225:, which mandated formal qualifications for medical practitioners. He was a trusted figure among the working-class population of Ancoats, known for his practical medical knowledge and his proprietary remedy, "Scholefield's Cholera Mixture", which enjoyed popularity for several decades.
275:
Scholefield died on 24 April 1855 and was buried in Every Street churchyard, Ancoats. His gravestone is the only one from that period that remains intact. The Every Street chapel later became associated with the
251:, the Short Time movement advocating for shorter working hours, and the Parliamentary and Financial Reform Association. This association united a diverse group of reformers, including
214:
Despite his active ministry, Scholefield did not receive financial compensation for his religious work. Instead, he supported himself through various ventures. He was a successful
211:
as "Der Meusch—Kieu
Raubthier". His lifestyle and teachings were influenced by the belief that abstaining from alcohol and meat was integral to a virtuous and healthy life.
185:. He was educated at Cowherd's Salford Grammar School and Academy of Sciences, covering subjects such as physical science, medicine, astronomy, Latin, Hebrew, and Greek.
218:
and managed a large graveyard adjacent to his chapel. Notably, he developed the "Safety tomb" designed to protect graves from robbers, a significant concern at the time.
221:
In addition to his work as an undertaker, Scholefield practiced medicine. Although he was not formally qualified, he studied medicine and began practicing before the
361:
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wrote and produced a play about
Scholefield's life, which was performed in the chapel, celebrating his contributions to the community and his reformist spirit.
145:(6 April 1790 – 24 April 1855), was an English religious leader, social reformer, undertaker and medical practitioner. He is known for his contributions to the
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conference to convene in his chapel. For permitting this, Scholefield was tried at the
Lancaster Assizes in 1843. However, he was acquitted.
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468:"'In the Thickest of the Fight': The Reverend James Scholefield (1790-1855) and the Bible Christians of Manchester and Salford"
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Around 1851, Scholefield published a pamphlet advocating for vegetarianism. It was translated into German by
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Wentworth, Philip (1890-03-29). "Mr W. E. A. Axon's Notice of the Rev. James
Scholefield".
419:
Wentworth, Philip (1890-03-29). "Mr W. E. A. Axon's Notice of the Rev. James
Scholefield".
188:
In 1813, Scholefield was ordained as a minister in the sect and served at Christ Church in
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until 1823. Scholefield founded the Christ Church Chapel in Every Street,
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in 1819 and later, in 1842, he commissioned an obelisk in memory of
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Religious leader, social reformer, undertaker, medical practitioner
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Towards the end of his life, he played a prominent role in the
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An Essay on
Abstinence from Animal Food, as a Moral Duty
309:"Scholefield, James (1790–1855), political reformer".
1487:
Moral
Inquiries on the Situation of Man and of Brutes
366:
Manchester
Medical Collection: Biographical Files R-Z
392:
Chartism and the
Chartists in Manchester and Salford
232:of the early 19th century. He was present at the
16:English religious leader and reformer (1790–1855)
3372:
465:
228:Scholefield was deeply involved in the radical
564:
101:Salford Grammar School and Academy of Sciences
3456:People associated with the Vegetarian Society
1213:Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine
550:
157:, and his involvement in the British radical
315:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
557:
543:
466:Pickering, Paul A.; Tyrrell, Alex (1994).
1751:Why We Love Dogs, Eat Pigs, and Wear Cows
1575:Thirty-nine Reasons Why I Am a Vegetarian
516:
418:
388:
1401:World Esperantist Vegetarian Association
1988:You Are What You Eat: A Twin Experiment
519:Middleton and North Manchester Guardian
421:Middleton and North Manchester Guardian
312:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
3373:
1426:List of vegetarian and vegan companies
1543:Behind the Scenes in Slaughter-Houses
1203:Nederlandse Vereniging voor Veganisme
538:
3396:19th-century English medical doctors
3149:Ben & Esther's Vegan Jewish Deli
2736:A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada
414:
412:
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354:
352:
350:
348:
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344:
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181:, a non-conformist sect founded by
13:
1479:Reasons for not Eating Animal Food
510:
164:
14:
3472:
1447:On Abstinence from Eating Animals
1341:North American Vegetarian Society
409:
335:
297:
3164:Green Elephant Vegetarian Bistro
1294:Christian Vegetarian Association
120:Founding of Christ Church Chapel
3441:English vegetarianism activists
1703:Vegetarian Cooking for Everyone
19:For the classical scholar, see
3446:Patent medicine businesspeople
3296:Vegetarian and vegan symbolism
1647:Moosewood Collective Cookbooks
1386:Vegetarian Society (Singapore)
1371:Toronto Vegetarian Association
1314:International Vegetarian Union
459:
435:
382:
362:"James Scholefield, 1790-1855"
169:James Scholefield was born at
1:
3421:Burials in Greater Manchester
3311:Vegetarian and vegan dog diet
3235:Food for Thought (restaurant)
1828:Diet for a New America (film)
1607:The Benefits of Vegetarianism
1471:A Vindication of Natural Diet
1238:Vegan Prisoners Support Group
290:
249:Manchester Vegetarian Society
3436:English temperance activists
1655:The Farm Vegetarian Cookbook
875:Seventh-day Adventist Church
447:Chartism & The Chartists
389:Pickering, P. (1995-09-27).
329:UK public library membership
7:
3391:19th-century English clergy
3280:The Pitman Vegetarian Hotel
1695:The Sexual Politics of Meat
813:Environmental vegetarianism
668:Environmental vegetarianism
10:
3477:
3451:People acquitted of crimes
1791:Making a Stand for Animals
1567:Fifty Years of Food Reform
1309:Hare Krishna Food for Life
1223:Vegan Awareness Foundation
18:
3406:British funeral directors
3288:
3222:
3141:
2873:
2446:Maximilian Bircher-Benner
2363:
2057:
2044:
1998:
1884:Fat, Sick and Nearly Dead
1809:
1775:The End of Animal Farming
1759:The Vegan Studies Project
1434:
1418:
1304:French Vegetarian Society
1299:European Vegetarian Union
1289:Boston Vegetarian Society
1271:
1173:
1159:
940:
856:
783:
776:
726:
653:
635:Vegan organic agriculture
583:
576:
395:. Springer. p. 144.
123:Supporting radical reform
113:
105:
97:
89:Every Street churchyard,
85:
66:
40:
28:
3416:British social reformers
3204:The Sound Lounge, London
3179:Little Pine (restaurant)
3063:Colleen Patrick-Goudreau
2561:Narasinh Narayan Godbole
1735:The Bloodless Revolution
1376:Vegetarian Federal Union
1191:Food Empowerment Project
1034:List of meat substitutes
278:University of Manchester
3326:Plant-based action plan
3073:Satchidananda Saraswati
2918:Tabitha Brown (actress)
1727:Livestock's Long Shadow
1631:Diet for a Small Planet
1535:Shelley's Vegetarianism
1346:Order of the Golden Age
833:Replaceability argument
703:Vegetarian Diet Pyramid
688:Lacto-ovo vegetarianism
593:Animal-free agriculture
3461:People from Kirkheaton
2706:Francis William Newman
2606:Martin Luther Holbrook
1687:Diet for a New America
1639:The Vegetarian Epicure
1527:What is Vegetarianism?
1284:Bible Christian Church
1186:Beauty Without Cruelty
1181:American Vegan Society
663:Economic vegetarianism
321:10.1093/ref:odnb/56642
179:Bible Christian Church
147:Bible Christian Church
3431:Christian vegetarians
3048:Isa Chandra Moskowitz
2801:Russell Thacher Trall
2766:Johan Lindström Saxon
2461:Lucius Duncan Bulkley
1767:Animal (De)liberation
1551:Why I Am a Vegetarian
818:Ethics of eating meat
93:, Manchester, England
3184:Moosewood Restaurant
3038:Moosewood Collective
2953:Crescent Dragonwagon
2861:Kathleen Keen Zolber
2521:James Elmslie Duncan
2381:Bertrand P. Allinson
1615:Living the Good Life
1503:Fruits and Farinacea
1406:World Vegetarian Day
1356:ProVeg International
744:Fictional characters
61:, Yorkshire, England
3301:List of vegan media
3230:Cranks (restaurant)
3033:Joanne Lee Molinaro
3003:Frances Moore Lappé
2791:William O. Stephens
2786:Ernest Lester Smith
2776:Richard H. Schwartz
2761:Henry Stephens Salt
2751:Ulma Doyle Register
2681:Harry Willis Miller
2661:Alice Garrett Marsh
2616:John Harvey Kellogg
2270:James E. McWilliams
2035:The Animals' Agenda
1017:Microbial cellulose
992:Gelatin substitutes
955:Chicken fillet roll
683:Lacto vegetarianism
223:Medical Act of 1815
173:, in the parish of
149:, his advocacy for
3255:New Riverside Cafe
3245:Lentil as Anything
3223:Former restaurants
3159:Crossroads Kitchen
3088:Alicia Silverstone
3023:Hetty Lui McKinnon
2973:Carol Lee Flinders
2831:Severin Wielobycki
2536:Charles W. Forward
2391:Charles R. Attwood
2165:Caldwell Esselstyn
1671:Moosewood Cookbook
1519:The Ethics of Diet
1381:Vegetarian Society
1351:ProVeg Deutschland
3368:
3367:
3169:Greens Restaurant
3053:Bawa Muhaiyaddeen
2923:Suzy Amis Cameron
2913:Edward Espe Brown
2908:Martha Brotherton
2869:
2868:
2806:Frederick Towgood
2771:James Scholefield
2711:R. E. O'Callaghan
2541:Michael Allen Fox
2516:Daniel Dombrowski
2421:George Bedborough
2406:Horace A. Barrows
2371:Phyllis B. Acosta
2265:John A. McDougall
2220:Avery Yale Kamila
2170:Gary L. Francione
2125:T. Colin Campbell
2075:Suzanne M. Babich
1972:The Game Changers
1916:Live and Let Live
1900:Forks Over Knives
1860:Peaceable Kingdom
1852:Post Punk Kitchen
1836:A Cow at My Table
1783:Vegetable Kingdom
1511:The Pleasure Boat
1495:Nature's Own Book
1463:Vegetable Cookery
1414:
1413:
1243:The Vegan Society
1056:Nutritional yeast
936:
935:
772:
771:
693:Ovo vegetarianism
640:Vegan school meal
402:978-0-230-37648-9
327:(Subscription or
234:Peterloo Massacre
143:James Scholefield
140:
139:
35:James Scholefield
21:James Scholefield
3468:
3411:British radicals
3401:Bible Christians
3341:Planetary health
3331:Sustainable diet
3321:Plant-based diet
3260:Nix (restaurant)
3174:Hiltl Restaurant
3123:Umberto Veronesi
3093:Hannah Sunderani
3068:Mathew Pritchard
3028:Tracye McQuirter
2938:Chloe Coscarelli
2876:cookbook authors
2821:Emil Weilshäuser
2691:Reuben D. Mussey
2671:William Metcalfe
2596:Philippe Hecquet
2511:Daniël de Clercq
2411:Geoffrey Barstow
2355:Sophie ZaĂŻkowska
2245:Thomas Lepeltier
2200:A. Breeze Harper
2155:George Dornbusch
2120:Jodey Castricano
2055:
2054:
2021:Vegetarian Times
1964:Eating You Alive
1932:PlantPure Nation
1820:The Animals Film
1663:Laurel's Kitchen
1599:A Fleshless Diet
1361:ProVeg Nederland
1171:
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1116:Vegetarian bacon
1029:Meat alternative
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271:Death and legacy
265:Feargus O'Connor
230:reform movements
209:Emil Weilshäuser
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3275:The Hollow Reed
3265:Penny Cafeteria
3240:InSpiral Lounge
3218:
3137:
3083:Miyoko Schinner
3013:Linda McCartney
3008:Deborah Madison
2978:Alexis Gauthier
2893:Carleigh Bodrug
2875:
2865:
2851:Jon Wynne-Tyson
2836:Howard Williams
2716:Josiah Oldfield
2686:J. Howard Moore
2676:Eli Peck Miller
2636:W. R. C. Latson
2626:Daniel H. Kress
2566:Jeremiah Hacker
2526:Eknath Easwaran
2506:Lenna F. Cooper
2456:Ernest Bonnejoy
2416:Sidney H. Beard
2386:Thomas Allinson
2359:
2345:Corey Lee Wrenn
2340:Kim A. Williams
2110:Will Bulsiewicz
2085:Neal D. Barnard
2050:
2048:
2046:
2040:
1994:
1940:What the Health
1811:Films and shows
1805:
1711:The China Study
1583:The Meat Fetish
1438:
1436:
1430:
1410:
1329:Meatless Monday
1267:
1263:World Vegan Day
1163:
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1126:Vegetarian mark
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511:Further reading
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484:10.2307/4052603
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443:"Chartists A-Z"
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183:William Cowherd
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165:Life and career
159:reform movement
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3358:Pollotarianism
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3353:Pescetarianism
3348:Flexitarianism
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2993:Madhur Jaffrey
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2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2666:Elmer McCollum
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2646:Susan M. Levin
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2611:Isaac Jennings
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2591:William Harvey
2588:
2583:
2581:Alexander Haig
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2556:Mahatma Gandhi
2553:
2548:
2546:Peter Foxcroft
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2496:Antonio Cocchi
2493:
2491:Henry S. Clubb
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2401:Eduard Baltzer
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2376:William Alcott
2373:
2367:
2365:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2330:Sunaura Taylor
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2275:Vesanto Melina
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2240:Maxwell G. Lee
2237:
2232:
2227:
2225:Michael Klaper
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2195:Michael Greger
2192:
2190:Lewis Gompertz
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2115:Georges Butaud
2112:
2107:
2102:
2100:Yves Bonnardel
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2080:Martin Balluch
2077:
2072:
2070:Carol J. Adams
2067:
2061:
2059:
2052:
2042:
2041:
2039:
2038:
2031:
2024:
2017:
2010:
2002:
2000:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1992:
1984:
1976:
1968:
1960:
1952:
1944:
1936:
1928:
1920:
1912:
1904:
1896:
1888:
1880:
1872:
1864:
1856:
1848:
1844:Meet Your Meat
1840:
1832:
1824:
1815:
1813:
1807:
1806:
1804:
1803:
1795:
1787:
1779:
1771:
1763:
1755:
1747:
1743:Eating Animals
1739:
1731:
1723:
1715:
1707:
1699:
1691:
1683:
1675:
1667:
1659:
1651:
1643:
1635:
1627:
1619:
1611:
1603:
1595:
1591:The New Ethics
1587:
1579:
1571:
1563:
1555:
1547:
1539:
1531:
1523:
1515:
1507:
1499:
1491:
1483:
1475:
1467:
1459:
1451:
1442:
1440:
1432:
1431:
1429:
1428:
1422:
1420:
1416:
1415:
1412:
1411:
1409:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1337:
1336:
1331:
1324:Meat-free days
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1275:
1273:
1269:
1268:
1266:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1233:Vegan Outreach
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1177:
1175:
1168:
1157:
1156:
1154:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1037:
1036:
1026:
1021:
1020:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
989:
988:
987:
982:
972:
967:
962:
960:Coconut burger
957:
952:
946:
944:
938:
937:
934:
933:
931:
930:
925:
920:
915:
913:Pythagoreanism
910:
905:
900:
895:
894:
893:
888:
878:
868:
862:
860:
854:
853:
851:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
798:Animal welfare
795:
789:
787:
778:
774:
773:
770:
769:
767:
766:
761:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
730:
728:
724:
723:
721:
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
695:
690:
685:
680:
675:
670:
665:
659:
657:
651:
650:
648:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
626:
625:
615:
610:
605:
600:
598:Black veganism
595:
589:
587:
578:
574:
573:
562:
561:
554:
547:
539:
533:
532:
527:Newspapers.com
512:
509:
506:
505:
478:(3): 461–482.
458:
434:
429:Newspapers.com
408:
401:
381:
334:
295:
294:
292:
289:
272:
269:
253:Richard Cobden
166:
163:
138:
137:
135:
134:
124:
121:
117:
115:
114:Known for
111:
110:
107:
103:
102:
99:
95:
94:
87:
83:
82:
76:
74:(aged 65)
68:
64:
63:
53:
42:
38:
37:
34:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3473:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3378:
3376:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3350:
3349:
3346:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3333:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3306:Juice fasting
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3293:
3291:
3287:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3227:
3225:
3221:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3209:Veggie Galaxy
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3140:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3113:Lauren Toyota
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2998:Mollie Katzen
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2963:Rip Esselstyn
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2948:Sue Donaldson
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2880:
2878:
2872:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2796:Alan Stoddard
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2781:James Simpson
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2756:Rollo Russell
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2746:James Rachels
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2731:Cyril V. Pink
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2701:Scott Nearing
2699:
2697:
2696:Helen Nearing
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2651:Andrew Linzey
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2631:William Lambe
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2576:Walter Hadwen
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2501:Edwin Collier
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2486:George Cheyne
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2466:J. L. Buttner
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2362:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2335:Richard Twine
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2325:David Sztybel
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2295:David Olivier
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2185:Valéry Giroux
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2090:David Benatar
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2065:Elisa Aaltola
2063:
2062:
2060:
2056:
2053:
2043:
2037:
2036:
2032:
2030:
2029:
2025:
2023:
2022:
2018:
2016:
2015:
2011:
2009:
2008:
2004:
2003:
2001:
1997:
1990:
1989:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1937:
1934:
1933:
1929:
1926:
1925:
1921:
1918:
1917:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1897:
1894:
1893:
1889:
1886:
1885:
1881:
1878:
1877:
1876:A Sacred Duty
1873:
1870:
1869:
1865:
1862:
1861:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1849:
1846:
1845:
1841:
1838:
1837:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1825:
1822:
1821:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1808:
1801:
1800:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1788:
1785:
1784:
1780:
1777:
1776:
1772:
1769:
1768:
1764:
1761:
1760:
1756:
1753:
1752:
1748:
1745:
1744:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1732:
1729:
1728:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1716:
1713:
1712:
1708:
1705:
1704:
1700:
1697:
1696:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1684:
1681:
1680:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1668:
1665:
1664:
1660:
1657:
1656:
1652:
1649:
1648:
1644:
1641:
1640:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1628:
1625:
1624:
1620:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1609:
1608:
1604:
1601:
1600:
1596:
1593:
1592:
1588:
1585:
1584:
1580:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1569:
1568:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1559:Figs or Pigs?
1556:
1553:
1552:
1548:
1545:
1544:
1540:
1537:
1536:
1532:
1529:
1528:
1524:
1521:
1520:
1516:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1505:
1504:
1500:
1497:
1496:
1492:
1489:
1488:
1484:
1481:
1480:
1476:
1473:
1472:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1460:
1457:
1456:
1452:
1450:(3rd century)
1449:
1448:
1444:
1443:
1441:
1433:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1417:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1326:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1276:
1274:
1270:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1208:Our Hen House
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1198:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1176:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1162:
1158:
1152:
1151:Veggie burger
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
994:
993:
990:
986:
983:
981:
978:
977:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
947:
945:
939:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
892:
889:
887:
884:
883:
882:
879:
876:
872:
869:
867:
864:
863:
861:
859:
855:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
793:Animal rights
791:
790:
788:
786:
782:
779:
775:
765:
762:
760:
757:
755:
754:Organizations
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
731:
729:
725:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
660:
658:
656:
655:Vegetarianism
652:
646:
645:Vegan studies
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
624:
621:
620:
619:
618:Straight edge
616:
614:
611:
609:
606:
604:
603:Fruitarianism
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3133:Alan Wakeman
3108:Haile Thomas
3098:Bryant Terry
2988:Richa Hingle
2983:Dick Gregory
2888:Mayim Bialik
2856:Tzachi Zamir
2811:Sidney Trist
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2476:Job Caudwell
2451:George Black
2396:William Axon
2350:Laura Wright
2320:Peter Singer
2315:JĂ©rĂ´me Segal
2305:Emelia Quinn
2300:David Pearce
2285:David Nibert
2280:Gemma Newman
2260:Reed Mangels
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2175:Joel Fuhrman
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2105:Will Bonsall
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1391:Veggie Pride
1279:Alcott House
1218:Plamil Foods
1195:
1136:Sausage roll
1012:Konjac jelly
965:Coconut milk
871:Christianity
823:Meat paradox
808:Deep ecology
613:Raw veganism
577:Perspectives
525:– via
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55:Colne Bridge
51:6 April 1790
31:The Reverend
3386:1855 deaths
3381:1790 births
3142:Restaurants
3103:Anna Thomas
3078:Derek Sarno
2958:Rose Elliot
2943:Yamuna Devi
2898:Gypsy Boots
2846:W. A. Sibly
2841:Frank Wokes
2721:Dean Ornish
2621:Norman Kerr
2601:Brian Hines
2586:Edward Hare
2571:John Haddon
2551:Greta Gaard
2481:James Clark
2471:Paul Carton
2436:Ragnar Berg
2431:Robert Bell
2426:Ernest Bell
2290:Jack Norris
2235:Renan Larue
2210:Melanie Joy
2205:Oscar Horta
2180:Kristi Funk
2160:Mylan Engel
2145:Jan Deckers
2140:Garth Davis
2130:Robert Cook
2095:Steven Best
2047:activists,
2045:Academics,
1855:(2003–2005)
1623:Ten Talents
1334:Friday Fast
1061:Plant cream
1002:Carrageenan
950:Agave syrup
838:Sentientism
828:Nonviolence
764:Vegan media
759:Restaurants
734:Vegetarians
708:Ecofeminism
285:Mary Stocks
261:Joseph Hume
257:John Bright
198:teetotaller
3375:Categories
3336:Low-carbon
3316:Vegaphobia
3154:Cinnaholic
3128:Nisha Vora
3058:Gaz Oakley
2968:Toni Fiore
2933:Pinky Cole
2928:Hannah Che
2883:Nava Atlas
2741:Rod Preece
2726:Felix Ortt
2531:T. Forster
2441:Rynn Berry
2364:Vegetarian
2255:Al-Ma'arri
2051:physicians
2007:Naked Food
1924:Cowspiracy
1868:Earthlings
1799:Meat Atlas
1319:Jewish Veg
1272:Vegetarian
1248:Veganmania
1228:Vegan flag
1111:Vegetables
1086:Soy yogurt
1066:Plant milk
848:Tirukkuṟaḷ
843:Speciesism
718:By country
678:Orthopathy
531:(obituary)
521:. p.
452:2024-07-08
423:. p.
371:2024-07-01
331:required.)
291:References
238:Henry Hunt
216:undertaker
202:vegetarian
175:Kirkheaton
155:temperance
132:temperance
78:Manchester
59:Kirkheaton
47:1790-04-06
3426:Chartists
2874:Chefs and
2641:Elmer Lee
2310:Tom Regan
2215:Joel Kahn
2049:authors,
1999:Magazines
1908:Vegucated
1419:Companies
1253:Veganuary
1051:Mock duck
943:and drink
918:Rastafari
858:Religious
749:Festivals
713:Nutrition
630:Nutrition
492:0095-1390
283:In 1934,
98:Education
80:, England
3118:Jeeca Uy
2816:Valluvar
1956:Dominion
1802:(annual)
1439:journals
1437:reports,
1366:Swissveg
1197:Go Vegan
1101:Tofurkey
881:Hinduism
866:Buddhism
623:Hardline
585:Veganism
566:Veganism
242:Chartist
3289:Related
3189:Purezza
2028:VegNews
1948:Carnage
1892:Planeat
1131:Sausage
1121:Hot dog
1007:Gulaman
985:legumes
980:cereals
923:Sikhism
908:Judaism
903:Jainism
886:Sattvic
803:Carnism
785:Secular
698:Cuisine
673:History
608:History
500:4052603
194:Ancoats
91:Ancoats
2230:Aph Ko
1991:(2024)
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1458:(1802)
1435:Books,
1258:Veganz
1166:events
1161:Groups
1106:Cheese
1091:Tempeh
1081:Seitan
1071:Quinoa
1024:Jambon
975:Grains
970:Fruits
928:Taoism
891:Ahimsa
777:Ethics
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263:, and
2903:BOSH!
2058:Vegan
2014:Satya
1174:Vegan
1076:Quorn
1046:Mochi
898:Islam
727:Lists
496:JSTOR
190:Hulme
1164:and
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1141:Beer
1096:Tofu
1041:Miso
997:Agar
941:Food
568:and
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