Ho Chi Minh - Knowledge

9324: 1696: 1806: 3981:", which were accompanied with executions of "reactionary and evil landlords." During the land reform, testimonies by North Vietnamese witnesses suggested a ratio of one execution per 160 village residents, which if extrapolated would indicate a nationwide total of nearly 100,000 executions. Because the campaign was concentrated mainly in the Red River Delta area, a lower estimate of 50,000 executions was widely accepted by scholars at the time. However, declassified documents from the Vietnamese and Hungarian archives indicate that the number of executions was much lower than reported at the time, although it was likely greater than 13,500. In early 1956, North Vietnam ended the land reform and initiated a "correction of errors" to rectify the mistakes and damage done. That year, Hồ Chí Minh apologised and acknowledged the serious errors the government had made in the land reform. As part of the campaign, as many as 23,748 political prisoners were released by North Vietnam by September 1957. By 1958, the correction campaign had resulted in the return of land to many of those harmed by the land reform. 3966: 3954: 1154: 3945:(ICC) chaired by India, with Canada and Poland as members, was placed in charge of supervising the ceasefire. Because issues were to be decided unanimously, Poland's presence in the ICC provided the Communists with effective veto power over supervision of the treaty. The unsigned Final Declaration of the Geneva Conference called for reunification elections, which the majority of delegates expected to be supervised by the ICC. The Việt Minh never accepted ICC authority over such elections, insisting that the ICC's "competence was to be limited to the supervision and control of the implementation of the Agreement on the Cessation of Hostilities by both parties". Of the nine nations represented, only the United States and the State of Vietnam refused to accept the declaration. Undersecretary of state 3859:, Hồ decided to negotiate a truce after fighting the French for several years. When the French negotiators arrived at the meeting site, they found a mud hut with a thatched roof. Inside they found a long table with chairs. In one corner of the room, a silver ice bucket contained ice and a bottle of good champagne, indicating that Hồ expected the negotiations to succeed. One demand by the French was the return to French custody of several Japanese military officers (who had been helping the Vietnamese armed forces by training them in the use of weapons of Japanese origin) for them to stand trial for war crimes committed during World War II. Hồ Chí Minh replied that the Japanese officers were allies and friends whom he could not betray, therefore he walked out to seven more years of war. 4534: 1688: 4023: 4766: 3630: 3478: 3925:, who argued for a commission composed of an equal number of communist and non-communist members, which could determine "important" issues only by unanimous agreement. The negotiators were unable to agree on a date for the elections for reunification. North Vietnam argued that the elections should be held within six months of the ceasefire while the Western allies sought to have no deadline. Molotov proposed June 1955, then later softened this to any time in 1955 and finally July 1956. The Diệm government supported reunification elections, but only with effective international supervision, arguing that genuinely free elections were otherwise impossible in the totalitarian North. 4496: 6827:

California, Berkeley (February 2001). In this paper, Moise (7–9) modified his earlier estimate in his 1983 book (which was 5,000) and accepted an estimate of close to 15,000 executions. Moise made the case based on Hungarian reports provided by Balazs, but the document I cited above offers more direct evidence for his revised estimate. This document also suggests that the total number should be adjusted up some more, taking into consideration the later radical phase of the campaign, the unauthorized killings at the local level, and the suicides following arrest and torture (the central government bore less direct responsibility for these cases, however).

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and indoctrinating them in proper thought and behavior"; in "the subordination of the individual to the community"; and in the perfectibility, through corrective action, of human nature. All of this, Duiker suggests, was in some manner present in the aura of the new Master, Chi Minh, "the bringer of light", "Uncle Hồ" to whom "all the desirable qualities of Confucian ethics" are ascribed. Under Hồ Chí Minh, Vietnamese Marxism developed, in effect, as a kind of "reformed Confucianism" revised to meet "the challenges of the modern era" and, not least among these, of "total mobilization in the struggle for national independence and state power."

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complete the overthrow of the regime in Saigon as soon as possible; while the members of the "North first" faction were dismissed. As the South descended into chaos, whatever interest Hồ might have had in the French peace plan faded, as it became clear the Việt Cộng could overthrow the Saigon government. A CIA report from 1964 stated that factionalism in South Vietnam had reached "almost the point of anarchy" as various South Vietnamese leaders fought one another, making any sort of concerted effort against the Việt Cộng impossible; leading to much of the South Vietnamese countryside being rapidly taken over by communist guerilla forces.

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the principal obstacle to opening peace talks, as Hồ repeatedly stated that no peace talks would be possible unless the United States unconditionally ceased bombing North Vietnam. Like many of the other leaders of the newly independent states of Asia and Africa, Hồ was extremely sensitive about threats, whether perceived or real, to his nation's independence and sovereignty. Hồ regarded the American bombing as a violation of North Vietnam's sovereignty, and he felt that to negotiate with the Americans reserving the right to bomb North Vietnam should he not behave as they wanted him to do, would diminish North Vietnam's independence.

4969: 4914: 4550: 10929: 10527: 10158: 4510:(1982), Duiker suggests that Hồ Chí Minh's cult of personality is indicative of a larger legacy, one that drew on "elements traditional to the exercise of control and authority in Vietnamese society." Duiker is drawn to an "irresistible and persuasive" comparison with China. As in China, leading party cadres were "most likely to be intellectuals descended from rural scholar-gentry families" in the interior (the protectorates of Annam and Tonkin). Conversely, the pioneers of constitutional nationalism tended to be from the more "Westernised" coastal south (Saigon and surrounding French direct-rule 4106:, the Canadian commissioner to the ICC, arrived in Hanoi with a message from Johnson offering billions of American economic aid and diplomatic recognition in exchange for which North Vietnam would cease trying to overthrow the government of South Vietnam. Seaborn also warned that North Vietnam would suffer the "greatest devastation" from American bombing, saying that Johnson was seriously considering a strategic bombing campaign against North Vietnam. Little came of the backchannel of the "Seaborn Mission" as the North Vietnamese distrusted Seaborn, who pointedly was never allowed to meet Hồ. 4177:

had been assured that the Communists were "on the ropes". The optimistic spin that the American military command had sustained for years was no longer credible. The bombing of North Vietnam and the Hồ Chí Minh trail was halted, and American and Vietnamese negotiators held discussions on how the war might be ended. From then on, Hồ Chí Minh and his government's strategy materialized: Hanoi's terms would eventually be accepted not by engaging in conventional warfare against the might of the United States Army, but by wearing down American resolve through a prolonged guerilla conflict.

4129:. On 8–9 April 1965, Hồ made a secret visit to Beijing to meet Mao Zedong. It was agreed that no Chinese combat troops would enter North Vietnam unless the United States invaded North Vietnam, but that China would send support troops to North Vietnam to help maintain the infrastructure damaged by American bombing. There was deep distrust and fear of China within the North Vietnamese Politburo and the suggestion that Chinese troops, even support troops, be allowed into North Vietnam caused outrage in the Politburo. Hồ had to use all his moral authority to obtain Politburo's approval. 4245: 10917: 4485: 10554: 17043: 3929: 4073:, the Polish Commissioner to the ICC; Roger Lalouette, the French ambassador to South Vietnam; and Giovanni d'Orlandi, the Italian ambassador to South Vietnam. Maneli reported that Hồ was very interested in the signs of a split between President Diệm and President Kennedy and that his attitude was: "Our real enemies are the Americans. Get rid of them, and we can cope with Diệm and Nhu afterward". Hồ and Maneli also discussed the Ho Chi Minh Trail, which passed through officially neutral Cambodia and Laos, saying "Indochina is just one single entity". 4184:, a former French official in Vietnam who knew Hồ secretly relayed a letter written to him from President Richard Nixon. Nixon's letter proposed working together to end this "tragic war", but also warned that if North Vietnam made no concessions at the peace talks in Paris by 1 November, Nixon would resort to "measures of great consequence and force". Hồ's reply letter, which Nixon received on 30 August 1969, welcomed peace talks with the U.S. to look for a way to end the war but made no concessions, as Nixon's threats made no impression on him. 1620: 4576:, who supposedly incarnated again on earth as Hồ Chí Minh. Today, Hồ Chí Minh as the Jade Emperor is supposed to speak from the spirit world through Spiritualist mediums. The first such medium was one Madam Lang in the 1990s, but the cult acquired a significant number of followers through another medium, Madam Xoan. She established on 1 January 2001 the Đạo Ngọc Phật Hồ Chí Minh (the Way of Hồ Chí Minh as the Jade Buddha), also known as Đạo Bác Hồ (the Way of Uncle Hồ) at đền Hòa Bình (the Peace Temple) in Chí Linh-Sao Đỏ district of 4671: 3490: 4437: 15888: 1148: 17031: 4152:, the American ambassador to South Vietnam, with an offer from Hồ. Hồ's offer for a "political compromise" as transmitted by Lewandowski included allowing South Vietnam to maintain its alliance with the U.S., instead of becoming neutral; having the Việt Cộng "take part" in negotiations for a coalition government, instead of being allowed to automatically enter a coalition government; and allowing a "reasonable calendar" for the withdrawal of American troops instead of an immediate withdrawal. 4425: 16995: 12948: 3264: 10669: 10612: 10252: 10220: 4081:, the younger brother and right-hand man to Diệm to discuss the French peace plan. It remains unclear if the Ngo brothers were serious about the French peace plan or were merely using the possibility of accepting it to blackmail the United States into supporting them at a time when the Buddhist crisis had seriously strained relations between Saigon and Washington. Supporting the latter theory is the fact that Nhu promptly leaked his meeting with Maneli to the American columnist 3341: 685: 17019: 3276: 10754: 10186: 4193: 10814: 10340: 17055: 10505: 10136: 1821:, and was a founding member of the French Communist Party. Taking a position in the Colonial Committee of the party, he tried to draw his comrades' attention towards people in French colonies including Indochina, but his efforts were often unsuccessful. While living in Paris, he reportedly had a relationship with a dressmaker named Marie Brière. As a French police document discovered in 2018, Quốc also had relations with the members of 1890: 3364: 4614: 741: 10789: 17007: 12960: 3288: 705: 10315: 4015:. It allowed the North to send manpower and material to the Việt Cộng with much less exposure to South Vietnamese forces, achieving a considerable advantage. To counter the accusation that North Vietnam was violating the Geneva Accord, the independence of the Việt Cộng was stressed in communist propaganda. North Vietnam created the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam in December 1960 as a " 706: 1782:

stated that 1919 was a lost "Wilsonian moment", where the future Hồ Chí Minh could have adopted a pro-American and less radical position if only President Wilson had received him. However, at the time of the Versailles Conference, Hồ Chí Minh was committed to a socialist program. While the conference was ongoing, Nguyễn Ái Quốc was already delivering speeches on the prospects of

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forces to receive additional supplies which would allow them to escalate the fight against the French regime throughout Indochina. At the outset of the conflict, Hồ reportedly told a French visitor: "You can kill ten of my men for every one I kill of yours. But even at those odds, you will lose and I will win". In 1954, the First Indochina War came to an end after the decisive

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but its social prestige was "essentially destroyed." In the political sphere, the puppet son of heaven (which had been weakly represented by the Bảo Đại) was replaced by the people's republic. Orthodox materialism accorded no place to heaven, gods, or other supernatural forces. Socialist collectivism undermined the tradition of the Confucian family leader (

709: 1386:'s life before he came to power in Vietnam are uncertain. He is known to have used between 50 and 200 pseudonyms. Information on his birth and early life is ambiguous and subject to academic debate. At least four existing official biographies vary on names, dates, places, and other hard facts while unofficial biographies vary even more widely. 708: 3759:. Mus was a supporter of French colonialism in Vietnam and Hồ Chí Minh believed there was no danger of Chinese troops staying in Vietnam. The Vietnamese at the time were busy spreading anti-French propaganda as evidence of French atrocities in Vietnam emerged, while Hồ Chí Minh showed no qualms about accepting Chinese aid after 1949. 4275:). In many state official visits to the Soviet Union and China, he often talked directly to their communist leaders without interpreters, especially about top-secret information. While being interviewed by Western journalists, he used French. His Vietnamese had a strong accent from his birthplace in the central province of 4349:, the North Vietnamese government originally delayed announcing Hồ's death until 3 September. A week of mourning for his death was decreed nationwide in North Vietnam from 4 to 11 September 1969. His funeral was attended by about 250,000 people and 5,000 official guests, which included many international mourners. 4231:(Vietnamese writing system in Latin characters) to eliminate illiteracy. Hồ started to create more poems in the modern Vietnamese language for dissemination to a wider range of readers. From when he became president until the appearance of serious health problems, a short poem of his was regularly published in the 6883: 11616: 11611: 4125:, later to take on most of the fight as "ore and more American troops were put in to replace Saigon troops who could not or would not, get involved in the fighting". As fighting escalated, widespread aerial and artillery bombardment all over North Vietnam by the United States Air Force and Navy began with 4172:

rather than reinforcing their comrades' ranks in the South. Hồ seems to have agreed to Thanh's offensive because he wanted to see Vietnam reunified within his lifetime, and the increasingly ailing Hồ was painfully aware that he did not have much time left. With Hồ's permission, the Việt Cộng planned a

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Hồ Chí Minh's marriage has long been swathed in secrecy and mystery. He is believed by several scholars of Vietnamese history, to have married Zeng Xueming in October 1926, although only being able to live with her for less than a year. Historian Peter Neville claimed that Hồ (at the time known as Ly

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that would commence on 31 January 1968, to take much of the South by force and deal a heavy blow to the American military. The offensive was executed at great cost and with heavy casualties on Việt Cộng's political branches and armed forces. The scope of the action shocked the world, which until then

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To counter the American bombing, the entire population of North Vietnam was mobilized for the war effort, with vast teams of women being used to repair the damage to roads and bridges done by the aerial bombers, often at a speed that astonished the Americans. The bombing of North Vietnam proved to be

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According to Chen Jian, during the mid-to-late 1960s, Lê Duẩn permitted 320,000 Chinese volunteers into North Vietnam to help build infrastructure for the country, thereby freeing a similar number of PAVN personnel to go south. There are no sources from Vietnam, the United States, or the Soviet Union

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in London, Hồ was reported as dead in 1932 to avoid a French extradition agreement; it was ruled that, though he would be deported from Hong Kong as an undesirable, it would not be to a destination controlled by France. Hồ was eventually released and, disguised as a Chinese scholar, boarded a ship to

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Duiker argues many were to find the new ideology "congenial" precisely because of its similarities with the teachings of the old Master: "the belief in one truth, embodied in quasi-sacred texts"; in "an anointed elite, trained in an all-embracing doctrine and responsible for leading the broad masses

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In Vietnam, as in China, Communism presented itself as a root and branch rejection of Confucianism, condemned for its ritualism, inherent conservatism, and resistance to change. Once in power, the Vietnamese Communists may not have fought Confucianism "as bitterly as did their Chinese counterparts",

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As South Vietnam collapsed into factionalism and in-fighting while the Việt Cộng continued to win the war, it became increasingly apparent to President Lyndon Johnson that only American military intervention could save South Vietnam. Though Johnson did not wish to commit American forces until he had

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and later against the French bid to reoccupy the country (1946–1954). He was jailed in China by Chiang Kai-shek's local authorities before being rescued by Chinese Communists. Following his release in 1943, he returned to Vietnam. It was during this time that he began regularly using the name Hồ Chí

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independence movement. The Japanese occupation of Indochina that year, the first step toward an invasion of the rest of Southeast Asia, created an opportunity for patriotic Vietnamese. The so-called "men in black" were a 10,000-member guerrilla force that operated with the Việt Minh. He oversaw many

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in early 1930, he chaired a meeting with representatives from two Vietnamese communist parties to merge them into a unified organization, the Communist Party of Vietnam. He also founded the Indochinese Communist Party. In June 1931, Hồ was arrested in Hong Kong as part of a collaboration between the

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movement at home in Vietnam. Since Thành was the public face behind the publication of the document (although it was written by Phan Văn Trường), he soon became known as Nguyễn Ái Quốc, and first used the name in September during an interview with a Chinese newspaper correspondent. Many authors have

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At a meeting in Hanoi held in French, Hồ told Goburdhun that Diệm was "in his way a patriot", noting that Diệm had opposed French rule over Vietnam, and ended the meeting saying that the next time Goburdhun met Diệm "shake hands with him for me". The North Vietnamese Premier Phạm Văn Đồng, speaking

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In 1963, Hồ purportedly corresponded with South Vietnamese President Diệm in hopes of achieving a negotiated peace. During the so-called "Maneli Affair" of 1963, a French diplomatic initiative was launched to achieve a federation of the two Vietnams, which would be neutral in the Cold War. The four

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In July 1967, Hồ Chí Minh and most of the Politburo of the Communist Party met in a high-profile conference, where they concluded that the war had fallen into a stalemate. The American military presence forced the PAVN to expend the majority of their resources on maintaining the Hồ Chí Minh trail,

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a year later. Thanh expressed much concern about the Americans invading Laos to cut the Ho Chi Minh Trail, and to preempt this possibility, urged an all-out offensive to win the war with a sudden blow. Lê' Duẩn supported Thanh's plans, which were stoutly opposed by the Defense Minister, General Võ

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reported after visiting South Vietnam in December 1963 that "there is no organized government worthy of the name" in Saigon. At a meeting of the plenum of the Politburo in December 1963, Lê Duẩn's "South first" faction triumphed, with the Politburo passing a resolution calling for North Vietnam to

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and Phạm Văn Đồng often shared dinner with Hồ, and all of them remained key figures throughout and after the war. In the early 1960s, the North Vietnamese Politburo was divided into the "North First" faction which favored focusing on the economic development of North Vietnam, and the "South First"

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as punishment for an infraction. His father was eligible to serve in the imperial bureaucracy, but he refused because it meant serving the French. This exposed Thành (Hồ) to rebellion at a young age and seemed to be the norm for the province. Nevertheless, he received a French education, attending

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Diệm had followed a policy of "deconstructing the state" by creating several overlapping agencies and departments that were encouraged to feud with one another to disorganize the South Vietnamese state to such an extent that he hoped that it would make a coup against him impossible. When Diệm was

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to become the next party leader. This was interpreted by Western analysts as a loss of influence for Hồ, who was said to have preferred the more moderate Võ Nguyên Giáp for the position. From 1959 onward, the elderly Hồ became increasingly worried about the prospect of his death, and that year he

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in Moscow after the Soviet Union recognized his government. They all agreed that China would be responsible for backing the Việt Minh. Mao Zedong's emissary to Moscow stated in August that China planned to train 60,000–70,000 Viet Minh shortly. The road to the outside world was open for Việt Minh

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By the afternoon of 20 July 1954, the remaining outstanding issues were resolved as the parties agreed that the partition line should be at the 17th parallel and the elections for a reunified government should be held in July 1956, two years after the ceasefire. The Agreement on the Cessation of

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staged a campaign to convince Northerners to move to South Vietnam. The campaign was particularly focused on Vietnam's Catholics, who were to provide Diệm's power base in his later years, with the use of the slogan "God has gone south". Between 800,000 and 1 million people migrated to the South,

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Because he was in exile for nearly 30 years, Hồ could speak fluently as well as read and write professionally in several different languages, including French, Russian, English, Cantonese and Mandarin, as well as his mother tongue Vietnamese. In addition, he was reported to speak conversational

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Thus the number of 13,500 executed people seems to be a low-end estimate of the real number. This is corroborated by Edwin Moise in his recent paper "Land Reform in North Vietnam, 1953–1956" presented at the 18th Annual Conference on SE Asian Studies, Center for SE Asian Studies, University of

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Ton That Thien 18, 1890 is the most likely year of his birth. There is troubling conflicting evidence, however. When he was arrested in Hong Kong in 1931, he attested in court documents that he was 36. The passport he used to enter Russia in 1921 also gave the year 1895 as his birth date. His

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only strengthened the belief that France had no intention of allowing an autonomous, independent state in Vietnam. The attack reportedly killed more than 6,000 Vietnamese civilians in Haiphong. French forces marched into Hanoi, now the capital city of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. On 19

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did not rival the Party outside of the major cities, but particularly in the South, in Saigon-Cochinchina, they had been a challenge. From the outset, they had called for armed resistance to a French restoration and an immediate transfer of industry to workers and land to peasants. The French

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officially recommended that its member states "join in the commemoration of the centenary of the birth of President Hồ Chí Minh by organizing various events as a tribute to his memory", considering "the important and many-sided contributions of President Hồ Chí Minh to the fields of culture,

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that confirm the number of Chinese troops stationed in North Vietnam. However, the Chinese government later admitted to sending 320,000 Chinese soldiers to Vietnam during the 1960s and spent over $ 20 billion to support Hanoi's regular North Vietnamese Army and Việt Cộng guerrilla units.

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which occurred after World War II. As a communist, he was one of the few international figures who were relatively well regarded in the West, and did not face the same extent of international criticism as much as other Communist rulers and factions, even winning praise for his actions.

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and offered to provide intelligence, asking only for "a line of communication" between his Viet Minh and the Allies. The OSS agreed to this and later sent a military team of OSS members to train his men and Hồ Chí Minh himself was treated for malaria and dysentery by an OSS doctor.

3417:(Tăng Tuyết Minh), whom he married on 18 October 1926. When his comrades objected to the match, he told them: "I will get married despite your disapproval because I need a woman to teach me the language and keep house". She was 21 and he was 36. They married in the same place where 3645:

Following the August Revolution organized by the Việt Minh, Hồ Chí Minh became Chairman of the Provisional Government (Premier of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and issued a Proclamation of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. Although he convinced Emperor

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During this period, he began to write journal articles and short stories as well as run his Vietnamese nationalist group. In May 1922, he wrote an article for a French magazine criticizing the use of English words by French sportswriters. The article implored Prime Minister

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which published selected works and articles of Hồ Chí Minh in English also highlighted Hồ Chí Minh's interpretation and beliefs in socialism and communism, and in fighting against what he perceived to be evils stemming from capitalism, colonialism, and imperialism.

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Hồ Chí Minh remained in Hanoi during his final years, demanding the unconditional withdrawal of all non-Vietnamese troops from South Vietnam. By 1969, with negotiations still dragging on, his health began to deteriorate from multiple health problems, including

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challenged the authenticity of the alleged quote where Hồ Chí Minh said he "would rather smell French shit for five years than eat Chinese shit for a thousand," noting that Stanley Karnow provided no source for the extended quote attributed to him in his 1983

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which prevented him from participating in further active politics. However, he insisted that his forces in the South continue fighting until all of Vietnam was reunited regardless of the length of time that it might take, believing that time was on his side.

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His early life is uncertain but there are some documents indicating activities regarding an early revolutionary spirit during French-occupied Vietnam, but conflicting sources remain. Previously, it was believed that Thành (Hồ) was involved in an anti-slavery

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concluded the war between France and the Việt Minh, allowing the latter's forces to regroup in the North whilst anti-Communist groups settled in the South. Hồ's Democratic Republic of Vietnam relocated to Hanoi and became the government of North Vietnam, a

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proposed elections under the supervision of "local commissions". The United States, with the support of Britain and the Associated States of Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia, suggested United Nations supervision. This plan was rejected by Soviet representative

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in Shanghai back to China in exchange for withdrawing from northern Indochina, he had no choice but to sign an agreement with France on 6 March 1946 in which Vietnam would be recognized as an autonomous state in the Indochinese Federation and the

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compelled Hồ to leave for Hong Kong, and his relationship with Zeng appeared to have ended at that time. In addition to the marriage with Zeng Xueming, there is a number of published studies indicating that Hồ had a romantic relationship with

3535:. In this period Hồ reportedly lost his positions in the Comintern because of a concern that he had betrayed the organization. However, according to Ton That Thien's research, he was a member of the inner circle of the Comintern, a protégé of 4320:. As a young and high-spirited female revolutionary, Minh Khai was delegated to Hong Kong to serve as an assistant to Ho Chi Minh in April 1930 and quickly drew Hồ's attention owing to her physical attractiveness. Hồ even approached the 3668:

In 1946, when he traveled outside of the country, his subordinates imprisoned 2,500 non-Communist nationalists and forced 6,000 others to flee. Hundreds of political opponents were jailed or exiled in July 1946, notably, members of the

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and requested permission to marry Minh Khai even though the previous marriage with Zeng remained legally valid. However, the marriage was unable to take place since Minh Khai had been detained by the British authorities in April 1931.

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Nguyên Giáp, who preferred to continue with guerrilla war, arguing that superior American firepower would ensure the failure of Thanh's proposed offensive. With the Politburo divided, it was agreed to study and debate the issue more.

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wrote down his will. Hồ stepped down as General Secretary of the Vietnam Communist party in September 1960 and Lê Duẩn was officially named party leader, leaving Hồ to function in a secondary role as head of state and member of the

11336: 3783:, Hồ Chí Minh had replied, "with unfeigned emotion," that "'Thâu was a great patriot and we mourn him', but then a moment later added in a steady voice 'All those who do not follow the line which I have laid down will be broken.'" 11371: 11351: 4085:, who publicized it in a column entitled "Very Ugly Stuff". The possibility that the Ngo brothers might accept the peace plan contributed to the Kennedy administration's plan to support a coup against them. On 1 November 1963, 4227:. This poetry chronicle is Vietnam National Treasure No. 10 and was translated into many languages. It is used in Vietnamese high schools. After Vietnam gained independence from France, the new government exclusively promoted 3786:

The Communists eventually suppressed all non-Communist parties, but they failed to secure a peace deal with France. In the final days of 1946, after a year of diplomatic failure and many concessions in agreements, such as the

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With the outcome of the Vietnam war still in question, Hồ Chí Minh died of heart failure at his home in Hanoi at 9:47 on the morning of 2 September 1969; he was 79 years old. His embalmed body is currently on display in the

3904:. Following the Geneva Accords, there was to be a 300-day period in which people could freely move between the two regions of Vietnam, later known as South Vietnam and North Vietnam. During the 300 days, Ngô Đình Diệm and 1746:. They had been publishing newspaper articles advocating for Vietnamese independence under the pseudonym Nguyễn Ái Quốc ("Nguyễn the Patriot") prior to Thành's arrival in Paris. The group petitioned for recognition of the 11646: 11257: 4352:

Representatives from 40 countries and regions were also presented. During the mourning period, North Vietnam received more than 22,000 condolences letters from 20 organizations and 110 countries across the world, such as

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after a failed attempt to raise a coup against the Viet Minh government. All rival political parties were hereafter banned and local governments were purged to minimize opposition later on. However, it was noted that the

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education and the arts" who "devoted his whole life to the national liberation of the Vietnamese people, contributing to the common struggle of peoples for peace, national independence, democracy, and social progress".

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in Paris where he mentioned working at the Omni Parker House Hotel. Inquiries to the Parker House management revealed no records of his ever having worked there. It is believed that while in the US he made contact with

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At the end of 1959, aware that the planned national elections would never be held and that Diệm intended to purge opposing forces (mostly ex-Việt Minh) from South Vietnamese society, Hồ Chí Minh informally chose

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delivered a "unilateral declaration" of the United States position, reiterating: "We shall seek to achieve unity through free elections supervised by the United Nations to ensure that they are conducted fairly".

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Hostilities in Vietnam was only signed by the French and Việt Minh military commands, with no participation or consultation of the State of Vietnam. Based on a proposal by Chinese delegation head Zhou Enlai, an

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Busts, statues, and memorial plaques and exhibitions are displayed in destinations on his extensive world journey in exile from 1911 to 1941 including France, the United Kingdom, Russia, China, and Thailand.

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on behalf of Hồ, told Maneli he was interested in the peace plan, saying that just as long as the American advisers left South Vietnam "we can agree with any Vietnamese". On 2 September 1963, Maneli met with

3743:. The agreement soon broke down. The purpose of the agreement, for both the French and Vietminh, was for Chiang's army to leave North Vietnam. Fighting broke out in the North soon after the Chinese left. 16199: 6813: 17177: 3882:

Arthur Dommen estimates that the Việt Minh killed between 100,000 and 150,000 civilians during the war. Benjamin Valentino estimates that the French were responsible for 60,000–250,000 civilian deaths.

1445:; and another brother (Nguyễn Sinh Nhuận), who died in infancy. As a young child, Cung (Hồ) studied with his father before more formal classes with a scholar named Vương Thúc Quý. He quickly mastered 11824: 10898: 17172: 17167: 5667: 4682:

Many activists and musicians wrote songs about Hồ Chí Minh and his revolution in different languages during the Vietnam War to demonstrate against the United States. Spanish songs were composed by

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The Vietnamese government's attempts to immortalize Hồ Chí Minh were also met with significant controversies and opposition. The regime is sensitive to anything that might question the official

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overthrown and killed, without any kind of arbiter between the rival arms of the South Vietnamese state, regime authority in South Vietnam promptly disintegrated. The American Defense Secretary

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faction, which favored a guerrilla war in South Vietnam to reunite the country within the short term. Between 1961 and 1963, 40,000 Communist soldiers infiltrated South Vietnam from the North.

11090: 4257:. In the 1920s, he was bureau chief/editor of many newspapers which he established to criticize French Colonial Government of Indochina and serving communist propaganda purposes. Examples are 11232: 1608: 8146: 3439:. A source states that he later claimed he did it because he expected Châu's trial to stir up anti-French sentiment and because he needed the money to establish a communist organization. In 10780: 10306: 11724: 3711:

Following Emperor Bảo Đại's abdication in August, Hồ Chí Minh read the Declaration of Independence of Vietnam on 2 September 1945 under the name of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. In

1583:. The only evidence that he was in the United States is a single letter to French colonial administrators dated 15 December 1912 and postmarked New York City (he gave his address as the 10883: 4156:, as the Lewandowski channel came to be codenamed, almost led to American-North Vietnamese talks in Warsaw in December 1966; but such plans ultimately collapsed over the bombing issue. 3995:

As early as June 1956, the idea of overthrowing the South Vietnamese government was presented at a Politburo meeting. In 1959, Hồ Chí Minh began urging the Politburo to send aid to the

4311:

Thuy) wanted to engage Zeng in the communist movements but she demonstrated a lack of ability and interest in it. In 1927, the mounting repression of Chiang Kai-shek's KMT against the

3692: 15974: 14337: 12034: 11474: 9657: 6501: 3443:, William Duiker considered this hypothesis, but ultimately rejected it. Other sources claim that Nguyễn Thượng Huyện was responsible for Chau's capture. Chau, sentenced to lifetime 16159: 16115: 4710:

produced "The Ballad of Ho Chi Minh" in 1954, describing "a man who is the father of the Indo-Chinese people, And his name is Ho Chi Minh." Russian songs about him were written by

4477:. His image is featured in many public buildings and schoolrooms, and other displays of reverence. There is at least one temple dedicated to him, built in then Việt Cộng-controlled 1313: 838: 11270: 15989: 1719:. Thành claimed to have arrived in Paris from London in 1917, but the French police had only documents recording his arrival in June 1919. When he arrived, he met a scholar named 17132: 11656: 11206: 2630: 2471: 1732: 1809:

A 1920 security report by the French Indochinese government on Nguyễn Tất Thành listing his aliases, places of residence, his father's occupation, as well as other information.

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He was not initially replaced as president; instead, a "collective leadership" composed of several ministers and military leaders took over, known as the Politburo. During

11114: 2625: 2620: 2615: 9774: 6506: 4808:, much of it originally written in French, highlights his views on the oppression of peoples from colonialism and imperialism in 20 written articles. Other books such as 16185: 10016: 10061: 8198: 4572:

A completely different form of the cult of Hồ Chí Minh (and one tolerated by the government with uneasiness) is his identification in Vietnamese folk religion with the

3622:: Chí meaning "will" or "spirit" and Minh meaning "bright"). His new name was a tribute to General Hou Zhiming (侯志明), Chief Commissar of the 4th Military Region of the 10028: 10004: 9543: 7311: 11770: 11765: 11434: 11242: 11126: 1474: 3470:, Thailand, arriving in July 1928. "Although we have been separated for almost a year, our feelings for each other do not have to be said to be felt", he reassured 11835: 11815: 11810: 11805: 11760: 11396: 11391: 11386: 11381: 8020: 3879:, where more than 10,000 French soldiers surrendered to the Viet Minh. The subsequent Geneva Accords peace process partitioned North Vietnam at the 17th parallel. 3770:

The Việt Minh then collaborated with French colonial forces to massacre supporters of rival Vietnamese nationalist movements in 1945–1946, and of the Trotskyists.

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and Hồ Chí Minh became acquainted when they stayed at the same hotel in Paris. He offered Ben-Gurion a Jewish home-in-exile in Vietnam, which Ben-Gurion declined.

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outlined before the peace accords, they requested the allied powers to end French colonial rule of Vietnam and ensure the formation of an independent government.

16030: 11800: 11795: 11790: 11785: 11780: 11775: 11376: 11366: 11361: 11356: 4473:). Although Hồ Chí Minh wished for his body to be cremated and his ashes spread to North, Central, and South Vietnam, the body instead is embalmed on view in a 11054: 4591:(2000) was candid on the matter of Hồ Chí Minh's liaisons. The government sought cuts in the Vietnamese translation and banned distribution of an issue of the 3682:'s first Congress had over two-thirds of its members come from non-Việt Minh political factions, some without an election. Nationalist Party of Vietnam leader 3405:

In 1925–1926, he organized "Youth Education Classes" and occasionally gave socialist lectures to Vietnamese revolutionary young people living in Canton at the

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on 30 April 1975, several PAVN tanks displayed a poster with those same words on it. The day after the battle ended, on 1 May, veteran Australian journalist

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All the parties at Geneva called for reunification elections, but they could not agree on the details. Recently appointed Việt Minh acting foreign minister

1421:. Although 1890 is generally accepted as his birth year, at various times he used four other birth years: 1891, 1892, 1894 and 1895. He lived in his father 13954: 10905: 10493: 8322: 4580:

province. She then founded the Peace Society of Heavenly Mediums (Đoàn đồng thiên Hòa Bình). Reportedly, the movement had around 24,000 followers by 2014.

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Nguyen Khac Vien, saw definite parallels between Confucian and party discipline, between the traditional scholar gentry and Hồ Chí Minh's party cadres.

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While working as the cook's helper on a ship in 1912, Thành (Hồ) traveled to the United States. From 1912 to 1913, he may have lived in New York City (

3522:; scheduled to be deported back to French Indochina, Hồ was successfully defended by British solicitor Frank Loseby. Eventually, after appeals to the 1389:

Aside from being a politician, Hồ was a writer, poet, and journalist. He wrote several books, articles, and poems in Chinese, Vietnamese, and French.

1361:, which lasted from 1955 to 1975. Hồ officially stepped down from power in 1965 due to health problems and died in 1969. North Vietnam was ultimately 11548: 11543: 11538: 11533: 11528: 11444: 11439: 5405: 4248:

Hồ Chí Minh watching a football game in his favorite fashion, with his closest comrade Prime Minister Phạm Văn Đồng seated to Hồ's left (photo right)

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at a young age. Before the August Revolution, he often wrote poetry in Chữ Hán (the Vietnamese name for the Chinese writing system). One of those is

3454:'s 1927 anti-communist coup, Quốc (Hồ) left Canton again in April 1927 and returned to Moscow, spending part of the summer of 1927 recuperating from 1596:, an experience that developed his political outlook. Sophie Quinn-Judge states that this is "in the realm of conjecture". He was also influenced by 7963:

See also R. Peerenboom (2001).'Globalization, path dependency and the limits of the law: administrative law reform and the rule of law in the PRC',

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immediately attacked. They assaulted the French positions, smoking them out with straw bundled with chili pepper, destroying armored vehicles with

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McMaster, H.R. (1997) "Dereliction of Duty: Lyndon Johnson, Robert McNamara, The Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the Lies that Led to Vietnam", p. 35.

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of unified Vietnam revealed the change, along with changes which were made to his original will, and it revised the date of death to 2 September.

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In his application to the French Colonial School – "Nguyen Tat Thanh, born 1892 at Vinh, son of Mr. Nguyen Sinh Huy (sub doctor in literature)"

4624: 10471: 9647: 9370: 1861:, who would soon sponsor his trip to the Soviet Union and under whose tutelage he would become a high-ranking member of the Soviet Comintern. 17307: 15824: 11510: 11287: 11196: 10102: 9992: 9345: 8167: 3734:, to dissolve the Communist Party and to hold an election that would yield a coalition government. When Chiang forced the French to give the 3079: 8216: 5579: 17272: 15733: 9478: 2959: 2922: 2610: 1993: 125: 10071: 3435:, the famous leader of a rival revolutionary faction and his father's old friend, to French Secret Service agents in Shanghai for 100,000 15994: 15707: 14594: 11426: 11191: 6202: 5034: 4788:

100) in 1998. His thought and revolution inspired many leaders and people on a global scale in Asia, Africa and Latin America during the

4049: 2546: 2541: 2536: 2531: 395: 11156: 7694:, p. 34. Quote: "In fact, Minh Khai managed to gain the attention of Nguyen Ai Quoc whom she married in late 1930 or early 1931.". 4565:

This "congeniality" with Confucian tradition was remarked on by Nguyen Khac Vien, a leading Hanoi intellectual of the 1960s and 70s. In

3409:. These young people would become the seeds of a new revolutionary, pro-communist movement in Vietnam several years later. According to 1563:

but did not succeed. He instead decided to begin traveling the world by working on ships and visiting many countries from 1911 to 1917.

17287: 17217: 17142: 15697: 7841: 4389: 4011:, and used 30,000 men to build a network of supply and reinforcement routes running through Laos and Cambodia that became known as the 3382:

In 1923, Quốc (Hồ) left Paris for Moscow carrying a passport with the name Chen Vang, a Chinese merchant, where he was employed by the

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New Religions and State's Response to Religious Diversification in Contemporary Vietnam: Tensions from the Reinvention of the Sacred

7521: 17317: 17262: 17152: 15738: 13771: 12724: 12029: 11237: 10486: 10085: 7541: 4757:, as many as 20 countries across Asia, Europe, America and Africa have erected monuments or statues in remembrance of Hồ Chí Minh. 4362: 4003:" on the South was approved at a session in January 1959, and this decision was confirmed by the Politburo in March. North Vietnam 2954: 1660: 3965: 1467:). He was demoted for abuse of power after an influential local figure died several days after having received 102 strokes of the 16124: 15174: 13818: 12672: 10117: 9728: 7908: 6292: 5775: 3670: 3233: 5376: 3953: 1171: 17117: 15667: 13939: 12273: 11878: 8519: 8486: 8027:, paper presented to the Norwegian Association of Development Studies, "State and Society in East Asia", 29 April – 2 May 1993. 7549: 6227: 5581:

Encyclopedia of the Sixties: A Decade of Culture and Counterculture [2 volumes]: A Decade of Culture and Counterculture

5235: 4749:, renamed Harrington Street to Ho Chi Minh Sarani, which is also the location of the consulate general of the United States in 2882: 2466: 2135: 1711:

From 1919 to 1923, Thành (Hồ) began to show an interest in politics while living in France, being influenced by his friend and

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Pham, Duy Nghia (2005). "4 Confucianism and the conception of the law in Vietnam". In Gillespie, John; Nicholson, Pip (eds.).

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Many authors writing on Vietnam argued on the question of whether Hồ Chí Minh was fundamentally a nationalist or a Communist.

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Between 1953 and 1956, the North Vietnamese government instituted various agrarian reforms, including "rent reduction" and "

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December 1946, after the Haiphong incident, Hồ Chí Minh declared war against the French Union, marking the beginning of the

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to accept the surrender of the Japanese occupiers in northern Indochina. Hồ Chí Minh made a compromise with their general,

3674: 3084: 2912: 2877: 2817: 2558: 2503: 2488: 1333: 1080: 8323:"Foreign scholars highlights values of President Ho Chi Minh's writings on anti-racism | Society | Vietnam+ (VietnamPlus)" 7811: 3474:

in an intercepted letter. In this period, he served as a senior agent undertaking Comintern activities in Southeast Asia.

1463:

His father was a Confucian scholar and teacher and later an imperial magistrate in the small remote district of Binh Khe (

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Centre des archives d'Outre-mer (Aix)/Gouvernement General de l'Indochine /Fonds Residence Superieure d'Annam /carton R1

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The North Vietnamese government initially announced his death on 3 September in order to prevent it from coinciding with

4455: 4321: 4298:) included reading, gardening, feeding fish (many of which are still living), and visiting schools and children's homes. 4291: 4163:, the commander of communist forces in South Vietnam, returned to Hanoi to present a plan that became the genesis of the 3140: 3064: 3039: 2937: 2917: 13351: 13279: 8015: 5617: 3913:

mostly Catholics. At the start of 1955, French Indochina was dissolved, leaving Diệm in temporary control of the South.

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won the 1964 election, he decided to make his intentions clear to Hanoi. In June 1964, the "Seaborn Mission" began as

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while honing his colloquial Vietnamese writing. In addition to his studies, he was fond of adventure and loved to fly

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In early 1969, Hồ suffered a heart attack and was in increasingly bad health for the rest of the year. In July 1969,

4004: 3399: 3171: 2932: 2907: 2902: 2780: 2768: 1941: 1075: 972: 921: 899: 13447: 9880: 7748: 17302: 14579: 14574: 14069: 14032: 13761: 13207: 12823: 12253: 11883: 6402: 3942: 3715:, with violence between rival Vietnamese factions and French forces increasing, the British commander, General Sir 2974: 2897: 2755: 1737: 1366: 880: 816: 14257: 14119: 13803: 10553: 4765: 4416:

reported that "When the North Vietnamese marched into Saigon yesterday, they were led by a man who wasn't there".

4022: 3391: 1802:, Quốc (Hồ) was said to have burst into tears and said “a country with a citizen like this will never surrender”. 17212: 15299: 14680: 14609: 14509: 14387: 14159: 14149: 13736: 13123: 12263: 12084: 10526: 10157: 9248: 9081: 6141: 5967: 4224: 3485:. This plaque in Via Pasubio, on the left next to "Antica Trattoria Della Pesa", remembers one of his workplaces. 3117: 2969: 2942: 2927: 2790: 2057: 16584: 14074: 13961: 13949: 12596: 5723: 17292: 17257: 17227: 17157: 17112: 16148: 14730: 14499: 14079: 13981: 13714: 13158: 13153: 12885: 10501: 10176: 9804: 8887: 8597: 8569: 3679: 3477: 2984: 2832: 2822: 2745: 2707: 2483: 1243: 904: 14399: 14129: 13640: 13412: 10385: 10132: 8881: 4117:. By March 1965, American combat troops began arriving in South Vietnam, first to protect the airbases around 15677: 14692: 14645: 14409: 14332: 14064: 12895: 12024: 10331: 7833: 5299: 4145: 3629: 2964: 2852: 2750: 1924: 1904: 1873: 32: 14124: 13833: 13756: 13427: 9384: 5295: 684: 17297: 17252: 15810: 14710: 14670: 14640: 14589: 14449: 14367: 14363: 14234: 14164: 13929: 13746: 13512: 13407: 13339: 12917: 12833: 12775: 12714: 12135: 12044: 10011: 9875: 4317: 3719:, declared martial law. On 24 September, the Việt Minh leaders responded with a call for a general strike. 3604: 3150: 3029: 2979: 2672: 2605: 2003: 1978: 1279: 1259: 1123: 875: 20: 16177: 3554:

armed forces. He was also the senior Comintern agent in charge of Asian affairs. He worked extensively in

17102: 16141: 15953: 15682: 15154: 15149: 14866: 14544: 14272: 14017: 13976: 13920: 13823: 13704: 13662: 13567: 13092: 13046: 12853: 12571: 12069: 9999: 9688: 9582: 7612: 7608: 6165: 4789: 4593: 3905: 3863: 3723: 3683: 3623: 3054: 2847: 2526: 2193: 2072: 1418: 1354: 1290:. In 1930, he founded the Communist Party of Vietnam and in 1941, he returned to Vietnam and founded the 811: 523: 450: 101: 15932: 11120: 11029: 10726: 10439: 10427: 10415: 10287: 9602: 9231: 8257: 339: 320: 17242: 17127: 17122: 17107: 16985: 16025: 15948: 15927: 15519: 14740: 14725: 14715: 14569: 14169: 13657: 13460: 13227: 11023: 10921: 10821: 10771: 10369: 10359: 10353: 10347: 10322: 10202: 9738: 9458: 9424: 9100: 9037: 8862: 6848: 4283: 4086: 3917: 3735: 3613: 3579: 3436: 3181: 3089: 3074: 3044: 2857: 2583: 1485: 1263: 1118: 495: 286: 116: 15862: 10851: 10721: 10696: 10676: 10292: 9885: 9809: 7474: 5498:

Yen Son. "Nguyen Ai Quoc, the Brilliant Champion of the Revolution." Thuong Tin Hanoi. 30 August 1945.

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Before the conference, the group sent their letter to allied leaders, including French Prime Minister

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In late 1964, the People's Army of Vietnam combat troops were sent southwest into officially neutral

2800: 1442: 1239: 914: 11162: 10796: 10716: 10433: 10403: 9333: 9203: 8951: 6102: 4019:", or political branch of the Việt Cộng, intended to encourage the participation of non-Communists. 2373: 1493: 16848: 16136: 15374: 14941: 14204: 14094: 13848: 13392: 11138: 10594: 10571: 10397: 9920: 9012: 8051: 6957: 4722: 4228: 3792: 3543:. Hồ was removed from control of the Party he had founded. Those who replaced him charged him with 3406: 3024: 2795: 2493: 2095: 2023: 1724: 909: 15114: 10975: 10731: 9759: 9632: 8230: 8106: 7866: 3650:

to abdicate, his government was not recognized by any country. He repeatedly petitioned President

1919: 1777:, but the episode would later help establish the future Hồ Chí Minh as the symbolic leader of the 1434: 1402: 590: 444: 14604: 14549: 14534: 14474: 14282: 14262: 14022: 13699: 13304: 12907: 12222: 12115: 11944: 11168: 11060: 10635: 9870: 9784: 9667: 9637: 8163: 4628: 4538: 4312: 3876: 3019: 3014: 3009: 2682: 2508: 2461: 1956: 1791: 1422: 1043: 1031: 1026: 1021: 1016: 1011: 1006: 1001: 996: 984: 979: 967: 962: 957: 952: 931: 625: 13507: 11174: 10630: 10576: 10561: 9819: 9789: 9769: 9592: 8078: 7758: 4500: 4160: 3824:

on the end of a pole, detonated by thrusting the charge against the side of a tank; typically a

3779:

recalls that when in Paris in 1946 he asked Hồ Chí Minh about the fate of the Trotskyist leader

1457:

and go fishing. Following Confucian tradition, his father gave him a new name at the age of 10:

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Hồ Chí Minh holding his goddaughter, baby Elizabeth (Babette) Aubrac, with Elizabeth's mother,

3978: 3892: 3852:. The person in question turned out to be a Việt Minh advisor who was killed trying to escape. 3544: 3519: 3049: 2268: 2183: 2038: 1751: 1560: 1346: 1287: 1070: 936: 796: 517: 265: 15917: 15907: 15604: 11078: 11005: 10861: 10668: 10611: 10297: 10277: 10264: 10251: 10219: 8766: 5816:"Death of MacSwiney had enormous significance as prisoners hunger strike drew global coverage" 5321: 4558: 4241:

newspaper to encourage his people in working, studying or fighting Americans in the new year.

3845: 3755:

and that the original quote was most likely forged by the Frenchman Paul Mus in his 1952 book

3575: 3471: 2213: 1489: 715:

Ho Chi Minh declaring the independence of Vietnam from colonial powers and to be a free nation

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Ho Chi Minh's Blueprint for Revolution: In the Words of Vietnamese Strategists and Operatives

8696: 8411: 7561: 6521:"Lone Sentry: New Weapons for Jap Tank Hunters (U.S. WWII Intelligence Bulletin, March 1945)" 5815: 5298:[Introduction to documents related to President Ho Chi Minh's will] (in Vietnamese). 4474: 4335: 4268: 4244: 3771: 3069: 2692: 2328: 1946: 1936: 1672: 1652: 1548: 1299: 1128: 1098: 484: 11150: 10046: 9840: 5933: 4721:

Various places, boulevards, and squares are named after him around the world, especially in

3428: 2238: 1506:) demonstration of poor peasants in Huế in May 1908, which endangered his student status at 1397:

Hồ Chí Minh (胡志明) was born as Nguyễn Sinh Cung (阮生恭) in 1890 in the village of Làng Chùa or

635: 17097: 17092: 17087: 16661: 16015: 15922: 15857: 15169: 14936: 14791: 14745: 14660: 14655: 14454: 14353: 14302: 14297: 14189: 14144: 14099: 14037: 13868: 13843: 13793: 13721: 13635: 13485: 13087: 13066: 12807: 12797: 12734: 12729: 12626: 12606: 12227: 12217: 12199: 12004: 11908: 11084: 11011: 10836: 10831: 10625: 9900: 9577: 9414: 8297: 5406:"The little-known story of Vietnamese communist leader Ho Chi Minh's admiration for the US" 5110: 4822: 4726: 4549: 4385: 4276: 4212: 4149: 4066: 2763: 2687: 2657: 2388: 2028: 1889: 1881: 1774: 1320:. After the French returned to power the following month, Hồ's government retreated to the 1275: 1251: 1247: 1108: 1063: 1058: 853: 773: 16093: 10963: 10846: 9865: 9850: 9764: 8279: 7897:

John Gillespie, Pip Nicholson eds., Australian National University Press, pp. 76–90, 83–84

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As president, he held formal receptions for foreign heads of state and ambassadors at the

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for study. He had three siblings: his sister Bạch Liên (Nguyễn Thị Thanh), a clerk in the

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Behind the Bamboo Hedge: The Impact of Homeland Politics in Parisian Vietnamese Community

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to continue his revolutionary activities. He was also one of the founding members of the

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He sometimes went on-air to deliver important political messages and encourage soldiers.

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and gravel. After two months of fighting, the exhausted Việt Minh forces withdrew after

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Cold War Mandarin: Ngo Dinh Diem and the Origins of America's War in Vietnam, 1950–1963

8347: 8217:"Remembering Vietnam's late President Ho Chi Minh in foreign countries – Tuoi Tre News" 7931: 7773: 6865: 6790: 4577: 4530:). The socialist conception of social equality destroyed the Confucian views of class. 4209: 4204:

In addition to being a politician, Hồ Chí Minh was also a writer, journalist, poet and

4153: 3922: 2717: 2677: 2553: 2278: 1931: 1762: 1755: 1743: 1656: 1593: 1103: 16153: 15464: 15293: 12591: 11918: 11144: 10620: 10228: 10166: 9961: 9910: 9890: 9698: 9400: 9379: 7939: 3780: 3647: 2253: 1720: 755: 95: 17035: 16908: 16735: 16721: 16345: 16317: 16275: 16268: 16247: 16233: 15781: 15634: 15579: 15554: 15509: 15439: 15414: 15379: 15369: 15338: 15225: 15109: 15079: 14816: 14806: 14720: 14614: 14459: 14174: 13971: 13828: 13781: 13679: 13630: 13604: 13582: 13422: 13402: 13346: 13334: 13148: 12983: 12752: 12709: 12531: 12421: 12411: 12341: 12170: 12059: 12054: 12019: 11989: 10518: 10149: 9703: 9652: 9597: 9572: 9319: 9135: 9060: 9041: 9016: 8982: 8961: 8920: 8891: 8847: 8821: 8772: 8751: 8730: 8702: 8681: 8657: 8633: 8612: 8593: 8565: 8546: 8525: 8492: 8473: 8465: 8438: 8417: 8396: 8199:"Layers of History – Most Indian street names honor little men for the wrong reasons" 7921: 7557: 6869: 6782: 6520: 6323: 5585: 5329: 5262:"Phỏng vấn sử gia Vũ Ngự Chiêu về những nghiên cứu lịch sử liên quan đến Hồ Chí Minh" 4216: 4027: 4012: 3996: 3817: 3796: 3551: 3514: 3373: 2667: 2573: 2358: 2303: 2223: 2203: 2120: 2033: 1973: 1951: 1814: 1799: 1648: 1640: 1601: 1580: 1370: 1325: 1309: 885: 833: 15758: 15429: 12541: 12516: 12381: 10969: 9941: 9779: 9521: 3462:

before returning to Paris once more in November. He then returned to Asia by way of

2178: 1349:, with the Việt Minh in control of North Vietnam, and anti-communists in control of 17071: 17011: 16999: 16784: 16707: 16496: 16359: 16226: 16077: 16072: 15852: 15847: 15544: 15469: 15399: 15384: 15364: 15311: 15094: 15089: 15069: 15019: 15009: 14836: 14801: 14786: 14735: 14464: 14404: 14244: 13903: 13883: 13592: 13534: 13528: 13495: 13475: 13465: 13314: 13115: 13107: 12964: 12952: 12843: 12651: 12551: 12446: 12391: 12346: 12336: 12321: 12207: 12110: 12079: 10603: 10211: 9987: 9328: 9147: 8912: 7567: 6857: 6774: 6077: 4853: 4730: 4514:) and to be from "commercial families without a traditional Confucian background". 4358: 4103: 4035: 3970: 3933: 3829: 3795:, the Democratic Republic of Vietnam government found that war was inevitable. The 3731: 3662: 3655: 3638: 3571: 3536: 3292: 3268: 3223: 2647: 2428: 2408: 2263: 2258: 2243: 1914: 1909: 1858: 1374: 1321: 1283: 1093: 454: 10826: 10813: 10706: 10645: 10339: 9754: 9095: 5844: 4436: 3849: 3844:. Hồ was mistakenly reported to be captured by a group of French soldiers, led by 3776: 3489: 1731:(The Group of Vietnamese Patriots) that included Phan Chu Trinh, Phan Văn Trường, 1619: 574: 17042: 17023: 16957: 16950: 16816: 16700: 16686: 16570: 16503: 16440: 16412: 16377: 16338: 16082: 15763: 15619: 15609: 15594: 15574: 15559: 15534: 15479: 15244: 15212: 15104: 15064: 14826: 14821: 14761: 14702: 14434: 14312: 14139: 14104: 14012: 14007: 13731: 13625: 13299: 13232: 13222: 13187: 13143: 13130: 13082: 12476: 12416: 12406: 12401: 12331: 12100: 12074: 12049: 12009: 11999: 11974: 10640: 9951: 9567: 9175: 9116: 9031: 9006: 8976: 8955: 8906: 8815: 8745: 8675: 8651: 8627: 8540: 8502: 8432: 8390: 8150: 8024: 7895:

Asian Socialism and Legal Change: The dynamics of Vietnamese and Chinese Reform,

7528: 7517: 7509: 5926: 4774: 4489: 4458: 4394: 4205: 4141: 4094: 4000: 3909: 3901: 3651: 3532: 3451: 3422: 3280: 3248: 3228: 2590: 2288: 2248: 2233: 2228: 2050: 2045: 2008: 1983: 1664: 1414: 926: 13726: 10957: 7893:

Pham Duy Nghia (2005), "Confucianism and the conception of the law in Vietnam,"

6477:

Viet-nam 1920–1945: Révolution et Contre-révolution sous la domination coloniale

4670: 4052:. He nevertheless maintained considerable influence in the government. Lê Duẩn, 3686:

was named vice president. They also held four out of ten ministerial positions (

2348: 17059: 16922: 16894: 16880: 16876: 16626: 16605: 16591: 16542: 16296: 16289: 16240: 16067: 15589: 15514: 15504: 15499: 15359: 15099: 14888: 14811: 14539: 14444: 14194: 14134: 13766: 13684: 13587: 13547: 13517: 13417: 13372: 12792: 12646: 12586: 12556: 12441: 12436: 12356: 12351: 12326: 11979: 9977: 9915: 9171: 8647: 7910:

Asian Socialism and Legal Change: The dynamics of Vietnamese and Chinese Reform

7803: 7500: 5349: 4409: 4053: 3841: 3825: 3716: 3410: 3243: 3196: 3145: 2383: 2368: 2318: 2283: 2198: 2188: 2163: 2018: 1770: 1597: 1588: 1584: 1398: 1362: 17148:

General secretaries of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam

10993: 9513: 8172: 7935: 7581: 6861: 6016: 4985: 4940: 4695: 4691: 4044: 1446: 158: 17081: 16964: 16798: 16763: 16728: 16693: 16679: 16640: 16598: 16510: 16489: 16468: 16447: 16398: 16310: 16047: 16037: 15753: 15599: 15494: 15459: 15444: 15404: 14946: 14776: 14514: 14424: 14287: 14267: 14154: 13915: 13893: 13858: 13437: 13432: 13387: 13309: 13269: 13018: 12927: 12641: 12621: 12611: 12536: 12491: 12471: 12461: 12386: 12366: 11263: 10745: 10660: 10650: 10259: 10233: 9733: 9298: 9221: 8671: 8477: 6786: 4711: 4699: 4687: 4441: 4424: 4237: 4181: 4173: 4164: 3867: 3821: 3805: 3591: 3523: 3494: 3481:

Hồ Chí Minh worked as a cook all over the world from 1911 to 1928, including

2702: 2443: 2418: 2378: 2343: 2293: 2168: 2125: 2077: 1998: 1778: 1766: 1716: 1604: 1350: 1317: 1036: 826: 474: 16742: 9380:

Final Tribute to Hồ from the Central Committee of the Vietnam Workers' Party

8052:"The Writer's Life Stephen B. Young and Hoa Pham Young: Painting in Lacquer" 5269: 4773:

Hồ Chí Minh is considered one of the most influential leaders in the world.

3746:

Historian Professor Liam Kelley of the University of Hawaii at Manoa on his

2323: 1639:. He reportedly worked as either a chef or dishwasher (reports vary) at the 1559:, returning to Marseille in mid-September. There, he applied for the French 1136: 16887: 16862: 16834: 16802: 16749: 16714: 16633: 16482: 16419: 16384: 16254: 16207: 15539: 15489: 15419: 15409: 15263: 15251: 15238: 15044: 14871: 14372: 13620: 13470: 13329: 13324: 13319: 13025: 12838: 12631: 12581: 12576: 12566: 12546: 12501: 12496: 12481: 12371: 12306: 12105: 12064: 9693: 9269:

Confronting Vietnam: Soviet Policy Toward the Indochina Conflict, 1954–1963

8934: 8562:

Confronting Vietnam: Soviet Policy Toward the Indochina Conflict, 1954–1963

7240: 5882: 4715: 4707: 4573: 4413: 4197: 4082: 4016: 3856: 3740: 3688:

Government of the Union of Resistance of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam

3600: 3596: 3528: 3455: 3444: 3414: 3218: 2867: 2807: 2600: 2578: 2403: 2313: 2218: 2062: 1747: 1539:, he applied to work as a kitchen helper on a French merchant steamer, the 1450: 1406: 1329: 539: 6384: 6267:

Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War: a political, social, and military history

4478: 4295: 3421:

had married earlier and then lived in the residence of a Comintern agent,

1750:

of the Vietnamese people in French Indochina to the Western powers at the

1543:, using the alias Văn Ba. The ship departed on 5 June 1911 and arrived in 1425:'s village of Làng Sen in Kim Liên until 1895 when his father sent him to 17047: 16915: 16869: 16791: 16770: 16647: 16619: 16549: 16535: 16461: 16433: 16405: 16391: 16042: 15584: 15189: 15159: 15014: 15004: 14903: 14766: 14559: 14048: 13878: 13863: 13674: 13522: 13490: 13377: 13192: 13097: 13036: 12922: 12656: 12636: 12511: 12506: 12466: 12451: 12301: 11035: 10445: 9982: 9374: 8701:. Routledge Studies in the Modern History of Asia. Taylor & Francis. 6103:"Ho Chi Minh Was Noted for Success in Blending Nationalism and Communism" 4832: 4742: 4703: 4584: 4511: 4287: 4208:. His father was a scholar and teacher who received a high degree in the 3990: 3800: 3540: 3506: 3211: 3201: 2862: 2842: 2662: 2652: 2568: 2423: 2333: 2308: 2273: 2067: 1826: 1668: 1644: 1628: 1627:

At various points from 1913 to 1919, Thành (Hồ) claimed to have lived in

1430: 1410: 1358: 945: 17163:

Members of the 1st Standing Committee of the Indochinese Communist Party

17018: 12035:"From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs" 9946: 9215: 9033:

Paths to Development in Asia: South Korea, Vietnam, China, and Indonesia

8916: 8806: 8726:

Embers of War: The fall of an Empire and the making of America's Vietnam

8173:"The Ballad of Ho Chi Minh – Ewan MacColl with the London Critics Group" 5798:

Embers of War: The Fall of an Empire and the Making of America's Vietnam

5195:"Vài vấn nạn lịch sử thế kỷ XX: Hồ Chí Minh – Nhà ngoại giao, 1945–1946" 4465:

The Socialist Republic of Vietnam still praises the legacy of Uncle Hồ (

4089:

overthrew Diệm, who was killed the next day together with his brother.

3378:, District 17, Paris indicates where Hồ Chí Minh lived from 1921 to 1923 3275: 1464: 17183:

Members of the 1st Central Committee of the Indochinese Communist Party

16936: 16855: 16777: 16654: 16563: 16556: 16454: 16303: 15343: 15054: 15024: 14978: 14893: 14861: 14853: 14796: 14484: 14199: 13888: 13776: 13382: 12526: 12521: 12431: 12426: 10314: 9315: 6794: 6762: 5508:

application to the Colonial School in Paris gave his birth year as 1892

4451: 4342:

in Hanoi, despite his will which stated that he wanted to be cremated.

4263: 4031: 4008: 3871: 3418: 3122: 3107: 2637: 2433: 2393: 2173: 1783: 1632: 648: 15802: 13997: 9956: 7241:"Vietnam Veterans Against the War: History of the U.S. War in Vietnam" 4192: 3619: 3616: 3609: 1691:

Nguyễn Ái Quốc's identity card issued by the French government in 1919

17193:

Members of the 3rd Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Vietnam

17188:

Members of the 2nd Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Vietnam

16901: 16426: 16052: 15639: 15484: 15333: 15306: 15119: 15074: 14983: 14951: 14931: 14923: 14252: 14042: 12902: 12616: 12561: 12316: 12125: 11960: 9276:

Hanoi's War: An International History of the War for Peace in Vietnam

8844:

Hanoi's War: An International History of the War for Peace in Vietnam

7917: 5731: 4734: 4554: 4254: 3958: 3897: 3837: 3833: 3555: 3550:

In 1938, Quốc (Hồ) returned to China and served as an advisor to the

3395: 3383: 3206: 3191: 2338: 2140: 2100: 1842: 1830: 1544: 1293: 1235: 1231: 1227: 989: 821: 6778: 4148:, the Polish Commissioner to the ICC, was able via d'Orlandi to see 1502: 16577: 16352: 15218: 15059: 14956: 14831: 14650: 14554: 13694: 13552: 13006: 12873: 12868: 12762: 12153: 8144:

The places where President Ho Chi Minh lived and worked in Thailand

7287:

Chen Jian. "China's Involvement in the Vietnam Conflict, 1964–69",

6915:"Từ chức, thôi chức và những lần sửa sai thời Chủ tịch Hồ Chí Minh" 6203:"Ben-gurion Reveals Suggestion of North Vietnam's Communist Leader" 4741:, the birthplace of Hồ Chí Minh). During the Vietnam War, the then- 4303: 4114: 3608:

Minh, a Vietnamese name combining a common Vietnamese surname (Hồ,

3510: 3463: 3363: 3112: 2595: 2413: 2115: 2110: 1817:

of the French Section of the Workers' International, voted for the

1552: 1438: 1206:; 19 May 1890 – 2 September 1969), colloquially known as 740: 48: 15975:

Proclamation of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam

14338:

Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union

11253:

Hồ Chí Minh National Academy of Politics and Public Administration

9658:

Proclamation of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam

8452:

Duncanson, Dennis J (1957). "Ho Chi Minh in Hong Kong 1931–1932".

6417: 4267:(Youth) first published on 21 June 1925 (21 June was named by The 3612:) with a given name meaning "Bright spirit" or "Clear will" (from 1484:

or secondary education) in Huế in Central Vietnam. His disciples,

1480: 1373:

in 1976. Saigon, the former capital of South Vietnam, was renamed

16971: 15912: 15164: 15049: 15039: 14988: 14529: 13274: 12148: 10805: 9552: 8348:"The Black Race by Ho Chi Minh by New Vietnam Publishing – Issuu" 4750: 4232: 4122: 4118: 3809: 3563: 3559: 3467: 3004: 2949: 2298: 2145: 1786:

in Asia and was attempting to persuade French socialists to join

1636: 1556: 1426: 16943: 15990:

The Vietnamese Revolution: Fundamental Problems, Essential Tasks

8793:

Moise, Edwin E. (1988). "Nationalism and Communism in Vietnam".

5143:

Dommen (2001), p.340 gives a lower estimate of 32,000 executions

4639: 1659:

are not supported by documentary evidence. However, the wall of

17178:

Members of the 2nd Secretariat of the Workers' Party of Vietnam

15232: 15034: 14973: 13908: 12296: 8231:"Time Magazine – U.S. Edition – April 13, 1998 Vol. 151 No. 14" 5943: 5863: 4797: 4746: 4370: 4354: 3813: 3788: 3766:

Võ Nguyên Giáp (left) with Hồ Chí Minh (right) in Hanoi in 1945

3712: 3567: 3501:

Quốc (Hồ) remained in Thailand, staying in the Thai village of

3459: 3355: 2130: 1676: 1671:. During 1913, Thành was also employed as a pastry chef on the 1576: 1572: 1536: 1468: 17006: 12959: 9121:

Ho Chi Minh on Revolution and War: Selected Writings 1920–1966

9008:

Final Solutions: Mass Killing and Genocide in the 20th Century

8908:

Deadly Paradigms: The Failure of U.S. Counterinsurgency Policy

5296:"Giới thiệu những tư liệu về Di chúc của Chủ tịch Hồ Chí Minh" 4870: 3700: 3539:

and a member in good standing of the Comintern throughout the

3287: 1667:

which now stands on the site of the Carlton Hotel, displays a

1587:

in Le Havre and his occupation as a sailor) and a postcard to

17173:

Members of the 3rd Politburo of the Workers' Party of Vietnam

17168:

Members of the 2nd Politburo of the Workers' Party of Vietnam

15717: 15673:

American espionage in the Soviet Union and Russian Federation

15179: 14962: 13041: 9254:

Fire in the Lake: The Vietnamese and the Americans in Vietnam

7867:

Manfred McDowell, "Sky without Light: a Vietnamese Tragedy",

6730: 6464:

Revolutionnaires Vietnamiens et pouvoir colonial en Indochine

4867: 4702:"El derecho de vivir en paz" ("The Right to Live in Peace"). 4445: 4429: 4374: 3727: 3482: 2775: 1787: 1496:, the future President of South Vietnam and political rival. 470: 11929: 9208:

Was Ho Chi Minh a Nationalist? Ho Chi Minh and the Comintern

7411: 7100: 6937: 6935: 6933: 6622: 6058: 5561: 5559: 5557: 5555: 4674:

Ho Chí Minh pictured with children in a photo by state media

3633:

Hồ Chí Minh (third from left, standing) with the OSS in 1945

16841: 16123: 15257: 15139: 13031: 12975: 8875:– via Vietnam Center and Sam Johnson Vietnam Archive. 7697: 7496:

Người tình nguyện vào ngục Bastille dịch "Nhật ký trong tù"

7401: 7399: 7345: 7343: 7341: 7271: 7269: 7256: 7254: 5480: 4862: 4738: 4378: 4366: 4110: 3866:

successfully broke the French border blockade, he met with

3603:, supported closely yet clandestinely by the United States 2827: 2812: 2785: 1961: 1813:

In December 1920, Quốc (Hồ) became a representative to the

1454: 8820:. Routledge Historical Biographies. Taylor & Francis. 8434:

The Indochinese Experience of the French and the Americans

8079:"Uncle Ho: a legend on the battlefield and in the boudoir" 8017:

From Confucianism to Communism and Back: Vietnam 1925–1995

7372: 7172: 7124: 6031: 5134:

He told Paris Police (Surete) he was born 15 January 1894.

4286:, but he did not live there. He ordered the building of a 4279:, but could be widely understood throughout the country. 3762: 1518:

on 8 August 1908, which was several months after the anti-

15712: 15692: 15687: 9358: 7726: 7724: 7643: 7641: 7456: 7454: 7452: 7450: 7362: 7360: 7358: 7090: 7088: 7086: 7084: 7047: 7045: 7043: 6930: 6841:"Political and Economic Crisis in North Vietnam, 1955–56" 6565:

Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, "Chronology", p. 45.

6444: 5989: 5906: 5904: 5902: 5900: 5898: 5896: 5632: 5552: 5221:, and the note in English at the end of the cited article 5009:

His birth name appeared in a letter from the director of

4881: 3582:, saw this as an opportunity to advance their own cause. 1238:

revolutionary, nationalist, and politician. He served as

7970: 7423: 7396: 7338: 7266: 7251: 7208: 7057: 7028: 7004: 6706: 6694: 4517: 4488:

Hồ Chí Minh statue and a yellow star as depicted in the

16031:

6th National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam

7709: 6682: 6658: 6634: 6610: 6589: 6111: 5456: 4561:

behind a statue of Hồ Chí Minh in Hanoi, September 2023

4290:

at the back of the palace, which is today known as the

4065:

principal diplomats involved in the Maneli affair were

1312:

against the Japanese in August 1945, which resulted in

17133:

Communist University of the Toilers of the East alumni

7721: 7638: 7447: 7435: 7384: 7355: 7326: 7184: 7160: 7148: 7136: 7112: 7081: 7069: 7040: 6900: 6898: 6742: 5979: 5977: 5893: 5851: 5690: 5516: 5514: 4223:, written when he was imprisoned by the police of the 1707:, attending a Communist congress in Marseille, France. 1607:

during his stay, and said he attended meetings of the

16983: 9551: 9216:

Việt Minh, NLF and the Democratic Republic of Vietnam

9057:

A People's History of the United States: 1492–present

7875: 7016: 6812:(Mailing list). Vietnam Studies Group. Archived from 6718: 6646: 6577: 6295:. Coombs.anu.edu.au. 2 September 1945. Archived from 4893: 4884: 4856: 3842:

systematically destroying any valuable infrastructure

3590:

In 1941, Hồ Chí Minh returned to Vietnam to lead the

3570:. He was using the name Hồ Quang during this period. 3466:, Berlin, Switzerland, and Italy, where he sailed to 7736: 6670: 6197: 6195: 5756:. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1982; p. 60. 5598: 5540: 4737:(the birthplace of Vladimir Lenin, a sister city of 4597:, which carried a small item about the controversy. 3654:

for support for Vietnamese independence, citing the

3626:, who helped release him from a KMT prison in 1943. 3394:

in June 1924 before arriving in Canton (present-day

1857:. His articles and speeches caught the attention of 1579:, where he claimed to have worked as a baker at the 241:

Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam

8867:. 30th Annual Congress of Orientalists. Mexico City 8846:. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. 8765:—————— (1984). 8518:—————— (2012). 8485:—————— (2000). 8125: 7196: 6895: 6180: 6146: 5974: 5511: 4878: 4875: 4859: 1250:from 1945 until his death in 1969. Ideologically a 16212:100: The Most Important People of the 20th Century 8944:Những mẩu chuyện về đời hoạt động của Hồ Chủ tịch 8611:. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 125. 6992: 6538: 6361: 6078:"Ho Chi Minh | Biography, Presidency, & Facts" 4782:100 Most Important People of the Twentieth Century 4499:Hồ Chí Minh statue outside Hồ Chí Minh City Hall, 194:General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Vietnam 8280:"[Ho Chi Minh: A Life] | C-SPAN.org" 7626: 6192: 4405:" ("You are still marching with us, Uncle Hồ"). 3518:French colonial authorities in Indochina and the 3493:House on Memorium for Hồ Chí Minh in Ban Nachok, 1754:, but they were ignored. Citing the principle of 17079: 15658:List of Eastern Bloc agents in the United States 9504:First Secretary of the Workers' Party of Vietnam 9194:Osborne, Milton (November 1980). "Ho Chi Minh". 9059:. New York: Harper Perennial. pp. 460–461. 8998:Vietnamese Communism: Its Origin and Development 6958:"The History Place – Vietnam War 1945–1960" 5468: 5324:. In Dean, Kenneth; van der Veer, Peter (eds.). 5293: 5103: 5095: 5078: 5070: 5062: 5015: 4991: 4983: 4946: 4938: 4400: 1864: 1701: 1682: 1643:in West Ealing. Claims that he was trained as a 1381: 1335: 1303: 1291: 1269: 1221: 1211: 1200: 1192: 633: 623: 604: 596: 588: 580: 572: 442: 426: 378: 364: 337: 318: 284: 263: 230: 216: 114: 93: 37: 14095:North Yemen-South Yemen Border conflict of 1972 13502:On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences 11258:National Political Publishing House – The Truth 9385:Bibliography: Writings by and about Hồ Chí Minh 8747:Vietnam: State, War, and Revolution (1945–1946) 8005:, Berkeley, the Indochina Resource Center, 1974 6142:Interview with OSS officer Carleton Swift, 1981 3808:. The Vietnam National Army, mostly armed with 3388:Communist University of the Toilers of the East 1823:Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea 774:President of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam 654:Communist University of the Toilers of the East 71:President of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam 9164:Vision Accomplished? The Enigma of Ho Chi Minh 8960:. Singapore: Information and Resource Center. 8950: 8911:. Vol. 1032. Princeton University Press. 8814:Neville, Peter (2018). "Chapter 3: Survival". 8107:"Great 'Uncle Ho' may have been a mere mortal" 6222: 6220: 6064: 6037: 5869: 5326:The Secular in South, East, and Southeast Asia 4261:(The Pariah) first published in Paris 1922 or 3722:In the same month, a force of 200,000 Chinese 3599:and the Japanese occupation of Vietnam during 1773:. They were unable to obtain consideration at 16193: 16109: 15818: 12991: 11945: 10899: 10487: 10118: 9537: 9210:. Singapore: Information and Resource Centre. 8941: 8694: 7871:, Vol XIII, No. 3, 2011, pp. 131–136, p. 133. 7691: 6952: 6950: 6810:"Newly released documents on the land reform" 5577: 5486: 4714:, and German songs about him were written by 4381:and many others, mostly Socialist countries. 3312: 3080:Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine 1172: 253:2 September 1945 – 20 September 1955 17283:Vietnamese expatriates in the United Kingdom 15734:Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War 13285:Incapacitation of the Allied Control Council 9198:. Vol. 30, no. 11. pp. 40–46. 9158:Hồ chí Minh toàn tập. NXB chính trị quốc gia 8578: 8040:, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2017, 87–107. 6205:. Jewish Telegraphic Agency. 8 November 1966 5650: 5259: 5216: 5192: 5179:Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary 5010: 4723:Socialist states and former Communist states 4603: 4345:Due to the sensitivity of 2 September being 4069:, the Indian Chief Commissioner of the ICC; 3969:Hồ Chí Minh with members of the East German 3961:harbor during his 1957 visit to East Germany 1794:. Upon hearing of the October 1920 death of 1713:French Section of the Workers' International 512:French Section of the Workers' International 138:19 February 1951 – 2 September 1969 83:2 September 1945 – 2 September 1969 14595:1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre 9184: 8879: 8320: 7582:"1960s Interview with Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam" 6217: 6130:Interview with Archimedes L. A. Patti, 1981 5962: 5960: 5958: 5921: 5919: 5772:Communist Party of Vietnam Online Newspaper 5638: 5565: 5233: 4388:in 1975, a famous song written by composer 3701:Birth of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam 3572:When France was defeated by Germany in 1940 1623:Commemorative plaque in Haymarket in London 206:5 October 1956 – 10 September 1960 17278:Vietnamese expatriates in the Soviet Union 16200: 16186: 16116: 16102: 15825: 15811: 15698:United States involvement in regime change 13253:1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine 12998: 12984: 11952: 11938: 10906: 10892: 10494: 10480: 10125: 10111: 9544: 9530: 9441:as Prime Minister of the Empire of Vietnam 9282: 9161: 9146: 8583:. Chiang Mai, Thailand: Cognoscenti Books. 8373:HoChiMinhOnRevolution-SelectedWritings.pdf 8101: 8099: 7842:Vietnam National Administration of Tourism 6947: 6381:"Liam Kelley | Department of History" 5655:. Chiang Mai, Thailand: Cognoscenti Books. 5445: 5443: 5441: 5236:"Lời truyền miệng dân gian về Hồ Chí Minh" 4760: 4294:. His hobbies (according to his secretary 3527:Shanghai. He subsequently returned to the 3319: 3305: 2479:Economic Problems of Socialism in the USSR 1699:Hồ Chí Minh, 1921, going by the pseudonym 1449:, a prerequisite for any serious study of 1179: 1165: 47: 16021:History of the Communist Party of Vietnam 10586:Provisional Central Government of Vietnam 9479:Chairman of the Workers' Party of Vietnam 9170: 9004: 8609:The World Transformed 1945 To the Present 8451: 6838: 6763:"Communist Land Policy in North Viet Nam" 6760: 6595: 5712:, University of Michigan Press, pp. 47–48 5578:Debolt, Abbe A; Baugess, James S (2011). 5462: 5439: 5437: 5435: 5433: 5431: 5429: 5427: 5425: 5423: 5421: 5229: 5227: 4658:Learn how and when to remove this message 3637:In April 1945, he met with the OSS agent 3402:in November 1924 using the name Ly Thuy. 3035:Communist Party of the Russian Federation 780:Chairman of the Workers' Party of Vietnam 408:31 March 1935 – 2 September 1969 126:Chairman of the Workers' Party of Vietnam 11238:Commission for Information and Education 9648:Japanese coup d'état in French Indochina 9202: 8883:Ho Chi Minh: The Missing Years 1919–1941 8801:(2). University Press of Florida: 6–22. 8768:Vietnamese Tradition on Trial, 1920–1945 8722: 8670: 8409: 7715: 7683: 7663: 7429: 7417: 7405: 7349: 7275: 7260: 7214: 7106: 7063: 7034: 7010: 6688: 6664: 6640: 6117: 5995: 5968:"Then & now: In the name of the law" 5955: 5949: 5916: 5910: 5857: 5721: 5696: 5374: 4764: 4669: 4638:Relevant discussion may be found on the 4548: 4532: 4516: 4494: 4483: 4435: 4423: 4269:Socialist Republic of Vietnam Government 4243: 4191: 4021: 3964: 3957:Hồ Chí Minh with East German sailors in 3952: 3927: 3761: 3628: 3595:successful military actions against the 3585: 3531:and in Moscow studied and taught at the 3488: 3476: 3362: 1804: 1798:hunger striker (and Lord Mayor of Cork) 1694: 1686: 1618: 1514:in France shows that he was admitted to 16125:Declarations of independence of Vietnam 15995:Renewal in Việt Nam: Theory and Reality 15832: 13824:Transition to the New Order (Indonesia) 9193: 9185:Morris, Virginia; Hills, Clive (2018). 8813: 8564:. Stanford: Stanford University Press. 8395:. RoutledgeCurzon. pp. 55–58, 76. 8290: 8096: 7804:"Uncle Ho's legacy lives on in Vietnam" 7687: 7667: 7647: 6317: 6049: 5875: 5377:"Father of modern Vietnam, Ho Chi Minh" 5350:"Uncle Ho's legacy lives on in Vietnam" 5215:Note: See the document in French, from 4694:. In addition, the Chilean folk singer 3932:Ho Chi Minh with Indian Prime Minister 3661:In 1946, future Israeli Prime Minister 3060:Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party 1609:Universal Negro Improvement Association 1566: 1551:on 5 July 1911. The ship then left for 846: 272:Prime Minister of the Empire of Vietnam 16:Vietnamese communist leader (1890–1969) 17080: 15668:Russian espionage in the United States 13940:Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia 11879:Ho Chi Minh Young Pioneer Organization 9134: 8995: 8974: 8904: 8841: 8646: 8625: 8579:Forbes, Andrew; Henley, David (2012). 8559: 8517: 8484: 8470:The Communist Road to Power in Vietnam 8464: 8430: 8247: 8070: 8043: 7976: 7881: 7754: 7730: 7703: 7679: 7659: 7460: 7441: 7390: 7378: 7366: 7332: 7228:Vietnam at War: the history, 1946–1975 7190: 7178: 7166: 7154: 7142: 7130: 7118: 7094: 7075: 7051: 7022: 6748: 6736: 6724: 6712: 6700: 6676: 6652: 6628: 6616: 6583: 6450: 6423: 6367: 6256:(Washington: Brassey's, 1997), p. 126 6166:"Collection of Letters by Ho Chi Minh" 5928:Vietnam at War: The History: 1946–1975 5651:Forbes, Andrew; Henley, David (2012). 5604: 5546: 5418: 5294:Nguyễn Xuân Tùng (18 September 2014). 5289: 5287: 5224: 4755:Vietnamese Ministry of Foreign Affairs 4729:in Moscow, a Hồ Chí Minh boulevard in 4508:The Communist Road to Power in Vietnam 4038:during a state dinner in Beijing, 1959 3141:All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) 2467:Dialectical and Historical Materialism 2136:Socialism with Chinese characteristics 308:28 August 1945 – 2 March 1946 16476:Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein 16181: 16097: 15806: 15663:Soviet espionage in the United States 13819:Indonesian mass killings of 1965–1966 13598:Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution 13263:1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight 12979: 12849:Mass killings under communist regimes 11933: 10887: 10475: 10106: 9724:Vietnamese Revolutionary Youth League 9525: 9453:2 September 1945 – 20 September 1955 8864:Ho Chi Minh: A Post-War Re-evaluation 8792: 8472:. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press. 8131: 8076: 7965:Berkeley Journal of International Law 7848:from the original on 3 September 2011 7801: 7606: 6490:Aux services des colonises, 1930–1953 6399:"Chiang Kai-shek and Vietnam in 1945" 6293:"Vietnam Declaration of Independence" 5983: 5813: 5403: 5255: 5253: 5046: 5005: 5003: 5001: 4962: 4924: 4907: 3886: 3505:until late 1929, when he moved on to 3431:argued that in June 1925 he betrayed 2643:Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution 2564:Industrialization in the Soviet Union 2499:Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung 1967:Intensification of the class struggle 791: 354:3 November 1946 – March 1947 17308:Vietnamese people of the Vietnam War 15739:Soviet Union–United States relations 14090:1972 visit by Richard Nixon to China 9419:2 September 1945 – 2 September 1969 9278:, University of North Carolina Press 9054: 8860: 8764: 8743: 8606: 8587: 8538: 8153:, Vietnam Breaking News, 19 May 2017 7999:Confucianism and Marxism in Vietnam' 7906: 7771:"Ho Chi Minh dies of heart attack". 7742: 7632: 7472: 7302:"China Admits Combat in Vietnam War" 7202: 6544: 6282:(New York: Soho Press, 1996), p. 51 6186: 6152: 5765: 5520: 5474: 4838: 4607: 4273:Vietnam Revolutionary Journalism Day 4140:In March 1966, a Canadian diplomat, 3936:in New Delhi, India, 7 February 1958 3085:Sandinista National Liberation Front 2559:Collectivization in the Soviet Union 17273:Vietnamese expatriates in Hong Kong 15703:Soviet involvement in regime change 8946:. Nhà xuất bản Chính trị quốc gia . 8581:Vietnam Past and Present: The North 8392:The Vietnam War from the Other Side 8388: 8003:Tradition and Revolution in Vietnam 7291:, No. 142 (June 1995), pp. 366–369. 6998: 6941: 6839:Szalontai, Balazs (November 2005). 5841:"호찌민 감시 佛 경찰문건 대거발굴…한국 임시정부 활약상 생생" 5665: 5653:Vietnam Past and Present: The North 5383:New York City College of Technology 5319: 5284: 4567:Confucianism and Marxism in Vietnam 4292:Presidential Palace Historical Site 3040:Communist Party of the Soviet Union 1525: 1492:, also attended the school, as did 13: 15744:Soviet Union–United States summits 13218:1947 Polish parliamentary election 13103:Guerrilla war in the Baltic states 10812: 10787: 10752: 10667: 10610: 10552: 10525: 10338: 10313: 10250: 10218: 10184: 10156: 9177:Ho Chi Minh: A Political Biography 9075: 9029: 8771:. University of California Press. 8750:. University of California Press. 8695:Lanzona, V.A.; Rettig, F. (2020). 7814:from the original on 11 April 2015 7522:"Prison Diary" published in Korean 7475:"Ho Chi Minh: From 'Prison Diary'" 6889: 6807: 5843:. 15 December 2018. Archived from 5620:. Government of the United Kingdom 5404:Woolf, Chris (18 September 2017). 5322:"The Uncle Hồ religion in Vietnam" 5250: 4998: 4769:Hồ Chí Minh bust in Kolkata, India 4399:was often sung by PAVN soldiers: " 3239:State ideology of the Soviet Union 2472:The History of the Communist Party 14: 17329: 17288:Vietnamese independence activists 17218:People of the First Indochina War 17143:20th-century Vietnamese diplomats 15985:The Last Testament of Ho Chi Minh 15980:The Path Which Led Me To Leninism 15959:Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union 15878:Socialist-oriented market economy 14505:Lord's Resistance Army insurgency 14440:United States invasion of Grenada 13710:Guinea-Bissau War of Independence 13651:Expulsion of Soviets from Albania 12803:Criticism of communist party rule 11914:Socialist-oriented market economy 11874:Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union 11223:Commission for External Relations 9309: 9242: 8248:Karnow, Stanley (13 April 1998). 6440:. September 1972. pp. 14–18. 6383:. 14 October 2014. Archived from 5774:. Gioi Publishers. Archived from 5536:. nguoiviet.com. 3 November 2018. 5115:Founding father of modern Vietnam 4481:shortly after his death in 1970. 4402:Bác vẫn cùng chúng cháu hành quân 3832:, holding off attackers by using 3748:Le Minh Khai's Asian History Blog 3413:, he lived with a Chinese woman, 3348:interview with William Duiker on 3172:Criticism of communist party rule 2504:President Ho Chi Minh's Testament 1942:Commanding heights of the economy 1522:demonstration (9–13 April 1908). 1262:, the predecessor of the current 1081:President Ho Chi Minh's Testament 1076:The Path Which Led Me To Leninism 555: 17268:Vietnamese expatriates in France 17238:Recipients of the Order of Lenin 17065: 17053: 17041: 17029: 17017: 17005: 16993: 15886: 14580:United States invasion of Panama 14430:1982 Ethiopian–Somali Border War 14070:1971 Turkish military memorandum 14033:Communist insurgency in Thailand 14003:Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty 13935:Communist insurgency in Malaysia 13762:Assassination of John F. Kennedy 13690:Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation 13208:Restatement of Policy on Germany 12958: 12946: 12824:21st-century communist theorists 10927: 10915: 10503: 10274:Provisional Leadership Committee 10134: 9573:Capture of the Citadel of Saigon 9371:Satellite photo of the mausoleum 8698:Women Warriors in Southeast Asia 8680:. New York: Simon and Schuster. 8366: 8340: 8321:VietnamPlus (20 February 2022). 8314: 8272: 8241: 8223: 8209: 8191: 8156: 8137: 8049: 8030: 8008: 7991: 7982: 7957: 7900: 7887: 7860: 7826: 7795: 7781: 7764: 7609:"Esperanto the language of love" 7607:Brown, Simon Leo (6 June 2014). 7600: 7574: 7536:by Steve Bradbury, Tinfish Press 7485: 7466: 7294: 7281: 7233: 7220: 6983: 6971: 6921: 6907: 6832: 6801: 6754: 6502:A nationwide call for resistance 6280:Giap: the Volcano under the Snow 5193:Vũ Ngự Chiêu (23 October 2011). 5146: 5137: 4852: 4612: 4187: 4007:Laos in July 1959, aided by the 3943:International Control Commission 3757:Vietnam: Sociologie d'une Guerre 3339: 3286: 3274: 3262: 3065:Lao People's Revolutionary Party 2489:Fundamentals of Marxism–Leninism 2474:of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks) 1888: 1152: 1146: 817:French Indochina in World War II 739: 702: 683: 17318:World War II resistance members 17263:Vietnamese expatriates in China 17153:Government ministers of Vietnam 15300:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 14681:Dissolution of the Soviet Union 14610:Fall of the inner German border 14510:1988 Black Sea bumping incident 14160:Strategic Arms Limitation Talks 14150:Spanish transition to democracy 14110:1972–1975 Bangladesh insurgency 13737:Communist insurgency in Sarawak 13243:Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948 13124:Occupation of the Baltic states 12085:Dictatorship of the proletariat 9449:Prime Minister of North Vietnam 8381: 7588:. Kinolibrary. 12 February 2015 6601: 6568: 6559: 6550: 6513: 6495: 6492:, Editions Minuit, Paris, p. 22 6482: 6469: 6466:. François Maspero, Paris. 1975 6456: 6429: 6401:. 25 April 2013. Archived from 6391: 6373: 6336: 6311: 6285: 6272: 6259: 6246: 6158: 6135: 6123: 6096: 6070: 6043: 6001: 5833: 5807: 5790: 5759: 5754:Vietnamese Communism, 1925–1945 5746: 5715: 5702: 5659: 5644: 5610: 5571: 5534:"Ngo Dinh Diem and ho Chi Minh" 5526: 5501: 5492: 5397: 5375:Watanabe, Musa (25 July 2014). 5368: 5342: 5313: 5201:(in Vietnamese). Archived from 5128: 5119: 5087: 5054: 5040: 5023: 4727:Hồ Chí Minh square and monument 4557:with Vietnamese Prime Minister 4336:President Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum 2058:Theory of the productive forces 1512:Centre des archives d'Outre-mer 1510:. However, a document from the 786: 551: 16353:Unknown Tiananmen Square rebel 14080:Four Power Agreement on Berlin 13715:Mozambican War of Independence 13154:Indonesian National Revolution 10746:Democratic Republic of Vietnam 10177:Democratic Republic of Vietnam 8888:University of California Press 8795:Journal of Third World Studies 8677:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975 8416:. Cambridge University Press. 8077:Baker, Mark (15 August 2002). 7836:[Temple of Uncle Hồ]. 7777:. 4 September 1969. p. 1. 5814:Dwyer, Ryle (13 August 2019). 5186: 5166: 4992: 4977: 4953: 4947: 4932: 4845: 4733:, and a Hồ Chí Minh square in 4698:referenced Hồ Chí Minh in his 4386:North Vietnam's final campaign 3984: 3680:Democratic Republic of Vietnam 3658:, but Truman never responded. 2484:A Critique of Soviet Economics 1729:Groupe des Patriotes Annamites 1365:against South Vietnam and its 1318:Democratic Republic of Vietnam 1244:Democratic Republic of Vietnam 1: 17118:20th-century Vietnamese poets 16219:Leaders & revolutionaries 15678:CIA and the Cultural Cold War 14693:Dissolution of Czechoslovakia 14646:Min Ping Yu No. 5540 incident 14368:1984 Summer Olympics boycotts 14333:Seven Days to the River Rhine 14065:Corrective Revolution (Egypt) 13352:March 1949 Syrian coup d'état 13280:1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état 12025:Critique of political economy 11959: 11884:Vietnam People's Armed Forces 11207:Central Inspection Commission 10875:head of a military government 10806:Socialist Republic of Vietnam 10332:Socialist Republic of Vietnam 10012:French protectorate of Tonkin 9355:Ho Chi Minh Selected Writings 9325:Works by or about Ho Chi Minh 9226:From colonialism to communism 8957:Ho Chi Minh and the Comintern 8268:– via content.time.com. 8056:The Zenith by Duong Thu Huong 5938:From Colonialism to Communism 5802:Journal of Vietnamese Studies 5722:Phong, Huy; Anh, Yen (1989). 5300:Ministry of Justice (Vietnam) 5159: 4964:[ŋu˧ie˧˧˥ˀn̪si˧ŋku˧ŋ] 4521:Shrine devoted to Hồ Chí Minh 1925:Soviet-type economic planning 1905:Administrative-command system 1865:In the Soviet Union and China 1683:Political education in France 1614: 1392: 1353:. Hồ was a key figure in the 1328:. The Việt Minh defeated the 54: 17208:People from Nghệ An province 17138:Foreign ministers of Vietnam 14671:Fall of communism in Albania 14641:Mongolian Revolution of 1990 14590:Polish Round Table Agreement 13930:1968 Polish political crisis 13747:Eritrean War of Independence 13513:Hungarian Revolution of 1956 13408:East German uprising of 1953 13340:Chinese Communist Revolution 13005: 12918:Socialist mode of production 12834:Anti-communist mass killings 12776:Workers of the world, unite! 12045:Proletarian internationalism 11233:Mass Mobilization Commission 10024:French colony of Cochinchina 10000:French protectorate of Annam 9583:Ba Dinh uprising / Cần Vương 9257:. Little, Brown and Company. 9128: 9101:Resources in other libraries 9005:Valentino, Benjamin (2005). 8880:Quinn-Judge, Sophie (2002). 8842:Nguyen, Lien-Hang T (2012). 8632:. Rowman & Littlefield. 8437:. Indiana University Press. 6761:Gittinger, J. Price (1959). 6438:Southeast Asian Perspectives 6436:"Myths of the Vietnam War". 6426:, pp. 57–59, 67–69, 74. 5768:"Ho Chi Minh, Life and Work" 5453:. New York: Hyperion, 2000. 4804:One of Hồ Chí Minh's works, 4745:government, in the hands of 4235:(Lunar new year) edition of 3862:In February 1950, after the 3671:Nationalist Party of Vietnam 3605:Office of Strategic Services 3030:Communist Party of Kampuchea 2673:Hungarian Revolution of 1956 2004:Proletarian internationalism 1530: 1280:French protectorate of Annam 1256:Chairman and First Secretary 1109:Ho Chi Minh monument, Moscow 21:Ho Chi Minh (disambiguation) 7: 17248:Vietnamese anti-capitalists 15954:Vietnamese Fatherland Front 14545:Korean Air Lines Flight 007 14273:Korean Air Lines Flight 902 14018:Corrective Movement (Syria) 13982:New People's Army rebellion 13977:Sino-Soviet border conflict 13705:Angolan War of Independence 13568:Second Taiwan Strait Crisis 13448:1954 Guatemalan coup d'état 13093:Jamaican political conflict 12886:Marx's theory of alienation 11202:Central Military Commission 9271:, Stanford University Press 9262:The American War in Vietnam 9154:. Rowman & Littlefield. 9000:. Hoover Institution Press. 8975:Tucker, Spencer C. (1999). 8905:Shafer, D. Michael (1988). 8656:. New York: Penguin Books. 8590:The American War in Vietnam 7473:Minh, Ho Chi (7 May 1968). 6052:Bác Hồ Trên Đất Nước Lê-Nin 4816: 4594:Far Eastern Economic Review 4221:Poems from the Prison Diary 3864:Battle of Route Coloniale 4 3724:National Revolutionary Army 3624:National Revolutionary Army 3055:Indochinese Communist Party 2073:Wars of national liberation 1541:Amiral de Latouche-Tréville 1114:Ho Chi Minh Sarani, Kolkata 839:Declaration of Independence 812:Indochinese Communist Party 524:Indochinese Communist Party 296:Minister of Foreign Affairs 10: 17334: 17313:Vietnamese revolutionaries 17233:Prime ministers of Vietnam 16370:Artists & entertainers 16026:Five-Year Plans of Vietnam 15949:Communist Party of Vietnam 14741:Sino-Indian border dispute 14570:First Nagorno-Karabakh War 14500:1987–1989 JVP insurrection 14258:1976 Argentine coup d'état 14170:Turkish invasion of Cyprus 14120:1973 Uruguayan coup d'état 13804:1964 Brazilian coup d'état 13772:Cyprus crisis of 1963–1964 13461:First Taiwan Strait Crisis 13228:Asian Relations Conference 10923:Communist Party of Vietnam 10510:Prime ministers of Vietnam 9739:Communist Party of Vietnam 9415:President of North Vietnam 9038:Cambridge University Press 8996:Turner, Robert F. (1975). 8723:Logevall, Fredrik (2012). 8431:Dommen, Arthur J. (2001). 7802:Marsh, Viv (7 June 2012). 6479:, Paris: Nautilus Editions 6054:. Nhà Xuất Bản Thanh Niên. 4780:listed him in the list of 4706:wrote "Teacher Uncle Ho". 4215:. Hồ was taught to master 3988: 3704: 3574:, Hồ and his lieutenants, 3182:Marxist schools of thought 3075:Party of Labour of Albania 3045:Communist Party of Vietnam 1663:, home of the New Zealand 1298:independence movement, an 1264:Communist Party of Vietnam 18: 16826: 16672:Scientists & thinkers 16671: 16520: 16369: 16218: 16131: 16063: 16003: 15967: 15941: 15895: 15884: 15840: 15777: 15726: 15648: 15625:William Appleman Williams 15570:Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. 15352: 15324: 15273: 15205: 15198: 15132: 14997: 14922: 14852: 14845: 14754: 14701: 14633: 14346: 14085:Bangladesh Liberation War 14075:1971 Sudanese coup d'état 13990: 13962:1969 Sudanese coup d'état 13950:1968 Peruvian coup d'état 13613: 13388:Arab Cold War (1952–1979) 13365: 13075: 13013: 12941: 12816: 12785: 12743: 12665: 12287: 12236: 12198: 12134: 12093: 11967: 11896: 11861: 11852: 11746: 11737: 11655: 11577: 11509: 11425: 11416: 11409: 11327: 11320: 11280: 11215: 11184: 11045: 10948: 10937: 10869: 10804: 10792:Republic of South Vietnam 10781:Republic of South Vietnam 10779: 10744: 10659: 10602: 10584: 10544: 10517: 10454: 10330: 10307:Republic of South Vietnam 10305: 10242: 10210: 10175: 10148: 10141:Heads of state of Vietnam 10080: 10039: 9970: 9934: 9833: 9747: 9681: 9643:1940 Cochinchina uprising 9613:1916 Cochinchina uprising 9560: 9510: 9501: 9493: 9485: 9476: 9470: 9465: 9455: 9446: 9431: 9421: 9412: 9397: 9392: 9274:Nguyen Lien-Hang T. 2012 9109: 9096:Resources in your library 8607:Hunt, Michael H. (2016). 8542:Last Reflections on a War 8539:Fall, Bernard. B (1967). 8410:Brocheux, Pierre (2007). 8083:The Sydney Morning Herald 7692:Lanzona & Rettig 2020 7662:, pp. 143–145, 198; 6862:10.1080/14682740500284630 6808:Vu, Tuong (25 May 2007). 5618:"The Drayton Court Hotel" 5328:. Springer. p. 219. 5105:Người cha già của dân tộc 5016: 5011: 4984: 4939: 4604:Depictions of Hồ Chí Minh 4469:), the Bringer of Light ( 4419: 4159:In January 1967, General 4127:Operation Rolling Thunder 3793:Fontainebleau conferences 3338: 3333: 1727:. In Paris he joined the 1702: 1382: 1369:. Vietnam was officially 1336: 1304: 1292: 1270: 1260:Workers' Party of Vietnam 1246:from 1945 to 1955 and as 1201: 1193: 990:National Liberation Front 806:Struggle for Independence 726: 717:Recorded 2 September 1945 691: 679: 659: 647: 634: 624: 616: 605: 597: 589: 581: 573: 565: 533: 502: 496:Workers' Party of Vietnam 491: 480: 460: 443: 427: 421: 416: 412: 401: 386: 379: 372: 365: 358: 347: 338: 331: 319: 312: 301: 294: 285: 278: 264: 257: 246: 238: 231: 224: 217: 210: 199: 192: 180: 168: 142: 131: 124: 115: 108: 94: 87: 76: 68: 64: 46: 38: 30: 17223:Political party founders 14400:1980 Turkish coup d'état 14235:Cambodian–Vietnamese War 14205:1978 Somali coup attempt 14165:Second Iraqi–Kurdish War 14130:1973 Chilean coup d'état 13955:Revolutionary Government 13849:South African Border War 13641:1960 Turkish coup d'état 13558:Iraqi 14 July Revolution 13413:1953 Iranian coup d'état 13393:1952 Egyptian revolution 12070:Workers' self-management 9466:Party political offices 9166:. The Macmillan Company. 9013:Cornell University Press 8413:Ho Chi Minh: A Biography 8389:Ang, Cheng Guan (2002). 6168:. Rationalrevolution.net 5796:Brett Reilly, review of 5084:and over 50–200 aliases. 4725:. In Russia, there is a 4621:This article or section 4328: 3855:According to journalist 3447:, never denounced Quốc. 3407:Whampoa Military Academy 3392:Fifth Comintern Congress 3390:and participated in the 3025:Communist Party of India 2024:Socialism in one country 1979:Marxist–Leninist atheism 1355:People's Army of Vietnam 910:Fontainebleau Agreements 748:This article is part of 17303:Vietnamese nationalists 14605:Fall of the Berlin Wall 14550:People Power Revolution 14535:Central American crisis 14475:1986 Black Sea incident 14125:1973 Afghan coup d'état 14023:Western Sahara conflict 13834:1966 Syrian coup d'état 13757:1963 Syrian coup d'état 13700:Portuguese Colonial War 13663:First Iraqi–Kurdish War 13428:1954 Syrian coup d'état 13305:Annexation of Hyderabad 13248:1947–1949 Palestine war 12908:Revolutionary socialism 12116:Socialization (Marxism) 11271:The Communist Newspaper 11243:Organisation Commission 10557:Republic of Cochinchina 10546:Republic of Cochinchina 10372:(1987–1992) (Chairman: 10362:(1981–1987) (Chairman: 9719:Việt Nam Quang Phục Hội 9668:Battle of Dien Bien Phu 9367:(archived 14 July 2007) 9365:Hồ Chí Minh's biography 9316:Chi Minh Ho (1890–1969) 9283:American foreign policy 9162:Khắc Huyên, N. (1971). 9123:. New American Library. 8744:Marr, David G. (2013). 7527:16 October 2015 at the 6556:Luo, Guibo. pp. 233–236 6318:Neville, Peter (2019). 6228:"Israel Was Everything" 5724:"Unmasking Ho Chi Minh" 5320:Ngo, Tam T. T. (2018). 4790:decolonization movement 4761:International influence 4428:Hồ Chí Minh Mausoleum, 3877:Battle of Dien Bien Phu 3797:bombardment of Haiphong 3675:Dai Viet National Party 3234:State ideology of China 3160:under communist regimes 3158:Crimes against humanity 3118:Marxism–Leninism–Maoism 3090:Workers' Party of Korea 3020:Communist Party of Cuba 3015:Chinese Communist Party 2683:Portuguese Colonial War 2509:The Governance of China 2462:Foundations of Leninism 2009:Protracted people's war 1957:Dialectical materialism 1792:Communist International 1345:, and resulting in the 932:Battle of Dien Bien Phu 17213:People of the Cold War 16283:Martin Luther King Jr. 14899:Neoclassical economics 14410:Gulf of Sidra incident 13967:1969 Libyan revolution 13658:Iraqi–Kurdish conflict 13443:1954 Geneva Conference 13203:Turkish straits crisis 13198:Corfu Channel incident 11185:Decision-making bodies 10818: 10793: 10758: 10673: 10616: 10558: 10531: 10344: 10319: 10256: 10224: 10190: 10162: 9729:Việt Nam Quốc Dân Đảng 9588:Pacification of Tonkin 9555:independence movements 9351:(archived 31 May 2000) 8942:Trần Dân Tiên (1994). 8861:Pike, Douglas (1976). 8203:www.telegraphindia.com 7789:The Sun News-Pictorial 6739:, pp. 95, 99–100. 6631:, pp. 89, 91, 97. 5952:, p. 44 and xiii. 5925:Davidson, Phillip B., 5883:"The Learning Network" 5217: 5104: 5096: 5079: 5071: 5063: 5020:, dated 7 August 1908. 4770: 4675: 4562: 4542: 4541:, Hồ Chí Minh's father 4522: 4503: 4492: 4462: 4433: 4401: 4249: 4201: 4039: 3974: 3962: 3937: 3893:1954 Geneva Conference 3767: 3634: 3520:Hong Kong Police Force 3498: 3486: 3379: 3050:French Communist Party 2960:Bosnia and Herzegovina 2269:Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej 2184:Khorloogiin Choibalsan 1810: 1752:Versailles peace talks 1723:as well as his friend 1708: 1692: 1657:Haymarket, Westminster 1624: 1288:French Communist Party 1222: 1212: 881:Socialist Constitution 797:French Communist Party 518:French Communist Party 17293:Vietnamese male poets 17258:Vietnamese communists 17228:Presidents of Vietnam 17158:Left-wing nationalism 17113:20th-century atheists 16521:Builders & titans 16325:Franklin D. Roosevelt 15749:Russia–NATO relations 15630:Jonathan Reed Winkler 14914:Democratic capitalism 14909:Supply-side economics 14877:American conservatism 14676:Breakup of Yugoslavia 14565:Bougainville conflict 14480:South Yemen civil war 14415:Martial law in Poland 14278:Nicaraguan Revolution 14253:Dirty War (Argentina) 14060:1971 JVP insurrection 13874:Years of Lead (Italy) 13752:North Yemen civil war 13670:Berlin Crisis of 1961 13646:Albanian–Soviet split 13578:1959 Tibetan uprising 13543:Syrian Crisis of 1957 13398:Iraqi Intifada (1952) 13258:1948 Arab–Israeli War 12859:Intentional community 11995:Collective leadership 11657:Inspection Commission 10816: 10791: 10756: 10671: 10614: 10556: 10529: 10463:collective leadership 10342: 10317: 10254: 10222: 10188: 10160: 10091:independence movement 9305:. Arbor House Pub Co. 9189:. McFarland & Co. 9142:. New York: Hyperion. 9055:Zinn, Howard (1995). 8626:Jacobs, Seth (2006). 8592:. SEAP Publications. 8560:Gaiduk, Ilya (2003). 8023:1 August 2020 at the 8001:in Nguyen Khac Vien, 7562:ro:Constantin Lupeanu 6944:, pp. 55–58, 76. 6488:Daniel Guérin (1954) 6462:Daniel Hemery (1975) 5800:by Fredrik Logevall, 4768: 4673: 4625:synthesis of material 4552: 4536: 4520: 4498: 4487: 4439: 4427: 4247: 4195: 4025: 3999:in South Vietnam; a " 3968: 3956: 3931: 3822:hollow-charge warhead 3772:Trotskyism in Vietnam 3765: 3632: 3586:Independence movement 3492: 3480: 3366: 3070:Nepal Communist Party 2693:Nicaraguan Revolution 2329:Mengistu Haile Mariam 1947:Democratic centralism 1937:Collective leadership 1808: 1698: 1690: 1622: 1443:traditional herbalist 1282:. From 1911, he left 1099:Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum 915:Ho–Sainteny agreement 787:Early life and family 485:Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum 16662:Thomas J. Watson Jr. 16016:Communism in Vietnam 15170:Non-Aligned Movement 14792:Peaceful coexistence 14746:North Borneo dispute 14661:German reunification 14656:Min Ping Yu No. 5202 14354:Salvadoran Civil War 14303:Grand Mosque seizure 14298:Yemenite War of 1979 14190:Mozambican Civil War 14145:Carnation Revolution 14100:Yemenite War of 1972 14038:1970 Polish protests 13869:1967 Hong Kong riots 13844:Argentine Revolution 13794:Guatemalan Civil War 13722:Cuban Missile Crisis 13636:Bay of Pigs Invasion 13508:1956 Poznań protests 13486:Geneva Summit (1955) 13088:Hukbalahap Rebellion 13067:Non-Aligned Movement 12965:Socialism portal 12953:Communism portal 12808:Criticism of Marxism 12798:Communist propaganda 12228:Fourth International 12218:Second International 12005:Communist revolution 11756:Provisional: 1930–35 9618:Thái Nguyên uprising 9603:Yên Thế Insurrection 9578:Cochinchina Campaign 9334:Hồ Chí Minh obituary 8588:Hunt, David (1993). 7706:, pp. 185, 198. 7682:, pp. 198–189; 7553:Félix Pita Rodríguez 7491:Translated version: 6348:www.encyclopedia.com 5847:on 15 December 2018. 5678:on 24 September 2015 5111:Father of the people 4823:Communism in Vietnam 4684:Félix Pita Rodríguez 4444:of Hồ Chí Minh with 4318:Nguyễn Thị Minh Khai 4213:Imperial examination 4150:Henry Cabot Lodge Jr 4067:Ramchundur Goburdhun 3848:at Việt Bắc, during 3293:Socialism portal 3269:Communism portal 2688:Black power movement 2658:Non-Aligned Movement 2029:Socialist patriotism 1567:In the United States 1437:(Nguyễn Tất Đạt), a 554: 1926; 175:Position established 19:For other uses, see 17298:Vietnamese Marxists 17253:Vietnamese atheists 16810:Ludwig Wittgenstein 16757:John Maynard Keynes 16529:Stephen Bechtel Sr. 16011:Politics of Vietnam 15834:Ho Chi Minh Thought 15615:Alex von Tunzelmann 15605:Vladimir Tismăneanu 15530:Thomas J. McCormick 15525:Jack F. Matlock Jr. 15425:Robert Hugh Ferrell 15288:Crusade for Freedom 15085:Illiberal democracy 14969:Ho Chi Minh Thought 14772:Eisenhower Doctrine 14625:Peaceful Revolution 14620:Romanian Revolution 14600:Revolutions of 1989 14585:1988 Polish strikes 14495:Operation INFEKTION 14490:1987 Lieyu massacre 14395:Eritrean Civil Wars 14378:Peruvian Revolution 14328:1979 Herat uprising 14318:Sino-Vietnamese War 14283:Uganda–Tanzania War 14263:Egyptian–Libyan War 14230:Third Indochina War 14225:Sino-Albanian split 14215:Ethiopian Civil War 14115:Eritrean Civil Wars 14055:Ping-pong diplomacy 14028:Cambodian Civil War 13854:Korean DMZ Conflict 13839:Cultural Revolution 13809:Dominican Civil War 13787:Tlatelolco massacre 13573:1959 Mosul uprising 13563:1958 Lebanon crisis 13290:Al-Wathbah uprising 13213:First Indochina War 13183:Iran crisis of 1946 12913:Socialist economics 12829:Anti anti-communism 12758:Red flag (politics) 12223:Third International 12213:First International 12040:Market abolitionism 11985:Class consciousness 11904:Ho Chi Minh Thought 11579:Military Commission 11410:Leadership sittings 11281:Steering committees 11248:Theoretical Council 10661:Republic of Vietnam 10410:Đặng Thị Ngọc Thịnh 10244:Republic of Vietnam 9663:First Indochina War 9623:Bazin assassination 9264:, SEAP Publications 9140:Ho Chi Minh: A Life 8917:10.2307/j.ctt7zvtwm 8521:Ho Chi Minh: A Life 8488:Ho Chi Minh: A Life 8460:(Jan–Mar 1957): 85. 8454:The China Quarterly 8149:6 July 2017 at the 7997:Nguyen Khac Vien, ' 7945:on 27 February 2022 7792:, 1 May 1975, p. 1. 7420:, pp. 439–440. 7381:, pp. 492–493. 7307:The Washington Post 7181:, pp. 340–342. 7133:, pp. 271–273. 7109:, pp. 233–234. 6980:, 26 February 1983. 6607:Maclear, pp. 65–68. 6453:, pp. 153–154. 6387:on 14 October 2014. 6254:Victory At Any Cost 6065:Tôn Thất Thiện 1990 6038:Tôn Thất Thiện 1990 6019:on 13 February 2018 5870:Tôn Thất Thiện 1990 5451:Ho Chi Minh: A Life 5449:Duiker, William J. 4828:First Indochina War 4753:. According to the 4589:Ho Chi Minh: A Life 4284:Presidential Palace 3947:Walter Bedell Smith 3846:Jean Étienne Valluy 3707:First Indochina War 3441:Ho Chi Minh: A Life 3350:Hồ Chí Minh: A Life 3281:Politics portal 3187:National Bolshevism 3177:Cult of personality 2713:Revolutions of 1989 2708:Naxalite insurgency 2698:Cultural Revolution 2584:Great Patriotic War 2439:Wojciech Jaruzelski 2399:Nur Muhammad Taraki 2106:Ho Chi Minh Thought 1819:Third International 1641:Drayton Court Hotel 1594:Korean nationalists 1419:French protectorate 1347:division of Vietnam 1343:First Indochina War 1234:, was a Vietnamese 1052:Ho Chi Minh Thought 893:First Indochina War 698:Ho Chi Minh's voice 387:Full Member of the 326:(Empire of Vietnam) 17103:Ho Chi Minh family 16930:Emmeline Pankhurst 16849:Lady Diana Spencer 16827:Heroes & icons 16613:Charles E. Merrill 16332:Theodore Roosevelt 16161:Tuyên ngôn độc lập 15769:Russian Revolution 15565:Mary Elise Sarotte 15550:William B. Pickett 15475:Patrick J. Hearden 15455:Gabriel Gorodetsky 15450:Timothy Garton Ash 15435:Anneli Ute Gabanyi 15030:Ethnic nationalism 14782:Hallstein Doctrine 14666:Yemeni unification 14455:1985 Geneva Summit 14420:Casamance conflict 14323:New Jewel Movement 14308:Iranian Revolution 14293:Chadian–Libyan War 14240:Cambodian conflict 14220:Lebanese Civil War 14210:Western Sahara War 14185:June 1976 protests 14180:Cambodian genocide 13945:17 July Revolution 13899:Nigerian Civil War 13814:Rhodesian Bush War 13799:Colombian conflict 13742:Ramadan Revolution 13481:Bandung Conference 13357:Operation Valuable 13238:Partition of India 12933:Worker cooperative 12891:National communism 12864:Left-wing politics 12769:The Internationale 12121:Economic democracy 11853:Wider organisation 11836:13th: 2021–present 11725:13th: 2021–present 11501:13th: 2021–present 10819: 10794: 10759: 10674: 10617: 10559: 10532: 10345: 10320: 10257: 10225: 10191: 10163: 9881:Nguyễn Thượng Hiền 9805:Nguyễn Thiện Thuật 9714:Tonkin Free School 9393:Political offices 9342:(4 September 1969) 9339:The New York Times 9289:Henry A. Kissinger 9267:Ilya Gaiduck 2003 9260:David Hunt. 1993. 9249:Frances FitzGerald 9236:A Viet Cong Memoir 9136:Duiker, William J. 9030:Vu, Tuong (2010). 8653:Vietnam: A History 8524:. Hachette Books. 8491:. Hyperion Books. 8466:Duiker, William J. 8354:. 20 February 2021 8219:. 4 December 2014. 7920:. pp. 76–90. 7774:The Globe and Mail 7686:, pp. 62–63; 7531:by Ahn Kyong Hwan. 7314:on 6 November 2017 6904:Moise, pp. 237–268 6816:on 1 December 2019 6767:Far Eastern Survey 6703:, pp. 90, 97. 6232:The New York Times 6107:The New York Times 6082:www.britannica.com 5887:The New York Times 5804:11.1 (2016), 147.r 5752:Huynh, Kim Kháhn, 5487:Trần Dân Tiên 1994 5272:on 3 December 2013 5260:Nguyễn Vĩnh Châu. 5101:('President Hồ'), 4771: 4676: 4635:to the main topic. 4629:verifiably mention 4623:possibly contains 4563: 4543: 4537:Temple devoted to 4523: 4504: 4493: 4463: 4434: 4322:Far Eastern Bureau 4313:Chinese Communists 4250: 4202: 4154:Operation Marigold 4146:Janusz Lewandowski 4040: 3975: 3963: 3938: 3923:Vyacheslav Molotov 3887:Becoming president 3768: 3753:Vietnam: A History 3736:French concessions 3726:troops arrived in 3635: 3499: 3487: 3380: 3352:, 12 November 2000 2718:Nepalese Civil War 2678:Great Leap Forward 2606:Chinese Revolution 2279:Kaysone Phomvihane 1994:People's democracy 1932:Collective farming 1811: 1763:Georges Clemenceau 1756:self-determination 1709: 1693: 1625: 1581:Parker House Hotel 1104:Ho Chi Minh Museum 187:Position abolished 17243:Viet Minh members 17128:Anti-revisionists 17123:Anti-imperialists 17108:Age controversies 16981: 16980: 16909:Charles Lindbergh 16842:The American G.I. 16736:Robert H. Goddard 16722:Alexander Fleming 16346:Margaret Thatcher 16318:Eleanor Roosevelt 16276:Ruhollah Khomeini 16269:Pope John Paul II 16248:Mikhail Gorbachev 16234:Winston Churchill 16175: 16174: 16091: 16090: 15800: 15799: 15787:List of conflicts 15635:Rudolph Winnacker 15580:Giles Scott-Smith 15555:Ronald E. Powaski 15510:Melvyn P. Leffler 15440:John Lewis Gaddis 15415:Robert D. English 15380:Warren H. Carroll 15370:Michael Beschloss 15339:Nuclear arms race 15320: 15319: 15226:Neues Deutschland 15128: 15127: 15110:White nationalism 15080:Liberal democracy 14817:Ulbricht Doctrine 14807:Brezhnev Doctrine 14615:Velvet Revolution 14359:Soviet–Afghan War 14175:Angolan Civil War 13972:Goulash Communism 13829:ASEAN Declaration 13782:Mexican Dirty War 13680:Annexation of Goa 13631:1960 U-2 incident 13605:Sino-Soviet split 13583:Laotian Civil War 13423:Bricker Amendment 13403:Mau Mau rebellion 13347:Malayan Emergency 13335:Chinese Civil War 13295:Tito–Stalin split 13149:Division of Korea 12973: 12972: 12753:Hammer and sickle 12244:Communist Parties 12060:Stateless society 12055:Social revolution 12020:Communist society 11990:Classless society 11927: 11926: 11892: 11891: 11857: 11848: 11847: 11844: 11843: 11748:Central Committee 11733: 11732: 11419:Central Committee 11405: 11404: 11329:National Congress 11321:National meetings 11316: 11315: 11293:Central Highlands 11091:Nguyễn Thanh Bình 10950:General Secretary 10940:Central Committee 10881: 10880: 10530:Empire of Vietnam 10519:Empire of Vietnam 10469: 10468: 10392:Nguyễn Minh Triết 10161:Empire of Vietnam 10150:Empire of Vietnam 10100: 10099: 9825:Nguyễn Trung Trực 9760:Nguyễn Quang Bích 9704:Empire of Vietnam 9673:Geneva Conference 9653:August Revolution 9633:Nghệ-Tĩnh Soviets 9598:Hanoi Poison Plot 9520: 9519: 9511:Succeeded by 9486:Succeeded by 9456:Succeeded by 9444: 9422:Succeeded by 9410: 9293:White House Years 9148:Halberstam, David 9082:Library resources 9066:978-0-06-092643-4 8827:978-0-429-82822-5 8778:978-0-520-90744-7 8736:978-0-679-64519-1 8708:978-1-317-57184-1 8618:978-0-19-937102-0 8423:978-0-521-85062-9 8402:978-0-7007-1615-9 8058:. Da Mau magazine 8036:Chung Van Hoang, 8014:Stein Tonnesson, 7979:, pp. 26–28. 7927:978-1-920942-27-4 7840:(in Vietnamese). 6927:Szalontai, p. 401 6715:, pp. 97–98. 6619:, pp. 43–53. 6329:978-1-138-69411-8 6299:on 6 October 2009 6265:Tucker, Spencer. 6252:Currey, Cecil B. 5998:, pp. 57–58. 5872:, pp. 23–24. 5708:Gisele Bousquet, 5668:"Maritime Sussex" 5335:978-3-319-89369-3 5234:Trần Quốc Vượng. 5205:on 7 January 2019 4926:[hòcǐmɨn] 4909:[hòcǐmīŋ] 4839:Explanatory notes 4668: 4667: 4660: 4225:Republic of China 4217:Classical Chinese 4174:massive offensive 4071:Mieczysław Maneli 4028:Nikita Khrushchev 4026:Ho Chi Minh with 4013:Hồ Chí Minh trail 3973:near Berlin, 1957 3830:Molotov cocktails 3775:Socialist leader 3552:Chinese Communist 3386:, studied at the 3361: 3360: 3329: 3328: 2668:Sino-Soviet split 2574:Spanish Civil War 2494:Guerrilla Warfare 2456:Theoretical works 2374:Władysław Gomułka 2354:Nicolae Ceaușescu 2304:Nikos Zachariadis 2224:Nikita Khrushchev 2204:Palmiro Togliatti 1974:Labor aristocracy 1952:Dialectical logic 1815:Congress of Tours 1800:Terence MacSwiney 1733:Nguyễn Thế Truyền 1661:New Zealand House 1649:Auguste Escoffier 1602:black nationalist 1459:Nguyễn Tất Thành. 1435:Nguyễn Sinh Khiêm 1417:which was then a 1326:guerrilla warfare 1324:region and began 1310:August Revolution 1189: 1188: 937:Geneva Conference 886:Ho Chi Minh trail 834:August Revolution 765: 764: 730: 729: 710: 591:Nguyễn Sinh Khiêm 145:General Secretary 17325: 17070: 17069: 17068: 17058: 17057: 17056: 17046: 17045: 17034: 17033: 17032: 17022: 17021: 17010: 17009: 16998: 16997: 16996: 16989: 16974: 16967: 16960: 16953: 16946: 16939: 16932: 16925: 16918: 16911: 16904: 16897: 16890: 16883: 16872: 16865: 16858: 16851: 16844: 16837: 16819: 16812: 16805: 16794: 16787: 16785:William Shockley 16780: 16773: 16766: 16759: 16752: 16745: 16738: 16731: 16724: 16717: 16710: 16708:Philo Farnsworth 16703: 16696: 16689: 16682: 16664: 16657: 16650: 16643: 16636: 16629: 16622: 16615: 16608: 16601: 16594: 16587: 16580: 16573: 16566: 16559: 16552: 16545: 16538: 16531: 16513: 16506: 16499: 16497:Steven Spielberg 16492: 16485: 16478: 16471: 16464: 16457: 16450: 16443: 16436: 16429: 16422: 16415: 16408: 16401: 16394: 16387: 16380: 16362: 16355: 16348: 16341: 16334: 16327: 16320: 16313: 16306: 16299: 16292: 16285: 16278: 16271: 16264: 16257: 16250: 16243: 16236: 16229: 16227:David Ben-Gurion 16202: 16195: 16188: 16179: 16178: 16149:Bình Ngô đại cáo 16118: 16111: 16104: 16095: 16094: 15933:Nguyễn Phú Trọng 15890: 15858:Marxism–Leninism 15853:Anti-revisionism 15848:Anti-imperialism 15827: 15820: 15813: 15804: 15803: 15545:David S. Painter 15470:John Earl Haynes 15400:Nicholas J. Cull 15385:Adrian Cioroianu 15365:Thomas A. Bailey 15312:Voice of America 15203: 15202: 15115:White separatism 15095:Social democracy 15090:Guided democracy 15070:Authoritarianism 15020:Ultranationalism 15010:Anti-imperialism 14937:Marxism–Leninism 14850: 14849: 14837:Kinmen Agreement 14802:Johnson Doctrine 14787:Kennedy Doctrine 14703:Frozen conflicts 14686:1991 August Coup 14575:Afghan Civil War 14470:Reykjavík Summit 14465:Somali Rebellion 14405:Ugandan Bush War 14383:Gdańsk Agreement 13904:Protests of 1968 13884:War of Attrition 13593:Cuban Revolution 13529:We will bury you 13496:Cyprus Emergency 13476:Kashmir Princess 13466:Jebel Akhdar War 13315:Western betrayal 13000: 12993: 12986: 12977: 12976: 12963: 12962: 12951: 12950: 12949: 12854:Internationalism 12844:Communitarianism 12208:Communist League 12111:Common ownership 12080:World revolution 12030:Free association 11954: 11947: 11940: 11931: 11930: 11909:Marxism–Leninism 11859: 11858: 11856: 11744: 11743: 11423: 11422: 11414: 11413: 11325: 11324: 11129:(Apr.–Jul. 2001) 11121:Nguyễn Phú Trọng 11081:(June–Dec. 1986) 11055:Nguyễn Duy Trinh 11047:Permanent Member 11030:Nguyễn Phú Trọng 11002:(Jul.–Dec. 1986) 10946: 10945: 10941: 10932: 10931: 10930: 10924: 10920: 10919: 10918: 10908: 10901: 10894: 10885: 10884: 10857:Nguyễn Xuân Phúc 10767:Huỳnh Thúc Kháng 10727:Trần Thiện Khiêm 10702:Nguyễn Xuân Oánh 10687:Nguyễn Xuân Oánh 10626:Nguyễn Phan Long 10604:State of Vietnam 10562:Nguyễn Văn Thinh 10508: 10507: 10506: 10496: 10489: 10482: 10473: 10472: 10422:Nguyễn Xuân Phúc 10416:Nguyễn Phú Trọng 10370:Council of State 10360:Council of State 10288:Nguyễn Văn Thiệu 10212:State of Vietnam 10198:Huỳnh Thúc Kháng 10139: 10138: 10137: 10127: 10120: 10113: 10104: 10103: 10095: 10057:Nguyễn Trọng Hợp 9993:Governor-General 9988:French Indochina 9876:Nguyễn Thần Hiến 9861:Huỳnh Thúc Kháng 9748:Uprising Leaders 9593:Bãi Sậy uprising 9546: 9539: 9532: 9523: 9522: 9494:Preceded by 9471:Preceded by 9438: 9432:Preceded by 9404: 9398:Preceded by 9390: 9389: 9349:100: Hồ Chí Minh 9329:Internet Archive 9303:No More Vietnams 9295:. Little, Brown. 9211: 9199: 9190: 9181: 9167: 9155: 9143: 9124: 9117:Fall, Bernard B. 9070: 9051: 9026: 9001: 8992: 8971: 8947: 8938: 8901: 8876: 8874: 8872: 8857: 8838: 8836: 8834: 8810: 8789: 8787: 8785: 8761: 8740: 8729:. Random House. 8719: 8717: 8715: 8691: 8667: 8643: 8622: 8603: 8584: 8575: 8556: 8535: 8514: 8512: 8510: 8501:. Archived from 8481: 8461: 8448: 8427: 8406: 8375: 8370: 8364: 8363: 8361: 8359: 8344: 8338: 8337: 8335: 8333: 8318: 8312: 8311: 8309: 8307: 8302: 8294: 8288: 8287: 8276: 8270: 8269: 8267: 8265: 8256:. Archived from 8245: 8239: 8238: 8235:content.time.com 8227: 8221: 8220: 8213: 8207: 8206: 8195: 8189: 8188: 8186: 8184: 8160: 8154: 8141: 8135: 8129: 8123: 8122: 8120: 8118: 8113:. 15 August 2002 8103: 8094: 8093: 8091: 8089: 8074: 8068: 8067: 8065: 8063: 8047: 8041: 8034: 8028: 8012: 8006: 7995: 7989: 7988:McDowell, p. 133 7986: 7980: 7974: 7968: 7967:, 19(2):161–264. 7961: 7955: 7954: 7952: 7950: 7944: 7938:. Archived from 7915: 7904: 7898: 7891: 7885: 7879: 7873: 7864: 7858: 7857: 7855: 7853: 7834:"Đền Thờ Bác Hồ" 7830: 7824: 7823: 7821: 7819: 7799: 7793: 7785: 7779: 7778: 7768: 7762: 7752: 7746: 7740: 7734: 7728: 7719: 7713: 7707: 7701: 7695: 7677: 7671: 7657: 7651: 7645: 7636: 7630: 7624: 7623: 7621: 7619: 7604: 7598: 7597: 7595: 7593: 7578: 7572: 7568:Pavel Antokolsky 7542:by Aileen Palmer 7540:Older version – 7513: 7489: 7483: 7482: 7470: 7464: 7458: 7445: 7439: 7433: 7427: 7421: 7415: 7409: 7403: 7394: 7388: 7382: 7376: 7370: 7364: 7353: 7347: 7336: 7330: 7324: 7323: 7321: 7319: 7310:. Archived from 7298: 7292: 7285: 7279: 7273: 7264: 7258: 7249: 7248: 7237: 7231: 7224: 7218: 7212: 7206: 7200: 7194: 7188: 7182: 7176: 7170: 7164: 7158: 7152: 7146: 7140: 7134: 7128: 7122: 7116: 7110: 7104: 7098: 7092: 7079: 7073: 7067: 7061: 7055: 7049: 7038: 7032: 7026: 7020: 7014: 7008: 7002: 6996: 6990: 6987: 6981: 6975: 6969: 6968: 6966: 6964: 6954: 6945: 6939: 6928: 6925: 6919: 6918: 6911: 6905: 6902: 6893: 6887: 6881: 6880: 6878: 6876: 6849:Cold War History 6845: 6836: 6830: 6829: 6823: 6821: 6805: 6799: 6798: 6758: 6752: 6746: 6740: 6734: 6728: 6722: 6716: 6710: 6704: 6698: 6692: 6686: 6680: 6674: 6668: 6662: 6656: 6650: 6644: 6638: 6632: 6626: 6620: 6614: 6608: 6605: 6599: 6593: 6587: 6581: 6575: 6572: 6566: 6563: 6557: 6554: 6548: 6542: 6536: 6535: 6533: 6531: 6517: 6511: 6510: 6499: 6493: 6486: 6480: 6473: 6467: 6460: 6454: 6448: 6442: 6441: 6433: 6427: 6421: 6415: 6414: 6412: 6410: 6405:on 13 March 2016 6395: 6389: 6388: 6377: 6371: 6365: 6359: 6358: 6356: 6354: 6340: 6334: 6333: 6315: 6309: 6308: 6306: 6304: 6289: 6283: 6276: 6270: 6263: 6257: 6250: 6244: 6243: 6241: 6239: 6224: 6215: 6214: 6212: 6210: 6199: 6190: 6184: 6178: 6177: 6175: 6173: 6162: 6156: 6150: 6144: 6139: 6133: 6127: 6121: 6115: 6109: 6100: 6094: 6093: 6091: 6089: 6074: 6068: 6062: 6056: 6055: 6050:Hong Ha (2010). 6047: 6041: 6035: 6029: 6028: 6026: 6024: 6015:. Archived from 6005: 5999: 5993: 5987: 5981: 5972: 5971: 5964: 5953: 5947: 5941: 5923: 5914: 5908: 5891: 5890: 5879: 5873: 5867: 5861: 5855: 5849: 5848: 5837: 5831: 5830: 5828: 5826: 5811: 5805: 5794: 5788: 5787: 5785: 5783: 5766:Tran Dan, Tien. 5763: 5757: 5750: 5744: 5743: 5741: 5739: 5730:. Archived from 5719: 5713: 5706: 5700: 5694: 5688: 5687: 5685: 5683: 5674:. Archived from 5666:Harries, David. 5663: 5657: 5656: 5648: 5642: 5639:Quinn-Judge 2002 5636: 5630: 5629: 5627: 5625: 5614: 5608: 5602: 5596: 5595: 5575: 5569: 5566:Quinn-Judge 2002 5563: 5550: 5544: 5538: 5537: 5530: 5524: 5518: 5509: 5505: 5499: 5496: 5490: 5484: 5478: 5472: 5466: 5460: 5454: 5447: 5416: 5415: 5401: 5395: 5394: 5392: 5390: 5372: 5366: 5365: 5363: 5361: 5346: 5340: 5339: 5317: 5311: 5310: 5308: 5306: 5291: 5282: 5281: 5279: 5277: 5268:. Archived from 5266:Hợp Lưu Magazine 5257: 5248: 5247: 5245: 5243: 5238:. BBC Vietnamese 5231: 5222: 5220: 5214: 5212: 5210: 5199:Hợp Lưu Magazine 5190: 5184: 5183: 5170: 5153: 5150: 5144: 5141: 5135: 5132: 5126: 5123: 5117: 5107: 5099: 5091: 5085: 5082: 5074: 5066: 5064:Nguyễn Tất Thành 5058: 5052: 5050: 5044: 5038: 5027: 5021: 5019: 5018: 5014: 5013: 5007: 4996: 4995: 4994: 4989: 4988: 4981: 4975: 4974: 4973: 4972: 4966: 4961: 4957: 4951: 4950: 4949: 4944: 4943: 4936: 4930: 4928: 4923: 4919: 4918: 4917: 4911: 4906: 4900: 4896: 4891: 4890: 4887: 4886: 4883: 4880: 4877: 4873: 4872: 4869: 4865: 4864: 4861: 4858: 4849: 4731:Saint Petersburg 4663: 4656: 4652: 4649: 4643: 4616: 4615: 4608: 4501:Hồ Chí Minh City 4404: 4398: 4347:Independence Day 4161:Nguyễn Chí Thanh 4104:J. Blair Seaborn 4036:Soong Ching-ling 3934:Jawaharlal Nehru 3908:adviser Colonel 3696: 3663:David Ben-Gurion 3656:Atlantic Charter 3639:Archimedes Patti 3558:and traveled to 3537:Dmitry Manuilsky 3377: 3343: 3342: 3331: 3330: 3321: 3314: 3307: 3291: 3290: 3279: 3278: 3267: 3266: 3265: 3224:State capitalism 2648:De-Stalinization 2429:Gennady Zyuganov 2409:Rohana Wijeweera 2264:Klement Gottwald 2259:Valko Chervenkov 2244:Lazar Kaganovich 1920:Central planning 1915:Anti-revisionism 1910:Anti-imperialism 1892: 1882:Marxism–Leninism 1869: 1868: 1859:Dmitry Manuilsky 1839:Raymond Poincaré 1833:while in Paris. 1796:Irish republican 1741: 1705: 1704: 1526:Overseas sojourn 1516:Collège Quốc học 1508:Collège Quốc học 1475:Collège Quốc học 1385: 1384: 1375:Ho Chi Minh City 1339: 1338: 1314:the independence 1307: 1306: 1297: 1296: 1284:French Indochina 1276:Nghệ An province 1273: 1272: 1252:Marxist–Leninist 1226:), and by other 1225: 1215: 1204: 1203: 1202:Nguyễn Sinh Cung 1196: 1195: 1181: 1174: 1167: 1156: 1150: 1124:The Prison Diary 1094:Ho Chi Minh City 1064:Marxism–Leninism 973:Invasion of Laos 792:Overseas sojourn 761: 760: 758: 751: 743: 736: 735: 732: 731: 712: 711: 687: 639: 638: 629: 628: 608: 607: 600: 599: 594: 593: 584: 583: 582:Nguyễn Thị Thanh 578: 577: 559: 557: 553: 467: 464:2 September 1969 455:French Indochina 448: 447: 439: 437: 430: 429: 428:Nguyễn Sinh Cung 417:Personal details 406: 382: 381: 375: 368: 367: 366:Nguyễn Tường Tam 361: 352: 343: 342: 340:Nguyễn Tường Tam 334: 327: 324: 323: 315: 306: 290: 289: 281: 269: 268: 260: 251: 234: 233: 227: 220: 219: 213: 204: 183: 171: 147: 136: 120: 119: 111: 99: 98: 90: 81: 59: 56: 51: 41: 40: 28: 27: 17333: 17332: 17328: 17327: 17326: 17324: 17323: 17322: 17078: 17077: 17076: 17066: 17064: 17054: 17052: 17040: 17030: 17028: 17016: 17004: 16994: 16992: 16984: 16982: 16977: 16970: 16963: 16958:Andrei Sakharov 16956: 16951:Jackie Robinson 16949: 16942: 16935: 16928: 16921: 16914: 16907: 16900: 16893: 16886: 16875: 16868: 16861: 16854: 16847: 16840: 16833: 16822: 16817:Wright brothers 16815: 16808: 16797: 16790: 16783: 16776: 16769: 16762: 16755: 16748: 16741: 16734: 16727: 16720: 16713: 16706: 16701:Albert Einstein 16699: 16692: 16687:Tim Berners-Lee 16685: 16678: 16667: 16660: 16653: 16646: 16639: 16632: 16625: 16618: 16611: 16604: 16597: 16590: 16583: 16576: 16571:Amadeo Giannini 16569: 16562: 16555: 16548: 16541: 16534: 16527: 16516: 16509: 16504:Igor Stravinsky 16502: 16495: 16488: 16481: 16474: 16467: 16460: 16453: 16446: 16441:Aretha Franklin 16439: 16432: 16425: 16418: 16413:Charlie Chaplin 16411: 16404: 16397: 16390: 16383: 16378:Louis Armstrong 16376: 16365: 16358: 16351: 16344: 16339:Margaret Sanger 16337: 16330: 16323: 16316: 16309: 16302: 16295: 16288: 16281: 16274: 16267: 16260: 16253: 16246: 16239: 16232: 16225: 16214: 16206: 16176: 16171: 16137:Nam quốc sơn hà 16127: 16122: 16092: 16087: 16059: 15999: 15963: 15937: 15918:Nguyễn Văn Linh 15891: 15882: 15863:Social Morality 15836: 15831: 15801: 15796: 15773: 15764:Second Cold War 15722: 15650: 15644: 15620:Odd Arne Westad 15610:Patrick Vaughan 15595:Athan Theoharis 15575:Ellen Schrecker 15560:Yakov M. Rabkin 15535:Timothy Naftali 15480:Tvrtko Jakovina 15465:Jussi Hanhimäki 15348: 15326: 15316: 15294:Paix et Liberté 15269: 15213:Active measures 15194: 15124: 15105:White supremacy 15065:Totalitarianism 14993: 14918: 14841: 14827:Reagan Doctrine 14822:Carter Doctrine 14762:Truman Doctrine 14750: 14697: 14629: 14524:Soviet reaction 14435:Ndogboyosoi War 14342: 14313:Saur Revolution 14140:1973 oil crisis 14105:Munich massacre 14013:Alcora Exercise 14008:Black September 13986: 13732:Sino-Indian War 13626:Simba rebellion 13609: 13453:Capture of the 13361: 13300:Berlin Blockade 13233:May 1947 crises 13223:Truman Doctrine 13188:Greek Civil War 13177:Blacklist Forty 13144:Gouzenko Affair 13131:Cursed soldiers 13083:Morgenthau Plan 13071: 13009: 13004: 12974: 12969: 12957: 12947: 12945: 12937: 12812: 12781: 12739: 12661: 12283: 12232: 12194: 12130: 12101:Planned economy 12089: 12075:World communism 12050:Labour movement 12010:Communist state 12000:Communist party 11975:Anti-capitalism 11963: 11958: 11928: 11923: 11888: 11840: 11739: 11729: 11651: 11573: 11505: 11418: 11401: 11312: 11298:Judicial Reform 11288:Anti-corruption 11276: 11211: 11180: 11157:Trần Quốc Vượng 11139:Trương Tấn Sang 11079:Nguyễn Văn Linh 11041: 11006:Nguyễn Văn Linh 10939: 10933: 10928: 10926: 10922: 10916: 10914: 10912: 10882: 10877: 10865: 10862:Phạm Minh Chính 10852:Nguyễn Tấn Dũng 10800: 10775: 10740: 10677:Nguyễn Ngọc Thơ 10655: 10598: 10595:Nguyễn Văn Xuân 10588: 10580: 10572:Nguyễn Văn Xuân 10540: 10513: 10504: 10502: 10500: 10470: 10465: 10450: 10440:Võ Thị Ánh Xuân 10428:Võ Thị Ánh Xuân 10398:Trương Tấn Sang 10326: 10301: 10238: 10206: 10171: 10144: 10135: 10133: 10131: 10101: 10096: 10086:Wars in Vietnam 10082: 10076: 10035: 9966: 9930: 9921:Phan Văn Trường 9886:Nguyễn Thái Học 9834:Revolutionaries 9829: 9820:Đinh Công Tráng 9810:Tôn Thất Thuyết 9790:Phan Đình Phùng 9775:Nguyễn Hữu Huân 9743: 9677: 9568:Siege of Saigon 9556: 9550: 9516: 9507: 9499: 9489: 9482: 9474: 9461: 9452: 9437: 9427: 9418: 9403: 9312: 9285: 9245: 9232:Trương Như Tảng 9218: 9204:Tôn Thất, Thiện 9180:. Random House. 9172:Lacouture, Jean 9131: 9115: 9112: 9107: 9106: 9105: 9090: 9089: 9085: 9078: 9076:Further reading 9073: 9067: 9048: 9023: 8989: 8968: 8927: 8898: 8870: 8868: 8854: 8832: 8830: 8828: 8783: 8781: 8779: 8758: 8737: 8713: 8711: 8709: 8688: 8664: 8648:Karnow, Stanley 8640: 8619: 8600: 8572: 8553: 8532: 8508: 8506: 8499: 8445: 8424: 8403: 8384: 8379: 8378: 8371: 8367: 8357: 8355: 8346: 8345: 8341: 8331: 8329: 8319: 8315: 8305: 8303: 8300: 8296: 8295: 8291: 8278: 8277: 8273: 8263: 8261: 8260:on 9 March 2018 8246: 8242: 8229: 8228: 8224: 8215: 8214: 8210: 8197: 8196: 8192: 8182: 8180: 8171: 8168:Wayback Machine 8161: 8157: 8151:Wayback Machine 8142: 8138: 8130: 8126: 8116: 8114: 8105: 8104: 8097: 8087: 8085: 8075: 8071: 8061: 8059: 8048: 8044: 8035: 8031: 8025:Wayback Machine 8013: 8009: 7996: 7992: 7987: 7983: 7975: 7971: 7962: 7958: 7948: 7946: 7942: 7928: 7913: 7905: 7901: 7892: 7888: 7880: 7876: 7865: 7861: 7851: 7849: 7832: 7831: 7827: 7817: 7815: 7800: 7796: 7786: 7782: 7770: 7769: 7765: 7753: 7749: 7741: 7737: 7729: 7722: 7714: 7710: 7702: 7698: 7678: 7674: 7658: 7654: 7646: 7639: 7631: 7627: 7617: 7615: 7605: 7601: 7591: 7589: 7580: 7579: 7575: 7529:Wayback Machine 7507: 7490: 7486: 7471: 7467: 7459: 7448: 7440: 7436: 7428: 7424: 7416: 7412: 7404: 7397: 7389: 7385: 7377: 7373: 7365: 7356: 7348: 7339: 7331: 7327: 7317: 7315: 7300: 7299: 7295: 7289:China Quarterly 7286: 7282: 7274: 7267: 7259: 7252: 7239: 7238: 7234: 7225: 7221: 7213: 7209: 7201: 7197: 7189: 7185: 7177: 7173: 7165: 7161: 7153: 7149: 7141: 7137: 7129: 7125: 7117: 7113: 7105: 7101: 7093: 7082: 7074: 7070: 7062: 7058: 7050: 7041: 7033: 7029: 7021: 7017: 7009: 7005: 6997: 6993: 6988: 6984: 6976: 6972: 6962: 6960: 6956: 6955: 6948: 6940: 6931: 6926: 6922: 6913: 6912: 6908: 6903: 6896: 6888: 6884: 6874: 6872: 6843: 6837: 6833: 6819: 6817: 6806: 6802: 6779:10.2307/3024603 6759: 6755: 6747: 6743: 6735: 6731: 6723: 6719: 6711: 6707: 6699: 6695: 6687: 6683: 6675: 6671: 6663: 6659: 6651: 6647: 6639: 6635: 6627: 6623: 6615: 6611: 6606: 6602: 6594: 6590: 6582: 6578: 6573: 6569: 6564: 6560: 6555: 6551: 6543: 6539: 6529: 6527: 6519: 6518: 6514: 6504: 6500: 6496: 6487: 6483: 6475:Ngo Van (2000) 6474: 6470: 6461: 6457: 6449: 6445: 6435: 6434: 6430: 6422: 6418: 6408: 6406: 6397: 6396: 6392: 6379: 6378: 6374: 6366: 6362: 6352: 6350: 6342: 6341: 6337: 6330: 6316: 6312: 6302: 6300: 6291: 6290: 6286: 6277: 6273: 6269:(vol. 2), 1998 6264: 6260: 6251: 6247: 6237: 6235: 6226: 6225: 6218: 6208: 6206: 6201: 6200: 6193: 6185: 6181: 6171: 6169: 6164: 6163: 6159: 6151: 6147: 6140: 6136: 6128: 6124: 6116: 6112: 6101: 6097: 6087: 6085: 6076: 6075: 6071: 6063: 6059: 6048: 6044: 6036: 6032: 6022: 6020: 6013:u-s-history.com 6007: 6006: 6002: 5994: 5990: 5982: 5975: 5970:. 30 June 2013. 5966: 5965: 5956: 5948: 5944: 5932: 5924: 5917: 5909: 5894: 5881: 5880: 5876: 5868: 5864: 5856: 5852: 5839: 5838: 5834: 5824: 5822: 5812: 5808: 5795: 5791: 5781: 5779: 5778:on 17 June 2015 5764: 5760: 5751: 5747: 5737: 5735: 5720: 5716: 5707: 5703: 5695: 5691: 5681: 5679: 5664: 5660: 5649: 5645: 5637: 5633: 5623: 5621: 5616: 5615: 5611: 5603: 5599: 5592: 5576: 5572: 5564: 5553: 5545: 5541: 5532: 5531: 5527: 5519: 5512: 5506: 5502: 5497: 5493: 5485: 5481: 5473: 5469: 5461: 5457: 5448: 5419: 5402: 5398: 5388: 5386: 5381:The OpenLab at 5373: 5369: 5359: 5357: 5348: 5347: 5343: 5336: 5318: 5314: 5304: 5302: 5292: 5285: 5275: 5273: 5258: 5251: 5241: 5239: 5232: 5225: 5208: 5206: 5191: 5187: 5172: 5171: 5167: 5162: 5157: 5156: 5151: 5147: 5142: 5138: 5133: 5129: 5124: 5120: 5092: 5088: 5059: 5055: 5045: 5041: 5033:. In 1989, the 5028: 5024: 5008: 4999: 4982: 4978: 4968: 4967: 4959: 4958: 4954: 4937: 4933: 4921: 4913: 4912: 4904: 4898: 4894: 4874: 4866: 4855: 4851: 4850: 4846: 4841: 4819: 4763: 4664: 4653: 4647: 4644: 4637: 4627:which does not 4617: 4613: 4606: 4559:Phạm Minh Chính 4553:U.S. President 4539:Nguyễn Sinh Sắc 4490:Vietnamese flag 4459:Georgy Malenkov 4422: 4392: 4331: 4190: 4142:Chester Ronning 4095:Robert McNamara 3993: 3987: 3910:Edward Lansdale 3902:one-party state 3889: 3709: 3703: 3690: 3684:Nguyễn Hải Thần 3652:Harry S. Truman 3614:Sino-Vietnamese 3588: 3533:Lenin Institute 3452:Chiang Kai-shek 3423:Mikhail Borodin 3371: 3340: 3334:External videos 3325: 3285: 3273: 3263: 3261: 3254: 3253: 3249:Totalitarianism 3229:State socialism 3159: 3136: 3128: 3127: 3103: 3095: 3094: 3000: 2992: 2991: 2731: 2723: 2722: 2591:Greek Civil War 2522: 2514: 2513: 2473: 2457: 2449: 2448: 2389:Mathieu Kérékou 2289:Leonid Brezhnev 2254:Bolesław Bierut 2249:Georgi Dimitrov 2234:Josip Broz Tito 2229:Walter Ulbricht 2159: 2151: 2150: 2091: 2083: 2082: 1984:One-party state 1969:under socialism 1968: 1900: 1867: 1841:to outlaw such 1735: 1725:Phan Văn Trường 1721:Phan Châu Trinh 1685: 1665:High Commission 1617: 1569: 1561:Colonial School 1533: 1528: 1423:Nguyễn Sinh Sắc 1415:Central Vietnam 1395: 1380:The details of 1332:in 1954 at the 1185: 1151: 1144: 1085: 1048: 843: 803: 777: 770: 756: 754: 753: 752: 749: 747: 722: 721: 720: 719: 718: 716: 713: 703: 700: 675: 643: 626:Nguyễn Sinh Sắc 612: 606:Nguyễn Sinh Xin 561: 558: 1931) 549: 545: 542: 540:Tăng Tuyết Minh 529: 504: 503:Other political 492:Political party 469: 465: 441: 435: 433: 432: 431: 407: 402: 380:Hoàng Minh Giám 373: 359: 353: 348: 332: 325: 321:Trần Văn Chương 313: 307: 302: 279: 258: 252: 247: 225: 211: 205: 200: 181: 169: 164: 143: 137: 132: 109: 88: 82: 77: 60: 57: 42: 35: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 17331: 17321: 17320: 17315: 17310: 17305: 17300: 17295: 17290: 17285: 17280: 17275: 17270: 17265: 17260: 17255: 17250: 17245: 17240: 17235: 17230: 17225: 17220: 17215: 17210: 17205: 17200: 17195: 17190: 17185: 17180: 17175: 17170: 17165: 17160: 17155: 17150: 17145: 17140: 17135: 17130: 17125: 17120: 17115: 17110: 17105: 17100: 17095: 17090: 17075: 17074: 17062: 17050: 17038: 17026: 17014: 17002: 16979: 16978: 16976: 16975: 16968: 16961: 16954: 16947: 16940: 16933: 16926: 16923:Marilyn Monroe 16919: 16912: 16905: 16898: 16895:Kennedy family 16891: 16884: 16881:Tenzing Norgay 16877:Edmund Hillary 16873: 16866: 16859: 16852: 16845: 16838: 16830: 16828: 16824: 16823: 16821: 16820: 16813: 16806: 16795: 16788: 16781: 16774: 16767: 16760: 16753: 16746: 16739: 16732: 16725: 16718: 16711: 16704: 16697: 16690: 16683: 16675: 16673: 16669: 16668: 16666: 16665: 16658: 16651: 16644: 16637: 16630: 16627:Walter Reuther 16623: 16616: 16609: 16606:Louis B. Mayer 16602: 16595: 16592:William Levitt 16588: 16581: 16574: 16567: 16560: 16553: 16546: 16543:Willis Carrier 16539: 16532: 16524: 16522: 16518: 16517: 16515: 16514: 16507: 16500: 16493: 16486: 16479: 16472: 16465: 16458: 16451: 16444: 16437: 16430: 16423: 16416: 16409: 16402: 16395: 16388: 16381: 16373: 16371: 16367: 16366: 16364: 16363: 16356: 16349: 16342: 16335: 16328: 16321: 16314: 16307: 16300: 16297:Nelson Mandela 16293: 16290:Vladimir Lenin 16286: 16279: 16272: 16265: 16258: 16251: 16244: 16241:Mahatma Gandhi 16237: 16230: 16222: 16220: 16216: 16215: 16205: 16204: 16197: 16190: 16182: 16173: 16172: 16170: 16169: 16157: 16145: 16142:Lý Thường Kiệt 16132: 16129: 16128: 16121: 16120: 16113: 16106: 16098: 16089: 16088: 16086: 16085: 16080: 16075: 16070: 16064: 16061: 16060: 16058: 16057: 16056: 16055: 16050: 16040: 16035: 16034: 16033: 16028: 16023: 16013: 16007: 16005: 16004:Related topics 16001: 16000: 15998: 15997: 15992: 15987: 15982: 15977: 15971: 15969: 15965: 15964: 15962: 15961: 15956: 15951: 15945: 15943: 15939: 15938: 15936: 15935: 15930: 15925: 15920: 15915: 15910: 15908:Võ Nguyên Giáp 15905: 15899: 15897: 15893: 15892: 15885: 15883: 15881: 15880: 15875: 15873:Self-criticism 15870: 15865: 15860: 15855: 15850: 15844: 15842: 15841:Basic concepts 15838: 15837: 15830: 15829: 15822: 15815: 15807: 15798: 15797: 15795: 15794: 15789: 15784: 15778: 15775: 15774: 15772: 15771: 15766: 15761: 15756: 15751: 15746: 15741: 15736: 15730: 15728: 15724: 15723: 15721: 15720: 15715: 15710: 15705: 15700: 15695: 15690: 15685: 15680: 15675: 15670: 15665: 15660: 15654: 15652: 15646: 15645: 15643: 15642: 15637: 15632: 15627: 15622: 15617: 15612: 15607: 15602: 15597: 15592: 15590:Timothy Snyder 15587: 15582: 15577: 15572: 15567: 15562: 15557: 15552: 15547: 15542: 15537: 15532: 15527: 15522: 15520:Vojtech Mastny 15517: 15515:Geir Lundestad 15512: 15507: 15505:Walter Laqueur 15502: 15500:Walter LaFeber 15497: 15492: 15487: 15482: 15477: 15472: 15467: 15462: 15457: 15452: 15447: 15442: 15437: 15432: 15430:André Fontaine 15427: 15422: 15417: 15412: 15407: 15402: 15397: 15392: 15387: 15382: 15377: 15372: 15367: 15362: 15360:Gar Alperovitz 15356: 15354: 15350: 15349: 15347: 15346: 15341: 15336: 15330: 15328: 15322: 15321: 15318: 15317: 15315: 15314: 15309: 15303: 15302: 15297: 15290: 15285: 15277: 15275: 15271: 15270: 15268: 15267: 15260: 15255: 15248: 15241: 15236: 15229: 15222: 15215: 15209: 15207: 15200: 15196: 15195: 15193: 15192: 15187: 15182: 15177: 15172: 15167: 15162: 15157: 15152: 15147: 15142: 15136: 15134: 15130: 15129: 15126: 15125: 15123: 15122: 15117: 15112: 15107: 15102: 15100:Third-Worldism 15097: 15092: 15087: 15082: 15077: 15072: 15067: 15062: 15057: 15052: 15047: 15042: 15037: 15032: 15027: 15022: 15017: 15012: 15007: 15001: 14999: 14995: 14994: 14992: 14991: 14986: 14981: 14976: 14971: 14966: 14959: 14954: 14949: 14944: 14939: 14934: 14928: 14926: 14920: 14919: 14917: 14916: 14911: 14906: 14901: 14896: 14891: 14889:Libertarianism 14886: 14881: 14880: 14879: 14869: 14867:Chicago school 14864: 14858: 14856: 14847: 14843: 14842: 14840: 14839: 14834: 14829: 14824: 14819: 14814: 14812:Nixon Doctrine 14809: 14804: 14799: 14794: 14789: 14784: 14779: 14774: 14769: 14764: 14758: 14756: 14755:Foreign policy 14752: 14751: 14749: 14748: 14743: 14738: 14733: 14728: 14723: 14718: 14713: 14707: 14705: 14699: 14698: 14696: 14695: 14690: 14689: 14688: 14678: 14673: 14668: 14663: 14658: 14653: 14648: 14643: 14637: 14635: 14631: 14630: 14628: 14627: 14622: 14617: 14612: 14607: 14602: 14597: 14592: 14587: 14582: 14577: 14572: 14567: 14562: 14557: 14552: 14547: 14542: 14540:Operation RYAN 14537: 14532: 14527: 14517: 14512: 14507: 14502: 14497: 14492: 14487: 14482: 14477: 14472: 14467: 14462: 14457: 14452: 14447: 14445:Able Archer 83 14442: 14437: 14432: 14427: 14422: 14417: 14412: 14407: 14402: 14397: 14392: 14391: 14390: 14380: 14375: 14370: 14361: 14356: 14350: 14348: 14344: 14343: 14341: 14340: 14335: 14330: 14325: 14320: 14315: 14310: 14305: 14300: 14295: 14290: 14285: 14280: 14275: 14270: 14265: 14260: 14255: 14250: 14242: 14237: 14232: 14227: 14222: 14217: 14212: 14207: 14202: 14197: 14195:Oromo conflict 14192: 14187: 14182: 14177: 14172: 14167: 14162: 14157: 14152: 14147: 14142: 14137: 14135:Yom Kippur War 14132: 14127: 14122: 14117: 14112: 14107: 14102: 14097: 14092: 14087: 14082: 14077: 14072: 14067: 14062: 14057: 14052: 14045: 14040: 14035: 14030: 14025: 14020: 14015: 14010: 14005: 14000: 13994: 13992: 13988: 13987: 13985: 13984: 13979: 13974: 13969: 13964: 13959: 13958: 13957: 13947: 13942: 13937: 13932: 13927: 13918: 13913: 13912: 13911: 13901: 13896: 13891: 13886: 13881: 13876: 13871: 13866: 13861: 13856: 13851: 13846: 13841: 13836: 13831: 13826: 13821: 13816: 13811: 13806: 13801: 13796: 13791: 13790: 13789: 13779: 13774: 13769: 13767:Aden Emergency 13764: 13759: 13754: 13749: 13744: 13739: 13734: 13729: 13724: 13719: 13718: 13717: 13712: 13707: 13697: 13692: 13687: 13685:Papua conflict 13682: 13677: 13672: 13667: 13666: 13665: 13655: 13654: 13653: 13643: 13638: 13633: 13628: 13623: 13617: 13615: 13611: 13610: 13608: 13607: 13602: 13601: 13600: 13590: 13588:Kitchen Debate 13585: 13580: 13575: 13570: 13565: 13560: 13555: 13550: 13548:Sputnik crisis 13545: 13540: 13532: 13525: 13520: 13518:Polish October 13515: 13510: 13505: 13498: 13493: 13488: 13483: 13478: 13473: 13468: 13463: 13458: 13450: 13445: 13440: 13435: 13430: 13425: 13420: 13418:Pact of Madrid 13415: 13410: 13405: 13400: 13395: 13390: 13385: 13380: 13375: 13373:Bamboo Curtain 13369: 13367: 13363: 13362: 13360: 13359: 13354: 13349: 13344: 13343: 13342: 13332: 13327: 13322: 13317: 13312: 13307: 13302: 13297: 13292: 13287: 13282: 13277: 13272: 13267: 13266: 13265: 13260: 13255: 13245: 13240: 13235: 13230: 13225: 13220: 13215: 13210: 13205: 13200: 13195: 13190: 13185: 13180: 13172: 13164: 13156: 13151: 13146: 13141: 13133: 13128: 13127: 13126: 13121: 13113: 13100: 13095: 13090: 13085: 13079: 13077: 13073: 13072: 13070: 13069: 13064: 13059: 13054: 13049: 13044: 13039: 13034: 13029: 13022: 13014: 13011: 13010: 13003: 13002: 12995: 12988: 12980: 12971: 12970: 12968: 12967: 12955: 12942: 12939: 12938: 12936: 12935: 12930: 12925: 12920: 12915: 12910: 12905: 12900: 12899: 12898: 12888: 12883: 12878: 12877: 12876: 12871: 12861: 12856: 12851: 12846: 12841: 12836: 12831: 12826: 12820: 12818: 12817:Related topics 12814: 12813: 12811: 12810: 12805: 12800: 12795: 12793:Anti-communism 12789: 12787: 12783: 12782: 12780: 12779: 12772: 12765: 12760: 12755: 12749: 12747: 12741: 12740: 12738: 12737: 12732: 12727: 12722: 12717: 12712: 12707: 12702: 12697: 12696: 12695: 12685: 12680: 12675: 12669: 12667: 12663: 12662: 12660: 12659: 12654: 12649: 12644: 12639: 12634: 12629: 12624: 12619: 12614: 12609: 12604: 12599: 12594: 12589: 12584: 12579: 12574: 12569: 12564: 12559: 12554: 12549: 12544: 12539: 12534: 12529: 12524: 12519: 12514: 12509: 12504: 12499: 12494: 12489: 12484: 12479: 12474: 12469: 12464: 12459: 12454: 12449: 12444: 12439: 12434: 12429: 12424: 12419: 12414: 12409: 12404: 12399: 12394: 12389: 12384: 12379: 12374: 12369: 12364: 12359: 12354: 12349: 12344: 12339: 12334: 12329: 12324: 12319: 12314: 12309: 12304: 12299: 12293: 12291: 12285: 12284: 12282: 12281: 12276: 12271: 12266: 12261: 12256: 12251: 12246: 12240: 12238: 12234: 12233: 12231: 12230: 12225: 12220: 12215: 12210: 12204: 12202: 12196: 12195: 12193: 12192: 12191: 12190: 12180: 12175: 12174: 12173: 12163: 12162: 12161: 12156: 12146: 12140: 12138: 12132: 12131: 12129: 12128: 12123: 12118: 12113: 12108: 12103: 12097: 12095: 12091: 12090: 12088: 12087: 12082: 12077: 12072: 12067: 12062: 12057: 12052: 12047: 12042: 12037: 12032: 12027: 12022: 12017: 12012: 12007: 12002: 11997: 11992: 11987: 11982: 11980:Class conflict 11977: 11971: 11969: 11965: 11964: 11957: 11956: 11949: 11942: 11934: 11925: 11924: 11922: 11921: 11916: 11911: 11906: 11900: 11898: 11894: 11893: 11890: 11889: 11887: 11886: 11881: 11876: 11871: 11865: 11863: 11854: 11850: 11849: 11846: 11845: 11842: 11841: 11839: 11838: 11833: 11827: 11822: 11813: 11808: 11803: 11798: 11793: 11788: 11783: 11778: 11773: 11768: 11763: 11758: 11752: 11750: 11741: 11735: 11734: 11731: 11730: 11728: 11727: 11722: 11717: 11712: 11707: 11702: 11697: 11692: 11687: 11682: 11677: 11672: 11667: 11661: 11659: 11653: 11652: 11650: 11649: 11644: 11639: 11634: 11629: 11624: 11619: 11614: 11609: 11604: 11599: 11594: 11589: 11583: 11581: 11575: 11574: 11572: 11571: 11566: 11561: 11556: 11551: 11546: 11541: 11536: 11531: 11526: 11521: 11515: 11513: 11507: 11506: 11504: 11503: 11498: 11493: 11488: 11483: 11478: 11469:8th: 1996–01 ( 11467: 11462: 11457: 11452: 11447: 11442: 11437: 11431: 11429: 11420: 11417:Elected by the 11411: 11407: 11406: 11403: 11402: 11400: 11399: 11394: 11389: 11384: 11379: 11374: 11369: 11364: 11359: 11354: 11349: 11344: 11339: 11333: 11331: 11322: 11318: 11317: 11314: 11313: 11311: 11310: 11305: 11300: 11295: 11290: 11284: 11282: 11278: 11277: 11275: 11274: 11267: 11260: 11255: 11250: 11245: 11240: 11235: 11230: 11228:Central Office 11225: 11219: 11217: 11213: 11212: 11210: 11209: 11204: 11199: 11194: 11188: 11186: 11182: 11181: 11179: 11178: 11177:(2024–present) 11172: 11169:Trương Thị Mai 11166: 11160: 11154: 11151:Đinh Thế Huynh 11148: 11142: 11136: 11130: 11127:Trần Đình Hoan 11124: 11118: 11115:Phạm Thế Duyệt 11112: 11106: 11100: 11094: 11088: 11082: 11076: 11070: 11064: 11058: 11051: 11049: 11043: 11042: 11040: 11039: 11038:(2024–present) 11033: 11027: 11021: 11015: 11009: 11003: 10997: 10991: 10985: 10979: 10973: 10967: 10961: 10954: 10952: 10943: 10935: 10934: 10911: 10910: 10903: 10896: 10888: 10879: 10878: 10876: 10873: 10870: 10867: 10866: 10864: 10859: 10854: 10849: 10844: 10839: 10834: 10829: 10824: 10811: 10809: 10808:(1976–present) 10802: 10801: 10799: 10797:Huỳnh Tấn Phát 10786: 10784: 10777: 10776: 10774: 10769: 10764: 10751: 10749: 10742: 10741: 10739: 10734: 10729: 10724: 10722:Trần Văn Hương 10719: 10717:Nguyễn Văn Lộc 10714: 10709: 10704: 10699: 10697:Trần Văn Hương 10694: 10689: 10684: 10679: 10666: 10664: 10657: 10656: 10654: 10653: 10648: 10643: 10638: 10636:Nguyễn Văn Tâm 10633: 10628: 10623: 10609: 10607: 10600: 10599: 10597: 10592: 10590: 10582: 10581: 10579: 10574: 10569: 10564: 10551: 10549: 10542: 10541: 10539: 10538: 10536:Trần Trọng Kim 10524: 10522: 10515: 10514: 10499: 10498: 10491: 10484: 10476: 10467: 10466: 10464: 10461: 10458: 10455: 10452: 10451: 10449: 10448:(2024-present) 10443: 10437: 10431: 10425: 10419: 10413: 10407: 10404:Trần Đại Quang 10401: 10395: 10389: 10386:Trần Đức Lương 10383: 10377: 10367: 10357: 10354:Nguyễn Hữu Thọ 10351: 10337: 10335: 10334:(1976–present) 10328: 10327: 10325: 10323:Nguyễn Hữu Thọ 10312: 10310: 10303: 10302: 10300: 10298:Dương Văn Minh 10295: 10293:Trần Văn Hương 10290: 10285: 10280: 10278:Dương Văn Minh 10275: 10272: 10267: 10265:Dương Văn Minh 10262: 10249: 10247: 10240: 10239: 10237: 10236: 10231: 10217: 10215: 10208: 10207: 10205: 10200: 10195: 10182: 10180: 10173: 10172: 10170: 10169: 10155: 10153: 10146: 10145: 10130: 10129: 10122: 10115: 10107: 10098: 10097: 10094: 10093: 10088: 10081: 10078: 10077: 10075: 10074: 10069: 10064: 10062:Huỳnh Công Tấn 10059: 10054: 10049: 10047:Hoàng Cao Khải 10043: 10041: 10037: 10036: 10034: 10033: 10032: 10031: 10021: 10020: 10019: 10009: 10008: 10007: 9997: 9996: 9995: 9985: 9980: 9978:Albert Sarraut 9974: 9972: 9968: 9967: 9965: 9964: 9959: 9954: 9949: 9944: 9938: 9936: 9932: 9931: 9929: 9928: 9923: 9918: 9916:Phan Chu Trinh 9913: 9908: 9903: 9898: 9896:Nguyễn An Ninh 9893: 9888: 9883: 9878: 9873: 9868: 9863: 9858: 9853: 9848: 9843: 9837: 9835: 9831: 9830: 9828: 9827: 9822: 9817: 9812: 9807: 9802: 9800:Hoàng Hoa Thám 9797: 9792: 9787: 9785:Nguyễn Xuân Ôn 9782: 9780:Phan Xích Long 9777: 9772: 9767: 9762: 9757: 9751: 9749: 9745: 9744: 9742: 9741: 9736: 9731: 9726: 9721: 9716: 9711: 9709:Nguyễn dynasty 9706: 9701: 9696: 9691: 9685: 9683: 9679: 9678: 9676: 9675: 9670: 9665: 9660: 9655: 9650: 9645: 9640: 9635: 9630: 9628:Yên Bái mutiny 9625: 9620: 9615: 9610: 9605: 9600: 9595: 9590: 9585: 9580: 9575: 9570: 9564: 9562: 9558: 9557: 9549: 9548: 9541: 9534: 9526: 9518: 9517: 9512: 9509: 9500: 9495: 9491: 9490: 9487: 9484: 9475: 9472: 9468: 9467: 9463: 9462: 9457: 9454: 9445: 9435:Trần Trọng Kim 9433: 9429: 9428: 9423: 9420: 9411: 9399: 9395: 9394: 9388: 9387: 9382: 9377: 9368: 9362: 9352: 9343: 9331: 9322: 9311: 9310:External links 9308: 9307: 9306: 9296: 9284: 9281: 9280: 9279: 9272: 9265: 9258: 9244: 9243:War in Vietnam 9241: 9240: 9239: 9229: 9217: 9214: 9213: 9212: 9200: 9191: 9182: 9168: 9159: 9156: 9144: 9130: 9127: 9126: 9125: 9119:, ed. (1967). 9111: 9108: 9104: 9103: 9098: 9092: 9091: 9080: 9079: 9077: 9074: 9072: 9071: 9065: 9052: 9047:978-1139489010 9046: 9027: 9022:978-0801472732 9021: 9002: 8993: 8988:978-1857289220 8987: 8972: 8967:978-9810021399 8966: 8952:Tôn Thất Thiện 8948: 8939: 8926:978-1400860586 8925: 8902: 8897:978-0520235335 8896: 8877: 8858: 8853:978-0807882696 8852: 8839: 8826: 8811: 8790: 8777: 8762: 8757:978-0520954977 8756: 8741: 8735: 8720: 8707: 8692: 8687:978-0743212441 8686: 8672:Langguth, A.J. 8668: 8663:978-0712600101 8662: 8644: 8639:978-0742573956 8638: 8623: 8617: 8604: 8598: 8585: 8576: 8570: 8557: 8552:978-0805203295 8551: 8536: 8531:978-1401305611 8530: 8515: 8505:on 13 May 2021 8498:978-0786887019 8497: 8482: 8462: 8449: 8444:978-0253338549 8443: 8428: 8422: 8407: 8401: 8385: 8383: 8380: 8377: 8376: 8365: 8339: 8313: 8289: 8284:www.c-span.org 8271: 8240: 8222: 8208: 8190: 8155: 8136: 8124: 8095: 8069: 8042: 8029: 8007: 7990: 7981: 7969: 7956: 7936:j.ctt2jbjds.12 7926: 7899: 7886: 7874: 7859: 7825: 7794: 7780: 7763: 7747: 7745:, p. 244. 7735: 7733:, p. 199. 7720: 7708: 7696: 7690:, p. 34; 7672: 7666:, p. 40; 7652: 7637: 7625: 7599: 7573: 7571: 7570: 7564: 7555: 7546: 7545: 7544: 7532: 7515: 7498: 7484: 7465: 7463:, p. 597. 7446: 7444:, p. 535. 7434: 7432:, p. 440. 7422: 7410: 7408:, p. 439. 7395: 7393:, p. 493. 7383: 7371: 7369:, p. 492. 7354: 7352:, p. 413. 7337: 7335:, p. 456. 7325: 7293: 7280: 7278:, p. 356. 7265: 7263:, p. 355. 7250: 7232: 7219: 7217:, p. 290. 7207: 7195: 7193:, p. 348. 7183: 7171: 7169:, p. 272. 7159: 7157:, p. 203. 7147: 7145:, p. 271. 7135: 7123: 7121:, p. 255. 7111: 7099: 7097:, p. 292. 7080: 7078:, p. 165. 7068: 7066:, p. 237. 7056: 7054:, p. 291. 7039: 7037:, p. 174. 7027: 7015: 7013:, p. 550. 7003: 6991: 6982: 6970: 6946: 6929: 6920: 6906: 6894: 6882: 6856:(4): 395–426. 6831: 6800: 6773:(8): 113–126. 6753: 6751:, p. 143. 6741: 6729: 6717: 6705: 6693: 6691:, p. 603. 6681: 6669: 6667:, p. 604. 6657: 6655:, p. 107. 6645: 6643:, p. 610. 6633: 6621: 6609: 6600: 6596:Valentino 2005 6588: 6586:, p. 252. 6576: 6567: 6558: 6549: 6537: 6525:lonesentry.com 6512: 6494: 6481: 6468: 6455: 6443: 6428: 6416: 6390: 6372: 6360: 6335: 6328: 6310: 6284: 6278:Colvin, John. 6271: 6258: 6245: 6234:. 21 June 1987 6216: 6191: 6189:, p. 461. 6179: 6157: 6155:, p. 460. 6145: 6134: 6122: 6120:, p. 198. 6110: 6095: 6084:. 20 June 2023 6069: 6057: 6042: 6030: 6000: 5988: 5973: 5954: 5942: 5940:(1964), p. 18. 5915: 5892: 5874: 5862: 5850: 5832: 5820:Irish Examiner 5806: 5789: 5758: 5745: 5734:on 10 May 2015 5714: 5701: 5689: 5672:Sussex Express 5658: 5643: 5631: 5609: 5597: 5591:978-1440801020 5590: 5570: 5551: 5539: 5525: 5523:, p. 125. 5510: 5500: 5491: 5479: 5467: 5463:Duncanson 1957 5455: 5417: 5396: 5367: 5341: 5334: 5312: 5283: 5249: 5223: 5185: 5164: 5163: 5161: 5158: 5155: 5154: 5145: 5136: 5127: 5118: 5086: 5072:Nguyễn Ái Quốc 5053: 5048:[ɓǎːk] 5039: 5022: 4997: 4976: 4952: 4931: 4843: 4842: 4840: 4837: 4836: 4835: 4830: 4825: 4818: 4815: 4806:The Black Race 4762: 4759: 4666: 4665: 4620: 4618: 4611: 4605: 4602: 4421: 4418: 4410:Fall of Saigon 4340:Ba Đình Square 4330: 4327: 4210:Nguyễn dynasty 4189: 4186: 3989:Main article: 3986: 3983: 3971:Young Pioneers 3888: 3885: 3826:suicide weapon 3717:Douglas Gracey 3705:Main article: 3702: 3699: 3587: 3584: 3576:Võ Nguyên Giáp 3411:William Duiker 3359: 3358: 3336: 3335: 3327: 3326: 3324: 3323: 3316: 3309: 3301: 3298: 3297: 3296: 3295: 3283: 3271: 3256: 3255: 3252: 3251: 3246: 3244:Third-Worldism 3241: 3236: 3231: 3226: 3221: 3216: 3215: 3214: 3204: 3199: 3197:Post-communism 3194: 3189: 3184: 3179: 3174: 3169: 3168: 3167: 3155: 3154: 3153: 3146:Anti-communism 3143: 3137: 3134: 3133: 3130: 3129: 3126: 3125: 3120: 3115: 3110: 3104: 3102:Related topics 3101: 3100: 3097: 3096: 3093: 3092: 3087: 3082: 3077: 3072: 3067: 3062: 3057: 3052: 3047: 3042: 3037: 3032: 3027: 3022: 3017: 3012: 3007: 3001: 2998: 2997: 2994: 2993: 2990: 2989: 2988: 2987: 2982: 2977: 2972: 2967: 2962: 2952: 2947: 2946: 2945: 2940: 2935: 2930: 2925: 2920: 2915: 2910: 2905: 2900: 2895: 2890: 2885: 2880: 2875: 2865: 2860: 2855: 2850: 2845: 2840: 2835: 2830: 2825: 2820: 2815: 2810: 2805: 2804: 2803: 2798: 2791:Czechoslovakia 2788: 2783: 2778: 2773: 2772: 2771: 2766: 2758: 2753: 2748: 2743: 2738: 2732: 2729: 2728: 2725: 2724: 2721: 2720: 2715: 2710: 2705: 2700: 2695: 2690: 2685: 2680: 2675: 2670: 2665: 2660: 2655: 2650: 2645: 2640: 2635: 2634: 2633: 2628: 2623: 2618: 2608: 2603: 2598: 2593: 2588: 2587: 2586: 2576: 2571: 2566: 2561: 2556: 2551: 2550: 2549: 2544: 2539: 2534: 2523: 2520: 2519: 2516: 2515: 2512: 2511: 2506: 2501: 2496: 2491: 2486: 2481: 2476: 2469: 2464: 2458: 2455: 2454: 2451: 2450: 2447: 2446: 2441: 2436: 2431: 2426: 2421: 2416: 2411: 2406: 2401: 2396: 2391: 2386: 2384:Thomas Sankara 2381: 2376: 2371: 2369:Erich Honecker 2366: 2361: 2356: 2351: 2346: 2341: 2336: 2331: 2326: 2321: 2319:Agostinho Neto 2316: 2311: 2306: 2301: 2296: 2291: 2286: 2284:Khalid Bakdash 2281: 2276: 2271: 2266: 2261: 2256: 2251: 2246: 2241: 2236: 2231: 2226: 2221: 2216: 2214:Võ Nguyên Giáp 2211: 2206: 2201: 2199:Maurice Thorez 2196: 2191: 2189:Ehmetjan Qasim 2186: 2181: 2179:Ernst Thälmann 2176: 2171: 2166: 2164:Vladimir Lenin 2160: 2157: 2156: 2153: 2152: 2149: 2148: 2143: 2138: 2133: 2128: 2123: 2118: 2113: 2108: 2103: 2098: 2092: 2089: 2088: 2085: 2084: 2081: 2080: 2075: 2070: 2065: 2060: 2055: 2054: 2053: 2043: 2042: 2041: 2036: 2026: 2021: 2019:Social fascism 2016: 2014:Self-criticism 2011: 2006: 2001: 1996: 1991: 1986: 1981: 1976: 1971: 1964: 1959: 1954: 1949: 1944: 1939: 1934: 1929: 1928: 1927: 1917: 1912: 1907: 1901: 1898: 1897: 1894: 1893: 1885: 1884: 1878: 1877: 1866: 1863: 1771:Woodrow Wilson 1744:Nguyễn An Ninh 1703:Nguyễn Ái Quốc 1684: 1681: 1616: 1613: 1598:Pan-Africanist 1589:Phan Chu Trinh 1585:poste restante 1568: 1565: 1532: 1529: 1527: 1524: 1490:Võ Nguyên Giáp 1433:; his brother 1394: 1391: 1377:in his honor. 1300:umbrella group 1240:prime minister 1187: 1186: 1184: 1183: 1176: 1169: 1161: 1158: 1157: 1145: 1143: 1142: 1141: 1140: 1133: 1126: 1116: 1111: 1106: 1101: 1096: 1084: 1083: 1078: 1073: 1068: 1067: 1066: 1047: 1046: 1041: 1040: 1039: 1029: 1024: 1019: 1014: 1009: 1004: 999: 994: 993: 992: 982: 977: 976: 975: 965: 960: 955: 942: 941: 940: 939: 934: 924: 919: 918: 917: 912: 902: 889: 888: 883: 878: 873: 872: 871: 866: 861: 842: 841: 836: 831: 830: 829: 824: 814: 802: 801: 800: 799: 789: 767: 766: 763: 762: 750:a series about 746: 744: 728: 727: 724: 723: 714: 701: 696: 695: 694: 693: 692: 689: 688: 681: 677: 676: 674: 673: 670: 667: 663: 661: 657: 656: 651: 645: 644: 642: 641: 636:Hoàng Thị Loan 631: 620: 618: 614: 613: 611: 610: 602: 598:Nguyễn Tất Đạt 586: 569: 567: 563: 562: 547: 543: 538: 537: 535: 531: 530: 528: 527: 521: 515: 508: 506: 500: 499: 493: 489: 488: 482: 478: 477: 468:(aged 79) 462: 458: 457: 425: 423: 419: 418: 414: 413: 410: 409: 399: 398: 384: 383: 376: 370: 369: 362: 356: 355: 345: 344: 335: 329: 328: 316: 310: 309: 299: 298: 292: 291: 282: 276: 275: 266:Trần Trọng Kim 261: 255: 254: 244: 243: 236: 235: 228: 222: 221: 214: 208: 207: 197: 196: 190: 189: 184: 178: 177: 172: 166: 165: 163: 162: 156: 150: 148: 140: 139: 129: 128: 122: 121: 112: 106: 105: 91: 85: 84: 74: 73: 66: 65: 62: 61: 52: 44: 43: 36: 31: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 17330: 17319: 17316: 17314: 17311: 17309: 17306: 17304: 17301: 17299: 17296: 17294: 17291: 17289: 17286: 17284: 17281: 17279: 17276: 17274: 17271: 17269: 17266: 17264: 17261: 17259: 17256: 17254: 17251: 17249: 17246: 17244: 17241: 17239: 17236: 17234: 17231: 17229: 17226: 17224: 17221: 17219: 17216: 17214: 17211: 17209: 17206: 17204: 17201: 17199: 17198:North Vietnam 17196: 17194: 17191: 17189: 17186: 17184: 17181: 17179: 17176: 17174: 17171: 17169: 17166: 17164: 17161: 17159: 17156: 17154: 17151: 17149: 17146: 17144: 17141: 17139: 17136: 17134: 17131: 17129: 17126: 17124: 17121: 17119: 17116: 17114: 17111: 17109: 17106: 17104: 17101: 17099: 17096: 17094: 17091: 17089: 17086: 17085: 17083: 17073: 17063: 17061: 17051: 17049: 17044: 17039: 17037: 17027: 17025: 17020: 17015: 17013: 17008: 17003: 17001: 16991: 16990: 16987: 16973: 16969: 16966: 16965:Mother Teresa 16962: 16959: 16955: 16952: 16948: 16945: 16941: 16938: 16934: 16931: 16927: 16924: 16920: 16917: 16913: 16910: 16906: 16903: 16899: 16896: 16892: 16889: 16885: 16882: 16878: 16874: 16871: 16867: 16864: 16860: 16857: 16853: 16850: 16846: 16843: 16839: 16836: 16832: 16831: 16829: 16825: 16818: 16814: 16811: 16807: 16804: 16800: 16799:Francis Crick 16796: 16793: 16789: 16786: 16782: 16779: 16775: 16772: 16768: 16765: 16764:Leakey family 16761: 16758: 16754: 16751: 16747: 16744: 16740: 16737: 16733: 16730: 16729:Sigmund Freud 16726: 16723: 16719: 16716: 16712: 16709: 16705: 16702: 16698: 16695: 16694:Rachel Carson 16691: 16688: 16684: 16681: 16680:Leo Baekeland 16677: 16676: 16674: 16670: 16663: 16659: 16656: 16652: 16649: 16645: 16642: 16641:David Sarnoff 16638: 16635: 16631: 16628: 16624: 16621: 16617: 16614: 16610: 16607: 16603: 16600: 16599:Lucky Luciano 16596: 16593: 16589: 16586: 16582: 16579: 16575: 16572: 16568: 16565: 16561: 16558: 16554: 16551: 16547: 16544: 16540: 16537: 16533: 16530: 16526: 16525: 16523: 16519: 16512: 16511:Oprah Winfrey 16508: 16505: 16501: 16498: 16494: 16491: 16490:Frank Sinatra 16487: 16484: 16480: 16477: 16473: 16470: 16469:Pablo Picasso 16466: 16463: 16459: 16456: 16452: 16449: 16448:Martha Graham 16445: 16442: 16438: 16435: 16431: 16428: 16424: 16421: 16417: 16414: 16410: 16407: 16403: 16400: 16399:Marlon Brando 16396: 16393: 16389: 16386: 16382: 16379: 16375: 16374: 16372: 16368: 16361: 16357: 16354: 16350: 16347: 16343: 16340: 16336: 16333: 16329: 16326: 16322: 16319: 16315: 16312: 16311:Ronald Reagan 16308: 16305: 16301: 16298: 16294: 16291: 16287: 16284: 16280: 16277: 16273: 16270: 16266: 16263: 16259: 16256: 16252: 16249: 16245: 16242: 16238: 16235: 16231: 16228: 16224: 16223: 16221: 16217: 16213: 16211: 16203: 16198: 16196: 16191: 16189: 16184: 16183: 16180: 16167: 16163: 16162: 16158: 16155: 16151: 16150: 16146: 16143: 16139: 16138: 16134: 16133: 16130: 16126: 16119: 16114: 16112: 16107: 16105: 16100: 16099: 16096: 16084: 16081: 16079: 16076: 16074: 16071: 16069: 16066: 16065: 16062: 16054: 16051: 16049: 16048:North Vietnam 16046: 16045: 16044: 16041: 16039: 16036: 16032: 16029: 16027: 16024: 16022: 16019: 16018: 16017: 16014: 16012: 16009: 16008: 16006: 16002: 15996: 15993: 15991: 15988: 15986: 15983: 15981: 15978: 15976: 15973: 15972: 15970: 15966: 15960: 15957: 15955: 15952: 15950: 15947: 15946: 15944: 15942:Organizations 15940: 15934: 15931: 15929: 15928:Nông Đức Mạnh 15926: 15924: 15921: 15919: 15916: 15914: 15911: 15909: 15906: 15904: 15901: 15900: 15898: 15894: 15889: 15879: 15876: 15874: 15871: 15869: 15866: 15864: 15861: 15859: 15856: 15854: 15851: 15849: 15846: 15845: 15843: 15839: 15835: 15828: 15823: 15821: 15816: 15814: 15809: 15808: 15805: 15793: 15790: 15788: 15785: 15783: 15780: 15779: 15776: 15770: 15767: 15765: 15762: 15760: 15757: 15755: 15754:War on terror 15752: 15750: 15747: 15745: 15742: 15740: 15737: 15735: 15732: 15731: 15729: 15725: 15719: 15716: 15714: 15711: 15709: 15706: 15704: 15701: 15699: 15696: 15694: 15691: 15689: 15686: 15684: 15681: 15679: 15676: 15674: 15671: 15669: 15666: 15664: 15661: 15659: 15656: 15655: 15653: 15649:Espionage and 15647: 15641: 15638: 15636: 15633: 15631: 15628: 15626: 15623: 15621: 15618: 15616: 15613: 15611: 15608: 15606: 15603: 15601: 15600:Andrew Thorpe 15598: 15596: 15593: 15591: 15588: 15586: 15583: 15581: 15578: 15576: 15573: 15571: 15568: 15566: 15563: 15561: 15558: 15556: 15553: 15551: 15548: 15546: 15543: 15541: 15538: 15536: 15533: 15531: 15528: 15526: 15523: 15521: 15518: 15516: 15513: 15511: 15508: 15506: 15503: 15501: 15498: 15496: 15495:Gabriel Kolko 15493: 15491: 15488: 15486: 15483: 15481: 15478: 15476: 15473: 15471: 15468: 15466: 15463: 15461: 15460:Fred Halliday 15458: 15456: 15453: 15451: 15448: 15446: 15445:Lloyd Gardner 15443: 15441: 15438: 15436: 15433: 15431: 15428: 15426: 15423: 15421: 15418: 15416: 15413: 15411: 15408: 15406: 15405:Norman Davies 15403: 15401: 15398: 15396: 15393: 15391: 15390:John Costello 15388: 15386: 15383: 15381: 15378: 15376: 15373: 15371: 15368: 15366: 15363: 15361: 15358: 15357: 15355: 15351: 15345: 15342: 15340: 15337: 15335: 15332: 15331: 15329: 15325:Technological 15323: 15313: 15310: 15308: 15305: 15304: 15301: 15298: 15296: 15295: 15291: 15289: 15286: 15284: 15283: 15279: 15278: 15276: 15272: 15266: 15265: 15261: 15259: 15256: 15254: 15253: 15249: 15247: 15246: 15242: 15240: 15237: 15235: 15234: 15230: 15228: 15227: 15223: 15221: 15220: 15216: 15214: 15211: 15210: 15208: 15206:Pro-communist 15204: 15201: 15197: 15191: 15188: 15186: 15183: 15181: 15178: 15176: 15173: 15171: 15168: 15166: 15163: 15161: 15158: 15156: 15153: 15151: 15148: 15146: 15143: 15141: 15138: 15137: 15135: 15133:Organizations 15131: 15121: 15118: 15116: 15113: 15111: 15108: 15106: 15103: 15101: 15098: 15096: 15093: 15091: 15088: 15086: 15083: 15081: 15078: 15076: 15073: 15071: 15068: 15066: 15063: 15061: 15058: 15056: 15053: 15051: 15048: 15046: 15043: 15041: 15038: 15036: 15033: 15031: 15028: 15026: 15023: 15021: 15018: 15016: 15013: 15011: 15008: 15006: 15003: 15002: 15000: 14996: 14990: 14987: 14985: 14982: 14980: 14977: 14975: 14972: 14970: 14967: 14965: 14964: 14960: 14958: 14955: 14953: 14950: 14948: 14947:Eurocommunism 14945: 14943: 14940: 14938: 14935: 14933: 14930: 14929: 14927: 14925: 14921: 14915: 14912: 14910: 14907: 14905: 14902: 14900: 14897: 14895: 14892: 14890: 14887: 14885: 14882: 14878: 14875: 14874: 14873: 14870: 14868: 14865: 14863: 14860: 14859: 14857: 14855: 14851: 14848: 14844: 14838: 14835: 14833: 14830: 14828: 14825: 14823: 14820: 14818: 14815: 14813: 14810: 14808: 14805: 14803: 14800: 14798: 14795: 14793: 14790: 14788: 14785: 14783: 14780: 14778: 14777:Domino theory 14775: 14773: 14770: 14768: 14765: 14763: 14760: 14759: 14757: 14753: 14747: 14744: 14742: 14739: 14737: 14734: 14732: 14731:South Ossetia 14729: 14727: 14724: 14722: 14719: 14717: 14714: 14712: 14709: 14708: 14706: 14704: 14700: 14694: 14691: 14687: 14684: 14683: 14682: 14679: 14677: 14674: 14672: 14669: 14667: 14664: 14662: 14659: 14657: 14654: 14652: 14649: 14647: 14644: 14642: 14639: 14638: 14636: 14632: 14626: 14623: 14621: 14618: 14616: 14613: 14611: 14608: 14606: 14603: 14601: 14598: 14596: 14593: 14591: 14588: 14586: 14583: 14581: 14578: 14576: 14573: 14571: 14568: 14566: 14563: 14561: 14558: 14556: 14553: 14551: 14548: 14546: 14543: 14541: 14538: 14536: 14533: 14531: 14528: 14525: 14521: 14518: 14516: 14515:8888 Uprising 14513: 14511: 14508: 14506: 14503: 14501: 14498: 14496: 14493: 14491: 14488: 14486: 14483: 14481: 14478: 14476: 14473: 14471: 14468: 14466: 14463: 14461: 14460:Iran–Iraq War 14458: 14456: 14453: 14451: 14448: 14446: 14443: 14441: 14438: 14436: 14433: 14431: 14428: 14426: 14425:Falklands War 14423: 14421: 14418: 14416: 14413: 14411: 14408: 14406: 14403: 14401: 14398: 14396: 14393: 14389: 14386: 14385: 14384: 14381: 14379: 14376: 14374: 14371: 14369: 14365: 14362: 14360: 14357: 14355: 14352: 14351: 14349: 14345: 14339: 14336: 14334: 14331: 14329: 14326: 14324: 14321: 14319: 14316: 14314: 14311: 14309: 14306: 14304: 14301: 14299: 14296: 14294: 14291: 14289: 14288:NDF Rebellion 14286: 14284: 14281: 14279: 14276: 14274: 14271: 14269: 14268:German Autumn 14266: 14264: 14261: 14259: 14256: 14254: 14251: 14249: 14248: 14243: 14241: 14238: 14236: 14233: 14231: 14228: 14226: 14223: 14221: 14218: 14216: 14213: 14211: 14208: 14206: 14203: 14201: 14198: 14196: 14193: 14191: 14188: 14186: 14183: 14181: 14178: 14176: 14173: 14171: 14168: 14166: 14163: 14161: 14158: 14156: 14155:Metapolitefsi 14153: 14151: 14148: 14146: 14143: 14141: 14138: 14136: 14133: 14131: 14128: 14126: 14123: 14121: 14118: 14116: 14113: 14111: 14108: 14106: 14103: 14101: 14098: 14096: 14093: 14091: 14088: 14086: 14083: 14081: 14078: 14076: 14073: 14071: 14068: 14066: 14063: 14061: 14058: 14056: 14053: 14051: 14050: 14046: 14044: 14041: 14039: 14036: 14034: 14031: 14029: 14026: 14024: 14021: 14019: 14016: 14014: 14011: 14009: 14006: 14004: 14001: 13999: 13996: 13995: 13993: 13989: 13983: 13980: 13978: 13975: 13973: 13970: 13968: 13965: 13963: 13960: 13956: 13953: 13952: 13951: 13948: 13946: 13943: 13941: 13938: 13936: 13933: 13931: 13928: 13926: 13924: 13919: 13917: 13916:Prague Spring 13914: 13910: 13907: 13906: 13905: 13902: 13900: 13897: 13895: 13894:Al-Wadiah War 13892: 13890: 13887: 13885: 13882: 13880: 13877: 13875: 13872: 13870: 13867: 13865: 13862: 13860: 13859:12-3 incident 13857: 13855: 13852: 13850: 13847: 13845: 13842: 13840: 13837: 13835: 13832: 13830: 13827: 13825: 13822: 13820: 13817: 13815: 13812: 13810: 13807: 13805: 13802: 13800: 13797: 13795: 13792: 13788: 13785: 13784: 13783: 13780: 13778: 13775: 13773: 13770: 13768: 13765: 13763: 13760: 13758: 13755: 13753: 13750: 13748: 13745: 13743: 13740: 13738: 13735: 13733: 13730: 13728: 13725: 13723: 13720: 13716: 13713: 13711: 13708: 13706: 13703: 13702: 13701: 13698: 13696: 13693: 13691: 13688: 13686: 13683: 13681: 13678: 13676: 13673: 13671: 13668: 13664: 13661: 13660: 13659: 13656: 13652: 13649: 13648: 13647: 13644: 13642: 13639: 13637: 13634: 13632: 13629: 13627: 13624: 13622: 13619: 13618: 13616: 13612: 13606: 13603: 13599: 13596: 13595: 13594: 13591: 13589: 13586: 13584: 13581: 13579: 13576: 13574: 13571: 13569: 13566: 13564: 13561: 13559: 13556: 13554: 13551: 13549: 13546: 13544: 13541: 13539: 13538: 13533: 13530: 13526: 13524: 13521: 13519: 13516: 13514: 13511: 13509: 13506: 13503: 13499: 13497: 13494: 13492: 13489: 13487: 13484: 13482: 13479: 13477: 13474: 13472: 13469: 13467: 13464: 13462: 13459: 13457: 13456: 13451: 13449: 13446: 13444: 13441: 13439: 13438:Domino theory 13436: 13434: 13433:Petrov Affair 13431: 13429: 13426: 13424: 13421: 13419: 13416: 13414: 13411: 13409: 13406: 13404: 13401: 13399: 13396: 13394: 13391: 13389: 13386: 13384: 13381: 13379: 13376: 13374: 13371: 13370: 13368: 13364: 13358: 13355: 13353: 13350: 13348: 13345: 13341: 13338: 13337: 13336: 13333: 13331: 13328: 13326: 13323: 13321: 13318: 13316: 13313: 13311: 13310:Madiun Affair 13308: 13306: 13303: 13301: 13298: 13296: 13293: 13291: 13288: 13286: 13283: 13281: 13278: 13276: 13273: 13271: 13270:Marshall Plan 13268: 13264: 13261: 13259: 13256: 13254: 13251: 13250: 13249: 13246: 13244: 13241: 13239: 13236: 13234: 13231: 13229: 13226: 13224: 13221: 13219: 13216: 13214: 13211: 13209: 13206: 13204: 13201: 13199: 13196: 13194: 13191: 13189: 13186: 13184: 13181: 13179: 13178: 13173: 13171: 13170: 13165: 13163: 13162: 13157: 13155: 13152: 13150: 13147: 13145: 13142: 13140: 13139: 13134: 13132: 13129: 13125: 13122: 13120: 13119: 13114: 13112: 13111: 13106: 13105: 13104: 13101: 13099: 13096: 13094: 13091: 13089: 13086: 13084: 13081: 13080: 13078: 13074: 13068: 13065: 13063: 13060: 13058: 13055: 13053: 13050: 13048: 13045: 13043: 13040: 13038: 13035: 13033: 13030: 13028: 13027: 13023: 13021: 13020: 13019:United States 13016: 13015: 13012: 13008: 13001: 12996: 12994: 12989: 12987: 12982: 12981: 12978: 12966: 12961: 12956: 12954: 12944: 12943: 12940: 12934: 12931: 12929: 12928:War communism 12926: 12924: 12921: 12919: 12916: 12914: 12911: 12909: 12906: 12904: 12901: 12897: 12894: 12893: 12892: 12889: 12887: 12884: 12882: 12879: 12875: 12872: 12870: 12867: 12866: 12865: 12862: 12860: 12857: 12855: 12852: 12850: 12847: 12845: 12842: 12840: 12837: 12835: 12832: 12830: 12827: 12825: 12822: 12821: 12819: 12815: 12809: 12806: 12804: 12801: 12799: 12796: 12794: 12791: 12790: 12788: 12784: 12777: 12773: 12770: 12766: 12764: 12761: 12759: 12756: 12754: 12751: 12750: 12748: 12746: 12742: 12736: 12733: 12731: 12728: 12726: 12723: 12721: 12718: 12716: 12713: 12711: 12708: 12706: 12703: 12701: 12698: 12694: 12691: 12690: 12689: 12686: 12684: 12681: 12679: 12676: 12674: 12671: 12670: 12668: 12664: 12658: 12655: 12653: 12652:Moufawad-Paul 12650: 12648: 12645: 12643: 12640: 12638: 12635: 12633: 12630: 12628: 12625: 12623: 12620: 12618: 12615: 12613: 12610: 12608: 12605: 12603: 12600: 12598: 12595: 12593: 12590: 12588: 12585: 12583: 12580: 12578: 12575: 12573: 12570: 12568: 12565: 12563: 12560: 12558: 12555: 12553: 12550: 12548: 12545: 12543: 12540: 12538: 12535: 12533: 12530: 12528: 12525: 12523: 12520: 12518: 12515: 12513: 12510: 12508: 12505: 12503: 12500: 12498: 12495: 12493: 12490: 12488: 12485: 12483: 12480: 12478: 12475: 12473: 12470: 12468: 12465: 12463: 12460: 12458: 12455: 12453: 12450: 12448: 12445: 12443: 12440: 12438: 12435: 12433: 12430: 12428: 12425: 12423: 12420: 12418: 12415: 12413: 12410: 12408: 12405: 12403: 12400: 12398: 12395: 12393: 12390: 12388: 12385: 12383: 12380: 12378: 12375: 12373: 12370: 12368: 12365: 12363: 12360: 12358: 12355: 12353: 12350: 12348: 12345: 12343: 12340: 12338: 12335: 12333: 12330: 12328: 12325: 12323: 12320: 12318: 12315: 12313: 12310: 12308: 12305: 12303: 12300: 12298: 12295: 12294: 12292: 12290: 12286: 12280: 12277: 12275: 12272: 12270: 12267: 12265: 12262: 12260: 12257: 12255: 12252: 12250: 12247: 12245: 12242: 12241: 12239: 12237:Organisations 12235: 12229: 12226: 12224: 12221: 12219: 12216: 12214: 12211: 12209: 12206: 12205: 12203: 12201: 12197: 12189: 12186: 12185: 12184: 12181: 12179: 12176: 12172: 12169: 12168: 12167: 12164: 12160: 12157: 12155: 12152: 12151: 12150: 12147: 12145: 12142: 12141: 12139: 12137: 12133: 12127: 12124: 12122: 12119: 12117: 12114: 12112: 12109: 12107: 12104: 12102: 12099: 12098: 12096: 12092: 12086: 12083: 12081: 12078: 12076: 12073: 12071: 12068: 12066: 12063: 12061: 12058: 12056: 12053: 12051: 12048: 12046: 12043: 12041: 12038: 12036: 12033: 12031: 12028: 12026: 12023: 12021: 12018: 12016: 12013: 12011: 12008: 12006: 12003: 12001: 11998: 11996: 11993: 11991: 11988: 11986: 11983: 11981: 11978: 11976: 11973: 11972: 11970: 11966: 11962: 11955: 11950: 11948: 11943: 11941: 11936: 11935: 11932: 11920: 11917: 11915: 11912: 11910: 11907: 11905: 11902: 11901: 11899: 11895: 11885: 11882: 11880: 11877: 11875: 11872: 11870: 11867: 11866: 11864: 11860: 11855: 11851: 11837: 11834: 11831: 11828: 11826: 11823: 11821: 11817: 11816:12th: 2016–21 11814: 11812: 11811:11th: 2011–16 11809: 11807: 11806:10th: 2006–11 11804: 11802: 11799: 11797: 11794: 11792: 11789: 11787: 11784: 11782: 11779: 11777: 11774: 11772: 11769: 11767: 11764: 11762: 11759: 11757: 11754: 11753: 11751: 11749: 11745: 11742: 11736: 11726: 11723: 11721: 11720:12th: 2016–21 11718: 11716: 11715:11th: 2011–16 11713: 11711: 11710:10th: 2006–11 11708: 11706: 11703: 11701: 11698: 11696: 11693: 11691: 11688: 11686: 11683: 11681: 11678: 11676: 11673: 11671: 11668: 11666: 11663: 11662: 11660: 11658: 11654: 11648: 11645: 11643: 11640: 11638: 11635: 11633: 11630: 11628: 11625: 11623: 11620: 11618: 11615: 11613: 11610: 11608: 11605: 11603: 11600: 11598: 11595: 11593: 11590: 11588: 11585: 11584: 11582: 11580: 11576: 11570: 11567: 11565: 11564:12th: 2016–21 11562: 11560: 11559:11th: 2011–16 11557: 11555: 11554:10th: 2006–11 11552: 11550: 11547: 11545: 11542: 11540: 11537: 11535: 11532: 11530: 11527: 11525: 11522: 11520: 11517: 11516: 11514: 11512: 11508: 11502: 11499: 11497: 11496:12th: 2016–21 11494: 11492: 11491:11th: 2011–16 11489: 11487: 11486:10th: 2006–11 11484: 11482: 11479: 11476: 11472: 11468: 11466: 11463: 11461: 11458: 11456: 11453: 11451: 11448: 11446: 11443: 11441: 11438: 11436: 11433: 11432: 11430: 11428: 11424: 11421: 11415: 11412: 11408: 11398: 11395: 11393: 11390: 11388: 11385: 11383: 11380: 11378: 11375: 11373: 11370: 11368: 11365: 11363: 11360: 11358: 11355: 11353: 11350: 11348: 11345: 11343: 11340: 11338: 11335: 11334: 11332: 11330: 11326: 11323: 11319: 11309: 11306: 11304: 11301: 11299: 11296: 11294: 11291: 11289: 11286: 11285: 11283: 11279: 11273: 11272: 11268: 11266: 11265: 11261: 11259: 11256: 11254: 11251: 11249: 11246: 11244: 11241: 11239: 11236: 11234: 11231: 11229: 11226: 11224: 11221: 11220: 11218: 11214: 11208: 11205: 11203: 11200: 11198: 11195: 11193: 11190: 11189: 11187: 11183: 11176: 11173: 11170: 11167: 11164: 11163:Võ Văn Thưởng 11161: 11158: 11155: 11152: 11149: 11146: 11143: 11140: 11137: 11134: 11131: 11128: 11125: 11122: 11119: 11116: 11113: 11110: 11107: 11104: 11101: 11098: 11095: 11092: 11089: 11086: 11083: 11080: 11077: 11074: 11071: 11068: 11067:Lê Thanh Nghị 11065: 11062: 11059: 11056: 11053: 11052: 11050: 11048: 11044: 11037: 11034: 11031: 11028: 11025: 11024:Nông Đức Mạnh 11022: 11019: 11016: 11013: 11010: 11007: 11004: 11001: 10998: 10995: 10992: 10989: 10986: 10983: 10980: 10977: 10976:Nguyễn Văn Cừ 10974: 10971: 10968: 10965: 10964:Lê Hồng Phong 10962: 10959: 10956: 10955: 10953: 10951: 10947: 10944: 10942: 10936: 10925: 10909: 10904: 10902: 10897: 10895: 10890: 10889: 10886: 10874: 10871: 10868: 10863: 10860: 10858: 10855: 10853: 10850: 10848: 10847:Phan Văn Khải 10845: 10843: 10840: 10838: 10835: 10833: 10830: 10828: 10825: 10823: 10822:Phạm Văn Đồng 10820: 10815: 10810: 10807: 10803: 10798: 10795: 10790: 10785: 10782: 10778: 10773: 10772:Phạm Văn Đồng 10770: 10768: 10765: 10763: 10760: 10757:North Vietnam 10755: 10750: 10747: 10743: 10738: 10735: 10733: 10732:Nguyễn Bá Cẩn 10730: 10728: 10725: 10723: 10720: 10718: 10715: 10713: 10712:Nguyễn Cao Kỳ 10710: 10708: 10707:Phan Huy Quát 10705: 10703: 10700: 10698: 10695: 10693: 10690: 10688: 10685: 10683: 10680: 10678: 10675: 10672:South Vietnam 10670: 10665: 10662: 10658: 10652: 10651:Ngô Đình Diệm 10649: 10647: 10646:Phan Huy Quát 10644: 10642: 10639: 10637: 10634: 10632: 10629: 10627: 10624: 10622: 10619: 10618: 10615:South Vietnam 10613: 10608: 10605: 10601: 10596: 10593: 10591: 10587: 10583: 10578: 10575: 10573: 10570: 10568: 10565: 10563: 10560: 10555: 10550: 10547: 10543: 10537: 10534: 10533: 10528: 10523: 10520: 10516: 10511: 10497: 10492: 10490: 10485: 10483: 10478: 10477: 10474: 10462: 10459: 10456: 10453: 10447: 10444: 10441: 10438: 10435: 10434:Võ Văn Thưởng 10432: 10429: 10426: 10423: 10420: 10417: 10414: 10411: 10408: 10405: 10402: 10399: 10396: 10393: 10390: 10387: 10384: 10381: 10378: 10375: 10371: 10368: 10365: 10361: 10358: 10355: 10352: 10349: 10348:Tôn Đức Thắng 10346: 10341: 10336: 10333: 10329: 10324: 10321: 10316: 10311: 10308: 10304: 10299: 10296: 10294: 10291: 10289: 10286: 10284: 10283:Phan Khắc Sửu 10281: 10279: 10276: 10273: 10271: 10268: 10266: 10263: 10261: 10260:Ngô Đình Diệm 10258: 10255:South Vietnam 10253: 10248: 10245: 10241: 10235: 10234:Ngô Đình Diệm 10232: 10230: 10227: 10226: 10223:South Vietnam 10221: 10216: 10213: 10209: 10204: 10203:Tôn Đức Thắng 10201: 10199: 10196: 10194: 10189:North Vietnam 10187: 10183: 10181: 10178: 10174: 10168: 10165: 10164: 10159: 10154: 10151: 10147: 10142: 10128: 10123: 10121: 10116: 10114: 10109: 10108: 10105: 10092: 10089: 10087: 10084: 10083: 10079: 10073: 10070: 10068: 10065: 10063: 10060: 10058: 10055: 10053: 10050: 10048: 10045: 10044: 10042: 10040:Collaborators 10038: 10030: 10029:Administrator 10027: 10026: 10025: 10022: 10018: 10017:Administrator 10015: 10014: 10013: 10010: 10006: 10005:Administrator 10003: 10002: 10001: 9998: 9994: 9991: 9990: 9989: 9986: 9984: 9981: 9979: 9976: 9975: 9973: 9971:French rulers 9969: 9963: 9960: 9958: 9955: 9953: 9950: 9948: 9945: 9943: 9940: 9939: 9937: 9933: 9927: 9924: 9922: 9919: 9917: 9914: 9912: 9909: 9907: 9904: 9902: 9899: 9897: 9894: 9892: 9889: 9887: 9884: 9882: 9879: 9877: 9874: 9872: 9869: 9867: 9866:Vũ Hồng Khanh 9864: 9862: 9859: 9857: 9854: 9852: 9851:Phan Bội Châu 9849: 9847: 9844: 9842: 9841:Lương Văn Can 9839: 9838: 9836: 9832: 9826: 9823: 9821: 9818: 9816: 9813: 9811: 9808: 9806: 9803: 9801: 9798: 9796: 9793: 9791: 9788: 9786: 9783: 9781: 9778: 9776: 9773: 9771: 9768: 9766: 9763: 9761: 9758: 9756: 9753: 9752: 9750: 9746: 9740: 9737: 9735: 9732: 9730: 9727: 9725: 9722: 9720: 9717: 9715: 9712: 9710: 9707: 9705: 9702: 9700: 9697: 9695: 9692: 9690: 9687: 9686: 9684: 9682:Organisations 9680: 9674: 9671: 9669: 9666: 9664: 9661: 9659: 9656: 9654: 9651: 9649: 9646: 9644: 9641: 9639: 9636: 9634: 9631: 9629: 9626: 9624: 9621: 9619: 9616: 9614: 9611: 9609: 9606: 9604: 9601: 9599: 9596: 9594: 9591: 9589: 9586: 9584: 9581: 9579: 9576: 9574: 9571: 9569: 9566: 9565: 9563: 9559: 9554: 9547: 9542: 9540: 9535: 9533: 9528: 9527: 9524: 9515: 9506: 9505: 9498: 9492: 9481: 9480: 9469: 9464: 9460: 9459:Phạm Văn Đồng 9451: 9450: 9443: 9442: 9436: 9430: 9426: 9425:Tôn Đức Thắng 9417: 9416: 9409: 9408: 9402: 9396: 9391: 9386: 9383: 9381: 9378: 9376: 9372: 9369: 9366: 9363: 9360: 9356: 9353: 9350: 9348: 9344: 9341: 9340: 9335: 9332: 9330: 9326: 9323: 9321: 9317: 9314: 9313: 9304: 9300: 9299:Richard Nixon 9297: 9294: 9290: 9287: 9286: 9277: 9273: 9270: 9266: 9263: 9259: 9256: 9255: 9250: 9247: 9246: 9237: 9233: 9230: 9227: 9223: 9222:Hoang Van Chi 9220: 9219: 9209: 9205: 9201: 9197: 9196:History Today 9192: 9188: 9183: 9179: 9178: 9173: 9169: 9165: 9160: 9157: 9153: 9149: 9145: 9141: 9137: 9133: 9132: 9122: 9118: 9114: 9113: 9102: 9099: 9097: 9094: 9093: 9088: 9083: 9068: 9062: 9058: 9053: 9049: 9043: 9039: 9035: 9034: 9028: 9024: 9018: 9014: 9010: 9009: 9003: 8999: 8994: 8990: 8984: 8981:. UCL Press. 8980: 8979: 8973: 8969: 8963: 8959: 8958: 8953: 8949: 8945: 8940: 8936: 8932: 8928: 8922: 8918: 8914: 8910: 8909: 8903: 8899: 8893: 8889: 8885: 8884: 8878: 8866: 8865: 8859: 8855: 8849: 8845: 8840: 8829: 8823: 8819: 8818: 8812: 8808: 8804: 8800: 8796: 8791: 8780: 8774: 8770: 8769: 8763: 8759: 8753: 8749: 8748: 8742: 8738: 8732: 8728: 8727: 8721: 8710: 8704: 8700: 8699: 8693: 8689: 8683: 8679: 8678: 8673: 8669: 8665: 8659: 8655: 8654: 8649: 8645: 8641: 8635: 8631: 8630: 8624: 8620: 8614: 8610: 8605: 8601: 8595: 8591: 8586: 8582: 8577: 8573: 8567: 8563: 8558: 8554: 8548: 8545:. Doubleday. 8544: 8543: 8537: 8533: 8527: 8523: 8522: 8516: 8504: 8500: 8494: 8490: 8489: 8483: 8479: 8475: 8471: 8467: 8463: 8459: 8455: 8450: 8446: 8440: 8436: 8435: 8429: 8425: 8419: 8415: 8414: 8408: 8404: 8398: 8394: 8393: 8387: 8386: 8374: 8369: 8353: 8349: 8343: 8328: 8324: 8317: 8299: 8293: 8285: 8281: 8275: 8259: 8255: 8251: 8250:"Ho Chi Minh" 8244: 8236: 8232: 8226: 8218: 8212: 8204: 8200: 8194: 8179:. 19 May 2011 8178: 8174: 8169: 8165: 8159: 8152: 8148: 8145: 8140: 8133: 8128: 8112: 8108: 8102: 8100: 8084: 8080: 8073: 8057: 8053: 8046: 8039: 8033: 8026: 8022: 8019: 8018: 8011: 8004: 8000: 7994: 7985: 7978: 7973: 7966: 7960: 7941: 7937: 7933: 7929: 7923: 7919: 7912: 7911: 7903: 7896: 7890: 7884:, p. 25. 7883: 7878: 7872: 7870: 7863: 7847: 7843: 7839: 7835: 7829: 7813: 7809: 7805: 7798: 7791: 7790: 7784: 7776: 7775: 7767: 7760: 7756: 7751: 7744: 7739: 7732: 7727: 7725: 7718:, p. 63. 7717: 7716:Brocheux 2007 7712: 7705: 7700: 7693: 7689: 7685: 7684:Brocheux 2007 7681: 7676: 7670:, p. 33. 7669: 7665: 7664:Brocheux 2007 7661: 7656: 7650:, p. 33. 7649: 7644: 7642: 7634: 7629: 7614: 7610: 7603: 7587: 7583: 7577: 7569: 7566:Russian – by 7565: 7563: 7559: 7556: 7554: 7550: 7547: 7543: 7539: 7538: 7537: 7533: 7530: 7526: 7523: 7519: 7516: 7511: 7506: 7502: 7499: 7497: 7493: 7492: 7488: 7480: 7476: 7469: 7462: 7457: 7455: 7453: 7451: 7443: 7438: 7431: 7430:Langguth 2000 7426: 7419: 7418:Langguth 2000 7414: 7407: 7406:Langguth 2000 7402: 7400: 7392: 7387: 7380: 7375: 7368: 7363: 7361: 7359: 7351: 7350:Langguth 2000 7346: 7344: 7342: 7334: 7329: 7313: 7309: 7308: 7303: 7297: 7290: 7284: 7277: 7276:Langguth 2000 7272: 7270: 7262: 7261:Langguth 2000 7257: 7255: 7246: 7242: 7236: 7229: 7223: 7216: 7215:Langguth 2000 7211: 7205:, p. 15. 7204: 7199: 7192: 7187: 7180: 7175: 7168: 7163: 7156: 7151: 7144: 7139: 7132: 7127: 7120: 7115: 7108: 7107:Langguth 2000 7103: 7096: 7091: 7089: 7087: 7085: 7077: 7072: 7065: 7064:Brocheux 2007 7060: 7053: 7048: 7046: 7044: 7036: 7035:Brocheux 2007 7031: 7025:, p. 62. 7024: 7019: 7012: 7011:Langguth 2000 7007: 7001:, p. 21. 7000: 6995: 6986: 6979: 6978:The Economist 6974: 6959: 6953: 6951: 6943: 6938: 6936: 6934: 6924: 6916: 6910: 6901: 6899: 6891: 6886: 6871: 6867: 6863: 6859: 6855: 6851: 6850: 6842: 6835: 6828: 6815: 6811: 6804: 6796: 6792: 6788: 6784: 6780: 6776: 6772: 6768: 6764: 6757: 6750: 6745: 6738: 6733: 6727:, p. 99. 6726: 6721: 6714: 6709: 6702: 6697: 6690: 6689:Logevall 2012 6685: 6679:, p. 97. 6678: 6673: 6666: 6665:Logevall 2012 6661: 6654: 6649: 6642: 6641:Logevall 2012 6637: 6630: 6625: 6618: 6613: 6604: 6598:, p. 83. 6597: 6592: 6585: 6580: 6571: 6562: 6553: 6547:, p. 88. 6546: 6541: 6526: 6522: 6516: 6508: 6503: 6498: 6491: 6485: 6478: 6472: 6465: 6459: 6452: 6447: 6439: 6432: 6425: 6420: 6404: 6400: 6394: 6386: 6382: 6376: 6369: 6364: 6349: 6345: 6344:"Ho Chi Minh" 6339: 6331: 6325: 6322:. Routledge. 6321: 6314: 6298: 6294: 6288: 6281: 6275: 6268: 6262: 6255: 6249: 6233: 6229: 6223: 6221: 6204: 6198: 6196: 6188: 6183: 6167: 6161: 6154: 6149: 6143: 6138: 6131: 6126: 6119: 6118:Brocheux 2007 6114: 6108: 6104: 6099: 6083: 6079: 6073: 6067:, p. 39. 6066: 6061: 6053: 6046: 6039: 6034: 6018: 6014: 6010: 6009:"Ho Chi Minh" 6004: 5997: 5996:Brocheux 2007 5992: 5986:, p. 11. 5985: 5980: 5978: 5969: 5963: 5961: 5959: 5951: 5950:Brocheux 2007 5946: 5939: 5935: 5934:Hoàng Văn Chí 5931:(1991), p. 4. 5930: 5929: 5922: 5920: 5913:, p. 39. 5912: 5911:Brocheux 2007 5907: 5905: 5903: 5901: 5899: 5897: 5888: 5884: 5878: 5871: 5866: 5860:, p. 21. 5859: 5858:Brocheux 2007 5854: 5846: 5842: 5836: 5821: 5817: 5810: 5803: 5799: 5793: 5777: 5773: 5769: 5762: 5755: 5749: 5733: 5729: 5725: 5718: 5711: 5705: 5699:, p. 11. 5698: 5697:Brocheux 2007 5693: 5677: 5673: 5669: 5662: 5654: 5647: 5641:, p. 25. 5640: 5635: 5619: 5613: 5607:, p. 42. 5606: 5601: 5593: 5587: 5583: 5582: 5574: 5568:, p. 20. 5567: 5562: 5560: 5558: 5556: 5549:, p. 42. 5548: 5543: 5535: 5529: 5522: 5517: 5515: 5504: 5495: 5489:, p. 42. 5488: 5483: 5476: 5471: 5465:, p. 85. 5464: 5459: 5452: 5446: 5444: 5442: 5440: 5438: 5436: 5434: 5432: 5430: 5428: 5426: 5424: 5422: 5413: 5412: 5407: 5400: 5385: 5384: 5378: 5371: 5356:. 6 June 2012 5355: 5351: 5345: 5337: 5331: 5327: 5323: 5316: 5301: 5297: 5290: 5288: 5271: 5267: 5263: 5256: 5254: 5237: 5230: 5228: 5219: 5204: 5200: 5196: 5189: 5181: 5180: 5175: 5174:"Ho Chi Minh" 5169: 5165: 5149: 5140: 5131: 5122: 5116: 5112: 5108: 5106: 5100: 5098: 5090: 5083: 5081: 5075: 5073: 5067: 5065: 5057: 5049: 5043: 5036: 5032: 5026: 5006: 5004: 5002: 4987: 4980: 4971: 4965: 4956: 4942: 4935: 4927: 4916: 4910: 4902: 4901: 4889: 4848: 4844: 4834: 4831: 4829: 4826: 4824: 4821: 4820: 4814: 4811: 4807: 4802: 4799: 4794: 4791: 4787: 4783: 4779: 4777: 4767: 4758: 4756: 4752: 4748: 4744: 4740: 4736: 4732: 4728: 4724: 4719: 4717: 4713: 4712:Vladimir Fere 4709: 4705: 4701: 4700:anti-war song 4697: 4693: 4689: 4688:Carlos Puebla 4685: 4680: 4672: 4662: 4659: 4651: 4641: 4636: 4634: 4630: 4626: 4619: 4610: 4609: 4601: 4598: 4596: 4595: 4590: 4586: 4581: 4579: 4575: 4570: 4568: 4560: 4556: 4551: 4547: 4540: 4535: 4531: 4529: 4519: 4515: 4513: 4509: 4502: 4497: 4491: 4486: 4482: 4480: 4476: 4472: 4468: 4460: 4457: 4456:Soviet Leader 4453: 4450: 4447: 4443: 4442:postage stamp 4438: 4431: 4426: 4417: 4415: 4411: 4406: 4403: 4396: 4391: 4387: 4382: 4380: 4376: 4372: 4368: 4364: 4360: 4356: 4350: 4348: 4343: 4341: 4337: 4326: 4323: 4319: 4314: 4308: 4305: 4299: 4297: 4293: 4289: 4285: 4280: 4278: 4274: 4270: 4266: 4265: 4260: 4256: 4246: 4242: 4240: 4239: 4234: 4230: 4226: 4222: 4218: 4214: 4211: 4207: 4199: 4194: 4188:Personal life 4185: 4183: 4182:Jean Sainteny 4178: 4175: 4169: 4166: 4165:Tet Offensive 4162: 4157: 4155: 4151: 4147: 4143: 4138: 4134: 4130: 4128: 4124: 4120: 4116: 4112: 4107: 4105: 4099: 4096: 4090: 4088: 4084: 4080: 4074: 4072: 4068: 4062: 4059: 4055: 4051: 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3438: 3434: 3433:Phan Bội Châu 3430: 3429:Hoàng Văn Chí 3426: 3424: 3420: 3416: 3412: 3408: 3403: 3401: 3397: 3393: 3389: 3385: 3375: 3370: 3369:Compoint Lane 3365: 3357: 3353: 3351: 3347: 3337: 3332: 3322: 3317: 3315: 3310: 3308: 3303: 3302: 3300: 3299: 3294: 3289: 3284: 3282: 3277: 3272: 3270: 3260: 3259: 3258: 3257: 3250: 3247: 3245: 3242: 3240: 3237: 3235: 3232: 3230: 3227: 3225: 3222: 3220: 3217: 3213: 3210: 3209: 3208: 3205: 3203: 3200: 3198: 3195: 3193: 3190: 3188: 3185: 3183: 3180: 3178: 3175: 3173: 3170: 3166: 3165:Mass killings 3163: 3162: 3161: 3156: 3152: 3151:Mass killings 3149: 3148: 3147: 3144: 3142: 3139: 3138: 3132: 3131: 3124: 3121: 3119: 3116: 3114: 3111: 3109: 3106: 3105: 3099: 3098: 3091: 3088: 3086: 3083: 3081: 3078: 3076: 3073: 3071: 3068: 3066: 3063: 3061: 3058: 3056: 3053: 3051: 3048: 3046: 3043: 3041: 3038: 3036: 3033: 3031: 3028: 3026: 3023: 3021: 3018: 3016: 3013: 3011: 3008: 3006: 3003: 3002: 2999:Organizations 2996: 2995: 2986: 2983: 2981: 2978: 2976: 2973: 2971: 2968: 2966: 2963: 2961: 2958: 2957: 2956: 2953: 2951: 2948: 2944: 2941: 2939: 2936: 2934: 2931: 2929: 2926: 2924: 2921: 2919: 2916: 2914: 2911: 2909: 2906: 2904: 2901: 2899: 2896: 2894: 2891: 2889: 2886: 2884: 2881: 2879: 2876: 2874: 2871: 2870: 2869: 2866: 2864: 2861: 2859: 2856: 2854: 2851: 2849: 2846: 2844: 2841: 2839: 2836: 2834: 2831: 2829: 2826: 2824: 2821: 2819: 2816: 2814: 2811: 2809: 2806: 2802: 2799: 2797: 2794: 2793: 2792: 2789: 2787: 2784: 2782: 2779: 2777: 2774: 2770: 2767: 2765: 2762: 2761: 2759: 2757: 2754: 2752: 2749: 2747: 2744: 2742: 2739: 2737: 2734: 2733: 2727: 2726: 2719: 2716: 2714: 2711: 2709: 2706: 2704: 2703:Prague Spring 2701: 2699: 2696: 2694: 2691: 2689: 2686: 2684: 2681: 2679: 2676: 2674: 2671: 2669: 2666: 2664: 2661: 2659: 2656: 2654: 2651: 2649: 2646: 2644: 2641: 2639: 2636: 2632: 2629: 2627: 2624: 2622: 2619: 2617: 2614: 2613: 2612: 2609: 2607: 2604: 2602: 2599: 2597: 2594: 2592: 2589: 2585: 2582: 2581: 2580: 2577: 2575: 2572: 2570: 2567: 2565: 2562: 2560: 2557: 2555: 2552: 2548: 2545: 2543: 2540: 2538: 2535: 2533: 2530: 2529: 2528: 2525: 2524: 2518: 2517: 2510: 2507: 2505: 2502: 2500: 2497: 2495: 2492: 2490: 2487: 2485: 2482: 2480: 2477: 2475: 2470: 2468: 2465: 2463: 2460: 2459: 2453: 2452: 2445: 2444:Todor Zhivkov 2442: 2440: 2437: 2435: 2432: 2430: 2427: 2425: 2422: 2420: 2419:Harry Pollitt 2417: 2415: 2412: 2410: 2407: 2405: 2402: 2400: 2397: 2395: 2392: 2390: 2387: 2385: 2382: 2380: 2379:Samora Machel 2377: 2375: 2372: 2370: 2367: 2365: 2362: 2360: 2357: 2355: 2352: 2350: 2347: 2345: 2344:Hardial Bains 2342: 2340: 2337: 2335: 2332: 2330: 2327: 2325: 2322: 2320: 2317: 2315: 2312: 2310: 2307: 2305: 2302: 2300: 2297: 2295: 2294:Deng Xiaoping 2292: 2290: 2287: 2285: 2282: 2280: 2277: 2275: 2272: 2270: 2267: 2265: 2262: 2260: 2257: 2255: 2252: 2250: 2247: 2245: 2242: 2240: 2239:Mátyás Rákosi 2237: 2235: 2232: 2230: 2227: 2225: 2222: 2220: 2217: 2215: 2212: 2210: 2207: 2205: 2202: 2200: 2197: 2195: 2192: 2190: 2187: 2185: 2182: 2180: 2177: 2175: 2172: 2170: 2169:Joseph Stalin 2167: 2165: 2162: 2161: 2155: 2154: 2147: 2144: 2142: 2139: 2137: 2134: 2132: 2129: 2127: 2126:Khrushchevism 2124: 2122: 2119: 2117: 2114: 2112: 2109: 2107: 2104: 2102: 2099: 2097: 2094: 2093: 2087: 2086: 2079: 2078:Unified power 2076: 2074: 2071: 2069: 2066: 2064: 2061: 2059: 2056: 2052: 2049: 2048: 2047: 2044: 2040: 2037: 2035: 2032: 2031: 2030: 2027: 2025: 2022: 2020: 2017: 2015: 2012: 2010: 2007: 2005: 2002: 2000: 1999:Popular front 1997: 1995: 1992: 1990: 1987: 1985: 1982: 1980: 1977: 1975: 1972: 1970: 1965: 1963: 1960: 1958: 1955: 1953: 1950: 1948: 1945: 1943: 1940: 1938: 1935: 1933: 1930: 1926: 1923: 1922: 1921: 1918: 1916: 1913: 1911: 1908: 1906: 1903: 1902: 1896: 1895: 1891: 1887: 1886: 1883: 1880: 1879: 1875: 1871: 1870: 1862: 1860: 1856: 1852: 1848: 1844: 1840: 1834: 1832: 1828: 1824: 1820: 1816: 1807: 1803: 1801: 1797: 1793: 1789: 1785: 1780: 1779:anti-colonial 1776: 1772: 1768: 1767:United States 1764: 1759: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1739: 1734: 1730: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1717:Marcel Cachin 1714: 1706: 1697: 1689: 1680: 1679:ferry route. 1678: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1662: 1658: 1654: 1653:Carlton Hotel 1650: 1646: 1642: 1638: 1634: 1631:and later in 1630: 1621: 1612: 1610: 1606: 1605:Marcus Garvey 1603: 1599: 1595: 1590: 1586: 1582: 1578: 1574: 1564: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1542: 1538: 1523: 1521: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1504: 1497: 1495: 1494:Ngô Đình Diệm 1491: 1487: 1486:Phạm Văn Đồng 1483: 1482: 1477: 1476: 1470: 1466: 1461: 1460: 1456: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1413:province, in 1412: 1408: 1404: 1400: 1390: 1387: 1378: 1376: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1352: 1351:South Vietnam 1348: 1344: 1341:, ending the 1340: 1337:Điện Biên Phủ 1331: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1301: 1295: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1277: 1267: 1265: 1261: 1257: 1254:, he was the 1253: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1224: 1219: 1214: 1209: 1205: 1197: 1182: 1177: 1175: 1170: 1168: 1163: 1162: 1160: 1159: 1155: 1149: 1139: 1138: 1134: 1132: 1131: 1127: 1125: 1122: 1121: 1120: 1117: 1115: 1112: 1110: 1107: 1105: 1102: 1100: 1097: 1095: 1092: 1091: 1090: 1089: 1082: 1079: 1077: 1074: 1072: 1069: 1065: 1062: 1061: 1060: 1057: 1056: 1055: 1054: 1053: 1045: 1042: 1038: 1037:Tet Offensive 1035: 1034: 1033: 1030: 1028: 1025: 1023: 1020: 1018: 1015: 1013: 1010: 1008: 1005: 1003: 1000: 998: 995: 991: 988: 987: 986: 983: 981: 978: 974: 971: 970: 969: 966: 964: 961: 959: 956: 954: 951: 950: 949: 948: 947: 938: 935: 933: 930: 929: 928: 925: 923: 920: 916: 913: 911: 908: 907: 906: 903: 901: 898: 897: 896: 895: 894: 887: 884: 882: 879: 877: 874: 870: 867: 865: 862: 860: 857: 856: 855: 852: 851: 850: 849: 848: 840: 837: 835: 832: 828: 827:OSS Deer Team 825: 823: 820: 819: 818: 815: 813: 810: 809: 808: 807: 798: 795: 794: 793: 790: 788: 785: 784: 783: 782: 781: 776: 775: 769: 768: 759: 745: 742: 738: 737: 734: 733: 725: 699: 690: 686: 682: 678: 671: 669:revolutionary 668: 665: 664: 662: 658: 655: 652: 650: 646: 637: 632: 627: 622: 621: 619: 615: 603: 592: 587: 576: 571: 570: 568: 564: 541: 536: 532: 525: 522: 519: 516: 513: 510: 509: 507: 501: 497: 494: 490: 486: 483: 481:Resting place 479: 476: 475:North Vietnam 472: 463: 459: 456: 452: 446: 424: 420: 415: 411: 405: 400: 397: 394: 390: 385: 377: 371: 363: 357: 351: 346: 341: 336: 330: 322: 317: 311: 305: 300: 297: 293: 288: 287:Phạm Văn Đồng 283: 277: 273: 267: 262: 256: 250: 245: 242: 237: 229: 223: 215: 209: 203: 198: 195: 191: 188: 185: 179: 176: 173: 167: 160: 157: 155: 152: 151: 149: 146: 141: 135: 130: 127: 123: 118: 117:Tôn Đức Thắng 113: 107: 103: 97: 92: 86: 80: 75: 72: 67: 63: 50: 45: 34: 29: 26: 22: 17203:Pastry chefs 16888:Helen Keller 16863:Billy Graham 16835:Muhammad Ali 16803:James Watson 16750:Edwin Hubble 16715:Enrico Fermi 16634:Pete Rozelle 16585:Estée Lauder 16483:Bart Simpson 16420:Le Corbusier 16385:Lucille Ball 16261: 16255:Adolf Hitler 16209: 16165: 16160: 16147: 16135: 15902: 15759:Brinkmanship 15651:intelligence 15540:Marius Oprea 15490:Harvey Klehr 15420:Herbert Feis 15410:Willem Drees 15375:Archie Brown 15292: 15280: 15262: 15252:Trybuna Ludu 15250: 15243: 15239:Radio Moscow 15231: 15224: 15217: 15045:Anti-Zionism 14961: 14884:Keynesianism 14872:Conservatism 14736:Transnistria 14716:China-Taiwan 14373:Gera Demands 14246: 14047: 13922: 13727:El Porteñazo 13621:Congo Crisis 13536: 13471:Algerian War 13454: 13330:Western Bloc 13325:Eastern Bloc 13320:Iron Curtain 13176: 13168: 13160: 13137: 13117: 13109: 13026:Soviet Union 13024: 13017: 12839:Anti-fascism 12725:Soviet Union 12396: 12106:Gift economy 12065:Wage slavery 11869:Constitution 11862:Other organs 11801:9th: 2001–06 11796:8th: 1996–01 11791:7th: 1991–96 11786:6th: 1986–91 11781:5th: 1982–86 11776:4th: 1976–82 11771:3rd: 1960–76 11766:2nd: 1951–60 11761:1st: 1935–51 11705:9th: 2001–06 11700:8th: 1996–01 11695:7th: 1991–96 11690:6th: 1986–91 11685:5th: 1982–86 11680:4th: 1976–82 11675:3rd: 1960–76 11670:2nd: 1951–60 11665:1st: 1948–51 11549:9th: 2001–06 11544:7th: 1991–96 11539:6th: 1986–91 11534:5th: 1982–86 11529:4th: 1976–82 11524:3rd: 1960–76 11519:2nd: 1951–60 11481:9th: 2001–06 11465:7th: 1991–96 11460:6th: 1986–91 11455:5th: 1982–86 11450:4th: 1976–82 11445:3rd: 1960–76 11440:2nd: 1951–60 11435:1st: 1935–51 11269: 11262: 11109:Lê Khả Phiêu 11103:Đào Duy Tùng 11018:Lê Khả Phiêu 11000:Trường Chinh 10987: 10982:Trường Chinh 10841: 10761: 10692:Nguyễn Khánh 10682:Nguyễn Khánh 10631:Trần Văn Hữu 10577:Trần Văn Hữu 10567:Lê Văn Hoạch 10364:Trường Chinh 10270:Nguyễn Khánh 10192: 9926:Trần Cao Vân 9906:Nguyễn Thành 9901:Nguyễn Quyền 9846:Trần Quý Cáp 9815:Cầm Bá Thước 9795:Tống Duy Tân 9765:Võ Duy Dương 9638:World War II 9502: 9497:Trường Chinh 9477: 9447: 9440: 9439: 9413: 9406: 9405: 9346: 9337: 9302: 9292: 9275: 9268: 9261: 9252: 9235: 9225: 9207: 9195: 9186: 9176: 9163: 9151: 9139: 9120: 9086: 9056: 9032: 9007: 8997: 8977: 8956: 8943: 8907: 8882: 8869:. 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brother) 436:1890-05-19 53:Portrait, 17072:Biography 17012:Socialism 17000:Communism 16902:Bruce Lee 16427:Bob Dylan 16078:Socialism 16073:Communism 16053:Viet Cong 16038:Việt Minh 15968:Key works 15640:Ken Young 15485:Tony Judt 15334:Arms race 15307:Red Scare 15175:NN States 15120:Apartheid 15075:Autocracy 14984:Stalinism 14952:Guevarism 14942:Castroism 14932:Communism 14924:Socialism 14450:Star Wars 14043:Koza riot 13169:Beleaguer 13161:Masterdom 12903:Red Scare 12786:Criticism 12666:By region 12647:Hatherley 12477:Althusser 12412:Togliatti 12362:Kollontai 12357:Luxemburg 12342:Pannekoek 12337:Malatesta 12332:Kropotkin 12188:Christian 12183:Religious 12178:Primitive 12144:Anarchist 12126:Use value 12094:Economics 11961:Communism 11830:Apparatus 11427:Politburo 11308:Southwest 11303:Northwest 11216:Apparatus 11192:Politburo 11159:(2018–21) 11153:(2016–18) 11147:(2011–16) 11141:(2006–11) 11135:(2002–06) 11133:Phan Diễn 11123:(1999–01) 11117:(1998–01) 11111:(1996–97) 11105:(1991–96) 11099:(1991–92) 11093:(1988–91) 11087:(1986–88) 11075:(1982–86) 11069:(1980–82) 11063:(1980–82) 11057:(1976–82) 11026:(2001–11) 11020:(1997–01) 11014:(1991–97) 11008:(1986–91) 10996:(1960–86) 10984:(1940–56) 10978:(1938–40) 10972:(1936–38) 10966:(1931–36) 10960:(1930–31) 10827:Phạm Hùng 9755:Phạm Bành 9734:Việt Minh 9689:Cần Vương 9473:New title 9174:(1968) . 9129:Biography 8478:864836133 8352:issuu.com 7918:ANU Press 7743:Marr 1984 7633:Marr 2013 7494:French – 7203:Hunt 1993 6870:153956945 6787:0362-8949 6545:Fall 1967 6187:Zinn 1995 6153:Zinn 1995 5825:1 October 5728:Viet Quoc 5521:Hunt 2016 5475:Pike 1976 5411:The World 5305:1 October 5035:Politburo 4796:In 1987, 4735:Ulyanovsk 4640:talk page 4578:Hải Dương 4555:Joe Biden 4479:Vĩnh Long 4475:mausoleum 4255:Esperanto 4050:Politburo 3997:Việt Cộng 3959:Stralsund 3898:Communist 3838:landmines 3592:Việt Minh 3556:Chongqing 3515:Hong Kong 3509:and then 3396:Guangzhou 3384:Comintern 3346:Booknotes 3207:Red Scare 3192:New class 3010:Comintern 2970:Macedonia 2913:Lithuania 2760:Cambodia 2626:1989–2002 2621:1976–1989 2616:1949–1976 2547:1982–1991 2542:1964–1982 2537:1953–1964 2532:1927–1953 2339:Chin Peng 2194:José Díaz 2141:Stalinism 2101:Guevarism 2096:Castroism 2051:Socialist 1843:Franglais 1831:Jo So-ang 1545:Marseille 1531:In France 1439:geomancer 1405:commune, 1399:Hoàng Trù 1294:Việt Minh 1248:president 1236:communist 1059:Communism 922:1947–1950 905:1945–1946 854:Elections 822:Viet Minh 680:Signature 609:(brother) 585:; sister) 575:Bạch Liên 566:Relations 404:In office 396:Politburo 350:In office 304:In office 249:In office 202:In office 134:In office 79:In office 17024:Politics 16578:Ray Kroc 16083:Politics 15792:Timeline 15782:Category 15727:See also 15219:Izvestia 15060:Islamism 14957:Hoxhaism 14832:Rollback 14711:Abkhazia 14651:Gulf War 14555:Glasnost 13925:incident 13695:Sand War 13553:Ifni War 13062:Rio Pact 13007:Cold War 12874:New Left 12869:Old Left 12763:Red star 12678:Colombia 12597:Gordillo 12572:Holloway 12517:Guattari 12487:Pasolini 12472:Hobsbawm 12457:Beauvoir 12417:Benjamin 12392:Bukharin 12382:Thälmann 12154:Leninist 12136:Variants 11968:Concepts 11897:Ideology 11740:Congress 11475:Standing 11471:Enlarged 11264:Nhân Dân 10958:Trần Phú 10460:military 9947:Hàm Nghi 9935:Emperors 9856:Cường Để 9301:. 1987. 9291:. 1979. 9251:. 1972. 9234:. 1986. 9224:. 1964. 9206:(1990). 9150:(1971). 9138:(2001). 8954:(1990). 8807:45193059 8674:(2000). 8650:(1983). 8468:(1982). 8166:and the 8147:Archived 8117:2 August 8021:Archived 7846:Archived 7812:Archived 7558:Romanian 7525:Archived 7318:21 April 7245:vvaw.org 6999:Ang 2002 6942:Ang 2002 5389:17 April 5360:25 April 5354:BBC News 5017:Quốc học 4817:See also 4778:magazine 4471:Chí Minh 4390:Huy Thuc 4359:Ethiopia 4304:diabetes 4259:Le Paria 4238:Nhân Dân 4206:polyglot 4115:Cambodia 3810:machetes 3673:and the 3511:Shanghai 3464:Brussels 3437:piastres 3135:See also 3113:Leninism 2985:Slovenia 2883:Byelarus 2833:Mongolia 2813:Ethiopia 2801:Slovakia 2756:Bulgaria 2596:Cold War 2414:Gus Hall 2121:Kádárism 2116:Husakism 2111:Hoxhaism 2090:Variants 2039:Yugoslav 1899:Concepts 1874:a series 1872:Part of 1851:le round 1715:comrade 1673:Newhaven 1553:Le Havre 1465:Qui Nhơn 1403:Kim Liên 1322:Việt Bắc 1308:led the 1302:. 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