162:
606:
279:, Bahrain and the Qatari peninsula and other areas of Eastern Arabia such as Coastal Oman (Modern day UAE). Mainly Sunni Arab maritime families moved due to economic reasons and famine, settling in Southern Iran at different times throughout the 17th to 19th century. They settled on the coasts of Southern Iran. Many Huwala are bilingual, speaking both Arabic and Persian throughout their history.
196:..Groups of Sunni Arabs that migrated from Oman and the eastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula to the Iranian side the Gulf, between Bushehr and Bandar Abbas, probably starting in the eighteenth century. They eventually returned to the Arab side, especially after the discovery of oil and the imposition of restrictive economic policies by Reza Shah in the 1930s
614:
287:
were forced to drop their Arab surnames in favor of city based surnames when signing up for schools or dealing with the
Iranian state. These policies encouraged many Huwala families to move back to the Arab states of the Gulf, many moving to the UAE, Qatar and Bahrain, who offered them refuge and citizenship.
767:[Some may ask why? But once you know the first or replaced surname, you will understand the meaning and purpose of the change, transformation and stripping away from it, in an illogical position other than disavowing their origins, families and lineages in the hope of achieving immediate gains.]
648:
397:
Based on a study in 2013, the researcher noted: the linguistic and religious situation of Sunni
Persians in Bahrain is thorny and sometimes it is intentionally confused between "Hole\Hawala Arabs" and "Sunni Persians". The same study also claims that Sunni Achomis did not face any systematic racism.
149:
Although
Huwalas and Achomis have lived in close proximity to each other in Southern Iran, they are genetically dissimilar. Huwalas are relatively recent inhabitants of Southern Iran migrating from Arabia over the past five centuries. However, some have been residing there since the Sassanians, such
282:
Modern Huwala families have a greater proportion of Arab ancestry than
Persian ancestry, with most individuals having Arabian lineage on their paternal side (Y-DNA). They share common paternal ancestors with Arabians from the Arabian Peninsula, and their last shared ancestors typically date back to
263:
According to the Saudi historian Jalal Al-Haroon, there are two types of
Huwalas. The first type consists of the original Arabs who migrated to Southern Iran from Coastal Eastern Arabia during the 16th and 17th centuries, such as the Bani Hammad, Qawasim, Obaildi, and Al-Harami. The second type of
286:
Many families speaking a Gulf dialect of Arabic in Iran before the forced partial
Persianization by the Pahlavi dynasty discouraging and outright banning Arabic being taught in their areas and enacting policies that supported the break up and banning of tribal identification. Many Huwala families
243:
argues that in response to Reza Shah
Pahlavi's policies of centralization, conscription, civil status reforms, and, most important, the forced unveiling of women led to many of the Achomis to follow the Qasimis back to the Arabian Peninsula, further mixing the Huwala's Arabic and Persian roots.
181:
Little is known about the Arab migrants who settled on the
Iranian coast between Bushehr and Lengeh in the late 1500s. They were a disparate group of small tribes of sailors, traders, fishermen, pearl divers, and cultivators. Although they were all referred to as the Bani Hula, they were not a
176:
Huwala (Arabic: الهولة), is a plural Arabic term for Huwali (Arabic: هولي), which is a word derived from the Arabic verb Huwwal (Arabic: حوّل) which means "to change over". A book by
Dejanirah Couto and Rui Loureiro into Portuguese interactions in Hormuz defines Huwala as "migrant Arabs".
145:
The original
Huwalas are commonly referred to as Arab el-Sahel el-Shargi, but some of them prefer not to be called Huwalas as the term is used for Achomis in the Gulf. On the other hand, Achomis sometimes choose to identify themselves as Huwalas due to societal pressure to assimilate.
640:
123:, as opposed the majority Persian Twelver Shia and similar to Sunni Peninsular Arabs. Most of the Huwala have remigrated back to the Arabian Peninsula between late 19th century and early 20th century. The imposition of restrictive economic policies by
255:, a tangy Iranian/Achomi cuisine fish sauce was also introduced by the Huwala Arabs to the Arabian peninsula and many associate the sauce with the Achomis. However, the Huwala Arabs do not use the word Mahyawa, they refer to it as Tarih (طريح).
94:
of tribal lineage who initially migrated to Iran in the 13th and 14th century and intermixed with the indigenous population of older Arabic-speaking background. Such migrations continued till around 19th century to the area which is now
270:
The Huwala seem to have a different origin to other Iranian Arabs such as Khuzestanis or Ahwazis, according to scholarly consensus and Huwala's own origin narrative, they immigrated from numerous areas of Eastern Arabia, some from
264:
Huwalas refers to the indigenous people of Southern Iran who resided under the rule of the aforementioned tribes and later migrated back with them to Arabia during the 20th century after the invasion by the Iranian government.
228:. The Qasimis remained in control of Bandar Lengeh and surrounding region until 1887, when they were defeated by the British in their self proclaimed “anti-piracy” campaign which Emirati based scholars (including current
223:
acknowledged a fait accompli and recognized a Qasimi as local ruler (farmandar) of Bandar Lengeh. At about the same time the Zands allowed the British East India Company to establish its residency and presence in
386:
in Iran are surprised by the claim of their Arab lineage and completely reject it. As the saying goes, "The people of Mecca know its pathways best," so why do some insist on claiming the "Arabness" of these
142:, Janahi, Khaloori, Zarooni, and Bastaki. It specifically refers to the actual Arab Huwalas (Arab El-Sahel), which encompasses the Qawasem, Hammadi, Al Nasur/Nassour, Obaidli, and Bani Tamim tribes.
765:قد يسأل البعض لماذا؟ ولكن مجرد أن تعرف اللقب الأول أو المستبدل ستفهم المغزى والهدف من التبديل والتحول والتعري منه، في موقفٍ غير منطقي سوى التبرؤ من أصولهم وعوائلهم وأنسابهم طمعاً في تحقيق مكاسب آنية
236:) argue was a myth used to dominate trade routes to India and Iraq. The Qasimis retreated to the southern coast of the Gulf, and their Iranian domains reverted to nominal rule by Tehran.
520:
239:
The Achomi (Larestani) Iranian population lived on the coast alongside the Qasimis. They prospered under Al Qasimi rule as merchants in pearl trading. Author
153:
Some families of non-Arab origins have adopted the surnames of Arabian Huwala tribes. For example, they are often Hammadi and Marzooqi only in name.
730:
1375:
1355:
299:
is a reasonably large town which is fortifies in the local manner and which has some pieces of artillery. it is inhabited by a tribe of
1360:
460:
Al-Atiqi, Imad, 2019, The Late Arabs of Iran a reading in historical sources before three centuries, Al-Darah, vol 45 no. 3, July 2019
1365:
834:
516:
777:
Revisiting Hormuz: Portuguese Interactions in the Persian Gulf Region in the ... edited by Dejanirah Couto, Rui Loureiro p.93
753:
320:
Baron van Kniphausen, The Blood-red Arab Flag: An Investigation Into Qasimi Piracy, 1797-1820 By Charles E. Davies, p.173
542:
1350:
544:
Iranians in Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates: Migration, Minorities, and Identities in the Persian Gulf Arab States
283:
the last few centuries. This indicates their migration to the southern coast of Iran took place during that period.
1214:
807:
580:
451:
The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 7 By William Bayne Fisher, P. Avery, G. R. G. Hambly, C. Melville, P.512
827:
233:
609:[How can they be a Huwala when they never spoke Arabic and only learned it in the Gulf countries?].
215:
tribal affiliation, once a major maritime power, took control of southern Iranian coasts and islands around
1269:
478:
Waqai-I Manazil-I Rum; Tipu Sultan's Mission to Constantinople – January 1, 2005 by Mohibbul Hasan, p20
168:
was the economic centre of the Huwala merchant families in Dubai and introduced the design of Iranian
1370:
432:
1274:
820:
267:
The first type of Huwalas are now referred to Arab Fāris (عرب فارس) or Arab al-Sāḥil (عرب الساحل).
182:
uniform group. In fact, they were each other's fiercest competitors for access to the pearl banks.
724:
17:
1147:
878:
1235:
1289:
8:
1077:
708:
992:
867:
422:
417:
127:
in the 1930s led to the migration of most of the Huwala back to the Arabian Peninsula.
100:
1314:
1261:
1251:
1152:
551:
427:
1119:
982:
938:
886:
27:
Term usually used to refer to Iranian Arabs originating from the Arabian Peninsula
843:
412:
240:
79:
55:
1329:
1127:
1091:
1054:
1047:
1040:
961:
917:
906:
495:"Iranian and Arab in the Gulf: Endangered Language, Windtowers, and Fish Sauce"
745:
607:"كيف يكونون هولة وهم لم يتحدثوا العربية اطلاقا ولم يتعلموها الا في دول الخليج"
1344:
1230:
1183:
1142:
1105:
975:
872:
857:
555:
407:
216:
187:
The Persian Gulf: The Hula Arabs of The Shibkuh Coast of Iran by Willem Floor
116:
104:
91:
1193:
1070:
1003:
862:
220:
169:
165:
108:
790:
1299:
1294:
1178:
1026:
1010:
335:
120:
67:
51:
161:
954:
139:
710:مالك بالطويلة 6 | كيف وصلت القبائل العربية إلى إيران وما هي قصة الهولة
643:[Sunni Ajams in the Gulf did not face racial discrimination].
499:
University of Durham, Institute for Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies
1319:
1309:
1279:
1157:
1061:
997:
968:
328:
296:
212:
131:
124:
1284:
572:
494:
1324:
1099:
1085:
896:
791:"عوائل الهولة التي إستقرت في المنطقة الشرقية بعد عودتهم من بر فارس"
517:"Persian (Larestani/Khodmooni) Sunnis – A shaping force in Bahrain"
276:
812:
1188:
1132:
1112:
1034:
924:
304:
252:
229:
225:
1304:
1198:
1137:
945:
901:
891:
375:
312:
300:
272:
1162:
1017:
911:
379:
112:
575:[Identity imaginations of “Al-Huwala” in the Gulf].
932:
383:
308:
135:
96:
469:
Studia Iranica - Volumes 1-2 و P. Geuthner, 1972 Page 80
86:, sing. Huwali هولي) also collectively referred to as
550:. The University of Arizona. pp. 101, 102, 103.
368:
688:الهارون, جلال خالد; الأنصاري, جمال خالد الهاورن.
201:The Persian Gulf in History by Lawrence G. Potter
1342:
641:"العجم السنة في الخليج لم يواجهوا تمييزاً عرقيا"
315:but they do not recognise his authority any more
307:these have been in earlier times subject to the
696:] (in Arabic). pp. 13, 16, 18, 20, 22.
828:
534:
90:, is a blanket term usually used to refer to
510:
508:
192:Author Lawrence G. Potter defines Huwala as
729:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
694:History of Arab tribes on the Persian coast
687:
675:History of South Persia Laristan and Bastak
835:
821:
130:The term "Huwala" does not refer to Sunni
690:تاريخ القبائل العربية في السواحل الفارسية
573:"مُتخيّلات الهوية لدى "الهوله" في الخليج"
505:
160:
743:
492:
14:
1343:
258:
816:
785:
783:
635:
633:
631:
540:
514:
706:
601:
599:
597:
567:
565:
488:
486:
484:
41:Regions with significant populations
1376:Iranian diaspora in the Middle East
842:
493:Limbert, John W. (16 August 2016).
83:
24:
1356:Bahraini people of Iranian descent
780:
668:
628:
369:Intentional confusion with Achomis
290:
25:
1387:
1361:Kuwaiti people of Iranian descent
801:
594:
562:
481:
1366:Persian communities outside Iran
808:Huwala/Arab El-Sahel DNA Project
771:
756:from the original on 2017-05-11
737:
700:
681:
662:
651:from the original on 2023-06-10
617:from the original on 2024-09-03
583:from the original on 2024-09-07
523:from the original on 2024-06-25
671:تاريخ جنوب فارس لارستان و بستك
472:
463:
454:
445:
362:Al Nasur/Nassour or Al-Mathkur
211:In the 18th century, the Arab
13:
1:
645:مركز المسبار للدراسات والبحوث
577:البيت الخليجي للدراسات والنشر
438:
234:Sultan bin Muhammad Al-Qasimi
744:الفردان, هاني (2015-02-22).
156:
7:
1270:Proto-Indo-Iranian paganism
401:
10:
1392:
247:
206:
1351:History of Eastern Arabia
1260:
1244:
1223:
1207:
1171:
850:
647:(in Arabic). 2013-09-15.
579:(in Arabic). 2019-09-01.
433:Culture of Eastern Arabia
150:as the Bani Tamim tribe.
66:
61:
50:
45:
40:
1275:Ancient Iranian religion
134:Achomi families such as
115:, and the mainland near
1215:Ancient Iranian peoples
392:A forum user commented.
395:
323:
219:. In 1779 the Iranian
204:
190:
173:
1172:Related ethnic groups
750:صحيفة الوسط البحرينية
372:
342:Al Haram or Al-Harami
294:
194:
179:
164:
119:. The Huwala follows
1236:Proto-Indo-Europeans
1148:Tats of the Caucasus
746:"موضة تغيير الألقاب"
719:– via YouTube.
541:McCoy, Eric (2008).
515:ADMIN (2016-07-19).
707:MBC1 (2024-03-29).
677:]. p. 207.
259:Identity and origin
37:
423:History of Bahrain
174:
101:Hormozgan Province
33:
1338:
1337:
1262:Iranian religions
1252:Iranian languages
1122:
1115:
1108:
1094:
1080:
1073:
1064:
1057:
1050:
1043:
1029:
1020:
1013:
1006:
985:
978:
971:
964:
957:
948:
941:
927:
920:
881:
428:History of Kuwait
73:
72:
16:(Redirected from
1383:
1371:African diaspora
1118:
1111:
1104:
1090:
1076:
1069:
1060:
1053:
1046:
1039:
1025:
1016:
1009:
1002:
981:
974:
967:
960:
953:
944:
937:
923:
916:
877:
837:
830:
823:
814:
813:
795:
794:
787:
778:
775:
769:
768:
762:
761:
741:
735:
734:
728:
720:
718:
717:
704:
698:
697:
685:
679:
678:
666:
660:
659:
657:
656:
637:
626:
625:
623:
622:
603:
592:
591:
589:
588:
569:
560:
559:
549:
538:
532:
531:
529:
528:
512:
503:
502:
490:
479:
476:
470:
467:
461:
458:
452:
449:
393:
321:
202:
188:
85:
38:
32:
21:
1391:
1390:
1386:
1385:
1384:
1382:
1381:
1380:
1341:
1340:
1339:
1334:
1256:
1240:
1219:
1208:Ancient peoples
1203:
1167:
868:'Ajam of Kuwait
846:
844:Iranian peoples
841:
804:
799:
798:
789:
788:
781:
776:
772:
759:
757:
742:
738:
722:
721:
715:
713:
705:
701:
686:
682:
669:کوخردی, مهران.
667:
663:
654:
652:
639:
638:
629:
620:
618:
611:arabalsahel.com
605:
604:
595:
586:
584:
571:
570:
563:
547:
539:
535:
526:
524:
513:
506:
491:
482:
477:
473:
468:
464:
459:
455:
450:
446:
441:
413:Ajam of Bahrain
404:
394:
391:
371:
366:
322:
319:
293:
291:Huwala families
261:
250:
241:John W. Limbert
209:
203:
200:
189:
186:
159:
35:
31:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1389:
1379:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1336:
1335:
1333:
1332:
1330:Zoroastrianism
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1266:
1264:
1258:
1257:
1255:
1254:
1248:
1246:
1242:
1241:
1239:
1238:
1233:
1227:
1225:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1217:
1211:
1209:
1205:
1204:
1202:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1175:
1173:
1169:
1168:
1166:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1124:
1123:
1116:
1109:
1097:
1096:
1095:
1092:Pashtun tribes
1083:
1082:
1081:
1074:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1058:
1044:
1041:Chinese Tajiks
1032:
1031:
1030:
1023:
1022:
1021:
1007:
995:
990:
989:
988:
987:
986:
972:
965:
958:
951:
950:
949:
930:
929:
928:
921:
918:Kurdish tribes
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
883:
882:
870:
865:
860:
854:
852:
848:
847:
840:
839:
832:
825:
817:
811:
810:
803:
802:External links
800:
797:
796:
779:
770:
736:
699:
680:
661:
627:
593:
561:
533:
504:
480:
471:
462:
453:
443:
442:
440:
437:
436:
435:
430:
425:
420:
418:Ajam of Kuwait
415:
410:
403:
400:
389:
374:The people of
370:
367:
365:
364:
359:
354:
349:
344:
339:
332:
324:
317:
292:
289:
260:
257:
249:
246:
208:
205:
198:
184:
158:
155:
71:
70:
64:
63:
59:
58:
48:
47:
43:
42:
29:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1388:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1346:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1259:
1253:
1250:
1249:
1247:
1243:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1231:Indo-Iranians
1229:
1228:
1226:
1222:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1184:Bukharan Jews
1182:
1180:
1177:
1176:
1174:
1170:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1121:
1117:
1114:
1110:
1107:
1106:Arab-Persians
1103:
1102:
1101:
1098:
1093:
1089:
1088:
1087:
1084:
1079:
1075:
1072:
1068:
1063:
1059:
1056:
1052:
1051:
1049:
1045:
1042:
1038:
1037:
1036:
1033:
1028:
1024:
1019:
1015:
1014:
1012:
1008:
1005:
1001:
1000:
999:
996:
994:
991:
984:
980:
979:
977:
976:Southern Lurs
973:
970:
966:
963:
959:
956:
952:
947:
943:
942:
940:
936:
935:
934:
931:
926:
922:
919:
915:
914:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
880:
879:Baloch tribes
876:
875:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
855:
853:
851:Ethnic groups
849:
845:
838:
833:
831:
826:
824:
819:
818:
815:
809:
806:
805:
792:
786:
784:
774:
766:
755:
752:(in Arabic).
751:
747:
740:
732:
726:
725:cite AV media
712:
711:
703:
695:
691:
684:
676:
672:
665:
650:
646:
642:
636:
634:
632:
616:
612:
608:
602:
600:
598:
582:
578:
574:
568:
566:
557:
553:
546:
545:
537:
522:
518:
511:
509:
500:
496:
489:
487:
485:
475:
466:
457:
448:
444:
434:
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
409:
408:Arab-Persians
406:
405:
399:
388:
385:
381:
377:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
345:
343:
340:
338:
337:
333:
331:
330:
326:
325:
316:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
288:
284:
280:
278:
274:
268:
265:
256:
254:
245:
242:
237:
235:
231:
227:
222:
218:
217:Bandar Lengeh
214:
197:
193:
183:
178:
171:
167:
163:
154:
151:
147:
143:
141:
137:
133:
128:
126:
122:
118:
117:Bandar Lengeh
114:
110:
106:
105:Fars Province
102:
98:
93:
92:Iranian Arabs
89:
81:
77:
69:
65:
60:
57:
53:
49:
44:
39:
19:
1290:Baháʼí Faith
1194:Persian Jews
1153:Tats of Iran
1078:Yidgha–Munji
993:Mazanderanis
773:
764:
758:. Retrieved
749:
739:
714:. Retrieved
709:
702:
693:
689:
683:
674:
670:
664:
653:. Retrieved
644:
619:. Retrieved
610:
585:. Retrieved
576:
543:
536:
525:. Retrieved
498:
474:
465:
456:
447:
396:
373:
361:
356:
351:
346:
341:
334:
327:
295:
285:
281:
269:
266:
262:
251:
238:
221:Zand dynasty
210:
195:
191:
180:
175:
170:Windcatchers
166:Al Bastakiya
152:
148:
144:
129:
109:Bandar Abbas
87:
75:
74:
30:Ethnic group
1300:Manichaeism
1295:Khurramites
1179:Armeno-Tats
336:Al Marzooqi
121:Sunni Islam
88:Bani Huwala
68:Sunni Islam
52:Gulf Arabic
1345:Categories
955:Feyli Lurs
939:Bakhtiaris
887:Bashkardis
760:2024-09-07
716:2024-09-07
655:2024-09-07
621:2024-09-07
587:2024-09-07
527:2024-09-07
439:References
352:Al Obaidly
347:Al Hammadi
1320:Yarsanism
1310:Mazdaznan
1305:Mazdakism
1280:Assianism
1245:Languages
1158:Yaghnobis
1113:Basseries
1062:Oroshoris
998:Ossetians
983:Mamasanis
969:Hasanvand
556:659750775
329:Al Qasimi
213:Al Qasimi
157:Etymology
132:Larestani
125:Reza Shah
107:, mainly
46:Languages
36:الهُوِلَة
1325:Yazidism
1315:Scythian
1128:Semnanis
1120:Sistanis
1100:Persians
1086:Pashtuns
1055:Badzhuis
1048:Shughnis
962:Hadavand
907:Kumzaris
897:Farsiwan
892:Dehwaris
754:Archived
649:Archived
615:Archived
581:Archived
521:Archived
402:See also
390:—
387:regions?
357:Al-Malki
318:—
277:Al-Qatif
199:—
185:—
62:Religion
1189:Hazaras
1143:Talyshs
1133:Shabaks
1035:Pamiris
946:Shehnis
925:Yazidis
873:Balochs
858:Achomis
305:Qawasim
303:called
253:Mahyawa
248:Culture
230:Sharjah
226:Bushehr
207:History
140:Kandari
1285:Bábism
1224:Origin
1199:Shihuh
1138:Tajiks
1071:Wakhis
1018:Kudars
1004:Digors
902:Gilaks
863:Aimaqs
554:
382:, and
376:Bastak
313:muscat
301:Huwala
273:Tarout
232:ruler
136:Awadhi
84:الهولة
80:Arabic
76:Huwala
56:Achomi
18:Huwala
1163:Zazas
1027:Jaszs
1011:Irons
912:Kurds
692:[
673:[
548:(PDF)
380:Khonj
275:near
113:Qishm
34:Houla
933:Lurs
731:link
552:OCLC
384:Awad
309:imam
103:and
97:Iran
311:of
297:Zur
99:'s
1347::
782:^
763:.
748:.
727:}}
723:{{
630:^
613:.
596:^
564:^
519:.
507:^
497:.
483:^
378:,
138:,
111:,
82::
54:,
836:e
829:t
822:v
793:.
733:)
658:.
624:.
590:.
558:.
530:.
501:.
172:.
78:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
