38:
346:
455:
G.E. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan
Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, new ed., 13 volumes in 14 (1910-1959; reprint in 6 volumes,
248:
listed Roland as a natural born daughter of Varis and Fagan. Fagan family biographers have speculated Roland either lived in
Ireland for several years prior to returning to France, or she was raised in Ireland by the Fagan family before joining her mother in France. Both claims are unproven.
368:
as a family home. However, he took another mistress, and he and Roland were again estranged. The
Wellesleys formally separated in 1810, and Roland moved from Apsley House. She lived in Grosvenor Square for some time, and then at Great Cumberland Place.
363:
In 1801, Roland's letters detailed accusations of her husband's infidelity with another woman, known only as Madame de
Cocrement, and of severe neglect of his family. Upon the Marquess Wellesley's return to Britain in 1805, he purchased
329:, was eventually persuaded to receive her. In 1799, Wellesley was created the 1st Marquess Wellesley, making Roland a courtesy marchioness. However, this elevation did not change her social standing. Even the famously casual
356:
After their marriage, the
Marquess Wellesley had two illegitimate children by another mistress, Elizabeth Johnston. In 1797, the Marquess Wellesley was obliged to travel to India in his capacity as
337:, severely for doing so, writing of Caroline's friendship with Roland: "you are the only woman with any pretensions to character who ever courted Lady Wellesley's acquaintance".
269:. She spoke no English at the time; however, she and Wellesley lived together for eight years without marrying. In 1781, Richard Wellesley succeeded as 2nd Earl of Mornington.
722:
597:
360:, Roland did not accompany him although he attempted to persuade her on many occasions. Roland was seeking evidence for a divorce as early as 1795.
556:
528:
244:
There were rumours Roland's biological father was
Christopher Alexander Fagan, and she was later adopted by Pierre Roland. The 1976 edition of
221:
Roland was the legal daughter of Pierre Roland (or
Rolland), a Paris-based merchant or banker, and Hyacinthe-Gabrielle Varis, an actress or
402:
659:
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119:
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Roland became the
Countess of Mornington upon marriage, but she was a social outcast. Though Wellesley's mother,
168:
428:
273:
571:
773:
290:
465:
Montgomery-Massingberd, Hugh. Burke's Irish Family
Records. London, U.K.: Burkes Peerage Ltd, 1976. Page 400
783:
43:
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197: – 5 November 1816) was a French actress who became the mistress, and later the wife, of
768:
345:
788:
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226:
229:, which houses the Wellesley family papers, estimates Roland's birth year to be 1760. Cockayne's
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380:, the husband to her daughter Hyacinthe-Marie. She was laid to rest at St. Michael's Church in
753:
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estimate her birth year to be between 1766 and 1771 in editions published after her death.
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25:
8:
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723:"WALHOUSE (afterwards LITTLETON), Edward John (1791-1863), of Teddesley Park, Staffs"
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refused to call on Roland. The
Viscountess Melbourne scolded her daughter-in-law,
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606:
476:
373:
85:
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Gerald Wellesley (1792–1833), served as the East India Company's resident at
429:"MS 63 Carver manuscripts | Special Collections | University of Southampton"
365:
318:
298:
276:, London. Prior to their marriage, they had three sons and two daughters:
572:"British Library Untold Lives blog - Gerald Wellesley's secret family"
403:"Sur la piste des ancêtres français de la famille royale d'Angleterre"
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Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), volume IX, page 236.
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A Right Royal Scandal: Two Marriages That Changed History
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A Right Royal Scandal: Two Marriages That Changed History
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477:"The Eldest Brother: the Marquess Wellesley 1760-1842"
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The Eldest Brother - the Marquess Wellesley 1760-1842
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Hyacinthe-Gabrielle Wellesley, Countess of Mornington
272:
Roland and Wellesley married on 29 November 1794 at
690:
688:
745:
209:, Roland was a great-great-great grandmother of
695:Joanne Major; Sarah Murden (30 November 2016).
685:
658:Joanne Major, Sarah Murden (30 November 2016).
317:Rev. Henry Wellesley (1794–1866), Principal of
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304:Hyacinthe Mary Wellesley (1789–1849), married
601:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
555:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
527:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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36:
451:
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199:Richard Wellesley, 1st Marquess Wellesley
120:Richard Wellesley, 1st Marquess Wellesley
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401:Beaucarnot, Jean-Louis (4 August 2010).
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135:
16:French actress turned British aristocrat
598:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
340:
746:
642:
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376:, Staffordshire, a house belonging to
216:
306:Edward Littleton, 1st Baron Hatherton
259:Garret Wesley, 1st Earl of Mornington
384:where her family posted a memorial.
283:(1787–1831), a Member of Parliament
13:
372:Roland died on 5 November 1816 at
349:Memorial at St. Michael's Church,
293:, and secondly Lieutenant-Colonel
265:where she was an actress known as
201:. As an actress, she was known as
14:
800:
591:
515:Burke's Landed Gentry of Ireland
407:La Revue française de Généalogie
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701:. Pen and Sword. pp. 17–.
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647:. London: Hodder and Stoughton.
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475:Marshall, P. J. (1 July 1975).
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257:Richard Wellesley, the son of
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779:French expatriates in England
764:18th-century French actresses
481:The English Historical Review
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297:. Great-great-grandmother to
291:Sir William Abdy, 7th Baronet
289:(1788–1875), married firstly
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58:
615:UK public library membership
545:. London. 1976. p. 400.
543:Burke's Irish Family Records
517:. London. 1958. p. 262.
246:Burke's Irish Family Records
7:
633:Pan Books Edition 1965 p.91
274:St George's, Hanover Square
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10:
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55:Hyacinthe-Gabrielle Roland
30:The Countess of Mornington
493:10.1093/ehr/xc.ccclvi.657
227:University of Southampton
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109:Hyacinthe-Gabrielle Fagan
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205:. Through her daughter,
162:Hyacinthe Mary Wellesley
595:"Wellesley , Richard".
44:Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun
607:10.1093/ref:odnb/29008
353:
727:History of Parliament
643:Butler, Iris (1973).
433:www.southampton.ac.uk
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331:Viscountess Melbourne
295:Lord Charles Bentinck
97:St Michael's Church,
774:French marchionesses
570:Margaret Makepeace.
341:Separation and death
261:, met Roland at the
232:The Complete Peerage
26:The Right Honourable
784:Irish marchionesses
217:Birth and paternity
101:, Staffordshire, UK
88:, Staffordshire, UK
354:
335:Lady Caroline Lamb
211:Queen Elizabeth II
769:French countesses
708:978-1-4738-6342-2
664:. Pen and Sword.
613:(Subscription or
281:Richard Wellesley
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153:Richard Wellesley
82:(aged 55–56)
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299:Elizabeth II
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80:(1816-11-05)
42:Portrait by
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759:1816 deaths
413:17 February
409:(in French)
195: 1766
62: 1766
748:Categories
617:required.)
388:References
551:cite book
523:cite book
501:0013-8266
382:Penkridge
351:Penkridge
321:, Oxford.
99:Penkridge
732:21 March
677:25 April
577:25 April
253:Marriage
223:milliner
146:Children
69:, France
188:Rolland
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312:Indore
225:. The
184:Roland
134:
114:Spouse
438:8 May
182:(née
138:)
130:(
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67:Paris
734:2018
703:ISBN
679:2017
666:ISBN
579:2017
557:link
529:link
497:ISSN
440:2021
415:2022
327:Anne
235:and
207:Anne
136:1794
75:Died
51:Born
603:doi
489:doi
186:or
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687:^
553:}}
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485:XC
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
