326:, David Minerva Machado, Arsénio Totó Sihanouk, Luís dos Passos, and Eduardo Ernesto Bakalof. In planning for action, he was attached to the 9th Brigade with the role of shock troops during the coup attempt. Regardless, he had been included in the committee of the Central Committee of the MPLA to investigate the activities of the Nitistas. He would, however, regularly inform Alves about the actions and intentions of the government. His membership in the faction was kept hidden entirely. He sought to keep this secrecy and abstained from making declarations and public meetings, only appearing in important, clandestine meetings.
280:, which established the parameters of the partition of power during the process of independence for Angola, Caetano was named by the MPLA to compose the military hierarchy of the transitional government, keeping with one of the Area Commands, together with Pedro Timóteo "Barreiro" Kiakanwa (FNLA) and "Edmundo Rocha" Sabino Sandele (UNITA).
396:, in what was described as a solemn ceremony. President Lourenço was represent by his security service and military cabinet chief, Francisco Furtado, and had government representatives such as Minister of Justice Francisco Queiroz, Minister of the Interior Eugénio Laborinho, and by Telecommunications Minister
231:
During this period, however, the MPLA went through an intense internal political dispute that had turned into, between 1972 and 1974, the Active Revolt and the
Eastern Revolt. The disputes were instigated by anti-colonial hard-liners in Brazzaville, in 1972, and had created conspiratorial themes that
329:
On 21 May, Alves and Van-Dúnem were expelled from the MPLA. Days after, on 23 May, a meeting of the 9th
Brigade required the reintegration of Nitista directors in the party and the Central Committee. On 24 May, Alves held the last secret meeting. The plan had also included the planned assassinations
204:
After the feat, Caetano became one of the main commanders of the 1st
Military Police Region (Luanda, Dembos e Norte Angolano) of the MPLA/EPLA. He came to be recognized by the soldiers for his courage and capacity for combat, he survived and left victorious after participating in the ambushes by the
356:
Angola's intelligence agency, the
Directory of Information and Security of Angola (DISA) and the Cuban troops became involved in skirmishes and confrontations to dispel the rebellion. The Nitista leaders attempted to hide in Dembos, but DISA and the Cuban troops pursued them. Caetano was one of the
267:
On 8 November 1974, he became part of the "delegation of 26" of the party, led by Lara, and had the historic first visit of a MPLA delegation that was officially received in Luanda. The arrival of Lara's delegation, that also had
Caetano, was received very enthusiastically by a crowd of militants,
299:, maintaining direct contact with President Agostinho Neto in relation to the collapse of the southern and central fronts that had been under the pressure of South African and UNITA troops. The situation grew to include Cuban military intervention, that came as assistance to Caetano's troops.
314:
faction, that proclaimed that Angola urgently needed to make a transition to the Soviet communist model of governance. With these positions, the opposition group became one of
Agostinho Neto's fiercest critics and of his position towards a moderate transition to socialism/communism through a
302:
Afterwards, he commanded the 9th
Brigade of Mobilized Marines of the Special Forces of FAPLA, who were the elite defense forces in Luanda. He strongly contributed to the formation of class consciousness in FAPLA, creating the framework for political education in the branches of the military.
232:
would dominate the direction of the party during the height of the dispute. Large portions of the party had identified the recent and constant military defeats as having emanated from a purported "white-mestico elite", and who had identified as the main culprits Lúcio Lara, his wife
173:
He became a part of the first group of militants of the People's Armed Forces of
Liberation of Angola (EPLA; which afterwards became FAPLA), taking leadership positions and commanding detachments of the armed wing of the MPLA. He was one of the first people who identified
248:, who had already aspired to take command of the party and establish movement leaders who were entirely non-white. The rebellion gave command of the MPLA to Santos, but was put down rapidly by Agostinho Neto, who later gave amnesty to those involved, including Caetano.
259:
and hastened the decolonization of the
Portuguese colonies in Africa. On 1 August, the EPLA became FAPLA. With the creation of the new armed forces, Caetano assumed command posts in the Northern Front, which included the 1st and 2nd Military Police Regions (including
310:, with whom was his immediate superior in the 1st Military Police Region during the 1960s and 1970s, along with being from the same hometown of Dembos. Caetano became one of the leaders of an orthodox communist opposition group called the
272:
as their plane arrived. The sight of Lara had served to prepare them for when
Agostinho Neto made his first visit to Luanda after the Carnation Revolution. This visit contributed to the MPLA rapidly gaining power in Luanda.
205:
armed wing of the FNLA the Exército de Libertação Nacional de Angola (ELNA). They gave him the nickname "Monstro Imortal" (Portuguese for "Immortal Monster", given due to his almost seemingly mythical invincibility).
315:
nationalist route. Along with this, the group called for the continuance of class struggle that would take the form of debate against a purported "white-mestico" leadership and elite.
760:
369:, he married fellow militant Luísa Mateus Pereira Inglês Ferreira, who went by the codenome Luísa Pensar Primeiro. After his death, she served as a deputy for the MPLA at the
131:(FAPLA) and commander of the 9th Brigade of Mobilized Marines of the Special Forces of FAPLA. During his political career, he was a member of the Central Committee of the
318:
At the beginning of 1977, Caetano joined in on plans for a coup d'état by the Nitista faction, being one of the key figures of the conspiracy, along with Nito Alves,
338:. The following day, Alves had a separate meeting with Caetano, who would have been named as Minister of Defense in a hypothetical Fraccionist-Nitista government.
442:
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182:. From 1964 onward, he was a part of the MPLA's leadership, participating in the military/political meetings of the party in their headquarters in exile in
244:. The rebels ultimately captured Lúcio Lara, who was the number 2 of the party, in an operation carried out by Caetano, and who had covert support from
373:, with her being a member of the assembly until her death from natural causes in 2004. With Luísa, they had a daughter, Florbela Caetano. His nephew,
456:
128:
295:. With the opening of general, Caetano became one of the vice-commanders of the General State Staff of FAPLA. In November 1975, he was sent to
353:'s station. Various prominent figures in Neto's government were taken hostage. Neto, Nascimento, Lara, and Carreira, however, were not found.
162:
During the War for Independence, Caetano participated in numerous confrontation with the colonial Portuguese troops and militants from the
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first to be captured. The exact date and the circumstances of his death are not known, but he is presumed to have died in Luanda in 1977.
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Resolução n.º 51/04. Assembleia Nacional. sumário: Aprova a perda por morte do mandato da Deputada Luísa Mateus Pereira Inglês Ferreira
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neighbourhood of Luanda were signals to initiate the coup. Going by the plan, the Nitistas occupied the Cadeia de São Paulo prison and
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as an adversary of the MPLA. Due to this, he was arrested by the police of Congo-Kinshasa, but was able to escape and went to
687:
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291:(UNITA). Angola's independence was declared by the MPLA on 11 November 1975. Agostinho Neto thus became president of the
208:
During the preparations for the 1st Congress of the MPLA, he was invited to coordinate plenary sessions for the party in
163:
568:. Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias Faculdade de Ciência Política, Lusofonia e Relações Internacionais.
127:. During his military career, he was promoted to the post of general and was vice-commander of the general staff of the
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expressed his "sincere regrets" and apologized on behalf of the state after a speech in which he mentioned Caetano.
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197:. In 1966, the Cienfuegos Squadron, under his command, was able to establish itself militarily in the province of
745:
292:
201:, which became known as one of the most crucial and most successful operations by FAPLA/EPLA before the 1970s.
256:
437:
Silva, Berthler J. C. da; Domingos, Noé; Januário, João M.; Franciso, Osvaldo P.; Pedro, Samuel S.. (2023).
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began on the morning of 27 May. Shaded vehicles from the 9th Brigade and a protest of the residents of the
439:
As Principais Ideias Políticas Durante as Guerras de Libertação e Formação dos Estados Nacionais (Angola)
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220:). In 1972, he became a member of the delegation for negotiations in Kinshasa with the FNLA, along with
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He participated in reconnaissance units in the north of Angola in 1963 and in military operations in
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Angola: Ossadas de Nito Alves, “Monstro Imortal”, “Sianouk” e Ilídio Ramalhete entregues às famílias
675:
393:
400:. Florbela Caetano, his daughter, thanked the president for the act of reparations to her family.
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to receive training in 1962. While there, he also became a member of the MPLA's football team.
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119:(4 April 1941 – 1977) was an Angolan militant and politician who was a participant in the
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Mário Caetano João: De empregado de McDonald's a Ministro da Economia de Angola
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in 1965. He commanded a guerrilla squadron named after Cuban revolutionary
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Presidente angolano pede desculpas por execuções sumárias do 27 de maio
663:"A vida e o poder de José Eduardo dos Santos, o pai da Corte de Luanda"
566:
Angola: Dinâmicas Internas e Externas na Luta de Libertação (1961—1975)
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307:
505:. Vol. 3. U.S. Joint Publications Research Service. January 1975.
233:
563:
748:. Diário da República Iª Série N.º 101 - Imprensa Nacional Angola.
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On 13 June 2022, the remains of Caetano were buried in Luanda, at
135:(MPLA) and a member of the leadership of the orthodox Communist
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whom broke the barriers and went onto the runway at Luanda's
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in 1971 and for training sessions as a military official in
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After March 1975, the anti-colonial war transformed into a
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Casamento de Luísa Inglês Pereira com Jacob João Caetano
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Caetano was born on 4 April 1941 in the small town of
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Memórias de um golpe: O 27 de maio de 1977 em Angola
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União Nacional para a Independência Total de Angola
690:. Cavaleiros do Norte/BCAV. 8423. 1 February 2014.
475:Restos mortais de vítimas de conflitos sepultados
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591:Lista da delegação do MPLA para acordos com FNLA
552:Base das Pacaças (MPLA) - grupo de guerrilheiros
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564:Agostinho Alexandre Joaquim da Silva (2014).
129:People's Armed Forces of Liberation of Angola
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678:. Jornal de Angola. 9 de novembro de 2017.
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133:Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola
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306:Politically, Caetano aligned more with
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642:Inácio Luiz Guimarães Marques (2012).
676:Primeira delegação chegou há 43 anos
287:between the MPLA, the FNLA, and the
117:João Jacob "Monstro Imortal" Caetano
102:Luísa Mateus Pereira Inglês Ferreira
487:Equipa de futebol do EPLA no Mbinza
166:(FNLA). He was sent by the MPLA to
164:National Liberation Front of Angola
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651:. Universidade Federal Fluminense.
385:On 26 May 2021, Angolan president
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477:. Jornal de Angola. 14 June 2022.
381:Later declarations & reburial
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665:. Observador. 28 December 2020.
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16:Angolan militant and politician
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516:Conferência de Quadros do MPLA
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365:On 26 February 1972, while in
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763:. VOA Português. 8 June 2022.
581:. ATD. 27 de setembro de 1971
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240:, and Agostinho Neto's wife,
377:, also became a politician.
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293:People's Republic of Angola
270:Quatro de Fevereiro Airport
121:Angolan War of Independence
67:after 27 May 1977 (aged 36)
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814:People from Bengo Province
489:. ATD. Leopoldville, 1962.
371:Angolan National Assembly
330:of Neto, Lara, Carreira,
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709:Angola In The Front Line
707:Michael Wolfers (1984).
394:Alto das Cruzes cemetery
351:Rádio Nacional de Angola
255:overthrew the regime of
834:Angolan revolutionaries
246:José Eduardo dos Santos
503:Translations on Africa
320:José Jacinto Van-Dúnem
276:At the signing of the
251:On 25 April 1974, the
443:Universidade de Belas
216:(Military Academy of
137:Nitista-Fractionalist
734:Luísa Inglês Pereira
253:Carnation Revolution
312:Fraccionist-Nitista
336:Lopo do Nascimento
242:Maria Eugénia Neto
33:João Jacob Caetano
195:Camilo Cienfuegos
125:Angolan Civil War
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398:Manuel Homem
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804:1941 births
367:Brazzaville
324:Sita Valles
184:Brazzaville
79:Occupations
798:Categories
404:References
347:Sambizanga
308:Nito Alves
226:Lúcio Lara
91:politician
39:1941-04-04
451:cite book
285:civil war
234:Ruth Lara
143:Biography
139:faction.
123:and the
107:Children
88:activist
85:militant
73:, Angola
262:Cabinda
191:Cabinda
334:, and
210:Zambia
199:Luanda
153:Dembos
99:Spouse
71:Luanda
56:Angola
649:(PDF)
54:(now
457:link
341:The
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149:Piri
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