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790:. Uncompromising though they were, the Brooks proposals provided others on the committee with an opportunity to meld their thoughts together and to further develop, thus serving as the foundation for the articles of impeachment that the committee subsequently adopted. Because of the part he played in the president's downfall, Nixon later called Brooks his "executioner".
1078:
836:
Brooks was chairman of the U.S. House
Committee on Government Operations from 1975 through 1988, and of the U.S. House Committee on the Judiciary from 1989 until 1995. He also served on the Select Committee on Congressional Operations, the Joint Committee on Congressional Operations, and the
31:
426:
945:
unexpectedly lost to
Stockman, becoming the most senior representative ever to be unseated in a general election, a distinction Brooks still holds as of 2024. His tenure had extended across the administrations of 10 U.S. presidents, and he was on the verge of becoming the
1007:
and his role in "strengthening the agency during its formative years". Goldin said "Congressman Brooks took it upon himself to personally deliver support to one of the agency's key programs: the design, development, and on-orbit assembly of the
871:
companies from U.S. public works projects for one year. He said he was motivated by continuing signs that the
Japanese government "intended to blatantly discriminate against U.S. firms in awarding public works contracts". House Majority Leader
2446:
1408:"TO PASS H.R. 2516, A BILL TO ESTABLISH PENALTIES FOR INTERFERENCE WITH CIVIL RIGHTS. INTERFERENCE WITH A PERSON ENGAGED IN ONE OF THE 8 ACTIVITIES PROTECTED UNDER THIS BILL MUST BE RACIALLY MOTIVATED TO INCUR THE BILL'S PENALTIES"
424:
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611:. After his election, he sponsored a bill that would turn Lamar Junior College into a four-year university. The bill initially failed, but passed the following year. The institution is today known as
2276:
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793:
Brooks was one of eight representatives to vote in favor of all five articles of impeachment against Nixon, brought before the
Judiciary Committee. The others were also all Democrats:
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767:
One of Brooks's signature bills required competitive bidding for federal computing contracts. Initially conceived in the mid-1960s and enacted into law in 1972, the
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848:, Brooks oversaw legislation affecting budget and accounting matters, and the establishment of departments and agencies. He also helped pass the
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was the primary rule for all federal computer acquisitions for three decades, and is often cited as being a catalyst for technological advances.
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In 1988, Brooks's influence was made prominent by his unusual involvement in trade policy. He introduced a spending bill amendment that banned
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After four years in the Texas legislature, Brooks won a crowded 12-candidate
Democratic primary and then was elected to the
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1934:
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5 with his family. When he was 13 his father, a rice salesman, died and among the jobs young Brooks took on were as a
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1984:
1974:
1376:"S.J. RES. 29. CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT TO BAN THE USE OF POLL TAX AS A REQUIREMENT FOR VOTING IN FEDERAL ELECTIONS"
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996:
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887:, being among the House impeachment managers that successfully prosecuted the cases against federal judges
880:, who opposed the amendment, said Brooks "is one of the most powerful and effective chairmen in Congress."
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Brooks won re-election to the state legislature in 1948 without opposition; the following year he earned a
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1979:
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782:. In mid-July 1974 he drafted and distributed to all members of the committee a strongly-worded set of
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In 2002, Brooks was named Post
Newsweek Tech Media's "Civilian executive of the last twenty years" by
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2009:
1173:. Austin, Texas: Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, University of Texas. Archived from
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taking the presidential oath of office, November 22, 1963; Brooks is visible at right, behind
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from 1967 to 1995. He had strong political ties to other prominent Texas
Democrats, including
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In 1960, Brooks married
Charlotte Collins. They had three children: Jeb, Kate, and Kimberly.
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1685:"Center for American History Announces Acquisition of Congressman Jack Brooks Collection"
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In 1989, a statue of Brooks was placed in the quadrangle at Lamar
University in Beaumont.
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of the Texas congressional delegation, a position which he maintained for fifteen years.
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that congressional district populations had to be equal or close to equal in population.
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1300:
Badger, Tony (June 1999). "Southerners Who
Refused to Sign the Southern Manifesto".
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2014:
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Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Texas
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to Brooks at a ceremony in the John Gray Center of Lamar University. NASA Admin.
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511:
498:. For over fifteen years, he was the dean of the Texas congressional delegation.
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1956:
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In 1978, a U.S. courthouse and post office in Beaumont, Texas, were renamed the
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1691:(Press release). Austin: University of Texas. March 24, 2008. Archived from
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Brooks died at Baptist Hospital in Beaumont on December 4, 2012, at age 89.
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Subcommittee on Legislation and National Security. In 1979, he became the
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1565:"Washington Talk: Congress; A 'Fighting Marine' Battles Japan on Trade"
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539:
78:
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873:
838:
670:, Brooks showed himself to be a conservative on some issues like the
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Chairs of the United States House Committee on Oversight and Reform
902:
While chair of the House Judiciary Committee, Brooks sponsored the
857:
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Brooks (right), with his wife Charlotte Collins (left) and Speaker
530:. After completing his two years at Lamar, he transferred to the
474:
from 1953 through 1967, and then, after district boundaries were
391:
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1583:"List of Individuals Impeached by the House of Representatives"
1509:. Vol. 104, no. 6. New York, New York. August 5, 1974
1473:"The Brooks Legacy: Remembering the man who changed federal IT"
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30:
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Democratic Party members of the Texas House of Representatives
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Department of Political Science, College of Arts and Sciences
868:
571:
461:
136:
1614:"Assault Weapons Ban Allowed To Stay in Anti-crime Measure"
992:
436:, opens debate on H.R.2978, the Flag Protection Act of 1989
1028:
In 2010, the Southeast Texas Regional Airport was renamed
558:. He served for about two years on the Pacific islands of
1717:
1545:. Beaumont Texas: Lamar University. 2005. Archived from
456:(December 18, 1922 – December 4, 2012) was an American
1066:
678:, but more liberal on issues like domestic spending,
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United States Marine Corps personnel of World War II
1725:
Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
1440:McNulty, Timothy; McNulty, Brendan (May 11, 2019).
1211:"Jack Brooks, Former Texas Congressman, Dies at 89"
1639:. Arlington County, Virginia: Politico. p. 2
1171:Congressional & Political History Collections
1003:cited Brooks's long-standing support of the U.S.
2423:
1442:"The Man Richard Nixon Called His 'Executioner'"
749:
479:
469:
1422:"TO PASS H.R. 6400, THE 1965 VOTING RIGHTS ACT"
918:, a measure which eventually came to include a
1959:United States House Committee on the Judiciary
1439:
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1272:"Jack Brooks, longtime Texas politician, dies"
725:On November 22, 1963, Brooks was in President
722:, he helped to write the 1964 and 1965 bills.
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1942:
1605:
916:Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act
1021:In 2008, Brooks donated his archives to the
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1530:
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1041:, he was portrayed by actor David Friszman.
743:Lyndon B. Johnson was sworn in as president
694:in public places. Brooks voted against the
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1949:
1935:
1308:(2). Cambridge University Press: 517–534.
953:
659:A protégé of fellow Texans, House Speaker
603:, Brooks was elected in 1946 to represent
149:January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1995
99:January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1989
56:January 3, 1989 – January 3, 1995
29:
1890:as Chair of the House Oversight Committee
1689:Dolph Briscoe Center for American History
1470:
1204:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1196:
1194:
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1023:Dolph Briscoe Center for American History
780:impeachment process against Richard Nixon
522:and a newspaper reporter. He enrolled at
2492:University of Texas School of Law alumni
1651:
1631:Hooks, Christopher (December 20, 2013).
1521:
1471:McDonough, Frank A. (December 6, 2012).
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704:24th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution
578:. Afterward, he remained active in the
2424:
1612:Seelye, Katharine Q. (July 28, 1994).
1611:
1593:from the original on December 18, 2019
1587:United States House of Representatives
1299:
1208:
1189:
466:United States House of Representatives
2487:United States Marine Corps reservists
2258:
1930:
1874:House Government Operations Committee
1660:
1630:
1270:Graczyk, Michael (December 5, 2012).
1254:
1228:
1144:
1025:of the University of Texas at Austin.
922:(the inclusion of which he opposed).
778:, Brooks participated in the 1973–74
510:, on December 18, 1922, and moved to
87:House Government Operations Committee
1237:
1209:Martin, Douglas (December 5, 2012).
914:. He was also a sponsor of the 1994
594:
582:, retiring in 1972 with the rank of
211:January 1947 – January 1951
2477:United States Marine Corps colonels
1563:Johnson, Julie (January 18, 1988).
1344:"HR 6127. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1957"
1167:"Congressman Jack Brooks (D-Texas)"
589:
545:
13:
1846:Texas's 9th congressional district
1813:Texas's 2nd congressional district
1479:. McLean, Virginia. Archived from
1035:In the 2016 Oscar nominated movie
686:. In 1956, he refused to sign the
471:Texas's 2nd congressional district
14:
2508:
2442:20th-century American legislators
1711:
1661:Chang, Julie (December 5, 2012).
1240:"Jack Brooks of Texas Dies at 89"
737:. Hours later, he was present on
2467:Politicians from Beaumont, Texas
2410:
2243:
1242:. Washington, D.C.: CQ Roll Call
1238:Cahn, Emily (December 5, 2012).
1124:
1112:
1100:
1088:
1076:
748:The 2nd was redistricted as the
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422:
390:
373:
355:
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1624:
1575:
1556:
1495:
1464:
1414:
1400:
937:. However, two years later, in
904:Americans with Disabilities Act
846:Government Operations Committee
308:
16:American politician (1922–2012)
2497:20th-century Texas politicians
2472:People from Crowley, Louisiana
1773:Texas House of Representatives
1758:Texas House of Representatives
1386:
1368:
1354:
1336:
1293:
925:Brooks won re-election in the
624:University of Texas Law School
609:Texas House of Representatives
197:Texas House of Representatives
1:
2462:Military personnel from Texas
1841:U.S. House of Representatives
1808:U.S. House of Representatives
1791:U.S. House of Representatives
1503:"The Fateful Vote to Impeach"
854:General Accounting Office Act
650:U.S. House of Representatives
532:University of Texas at Austin
501:
460:politician from the state of
331:University of Texas at Austin
132:U.S. House of Representatives
1663:"Jack Brooks legacy in SETX"
1057:Gun law in the United States
1030:Jack Brooks Regional Airport
972:Jack Brooks Federal Building
929:, comfortably defeating his
702:, but voted in favor of the
7:
1720:"Jack Brooks (id: B000880)"
1633:"Steve Stockman Can't Lose"
1477:FCW (Federal Computer Week)
1045:
1010:International Space Station
997:Distinguished Service Medal
464:who served 42 years in the
438:Recorded September 12, 1989
10:
2513:
985:is named Jack Brooks Park.
526:in 1939 after receiving a
381:United States Marine Corps
2408:
2292:
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1965:
1915:
1909:House Judiciary Committee
1905:
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1536:"Jack Brooks (biography)"
1314:10.1017/S0018246X98008346
1017:Government Computer News.
908:Omnibus Crime Control Act
885:House impeachment manager
883:Brooks served twice as a
776:House Judiciary Committee
720:House Judiciary Committee
716:Voting Rights Act of 1965
708:Civil Rights Acts of 1964
696:Civil Rights Acts of 1957
534:, from which he earned a
468:, initially representing
447:
434:House Judiciary Committee
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84:
72:
60:
49:
44:House Judiciary Committee
41:
37:
28:
21:
1718:United States Congress.
950:had he won a 22nd term.
912:Civil Rights Act of 1991
735:Kennedy was assassinated
574:, attaining the rank of
432:Brooks, as chair of the
2452:Lamar University alumni
954:Personal life and death
550:Brooks enlisted in the
1302:The Historical Journal
948:dean of the U.S. House
920:ban on assault weapons
833:
645:
1665:. Beaumont Enterprise
1452:on September 28, 2020
965:Legacies and tributes
850:Inspector General Act
844:As the leader of the
827:
718:. As a member of the
637:
124:(Oversight Committee)
1866:Chester E. Holifield
1394:"H.R. 7152. PASSAGE"
1276:The Washington Times
1138:Notes and references
580:Marine Corps Reserve
524:Lamar Junior College
486:Speaker of the House
110:Chester E. Holifield
1776:from District 16-1
858:Paper Reduction Act
774:As a member of the
761:Wesberry v. Sanders
754:in 1966, after the
506:Brooks was born in
418:Jack Brooks's voice
1738:2013-11-04 at the
1733:The LBJ Foundation
1618:The New York Times
1569:The New York Times
1552:on April 14, 2008.
1362:"HR 8601. PASSAGE"
1215:The New York Times
1032:in Brooks's honor.
897:impeachment trials
834:
815:Elizabeth Holtzman
795:Robert Kastenmeier
692:racial integration
688:Southern Manifesto
646:
508:Crowley, Louisiana
454:Jack Bascom Brooks
262:Crowley, Louisiana
249:Jack Bascom Brooks
200:from District 16-1
2419:
2418:
2252:
2251:
1925:
1924:
1916:Succeeded by
1893:
1881:Succeeded by
1853:Succeeded by
1820:Succeeded by
1782:Succeeded by
1637:Politico Magazine
1483:on August 4, 2021
1052:Politics of Texas
910:of 1991, and the
860:of 1980, and the
668:Lyndon B. Johnson
639:Lyndon B. Johnson
595:Texas legislature
552:U.S. Marine Corps
496:Lyndon B. Johnson
451:
450:
427:
301:Charlotte Collins
259:December 18, 1922
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2414:
2279:
2272:
2265:
2256:
2255:
2247:
1951:
1944:
1937:
1928:
1927:
1898:Preceded by
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1863:Preceded by
1830:Preceded by
1797:Preceded by
1764:Preceded by
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1448:. Archived from
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1177:on March 4, 2016
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979:Galveston County
862:Single Audit Act
819:Edward Mezvinsky
753:
729:'s motorcade in
613:Lamar University
605:Jefferson County
590:Political career
576:first lieutenant
546:Military service
536:Bachelor of Arts
517:
483:
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458:Democratic Party
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346:Military service
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272:December 4, 2012
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240:Personal details
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1901:Peter W. Rodino
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1740:Wayback Machine
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1695:on June 6, 2010
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727:John F. Kennedy
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570:, and in North
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512:Beaumont, Texas
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286:Political party
279:Beaumont, Texas
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733:at the time
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684:civil rights
665:U.S. Senator
658:
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556:World War II
549:
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481:9th district
453:
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406:World War II
402:Battles/wars
274:(2012-12-04)
231:William Ross
227:Succeeded by
206:
187:9th district
182:2nd district
178:Constituency
167:Succeeded by
144:
122:John Conyers
117:Succeeded by
94:
74:Succeeded by
51:
2437:2012 deaths
2432:1922 births
1745:Appearances
1643:December 1,
1597:January 15,
1513:December 1,
1487:December 1,
1456:December 1,
1380:GovTrack.us
1348:GovTrack.us
1285:December 1,
1246:December 1,
1220:December 1,
1181:December 1,
830:Carl Albert
799:Don Edwards
788:impeachment
676:gun control
661:Sam Rayburn
599:A lifelong
560:Guadalcanal
528:scholarship
489:Sam Rayburn
217:Preceded by
189:(1967–1995)
184:(1953–1967)
155:Preceded by
105:Preceded by
62:Preceded by
23:Jack Brooks
2426:Categories
2297:Williamson
1919:Henry Hyde
1913:1989–1995
1878:1975–1989
1850:1967–1995
1823:John Dowdy
1817:1953–1967
1779:1947–1951
931:Republican
878:Washington
769:Brooks Act
714:, and the
620:law degree
540:journalism
502:Early life
351:Allegiance
290:Democratic
255:1922-12-18
79:Henry Hyde
2337:Holifield
2225:Goodlatte
2130:Henderson
2125:Culberson
2115:Culberson
2060:McLanahan
2015:Beardsley
1699:March 28,
1330:145083004
1083:Biography
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983:Hitchcock
943:incumbent
933:opponent
874:Tom Foley
864:of 1984.
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542:in 1943.
493:President
327:Education
207:In office
145:In office
95:In office
52:In office
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2382:Chaffetz
2175:Michener
2160:Volstead
2055:Thompson
2040:Saunders
2025:Sergeant
2000:Buchanan
1980:Sergeant
1736:Archived
1591:Archived
1446:Politico
1119:Politics
1046:See also
981:park in
869:Japanese
784:articles
601:Democrat
514:, at age
319:Children
2397:Maloney
2352:Clinger
2347:Conyers
2327:Hoffman
2317:Hoffman
2312:Manasco
2307:O'Leary
2302:Cochran
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2185:C. Reed
2170:Sumners
2150:Clayton
2140:Jenkins
2105:T. Reed
2090:Bingham
2080:Hickman
2075:Houston
2070:Simmons
2065:Stanton
2045:Rathbun
2035:Wilkins
2030:Barnard
1995:Barbour
1990:Webster
1322:3020998
1069:Portals
652:in the
607:in the
584:colonel
568:Okinawa
554:during
476:redrawn
396:Colonel
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305:
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2357:Burton
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2322:Dawson
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2200:Brooks
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2190:Celler
2180:Celler
2165:Graham
2145:Parker
2120:Taylor
2110:Tucker
2095:Butler
2085:Wilson
2020:Thomas
2010:Foster
1985:Nelson
1975:Nelson
1749:C-SPAN
1328:
1320:
1062:Rex 84
1038:Jackie
731:Dallas
706:, the
682:, and
566:, and
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296:Spouse
281:, U.S.
264:, U.S.
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2220:Smith
2100:Knott
2005:Davis
1844:from
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1318:JSTOR
1107:Texas
741:when
680:labor
572:China
462:Texas
307:(
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135:from
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2205:Hyde
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1701:2008
1671:2013
1645:2019
1599:2020
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1489:2019
1458:2019
1287:2019
1248:2019
1222:2019
1183:2019
993:NASA
939:1994
891:and
817:and
712:1968
710:and
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564:Guam
491:and
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