Homelessness in California

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number increased 6% in California, and less than half a percent in the rest of the country. In 2021, 19% of Californians surveyed said they or someone close to them had been homeless at some point during the previous five years. 36% of homeless people in California are categorized as "chronically homeless"—which means that "they have a long-standing disability that significantly impedes their ability to live independently and have been unhoused for a consecutive year or on at least four occasions within a three-year period." The other 64% are categorized as "experiencing short-term homelessness" though many of them may have been homeless for similarly long periods of time but do not have "a long-standing disability" of the sort that meets the "chronically homeless" definition. 80% of homeless people in California are adults not with children, and an estimated 40% of those are aged 50 and older. 14% are families with children. 7% are unaccompanied youth (where "youth" is defined as being under age 25).

197:, the authors studied per capita homelessness rates across the country along with what possible factors might be influencing the rates. They found that high rates of homelessness are caused by shortages of affordable housing, not by mental illness, drug addiction, or poverty. They found that mental illness, drug addiction, and poverty occur nationwide, but not all places have equally expensive housing costs. For example, two states with high rates of opioid addiction—Arkansas and West Virginia—both have low per capita rates of homelessness, because of low housing prices. With respect to poverty, the city of Detroit is one of the poorest cities, yet Detroit's per capita homelessness rate is 20% that of West Coast cities like Seattle, Portland, San Francisco, Los Angeles, and San Diego. The 630:

governments take inventory of existing public restroom facilities and provide a report to the State Department of Public Health so that public databases with information on the availability, location, etc. of these facilities could be created and accessed by the public. This bill mentioned creating internet databases and a dissemination of this information in "user-friendly" formats particularly so that it was "available to agencies and service providers that work directly with homeless populations within the local government's jurisdiction." This bill died in committee for the 2021–2022 legislature session but was reintroduced by Quirk-Silva under the same name for the 23–24 session and is currently being reviewed in committee.

230:(the closing of state mental hospitals which confined mentally ill people) between the 1960s and 1980s, ostensibly in favor of smaller community-based psychiatric inpatient units, was not accompanied by a compensatory increase in such community-based units. This was also the case in California, and as a result there are fewer adult psychiatric residential, acute, and sub-acute slots available than would be necessary to meet the need. A survey of homeless adults in California found that 19% had transitioned into homelessness directly from an institutional setting such as a jail or prison, and most reported having received no sort of transitional services to prevent this. 494:

some counties are to begin implementing the program in Fall 2023. Under the provisions of the bill, families, clinicians, first-responders, and behavior control specialists may petition the CARE Court, and after a clinical assessment that the person who is the subject of the petition is severely endangered or a threat to others as a result of untreated schizophrenia or psychosis, a judge would be authorized to mandate up to 24 months of court-ordered medication, substance abuse treatment, and housing. A bipartisan group of mayors gave tentative support. The group Disability Rights California has sued in an attempt to stop the implementation of the law.

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for its resources but rather are being priced out of their homes. The city's homeless population has been estimated at 7,000–10,000 people, of which approximately 3,000–5,000 refuse shelter due to the conditions within the shelters—including violence, racism, and homophobia and transphobia. There are only 1,339 available shelter beds for the approximately 10,000 people sleeping outdoors. The city spends $ 200 million a year on homelessness-related programs. On May 3, 2004, San Francisco officially began an attempt to scale back the scope of its homelessness problem by changing its strategy from cash payments to the "

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different parts of downtown. Once they cleared an area, they would stay for seven days before moving on to another area. In 2015, the city was spending roughly $ 100 million a year on homelessness with approximately half of this funding going to policing the homeless population. Proposition HHH was approved by voters 77% to 23% in 2016. This was a $ 1.2 billion bond measure to build permanent supportive housing for homeless people and people at risk of becoming homeless. Rising rent and relatively few laws protecting tenants from predatory landlords are significant drivers of surging homelessness in Los Angeles.

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Rather, the most relevant factors in the homelessness crisis are rent prices and vacancy rates. Colburn and Aldern note that some urban areas with very high rates of poverty (Detroit, Miami-Dade County, Philadelphia) have among the lowest homelessness rates in the country, and some places with relatively low poverty rates (Santa Clara County, San Francisco, Boston) have relatively high rates of homelessness. The same pattern holds for unemployment rates: "Homelessness is abundant," the authors write, "only in areas with robust labor markets and low rates of unemployment—booming coastal cities."

276:(HUD) created and began funding the Youth Homelessness Demonstration Program (YHDP) to prevent, reduce, and end youth homelessness by developing and implementing targeted funding and resources through a community approach. For FY 2022, the HUD awarded $ 60 million to target youth homelessness in 16 specific communities, including California's Riverside County, which received a $ 7,487,462 grant. A press release by the HUD said this funding is to "support a wide range of housing programs, including rapid rehousing, permanent supportive housing, transitional housing, and host homes." 776: 737: 681: 926: 882:

residence for people who live in their cars, complete with restroom and shower facilities. The City of San Diego currently has 2,040 emergency and bridge shelters for homeless people, providing temporary housing options. The City of San Diego adopted a "Housing First" program in 2018, which plans to spend $ 79.7 million for programs assisting homeless people including temporary housing development, permanent housing development, rent assistance, and incentives for landlords to rent to homeless people.

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on their second offence, and on their third offence can be arrested. While enforcement of the policy is contingent on availability of shelter space, police may issue citations to those encamped close to schools, existing shelters, along train and trolley lines, and in public spaces in which encampment may create a public health risk at any time regardless of shelter space. To address the lack of shelter beds, the city is creating two "safe sleeping" lots at

851:. The outbreak affected the homeless population due to inadequate sanitation in San Diego, from inadequate handwashing stations, and locked public restrooms. In response to the health crisis, San Diego opened three emergency shelters which are expected to cost $ 12.9 million per year to operate. The city approved a 500-bin storage center for homeless people to store their belongings. 890:'s B street lot and parking lot O. The 136 tent and 400 tent sites can house people per-tent and, at full capacity, can accommodate between 516 and 1032 people. The sites provide their own tents as well as bathrooms, showers, meals, assistance to additional housing services, and 24-hour security. Residence may also bring domestic pets such as cats and dogs. 700:

homeless people in L.A. County declined slightly). The number who were "chronically homeless" (homeless for more than a year with a disabling condition) had increased to 32,000 people. 31% of homeless residents of L.A. County were Black, 43% Latino, 2% Asian. 25% reported experiencing severe mental illness, and 30% reported having a substance use disorder.

596:...the City of Grants Pass cannot, consistent with the Eighth Amendment, enforce its anti-camping ordinances against homeless persons for the mere act of sleeping outside with rudimentary protection from the elements, or for sleeping in their car at night, when there is no other place in the City for them to go. 715:

in an opinion piece said that homelessness had reached emergency levels in L.A. County, with over 900 people dying on the streets in 2018, and over a thousand projected to die in 2019. Exposure to the elements cuts the lifespan of those who survive on the streets by 20 years. He attributed the crisis

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Additionally, the study found that women and trans and gender-non-conforming people were more prone to experiencing physical and especially sexual violence than cisgendered men were. Physical violence is a common experience for all groups: 70% of cisgendered men experience it, 75% of cisgender women,

260:

According to the Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress for 2020, 36% of homeless youth (defined as people under the age of 25) in the United States live in California. As of January 2022, 7% of those who are homeless in California are considered to be unaccompanied youth (people under the age

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In their University of California Press book "Homelessness is a Housing Problem," authors Clayton Page Aldern and Gregg Colburn looked at various contributing issues of homelessness, including mental illness and addiction, and the per capita rate of homelessness around the country. By looking at the

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In 2018, a count of homeless in Los Angeles County, found 565 homeless Native Americans; it is believed that this count is below the actual amount of homeless Native Americans. In 2019, a count of homeless found 1,692 Native Americans who were unsheltered in Los Angeles County; the majority of those

699:

In June 2023, L.A. County officials reported that according to a point-in-time survey, over 75,500 people were homeless in the county, which was up from 69,000 the previous year, and 70% higher than 2015. The number who were unsheltered rose at an even higher rate, to 55,000 (the number of sheltered

657:

Politicians and policy makers from California visited Texas cities and homeless organizations to try and learn how Texas's solutions have succeeded and how those lessons can be applied in California. Experts say that the largest reason that California has a per-capita homelessness rate of five times

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he Eighth Amendment prohibits the imposition of criminal penalties for sitting, sleeping, or lying outside on public property for homeless individuals who cannot obtain shelter.... That is, as long as there is no option of sleeping indoors, the government cannot criminalize indigent, homeless people

527:

In 2022 California launched the CalAIM program under which a small number of particularly vulnerable patients can use their health insurance plans to help them find affordable housing, pay rental deposits, prevent evictions, or address health hazards in the home. A pilot program conducted in Alameda

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Another bill, 2023's SB43, makes it easier for the government to involuntarily confine and treat a person with a mental illness (which for the purposes of this law includes someone with a substance use disorder) who is "unable to provide for their personal safety or necessary medical care." The bill

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The city of San Francisco, California, has a significant and visible homelessness problem. Approximately 61% of the homeless population were already living and working in San Francisco when they became homeless, indicating that a majority of people experiencing homelessness did not come to the city

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In June 2023, the city of San Diego passed a ban on public camping. Enforcement of the new ordinance went into effect in late July. The ordinance creates a new "3 strike" system in which a person is first informed about the new law and given information for other services, then issued a misdemeanor

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The Los Angeles Police Department has issued citations and fines against people living in public areas as part of the Safer Cities Initiative that began in September 2006. This Central Police division's initiative entailed assigning fifty full-time officers to clearing out "homeless encampments" in

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Los Angeles spent $ 619 million on 36,000 homeless people in 2019, approximately $ 17,194 per person; however, the number of people who are homeless continues to grow. Peter Lynn, head of the Los Angeles Homeless Service Authority (LAHSA) who saw homelessness rise 33% during his five years in spite

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The climate in California is relatively mild compared to many other regions of the United States. Especially because housing is very expensive in California, people with limited resources may rationally prioritize spending on things other than housing even if this threatens to lead to homelessness,

157:

Street medicine is defined as "health and social services developed specifically to address the unique needs and circumstances of the unsheltered homeless, delivered directly to them in their own environment." Health services provided via street medicine include chronic condition diagnosis, disease

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Two solutions would work. We need a new type of detention within the justice system – one dedicated to drug treatment and mental health. And we need to lengthen jail terms for misdemeanors. That may sound odd, but it's rational. A misdemeanor is a crime for which someone spends 364 days or less in

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But when Colburn compared cities with high and low numbers of homelessness based on poverty, drug use and mental health treatment factors, there was a clear answer that housing plays an outsize role in homelessness — and most academics have agreed on it for a while. It just hasn't been embraced by

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Long Beach Deputy City Manager Teresa Chandler announced in an August 2024 memo the enforcement of the city's anti-camping ordinance by issuing a misdemeanor citation to unhoused individuals. The city did not disclose the cost of the citation or what the length of jail time would be for people who

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declared a "state of emergency" and issued an executive order aimed at removing hurdles to developing affordable housing and shelters for homeless people. The order instructs city agencies to process the bureaucratic paperwork associated with such projects within sixty days, rather than the six to

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in parts of the state as alternatives to homeless encampments. A total of 1,200 small homes would be distributed among four locations: Los Angeles (500 units), San Diego County (150 units), San Jose (200 units), and Sacramento (350 units). The goal, to provide safe, interim housing for individuals

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briefly threatened to withhold homelessness-related state financial support from the state's counties in response to what he called "simply unacceptable" homelessness reduction plans that the counties had submitted. Those plans, if successful, would have reduced homelessness by a mere 2% over four

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In California housing costs are exceptionally high and the supply of affordable housing is low. California ranks second from the bottom among U.S. states in the number of housing units per capita. As of 2021 California had only 24 homes that were considered affordable and available for each 100 of

493:

A law enacted in September 2022 with broad bipartisan support established county-level "CARE courts", which can order some people with untreated schizophrenia or psychosis into housing and treatment programs. It includes sanctions for counties that do not comply with the program by December 2024;

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It does not appear to be the case that large numbers of homeless people migrate to California from elsewhere. A representative survey of homeless adults in California found that 90% had been living in California at the time they became homeless (and 75% were currently living in the same county in

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This opinion frees up California governments to again criminalize homelessness (not directly, by criminalizing the status of being homeless, which would still be unconstitutional under surviving precedent, but indirectly, by criminalizing, for example, sleeping outdoors because one is homeless).

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In February 2023, California's Interagency Council on Homelessness reported that the state had spent $ 9.6 billion on alleviating homelessness between 2018 and 2021, and had provided related services to 571,000 people during that time. However, most of those served did not end up housed, and the

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Existing law in California requires that establishments run by public agencies must have bathroom facilities available for the public, provided without any cost or charge. However, the Right to Restrooms Act of 2021 introduced by Calif. Assembly member Quirk-Silva would have required that local

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and other restrictions on residential development. In 2021 new California laws limited the ability of local governments to prevent the building of housing with regulations like these, and in 2023 the state government became more assertive about rejecting local housing & zoning plans that it

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In 1993 the U.S. government created the "Continuum of Care" (CoC) system, which divides states into regions containing organizations like homeless services providers and local governments, for the purpose of Housing and Urban Development department funding. There are 44 such CoCs in California.

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Many homeless youth are considered to be "throwaway youth", e.g. adolescents that were forced out of their homes and onto the streets. There may be multiple reasons for this, such as parents unaccepting of gender identity or sexual orientation, pregnancy, abuse, etc. Other homeless youth may be

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for each such person hospitalized. More than three-quarters of homeless California adults surveyed reported having been jailed or imprisoned at some point. Recent California reforms meant to relax this mass incarceration have had the effect of releasing many mentally ill prisoners, whose mental

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65% of those surveyed said they had regularly used illegal drugs at some point in their lives, and 62% said they had at some point been heavy drinkers. 57% had been treated for substance use disorder at some point. 31% were current users of methamphetamines, 16% abused alcohol. 20% had required

118:

In 2007–2023, California experienced higher increases in the number of people experiencing homelessness than any other state. Between 2010 and 2020, the number of people experiencing homelessness in California increased by 31%, while nationwide the number fell by 18%. Between 2020 and 2022, the

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In their book, Homelessness Is a Housing Problem, the University of Washington professor Gregg Colburn and the data scientist Clayton Page Aldern demonstrate that "the homelessness crisis in coastal cities cannot be explained by disproportionate levels of drug use, mental illness, or poverty."

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An October 2018 report by Leilani Farha, the UN's Special Rapporteur on the Right to Adequate Housing, said that "cruel and inhuman" conditions for homeless people in the Bay Area violate human rights, which include being denied "access to water, sanitation and health services, and other basic

881:

The City of San Diego took action to alleviate the homeless population by encouraging housing within vehicles. In February 2019, San Diego repealed a long-standing law that made living within vehicles illegal. This came two years after the construction of a parking lot designed to provide safe

788:

Santa Monica experienced a 19% decrease in the number of homeless people downtown, with a 3% increase in overall homelessness in 2019. Positive results are credited to outreach and engagement strategies and to prioritizing homelessness. Rising homeless numbers are attributed to the Los Angeles

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signed Senate Bill 1152, mandating that hospitals have a discharge plan for homeless patients before discharging them and that they ensure such patients have food, shelter, medicine, and clothes for their posthospital care. While many homeless people are eligible for free health insurance from

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Texas spends almost all of its homeless dollars on permanent housing, while California splits its funding between temporary shelters and permanent housing. Texas agencies coordinate and work together, whereas in California they do not, as exemplified by Los Angeles County, where four separate

1008:

A preliminary 2018 count released by the Ventura County Continuum of Care Alliance board indicated that the county's population of homeless men, women, and children was 1,299. It was also reported that there was an increase of 24% for the unsheltered population. Overall, in 2017, the City of

210:

A 2002 study found "that the incidence of homelessness varies inversely with housing vacancy rates and positively with the market rent for just-standard housing" and concluded that "moderate increases in housing vacancy rates and moderate decreases in market rents are sufficient to generate

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and poverty. California has the second lowest number of housing units per capita, and an estimated shortage of one million homes affordable to the lowest income renters. Another 2022 study found that moderate decreases in rents would lead to significant declines in homelessness. A 2023 study

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stated that the order was "a misdirection of a systemic problem onto the victims." The order did not explicitly mandate that alternative shelter be provided to homeless encampment residents, although it does require agencies and urges local leaders to connect people with service providers.

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California is home to 12 percent of the U.S. population, but 22 percent of its homeless people. Cities that have seen dramatic rent increases, such as San Francisco and Los Angeles, attribute their spikes in homelessness directly to a state housing shortage that has led to an unprecedented

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poll, 95% of voters called homelessness a serious or very serious problem in the city, more than for any other issue. L.A. County officials reported that in 2019 there were over 39,000 homeless people in the city. More homeless people die from hypothermia in Los Angeles (average winter low

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proposed in a 2018 opinion piece that a new form of detention be created as a method to force drug-addicted and mentally ill homeless people (who he claims make up two-thirds of California's homeless population) off the streets and into treatment, as well as to lengthen the jail terms for

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accumulate multiple citations. Simultaneously, the memo called for increasing funding for motel vouchers and permanent housing to provide people a route out of shelters, and called for hiring more staff for the Department of Homeless Services and other agencies working with the homeless.

469:

Project Homekey is a continuation of Project Roomkey that focuses on the creation of low-cost housing by repurposing hotels, motels, vacant apartments, and other buildings. Phase one received $ 600 million in funding from the United States federal government's Coronavirus Aid Relief Fund

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A proposition on the Nov 2018 elections ballot (Proposition C), would apply a tax to the gross receipts of San Francisco's largest companies. The revenue from the tax would add up to $ 300 million a year to the city's homelessness budget (double what it is right now). It would also fund

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Deinstitutionalization coincided with the swelling of the U.S. prison system, and many people who previously would have been confined and/or treated in state mental hospitals became imprisoned in jails and state prisons instead. In 2012 there were about ten seriously mentally ill people

291:

The study showed that the majority of the homeless population consists of cisgender men (69%) while women make up 30% and those identified as non-binary or trans are 1%. As for sexuality, about "9% of participants identified as being lesbian, gay, bisexual, pansexual, queer, or another

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temporarily restricted California governments' abilities to enforce such anti-vagrancy laws. The court held that cities could not criminalize sleeping outdoors on public property if there were not enough shelter beds available for homeless people, as this would be a violation of the

311:

The California State Auditor reported in 2021 that "t least nine state agencies administer and oversee 41 different programs that provide funding to mitigate homelessness, yet no single entity oversees the State's efforts or is responsible for developing a statewide strategic plan."

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In an attempt to improve policymaker legibility, California adopted the Homeless Data Integration System (HDIS) in April 2021. It coordinates and consolidates data collected by the state CoCs. HDIS is administered by the California Interagency Council on Homelessness.

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that of Texas is because housing is much more expensive in California; with the median one-bedroom unit in California renting for $ 2,200 per month, while in Texas it is $ 1,200. Housing costs are higher because California has much stricter land-use regulation and

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There are an estimated 4,021 homeless young-adults between the ages of 18 and 24 on any given night in L.A. County as of 2019, a 22% increase over 2018, per the Greater Los Angeles Youth Homeless Count. The count defines youth as people 24 years old and younger.

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is anticipated in California in 2024 under the provisions of which the state would issue bonds to pay for new residential behavioral health facilities as well as housing and residential services for people with mental illness and substance abuse disorders.

50:(meaning they sleep on the streets, in encampments, or in their cars), which is the highest percentage of any state in the United States. 49% of the unsheltered homeless people in the United States live in California. Even those who are sheltered are so 728:

Native Americans counted identified as men, and had a higher rate of identification as LGBT compared to the total unsheltered population. In 2020, of the 66,436 homeless counted in Los Angeles County, 1.1% identified as American-Indian/Alaskan Native.

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in a way that would be less-rational in a place where homelessness means exposure to a more dire environment. Some evidence for this is that even within California, rates of homelessness are lower in regions that experience colder winter temperatures.

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The high court declined to hear a landmark case on homelessness, letting stand a ruling that amounts to a broad curb on police powers in nine Western states, including California, to stop people from sleeping on public property if no other shelter is

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A representative survey of homeless adults in California found that 82% had experienced a mental health condition at some point, 66% were currently experiencing symptoms of mental illness, and 27% had been hospitalized for mental health reasons.

617:, ruled that the Ninth Circuit had decided the case wrongly, and that "The enforcement of generally applicable laws regulating camping on public property does not constitute 'cruel and unusual punishment' prohibited by the Eighth Amendment." 706:

The Board of Supervisors of L.A. County wrote to the State Legislature asking that California "pass a resolution urging the Governor to declare a state of emergency with respect to homelessness" in June 2016. In 2019, California governor

466:. The program was slated to end in late 2020, but continued with state and local funding. The program housed homeless people in vacant motel or hotel rooms, particularly people aged 65 or older or who had an underlying medical condition. 995:

The rising cost of rent and property prices forced hundreds of middle-class people, including teachers, chefs, and nurses, to live out of their cars in parking lots. In 2017 a count showed 1,489 homeless people. There were 44 deaths in

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officers and supervisors testified that they routinely "cleared" downtown streets of "transients" by rounding them up before dawn and moving them to other jurisdictions such as National City or other unincorporated areas in the county.

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rate of homeless per 1,000 people, they found communities with the highest housing costs had some of the highest rates of homelessness, something that might be overlooked when looking at just the overall raw number of homeless people.

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were spreading in homeless shelters throughout California. These outbreaks have been described as a "public-health crisis" and a "disaster" by public health officials who are concerned they might spread into the general population.

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In August 2019, the city of Sacramento filed a lawsuit against seven transients accused of theft, drugs, assaults, and having weapons. The lawsuit seeks to exclude them from the business corridor around Land Park and Curtis Park.

327:

On September 22, 2023, Governor Newsom announced $ 20 million in grants to 22 Native American tribes in California. The goal was to address housing insecurity and to prevent homelessness in Native American communities.

389:—which both became law—aimed to reduce bureaucratic and local government roadblocks to building housing. SB35 made it easier to get multifamily housing developments approved, while SB9 allowed many homeowners to build 824:

count is a federally required biennial census of homeless people to collect demographic data and other information and to determine how much federal funding Orange County will receive to address homelessness issues.

5652: 768:. A report from the L.A. Controller's office criticized the implementation of the measure: five years after it passed, only 14% of the housing had been completed, and the average per-unit cost was about $ 600,000. 5291: 662:

laws (Houston, for example, has no zoning) making it much harder to build housing: in 2022, Texas issued more than twice as many housing permits as California, even though California has nine million more people.

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In November 2022, voters approved Measure ULA, a tax on high-price real estate sales with the proceeds designated to fund affordable housing and homelessness services. The tax went into effect on 1 April 2023.

902:. In February 2024 the city rejected the state and county “Housing First” initiatives to solve homelessness. Instead, the Escondido City Council voted 4-1 in favor of their own "public safety first" strategy. 3889: 5077: 872:

San Diego has a history of insufficient healthcare provided to the homeless population, with a majority of homeless people in 1989 lacking any regular access to healthcare. During a criminal trial in 1990,

801:, found that the amount of people unhoused who were experiencing some level of homelessness was 3,296 people. That was a 62% increase compared to 2020, the last time the city conducted a similar report. 789:

housing crisis. Santa Monica has approximately 400 emergency shelter beds across 330 permanent supportive housing (PSH) units, and provides an access center for showering, mail, and medical assistance.

942:" plan, which however has had no visible impact on reducing homelessness in the city. In 2010, a city ordinance was passed to disallow sitting and lying down on public sidewalks for most of the day. 5619: 5087: 308:

model to govern all of its state programs that provide shelter to people experiencing homelessness. The chronic housing shortage in California made such a model difficult to implement in practice.

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experienced a double-digit increase in its homeless population from 2016 and 63 deaths. Ventura residents have placed pressure on city leaders to do more about the growing homelessness problem.

288:, explored the current state of homelessness in California, providing insights into the current realities of those experiencing homelessness, including women and people in the LGBTQ+ community. 857:

A 2023 count showed 10,203 homeless people throughout San Diego County according to the volunteer organization WeAllCount which conducts an annual Point-in-Time count, a 14% increase from 2022.

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reported that many bus ticket recipients were missing, unreachable, in jail, or homeless within a month after leaving San Francisco, and one out of eight returned to the city within a year.

474:) and California's general fund, and ended in December 2020. Under this program, local governments purchased 94 hotels and motels and converted them into some 6,000 permanent housing units. 337:

and Type Investigations found that the state has paid $ 100 million to private companies to clear homeless encampments, with allegations of mistreatment by the homeless and their advocates.

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programs operating in California. The average program had 615 patients and conducted 2,352 patient visits, but most programs had fewer than 500 patients and conducted fewer than 500 visits.

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jail. But in big counties, if a person is convicted for a misdemeanor, that person may spend less than a day in jail. This is too short to conduct any meaningful assessment or intervention.

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in January 2023. This is one of the highest per capita rates in the nation, with 0.46% of residents estimated as being homeless. More than two-thirds of homeless people in California are

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Local governments in California have experimented with criminalizing homelessness. For example, some jurisdictions have tried criminalizing sleeping outdoors or in motor vehicles.

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In September 2022, the Ninth Circuit reaffirmed this restriction, invalidating the use of anti-sleeping, anti-camping, and park exclusion ordinances to criminalize homelessness:

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and 87% of transgender/ non-binary people. Sexual violence was "more common among cisgender women (43%) and trans/non-binary (74%) participants rather than cisgender men (17%)."

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A 2017 census in Orange County, California recorded 4,792 homeless people. 193 homeless people died in 2017, with drug overdoses and suicides being the leading causes of death.

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viewed as being unreasonably restrictive—in some cases this meant that proposed developments would be approved by default without the explicit approval of local authorities.

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medical attention for an overdose. 24% saw their substance use as a problem. Of those who used drugs or alcohol regularly, 20% wanted treatment but were unable to obtain it.

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In early 2024, Gov. Newsom reported that a total of 15,000 units of housing had been created through Project Homekey, exhausting the $ 3.5 billion allocated to the project.

4695: 344:, which allows cities to enforce bans or criminalize people on outdoor sleeping in public places. California Governor Gavin Newsom issued an executive order directing the 4594: 820:

The 2019 Orange County Point in Time count documented 6,860 homeless people. Per the count, 2,899 of them had found some type of shelter, while 3,961 had no shelter. The

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declared a state of emergency in response to the homeless crisis. The declaration would reduce red tape in approving contracts and projects to address homelessness.

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is a homeless relief program designed to mitigate the spread of the COVID-19 virus among homeless people. It began in March 2020, with funding largely coming from

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illnesses, compounded by the trauma of incarceration, and combined with the stigma of being an ex-con, can make it especially difficult for them to find housing.

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experiencing homelessness. Such tiny houses can be built for about $ 73,000, which is a fraction of the cost of building permanent housing in the state.

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model of eliminating health and safety hazards in homeless encampments, regardless of whether homeless shelters were available in surrounding areas. The

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years. Newsom relented two weeks later, releasing the funds on the condition that the counties submit more ambitious plans for the next set of grants.

2818:"Homelessness in California State Government and the Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority Need to Strengthen Their Efforts to Address Homelessness" 2778: 1454: 5196: 2919: 2193: 3818: 2056: 1708: 1803: 284:

A 2023 study called The California Statewide Study of People Experiencing Homelessness (CASPEH), conducted and published by a research team at the

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of 25 not accompanied by parents or guardians). More than 220,000 public school (K–12) students in California experienced homelessness in 2020–21.

2149: 3897: 2094: 2843: 6173: 3342: 3792: 5771: 4782: 4345: 3272: 2498: 821: 1669: 2168: 970:, and prevention to keep people from becoming homeless. It passed with 61% of the vote and was upheld as valid by the state Supreme Court. 3028: 703:

A 2013 census noted that 18.2% had a physical disability; 68.2% of homeless people were male, and 57.6% were between 25 and 54 years old.

5157: 273: 190:

the lowest income renter households, putting the housing shortage in California for this category of renters at about one million homes.

3170: 265:"runaway youth" who flee their homes and live on the streets. Abuse, neglect, conflict, or poverty are among the reasons they run away. 203:

noted that large cities like Los Angeles and San Francisco attribute increases in the number of people experiencing homelessness to the

6327: 6285: 5673: 5311: 5284: 5138: 1022: 349: 78: 4092: 2869: 3945: 2530: 2293: 1925: 4066: 3995:

Hu, Dale J.; Covell, Ruth M.; Morgan, Jeffrey; Arcia, John (March 1989). "Health care needs for children of the recently homeless".

3558: 946:

necessities." Farha's fact finding mission found conditions in homeless encampments rivaling the most impoverished neighborhoods in

6197: 5749: 5228: 4851: 4512: 1516: 1432: 4423: 4167: 2648: 2517: 2003: 1951: 1162: 136:

In a survey of homeless adults in California, 45% rated their health as "poor or fair" and 60% reported having a chronic disease.

5777: 5714: 5218: 5162: 3613: 3591: 3531: 2895: 1301: 353: 285: 218:

has contributed to the problem through aggressive evictions and rent increases of some 43-64% on vacant properties in two years.

107: 51: 4245: 6270: 5826: 5734: 5186: 5036: 4299: 3639: 3422: 3286: 3057: 2568: 1862: 861: 3837: 5744: 3614:"Latest Point in Time count finds almost 7,000 homeless people in Orange County; local cities see increases in their numbers" 2947: 1899: 1539: 1128: 54:, with 90% of homeless adults in California reporting that they spent at least one night unsheltered in the past six months. 4721: 1829:"The State's Uncoordinated Approach to Addressing Homelessness Has Hampered the Effectiveness of Its Efforts (cover letter)" 400:

sentiment, in part from homeowners who benefit from the rising prices associated with restricted housing supply, has led to

128: 5177: 4961: 2445: 1625: 5223: 3477: 2714: 2479: 2075: 2004:"'Where do you expect people to go?': What we know about the governor's order to clear homeless encampments in California" 836:

A report outlining the key findings from the 2017 Point-In-Time (PIT) count and Housing Inventory Count (HIC), found that

6614: 6275: 5972: 5942: 5739: 5211: 5123: 4195: 1881: 3919: 3253: 2134: 1416: 6466: 6392: 6023: 5558: 4966: 2690: 2218: 2028:"The State's Uncoordinated Approach to Addressing Homelessness Has Hampered the Effectiveness of Its Efforts (summary)" 610: 499: 3189: 2998: 2460: 749:

temperature: 49 °F (9 °C)) than in New York City (average winter low temperature: 26 °F (−3 °C)).

6420: 6307: 6260: 5793: 5683: 5307: 5128: 5108: 5041: 4906: 4775: 3741:"Governor Brown Declares State of Emergency to Increase Supply of Hepatitis A Vaccines | Governor Edmund G. Brown Jr" 3394: 3156: 2426: 2113:"Governor Newsom Announces $ 1 Billion in Homelessness Funding, Launches State's Largest Mobilization of Small Homes" 1562: 133:

In 2019, homeless people were hospitalized in California 119,815 times and made 324,823 emergency department visits.

4270: 3510: 3102: 1388: 1090: 506:

in 1967, which restricted the government's ability to involuntarily confine and treat people with mental illnesses.

6565: 6255: 5591: 4991: 4485: 382: 357: 2551: 6535: 5957: 4921: 2800:"2013 Greater Los Angeles Homeless Count: Overall Results for the Los Angeles Continuum of Care [Slides]" 3368: 2750: 854:

In 2018 San Diego County was the 4th largest in the United States with 8,576 people experiencing homelessness.

761:

nine months the agencies are accustomed to, and reduces the number of regulatory veto points for such projects.

6609: 6183: 5947: 5729: 5233: 5172: 4956: 4951: 4449: 2609: 2595:

Gloria Johnson and John Logan, on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated v. City of Grants Pass

2354: 2255: 1482: 1323: 1120: 693: 448: 341: 3691: 1804:"California Statewide Study of People Experiencing Homelessness | Benioff Homelessness and Housing Initiative" 1688: 1373: 1344: 1051: 6345: 5962: 5927: 5428: 5118: 5011: 4916: 4891: 920: 528:

County in 2016–2021 assisted 30,000 patients. Of those who were homeless, 36% ended up in permanent housing.

515: 503: 435:, it can be arduous for homeless people to apply, causing many homeless people to not have health insurance. 3076: 2972: 1651: 65:

in per capita homelessness rates across the United States are not due to differing rates of mental illness,

6509: 6227: 5967: 5031: 4936: 4926: 4911: 4901: 4886: 4866: 4831: 4821: 4791: 4768: 3740: 3314: 837: 4466:

Egelko, Bob "Calif. Supreme Court lets 2018’s Prop. C stand, frees up $ 492 million in SF homeless funds"

1769: 1696:, The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development: Office of Community Planning and Development, 2021 847:

throughout California resulted in a declaration of a health emergency by both The County of San Diego and

6570: 6540: 6397: 6090: 5624: 5443: 5358: 5238: 5167: 5092: 4871: 4816: 4806: 874: 393:

on their property or to subdivide their property into an additional lot on which a house could be built.

184: 58: 4118:"Emergency & Bridge Shelters - Daily Count | Homeless Services | City of San Diego Official Website" 4039: 1977: 6312: 5819: 5478: 5473: 4986: 4881: 4856: 4811: 4142: 531:

California asked the federal government for permission to also issue short-term rent subsidies through

6560: 6367: 6248: 6163: 6035: 5533: 5438: 5413: 5016: 4896: 4760: 2236: 3449: 1598:"New Report Claims Blackstone Group is Buying San Diego's Affordable Housing, Hiking Up Rent Prices" 6499: 6476: 6360: 6292: 6222: 6158: 5639: 5553: 5483: 5458: 5433: 5423: 5408: 5388: 5353: 5343: 5145: 5021: 4976: 4876: 3103:"95% of voters say homelessness is L.A.'s biggest problem, Times poll finds. 'You can't escape it'" 30: 4353: 2150:"The homeless often don't receive health care in California despite qualifying for free insurance" 898:

A report from The Regional Task Force on Homelessness (RTFH) in 2023 found 304 unhoused people in

6530: 6471: 6456: 6451: 6446: 6425: 6322: 6302: 6212: 5932: 5704: 5688: 5393: 5373: 5368: 5338: 5328: 5206: 5150: 4117: 1227: 887: 4424:"UN report: San Francisco's 'cruel and inhuman' homelessness crisis is a human rights violation" 3423:"It's seen as one of L.A.'s most successful housing programs. A lawsuit seeks to strike it down" 1389:"Toward a New Understanding: The California Statewide Study of People Experiencing Homelessness" 1091:"Toward a New Understanding: The California Statewide Study of People Experiencing Homelessness" 580:

for sleeping outdoors, on public property, on the false premise they had a choice in the matter.

6525: 6494: 6461: 6430: 6377: 6317: 6243: 6178: 5849: 5508: 5403: 5378: 5333: 5276: 5243: 5082: 1863:"About-face: Why Newsom relented, released $ 1 billion despite lackluster local homeless plans" 805: 345: 227: 3584:"Homeless people will face fines, possible arrest in Long Beach crackdown, city official says" 2446:"Gavin Newsom signs law in 'overhaul' of mental health system. It changes decades of practice" 110:

also found that the high cost of housing was the greatest obstacle to reducing homelessness.

6590: 6504: 6382: 6355: 6350: 6217: 6126: 6106: 6018: 5812: 5538: 5418: 4826: 4619: 2298: 1254: 899: 692:

As of February 2022 more than 40% of people experiencing homelessness in California lived in

685: 642:'s decreased by 28%. For select cities and localities, the divergence was even greater, with 4326:"Drugs, thefts, assaults: Sacramento wants to ban 7 people from prominent business corridor" 2920:"LA County's homeless youth are harder to find, but each year volunteers seek to count them" 2461:"Newsom wants voters to OK his new plan to get mentally ill homeless people off the streets" 1882:"California homelessness: Where are the state's billions going? Here's the new, best answer" 6372: 6142: 5543: 5498: 5398: 5258: 5046: 997: 401: 269: 4325: 2649:"Divided Supreme Court rules in major homelessness case that outdoor sleeping bans are OK" 2569:"Supreme Court decision on homeless case is a blow to cities wanting more policing powers" 775: 8: 5859: 5788: 4981: 2996: 2531:"Los Angeles criminalizes being homeless in almost every area of city with new ordinance" 2402:"What we know about Newsom's plan to compel care for homeless, mentally ill Californians" 2027: 1828: 1745: 1010: 967: 455:

using Homekey funds and converted to public housing for people experiencing homelessness.

414: 386: 4513:"San Francisco to Expand Access to Homeward Bound Program to Better Meet Clients' Needs" 2552:"How a federal court ruling on Boise's homeless camping ban has rippled across the West" 2355:"Opposition mounts against Newsom's plan for court-ordered treatment of homeless people" 268:

The issue of youth homelessness is recognized by the federal government and in the 2016

6168: 6083: 5911: 4846: 4491: 4330: 4020: 3666:"For Orange County's homeless population, 2017 was the second deadliest year on record" 3315:"Homelessness in L.A. is a catastrophe in motion, and our leaders are largely to blame" 1724: 983: 765: 736: 712: 647: 638:

From 2012 to 2022, California's state-wide homeless population increased by 43%, while

89:

have homelessness rates five times as high as areas with much lower housing costs like

1534: 6068: 6013: 5889: 4941: 4537: 4044: 4012: 3838:"Stepped-up homeless efforts include shelters, diversion programs, other initiatives" 3427: 3319: 3291: 3258: 3237: 3220: 3194: 3133: 2783: 2573: 1199: 1167: 1134: 1124: 643: 552: 4024: 1195:"Is homelessness a housing problem? Two Seattle experts make their case in new book" 214:

In San Diego, according to a 2023 report by the Private Equity Stakeholder Project,

6121: 6116: 6053: 6030: 5982: 5952: 5854: 5583: 5253: 4004: 3232: 963: 764:

In 2016, voters approved a $ 1.2 billion bond measure designed to create permanent

498:

was signed into law in October 2023. The new law undoes some of the reforms of the

204: 102: 4486:"Homeless Residents Got One-Way Tickets Out of Town. Many Returned to the Streets" 4300:"Escondido rejects state's 'housing first' for their own approach to homelessness" 2817: 2384:"When homelessness and mental illness overlap, is forced treatment compassionate?" 973:

The City of San Francisco has a program called Homeward Bound, first started when

680: 6008: 5879: 5783: 4378: 3157:"L.A. has great weather, yet more homeless die of the cold here than in New York" 2751:"How Texas shrank its homelessness population — and what it can teach California" 1671:

The Treatment of Persons with Mental Illness in Prisons and Jails: A State Survey

696:. The homeless population of L.A. County increased by 65% between 2020 and 2022. 566: 459: 215: 159: 74: 26:

on East 12th Street in Oakland, California, set up by local homeless people, 2019

3946:"Homelessness in San Diego County increased by at least 14%, annual count finds" 3129:"Homelessness jumps 12% in L.A. County and 16% in the city; officials 'stunned'" 6078: 6063: 6058: 5987: 5201: 3864:"Four out-of-the-box ideas California cities are using to address homelessness" 3793:"County, City Say They're Taking Steps to Move Quickly on Hepatitis A Outbreak" 3287:"L.A. spent $ 619 million on homelessness last year. Has it made a difference?" 2499:"Prescription for Housing? California Wants Medicaid to Cover 6 Months of Rent" 1952:"The Supreme Court says cities can punish people for sleeping in public places" 1116:

Homelessness is a housing problem: how structural factors explain U.S. patterns

925: 199: 66: 4595:"Report shows insights to the homeless death increase in Santa Barbara County" 1138: 6603: 6111: 5884: 5874: 4221:"San Diego safe sleeping sites will help shelter growing homeless population" 1844:"Newsom rejects every California city's homelessness plan in stinging rebuke" 978: 939: 930: 724:

of $ 780 million in additional funding, resigned his job at the end of 2019.

305: 94: 3559:"Long Beach declares a state of emergency on homelessness - CBS Los Angeles" 3503:"Long Beach's new mayor calls for state of emergency to tackle homelessness" 539:, to patients who are homeless or who are vulnerable to losing their homes. 6073: 6003: 5977: 5937: 5835: 5601: 4749: 4546: 3819:"Public Restrooms in East Village Remain Locked Despite Hepatitis Outbreak" 2135:"Bill Text - SB-1152 Hospital patient discharge process: Homeless patients" 1459: 1114: 974: 708: 333: 316: 146: 141: 4646:"Ventura County Board of Supervisors pushes to open shelters for homeless" 4016: 3254:"Why most of the $ 100 million L.A. spends on homelessness goes to police" 3190:"Bass issues sweeping directive to fast track affordable housing projects" 1710:

More Support Needed For California K-12 Students Experiencing Homelessness

1163:"Cause of homelessness? It's not drugs or mental illness, researchers say" 61:

is the primary driver of the homelessness crisis. A 2022 study found that

18: 5869: 5724: 1770:"HUD Awards $ 60 Million to Address Youth Homelessness in 16 Communities" 1626:"Town hall: America's largest landlord raises rent, evicts tenants in SD" 955: 848: 844: 427: 413:

In 2023, California announced plans to spend $ 30 million to build 1,200

390: 82: 2997:

Los Angeles City/County Native American Indian Commission (March 2019).

2844:"LA County Looks to Expand Welfare Payments to Residents Living in Cars" 2115:(Press release). Sacramento. California's Governor Office. 16 March 2023 1926:"Revealed: how companies made $ 100m clearing California homeless camps" 443: 5320: 4754: 4067:"San Diego repeals law prohibiting homeless people from living in cars" 4008: 3343:"Despite Increased Spending, Homelessness Up 12% In Los Angeles County" 2896:"LA County to Launch the 2020 Greater Los Angeles Youth Homeless Count" 2256:"California's homelessness crisis — and possible solutions — explained" 2041: 757: 486: 158:

management, and preventive medicine. As of 2021 there were at least 25

4790: 3972:"Number of newly homeless people again outpaced number housed in June" 2691:"Bill Text - AB-1017 Public restrooms: Right to Restrooms Act of 2021" 2626:"In major decision, Supreme Court allows cities to ban homeless camps" 2329: 2044:. State of California Business, Consumer Services, and Housing Agency. 1253:

Quigley, John M.; Raphael, Stephen; Smolensky, Eugene (3 April 2002).

145:

reported that outbreaks of what it called "Medieval diseases" such as

6137: 6132: 5864: 1277:"Who's unhoused in California? Largest study in decades upends myths" 1223:"The Obvious Answer to Homelessness - And why everyone's ignoring it" 471: 324:

number of homeless people in the state increased during that period.

86: 23: 3767:"Deadliest outbreak of hepatitis A in decades kills 14 in San Diego" 2948:"California's homeless crisis is not performance art: John Phillips" 2382:

Dembosky, April; Templeton, Amelia; Feibel, Carrie (31 March 2023).

2194:"City of Oakland Opens Clifton Hall to Unsheltered Seniors, Begins…" 2169:"How a stylish Oakland dorm has become much-needed homeless housing" 860:

Veterans make up a significant portion of this population, with 814

4093:"New parking lot opens for San Diego's homeless living in vehicles" 3399: 3171:"City Begins Taxing on the Sales of Mansions Exceeding $ 5 Million" 1978:"Newsom Orders California Officials to Remove Homeless Encampments" 536: 532: 432: 90: 4722:"Ventura residents demand action on homeless after fatal stabbing" 4396: 4324:

STANTON, SAM; CLIFT, THERESA; MOLESKI, VINCENT (August 16, 2019).

2999:"Understanding Native American Homelessness in Los Angeles County" 2237:"California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD)" 981:

sent 10,500 homeless people out of town by bus. A 2019 article in

6387: 4671:"Ventura County's homeless population sees double-digit increase" 3395:"High rents create a new class of hidden homeless in Los Angeles" 2598:, 50 F.4th 787 (9th Cir. September 28, 2022). 716:

to rising rents, lack of affordable housing, and stagnant wages.

651: 509: 452: 98: 70: 5306: 3077:"Lost Angeles: Understanding LA's out-of-control homeless issue" 2973:"Top Los Angeles homeless official steps down as crisis deepens" 1774:

HUD.gov / U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)

1750:

HUD.gov / U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)

5894: 5804: 3890:"San Diego again has 4th-largest homeless population in nation" 3716:"San Diego Declares Health Emergency Amid Hepatitis A Outbreak" 3692:"The 2017 Annual Homeless Assessment Report (AHAR) to Congress" 1345:"The 2022 Annual Homeless Assessment Report (AHAR) to Congress" 1052:"The 2023 Annual Homeless Assessment Report (AHAR) to Congress" 947: 797:

In a 2022 report from the city of Long Beach, from the seventh

659: 480: 150: 4379:"Housing + Shelter | San Francisco Human Services Agency" 4168:"Police can begin enforcing San Diego's camping ban on Sunday" 2480:"Health Insurance Can Now Help Some Californians Find Housing" 2294:"Opinion: Why building more shelters won't solve homelessness" 2057:"California enacts 2 laws to slice through local zoning rules" 1517:"Homelessness in California: Causes and policy considerations" 340:

In July 2024, following a Supreme Court ruling in the case of

5899: 5263: 5248: 2640: 2275:"Project Homekey: Newsom announces new milestone for housing" 1690:

The 2020 Annual Homeless Assessment Report (AHAR) to Congress

958:. She urged the Bay Area to provide more affordable housing. 951: 639: 548: 397: 3920:"San Diego Has Fourth-Highest Homeless Population In The US" 2870:"Homelessness is reaching an emergency level in Los Angeles" 1521:

Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research Policy Brief

1483:"The California Street Medicine Landscape Survey and Report" 667:

government agencies all compete for the same state dollars.

5904: 2518:"Hiding Homelessness: The Transcarceration of Homelessness" 2095:"Newsom pledges 1,200 tiny homes for California's homeless" 1900:"$ 20 Million for Tribal Homelessness and Housing Projects" 1602: 1108: 1106: 740:

A homeless person in Los Angeles sleeps on the street, 2010

463: 4696:"Memorial honors homeless who have died in Ventura County" 2254:

Levin, Matt; Botts, Jackie; Tobias, Manuela (2 May 2022).

42:

estimated that more than 181,399 people were experiencing

3478:"Santa Monica's Homelessness Strategy is Showing Results" 1352:

United States Department of Housing and Urban Development

1059:

United States Department of Housing and Urban Development

779:

A sprawling homeless encampment in West Los Angeles, 2022

646:'s homelessness increasing by 230% over the same period, 40:

United States Department of Housing and Urban Development

1103: 633: 101:, even though the latter locations have high burdens of 4540:; Wong, Julia Carrie; Lewis, Paul (December 20, 2017). 3640:"Homeless census shows numbers rising in Orange County" 3064:. Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority. 22 June 2021 2614:, 23 U.S. 175 (U.S. June 28, 2024). 2381: 1455:"Medieval Diseases Are Infecting California's Homeless" 1252: 2617: 1322:

Paluch, Jennifer; Herrera, Joseph (21 February 2023).

4450:"Inside the battle over San Francisco's homeless tax" 3421:

Zahniser, David; Khouri, Andrew (September 4, 2019).

2076:"California housing politics enters uncharted waters" 1302:"CoC Homeless Populations and Subpopulations Reports" 1216: 1214: 4143:"HOUSING FIRST – SAN DIEGO Homelessness Action Plan" 3062:

2020 Greater Los Angeles Homeless Count Presentation

4323: 3994: 3532:"2022 Homeless Count and Survey City of Long Beach" 3273:

City Clerk for the City of Los Angeles: Measure HHH

2779:"Homelessness grows 10% in the city of Los Angeles" 1324:"Homeless Populations Are Rising around California" 364: 4484: 3027:Creighton, Molly; Schoen, Elly (20 January 2020). 1211: 542: 522: 4569:"Homeless count numbers show shifts in locations" 4040:"'Greyhound Therapy' Detailed at Officers' Trial" 2841: 2772: 2770: 2768: 2766: 2764: 1652:"Prisons are the 'new asylums' of the US: Report" 6601: 4346:"2013 San Francisco Homeless Count & Survey" 3029:"American Indian and Alaska Native Homelessness" 2744: 2742: 2740: 2738: 2736: 2734: 2253: 2042:"Acting to Prevent, Reduce and End Homelessness" 1433:"People Experiencing Homelessness in California" 1414: 1396:UCSF Benioff Homelessness and Housing Initiative 1156: 1154: 1152: 1150: 1148: 1098:UCSF Benioff Homelessness and Housing Initiative 3188:Smith, Doug; Smith, Dakota (16 December 2022). 3127:Oreskes, Benjamin; Smith, Doug (June 4, 2019). 3026: 1554: 1415:Davalos, Monica; Kimberlin, Sara (March 2023), 1374:"The 2022 CHCF California Health Policy Survey" 1188: 1186: 1184: 1182: 864:. This was a 17% increase from the 2022 count. 711:fulfilled this request. L.A. County Supervisor 438: 299: 129:Homelessness in the United States § Health 6174:International Year of Shelter for the Homeless 3420: 3369:"Staggering homeless count stuns LA officials" 3120: 2761: 1418:Who is Experiencing Homelessness in California 977:was mayor. Between 2005 and 2017, the city of 510:Mental health housing and residential services 346:California Departments of Parks and Recreation 5820: 5772:Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress 5292: 4776: 2867: 2731: 1481:Feldman, Brett J.; et al. (March 2023). 1321: 1255:"Homeless in America, Homeless in California" 1145: 1113:Colburn, Gregg; Aldern, Clayton Page (2022). 1112: 4542:"Bussed out: How America moves its homeless" 4536: 3126: 2674:"CA Health & Safety Code Section 118500" 1179: 840:had 9,160 people experiencing homelessness. 481:Forced mental-health and addiction treatment 377: 3816: 3790: 2777:Vives, Ruben; Smith, Doug (June 29, 2023). 2285: 2225:. California Department of Social Services. 2073: 1879: 1386: 1088: 421: 274:Department of Housing and Urban Development 5827: 5813: 5299: 5285: 4783: 4769: 4592: 3221:"Policy essay on 'Policing the homeless…'" 3214: 3212: 3187: 3058:"Greater Los Angeles Homeless County 2020" 2868:Ridley-Thomas, Mark (September 18, 2019). 2805:. Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority. 2776: 2646: 2549: 1746:"Youth Homelessness Demonstration Program" 1563:"How California's housing crisis happened" 1387:Kushel, Margot; Moore, Tiana (June 2023), 1192: 1089:Kushel, Margot; Moore, Tiana (June 2023), 1023:Homelessness in the United States by state 4719: 4517:SF.gov – City and County of San Francisco 4038:Serrano, Richard A. (November 26, 2016). 3500: 3236: 1677:, Treatment Advocacy Center, 8 April 2014 684:Tents of the homeless on the sidewalk in 354:California Department of Transportation's 221: 3392: 2715:"Bill Status - AB-1297 Public restrooms" 2272: 2054: 1514: 1510: 1508: 1506: 1504: 1502: 1500: 1498: 1496: 1317: 1315: 1084: 1082: 1080: 1078: 1076: 1074: 1072: 1070: 1068: 1046: 1044: 1042: 1040: 1038: 924: 774: 735: 679: 562:Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit's 442: 34:Homeless man in Fresno, California, 2019 29: 17: 5778:Homeless Management Information Systems 4297: 4278:The Regional Task Force on Homelessness 4064: 4037: 3472: 3470: 3284: 3251: 3218: 3209: 3154: 2893: 2748: 2477: 1740: 1738: 1713:, California Budget & Policy Center 1595: 1480: 1421:, California Budget & Policy Center 1410: 1408: 1406: 1404: 1380: 1339: 1337: 783: 573:Eighth Amendment to the US Constitution 286:University of California, San Francisco 211:substantial declines in homelessness." 178: 108:University of California, San Francisco 6602: 4593:Palminteri, John (November 18, 2017). 4478: 4476: 4421: 4190: 4188: 3791:Halverstadt, Lisa (1 September 2017). 3366: 2942: 2940: 2797: 2623: 2550:Greenstone, Scott (6 September 2019). 2528: 2515: 2443: 2377: 2375: 2001: 1975: 1949: 1860: 1798: 1796: 1794: 1792: 1790: 1706: 1452: 1220: 731: 408: 5808: 5280: 4764: 4482: 4447: 4271:"2023-PITC-Regional-Cities-Breakdown" 3969: 3887: 3764: 3581: 3556: 3450:"Top-10 Santa Monica Stories of 2019" 3340: 3312: 2815: 2685: 2683: 2647:Whitehurst, Lindsay (June 28, 2024). 2566: 2458: 2291: 1923: 1880:Christopher, Ben (16 February 2023). 1841: 1649: 1540:National Low Income Housing Coalition 1493: 1312: 1274: 1248: 1246: 1244: 1242: 1160: 1065: 1035: 792: 634:Comparisons to and lessons from Texas 331:An April 2024 joint investigation by 113: 4566: 4090: 3817:Halverstadt, Lisa (17 August 2017). 3467: 3393:Morrison, Matt (February 22, 2019). 2842:City News Service (March 20, 2019). 2496: 2334:California Health and Human Services 2092: 2074:Christopher, Ben (3 February 2023). 1861:Tobias, Manuela (21 November 2022). 1842:White, Jeremy B. (3 November 2022). 1735: 1573:from the original on October 1, 2017 1560: 1401: 1334: 893: 867: 447:Clifton Hall, a former dormitory at 4473: 4185: 3835: 3038:. University of Southern California 2937: 2372: 2273:Tidmarsh, Kevin (18 January 2024). 2055:Thompson, Don (17 September 2021). 1787: 1762: 1623: 1596:Menezes, Shandel (March 25, 2023). 624: 292:non-heterosexual sexual identity". 279: 13: 4720:Hernandez, Jade (April 24, 2018). 4624:VC Reporter | Southland Publishing 4483:Baker, Mike (September 14, 2019). 4448:Kelly, Heather (1 November 2018). 4298:Summers, Dave (29 February 2024). 4250:City of San Diego Official Website 4200:City of San Diego Official Website 4065:Garrick, David (5 February 2019). 3501:Hernandez, Salvador (2022-12-22). 3219:Piquero, Alex R. (November 2010). 3155:Holland, Gale (17 February 2019). 3036:Homeless Policy Research Institute 2680: 2431:California Legislative Information 2306:from the original on June 17, 2018 2147: 1950:Ludden, Jennifer (June 28, 2024). 1239: 849:Governor of California Jerry Brown 248:which they had last had housing). 173: 14: 6626: 5794:State Index on Youth Homelessness 5308:Homelessness in the United States 4743: 4422:Bendix, Aria (October 30, 2018). 3861: 2624:Groppe, Maureen (June 28, 2024). 1707:Kaplan, Jonathan (October 2022), 1487:California Health Care Foundation 799:most-populated city in California 236:incarcerated in the United States 195:Homelessness is a Housing Problem 122: 6586: 6585: 5834: 5653:Republic of the Marshall Islands 4713: 4688: 4663: 4638: 4612: 4586: 4560: 4530: 4505: 4460: 4441: 4415: 4389: 4371: 4338: 4317: 4291: 4263: 4238: 4213: 4160: 4135: 4110: 4084: 4058: 4031: 3988: 3963: 3938: 3912: 3888:Warth, Gary (17 December 2018). 3881: 3855: 3829: 3810: 3784: 3758: 3733: 3708: 3684: 3658: 3632: 3606: 3582:Vives, Ruben (August 16, 2024). 3575: 3550: 3524: 3494: 3442: 3252:Holland, Gale (April 17, 2015). 3238:10.1111/j.1745-9133.2010.00674.x 2166: 1650:Clark, Meredith (8 April 2014). 1561:Hart, Angela (August 21, 2017). 1221:Demsas, Jerusalem (2022-12-12). 1193:Greenstone, Scott (2022-03-22). 990: 914: 815: 383:California Senate Bill 35 (2017) 365:Homeless Data Integration System 358:National Homelessness Law Center 304:In 2016, California adopted the 4091:Lane, Kerri (24 October 2017). 3765:Davis, Kelly (28 August 2017). 3557:Staff, KCAL News (2023-01-12). 3414: 3386: 3360: 3334: 3306: 3278: 3266: 3245: 3225:Criminology & Public Policy 3181: 3163: 3148: 3095: 3050: 3020: 2990: 2965: 2912: 2887: 2861: 2835: 2809: 2791: 2707: 2666: 2601: 2587: 2543: 2509: 2490: 2478:Kendall, Marisa (23 May 2022). 2471: 2459:Angst, Maggie (19 March 2023). 2452: 2437: 2419: 2394: 2347: 2322: 2266: 2247: 2229: 2211: 2186: 2160: 2141: 2127: 2105: 2086: 2067: 2048: 2034: 2020: 1995: 1976:Hubler, Shawn (July 25, 2024). 1969: 1943: 1917: 1892: 1873: 1854: 1835: 1821: 1717: 1700: 1681: 1662: 1643: 1617: 1589: 1527: 1515:Streeter, Jialu L. (May 2022). 1474: 1446: 1425: 1366: 543:Criminalization of homelessness 523:Housing assistance via Medi-Cal 6184:Youth Homelessness Matters Day 5648:Federated States of Micronesia 3367:Reston, Maeve (June 6, 2019). 3285:Holland, Gale (May 11, 2019). 2749:Kendall, Marisa (2023-06-28). 2610:City of Grants Pass v. Johnson 2516:Rankin, Sara K. (April 2021). 2497:Hart, Angela (22 March 2023). 2444:Wiener, Jocelyn (2023-10-10). 1924:Barth, Brian (16 April 2024). 1729:California Coalition for Youth 1453:Gorman, Anna (March 8, 2019). 1440:California Health Care Almanac 1294: 1268: 1121:University of California Press 675: 449:California College of the Arts 342:City of Grants Pass v. Johnson 77:. West Coast cities including 1: 5928:Anti-homelessness legislation 3313:Lopez, Steve (June 4, 2019). 2798:Arnold, Michael (June 2013). 2529:Marcus, Josh (30 July 2021). 2292:Gatto, Mike (June 14, 2018). 1028: 921:Homelessness in San Francisco 905: 756:In December, 2022, new mayor 650:'s increasing by 106%, while 504:governorship of Ronald Reagan 426:In 2019, California Governor 4792:Housing in the United States 4397:"Chronicle Homeless Special" 3341:Scott, Anna (June 4, 2019). 2894:Santana, Rosa (2020-01-07). 2816:Howle, Elaine (April 2018). 2093:Beam, Adam (16 March 2023). 1624:Kim, Juri (April 10, 2023). 1275:Levin, Sam (June 20, 2023). 1262:U.C. Berkeley Working Papers 831: 451:, was bought by the city of 439:Projects Roomkey and Homekey 300:State-level political action 73:, but to differences in the 7: 6091:Homeless Friendly Precincts 4620:"IN BRIEF | April 19, 2018" 3997:Journal of Community Health 2567:Smith, Erika (2019-12-16). 2002:Tucker, Emma (2024-07-26). 1956:National Public Radio (npr) 1016: 670: 609:However, in June 2024, the 185:California housing shortage 10: 6631: 6615:Homelessness in California 4196:"Unsafe Camping Ordinance" 3970:Warth, Gary (2023-07-17). 3083:. Los Angeles. 25 May 2022 3006:Native American Commission 2823:. California State Auditor 2719:leginfo.legislature.ca.gov 2695:leginfo.legislature.ca.gov 1161:Warth, Gary (2022-07-11). 1003: 966:, mental health services, 918: 546: 535:, California's version of 500:Lanterman–Petris–Short Act 242: 182: 126: 59:statewide housing shortage 44:homelessness in California 6583: 6553: 6518: 6487: 6439: 6421:Eastern European children 6413: 6406: 6338: 6236: 6205: 6196: 6151: 6099: 6046: 5996: 5920: 5842: 5763: 5697: 5666: 5638: 5600: 5582: 5319: 5101: 5060: 4799: 485:Former state Assemblyman 378:Housing roadblock reforms 6159:Homelessness Action Week 5640:Freely Associated States 5620:Northern Mariana Islands 5078:Northern Mariana Islands 4071:sandiegouniontribune.com 3868:sandiegouniontribune.com 3842:sandiegouniontribune.com 2900:Supervisor Hilda L Solis 422:Hospital discharge plans 255: 6256:Latin American children 4468:San Francisco Chronicle 4246:"Safe Sleeping Program" 3976:San Diego Union-Tribune 3894:San Diego Union-Tribune 2848:NBC Southern California 2173:San Francisco Chronicle 1206:the general public yet. 1119:. Oakland, California: 843:In 2017 an outbreak of 226:A nationwide policy of 6179:Street Child World Cup 6164:Homeless Persons' Week 5244:Missing middle housing 5158:Housing discrimination 5139:San Francisco Bay Area 3670:Orange County Register 3644:Orange County Register 934: 780: 741: 689: 615:Grants Pass v. Johnson 607: 603:Johnson v. Grants Pass 590: 502:, a law dating to the 456: 228:deinstitutionalization 222:Deinstitutionalization 35: 27: 6610:Housing in California 6127:Single-room occupancy 6019:Homelessness services 4794:by state or territory 2653:Associated Press News 2522:California Law Review 2299:San Jose Mercury News 1808:homelessness.ucsf.edu 1584:affordability crisis. 928: 804:In January 2023, the 778: 739: 686:Skid Row, Los Angeles 683: 654:'s decreased by 57%. 594: 577: 446: 33: 21: 6346:Bangladeshi children 6143:Transitional housing 5592:District of Columbia 5259:Single-family zoning 3008:. Los Angeles County 2427:"Senate Bill No. 43" 998:Santa Barbara County 784:City of Santa Monica 744:According to a 2019 402:single-family zoning 387:Senate Bill 9 (2021) 179:Insufficient housing 5968:Vulnerability Index 5789:Point-In-Time Count 5755:Relocation programs 5630:U.S. Virgin Islands 5088:U.S. Virgin Islands 4700:Ventura County Star 4675:Ventura County Star 4650:Ventura County Star 3482:www.santamonica.gov 1904:California Governor 968:addiction treatment 929:A homeless camp in 732:City of Los Angeles 409:Tiny house villages 6169:Homeless World Cup 5764:Homeless Analytics 5715:Housing insecurity 5667:Metropolitan areas 5219:Subsidized housing 5163:Housing insecurity 4492:The New York Times 4403:. January 16, 2004 4331:The Sacramento Bee 4009:10.1007/BF01324435 3926:. 17 December 2018 3823:Voice of San Diego 3797:Voice of San Diego 3745:archive.gov.ca.gov 3672:. January 18, 2018 3536:City of Long Beach 3275:, October 29, 2016 2503:Kaiser Health News 2465:The Sacramento Bee 1982:The New York Times 1567:The Sacramento Bee 1376:. 27 January 2022. 984:The New York Times 935: 806:City of Long Beach 793:City of Long Beach 781: 766:supportive housing 742: 713:Mark Ridley-Thomas 694:Los Angeles County 690: 648:Los Angeles County 457: 315:In November 2022, 114:Scope of the issue 36: 28: 6597: 6596: 6579: 6578: 6549: 6548: 6393:Filipino children 6223:Ghanaian children 6192: 6191: 6069:Four penny coffin 6014:Homeless ministry 5802: 5801: 5710:Encampment sweeps 5658:Republic of Palau 5274: 5273: 5187:Mortgage industry 4573:Santa Maria Times 4567:Anderson, Logan. 4225:KPBS Public Media 4172:KPBS Public Media 4045:Los Angeles Times 3950:KPBS Public Media 3924:KPBS Public Media 3588:Los Angeles Times 3507:Los Angeles Times 3428:Los Angeles Times 3320:Los Angeles Times 3292:Los Angeles Times 3259:Los Angeles Times 3195:Los Angeles Times 3134:Los Angeles Times 3107:Los Angeles Times 2784:Los Angeles Times 2574:Los Angeles Times 2554:. Idaho Statesman 2406:Los Angeles Times 2219:"Project Roomkey" 1200:The Seattle Times 1168:Los Angeles Times 1130:978-0-520-38376-0 894:City of Escondido 868:City of San Diego 862:homeless veterans 746:Los Angeles Times 644:Sacramento County 553:Sit-lie ordinance 516:ballot initiative 350:Fish and Wildlife 193:In the 2022 book 106:published by the 6622: 6589: 6588: 6566:Papua New Guinea 6411: 6410: 6203: 6202: 6122:Right to housing 6117:Rapid Re-Housing 6054:Homeless shelter 6044: 6043: 6031:Street newspaper 5983:Social cleansing 5829: 5822: 5815: 5806: 5805: 5698:Homeless Related 5584:Federal district 5301: 5294: 5287: 5278: 5277: 5254:Parking mandates 5207:Right to housing 5093:Washington, D.C. 4785: 4778: 4771: 4762: 4761: 4750:Housing articles 4737: 4736: 4734: 4732: 4726:ABC7 Los Angeles 4717: 4711: 4710: 4708: 4706: 4692: 4686: 4685: 4683: 4681: 4667: 4661: 4660: 4658: 4656: 4642: 4636: 4635: 4633: 4631: 4626:. April 19, 2018 4616: 4610: 4609: 4607: 4605: 4590: 4584: 4583: 4581: 4579: 4564: 4558: 4557: 4555: 4554: 4534: 4528: 4527: 4525: 4524: 4519:. March 30, 2023 4509: 4503: 4502: 4500: 4499: 4488: 4480: 4471: 4470:9 September 2020 4464: 4458: 4457: 4445: 4439: 4438: 4436: 4434: 4428:Business Insider 4419: 4413: 4412: 4410: 4408: 4393: 4387: 4386: 4375: 4369: 4368: 4366: 4364: 4359:on March 4, 2016 4358: 4352:. Archived from 4342: 4336: 4335: 4321: 4315: 4314: 4312: 4310: 4295: 4289: 4288: 4286: 4284: 4275: 4267: 4261: 4260: 4258: 4257: 4242: 4236: 4235: 4233: 4232: 4217: 4211: 4210: 4208: 4207: 4192: 4183: 4182: 4180: 4179: 4164: 4158: 4157: 4155: 4153: 4139: 4133: 4132: 4130: 4128: 4122:www.sandiego.gov 4114: 4108: 4107: 4105: 4103: 4088: 4082: 4081: 4079: 4077: 4062: 4056: 4055: 4053: 4052: 4035: 4029: 4028: 3992: 3986: 3985: 3983: 3982: 3967: 3961: 3960: 3958: 3957: 3942: 3936: 3935: 3933: 3931: 3916: 3910: 3909: 3907: 3905: 3896:. Archived from 3885: 3879: 3878: 3876: 3874: 3859: 3853: 3852: 3850: 3848: 3836:Garrick, David. 3833: 3827: 3826: 3814: 3808: 3807: 3805: 3803: 3788: 3782: 3781: 3779: 3777: 3762: 3756: 3755: 3753: 3751: 3737: 3731: 3730: 3728: 3726: 3712: 3706: 3705: 3703: 3701: 3696: 3688: 3682: 3681: 3679: 3677: 3662: 3656: 3655: 3653: 3651: 3636: 3630: 3629: 3627: 3625: 3620:. April 25, 2019 3610: 3604: 3603: 3601: 3599: 3590:. Archived from 3579: 3573: 3572: 3570: 3569: 3554: 3548: 3547: 3545: 3543: 3528: 3522: 3521: 3519: 3518: 3509:. Archived from 3498: 3492: 3491: 3489: 3488: 3474: 3465: 3464: 3462: 3461: 3446: 3440: 3439: 3437: 3435: 3418: 3412: 3411: 3409: 3407: 3390: 3384: 3383: 3381: 3379: 3364: 3358: 3357: 3355: 3353: 3338: 3332: 3331: 3329: 3327: 3310: 3304: 3303: 3301: 3299: 3282: 3276: 3270: 3264: 3263: 3249: 3243: 3242: 3240: 3216: 3207: 3206: 3204: 3202: 3185: 3179: 3178: 3167: 3161: 3160: 3152: 3146: 3145: 3143: 3141: 3124: 3118: 3117: 3115: 3114: 3099: 3093: 3092: 3090: 3088: 3073: 3071: 3069: 3054: 3048: 3047: 3045: 3043: 3033: 3024: 3018: 3017: 3015: 3013: 3003: 2994: 2988: 2987: 2985: 2984: 2969: 2963: 2962: 2960: 2959: 2944: 2935: 2934: 2932: 2931: 2916: 2910: 2909: 2907: 2906: 2891: 2885: 2884: 2882: 2880: 2865: 2859: 2858: 2856: 2854: 2839: 2833: 2832: 2830: 2828: 2822: 2813: 2807: 2806: 2804: 2795: 2789: 2788: 2774: 2759: 2758: 2746: 2729: 2728: 2726: 2725: 2711: 2705: 2704: 2702: 2701: 2687: 2678: 2677: 2670: 2664: 2663: 2661: 2659: 2644: 2638: 2637: 2635: 2633: 2621: 2615: 2613: 2605: 2599: 2597: 2591: 2585: 2582: 2563: 2561: 2559: 2547: 2541: 2538: 2525: 2513: 2507: 2506: 2494: 2488: 2487: 2475: 2469: 2468: 2456: 2450: 2449: 2441: 2435: 2434: 2423: 2417: 2416: 2414: 2413: 2398: 2392: 2391: 2379: 2370: 2369: 2367: 2366: 2351: 2345: 2344: 2342: 2341: 2326: 2320: 2319: 2313: 2311: 2289: 2283: 2282: 2270: 2264: 2263: 2251: 2245: 2244: 2233: 2227: 2226: 2215: 2209: 2208: 2206: 2204: 2190: 2184: 2183: 2181: 2179: 2164: 2158: 2157: 2148:Hayden, Nicole. 2145: 2139: 2138: 2131: 2125: 2123: 2121: 2120: 2109: 2103: 2102: 2090: 2084: 2083: 2071: 2065: 2064: 2052: 2046: 2045: 2038: 2032: 2031: 2024: 2018: 2017: 2015: 2014: 1999: 1993: 1992: 1990: 1988: 1973: 1967: 1966: 1964: 1962: 1947: 1941: 1940: 1938: 1936: 1921: 1915: 1914: 1912: 1911: 1896: 1890: 1889: 1877: 1871: 1870: 1858: 1852: 1851: 1839: 1833: 1832: 1825: 1819: 1818: 1816: 1815: 1800: 1785: 1784: 1782: 1781: 1766: 1760: 1759: 1757: 1756: 1742: 1733: 1732: 1725:"Homeless Youth" 1721: 1715: 1714: 1704: 1698: 1697: 1695: 1685: 1679: 1678: 1676: 1666: 1660: 1659: 1647: 1641: 1640: 1638: 1636: 1621: 1615: 1614: 1612: 1610: 1593: 1587: 1586: 1580: 1578: 1558: 1552: 1551: 1549: 1547: 1531: 1525: 1524: 1512: 1491: 1490: 1478: 1472: 1471: 1469: 1467: 1450: 1444: 1443: 1437: 1429: 1423: 1422: 1412: 1399: 1398: 1393: 1384: 1378: 1377: 1370: 1364: 1363: 1361: 1359: 1349: 1341: 1332: 1331: 1319: 1310: 1309: 1298: 1292: 1291: 1289: 1287: 1272: 1266: 1265: 1259: 1250: 1237: 1236: 1218: 1209: 1208: 1190: 1177: 1176: 1158: 1143: 1142: 1110: 1101: 1100: 1095: 1086: 1063: 1062: 1061:. December 2023. 1056: 1048: 875:San Diego police 838:San Diego County 625:Public bathrooms 605: 588: 280:Women and LGBTQ+ 270:fiscal year (FY) 205:housing shortage 103:opioid addiction 6630: 6629: 6625: 6624: 6623: 6621: 6620: 6619: 6600: 6599: 6598: 6593: 6575: 6545: 6514: 6483: 6435: 6402: 6334: 6232: 6188: 6147: 6095: 6084:Women's shelter 6042: 6009:Hygiene program 5992: 5958:Popular culture 5953:Patient dumping 5916: 5880:Street children 5838: 5833: 5803: 5798: 5784:Human Wasteland 5759: 5693: 5684:Minneapolis, MN 5662: 5634: 5596: 5578: 5315: 5305: 5275: 5270: 5097: 5056: 4795: 4789: 4746: 4741: 4740: 4730: 4728: 4718: 4714: 4704: 4702: 4694: 4693: 4689: 4679: 4677: 4669: 4668: 4664: 4654: 4652: 4644: 4643: 4639: 4629: 4627: 4618: 4617: 4613: 4603: 4601: 4591: 4587: 4577: 4575: 4565: 4561: 4552: 4550: 4535: 4531: 4522: 4520: 4511: 4510: 4506: 4497: 4495: 4481: 4474: 4465: 4461: 4446: 4442: 4432: 4430: 4420: 4416: 4406: 4404: 4395: 4394: 4390: 4377: 4376: 4372: 4362: 4360: 4356: 4344: 4343: 4339: 4322: 4318: 4308: 4306: 4304:NBC 7 San Diego 4296: 4292: 4282: 4280: 4273: 4269: 4268: 4264: 4255: 4253: 4244: 4243: 4239: 4230: 4228: 4219: 4218: 4214: 4205: 4203: 4194: 4193: 4186: 4177: 4175: 4166: 4165: 4161: 4151: 4149: 4141: 4140: 4136: 4126: 4124: 4116: 4115: 4111: 4101: 4099: 4089: 4085: 4075: 4073: 4063: 4059: 4050: 4048: 4036: 4032: 3993: 3989: 3980: 3978: 3968: 3964: 3955: 3953: 3944: 3943: 3939: 3929: 3927: 3918: 3917: 3913: 3903: 3901: 3886: 3882: 3872: 3870: 3860: 3856: 3846: 3844: 3834: 3830: 3815: 3811: 3801: 3799: 3789: 3785: 3775: 3773: 3763: 3759: 3749: 3747: 3739: 3738: 3734: 3724: 3722: 3714: 3713: 3709: 3699: 3697: 3694: 3690: 3689: 3685: 3675: 3673: 3664: 3663: 3659: 3649: 3647: 3638: 3637: 3633: 3623: 3621: 3612: 3611: 3607: 3597: 3595: 3580: 3576: 3567: 3565: 3563:www.cbsnews.com 3555: 3551: 3541: 3539: 3530: 3529: 3525: 3516: 3514: 3499: 3495: 3486: 3484: 3476: 3475: 3468: 3459: 3457: 3448: 3447: 3443: 3433: 3431: 3419: 3415: 3405: 3403: 3391: 3387: 3377: 3375: 3365: 3361: 3351: 3349: 3339: 3335: 3325: 3323: 3311: 3307: 3297: 3295: 3283: 3279: 3271: 3267: 3250: 3246: 3217: 3210: 3200: 3198: 3186: 3182: 3177:. 1 April 2023. 3169: 3168: 3164: 3153: 3149: 3139: 3137: 3125: 3121: 3112: 3110: 3101: 3100: 3096: 3086: 3084: 3075: 3074: 3067: 3065: 3056: 3055: 3051: 3041: 3039: 3031: 3025: 3021: 3011: 3009: 3001: 2995: 2991: 2982: 2980: 2971: 2970: 2966: 2957: 2955: 2946: 2945: 2938: 2929: 2927: 2918: 2917: 2913: 2904: 2902: 2892: 2888: 2878: 2876: 2866: 2862: 2852: 2850: 2840: 2836: 2826: 2824: 2820: 2814: 2810: 2802: 2796: 2792: 2775: 2762: 2747: 2732: 2723: 2721: 2713: 2712: 2708: 2699: 2697: 2689: 2688: 2681: 2672: 2671: 2667: 2657: 2655: 2645: 2641: 2631: 2629: 2622: 2618: 2607: 2606: 2602: 2593: 2592: 2588: 2557: 2555: 2548: 2544: 2514: 2510: 2495: 2491: 2476: 2472: 2457: 2453: 2442: 2438: 2425: 2424: 2420: 2411: 2409: 2400: 2399: 2395: 2380: 2373: 2364: 2362: 2361:. 19 April 2022 2353: 2352: 2348: 2339: 2337: 2336:. 10 March 2022 2328: 2327: 2323: 2309: 2307: 2290: 2286: 2271: 2267: 2252: 2248: 2235: 2234: 2230: 2223:www.cdss.ca.gov 2217: 2216: 2212: 2202: 2200: 2198:City of Oakland 2192: 2191: 2187: 2177: 2175: 2167:King, By John. 2165: 2161: 2146: 2142: 2133: 2132: 2128: 2118: 2116: 2111: 2110: 2106: 2091: 2087: 2072: 2068: 2053: 2049: 2040: 2039: 2035: 2026: 2025: 2021: 2012: 2010: 2000: 1996: 1986: 1984: 1974: 1970: 1960: 1958: 1948: 1944: 1934: 1932: 1922: 1918: 1909: 1907: 1898: 1897: 1893: 1878: 1874: 1859: 1855: 1840: 1836: 1827: 1826: 1822: 1813: 1811: 1802: 1801: 1788: 1779: 1777: 1768: 1767: 1763: 1754: 1752: 1744: 1743: 1736: 1723: 1722: 1718: 1705: 1701: 1693: 1687: 1686: 1682: 1674: 1668: 1667: 1663: 1648: 1644: 1634: 1632: 1622: 1618: 1608: 1606: 1594: 1590: 1576: 1574: 1559: 1555: 1545: 1543: 1533: 1532: 1528: 1513: 1494: 1479: 1475: 1465: 1463: 1451: 1447: 1435: 1431: 1430: 1426: 1413: 1402: 1391: 1385: 1381: 1372: 1371: 1367: 1357: 1355: 1354:. December 2022 1347: 1343: 1342: 1335: 1320: 1313: 1300: 1299: 1295: 1285: 1283: 1273: 1269: 1257: 1251: 1240: 1219: 1212: 1191: 1180: 1159: 1146: 1131: 1111: 1104: 1093: 1087: 1066: 1054: 1050: 1049: 1036: 1031: 1019: 1006: 993: 923: 917: 908: 896: 870: 834: 818: 795: 786: 734: 678: 673: 636: 627: 606: 600: 589: 586:Martin v. Boise 584: 567:Martin v. Boise 564:2018 ruling in 555: 545: 525: 512: 483: 460:Project Roomkey 441: 424: 411: 380: 367: 317:Governor Newsom 302: 282: 258: 245: 224: 216:Blackstone Inc. 187: 181: 176: 174:Possible causes 160:street medicine 131: 125: 116: 75:cost of housing 12: 11: 5: 6628: 6618: 6617: 6612: 6595: 6594: 6584: 6581: 6580: 6577: 6576: 6574: 6573: 6568: 6563: 6557: 6555: 6551: 6550: 6547: 6546: 6544: 6543: 6538: 6533: 6528: 6522: 6520: 6516: 6515: 6513: 6512: 6507: 6502: 6497: 6491: 6489: 6485: 6484: 6482: 6481: 6480: 6479: 6474: 6467:United Kingdom 6464: 6459: 6454: 6449: 6443: 6441: 6437: 6436: 6434: 6433: 6428: 6423: 6417: 6415: 6408: 6404: 6403: 6401: 6400: 6395: 6390: 6385: 6380: 6375: 6370: 6365: 6364: 6363: 6353: 6348: 6342: 6340: 6336: 6335: 6333: 6332: 6331: 6330: 6325: 6320: 6315: 6310: 6305: 6300: 6295: 6290: 6289: 6288: 6278: 6273: 6268: 6258: 6253: 6252: 6251: 6240: 6238: 6234: 6233: 6231: 6230: 6225: 6220: 6215: 6209: 6207: 6200: 6194: 6193: 6190: 6189: 6187: 6186: 6181: 6176: 6171: 6166: 6161: 6155: 6153: 6149: 6148: 6146: 6145: 6140: 6135: 6130: 6124: 6119: 6114: 6109: 6103: 6101: 6097: 6096: 6094: 6093: 6088: 6087: 6086: 6081: 6079:Warming center 6076: 6071: 6066: 6064:Drop-in center 6061: 6059:Cooling center 6050: 6048: 6041: 6040: 6039: 6038: 6028: 6027: 6026: 6016: 6011: 6006: 6000: 5998: 5994: 5993: 5991: 5990: 5988:Slum clearance 5985: 5980: 5975: 5970: 5965: 5960: 5955: 5950: 5945: 5943:Discrimination 5940: 5935: 5933:Bill of Rights 5930: 5924: 5922: 5918: 5917: 5915: 5914: 5909: 5908: 5907: 5902: 5897: 5887: 5882: 5877: 5872: 5867: 5862: 5857: 5855:Cyber-homeless 5852: 5846: 5844: 5840: 5839: 5832: 5831: 5824: 5817: 5809: 5800: 5799: 5797: 5796: 5791: 5786: 5781: 5775: 5767: 5765: 5761: 5760: 5758: 5757: 5752: 5747: 5742: 5737: 5732: 5727: 5722: 5717: 5712: 5707: 5705:Bill of Rights 5701: 5699: 5695: 5694: 5692: 5691: 5686: 5681: 5676: 5670: 5668: 5664: 5663: 5661: 5660: 5655: 5650: 5644: 5642: 5636: 5635: 5633: 5632: 5627: 5622: 5617: 5612: 5610:American Samoa 5606: 5604: 5598: 5597: 5595: 5594: 5588: 5586: 5580: 5579: 5577: 5576: 5571: 5566: 5561: 5556: 5551: 5546: 5541: 5536: 5531: 5526: 5524:South Carolina 5521: 5516: 5511: 5506: 5501: 5496: 5491: 5489:North Carolina 5486: 5481: 5476: 5471: 5466: 5461: 5456: 5451: 5446: 5441: 5436: 5431: 5426: 5421: 5416: 5411: 5406: 5401: 5396: 5391: 5386: 5381: 5376: 5371: 5366: 5361: 5356: 5351: 5346: 5341: 5336: 5331: 5325: 5323: 5317: 5316: 5304: 5303: 5296: 5289: 5281: 5272: 5271: 5269: 5268: 5267: 5266: 5261: 5256: 5251: 5246: 5236: 5231: 5226: 5221: 5216: 5215: 5214: 5212:Slum clearance 5209: 5204: 5202:Homestead Acts 5194: 5189: 5184: 5183: 5182: 5181: 5180: 5178:Silicon Valley 5175: 5160: 5155: 5154: 5153: 5148: 5143: 5142: 5141: 5126: 5124:Home ownership 5121: 5116: 5111: 5105: 5103: 5102:Related topics 5099: 5098: 5096: 5095: 5090: 5085: 5080: 5075: 5070: 5068:American Samoa 5064: 5062: 5058: 5057: 5055: 5054: 5049: 5044: 5039: 5034: 5029: 5024: 5019: 5014: 5009: 5004: 5002:South Carolina 4999: 4994: 4989: 4984: 4979: 4974: 4969: 4967:North Carolina 4964: 4959: 4954: 4949: 4944: 4939: 4934: 4929: 4924: 4919: 4914: 4909: 4904: 4899: 4894: 4889: 4884: 4879: 4874: 4869: 4864: 4859: 4854: 4849: 4844: 4839: 4834: 4829: 4824: 4819: 4814: 4809: 4803: 4801: 4797: 4796: 4788: 4787: 4780: 4773: 4765: 4759: 4758: 4745: 4744:External links 4742: 4739: 4738: 4712: 4687: 4662: 4637: 4611: 4585: 4559: 4529: 4504: 4472: 4459: 4440: 4414: 4388: 4370: 4337: 4316: 4290: 4262: 4237: 4212: 4184: 4159: 4134: 4109: 4083: 4057: 4030: 3987: 3962: 3937: 3911: 3880: 3854: 3828: 3809: 3783: 3757: 3732: 3707: 3683: 3657: 3646:. May 12, 2017 3631: 3605: 3574: 3549: 3523: 3493: 3466: 3441: 3413: 3385: 3359: 3333: 3305: 3277: 3265: 3244: 3231:(4): 841–849. 3208: 3180: 3162: 3147: 3119: 3094: 3049: 3019: 2989: 2964: 2936: 2911: 2886: 2860: 2834: 2808: 2790: 2760: 2755:CalMatters.org 2730: 2706: 2679: 2665: 2639: 2616: 2600: 2586: 2584: 2583: 2542: 2540: 2539: 2508: 2489: 2470: 2451: 2436: 2418: 2393: 2371: 2359:news.yahoo.com 2346: 2321: 2284: 2265: 2246: 2241:www.hcd.ca.gov 2228: 2210: 2185: 2159: 2154:The Desert Sun 2140: 2126: 2104: 2085: 2066: 2047: 2033: 2019: 1994: 1968: 1942: 1916: 1891: 1872: 1853: 1834: 1820: 1786: 1761: 1734: 1716: 1699: 1680: 1661: 1642: 1616: 1588: 1553: 1526: 1492: 1473: 1445: 1424: 1400: 1379: 1365: 1333: 1311: 1293: 1267: 1238: 1210: 1178: 1144: 1129: 1102: 1064: 1033: 1032: 1030: 1027: 1026: 1025: 1018: 1015: 1005: 1002: 992: 989: 919:Main article: 916: 913: 907: 904: 895: 892: 869: 866: 833: 830: 817: 814: 794: 791: 785: 782: 733: 730: 677: 674: 672: 669: 635: 632: 626: 623: 598: 582: 544: 541: 524: 521: 511: 508: 490:misdemeanors. 482: 479: 440: 437: 423: 420: 410: 407: 379: 376: 366: 363: 301: 298: 281: 278: 257: 254: 244: 241: 223: 220: 200:Sacramento Bee 183:Main article: 180: 177: 175: 172: 139:In March 2019 124: 123:Health aspects 121: 115: 112: 67:drug addiction 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6627: 6616: 6613: 6611: 6608: 6607: 6605: 6592: 6582: 6572: 6569: 6567: 6564: 6562: 6559: 6558: 6556: 6552: 6542: 6539: 6537: 6534: 6532: 6529: 6527: 6524: 6523: 6521: 6517: 6511: 6508: 6506: 6503: 6501: 6498: 6496: 6493: 6492: 6490: 6486: 6478: 6475: 6473: 6470: 6469: 6468: 6465: 6463: 6460: 6458: 6455: 6453: 6450: 6448: 6445: 6444: 6442: 6438: 6432: 6429: 6427: 6424: 6422: 6419: 6418: 6416: 6412: 6409: 6405: 6399: 6398:Thai children 6396: 6394: 6391: 6389: 6386: 6384: 6381: 6379: 6376: 6374: 6371: 6369: 6366: 6362: 6359: 6358: 6357: 6354: 6352: 6349: 6347: 6344: 6343: 6341: 6337: 6329: 6326: 6324: 6321: 6319: 6316: 6314: 6311: 6309: 6306: 6304: 6301: 6299: 6296: 6294: 6291: 6287: 6286:San Francisco 6284: 6283: 6282: 6279: 6277: 6274: 6272: 6269: 6267: 6264: 6263: 6262: 6261:United States 6259: 6257: 6254: 6250: 6247: 6246: 6245: 6242: 6241: 6239: 6235: 6229: 6226: 6224: 6221: 6219: 6216: 6214: 6211: 6210: 6208: 6204: 6201: 6199: 6195: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6162: 6160: 6157: 6156: 6154: 6150: 6144: 6141: 6139: 6136: 6134: 6131: 6128: 6125: 6123: 6120: 6118: 6115: 6113: 6112:Housing First 6110: 6108: 6105: 6104: 6102: 6098: 6092: 6089: 6085: 6082: 6080: 6077: 6075: 6072: 6070: 6067: 6065: 6062: 6060: 6057: 6056: 6055: 6052: 6051: 6049: 6045: 6037: 6034: 6033: 6032: 6029: 6025: 6022: 6021: 6020: 6017: 6015: 6012: 6010: 6007: 6005: 6002: 6001: 5999: 5995: 5989: 5986: 5984: 5981: 5979: 5976: 5974: 5971: 5969: 5966: 5964: 5961: 5959: 5956: 5954: 5951: 5949: 5948:Mental health 5946: 5944: 5941: 5939: 5936: 5934: 5931: 5929: 5926: 5925: 5923: 5919: 5913: 5910: 5906: 5903: 5901: 5898: 5896: 5893: 5892: 5891: 5888: 5886: 5885:Social orphan 5883: 5881: 5878: 5876: 5875:Street people 5873: 5871: 5868: 5866: 5863: 5861: 5858: 5856: 5853: 5851: 5848: 5847: 5845: 5841: 5837: 5830: 5825: 5823: 5818: 5816: 5811: 5810: 5807: 5795: 5792: 5790: 5787: 5785: 5782: 5779: 5776: 5774: 5773: 5769: 5768: 5766: 5762: 5756: 5753: 5751: 5748: 5746: 5745:Mental health 5743: 5741: 5738: 5736: 5733: 5731: 5728: 5726: 5723: 5721: 5718: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5702: 5700: 5696: 5690: 5687: 5685: 5682: 5680: 5677: 5675: 5674:San Francisco 5672: 5671: 5669: 5665: 5659: 5656: 5654: 5651: 5649: 5646: 5645: 5643: 5641: 5637: 5631: 5628: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5618: 5616: 5613: 5611: 5608: 5607: 5605: 5603: 5602:Insular areas 5599: 5593: 5590: 5589: 5587: 5585: 5581: 5575: 5572: 5570: 5567: 5565: 5564:West Virginia 5562: 5560: 5557: 5555: 5552: 5550: 5547: 5545: 5542: 5540: 5537: 5535: 5532: 5530: 5527: 5525: 5522: 5520: 5517: 5515: 5512: 5510: 5507: 5505: 5502: 5500: 5497: 5495: 5492: 5490: 5487: 5485: 5482: 5480: 5477: 5475: 5472: 5470: 5469:New Hampshire 5467: 5465: 5462: 5460: 5457: 5455: 5452: 5450: 5447: 5445: 5442: 5440: 5437: 5435: 5432: 5430: 5429:Massachusetts 5427: 5425: 5422: 5420: 5417: 5415: 5412: 5410: 5407: 5405: 5402: 5400: 5397: 5395: 5392: 5390: 5387: 5385: 5382: 5380: 5377: 5375: 5372: 5370: 5367: 5365: 5362: 5360: 5357: 5355: 5352: 5350: 5347: 5345: 5342: 5340: 5337: 5335: 5332: 5330: 5327: 5326: 5324: 5322: 5318: 5313: 5309: 5302: 5297: 5295: 5290: 5288: 5283: 5282: 5279: 5265: 5262: 5260: 5257: 5255: 5252: 5250: 5247: 5245: 5242: 5241: 5240: 5237: 5235: 5232: 5230: 5227: 5225: 5222: 5220: 5217: 5213: 5210: 5208: 5205: 5203: 5200: 5199: 5198: 5195: 5193: 5192:Organizations 5190: 5188: 5185: 5179: 5176: 5174: 5173:San Francisco 5171: 5170: 5169: 5166: 5165: 5164: 5161: 5159: 5156: 5152: 5149: 5147: 5144: 5140: 5137: 5136: 5135: 5132: 5131: 5130: 5127: 5125: 5122: 5120: 5117: 5115: 5112: 5110: 5107: 5106: 5104: 5100: 5094: 5091: 5089: 5086: 5084: 5081: 5079: 5076: 5074: 5071: 5069: 5066: 5065: 5063: 5059: 5053: 5050: 5048: 5045: 5043: 5042:West Virginia 5040: 5038: 5035: 5033: 5030: 5028: 5025: 5023: 5020: 5018: 5015: 5013: 5010: 5008: 5005: 5003: 5000: 4998: 4995: 4993: 4990: 4988: 4985: 4983: 4980: 4978: 4975: 4973: 4970: 4968: 4965: 4963: 4960: 4958: 4955: 4953: 4950: 4948: 4947:New Hampshire 4945: 4943: 4940: 4938: 4935: 4933: 4930: 4928: 4925: 4923: 4920: 4918: 4915: 4913: 4910: 4908: 4907:Massachusetts 4905: 4903: 4900: 4898: 4895: 4893: 4890: 4888: 4885: 4883: 4880: 4878: 4875: 4873: 4870: 4868: 4865: 4863: 4860: 4858: 4855: 4853: 4850: 4848: 4845: 4843: 4840: 4838: 4835: 4833: 4830: 4828: 4825: 4823: 4820: 4818: 4815: 4813: 4810: 4808: 4805: 4804: 4802: 4798: 4793: 4786: 4781: 4779: 4774: 4772: 4767: 4766: 4763: 4757: 4756: 4751: 4748: 4747: 4727: 4723: 4716: 4701: 4697: 4691: 4676: 4672: 4666: 4651: 4647: 4641: 4625: 4621: 4615: 4600: 4596: 4589: 4574: 4570: 4563: 4549: 4548: 4543: 4539: 4538:Gee, Alastair 4533: 4518: 4514: 4508: 4494: 4493: 4487: 4479: 4477: 4469: 4463: 4455: 4451: 4444: 4429: 4425: 4418: 4402: 4398: 4392: 4384: 4383:www.sfhsa.org 4380: 4374: 4355: 4351: 4347: 4341: 4333: 4332: 4327: 4320: 4305: 4301: 4294: 4279: 4272: 4266: 4251: 4247: 4241: 4226: 4222: 4216: 4201: 4197: 4191: 4189: 4173: 4169: 4163: 4148: 4144: 4138: 4123: 4119: 4113: 4098: 4094: 4087: 4072: 4068: 4061: 4047: 4046: 4041: 4034: 4026: 4022: 4018: 4014: 4010: 4006: 4002: 3998: 3991: 3977: 3973: 3966: 3951: 3947: 3941: 3925: 3921: 3915: 3900:on 2024-08-14 3899: 3895: 3891: 3884: 3869: 3865: 3862:Gomez, Luis. 3858: 3843: 3839: 3832: 3824: 3820: 3813: 3798: 3794: 3787: 3772: 3768: 3761: 3746: 3742: 3736: 3721: 3717: 3711: 3693: 3687: 3671: 3667: 3661: 3645: 3641: 3635: 3619: 3615: 3609: 3594:on 2024-08-16 3593: 3589: 3585: 3578: 3564: 3560: 3553: 3537: 3533: 3527: 3513:on 2022-12-22 3512: 3508: 3504: 3497: 3483: 3479: 3473: 3471: 3455: 3451: 3445: 3430: 3429: 3424: 3417: 3402: 3401: 3396: 3389: 3374: 3370: 3363: 3348: 3344: 3337: 3322: 3321: 3316: 3309: 3294: 3293: 3288: 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