508:). She was also working as a freelance journalist, with a particular focus on trades union education work. Along with this she undertook certain leadership roles in the trades union movement. Between 1950 and 1955 she was a member of the executive of the print workers' union,
474:, a widely acknowledged cross party and religiously interdenominational federation of women's organisations from all levels of society in the Bremen region. Between 1946 and 1947 she chaired the committee, before being succeeded in the post by
363:
in exile. Back in
Germany the Enderles were deprived of their German nationality in April 1941. From Sweden they were able to provide practical support for anti-Nazi resistance groups in north Germany. Until the
372:. She was also writing during this period for the Swedish trades union press. Around 1937/1938 Irmgard Enderle - unlike her husband - came politically close to the breakaway "Neuer Weg" (
203:
who was, at this time, considered more in tune with the left-wing leadership. Rasch now took a post as trades union editor of the
Communist Party daily newspaper "Klassenkampf" (
238:. At the start of 1929 Irmgard Rasch, as a member of the faction around Brandler and Thalheimer, was among those excluded from the party by the Stalinist leadership under
786:
791:
801:
796:
320:. Work for a political party - except for the Nazi Party - was now illegal. August and Irmgard Enderle nevertheless continued with their (now illegal)
179:. In the middle of 1919 she became a full-time party official, initially in the agriculture sector and then, till 1924, in the trades union department.
513:
776:
781:
151:. Her father was a secondary school teacher, and she too undertook a training to become a teacher. As a young person she was a member of the
428:
199:. As a more hardline group struggled successfully to strengthen their hold at the top, Rasch lost her trades union department position to
606:
521:
243:
96:
412:
396:
360:
321:
254:
100:
713:
676:
565:
517:
501:
444:
811:
771:
766:
289:
which had become her husband's home city, and where
Irmgard Enderle became a member of the party's regional leadership.
231:
436:
416:
404:
270:
104:
806:
285:, whom Irmgard Rasch had married in 1929. The new party was particularly successful in attracting support in
160:
482:
400:
266:
235:
188:
176:
92:
471:
411:
was in sight, and it was evident that
Germany would undergo some sort of new beginning. The exiled
494:
451:
168:
643:
187:
By the mid 1920s
Irmgard Rasch had become a member of the (relatively) right-wing grouping in the
739:
486:
610:
419:. It was as an SPD member that Irmgard Enderle would spend the rest of her political career.
509:
500:
Between 1947 and 1949 she edited the newspaper "Bund", and from 1949 till 1951 she edited the
171:. She set up a socialist student group at the university and joined, in November 1918, the
156:
821:
816:
384:. While contributing to the Swedish Trades Union Press, Enderle was also writing for the
307:
720:. Karl Dietz Verlag, Berlin & Bundesstiftung zur Aufarbeitung der SED-Diktatur, Berlin
683:. Karl Dietz Verlag, Berlin & Bundesstiftung zur Aufarbeitung der SED-Diktatur, Berlin
572:. Karl Dietz Verlag, Berlin & Bundesstiftung zur Aufarbeitung der SED-Diktatur, Berlin
8:
427:
August and
Irmgard Enderle returned to Germany during Summer 1945, with the help of the
467:
314:
475:
196:
192:
148:
39:
481:
At the regional government level, between 1946 and 1947 Enderle was a member of the
239:
439:
and the Bremen trades union structure. In
September 1945 she was a co-founder in
408:
377:
262:
211:. For 1927 she switched to the same position with the party's national newspaper,
172:
332:
and briefly interned in June 1933. Two months later she was able to escape from
304:
301:
463:
274:
709:
672:
561:
525:
455:
310:
282:
212:
114:
368:
of 1937 they were also active supporters for the creation of an international
760:
705:
668:
557:
459:
381:
369:
365:
352:
278:
208:
43:
490:
415:
in
Stockholm, like its counterpart in London, now reunited itself with the
356:
333:
200:
69:
242:. The expelled communists now formed an alternative party, known as the
337:
152:
159:. In 1917 she passed a teaching exam and embarked on several terms at
385:
317:
298:
273:. Other Communists who moved over to the SAPD at this time included
253:
In 1932 Rasch was one of a number of KPDO who joined the newly formed
677:"Walcher, Jacob * 7.5.1887, †23.7.1970 Chefredakteur der "Tribüne""
389:
297:
In
January 1933 the political context changed dramatically when the
164:
447:(newspaper), remaining a member of its editorial team till 1947.
348:
where she would live, with her husband, for more than ten years.
341:
329:
325:
286:
131:
65:
440:
432:
345:
227:
223:
647:
230:
removed from positions of power and influence within the
704:
667:
556:
351:
In
Stockholm August and Irmgard Enderle, together with
359:, comprised the leadership team of the Sweden-based
787:
Communist Party of Germany (Opposition) politicians
566:"Rasch (Enderle), Irmgard * 28.4.1895, †20.9.1985"
435:and concerned themselves with rebuilding the local
403:, most of its members had come originally from the
175:, staying with it when it relaunched itself as the
520:. Along with all this, she was a member of the
450:Irmgard Enderle was a prominent woman within the
292:
265:party, for most purposes positioned between the
246:"Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands (Opposition)"
758:
16:German politician, trade unionist and journalist
802:Union of Persecutees of the Nazi Regime members
792:Socialist Workers' Party of Germany politicians
797:Social Democratic Party of Germany politicians
257:"Sozialistische Arbeiterpartei Deutschlands"
700:
698:
638:
636:
634:
632:
630:
628:
552:
550:
548:
546:
544:
542:
540:
429:International Transport Workers' Federation
134:politician, trade unionist and journalist.
130:: 28 April 1895 – 20 September 1985) was a
742:. Bremer Frauenausschuss e. V. 8 July 2016
601:
599:
597:
595:
593:
591:
589:
587:
714:"Enderle, August * 5.8.1887, †2.11.1959"
609:. Bremer Frauenmuseum e.V. Archived from
250:. Irmgard Rasch was an active member.
244:Communist Party of Germany (Opposition) (
695:
661:
625:
537:
512:, and at one point she was chair of the
191:leadership, along with comrades such as
644:"20.09.1985: Irmgard Enderle gestorben"
584:
522:Union of Persecutees of the Nazi Regime
782:Communist Party of Germany politicians
759:
328:region. Irmgard was arrested by the
777:Members of the BĂĽrgerschaft of Bremen
395:Although the Enderles had joined the
182:
516:and of the Women's Committee of the
489:which became, formally in May 1949,
407:. By November 1944 the end of the
646:. Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung e. V. ,
13:
718:Handbuch der Deutschen Kommunisten
681:Handbuch der Deutschen Kommunisten
570:Handbuch der Deutschen Kommunisten
422:
14:
833:
732:
399:from a breakaway section of the
344:. By 1934 she had moved on to
153:Wandervogel hiking organisation
293:Nazi Germany and Swedish exile
226:which saw potential rivals to
142:
1:
607:"Enderle, Irmgard, geb.Rasch"
531:
234:were closely mirrored in the
157:Free German Youth Association
7:
518:Trades Unions Confederation
504:newspaper "World of Work" (
502:Trades Unions Confederation
454:. In 1946, together with
10:
838:
812:German socialist feminists
772:Journalists from Frankfurt
767:Politicians from Frankfurt
493:, she was a member of the
255:Socialist Workers' Party (
222:Savage power struggles in
147:Irmgard Rasch was born in
514:German Journalists' Union
110:
88:
76:
50:
28:
21:
807:Exiles from Nazi Germany
495:Bizonal Economic Council
472:Bremen Women's Committee
452:Bremen feminist movement
376:) movement centred on
355:and, from Summer 1940,
137:
485:. In respect of the
232:Soviet Communist Party
177:German Communist Party
497:from 1948 till 1949.
431:. They settled in
740:"Unsere Geschichte"
510:IG Druck und Papier
236:German sister party
470:, she founded the
468:Anna Klara Fischer
366:Moscow Show Trials
324:party work in the
318:party dictatorship
183:Communist politics
506:"Welt der Arbeit"
483:Bremen parliament
476:Charlotte Niehaus
197:Heinrich Brandler
193:August Thalheimer
161:Berlin University
149:Frankfurt am Main
121:
120:
54:20 September 1985
40:Frankfurt am Main
829:
752:
751:
749:
747:
736:
730:
729:
727:
725:
702:
693:
692:
690:
688:
665:
659:
658:
656:
654:
640:
623:
622:
620:
618:
613:on 7 August 2016
603:
582:
581:
579:
577:
554:
487:occupation zones
378:Peter Blachstein
263:Centrist Marxist
173:Spartacus League
169:Social Economics
61:
59:
19:
18:
837:
836:
832:
831:
830:
828:
827:
826:
757:
756:
755:
745:
743:
738:
737:
733:
723:
721:
703:
696:
686:
684:
666:
662:
652:
650:
642:
641:
626:
616:
614:
605:
604:
585:
575:
573:
555:
538:
534:
425:
423:Postwar Germany
401:Communist Party
295:
205:"Class Sruggle"
185:
145:
140:
124:Irmgard Enderle
103:
99:
95:
89:Political party
83:
81:
72:
63:
57:
55:
46:
37:
35:
34:
24:
23:Irmgard Enderle
17:
12:
11:
5:
835:
825:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
754:
753:
731:
710:Andreas Herbst
694:
673:Andreas Herbst
660:
624:
583:
562:Andreas Herbst
535:
533:
530:
526:Humanist Union
456:Agnes Heineken
445:"Weser Kurier"
424:
421:
294:
291:
283:August Enderle
240:Ernst Thälmann
213:"Rote Fahne" (
184:
181:
144:
141:
139:
136:
119:
118:
115:August Enderle
112:
108:
107:
90:
86:
85:
78:
74:
73:
64:
62:(aged 90)
52:
48:
47:
38:
32:
30:
26:
25:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
834:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
764:
762:
741:
735:
719:
715:
711:
707:
706:Hermann Weber
701:
699:
682:
678:
674:
670:
669:Hermann Weber
664:
649:
645:
639:
637:
635:
633:
631:
629:
612:
608:
602:
600:
598:
596:
594:
592:
590:
588:
571:
567:
563:
559:
558:Hermann Weber
553:
551:
549:
547:
545:
543:
541:
536:
529:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
498:
496:
492:
488:
484:
479:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
460:Anna Stiegler
457:
453:
448:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
420:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
393:
391:
388:published in
387:
383:
382:Walter Fabian
379:
375:
371:
370:Popular front
367:
362:
358:
354:
353:Stefan Szende
349:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
316:
312:
309:
306:
303:
300:
290:
288:
284:
280:
279:Jacob Walcher
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
258:
251:
249:
247:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
220:
218:
216:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
180:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
135:
133:
129:
128:Irmgard Rasch
125:
116:
113:
109:
106:
102:
98:
94:
91:
87:
79:
77:Occupation(s)
75:
71:
67:
53:
49:
45:
41:
36:28 April 1895
33:Irmgard Rasch
31:
27:
20:
744:. Retrieved
734:
722:. Retrieved
717:
685:. Retrieved
680:
663:
651:. Retrieved
615:. Retrieved
611:the original
574:. Retrieved
569:
505:
499:
491:West Germany
480:
464:Käthe Popall
449:
426:
394:
373:
361:SAPD (party)
357:Willy Brandt
350:
296:
275:Paul Frölich
256:
252:
245:
221:
214:
204:
201:Ruth Fischer
186:
146:
127:
123:
122:
70:West Germany
822:1985 deaths
817:1895 births
524:and of the
338:Netherlands
207:) based in
163:, studying
155:and of the
143:Early years
117:(1887-1959)
761:Categories
532:References
386:Rote Revue
374:"New Path"
302:took power
299:Nazi Party
267:Communists
215:"Red Flag"
82:Journalist
80:Politician
58:1985-09-21
308:converted
269:and the
165:Pedagogy
746:11 July
724:11 July
687:11 July
653:10 July
617:10 July
576:10 July
443:of the
342:Belgium
336:to the
334:Germany
330:Gestapo
326:Breslau
313:into a
311:Germany
287:Breslau
259:/ SAPD)
248:/ KPDO)
66:Cologne
56: (
44:Germany
441:Bremen
433:Bremen
390:ZĂĽrich
346:Sweden
228:Stalin
224:Moscow
132:German
126:(born
111:Spouse
84:Writer
209:Halle
189:party
748:2016
726:2016
689:2016
655:2016
648:Bonn
619:2016
578:2016
466:and
413:SAPD
397:SAPD
380:and
340:and
322:SAPD
315:one-
281:and
261:, a
195:and
167:and
138:Life
101:SAPD
97:KPDO
51:Died
29:Born
528:.
437:SPD
417:SPD
409:war
405:SPD
392:.
305:and
271:SPD
105:SPD
93:KPD
763::
716:.
712:.
708:;
697:^
679:.
675:.
671:;
627:^
586:^
568:.
564:.
560:;
539:^
478:.
462:,
458:,
277:,
219:.
68:,
42:,
750:.
728:.
691:.
657:.
621:.
580:.
217:)
60:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.