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Ibn Khordadbeh

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211: 238:) (with the second edition of the book being published in 885). In this work, ibn Khordadbeh described the various peoples and provinces of the Abbasid Caliphate. Along with maps, the book also includes descriptions of the land, people and culture of the Southern 287:
East of China are the lands of Waqwaq, which are so rich in gold that the inhabitants make the chains for their dogs and the collars for their monkeys of this metal. They manufacture tunics woven with gold. Excellent ebony wood is found
365:
Ebn Ḵordādbeh (fl. 9th cent., q.v.), one of the earliest Persian geographers, produced in 846 his major work Ketāb al-masālek wa'l mamālek, which is considered the foundation for the later Balḵī school of
301:), "etiquettes of listening to music", "Persian genealogy", cooking", "drinking", "astral patterns", "boon-companions", "world history", "music and musical instruments". The book on music had the title 488:
Korea and Her Neighbours.: A Narrative of Travel, with an Account of the Recent Vicissitudes and Present Position of the Country. With a Preface by Sir Walter C. Hillier
1046: 338:
Abu 'l-Ḳāsim ʿUbaid Allāh b. ʿAbd Allāh, an important geographer of Persian descent who was apparently born in the early years of the third century a. h. (c. 820).
686: 175:. He may have been the same person as Khordadbeh al-Razi, who had provided Abu'l-Hasan al-Mada'ini (died 843) the details regarding the flight of the last 199:, a friend of his father. When Ibn Khordadbeh became of age, he was appointed as the caliphal postal and intelligence service in the central province of 694: 1109: 537: 1778: 1162: 322: 1062: 677: 230: 57: 1783: 266:
are referenced within his work. He was also one of the earliest Muslim writers to record Viking trade to the east: 'merchants called
627: 1054: 1793: 594: 496: 469: 1788: 297:
Khordadbeh wrote other books. He wrote around 8–9 other books on many subjects such as "descriptive geography" (the book
615: 521: 1747: 1155: 760: 670: 1453: 852: 775: 965: 960: 350: 1672: 1266: 655: 1798: 1569: 1478: 1473: 1148: 1011: 821: 1594: 443: 1373: 1236: 663: 541: 1667: 1523: 1378: 1428: 1358: 1201: 1191: 919: 862: 1742: 1368: 1246: 1196: 115: 68: 1483: 1383: 1353: 1332: 1307: 1078: 1662: 1438: 1281: 184: 1768: 1518: 1513: 1498: 1493: 1433: 1418: 1271: 893: 800: 163:) from the highlands of Tabaristan. Ibn Khordadbeh's grandfather was Khordadbeh, a former 8: 1773: 1408: 1256: 1126: 1097: 1085: 714: 282: 247: 195:. There he received a cultivated education, and studied music with the prominent singer 1702: 1687: 1413: 1206: 934: 857: 831: 755: 970: 106:. He is the author of the earliest surviving Arabic book of administrative geography. 1717: 1692: 1589: 1322: 1001: 724: 644: 636: 611: 590: 517: 492: 465: 430: 215: 123: 103: 38: 1016: 1737: 1732: 1604: 1241: 1172: 1071: 750: 745: 578: 196: 188: 1032: 632: 457: 1388: 888: 605: 582: 486: 243: 176: 81: 1722: 1619: 1553: 1543: 1468: 1448: 1337: 903: 1762: 1727: 1697: 1624: 1327: 1103: 924: 883: 795: 648: 259: 251: 180: 1629: 1579: 1538: 1503: 1276: 1261: 929: 898: 790: 785: 709: 685: 255: 210: 102:), was a high-ranking bureaucrat and geographer of Persian descent in the 1707: 1548: 1533: 1528: 1508: 1488: 1226: 1211: 1186: 939: 275: 164: 153: 1677: 1584: 1458: 1443: 1423: 1403: 1398: 1393: 1363: 1302: 1251: 1216: 878: 780: 719: 119: 1463: 1317: 1231: 1140: 1006: 816: 765: 271: 168: 148: 1609: 1312: 1286: 1221: 975: 826: 770: 589:. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 37–38. 187:. Ibn Khordadbeh was born in 820 or 825 in the eastern province of 144: 129: 34: 1682: 985: 980: 836: 204: 192: 1634: 1599: 1574: 944: 140: 126: 1644: 1091: 423:
Early Korea-Arabic Maritime Relations Based on Muslim Sources
351:"GEOGRAPHY iv. Cartography of Persia – Encyclopaedia Iranica" 278:, transporting their merchandise by camel as far as Baghdad. 263: 200: 172: 1639: 1614: 380: 378: 376: 374: 239: 587:
Encyclopædia Iranica, Volume VIII/1: Ebn ʿAyyāš–Economy V
464:. trans.Susan Brown Cowing. University of Hawaii Press. 371: 687:
Geography and cartography in the medieval Islamic world
555: 139:), and in 816/17 conquered the neighbouring region of 626: 402: 118:, who had governed the northern Iranian region of 78:Abu'l-Qasim Ubaydallah ibn Abdallah ibn Khordadbeh 327:Encyclopaedia of Islam, First Edition (1913-1936) 305:which is on musical matters of pre-Islamic Iran. 1760: 390: 538:"Saudi Aramco World : The Seas of Sindbad" 607:Medieval Islamic Civilization: An Encyclopedia 1156: 671: 484: 320: 97: 1163: 1149: 678: 664: 16:Persian geographer and official (died 913) 576: 511: 384: 292:Gold and ebony are exported from Waqwaq. 209: 88:; 820/825–913), commonly known as 478: 462:The Indianized States of Southeast Asia 1779:Geographers from the Abbasid Caliphate 1761: 1170: 456: 1144: 659: 624: 485:Isabella Bird (9 January 2014). "1". 450: 396: 603: 561: 408: 425:, Korea Journal 31(2) (1991), p. 26 420: 98: 85: 13: 14: 1810: 242:coast as far as Brahamputra, the 1784:10th-century Iranian geographers 761:Abu Muhammad al-Hasan al-Hamdani 635:; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; 512:Christys, Ann (27 August 2015). 281:Ibn Khordadbeh clearly mentions 228:Around 870 ibn Khordadbeh wrote 530: 460:(1968). Walter F. Vella (ed.). 321:van Arendonk, C. (2012-04-24), 158: 134: 776:Khashkhash Ibn Saeed Ibn Aswad 643:(3rd ed.). Brill Online. 505: 414: 343: 314: 236:The Book of Roads and Kingdoms 114:Ibn Khordadbeh was the son of 86:ابوالقاسم عبیدالله ابن خرداذبه 1: 308: 299:Kitāb al Masālik w’al Mamālik 231:Kitāb al Masālik w’al Mamālik 219: 191:, but grew up in the city of 1794:10th-century Iranian writers 577:Bosworth, C. Edmund (1997). 109: 7: 1789:9th-century Iranian writers 1012:Mir Ahmed Nasrallah Thattvi 10: 1815: 1064:Book of Roads and Kingdoms 1056:Book of Roads and Kingdoms 570: 516:. Bloomsbury. p. 11. 143:, as well as repelled the 58:Book of Roads and Kingdoms 1653: 1562: 1346: 1295: 1179: 1119: 1045: 1025: 994: 953: 912: 871: 845: 809: 733: 702: 693: 303:Kitāb al-lahw wa-l-malahi 167:who was convinced by the 64: 52: 44: 28: 21: 961:Abd-al-Razzāq Samarqandī 1743:Ahmad ibn Nizam al-Mulk 1723:Minhaj al-Siraj Juzjani 604:Meri, Josef W. (2005). 116:Abdallah ibn Khordadbeh 69:Abdallah ibn Khordadbeh 1673:Abu'l-Ma'ali Nasrallah 1668:Abu'l-Hasan Isfarayini 1354:Abu Dawud al-Sijistani 1079:Kitab al-Rawd al-Mitar 966:Ghiyāth al-dīn Naqqāsh 641:Encyclopaedia of Islam 625:Zadeh, Travis (2018). 491:. Adegi Graphics LLC. 225: 1570:Abu Sa'id Abu'l-Khayr 1454:Ibn Tayfour Sajawandi 1282:Sharaf al-Din al-Tusi 1192:Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi 863:Abu'l Abbas al-Hijazi 355:www.iranicaonline.org 323:"Ibn K̲h̲ordād̲h̲beh" 213: 185:Arab conquest of Iran 1678:Abu Muslim Khorasani 1384:Abu Qasim Samarqandi 1374:Abu Layth Samarqandi 1272:Nasir al-Din al-Tusi 1247:Abu Ja'far al-Khazin 894:Ibn Said al-Maghribi 203:, and eventually in 1098:The Meadows of Gold 715:Abu Hanifa Dinawari 564:, pp. 359–360. 248:peninsular Malaysia 1799:Explorers of India 1663:Abu'l-Fadl Bayhaqi 1544:Tha'labi Nishapuri 1359:Abu Barakat Nasafi 1187:Abu Hatam Isfizari 935:Hamdallah Mustawfi 858:Muhammad al-Idrisi 832:Mahmud al-Kashgari 756:Abu Zayd al-Balkhi 631:. In Fleet, Kate; 226: 1756: 1755: 1718:Khalid ibn Barmak 1693:Ata-Malik Juvayni 1656:political figures 1563:Poets and artists 1419:Fatima Samarqandi 1323:Haji Bektash Veli 1202:Abu Ubayd Juzjani 1138: 1137: 1041: 1040: 1002:Sulaiman Al Mahri 822:Abu Saʿīd Gardēzī 801:Qudama ibn Ja'far 725:Sulaiman al-Tajir 628:"Ibn Khurdādhbih" 596:978-1-56859-050-9 498:978-0-543-01434-4 471:978-0-8248-0368-1 438:Missing or empty 387:, pp. 37–38. 216:Abbasid Caliphate 104:Abbasid Caliphate 94:Ibn Khurradadhbih 75: 74: 39:Abbasid Caliphate 1806: 1748:Shihab al-Nasawi 1733:Tahir ibn Husayn 1605:Farrukhi Sistani 1580:Aruzi Samarqandi 1379:Abu Mu'in Nasafi 1347:Islamic scholars 1165: 1158: 1151: 1142: 1141: 1086:Mu'jam Al-Buldan 1072:Tabula Rogeriana 1066:(ibn Khordadbeh) 751:Ahmad ibn Fadlan 746:Ahmad ibn Rustah 700: 699: 680: 673: 666: 657: 656: 652: 630: 621: 600: 583:Yarshater, Ehsan 565: 559: 553: 552: 550: 549: 540:. Archived from 534: 528: 527: 514:Vikings in Spain 509: 503: 502: 482: 476: 475: 454: 448: 447: 441: 436: 434: 426: 418: 412: 406: 400: 394: 388: 382: 369: 368: 362: 361: 347: 341: 340: 335: 334: 318: 224: 221: 197:Ishaq al-Mawsili 162: 160: 138: 136: 101: 100: 87: 19: 18: 1814: 1813: 1809: 1808: 1807: 1805: 1804: 1803: 1759: 1758: 1757: 1752: 1703:Abu Ali Bal'ami 1688:Ali-Shir Nava'i 1655: 1649: 1590:Attar Nishapuri 1558: 1439:Hakim Nishapuri 1369:Abu Hafs Nasafi 1342: 1291: 1207:Abu Zayd Balkhi 1175: 1169: 1139: 1134: 1115: 1110:Kitab al-Kharaj 1037: 1021: 990: 971:Ahmad ibn Mājid 949: 908: 889:Yaqut al-Hamawi 867: 841: 805: 729: 689: 684: 637:Rowson, Everett 618: 597: 579:"Ebn Ḵordāḏbeh" 573: 568: 560: 556: 547: 545: 536: 535: 531: 524: 510: 506: 499: 483: 479: 472: 455: 451: 439: 437: 428: 427: 419: 415: 407: 403: 395: 391: 383: 372: 359: 357: 349: 348: 344: 332: 330: 319: 315: 311: 296: 254:. The lands of 244:Andaman Islands 222: 157: 133: 112: 33: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1812: 1802: 1801: 1796: 1791: 1786: 1781: 1776: 1771: 1754: 1753: 1751: 1750: 1745: 1740: 1735: 1730: 1725: 1720: 1715: 1713:Ibn Khordadbeh 1710: 1705: 1700: 1695: 1690: 1685: 1680: 1675: 1670: 1665: 1659: 1657: 1654:Historians and 1651: 1650: 1648: 1647: 1642: 1637: 1632: 1627: 1622: 1617: 1612: 1607: 1602: 1597: 1592: 1587: 1582: 1577: 1572: 1566: 1564: 1560: 1559: 1557: 1556: 1551: 1546: 1541: 1536: 1531: 1526: 1521: 1516: 1511: 1506: 1501: 1496: 1491: 1486: 1481: 1476: 1471: 1466: 1461: 1456: 1451: 1446: 1441: 1436: 1434:Hakim Tirmidhi 1431: 1426: 1421: 1416: 1411: 1406: 1401: 1396: 1391: 1386: 1381: 1376: 1371: 1366: 1361: 1356: 1350: 1348: 1344: 1343: 1341: 1340: 1335: 1330: 1325: 1320: 1315: 1310: 1305: 1299: 1297: 1293: 1292: 1290: 1289: 1284: 1279: 1274: 1269: 1264: 1259: 1254: 1249: 1244: 1239: 1234: 1229: 1224: 1219: 1214: 1209: 1204: 1199: 1194: 1189: 1183: 1181: 1177: 1176: 1168: 1167: 1160: 1153: 1145: 1136: 1135: 1133: 1132: 1123: 1121: 1117: 1116: 1114: 1113: 1106: 1101: 1094: 1089: 1082: 1075: 1068: 1060: 1051: 1049: 1043: 1042: 1039: 1038: 1036: 1035: 1029: 1027: 1023: 1022: 1020: 1019: 1014: 1009: 1004: 998: 996: 992: 991: 989: 988: 983: 978: 973: 968: 963: 957: 955: 951: 950: 948: 947: 942: 937: 932: 927: 922: 916: 914: 910: 909: 907: 906: 904:Ibn al-Mujawir 901: 896: 891: 886: 881: 875: 873: 869: 868: 866: 865: 860: 855: 849: 847: 843: 842: 840: 839: 834: 829: 824: 819: 813: 811: 807: 806: 804: 803: 798: 793: 788: 783: 778: 773: 768: 763: 758: 753: 748: 743: 741:Ibn Khordadbeh 737: 735: 731: 730: 728: 727: 722: 717: 712: 706: 704: 697: 691: 690: 683: 682: 675: 668: 660: 654: 653: 633:Krämer, Gudrun 622: 616: 601: 595: 572: 569: 567: 566: 554: 529: 522: 504: 497: 477: 470: 458:Coedès, George 449: 421:Hee-Soo, Lee, 413: 411:, p. 360. 401: 389: 370: 342: 312: 310: 307: 270:traded in the 171:to convert to 161: 817–825 137: 813–833 111: 108: 92:(also spelled 90:Ibn Khordadbeh 73: 72: 66: 62: 61: 54: 50: 49: 46: 42: 41: 30: 26: 25: 23:Ibn Khordadbeh 22: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1811: 1800: 1797: 1795: 1792: 1790: 1787: 1785: 1782: 1780: 1777: 1775: 1772: 1770: 1767: 1766: 1764: 1749: 1746: 1744: 1741: 1739: 1738:Yahya Barmaki 1736: 1734: 1731: 1729: 1728:Nizam al-Mulk 1726: 1724: 1721: 1719: 1716: 1714: 1711: 1709: 1706: 1704: 1701: 1699: 1696: 1694: 1691: 1689: 1686: 1684: 1681: 1679: 1676: 1674: 1671: 1669: 1666: 1664: 1661: 1660: 1658: 1652: 1646: 1643: 1641: 1638: 1636: 1633: 1631: 1628: 1626: 1625:Nasir Khusraw 1623: 1621: 1618: 1616: 1613: 1611: 1608: 1606: 1603: 1601: 1598: 1596: 1593: 1591: 1588: 1586: 1583: 1581: 1578: 1576: 1573: 1571: 1568: 1567: 1565: 1561: 1555: 1552: 1550: 1547: 1545: 1542: 1540: 1537: 1535: 1532: 1530: 1527: 1525: 1522: 1520: 1517: 1515: 1512: 1510: 1507: 1505: 1502: 1500: 1497: 1495: 1492: 1490: 1489:Mulla al-Qari 1487: 1485: 1482: 1480: 1477: 1475: 1472: 1470: 1467: 1465: 1462: 1460: 1457: 1455: 1452: 1450: 1447: 1445: 1442: 1440: 1437: 1435: 1432: 1430: 1427: 1425: 1422: 1420: 1417: 1415: 1412: 1410: 1407: 1405: 1402: 1400: 1397: 1395: 1392: 1390: 1387: 1385: 1382: 1380: 1377: 1375: 1372: 1370: 1367: 1365: 1362: 1360: 1357: 1355: 1352: 1351: 1349: 1345: 1339: 1336: 1334: 1331: 1329: 1328:Nasir Khusraw 1326: 1324: 1321: 1319: 1316: 1314: 1311: 1309: 1306: 1304: 1301: 1300: 1298: 1294: 1288: 1285: 1283: 1280: 1278: 1275: 1273: 1270: 1268: 1265: 1263: 1260: 1258: 1255: 1253: 1250: 1248: 1245: 1243: 1240: 1238: 1237:Hasib Marwazi 1235: 1233: 1230: 1228: 1225: 1223: 1220: 1218: 1215: 1213: 1210: 1208: 1205: 1203: 1200: 1198: 1195: 1193: 1190: 1188: 1185: 1184: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1166: 1161: 1159: 1154: 1152: 1147: 1146: 1143: 1131: 1129: 1125: 1124: 1122: 1118: 1112: 1111: 1107: 1105: 1104:Piri Reis map 1102: 1100: 1099: 1095: 1093: 1090: 1088: 1087: 1083: 1081: 1080: 1076: 1074: 1073: 1069: 1067: 1065: 1061: 1059: 1057: 1053: 1052: 1050: 1048: 1044: 1034: 1033:Evliya Çelebi 1031: 1030: 1028: 1024: 1018: 1015: 1013: 1010: 1008: 1005: 1003: 1000: 999: 997: 993: 987: 984: 982: 979: 977: 974: 972: 969: 967: 964: 962: 959: 958: 956: 952: 946: 943: 941: 938: 936: 933: 931: 928: 926: 923: 921: 918: 917: 915: 911: 905: 902: 900: 897: 895: 892: 890: 887: 885: 884:Saadi Shirazi 882: 880: 877: 876: 874: 870: 864: 861: 859: 856: 854: 851: 850: 848: 844: 838: 835: 833: 830: 828: 825: 823: 820: 818: 815: 814: 812: 808: 802: 799: 797: 796:Al-Ramhormuzi 794: 792: 789: 787: 784: 782: 779: 777: 774: 772: 769: 767: 764: 762: 759: 757: 754: 752: 749: 747: 744: 742: 739: 738: 736: 732: 726: 723: 721: 718: 716: 713: 711: 708: 707: 705: 701: 698: 696: 692: 688: 681: 676: 674: 669: 667: 662: 661: 658: 650: 646: 642: 638: 634: 629: 623: 619: 617:9781135455965 613: 610:. Routledge. 609: 608: 602: 598: 592: 588: 584: 580: 575: 574: 563: 558: 544:on 2007-02-08 543: 539: 533: 525: 523:9781474213752 519: 515: 508: 500: 494: 490: 489: 481: 473: 467: 463: 459: 453: 445: 432: 424: 417: 410: 405: 398: 393: 386: 385:Bosworth 1997 381: 379: 377: 375: 367: 356: 352: 346: 339: 328: 324: 317: 313: 306: 304: 300: 294: 293: 289: 284: 279: 277: 273: 269: 265: 261: 260:Unified Silla 257: 253: 249: 245: 241: 237: 233: 232: 217: 212: 208: 207:and Baghdad. 206: 202: 198: 194: 190: 186: 182: 181:Yazdegerd III 178: 174: 170: 166: 155: 151: 150: 146: 142: 131: 128: 125: 121: 117: 107: 105: 95: 91: 83: 79: 70: 67: 63: 60: 59: 55: 53:Notable works 51: 47: 43: 40: 36: 31: 27: 20: 1712: 1630:Rabia Balkhi 1296:Philosophers 1277:Omar Khayyam 1127: 1108: 1096: 1084: 1077: 1070: 1063: 1055: 1026:17th century 995:16th century 954:15th century 930:Ibn al-Wardi 913:14th century 899:Ibn al-Nafis 872:13th century 846:12th century 810:11th century 791:Al-Muqaddasi 786:Ibn al-Faqih 740: 734:10th century 710:Al-Khwarizmi 640: 606: 586: 557: 546:. 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Retrieved 354: 345: 337: 331:, retrieved 326: 316: 302: 298: 295: 291: 286: 280: 267: 262:(Korea) and 235: 229: 227: 147: 113: 93: 89: 77: 76: 56: 1769:820s births 1708:Gawhar Shad 1554:Zamakhshari 1534:Shaykh Tusi 1449:Ibn Mubarak 1338:Shahrastani 940:Ibn Battuta 920:Al-Dimashqi 703:9th century 695:Geographers 290:And again: 276:Caspian Sea 183:during the 165:Zoroastrian 154:Shahriyar I 1774:913 deaths 1763:Categories 1585:Asadi Tusi 1479:Marghinani 1444:Ibn Hibban 1364:Abu Hanifa 1242:Ibn Hayyan 1217:Ali Qushji 1212:Alfraganus 1180:Scientists 1171:People of 1120:Influences 1058:(al-Bakrī) 925:Abu'l-Fida 879:Ibn Jubayr 781:Ibn Hawqal 548:2010-04-04 397:Zadeh 2018 360:2019-08-24 333:2023-07-31 309:References 256:Tang China 223: 850 122:under the 120:Tabaristan 1539:Taftazani 1524:Sajawandi 1333:Sijistani 1262:Khwarizmi 1130:(Ptolemy) 1128:Geography 1017:Amīn Rāzī 1007:Piri Reis 817:Al-Biruni 766:Al-Masudi 649:1873-9830 562:Meri 2005 409:Meri 2005 366:geography 272:Black Sea 169:Barmakids 149:ispahbadh 110:Biography 99:ابن خرددة 65:Relatives 1610:Ferdowsi 1549:Tirmidhi 1529:Sarakhsi 1509:Qushayri 1484:Maturidi 1429:Ghaznawi 1313:Avicenna 1257:Khojandi 1227:Birjandi 1222:Avicenna 1197:Abu Wafa 1173:Khorasan 976:Zheng He 853:al-Zuhri 827:Al-Bakri 771:Istakhri 639:(eds.). 431:citation 274:and the 189:Khurasan 179:emperor 177:Sasanian 152:(ruler) 145:Bavandid 130:al-Mamun 71:(father) 35:Khurasan 1683:Gardizi 1620:Kashifi 1494:Muqatil 1474:Lamishi 1469:Kashifi 1459:Juwayni 1424:Ghazali 1409:Bukhari 1404:Bazdawi 1399:Bayhaqi 1394:Baghavi 1303:Algazel 1252:Khazini 986:Fei Xin 981:Ma Huan 837:Domiyat 720:Ya'qubi 585:(ed.). 571:Sources 329:, Brill 285:twice: 240:Asiatic 205:Samarra 193:Baghdad 124:Abbasid 32:820/825 1645:Sanā'ī 1635:Rudaki 1600:Daqiqi 1595:Behzad 1575:Anvari 1519:Sabuni 1504:Nasa'i 1499:Muslim 1464:Kasani 1414:Dabusi 1389:Ansari 1318:Farabi 1267:Nasawi 1232:Biruni 945:Lin Nu 647:  614:  593:  520:  495:  468:  288:there. 283:Waqwaq 141:Daylam 127:caliph 82:Arabic 1308:Amiri 1287:Sijzi 1092:Rihla 1047:Works 581:. In 264:Japan 201:Jibal 173:Islam 1698:Aufi 1640:Rumi 1615:Jami 1514:Razi 645:ISSN 612:ISBN 591:ISBN 518:ISBN 493:ISBN 466:ISBN 444:help 252:Java 250:and 214:The 45:Died 29:Born 268:Rus 218:in 48:913 1765:: 435:: 433:}} 429:{{ 373:^ 363:. 353:. 336:, 325:, 258:, 246:, 220:c. 159:r. 135:r. 96:; 84:: 37:, 1164:e 1157:t 1150:v 679:e 672:t 665:v 651:. 620:. 599:. 551:. 526:. 501:. 474:. 446:) 442:( 399:. 234:( 156:( 132:( 80:(

Index

Khurasan
Abbasid Caliphate
Book of Roads and Kingdoms
Abdallah ibn Khordadbeh
Arabic
Abbasid Caliphate
Abdallah ibn Khordadbeh
Tabaristan
Abbasid
caliph
al-Mamun
Daylam
Bavandid
ispahbadh
Shahriyar I
Zoroastrian
Barmakids
Islam
Sasanian
Yazdegerd III
Arab conquest of Iran
Khurasan
Baghdad
Ishaq al-Mawsili
Jibal
Samarra

Abbasid Caliphate
Kitāb al Masālik w’al Mamālik
Asiatic

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