1050:, led the anti-Silayev faction in the Russian SFSR Council of Ministers and managed to oust him on 26 September 1991; Lobov succeeded him as acting Premier of the Russian SFSR. Silayev, as overseer of the economy, was given the task of initiating economic reforms in the Soviet Union in a way that suited both the central government and the Soviet republics. Silayev tried to maintain an integrated economy while initiating the marketisation of the economy. On 19 December 1991, Yeltsin declared the COMSE committee, which served as the Soviet Union's last government, dissolved, and Silayev retired from his post, one day after he had been appointed to his new position as a diplomat for Russia. The legality of the dissolution was unclear, as Gorbachev had not concurred with it, and so most members remained in office and continued their work. Оn 25 December 1991, Gorbachev announced his resignation from the post of President of the USSR in connection with the creation of the
76:
1023:(IEC), which was better thought to work between the different member republics, as its function was to coordinate economic policy across the Soviet Union, and was created by law on 5 September, but members were not immediately selected. Silayev finally also became IEC's chairman on 20 September (while other members were different from COMSE), formally strengthening his position in the union, but he presided over a quickly disintegrating Soviet Union and was dismissed as Russian Premier only a few days later. Further disintegration of the USSR, with several republics becoming independent states, led to the transformation of the IEC into the
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553:
1046:. As he, however, saw Yeltsin's rapid actions to undermine the institutions of the Soviet Union, his view changed and he demanded that Yeltsin give back much of the authority of the central government which he had usurped following the August Coup. In this he failed, and his position as Russian SFSR Premier was severely weakened as a result, with him being replaced only a month after his accession to the Soviet premiership. Oleg Lobov, Silayev's
1867:
647:'s policies, he opposed the secessionist policies of Yeltsin, which led to the disintegration of the Soviet Union, during his concurrent tenure as Soviet Premier, which he overtook in August 1991. Therefore, a month later, he was removed from the post of Prime Minister of the Russian SFSR and was replaced by acting Prime Minister
1034:
on 14 November, which was to coordinate relations between the union republics and the republics that seceded from the USSR. Silayev remained chairman of the new IEC and was considered "Prime
Minister of the Economic Community", although the office and the community had no future, with the dissolution
941:
of the central government; he called the plan "a statement of intents"; instead of an economic reform, he called it a "manifesto". A Supreme Soviet deputy noted the proposed reform lacked real statistical insight. Even so, the proposed reform received a majority in a
Supreme Soviet vote; Yeltsin's
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system of electing cabinet members by electing members using an "objective" and "scientific" basis. To accomplish this, Silayev asked professional psychologists to interview candidate cabinet members. Only 14 of the 200 cabinet candidates were recommended for a post in the government cabinet; even
828:
In the first round of voting, Silayev earned 119 votes, while
Bocharov earned 86 votes. To be elected to the post, a candidate needed to win over half of the vote; neither Silayev nor Bocharov succeeded in this. Seeing that Silayev was Yeltsin's favourite, and had won more votes than Bocharov,
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Silayev repeatedly opined that if he ever was given conflicting instructions by the
Premier of the Soviet Union and Yeltsin, he would always "observe the laws of the RSFSR", meaning he would obey Yeltsin. During his tenure as Premier, Silayev was never the
892:
resigned on 5 December 1990, and accused the First Deputy
Premiers of taking important financial decisions on behalf of the ministry and him as minister behind his back. Lobov, the First Deputy Premier in charge of regional development, had become a
928:
entrusted
Silayev and his government to create a new plan for economic reform. The plan was finished in April 1991, and was referred to as the "Yeltsin–Silayev Plan". The plan was heavily influenced by the 500 Days Programme, and supported
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Silayev ran unchallenged in the second election round, and was thus elected by 15 June a large margin. On June 18, the
Congress of People's Deputies of the RSFSR approved the appointment of Silayev as Prime Minister.
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leader of the cabinet. Lobov was
Yeltsin's favourite, and tried to weaken Silayev's position within the cabinet. With the consent of the Supreme Soviet Silayev established a 16-member Presidium for the cabinet.
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825:, and subsidies to unprofitable enterprises would cease in a 100 Days reform package. Silayev did not have any similar economic reform plans but was widely considered to be Yeltsin's favourite for the post.
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1643:"Председателем Межгосударственного экономического комитета – премьер-министром сообщества 14 ноября на заседании Государственного совета избран Иван Силаев – 15 ноября 1991 г. – Ельцин Центр"
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946:. Following the July presidential election, the Russian government resigned, and the post of premier was once again up for election. Silayev had strong competitors for the post, such as
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in 1995. From 1998, he was
President of Industrial Machine, an industrial and financial group; he simultaneously headed the National Committee, which promotes economic cooperation with
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972:. Silayev was one of several leading Russian SFSR politicians who flew to Gorbachev's summer house in the immediate aftermath of the failed coup. On 24 August, the Russian SFSR
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817:, and Silayev were chosen as the candidates. Ryzhkov withdrew his candidacy before the first round of voting was finished. During the election, Bocharov revealed his radical
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921:, told the press that the only employee of his ministry was in fact himself. In July 1990, Silayev agreed to create parallel executive-legislative administrative bodies.
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794:(RSFSR), literally Premier of the Russian SFSR, was not considered a very important event; the Premier was elected following the election of the chairman of the
200:
1962:
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so, several of the candidates were given a post in the new government. All candidate members were selected by either
Silayev, Yeltsin, or the Supreme Soviet.
643:, which he had been appointed to in June of that year. There he faced several cabinet difficulties during his tenure, and while he supported the majority of
662:, when no new cabinet could be formed and the new economic committee, chaired by him since 24 August, was granted the authority of the cabinet. After the
976:
issued a decree transferring central government authority over economic and communications ministries to the RSFSR Government, and took control of the
1082:(CIS), which consisted of more than a hundred civilian and military enterprises and associations, mostly of Russian origin. He became a member of the
909:. To accomplish this, the Supreme Soviet established duplicated entities, such as the Committee for Mass Media, which duplicated the functions of the
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archives. With the central government's authority greatly weakened, Gorbachev established a four-man committee, led by Silayev, that included
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from 14 January to 28 August 1991, had gathered together enough information on the errors and omissions of Silayev to weaken his position as
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On 28 August 1991, a Supreme Soviet temporarily gave the COMSE the same authority as the Cabinet of Ministers, and Silayev became the
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Silayev's government lacked ideological unity, and several conservative members were elected to the cabinet in July 1990, among them
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806:, the chairman of the Russian SFSR Supreme Soviet, was ordered to select candidates for the post of Premier to the Supreme Soviet.
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885:. However, some commentators believe Yavlinsky resigned because of frequent conflict between him and other cabinet members.
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leader of the government cabinet and was loyal to Yeltsin and the Supreme Soviet. In contrast to his predecessor,
1565:"Постановление Верховного Совета СССР от 28.08.1991 N 2367-I "О недоверии Кабинету Министров СССР" | ГАРАНТ"
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Silayev died on 8 February 2023, at the age of 92 in Nizhny Novgorod. He was buried on February 11, 2023, at the
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at the same time, Silayev had wanted to reduce the powers of the central government and give more powers to the
844:. Silayev never forgave Pavlov and relations between the two grew colder when Pavlov became the Prime Minister.
718:), where he started in 1954, he advanced from the lowest level to become the plant's foreman from 1971 to 1974.
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in Moscow next to his wife, who died on 18 March 2006. The farewell ceremony was attended by 30 to 40 people.
584:(20 September – 14 November 1991). Responsible for overseeing the economy of the Soviet Union during the late
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1888:
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31:
1176:"Скончался экс-директор нижегородского завода — Последние новости Нижнего Новгорода и области | NewsNN"
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1971:
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1090:. On 26 September 2002, Silayev became Chairman of the Russian Union of Mechanical Engineers. During the
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811:
24:
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1074:; he resigned from this post on 7 February 1994. In late 1994, Silayev became the President of the
707:
683:
528:
141:
861:, Silayev tried to modernise the Russian Government. Silayev decided to break with the old Soviet
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Silayev de facto became Prime Minister of the Soviet Union on 28 August 1991 following the failed
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959:
822:
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Members of the Central Committee of the 28th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
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Members of the Central Committee of the 27th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
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Members of the Central Committee of the 26th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
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Following this, Silayev served as Deputy Minister of Aviation Industry, and was later appointed
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8:
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Another problem facing Silayev was that the Supreme Soviet was usurping the power of the
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failed to arrest Silayev or any other high-standing Russian state officials during the
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882:
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572:; 21 October 1930 – 8 February 2023) was a Soviet and Russian politician. He served as
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on two different occasions—once in 1971, and another during a closed session of the
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2015:
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2009:
1813:
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833:
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810:, a successful businessman and leader of the cooperative movement, rector of the
761:'s first and second governments. He served in these posts until he was appointed
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supporters knew that his economic reform proposal had to be accepted before the
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Gorbachev tried to break the Silayev–Yeltsin alliance but to no avail. In 1989,
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1991:
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and chairman of the Machine-Building Bureau of the Council of Ministers in
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1818:[Silayev, Ivan Stepanovich: Tombstone] (in Russian). warheroes.ru
1792:"Ivan Silayev, Last Russian Prime Minister Of The Soviet Era, Dies At 92"
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in 1954 as a mechanical engineer. In 1959 Silayev became a member of the
599:
After graduating in the 1950s, Silayev began his political career in the
540:
177:
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1019:. The Russian-dominated COMSE was quickly surpassed in authority by the
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in 1990. In 1986, he served as head of a government commission into the
2824:
Heads of government of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
2649:
1905:
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of the economy. The reform plan was criticised by an official from the
870:
735:
Minister of Machine-Tool and Tool Building Industry of the Soviet Union
648:
277:
35:
2829:
Eleventh convocation members of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union
1761:
1540:
1137:. On 19 October 2000 and on 21 October 2005, Silayev was awarded the
1737:"Governments of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1964–1991)"
714:(CPSU). During his tenure at the Gorky Aviation Plant (Gorky is now
286:
Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union
1485:
Revolutionary Passage: From Soviet to Post-Soviet Russia, 1985–2000
1071:
1632:// Правительственный вестник. — 1991. — октябрь. — № 42. — С. 1—3.
1455:
History of Modern Russia: From Tsarism to the Twenty-first Century
2854:
Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary (Russian Federation)
1564:
1038:
When he first took office, holding the Russian premiership under
43:
1866:
1774:"Скончался экс-председатель Совета министров РСФСР Иван Силаев"
1238:[Silayev, Ivan Stepanovich] (in Russian). warheroes.ru
798:, the Supreme Soviet's deputy chairman, and after a debate on
1537:
Socialist Economies and the Transition to the Market: A Guide
1259:
1062:
On 18 December 1991, Silayev was appointed by Yeltsin as the
1002:
Committee on the Operational Management of the Soviet economy
821:
plan to the Supreme Soviet deputies; in it industry would be
666:, he continued to work for the Yeltsin administration as the
578:
Committee on the Operational Management of the Soviet economy
95:
Committee on the Operational Management of the Soviet Economy
1590:[Силаев, Иван Степанович]. Praviteli. Archived from
201:
Inter-republican Economic Committee of the Soviet Union
2859:
Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary (Soviet Union)
1613:
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1609:
1433:
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1404:
1392:
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resigned from his cabinet post, citing the failure of the
1842:
The Central Government of Russia: From Gorbachev to Putin
981:
1606:
1428:
1416:
1380:
1368:
1325:
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Open for Business: Russia's Return to the Global Economy
641:
chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Russian SFSR
243:
Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Russian SFSR
1290:
1025:
Interstate Economic Committee of the Economic Community
1330:
The Barefoot Shoemaker: Capitalizing on the New Russia
678:
since 1992) until his resignation in 1994. During the
2849:
People's commissars and ministers of the Soviet Union
1054:, meaning that the union government ceased to exist.
1139:
Diploma of the Government of the Russian Federation
694:Silayev was born on 21 October 1930, in Baktyzino,
609:
Minister of Machine-Tool and Tool Building Industry
580:(28 August – 25 December 1991) and chairman of the
2307:. Questionable heads of government are written in
1327:
1261:
2290:
926:Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian SFSR
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1970:
1004:(COMSE), also chaired by Silayev, to manage the
1000:. This committee was later transformed into the
1833:
1449:
1310:
1308:
1193:Geron, Leonard; Pravda, Alex (15 August 1993).
19:"Silayev" redirects here. For the surname, see
1691:
1659:
1518:"Указ Президента СССР от 24.08.1991 N УП-2461"
1481:
1158:"Указ Президента СССР от 20.09.1991 N УП-2599"
635:'s First Government. He left all posts in the
2276:
1956:
1534:
1035:of the Soviet Union coming only weeks later.
213:20 September 1991 – 14 November 1991
1815:Силаев, Иван Степанович: Надгробный памятник
1762:Указ Президента РСФСР от 18.12.1991 г. № 303
1582:
1580:
1578:
1305:
792:Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
386:19 December 1980 – 20 February 1981
1255:
1253:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1192:
772:
629:deputy chairman of the Council of Ministers
326:20 February 1981 – 1 November 1985
167:18 December 1991 – 7 February 1994
2283:
2269:
1963:
1949:
1839:
1617:
1437:
1422:
1410:
1398:
1386:
1374:
1362:
1299:
966:State Committee for the State of Emergency
107:24 August 1991 – 25 December 1991
74:
1575:
1057:
607:he became Minister of Aviation Industry,
298:1 November 1985 – 9 October 1990
255:15 June 1990 – 26 September 1991
16:Soviet and Russian politician (1930–2023)
1808:
1260:Hewett, Edward; Gaddy, Clifford (1992).
1250:
1228:
1213:
689:
639:in October 1990 to focus in his post as
518:Communist Party of the Soviet Union
2819:Heads of government of the Soviet Union
847:
576:through the offices of chairman of the
2796:
1196:Who's Who in Russia and the New States
788:Council of Ministers – Government
2264:
1944:
1844:. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate Publishing.
1129:in 1972. In 1981, he was awarded the
1094:, Silayev ran as a candidate for the
953:
682:, Silayev ran as a candidate for the
543:, Diploma of the Government of Russia
1121:in 1975, when he was also awarded a
444:3 March 1981 – 26 July 1991
1630:Договор об экономическом сообществе
1021:Inter-republican Economic Committee
978:Communist Party of the Soviet Union
712:Communist Party of the Soviet Union
582:Inter-republican Economic Committee
151:Permanent Representative of Russia
13:
2814:People from Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
1929:28 August 1991 – 19 December 1991
1080:Commonwealth of Independent States
1064:Permanent Representative of Russia
1052:Commonwealth of Independent States
939:State Committee on Economic Reform
838:Prime Minister of the Soviet Union
796:Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR
668:Permanent Representative of Russia
574:Prime Minister of the Soviet Union
122:Prime Minister of the Soviet Union
14:
2895:
1900:15 June 1990 – 26 September 1991
1859:
1645:. 2 December 2020. Archived from
1326:Kvint, Vladimir Lʹvovich (1993).
1135:National Prize of Peter the Great
23:. For the ice hockey player, see
2879:Recipients of the Order of Lenin
1865:
592:of the Soviet Union, succeeding
551:
1802:
1784:
1766:
1755:
1729:
1717:
1685:
1653:
1635:
1623:
1557:
1528:
1510:
1475:
1443:
1131:Order of the October Revolution
1119:Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
749:'s rule, Silayev was appointed
664:dissolution of the Soviet Union
537:Order of the October Revolution
2528:Council of People's Commissars
1319:
1186:
1168:
1150:
1108:
777:
1:
2874:Recipients of the Lenin Prize
2292:Heads of government of Russia
1098:, but failed to get elected.
723:Minister of Aviation Industry
601:Ministry of Aviation Industry
371:Minister of Machine-Tool and
314:Minister of Aviation Industry
32:Eastern Slavic naming customs
1972:Premiers of the Soviet Union
1834:General and cited references
1796:RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty
1697:Russian Politics and Society
1665:Russian Politics and Society
1144:
1076:Machine-Building Association
7:
2884:21st-century Russian people
2778:Russian Government Cabinets
2216:Vladilen Niktin (1989–1990)
1925:Premier of the Soviet Union
1896:Premier of the Russian SFSR
1739:. elisa.net. Archived from
1270:Brookings Institution Press
1084:Ecological Movement "Cedar"
763:Premier of the Russian SFSR
741:Silayev was elected to the
658:and the abolishment of the
181:(for the Soviet Union)
155:(later European Union)
10:
2900:
2869:Heroes of Socialist Labour
1840:Shevchenko, Iulia (2004).
1588:"Silaev, Ivan Stepanovich"
957:
944:July presidential election
737:from 1980 to 1981. At the
30:In this name that follows
29:
18:
2773:
2663:
2586:
2526:
2517:
2494:
2437:
2325:
2316:
2303:Acting chairmen shown in
2298:
2250:Prime Ministers of Russia
2235:
2069:
1978:
1931:
1922:
1913:
1902:
1893:
1885:
1880:
1724:Горбачев Михаил Сергеевич
1209:– via Google Books.
1092:2007 legislative election
887:RSFSR Minister of Finance
812:Moscow Aviation Institute
680:2007 legislative election
603:in the 1970s. During the
570:Ива́н Степа́нович Сила́ев
569:
559:
547:
524:
511:
501:
484:
457:
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153:to the European Community
149:
128:
111:
100:
89:
85:
73:
64:
57:
25:Ivan Silayev (ice hockey)
1814:
1234:
1123:Hero of Socialist Labour
1103:Troyekurovskoye Cemetery
950:, but won the election.
773:Russian SFSR premiership
745:(CPSU). In 1985, during
708:Kazan Aviation Institute
706:. He graduated from the
684:Agrarian Party of Russia
566:Ivan Stepanovich Silayev
529:Hero of Socialist Labour
142:Prime Minister of Russia
65:
1490:Temple University Press
1482:Garcelon, Marc (2005).
1235:Силаев, Иван Степанович
1199:. Bloomsbury Academic.
1113:Silayev was awarded an
733:. He served briefly as
2496:Provisional Government
2327:Committee of Ministers
1535:Jeffries, Ian (1993).
1315:Силаев Иван Степанович
1058:Later career and death
924:In December 1990, the
911:Ministry of Mass Media
696:Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
627:appointed him in 1985
432:Central Committee
373:Tool Building Industry
2240:First Deputy Premiers
958:Further information:
905:by strengthening the
690:Early life and career
2783:Premiers of the USSR
2587:Council of Ministers
2439:Council of Ministers
1874:at Wikimedia Commons
1701:Taylor & Francis
1669:Taylor & Francis
1667:. London; New York:
1539:. London; New York:
1048:First Deputy Premier
998:Cabinet of Ministers
974:Council of Ministers
960:Silayev's Government
919:Minister of Industry
877:. In November 1990,
848:Silayev's government
755:Council of Ministers
660:Cabinet of Ministers
1699:. London;New York:
1649:on 2 December 2020.
1125:. He was awarded a
800:Russian agriculture
419:Full member of the
2665:Russian Federation
1881:Political offices
1798:. 9 February 2023.
1780:. 9 February 2023.
1268:. Washington, DC:
1068:European Community
954:Soviet premiership
907:legislative branch
883:500 Days Programme
782:The election of a
767:Chernobyl Disaster
672:European Community
637:central government
590:head of government
588:, he was the last
2791:
2790:
2659:
2658:
2490:
2489:
2258:
2257:
1939:
1938:
1932:Succeeded by
1917:Vitaly Doguzhiyev
1903:Succeeded by
1870:Media related to
1851:978-0-7546-3982-4
1710:978-0-415-41527-9
1678:978-0-415-41527-9
1468:978-0-14-103797-4
1459:Penguin Books Ltd
1413:, pp. 49–50.
1401:, pp. 54–55.
1365:, pp. 51–52.
1336:Arcade Publishing
1133:and in 2002, the
996:, to elect a new
986:Grigory Yavlinsky
879:Grigory Yavlinsky
747:Mikhail Gorbachev
743:Central Committee
625:Mikhail Gorbachev
621:Second Government
613:Central Committee
563:
562:
404:Anatoly Kostousov
21:Silayev (surname)
2891:
2864:Soviet engineers
2524:
2523:
2349:
2337:
2323:
2322:
2310:
2285:
2278:
2271:
2262:
2261:
2228:(Jan.–Nov. 1991)
2222:(Jan.–Nov. 1991)
2105:(Mar.–June 1953)
2062:(Aug.–Dec. 1991)
2048:(Jan.–Aug. 1991)
1965:
1958:
1951:
1942:
1941:
1914:Preceded by
1889:Alexander Vlasov
1886:Preceded by
1878:
1877:
1869:
1855:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1823:
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1532:
1526:
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1514:
1508:
1507:
1488:. Philadelphia:
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1408:
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1245:
1243:
1226:
1211:
1210:
1190:
1184:
1183:
1172:
1166:
1165:
1154:
1044:Soviet Republics
1033:
903:executive branch
859:Aleksandr Vlasov
808:Mikhail Bocharov
731:first government
727:Nikolai Tikhonov
617:Nikolai Tikhonov
571:
555:
491:
467:
465:
453:Personal details
442:
411:
401:
394:Nikolai Tikhonov
384:
374:
362:
352:
338:Nikolai Tikhonov
324:
296:
274:
266:Alexander Vlasov
262:
253:
232:
224:Post established
220:
211:
199:Chairman of the
193:Vasily Likhachev
189:
182:
174:
165:
154:
135:Post abolished;
131:
114:
105:
78:
68:
55:
54:
2899:
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2513:
2486:
2433:
2347:
2335:
2312:
2308:
2294:
2289:
2259:
2254:
2245:Deputy Premiers
2231:
2065:
1974:
1969:
1935:
1928:
1920:
1909:
1899:
1891:
1862:
1852:
1836:
1831:
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1819:
1816:
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1803:
1790:
1789:
1785:
1772:
1771:
1767:
1760:
1756:
1746:
1744:
1743:on 16 July 2011
1735:
1734:
1730:
1722:
1718:
1711:
1703:. p. 228.
1690:
1686:
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1654:
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1636:
1628:
1624:
1618:Shevchenko 2004
1616:
1607:
1597:
1595:
1586:
1585:
1576:
1563:
1562:
1558:
1551:
1543:. p. 100.
1533:
1529:
1516:
1515:
1511:
1504:
1480:
1476:
1469:
1461:. p. 500.
1451:Service, Robert
1448:
1444:
1438:Shevchenko 2004
1436:
1429:
1423:Shevchenko 2004
1421:
1417:
1411:Shevchenko 2004
1409:
1405:
1399:Shevchenko 2004
1397:
1393:
1387:Shevchenko 2004
1385:
1381:
1375:Shevchenko 2004
1373:
1369:
1363:Shevchenko 2004
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1357:
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1300:Shevchenko 2004
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1111:
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1027:
1013:Soviet Union's
962:
956:
850:
834:Valentin Pavlov
819:economic reform
780:
775:
759:Nikolai Ryzhkov
751:deputy chairman
716:Nizhny Novgorod
692:
633:Nikolai Ryzhkov
623:was dissolved,
594:Valentin Pavlov
513:
512:Other political
502:Political party
495:Nizhny Novgorod
493:
489:
488:8 February 2023
469:
468:21 October 1930
463:
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409:
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80:Silayev in 1991
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2318:Russian Empire
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2100:
2094:
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2071:First Deputies
2067:
2066:
2064:
2063:
2057:
2049:
2043:
2037:
2031:
2025:
2019:
2013:
2007:
2001:
1995:
1989:
1982:
1980:
1976:
1975:
1968:
1967:
1960:
1953:
1945:
1937:
1936:
1934:Post abolished
1933:
1930:
1921:
1915:
1911:
1910:
1904:
1901:
1892:
1887:
1883:
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1861:
1860:External links
1858:
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1783:
1765:
1754:
1728:
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1693:Sakwa, Richard
1684:
1677:
1671:. p. 33.
1661:Sakwa, Richard
1652:
1634:
1622:
1605:
1574:
1569:base.garant.ru
1556:
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1527:
1522:www.libussr.ru
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1167:
1162:www.libussr.ru
1148:
1146:
1143:
1115:Order of Lenin
1110:
1107:
1096:Agrarian Party
1059:
1056:
1006:Soviet economy
955:
952:
890:Boris Fyodorov
875:Gennadii Kulik
849:
846:
842:Deputy Premier
779:
776:
774:
771:
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676:European Union
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533:Order of Lenin
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2020:
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2014:
2011:
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1620:, p. 66.
1619:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1594:on 7 May 2011
1593:
1589:
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1552:
1550:0-415-07580-7
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1503:1-59213-362-2
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1452:
1446:
1440:, p. 65.
1439:
1434:
1432:
1425:, p. 44.
1424:
1419:
1412:
1407:
1400:
1395:
1389:, p. 54.
1388:
1383:
1377:, p. 52.
1376:
1371:
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1351:
1349:1-55970-182-X
1345:
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1332:
1331:
1322:
1316:
1311:
1309:
1302:, p. 51.
1301:
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1283:0-8157-3619-3
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1088:Latin America
1085:
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1055:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1040:Boris Yeltsin
1036:
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1016:
1009:
1007:
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990:Arkady Volsky
987:
983:
979:
975:
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936:
935:marketisation
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804:Boris Yeltsin
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739:26th Congress
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645:Boris Yeltsin
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630:
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615:member. When
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586:Gorbachev era
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2414:von Reutern
2384:Chernyshyov
2374:Vasilchikov
2369:Novosiltsev
2348:Vyazmitinov
2213:(1989–1990)
2207:(1988–1990)
2201:(1985–1989)
2199:Murakhovsky
2195:(1985–1988)
2189:(1983–1985)
2183:(1982–1987)
2177:(1980–1986)
2171:(1976–1980)
2165:(1965–1973)
2159:(1965–1978)
2153:(1963–1965)
2147:(1960–1964)
2141:(1958–1960)
2135:(1957–1958)
2129:(1955–1957)
2123:(1955–1957)
2117:(1955–1964)
2111:(1953–1957)
2099:(1950–1955)
2093:(1942–1957)
2087:(1941–1946)
2085:Voznesensky
2081:(1934–1935)
2056:(Aug. 1991)
2042:(1985–1991)
2036:(1980–1985)
2030:(1964–1980)
2024:(1958–1964)
2018:(1955–1958)
2012:(1953–1955)
2006:(1941–1953)
2000:(1930–1941)
1994:(1924–1930)
1988:(1923–1924)
1778:Interfax.ru
1127:Lenin Prize
1109:Recognition
1028: [
970:August Coup
778:Appointment
725:in 1981 in
656:August coup
541:Lenin Prize
520:(1959–1991)
506:Independent
400:Preceded by
351:Preceded by
261:Preceded by
219:Preceded by
178:Lev Voronin
173:Preceded by
113:Preceded by
67:Иван Силаев
44:family name
40:Stepanovich
2798:Categories
2725:Khristenko
2634:Vorotnikov
2599:Chernousov
2561:Vakhrushev
2342:Rumyantsev
2309:small type
2226:Doguzhiyev
2109:Kaganovich
2053:Doguzhiyev
2022:Khrushchev
1906:Oleg Lobov
1747:29 January
1492:. p.
1457:. London:
1338:. p.
1272:. p.
871:Oleg Lobov
823:privatized
649:Oleg Lobov
568:(Russian:
464:1930-10-21
278:Oleg Lobov
36:patronymic
2758:Mishustin
2709:Stepashin
2692:Kiriyenko
2619:Polyansky
2467:Goremykin
2462:Kokovtsov
2452:Goremykin
2336:Vorontsov
2205:Maslyukov
2163:Polyansky
2121:Pervukhin
2079:Kuybyshev
1541:Routledge
1180:newsnn.ru
1145:Citations
548:Signature
471:Baktyzino
440:In office
382:In office
322:In office
294:In office
251:In office
209:In office
163:In office
103:In office
2764:Belousov
2753:Medvedev
2719:Kasyanov
2704:Primakov
2594:Rodionov
2572:Pamfilov
2566:Khokhlov
2556:Bulganin
2509:Kerensky
2482:Golitsyn
2457:Stolypin
2404:Ignatyev
2379:Levashov
2364:Kochubey
2359:Lopukhin
2354:Saltykov
2220:Velichko
2175:Arkhipov
2169:Tikhonov
2097:Bulganin
2034:Tikhonov
2016:Bulganin
2010:Malenkov
1979:Premiers
1919:(acting)
1908:(acting)
1695:(2008).
1663:(2008).
1453:(2009).
1072:Brussels
1015:de facto
933:and the
895:de facto
855:de facto
784:Chairman
611:, and a
497:, Russia
280:(acting)
91:Chairman
2731:Fradkov
2674:Yeltsin
2644:Silayev
2624:Voronov
2604:Puzanov
2578:Kosygin
2551:Sulimov
2546:Syrtsov
2472:Stürmer
2424:Durnovo
2409:Valuyev
2399:Gagarin
2305:italics
2211:Voronin
2193:Talyzin
2187:Gromyko
2157:Mazurov
2151:Ustinov
2145:Kosygin
2127:Saburov
2115:Mikoyan
2091:Molotov
2060:Silayev
2040:Ryzhkov
2028:Kosygin
1998:Molotov
1822:4 April
1598:4 April
1242:4 April
1078:of the
1066:to the
1017:Premier
790:of the
786:of the
753:of the
670:to the
391:Premier
331:Premier
303:Premier
93:of the
48:Silayev
2747:Zubkov
2736:Zubkov
2681:Gaidar
2639:Vlasov
2614:Kozlov
2609:Yasnov
2477:Trepov
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2181:Aliyev
2139:Kozlov
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2004:Stalin
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2536:Lenin
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2389:Orlov
2301:Note:
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1992:Rykov
1986:Lenin
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1846:ISBN
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1749:2010
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