexico
622:
619:
611:Somerset House
605:under Captain
593:Rio de Janeiro
502:John Duckworth
478: (centre)
467:
464:
462:
459:
390:
387:
362:. After that,
352:Queen Adelaide
280:, and, in the
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93:United Kingdom
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75:(aged 74)
69:
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3928:
3927:Clan Stirling
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3481:0-7307-3821-3
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3472:
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3431:
3426:
3424:
3423:1-876268-94-8
3420:
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3075:
3067:
3059:
3057:1-873410-43-3
3053:
3049:
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2760:0-85564-196-7
2756:
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2660:
2651:
2644:
2638:
2632:
2626:
2619:
2614:
2605:
2603:
2601:
2593:
2588:
2582:in East Perth
2581:
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2384:
2379:
2370:
2364:
2360:
2357:
2356:
2348:
2341:
2340:Autobiography
2336:
2329:
2324:
2318:
2317:1-876268-94-8
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2016:
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1958:
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1934:
1930:
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1914:
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1899:
1889:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1878:HMAS Stirling
1875:
1871:
1867:
1862:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1847:
1836:
1834:
1830:
1826:
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1715:
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1680:
1676:
1675:Isle of Wight
1672:
1671:Osborne House
1668:
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1657:
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1647:
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1637:
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1595:
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1563:
1559:
1555:
1552:. Also King
1551:
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1496:
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1436:
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1414:
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1406:
1405:Garden Island
1401:
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1391:
1387:
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1377:
1374:, naturalist
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1183:Geographe Bay
1180:
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1134:
1130:
1128:
1127:
1126:Canning River
1122:
1121:Eliza Darling
1119:in honour of
1118:
1114:
1113:Point Belches
1110:
1105:
1103:
1099:
1098:Garden Island
1095:
1094:Carnac Island
1092:were renamed
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1020:Ralph Darling
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900:James Mangles
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816:William Brown
813:
809:
808:Black Frigate
805:
801:
797:
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750:SimĂłn BolĂvar
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535:Robert Calder
532:
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512:Prince George
507:
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360:Isle of Wight
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356:Osborne House
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80:
71:22 April 1865
70:
66:
62:
57:
53:
49:
44:
33:
30:
19:
3881:K. Sanderson
3866:J. Sanderson
3687:
3620:
3593:
3561:
3538:
3490:. Retrieved
3486:the original
3470:
3445:
3438:. Retrieved
3433:
3414:
3407:
3387:. Retrieved
3382:
3357:. Retrieved
3352:
3342:
3330:. Retrieved
3325:
3301:. Retrieved
3296:
3272:. Retrieved
3267:
3258:
3246:. Retrieved
3242:
3232:
3220:. Retrieved
3216:
3206:
3194:. Retrieved
3189:
3159:
3153:
3141:. Retrieved
3129:
3116:
3104:. Retrieved
3094:
3082:. Retrieved
3078:
3066:
3046:
3039:
3018:
2993:
2989:
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2959:
2937:
2933:
2921:
2915:
2904:
2898:
2886:. Retrieved
2881:
2849:. Retrieved
2845:the original
2840:
2831:
2819:. Retrieved
2806:
2798:
2778:
2769:
2750:
2744:
2734:
2729:
2718:
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2697:
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2637:
2631:Claise Brook
2629:present-day
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2238:
2223:
2198:
2186:. Retrieved
2181:
2171:
2160:
2148:. Retrieved
2144:
2119:. Retrieved
2110:
2086:. Retrieved
2077:
2030:
2013:– via
2003:
1981:
1961:John Forrest
1941:
1922:
1911:
1904:people with
1895:
1863:
1858:
1844:
1842:
1825:vice admiral
1822:
1803:
1780:(modern day
1766:John Bowring
1763:
1735:rear admiral
1732:
1722:
1716:
1712:aide-de-camp
1706:
1701:
1699:
1678:
1661:
1650:
1640:
1635:
1627:
1618:
1609:Edmund Lyons
1602:
1589:
1577:
1575:
1565:
1520:
1516:
1511:
1499:Harvey River
1492:
1476:
1472:
1464:Murray River
1452:Septimus Roe
1449:
1442:
1438:
1429:
1402:
1393:
1383:
1360:
1354:
1343:
1331:
1311:Pennsylvania
1307:William Penn
1303:Thomas Moody
1300:
1288:
1279:
1269:
1266:Admiral Gage
1253:
1252:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1224:
1206:
1202:
1199:
1186:
1178:
1174:
1171:
1166:
1162:
1154:
1150:Helena River
1148:
1146:
1142:Point Frazer
1141:
1139:
1125:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1106:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1035:
1023:
1015:
1013:
1004:
1000:
995:
981:
977:Sydney Heads
972:
960:
959:
944:
933:
927:
924:
916:
893:
863:
860:
855:
850:
846:
828:
807:
803:
799:
794:
791:
785:
780:
774:
769:
745:
743:
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708:
695:
687:
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671:
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626:
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601:
597:
588:
574:
555:
551:
546:
530:
528:
522:
511:
496:
489:
481:
475:
461:Early career
449:
411:
392:
380:
376:
363:
346:
339:
335:
321:Murray River
318:
303:
299:
289:
284:between the
276:
260:
223:
219:
171:Battles/wars
155:
148:
141:
134:
73:(1865-04-22)
29:
3917:1865 deaths
3912:1791 births
3440:18 December
3389:15 December
3355:. p. 3
3196:15 December
3143:26 November
2857:- see also
2330:, pp 809-10
2229:Lee, Sidney
2188:15 December
2121:23 November
2088:23 November
2011:John Murray
1855:Pittosporum
1790:Ye Mingchen
1770:Pearl River
1605:Edward Owen
1456:Thomas Peel
1364:Peter Brown
1338:New Holland
1292:Mount Eliza
1274:Trincomalee
1258:Fort Dundas
1256:arrived at
1244:Raffles Bay
1167:Henley Park
1163:Ellen Brook
1117:Mount Eliza
1090:Isle Buache
1016:L'Astrolabe
1001:L'Astrolabe
996:L'Astrolabe
986:arrived in
947:New Holland
908:East Indies
843:John Harvey
766:Harry Smith
762:Fort Bowyer
692:New Orleans
680:War of 1812
621:West Indies
569:Home Popham
541:during the
455:West Indies
414:slave trade
395:Drumpellier
294:Fort Bowyer
282:War of 1812
200:Crimean War
183:War of 1812
61:Drumpellier
3906:Categories
3846:Trowbridge
3796:Strickland
3778:Federation
3708:Fitzgerald
3680:Federation
2821:20 October
2427:ADM 152/35
2074:"Pinjarra"
2023:References
2015:Wikisource
1925:Hay Street
1918:Chris Owen
1892:Dishonours
1882:Rockingham
1846:Stirlingia
1819:Retirement
1662:St Vincent
1643:first rate
1619:Formidable
1588:in Greece
1344:Challenger
1319:Parliament
1296:Kings Park
1009:Swan River
920:grand tour
715:Hudson Bay
704:Mobile Bay
580:Montevideo
484:midshipman
440:Royal Navy
399:Coatbridge
381:Winchester
326:Aboriginal
267:midshipman
263:Royal Navy
113:Royal Navy
82:Allegiance
3811:Newdegate
3573:John Hutt
3434:NITV News
3106:12 August
3079:The Times
3025:CiteSeerX
3010:155032185
2383:The Times
1794:Tiandihui
1782:Guangdong
1743:Admiralty
1660:HMS
1649:HMS
1617:HMS
1519:HMS
1460:Pindjarep
1425:Guildford
1421:Fremantle
1353:HMS
1342:HMS
1005:Astrolabe
941:Australia
932:HMS
839:La Guaira
812:privateer
731:Irish Sea
700:Pensacola
659:HMS
652:HMS
645:HMS
638:HMS
631:HMS
600:HMS
573:HMS
554:HMS
521:HMS
510:HMS
495:HMS
488:HMS
486:on board
379:HMS
345:HMS
338:HMS
313:Fremantle
302:HMS
275:HMS
252:Bindjareb
154:HMS
147:HMS
140:HMS
133:HMS
3876:McCusker
3826:Gairdner
3821:Mitchell
3753:Robinson
3743:Robinson
3733:Robinson
3688:Stirling
3383:ABC News
3243:ABC News
3190:ABC News
3134:Archived
2873:(1831).
2871:Bathurst
2862:Archived
2691:Archives
2404:BolĂvar
2359:Archived
2355:HĂ©rcules
2182:ABC News
2115:Archived
2082:Archived
2039:Archived
1971:See also
1916:—
1906:genocide
1866:Stirling
1811:—
1749:. Using
1729:Far East
1576:In June
1390:Spithead
1385:Parmelia
1380:Plymouth
992:corvette
982:Captain
928:HĂ©rcules
889:Canberra
847:Brazen's
800:HĂ©rcules
795:HĂ©rcules
739:Barbados
735:Hebrides
733:and the
672:Brazen's
647:Arethusa
633:Hibernia
627:Warspite
615:Warspite
602:Warspite
453:for the
407:Scotland
236:Governor
129:Commands
99:Service/
3886:Beazley
3871:Michael
3861:Jeffery
3836:Edwards
3831:Kendrew
3816:Campion
3791:Bedford
3718:Hampton
3713:Kennedy
3678:Before
3268:6PR 882
3248:17 June
3222:17 June
3217:WAtoday
3084:14 July
2888:5 March
2851:5 March
2517:Success
2150:20 June
1929:defaced
1902:Noongar
1880:, near
1839:Honours
1829:admiral
1806:Russian
1786:Guangxi
1741:at the
1673:on the
1586:Piraeus
1562:sulphur
1542:Khedive
1394:Sulphur
1355:Sulphur
1270:Success
1254:Success
1240:Success
1228:Success
1187:Success
1179:Success
1175:Success
1155:Success
1109:Success
1068:Success
1036:Success
1024:Success
973:Success
961:Success
934:Success
835:Caracas
804:Hercule
678:In the
654:Moselle
556:Sampson
497:Hercule
433:Admiral
426:Admiral
358:on the
304:Success
228:British
221:Admiral
142:Success
123:Admiral
36:Admiral
3891:Dawson
3801:Barron
3786:Lawley
3776:After
3748:Broome
3698:Clarke
3492:8 June
3478:
3421:
3359:5 June
3332:5 June
3303:5 June
3274:5 June
3054:
3027:
3008:
2757:
2315:
2275:Brazen
2006:
1953:racist
1774:Canton
1582:Smyrna
1571:Lisbon
1558:Naples
1495:Harvey
1489:Harvey
1315:Tories
1262:Penang
1159:cutter
1073:Carnac
1028:Hobart
896:Surrey
871:Surrey
864:Brazen
856:Brazen
786:Brazen
781:Brazen
770:Brazen
746:Brazen
727:Brazen
711:Brazen
696:Brazen
688:Brazen
661:Brazen
640:Armide
589:Diadem
575:Diadem
422:slaver
370:using
290:Brazen
277:Brazen
209:Awards
135:Brazen
110:
101:branch
3758:Smith
3703:Irwin
3599:1852
3137:(PDF)
3126:(PDF)
3006:S2CID
2878:(PDF)
2815:(PDF)
1945:'
1931:amid
1757:(the
1755:Japan
1683:Tagus
1628:Indus
1590:Indus
1578:Indus
1566:Indus
1546:Egypt
1521:Indus
1512:Indus
1417:Perth
904:Petra
547:Glory
531:Glory
523:Glory
490:Camel
476:Glory
450:Camel
397:near
340:Indus
309:Perth
149:Indus
3856:Burt
3851:Reid
3841:Kyle
3728:Weld
3723:Pine
3693:Hutt
3557:none
3549:none
3534:none
3494:2006
3476:ISBN
3442:2021
3419:ISBN
3391:2021
3361:2021
3334:2021
3326:Post
3305:2021
3276:2021
3250:2020
3224:2020
3198:2021
3145:2019
3108:2017
3086:2021
3052:ISBN
2890:2008
2868:and
2853:2008
2823:2014
2755:ISBN
2353:The
2313:ISBN
2190:2021
2152:2017
2123:2019
2090:2019
1963:and
1872:and
1833:Wyke
1798:Qing
1784:and
1723:Howe
1707:Howe
1702:Howe
1679:Howe
1651:Howe
1636:Howe
1634:HMS
1556:and
1510:HMS
1454:and
1096:and
1088:and
775:The
448:HMS
364:Howe
347:Howe
156:Howe
119:Rank
68:Died
55:Born
3738:Ord
3164:doi
2998:doi
1967:."
1913:it.
1772:to
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1544:of
1382:in
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1272:in
1078:gig
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