555:. The B version contains 150 lines not matched in A, while A has 24 lines not in B. However, there is nothing to distinguish the additional material in B from the rest of the poem, so the additions cannot be seen as later interpolations by a different hand. All in all, these circumstances indicate that A and B cannot have come from a common archetype. Also, neither A nor B can be understood as the descendant of a unique primary manuscript (and therefore the source of the other).Rather, they represent distinct versions of the story.
175:. After he misses the deadline to return to her, he is rejected by Laudine in front of the Arthurian court. Dishonoured, he descends into madness and goes off into the wilderness. There he is healed by a lady with a magic ointment and has further encounters which allow him to show true heroism. These include helping a lion which is being attacked by a dragon, the lion then becoming his companion. Eventually, his honour restored, he regains Laudine's favour.
354:
380:, the confidante of the mistress of the castle, Laudine, does Iwein succeed in escaping the castle guards. Out of thankfulness for earlier assistance at the court of Arthur he receives from Lunete a ring which makes him invisible. The dead Askalon is mourned by his beautiful wife Laudine. Iwein sees the castle-mistress through a window and becomes inflamed with love (Minne) for her.
478:
accusers undergo the same punishment that was intended for her: they are burned at the stake. Laudine, who does not recognize the Knight of the Lion in his new identity, learns during this episode that the knight has lost the favour of a lady, and condemns it—unaware that she herself is the lady.
493:
Although Iwein has gained great honour, he is sure that he will die of a broken heart. Once more in the guise of the Knight of the Lion, he returns to
Laudine's court. However, he wins her back only after a comic intrigue on the part of Lunete: Laudine swears an oath to aid the Knight of the Lion who
481:
Since their relationship is still unresolved, Iwein again leaves
Laudine. He then undertakes to defend the younger daughter of the Count of the Black Thorn in a conflict with her sister concerning their inheritance. With the girl, Iwein sets out for Castle Maladventure, where he must fight two giants
449:
in the woods. His only social attachment is a silent exchange agreement with a hermit. Only through the help of the Lady of
Narison and her companion, who treat his madness with a fairy-salve, can Iwein return to proper consciousness. His earlier identity as a knight seems to him as a dream. He must
383:
The wounds of the dead man begin to bleed again, due to the presence of the killer, and thus a burlesque search for the invisible man begins. Once again Lunete solves the paradoxical situation and convinces
Laudine that the victor over Askalon would be a worthy successor as husband, Lord of the land
485:
After that, he rides with his companion to King Arthur's court, where a trial by combat is decreed. Iwein's friend, the exemplary
Arthurian knight Sir Gawain, has declared himself the champion of the other sister. Without either knowing who the other is, Gawain and Iwein fight; neither is able to
477:
Immediately thereafter, however, he also commits himself to assisting his host in the fight against the giant Harpin the following morning. With the lion's help, he is able to overcome this scheduling conflict by defeating the giant in time to also be able to successfully fight for Lunete. Her
372:
The unsuccessful adventure of the
Arthurian knight Kalogrenant gives the court of Arthur a legitimate challenge - that of avenging the dishonour. Iwein, who as a relation of Kalogrenant's is doubly hit by the scandal, rides ahead of a procession of the entire court and heads secretly into the
43:
458:
Iwein frees the land of the Lady of
Narison from Count Aliers, who has asserted a claim to it. The lady and the people wish him to become their sovereign, but he does not want this and hurries away. In the course of the story, he twice more rejects a marriage out of loyalty to Laudine.
423:. Laudine extracts from Iwein a promise to return after a year and a day. This timeframe implies a legally effective deadline after which his claims against possible usurpers would have lapsed. (This knowledge is left to the reader, and is not made explicit in the text).
373:
Well-Kingdom. The adventure repeats itself, but with deadly consequences for
Askalon. Iwein chases the mortally wounded, fleeing Askalon into his castle. The falling portcullis cuts Iwein's horse in two; though he himself remains uninjured, he is sealed in the gatehouse.
465:
Chance brings him back to the spring, where the memory of his loss causes him to faint and fall from his horse. Iwein is on the verge of losing his mind again. Then he finds Lunete at the spring; because of her role in the marriage and Iwein's faithlessness
384:
and protector of the fountain. In a comedic enactment (as all the parties are already aware of the intentions of the other) Iwein and
Laudine come together under the mediation of Lunete. Soon thereafter the wedding is celebrated.
494:
watered the stone at the spring in regaining his lady's favour. With that she must forgive Iwein, who expresses his deep regret and promises never again to risk losing her favour. The two renew their marriage and their love.
345:
festivities are taking place at the
Arthurian court. The knight Kalogrenant tells of an adventure in which he visited a spring in the wilderness and was defeated by the knight who defended the spring.
490:
to the older sister, which causes her to betray herself, and grants the younger sister's claim. Iwein then reveals his identity and is joyfully welcomed back to the fellowship of the Round Table.
391:, the exemplarily resentful knight of the court of Arthur. The entire court now celebrate the marriage of Iwein and Laudine. Thereby the plot arrives at a temporary ending - as well as the
313:. The additional material, apart from the inevitable increase involved with translation, represents, in particular, Hartmann's different approach to the relationship of Laudine and Lunete.
1212:
Klein, Thomas (1988). "Ermittlung, Darstellung und Deutung von Verbreitungstypen in der HandschriftenĂĽberlieferung mittelhochdeutscher Epik". In Honemann, Volker; Palmer, Nigel F. (eds.).
181:
was recognized by contemporaries and later generations alike as a masterpiece and a classic. Its enduring popularity is attested both by the large number of manuscripts from the whole
1298:
Müller, Stephan (2020). "Spontane Solitäre. Eine Skizze zum Profil der frühen Überlieferung von 'Erec' und 'Iwein'". In Egidi, Margreth; Greulich, Markus; Masse, Marie-Sophie (eds.).
1497:
437:
Iwein gives himself up to the excitement of tournaments and notices only too late that he had already missed the pre-appointed deadline by six weeks. Lunete sues him before the
486:
seal the victory. Only after darkness has fallen and the battle has been discontinued until the following day do they recognize each other while talking. King Arthur poses a
441:
for betrayal and takes the ring from him. All his honour is lost in Arthur's court and Laudine breaks off all connections with him. Thus Iwein loses his identity. Gripped by
551:
Even though MSS A and B are both relatively early, there are major differences between them, both in the wording of individual lines and in the treatment of the material in
171:
The poem tells how Iwein embarks on an adventure which culminates in marriage to the lady Laudine. But he is then persuaded to leave her for a year to pursue success in
309:
As the themes of the courtly romance were by this time familiar to his German listeners, Hartmann no longer needed lengthy explanatory digressions such as are found in
1628:
243:
show a markedly different poetic character from the subsequent text, and that this indicates two distinct phases in the poem's composition, with
387:
Then the court of Arthur arrives at the source, and Iwein must try out his role as fountain-protector for the first time. This succeeds against
462:
Iwein rescues a lion from a dragon. From now on, the lion remains faithfully at his side, giving Iwein a new identity, the Knight of the Lion.
513:). The two oldest complete manuscripts both date from the second quarter of the 13th century, reasonably close to the date of composition.
1106:
Die vier Fassungen der 'Nibelungenklage'. Untersuchungen zur Überlieferungsgeschichte und Textkritik der höfischen Epik im 13. Jahrhundert
505:
is preserved in 15 complete and 17 fragmentary manuscripts, making it one of the mostly widely read texts of the genre (surpassed only by
567:
is seen not only in the rich manuscript tradition but also in its influence on later writers and its reflection in domestic decoration.
1504:
1603:
1277:
Meyer, Evelyn (2011). "Manuscripts vs. Edition: The Multiple Endings of Hartmann von Aue's Iwein and their Gender Implications".
1618:
388:
1315:
674:
334:, since his fame is ever-lasting. The author is then introduced, in the third person, as a learned knight who writes poetry.
357:
Two scenes from the Iwein frescoes at Schloss Rodenegg: The stone on the spring is watered (left), and the Woodsman (right).
1613:
650:. Bibliothek des Mittelalters. Vol. 6. Translated by Mertens, Volker. Frankfurt am Main: Deutscher Klassiker Verlag.
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1267:
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745:
740:. Translated by Lawson, Richard H. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press. 2001. pp. 235–321.
726:
707:
655:
636:
474:, and the deadline is the following day. Iwein acknowledges his guilt and assures Lunete that he will fight for her.
1258:
Mertens, Volker (2021). "Rezeption und Kontinuität: Die Nachwirkung von Hartmanns Werk". In Kropik, Cordula (ed.).
1389:
Schmid, Elisabeth (2010). "Chrétiens ‚Yvain' und Hartmanns ‚Iwein'". In Pérennec, Réne; Schmid, Elisabeth (eds.).
686:
214:: he contrasts the faithfulness of Sigûne to her dead suitor Schianatulander with Lûnete's advice to Laudine in
200:
is generally regarded as the last of Hartmann's works. It must already have been well known to the audience for
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518:
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that he undergoes a crisis of identity, and the poem borrows some 370 lines of verse from Hartmann's work.
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Iwein der Löwenritter: Ein romanischer Bilderzyklus auf Schloss Rodenegg (Südtirol) im Lichte alter Mythen
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it is stated that Iwein and Laudine have swapped their hearts, which will lead to momentous consequences.
276:
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Hartmann von Aue 1230–1517. Kulturgeschichtliche Perspektiven der handschriftlichen Überlieferung
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area over three centuries and by the depiction of scenes from the poem in a number of
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1333:
Rushing, James (1992). "Iwein as Slave of Woman: The 'Maltererteppich' in Freiburg".
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631:. Translated by Cramer, Thomas (4th revised ed.). Berlin, New York: de Gruyter.
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as an example, Iwein leaves Laudine shortly after the wedding, and goes in search of
365:
celebration at the court of Arthur, the epitome of courtly festivities. While there,
255:
544:
The poem continued to be copied until the 16th century, when it was included in the
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Arthurian Romances, Tales, and Lyric Poetry: The Complete Works of Hartmann von Aue
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in order to free three hundred noble ladies who are held captive in a workhouse.
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470:), she has been sentenced to death. The only means of proving her innocence is
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introduces King Arthur as an example to emulate in the search for honour in
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Cormeau C (1989). "Hartmann von Aue". In Ruh K, Keil G, Schröder W (eds.).
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702:. Translated by Thomas, J.W. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska. 1979.
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must have been completed after 1203, this is often given as a date for
142:
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1127:. Vol. 3. Berlin, New York: Walter De Gruyter. Cols. 514–519.
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1262:. UTB. Vol. 5562. TĂĽbingen: Narr Francke Attempto. Chap. 13.
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of victory Iwein has, unlooked for, achieved a wife and Lordship.
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Hartmann von Aue: Eine literaturwissenschaftliche EinfĂĽhrung
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Hartmann von Aue: Eine literaturwissenschaftliche EinfĂĽhrung
1214:
Deutsche Handschriften 1100 - 1400: Oxforder Kolloquium 1985
1175:"Gesamtverzeichnis Autoren/Werke: Hartmann von Aue: 'Iwein'"
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1420:(7th ed.). Stuttgart: J. B. Metzler. pp. 66–87.
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cycle at Castle Rodenegg: Iwein fights Aschelon (Askalon).
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A: Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, Cod. Pal. germ. 397
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Die deutsche Literatur des Mittelalters. Verfasserlexikon
963:
721:. Translated by McConeghy, Patrick M. New York: Garland.
284:, which was written 1177–1181. In contrast to his rather
1243:. UTB. Vol. 5562. TĂĽbingen: Narr Francke Attempto.
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recognise that he no longer belongs to courtly society
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The painful parting of the lovers is characterised by
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627:
Benecke, G.F.; Lachmann, K.; Wolff, L., eds. (2001).
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626:
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was completed around the start of the 13th century.
669:. Translated by Krohn, RĂĽdiger. Stuttgart: Reclam.
298:remains much closer to the French original, though
1366:. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
337:
239:It has been argued that the first 1,000 lines of
1590:
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445:he rips the clothes from his body and becomes a
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759:. German Romance. Vol. III. Translated by
591:in view of the unfinished nature of Chrétien's
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930:
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168:, and is generally taken to be his last work.
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1498:
1364:Images of Adventure. Ywain in the Visual Arts
1152:Gibbs, Marion; Johnson, Sidney, eds. (2002).
1143:Cormeau, Christoph; Störmer, Wilhelm (1985).
16:Arthurian romance written by Hartmann von Aue
1279:Amsterdamer Beiträge zur älteren Germanistik
1216:. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer. pp. 110–167.
1151:
843:
579:, likely completed less than a decade after
262:In any case, it seems safe to conclude that
1629:Poetry based on works by Chrétien de Troyes
369:hears the story of the Knight Kalogrenant.
1505:
1491:
1393:. New York: de Gruyter. pp. 135–168.
1391:Germania Litteraria Mediaevalis Francigena
775:Edition based on MS B, with parallel text.
274:Hartmann's source was the Old French epic
41:
1415:
1145:Hartmann von Aue. Epoche - Werk - Wirkung
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891:
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430:. In a dialogue between the narrator and
1478:Links to facsimiles of other manuscripts
1089:. Innsbruck: Universitätsverlag Wagner.
583:, includes several direct references to
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1361:
1332:
1257:
1155:Medieval German Literature: A Companion
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667:Iwein. Mittelhochdeutsch/Neuhochdeutsch
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1446:at the Hartmann von Aue Knowledgebase
1302:. Stuttgart: Hirzel. pp. 25–40.
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685:For details of earlier editions, see
681:With commentary by Mireille Schnyder.
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1473:B:Gießen, Universitätsbibl., Hs. 97
648:Gregorius, Der arme Heinrich, Iwein
348:
13:
717:McConeghy, Patrick M, ed. (1984).
519:Heidelberg, Universitätsbibliothek
162:. It was written after Hartmann's
14:
1645:
1435:
757:Iwein or The Knight with the Lion
1108:. Berlin, New York: de Gruyter.
1335:Zeitschrift fĂĽr Kunstgeschichte
1158:. New York, London: Routledge.
700:Iwein: The Knight with the Lion
534:Giessen, Universitätsbibliothek
338:Kalogrenant's tale (ll. 31–944)
218:to marry her husband's killer (
150:, it tells the story of Iwein (
1604:Arthurian literature in German
1455:Comprehensive list of editions
1:
1619:Middle High German literature
1461:
1239:Kropik, Cordula, ed. (2021).
1057:
646:Mertens, Volker, ed. (2004).
607:
399:Iwein's breakdown and madness
147:Yvain, the Knight of the Lion
60:
755:Edwards, Cyril, ed. (2007).
665:Krohn, RĂĽdiger, ed. (2011).
558:
403:On the urging of his friend
294:, Hartmann's translation of
7:
1614:Fiction about mental health
620:
306:by 1351 lines, around 20%.
302:is nonetheless longer than
277:Yvain, le Chevalier au Lion
10:
1650:
1362:Rushing, James A. (1995).
1072:. University of Strasbourg
931:Cormeau & Störmer 1985
868:Cormeau & Störmer 1985
820:Cormeau & Störmer 1985
796:Cormeau & Störmer 1985
269:
230:, though strictly it is a
133:, written around 1200. An
1624:Works by Hartmann von Aue
1560:
1521:
1416:Wapnewski, Peter (1979).
1399:10.1515/9783110228885.135
1291:10.1163/9789401207003_007
1222:10.1515/9783110941456.110
1085:Ackermann, Horst (2014).
763:. Cambridge: D.S.Brewer.
575:Wolfram von Eschenbach's
192:
137:tale freely adapted from
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40:
30:
23:
844:Gibbs & Johnson 2002
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411:(long-term idleness) of
361:The story begins with a
247:possibly started before
1104:Bumke, Joachim (1996).
719:Hartmann von Aue. Iwein
316:
613:), has in common with
507:Wolfram von Eschenbach
376:Only with the help of
358:
94:German courtly romance
1609:Medieval German poems
1372:10.9783/9781512809459
1308:10.3813/9783777628967
1173:Handschriftencensus.
356:
222:, ll.1815ff.). Since
858:, pp. xvi–xvii.
693:English Translations
600:Wirnt von Grafenberg
595:, Wolfram's source.
498:Manuscript tradition
1179:Handschriftencensus
1026:, pp. 961–962.
958:Handschriftencensus
846:, pp. 143–144.
546:Ambraser Heldenbuch
322:Prologue (ll. 1–30)
1139:With bibliography.
571:Literary influence
563:The popularity of
359:
282:Chrétien de Troyes
233:terminus ante quem
139:Chrétien de Troyes
124:Middle High German
74:Middle High German
1586:
1585:
1569:Der arme Heinrich
1544:Der arme Heinrich
1317:978-3-7776-2639-0
1066:"Iwein-Rezeption"
1064:Andersen, Peter.
1014:, pp. 33–42.
676:978-3-15-010798-0
454:Second plot cycle
256:Der arme Heinrich
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569:
560:
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523:Central German
499:
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488:trick question
455:
452:
400:
397:
350:
347:
339:
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323:
320:
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291:Erec and Enide
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194:
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113:
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105:
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97:
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38:
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28:
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15:
9:
6:
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2:
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1381:9781512809459
1377:
1373:
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1341:(1): 124–35.
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1165:0-203-90660-8
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1134:3-11-008778-2
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1111:
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945:, p. 66.
944:
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927:
925:
917:
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905:
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894:, p. 27.
893:
888:
882:, p. 18.
881:
876:
870:, p. 30.
869:
864:
857:
852:
845:
840:
833:
828:
822:, p. 19.
821:
816:
810:, p. 64.
809:
804:
798:, p. 32.
797:
792:
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772:
766:
762:
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749:
747:0-271-02111-X
743:
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728:0-8240-9415-8
724:
720:
715:
711:
709:0-8032-7331-2
705:
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697:
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690:
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672:
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657:3-618-66065-0
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638:3-11-016084-6
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428:Minneharmonie
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127:verse romance
125:
121:
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88:
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78:
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72:
68:
59:
55:
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44:
39:
35:
29:
22:
19:
1575:
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1417:
1390:
1363:
1338:
1334:
1299:
1282:
1278:
1259:
1240:
1213:
1201:. Retrieved
1197:
1182:. Retrieved
1178:
1154:
1144:
1124:
1105:
1086:
1074:. Retrieved
1069:
1043:
1036:Mertens 2004
1031:
1024:Mertens 2004
1019:
1007:
1000:Cormeau 1989
995:
938:
911:
904:Mertens 2004
899:
887:
875:
863:
856:Edwards 2007
851:
839:
832:Cormeau 1989
827:
815:
803:
756:
737:
718:
699:
684:
666:
647:
628:
614:
603:
598:The hero of
597:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
574:
564:
562:
552:
550:
543:
538:Upper German
502:
501:
492:
484:
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476:
467:
464:
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457:
436:
427:
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420:
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341:
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286:free version
275:
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163:
145:
129:by the poet
118:
117:
116:
48:
18:
1599:1200s books
1203:22 December
1184:14 December
1076:28 December
1002:, col. 514.
973:Kropik 2021
916:Schmid 2010
834:, col. 518.
611: 1210
521:, Cpg 397,
439:Round Table
417:Tournaments
183:High German
173:tournaments
160:Round Table
156:King Arthur
64: 1203
1593:Categories
1462:Facsimiles
1285:: 97–141.
1058:References
1012:Bumke 1996
988:Klein 1988
975:, 2.2.2.1.
536:, Hs. 97,
527:Low German
143:Old French
80:Subject(s)
1537:Gregorius
1513:Works by
1457:(to 2019)
1326:252450668
736:"Iwein".
559:Reception
548:of 1517.
432:Lady Love
421:âventiure
250:Gregorius
135:Arthurian
111:8166/8266
1634:Wild men
1522:Romances
1048:Andersen
621:Editions
604:Wigalois
593:Perceval
589:Parzival
577:Parzival
511:Parzival
468:untriuwe
447:wild man
409:verligen
332:chivalry
328:prologue
224:Parzival
207:Parzival
90:Genre(s)
70:Language
1572:(opera)
1561:Related
1355:1482603
443:madness
363:Whitsun
343:Whitsun
270:Sources
202:Wolfram
187:frescos
57:Written
1424:
1405:
1378:
1353:
1324:
1314:
1266:
1247:
1228:
1162:
1131:
1112:
1093:
767:
744:
725:
706:
673:
654:
635:
532:MS B:
517:MS A:
405:Gawain
378:Lunete
193:Dating
1551:Iwein
1443:Iwein
1351:JSTOR
1322:S2CID
780:Notes
629:Iwein
615:Iwein
585:Iwein
581:Iwein
565:Iwein
553:Yvain
503:Iwein
367:Iwein
304:Yvain
300:Iwein
296:Iwein
264:Iwein
245:Iwein
241:Iwein
228:Iwein
220:Iwein
216:Iwein
212:Iwein
198:Iwein
179:Iwein
152:Yvain
122:is a
119:Iwein
108:Lines
49:Iwein
25:Iwein
1530:Erec
1422:ISBN
1403:ISBN
1376:ISBN
1312:ISBN
1264:ISBN
1245:ISBN
1226:ISBN
1205:2022
1186:2022
1160:ISBN
1129:ISBN
1110:ISBN
1091:ISBN
1078:2022
765:ISBN
742:ISBN
723:ISBN
704:ISBN
671:ISBN
652:ISBN
633:ISBN
419:and
413:Erec
389:Keie
317:Plot
311:Erec
253:and
165:Erec
100:Form
1395:doi
1368:doi
1343:doi
1304:doi
1287:doi
1218:doi
606:, (
602:'s
509:'s
393:ĂŞre
288:of
280:by
204:'s
158:'s
32:by
1595::
1401:.
1374:.
1349:.
1339:55
1337:.
1320:.
1310:.
1283:67
1281:.
1224:.
1196:.
1177:.
1068:.
980:^
965:^
950:^
923:^
788:^
689:.
608:c.
326:A
259:.
236:.
189:.
141:'
61:c.
1506:e
1499:t
1492:v
1430:.
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1397::
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1370::
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1345::
1328:.
1306::
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1289::
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1234:.
1220::
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1188:.
1168:.
1137:.
1118:.
1099:.
1080:.
1050:.
960:.
773:.
750:.
731:.
712:.
679:.
660:.
641:.
540:.
529:.
525:-
466:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
