Early Christianity

4836: 7488:: "Epiphanius (d. 403) says that when the Emperor Hadrian came to Jerusalem in 130 he found the Temple and the whole city destroyed save for a few houses, among them the one where the Apostles had received the Holy Ghost. This house, says Epiphanius, is "in that part of Sion which was spared when the city was destroyed" – therefore in the "upper part ("De mens. et pond.", cap. xiv). From the time of Cyril of Jerusalem, who speaks of "the upper Church of the Apostles, where the Holy Ghost came down upon them" (Catech., ii, 6; P.G., XXXIII), there are abundant witnesses of the place. A great basilica was built over the spot in the fourth century; the crusaders built another church when the older one had been destroyed by Hakim in 1010. It is the famous Coenaculum or Cenacle – now a Moslem shrine – near the Gate of David, and supposed to be David's tomb (Nebi Daud)."; 7859:: "An important seaport of Egypt, on the left bank of the Nile. It was founded by Alexander the Great to replace the small borough called Racondah or Rakhotis, 331 B.C. The Ptolemies, Alexander's successors on the throne of Egypt, soon made it the intellectual and commercial metropolis of the world. Cæsar who visited it 46 B.C. left it to Queen Cleopatra, but when Octavius went there in 30 B.C. he transformed the Egyptian kingdom into a Roman province. Alexandria continued prosperous under the Roman rule but declined a little under that of Constantinople. ... Christianity was brought to Alexandria by the Evangelist 8426:"Patriarch (ecclesiastical). A title dating from the 6th cent., for the bishops of the five chief sees of Christendom ... Their jurisdiction extended over the adjoining territories ... The earliest bishops exercising such powers, though not so named, were those of Rome (over the whole or part of Italy, Alexandria (over Egypt and Libya), and Antioch (over large parts of Asia Minor))" . "Nobody can maintain that the bishops of Antioch and Alexandria were called patriarchs then, or that the jurisdiction they had then was co-extensive with what they had afterward, when they were so called" (ffoulkes, 3906: 5192:. The vicissitudes of its later growth were rooted in its minority status in a situation of international tension. The rulers of the Parthian Empire (250 BC – AD 226) were on the whole tolerant in spirit, and with the older faiths of Babylonia and Assyria in a state of decay, the time was ripe for a new and vital faith. The rulers of the Second Persian empire (226–640) also followed a policy of religious toleration to begin with, though later they gave Christians the same status as a subject race. However, these rulers also encouraged the revival of the ancient Persian dualistic faith of 36: 2063: 2703: 4179: 1346: 8398:: Letter to Pope Hadrian: "Therefore, O most holy Head (Caput)", "And after this, may there be no further schism and separation in the one holy Catholic and Apostolic Church, of which Christ our true God is the Head."; Pope Hadrian's letter: "the holy Catholic and Apostolic Roman Church your spiritual mother ... the head of all Churches"; Canon IV: "For Peter the supreme head (ἡ κερυφαία ἀκρότης) of the Apostles"; Letter to the Emperor and Empress: "Christ our God (who is the head of the Church)". 4077: 2903: 2521: 113: 3112: 1893: 1008: 3767: 1753: 12475: 5336:, since this was an important point on the east–west trade routes which extended to India and China, Java and Japan. Thus the shift of ecclesiastical authority was away from Edessa, which in AD 216 had become tributary to Rome. the establishment of an independent patriarchate with nine subordinate metropoli contributed to a more favourable attitude by the Persian government, which no longer had to fear an ecclesiastical alliance with the common enemy, Rome. 5332:. The twenty bishops and many presbyters were more of the order of itinerant missionaries, passing from place to place as Paul did and supplying their needs with such occupations as merchant or craftsman. By AD 280 the metropolis of Seleucia assumed the title of "Catholicos" and in AD 424 a council of the church at Seleucia elected the first patriarch to have jurisdiction over the whole church of the East. The seat of the Patriarchate was fixed at 745: 3291: 5013: 12464: 7929:: Spread of Christianity in Asia Minor: "Asia Minor was certainly the first part of the Roman world to accept as a whole the principles and the spirit of the Christian religion, and it was not unnatural that the warmth of its conviction should eventually fire the neighbouring Armenia and make it, early in the fourth century, the first of the ancient states formally to accept the religion of Christ (Eusebius, Hist. Eccl., IX, viii, 2)." 4355: 1546: 5393:". By this time, neither Edessa nor Arbela was the centre of the Church of the East anymore; ecclesiastical authority had moved east to the heart of the Persian Empire. The twin cities of Seleucia-Ctesiphon, well-situated on the main trade routes between East and West, became, in the words of John Stewart, "a magnificent centre for the missionary church that was entering on its great task of carrying the gospel to the far east". 4503: 7830:"Their jurisdiction extended over the adjoining territories ... The earliest bishops exercising such powers... were those of Rome (over the whole or part of Italy), Alexandria (over Egypt and Libya), and Antioch (over large parts of Asia Minor). These three were recognized by the Council of Nicaea (325)." Cross, F. L., ed. The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. New York: Oxford University Press. 2005, article 5421:

several years, imposed a double tax on his Christian subjects to finance the conflict. Shemon, however, refused to pay the double tax. Shapur started pressuring Shemon and his clergy to convert to Zoroastrianism, which they refused to do. It was during this period the 'cycle of the martyrs' began during which 'many thousands of Christians' were put to death. During the following years, Shemon's successors,

1761: 4960: 7883:: "...this was the second main object of the first ecumenical council in 325. The result of the transactions on this point, the particulars of which are not known to us, does not appear in the canons (probably out of consideration for the numerous Quartodecimanians), but is doubtless preserved in the two circular letters of the council itself and the emperor Constantine. " 2136:, and Sabbath observance) gave rise to various answers. Some Christians demanded full observance of the Torah and required Gentile converts to become Jews. Others, such as Paul, believed that the Torah was no longer binding because of Jesus' death and resurrection. In the middle were Christians who believed Gentiles should follow some of the Torah but not all of it. 1235:. The Sadducees were mainly Jerusalem aristocrats intent on maintaining control over Jewish politics and religion. Sadducee religion was focused on the Temple and its rituals. The Pharisees emphasized personal piety and interpreted the Torah in ways that provided religious guidance for daily life. Unlike Sadducees, the Pharisees believed in the 8284:.2: the "...Church founded and organized at Rome by the two most glorious apostles, Peter and Paul; as also the faith preached to men, which comes down to our time by means of the successions of the bishops. ...The blessed apostles, then, having founded and built up the Church, committed into the hands of Linus the office of the episcopate." 8299:... Church founded and organized at Rome by the two most glorious apostles, Peter and Paul; as also the faith preached to men, which comes down to our time by means of the successions of the bishops. ...The blessed apostles, then, having founded and built up the Church, committed into the hands of Linus the office of the episcopate. 7762:: "we decree that the see of Constantinople shall have equal privileges with the see of Old Rome, and shall be highly regarded in ecclesiastical matters as that is, and shall be second after it. After Constantinople shall be ranked the See of Alexandria, then that of Antioch, and afterwards the See of Jerusalem." 8360:"In the life of Peter there is no starting point for a chain of succession to the leadership of the church at large." While Cullman believed the Matthew 16:18 text is entirely valid and is in no way spurious, he says it cannot be used as "warrant of the papal succession."— "Religion: Peter & the Rock." 9014:

We are Christians by the one name of the Messiah. As regards our customs our brethren abstain from everything that is contrary to their profession.... Parthian Christians do not take two wives.... Our Bactrian sisters do not practice promiscuity with strangers. Persians do not take their daughters to

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should be honoured, let him, saving its due dignity to the Metropolis, have the next place of honour."; "It is very hard to determine just what was the "precedence" granted to the Bishop of Aelia, nor is it clear which is the metropolis referred to in the last clause. Most writers, including Hefele,

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nomads of the interior, who were chiefly herdsmen and unreceptive to foreign control, and the inhabitants of the settled communities of the coastal areas and oases, who were either middlemen traders or farmers and were receptive to influences from abroad. Christianity apparently gained its strongest

1619:

Whether through some mass delusion, some colossal act of wishful thinking, or through witness to a power or force beyond any definition known to Western historical analysis, those who had known Jesus in life and had felt the shattering disappointment of his death proclaimed that he lived still, that

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Cullman, Oscar "In the New Testament is the only church of which we hear that Peter stood at its head. Of other episcopates of Peter we know nothing certain. Concerning Antioch, indeed ... there is a tradition, first appearing in the course of the second century, according to which Peter was its

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The number of men and women whose names have been ascertained, and who were martyred at this period, has been computed to be upwards of sixteen thousand, while the multitude of martyrs whose names are unknown was so great that the Persians, the Syrians, and the inhabitants of Edessa, have failed in

5420:

caused Shapur to start distrusting his Christian subjects. He started seeing them as agents of a foreign enemy. The wars between the Sasanian and Roman empires turned Shapur's mistrust into hostility. After the death of Constantine, Shapur II, who had been preparing for a war against the Romans for

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the founder of the church of Rome in that sense). There is no serious proof that he was the bishop (or local ecclesiastical officer) of the Roman church—a claim not made till the third century. Most likely he did not spend any major time at Rome before 58 when Paul wrote to the Romans, and so it

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In the Second Temple period, there was no consensus on who the messiah would be or what he would do. Most commonly, he was imagined to be an end times son of David going about the business of "executing judgment, defeating the enemies of God, reigning over a restored Israel, establishing unending

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and established it as the state religion, with the result that the Christians were increasingly subjected to repressive measures. Nevertheless, it was not until Christianity became the state religion in the West (380) that enmity toward Rome was focused on the Eastern Christians. After the Muslim

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It is accepted that Armenia became the first country to adopt Christianity as its state religion. Although it has long been claimed that Armenia was the first Christian kingdom, according to some scholars this has relied on a source by Agathangelos titled "The History of the Armenians", which has

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Romans had a negative perception of early Christians. The Roman historian Tacitus wrote that Christians were despised for their "abominations" and "hatred of humankind". The belief that Christians hated humankind could refer to their refusal to participate in social activities connected to pagan

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and its tributaries and along the coast. He preached to all classes of people and had about 170 converts, including members of the four principal castes. Later, stone crosses were erected at the places where churches were founded, and they became pilgrimage centres. In accordance with apostolic

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A Christian council was held at Edessa as early as 197. In 201 the city was devastated by a great flood, and the Christian church was destroyed. In 232, the Syriac Acts were written supposedly on the event of the relics of the Apostle Thomas being handed to the church in Edessa. Under Roman

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The Council of Jerusalem did not end the dispute, however. There are indications that James still believed the Torah was binding on Jewish Christians. Galatians 2:11-14 describe "people from James" causing Peter and other Jewish Christians in Antioch to break table fellowship with Gentiles.

5135:, after questioning the Apostle condemned him to death about the year AD 72. Anxious to avoid popular excitement, the King ordered Thomas conducted to a nearby mountain, where, after being allowed to pray, he was then stoned and stabbed to death with a lance wielded by an angry Brahmin. 1868:). Commerce and trade also played a role in Christianity's spread as Christian merchants traveled for business. Christianity appealed to marginalized groups (women, slaves) with its message that "in Christ there is neither Jew nor Greek, neither male nor female, neither slave nor free" ( 7941:: "As the rank of the various sees among themselves was gradually arranged according to the divisions of the empire, Caesarea became the metropolitan see; the Bishop of Ælia was merely one of its suffragans. The bishops from the siege under Hadrian (135) to Constantine (312) were:". 4565:

in 90 AD, where he was martyred in 125 AD. There is scant information about the continuity of Christianity in Malta in subsequent years, although tradition has it that there was a continuous line of bishops from the days of St. Paul to the time of Emperor Constantine.

5061:, Thomas was at first reluctant to accept this mission, but the Lord appeared to him in a night vision and compelled him to accompany an Indian merchant, Abbanes (or Habban), to his native place in northwest India. There, Thomas found himself in the service of the 3871:

However, Irenaeus does not say that either Peter or Paul was "bishop" of the Church in Rome and several historians have questioned whether Peter spent much time in Rome before his martyrdom. While the church in Rome was already flourishing when Paul wrote his

5639:

had taken Egypt. After several failed invasions the new rulers agreed to a treaty with Dongola allowing for peaceful coexistence and trade. This treaty held for six hundred years allowing Arab traders introducing Islam to Nubia and it gradually supplanted

8613:: "Through a misinterpretation of Acts 27:13, St. Paul was said to have preached the Gospel there, and to have consecrated his companion, St. Stephen, bishop; it is probable, however, that it was evangelized at an early period. The first bishop known is 9015:

wife. Medes do not desert their dying relations or bury them alive. Christians in Edessa do not kill their wives or sisters who commit fornication but keep them apart and commit them to the judgement of God. Christians in Hatra do not stone thieves.

6917:("making themselves foreskins"; I Macc. i. 15; Josephus, "Ant." xii. 5, § 1; Assumptio Mosis, viii.; I Cor. vii. 18; Tosef., Shab. xv. 9; Yeb. 72a, b; Yer. Peah i. 16b; Yeb. viii. 9a). All the more did the law-observing Jews defy the edict of 4853:

After becoming a Christianized nation, Armenia's former divine figure, Hayk, was labeled as "one of the giants" which brought down the divine status. Other originally known gods, such as Vahagn or Angegh, also had a change in status to kings.

5161:-speaking Christianity. it was the capital of an independent kingdom from 132 BC to AD 216, when it became tributary to Rome. Celebrated as an important centre of Greco-Syrian culture, Edessa was also noted for its Jewish community, with 1814:

According to the New Testament, Paul the apostle established Christian communities throughout the Mediterranean world. He is known to have also spent some time in Arabia. After preaching in Syria, he turned his attention to the cities of

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sent Addai (or Thaddaeus), to the king, with the result that the city was won to the Christian faith. In this mission he was accompanied by a disciple, Mari, and the two are regarded as co-founders of the church, according to the

8382:

of Rome, and at this time, which is indeed rather late, this foundation is traced back to Peter and Paul, an assertion that cannot be supported historically. Even here, however, nothing is said as yet of an episcopal office of

2426:, like Jews. Nonetheless, Romans were more lenient to Jews compared to Gentile Christians. Some anti-Christian Romans further distinguished between Jews and Christians by claiming that Christianity was "apostasy" from Judaism. 6572:: "Then we lose sight of James till St. Paul, three years after his conversion (A.D. 37), went up to Jerusalem. ... On the same occasion, the "pillars" of the Church, James, Peter, and John "gave to me (Paul) and Barnabas the 3884:, about 60–62. Most likely he did not spend any major time at Rome before 58 when Paul wrote to the Romans, and so it may have been only in the 60s and relatively shortly before his martyrdom that Peter came to the capital. 4692:

in 313, Evodius became the bishop of Seville and undertook the task of rebuilding the churches that had been damaged. It is believed that he may have constructed the church of San Vicente, which could have been the first

1879:

estimated that by AD 100 there were around 7,000 Christians (about 0.01 percent of the Roman Empire's population of 60 million). Separate Christian groups maintained contact with each other through letters, visits from

1872:). Christians also provided social services to the poor, sick, and widows. Women actively contributed to the Christian faith as disciples, missionaries, and more due to the large acceptance early Christianity offered. 2323:. While Jewish Christianity would remain important through the next few centuries, it would ultimately be pushed to the margins as Gentile Christianity became dominant. Jewish Christianity was also opposed by early 2315:). Joel Marcus, professor of Christian origins, suggests that Peter's position may have lain somewhere between James and Paul, but that he probably leaned more toward James. This is the start of a split between 4687:

were martyred in 303 for refusing to worship the idol Salambo. Prior to Sabinus, Marcellus is listed as a bishop of Seville in an ancient catalogue of prelates preserved in the "Codex Emilianensis". After the

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Contact with Grecian life, especially at the games of the arena , made this distinction obnoxious to the Hellenists, or antinationalists; and the consequence was their attempt to appear like the Greeks by

2239:, as the author of Acts relates, but other important matters arose as well, as the Apostolic Decree indicates. The dispute was between those, such as the followers of the "Pillars of the Church", led by 5173:, where the mission to the Gentiles was inaugurated. When early Christians were scattered abroad because of persecution, some found refuge at Edessa. Thus the Edessan church traced its origin to the 7982:"Philippi was the first European town in which St. Paul preached the Faith. He arrived there with Silas, Timothy, and Luke about the end of 52 A.D., on the occasion of his second Apostolic voyage." 10652: 1223:

The Maccabean Revolt caused Judaism to divide into competing sects with different theological and political goals, each adopting different stances towards Hellenization. The main sects were the

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there is no doubt that even before 190 A.D. Christianity had spread vigorously within Edessa and its surroundings and that (shortly after 201 or even earlier?) the royal house joined the church

3523:, when he arrived at Athens, he immediately sent for Silas and Timotheos who had stayed behind in Berœa. While waiting for them, Paul explored Athens and visited the synagogue, as there was a 3997:(189–198) was the first ecclesiastical writer known to have written in Latin; however, his only extant works are his encyclicals, which would naturally have been issued in Latin and Greek. 631: 4034:

The Roman church survived various persecutions. Among the prominent Christians executed as a result of their refusal to perform acts of worship to the Roman gods as ordered by emperor

2255:, who called himself "Apostle to the Gentiles", who believed there was no such necessity. The main concern for the Apostle Paul, which he subsequently expressed in greater detail with 6964:

portrays the foreskin, often drawn in meticulous detail, as an emblem of male beauty; and children with congenitally short foreskins were sometimes subjected to a treatment, known as

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prohibiting circumcision (I Macc. i. 48, 60; ii. 46); and the Jewish women showed their loyalty to the Law, even at the risk of their lives, by themselves circumcising their sons.

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or the Roman province of southern Spain. The origin of the diocese of Seville can be traced back to Apostolic times, or at least to the first century AD. Gerontius, the bishop of

4127: 5044:(modern Iran) and India. By the time of the establishment of the Second Persian Empire (AD 226), there were bishops of the Church of the East in northwest India, Afghanistan and 10360: 8378:

bishop. The assertion that he was Bishop of Rome we first find at a much later time. From the second half of the second century we do possess texts that mention the apostolic

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The story of how this tiny community of believers spread to many cities of the Roman Empire within less than a century is indeed a remarkable chapter in the history of humanity.

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was written around 56 as a fourth letter discussing his proposed plans for the future, instructions, unity, and his defense of apostolic authority. The earliest evidence of the

1580: 5821:

By the year 100, more than 40 Christian communities existed in cities around the Mediterranean, including two in North Africa, at Alexandria and Cyrene, and several in Italy.

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Then the Angel of the Lord said to Philip, Start out and go south to the road that leads down from Jerusalem to Gaza, which is desert. And he arose and went: And behold, a

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The presence of Arabians at Pentecost and Paul's three-year sojourn in Arabia suggest a very early gospel witness. A 4th-century church history, states that the apostle

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is probably its most known author. It produced superior scripture and notable church fathers, such as Clement, Origen, and Athanasius; also noteworthy were the nearby

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he loved them still, and that he was to return to earth from the Heaven which he had now entered, to love and save from destruction all who acknowledged him as Lord.

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Social and professional networks played an important part in spreading the religion as members invited interested outsiders to secret Christian assemblies (Greek:

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The original seat of Roman imperial power soon became a center of church authority, grew in power decade by decade, and was recognized during the period of the

11218: 6662:"The Ideal Prepuce in Ancient Greece and Rome: Male Genital Aesthetics and Their Relation to Lipodermos, Circumcision, Foreskin Restoration, and the Kynodesme" 5355:, had taken on more and more the role that Edessa had played in the early years, as a centre from which Christianity spread to the rest of the Persian Empire. 1992:

meal. Initially, Christians kept the Jewish custom of fasting on Mondays and Thursdays. Later, the Christian fast days shifted to Wednesdays and Fridays (see

11710: 4835: 2610: 5440:, contains considerable detail on the Persian Christians martyred under Shapur II. Sozomen estimates the total number of Christians killed as follows: 8190: 9624: 5083:

Piecing together the various traditions, the story suggests that Thomas left northwest India when invasion threatened, and traveled by vessel to the

3342:), he is described as being led by those he was traveling with, blinded by the light, to Damascus where his sight was restored by a disciple called 12524: 7863:. It was made illustrious by a lineage of learned doctors such as Pantænus, Clement of Alexandria, and Origen; it has been governed by a series of 5627:

priest named Julian converted the king and his nobles of Nobatia around 545 and another kingdom of Alodia converted around 569. By the 7th century

8726:

Hewson, Robert H. (1975). ""The Primary History of Armenia": An Examination of the Validity of an Immemorially Transmitted Historical Tradition".

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Hewson, Robert H. (1975). ""The Primary History of Armenia": An Examination of the Validity of an Immemorially Transmitted Historical Tradition".

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to them from Corinth (c. 58) he attests to a large Christian community already there and greets some fifty people in Rome by name, but not Peter,

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Thiessen, Matthew (September 2014). Breytenbach, Cilliers; Thom, Johan (eds.). "Paul's Argument against Gentile Circumcision in Romans 2:17-29".

621: 7055:

Bockmuehl, Markus (January 1995). "The Noachide Commandments and New Testament Ethics: with Special Reference to Acts 15 and Pauline Halakhah".

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as a continuous narrative, whose original language may have been Syriac, Greek, or even Latin, circulated widely in Syriac-speaking Churches.

12178: 11301: 9929: 3842: 2586: 2369:. The city, including the Jewish Temple, was destroyed and the population was mostly killed or removed. According to a tradition recorded by 17: 4337:(born c. 330) who was bishop in 374–397 and one of the most influential ecclesiastical figures of the 4th century. Duchesne argues that the 3527:. A Christian community was quickly established in Athens, although it may not have been large initially. A common tradition identifies the 3326:

and claims to be the oldest continuously inhabited city in the world. According to the New Testament, the Apostle Paul was converted on the

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to renounce his old religion in favour of Christianity. Barnabas is traditionally identified as the founder of the Cypriot Orthodox Church.

2570:, but Christians refused to acknowledge him as such. When Bar Kokhba was defeated, Hadrian barred Jews from the city, except for the day of 10637: 1651:

While they do not provide new information, non-Christian sources do confirm certain information found in the gospels. The Jewish historian

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which served to authenticate his message and reveal a foretaste of the coming kingdom. The gospel accounts conclude with a description of

11101: 9596: 4472:, preceded only by Antioch. Paul also preached in Syracuse. Historical evidence from the middle of the third century, during the time of 3044: 5584:

of great authority under Candace, Queen of E-thi-o'pi-ans, who had the charge of all her treasure, and had come to Jerusalem to worship.

2050:. The church had returned to Jerusalem by AD 135, but the disruptions severely weakened the Jerusalem church's influence over the wider 12134: 10674: 9778: 1057:, who served as an intermediary between the Jewish people and the empire. This arrangement continued after the region was conquered by 1002: 5197:

conquest in the 7th century, the caliphate tolerated other faiths but forbade proselytism and subjected Christians to heavy taxation.

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following his conversion to Christianity. After ruling the Maltese Church for thirty-one years, Publius was transferred to the See of

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and an afterlife. The Essenes rejected Temple worship, which they believed was defiled by wicked priests. They were part of a broader

11685: 9980: 8205:

Historians debate whether or not the Roman government distinguished between Christians and Jews prior to Nerva's modification of the

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communicated to Jesus, requesting he come and heal him, to which appeal he received a reply. It is said that after the resurrection,

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King, Gondophares. The Apostle's ministry resulted in many conversions throughout the kingdom, including the king and his brother.

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in 52. From there he preached the gospel throughout the Malabar Coast. The various churches he founded were located mainly on the

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After the death of Jesus, his followers established Christian groups in cities, such as Jerusalem. The movement quickly spread to

1382:. Jesus left no writings of his own, and most information about him comes from early Christian writings that now form part of the 903: 10408: 8337:

As for Peter, we have no knowledge at all of when he came to Rome and what he did there before he was martyred. Certainly he was

7505: 4818: 4419: 3797: 3418: 824: 5119:(earlier Madras), where a local king and many people were converted. One tradition related that he went from there to China via 1302: 11567: 11557: 11321: 11253: 11121: 10365: 10273: 10004: 9924: 9872: 9670: 8568:

Byzantine Rome and the Greek Popes: Eastern Influences on Rome and the Papacy from Gregory the Great to Zacharias, A.D. 590-752

5661: 4391: 2347: 2224:. However, modern scholars dispute the connection between Acts 15 and the seven Noahide laws. In roughly the same time period, 731: 678: 8687: 2767:. It was the site of an early church traditionally said to be founded by Peter; later traditions also attributed the role of 12146: 9882: 9617: 9567: 9552: 9538: 9523: 9490: 9454: 9432: 9398: 9374: 9339: 9315: 9238: 9214: 9190: 9167: 9146: 9120: 9096: 9050: 8636: 8580: 8475: 8266: 8242: 8230: 8218: 8150: 8032: 7911: 7815: 7624: 7546: 7303: 7256: 7194: 7127: 7027: 6858: 6641: 6421: 6344: 5845: 5814: 5671: 5108:

custom, Thomas ordained teachers and leaders or elders, who were reported to be the earliest ministry of the Malabar church.

3707:, was a Greek colony in North Africa later converted to a Roman province. In addition to Greeks and Romans, there was also a 2888:). Some postulate, however, that Alexandria was not only a center of Christianity, but was also a center for Christian-based 2343: 1970: 5123:

in Malaysia, and after spending some time there, returned to the Chennai area. Apparently his renewed ministry outraged the

12271: 10659: 7700:; while Zonaras thinks Jerusalem to be intended, a view recently adopted and defended by Fuchs; others again suppose it is 6505:

15. On the flight to Pella see: Jonathan Bourgel, "'The Jewish Christians' Move from Jerusalem as a pragmatic choice", in:

5744: 5676: 3278:. According to Acts, the apostles were persecuted by the Romans but eventually succeeded in convincing the Roman commander 2759:, it is said that it was at Antioch where followers of Jesus were first called Christians; it was also the location of the 653: 4398: 2658:(attributed to Hadrian) that had been built over the site. Jerusalem had received special recognition in Canon VII of the 12309: 10854: 6669: 4372: 3056: 616: 5146:, which was held by Rome from 116 to 118 and 212 to 214, but was mostly a client kingdom associated either with Rome or 2783:

was its third bishop. The School of Antioch, founded in 270, was one of two major centers of early church learning. The

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The Emperor's Mother Helena having come to Jerusalem, searches for and finds the Cross of Christ, and builds a Church.

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also wrote apologies during this time. By the second century, Athens likely had a significant Christian community, as

12519: 12514: 12509: 12504: 12195: 11294: 11091: 6308: 5686: 5057:

connects the apostle's Indian ministry with two kings, one in the north and the other in the south. According to the

4999: 4438: 3482: 2948: 2816: 2663: 2430:, for example, considered Jewish Christians to be hypocrites for claiming that they embraced their Jewish heritage. 2172:, this meeting (among other things) confirmed the legitimacy of the evangelizing mission of Barnabas and Paul to the 915: 79: 57: 8410: 5127:, who were fearful lest Christianity undermine their social caste system. So according to the Syriac version of the 5048:(including parts of Iran, Afghanistan, and Pakistan), with laymen and clergy alike engaging in missionary activity. 4405: 3481:

from Ephesus approximately in 54-55 which focused on sexual immorality, divorces, lawsuits, and resurrections. The

3435:, Paul said he intended to go there. It is possible that there were some Christians in its population. According to 50: 12439: 10869: 10768: 10227: 9760: 9755: 9750: 9745: 9740: 9735: 9730: 9725: 9720: 9715: 9710: 9705: 9610: 8712: 6796: 4924:, gained its autocephaly and developed its doctrinal specificity progressively between the 5th and 10th centuries. 3535:. The succeeding bishops were not all of Athenian descent: Narkissos was believed to have come from Palestine, and 3478: 3019:

was home to Polycarp, the bishop who reportedly knew the Apostle John personally, and probably also to his student

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mentioned three times in the New Testament. Inhabitants of Pontus were some of the first converts to Christianity.

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likely held leadership positions in the surrounding area after the destruction of the city until its rebuilding as

1260: 688: 7771:

Cross, F. L., ed. The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. New York: Oxford University Press. 2005, article

11706: 11604: 11572: 10954: 10684: 10423: 10380: 10263: 10253: 10063: 10026: 9700: 9695: 9690: 9685: 9680: 9675: 9665: 5666: 4843: 3846: 3096: 2003:

James was killed on the order of the high priest in AD 62. He was succeeded as leader of the Jerusalem church by

1727: 950: 423: 5381:(c. 160–230), there were already a number of bishoprics within the Persian Empire by 220. By 315, the bishop of 4166:" and "the founder of Western theology." Carthage remained an important center of Christianity, hosting several 1247:

were at hand when God would restore Israel. Roman rule exacerbated these religious tensions and led the radical

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and continued to worship at the Temple. In commemoration of Jesus' resurrection, they gathered on Sunday for a

1732:

The decades after the crucifixion of Jesus are known as the Apostolic Age because the Disciples (also known as

626: 571: 11365: 1329:

peace". Yet, there were other kinds of messianic figures proposed as well—the perfect priest or the celestial

12205: 11527: 11258: 11248: 11012: 10669: 10467: 10437: 10278: 10129: 10082: 9820: 9580: 9233:. Vol. 1 The Early Church to the Dawn of the Reformation (revised and updated ed.). HarperCollins. 3657: 3524: 3206: 2260: 1733: 1475: 1471: 875: 761: 332: 286: 254: 5520:

was built in the 4th century. Arabia's close relations with Ethiopia give significance to the conversion of

3124: 1482:

a future when God actively rules over the world in justice, mercy, and peace). Jesus urged his followers to

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to the queen of Ethiopia, not to mention the tradition that the Apostle Matthew was assigned to this land.

4806: 4517:

According to Acts, Paul was shipwrecked and ministered on an island which some scholars have identified as

3708: 2857: 2555: 2525: 2300: 9591: 2755:, as well as a key locus of trade that made it the third-most important city of the Roman Empire. In the 12499: 12281: 12062: 11924: 10811: 10457: 10442: 10428: 10335: 10325: 9815: 9130: 8346:

may have been only in the 60s and relatively shortly before his martyrdom that Peter came to the capital.

8233:, pp. 33–34.; Boatwright, Mary Taliaferro & Gargola, Daniel J & Talbert, Richard John Alexander, 8018: 6303: 5761: 5189: 3048: 3004: 1789:

and one of the most important cities in the empire. Early Christians referred to themselves as brethren,

1306: 561: 264: 9447:

The First One Hundred Years of Christianity: An Introduction to Its History, Literature, and Development

5150:, was an important Christian city. Shortly after 201 or even earlier, its royal house became Christian. 4679:(Seville), likely appointed a pastor for Seville. A bishop of Seville named Sabinus participated in the 3511:, the capital and largest city in Greece, was visited by Paul. He probably traveled by sea, arriving at 2070: 12391: 12353: 11840: 10462: 10330: 10134: 7489: 5756: 4584: 4525:) for three months during which time he is said to have been bitten by a poisonous viper and survived ( 3532: 3486: 2988: 2877: 2872:. The Council of Nicaea in canon VI affirmed Alexandria's traditional authority over Egypt, Libya, and 2641: 2606: 2575: 2515: 2366: 2016: 2008: 1483: 1213: 883: 7718: 7713: 5631:

expanded becoming the dominant power in the region so strong enough to halt the southern expansion of

3027:

is also believed to have been a student of John the Apostle. In the 2nd century, Anatolia was home to

2980: 2445:

at this time. Nero was deposed in AD 68, and the persecution of Christians ceased. Under the emperors

12434: 12424: 12386: 12141: 11951: 11919: 11873: 11850: 11241: 10724: 10188: 10078: 8937: 8912: 8004: 6577: 5231: 5029: 4862: 4639: 4635: 4526: 4456: 4015:

During the 2nd century, Christians and semi-Christians of diverse views congregated in Rome, notably

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was "a native of Cyprus", came to Cyprus and reached Paphos preaching the message of Jesus, see also

2582: 2511: 2276: 2236: 1939: 1925: 1917: 1707: 1629: 1588: 1134: 658: 611: 601: 456: 296: 259: 9065: 8551: 4530: 3339: 3335: 3275: 12414: 12319: 12314: 12129: 12094: 12020: 11976: 11971: 11768: 11594: 11439: 11336: 11331: 11263: 11231: 11126: 10806: 10619: 10112: 10048: 9209:. Vol. 1: From the Beginnings to the Council of Chalcedon (revised ed.). Abingdon Press. 8142: 6890: 5604: 4945: 4917: 4870: 4631: 4115: 4107: 4047: 3960: 3528: 3502: 3494: 3331: 3303: 3230: 2764: 2715: 2541: 1236: 726: 673: 44: 10647: 8524: 7991: 7783: 7577:

at the time of the First Council of Nicaea, which marks the end of the Early Christianity period (

6529:

P. H. R. van Houwelingen, "Fleeing forward: The departure of Christians from Jerusalem to Pella",

4974:

that states a Knowledge editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic.

3815: 3736: 3716: 3446: 1542:

by this time) to symbolize the full restoration of Israel that would be accomplished through him.

1184:). Judaism was thereafter both culturally and politically part of the Hellenistic world; however, 112: 12099: 11833: 11738: 11627: 11577: 11434: 11351: 11326: 10534: 10474: 10350: 10232: 10031: 9633: 9586: 8817: 8541: 8466: 8319: 7339: 6625: 6405: 5681: 5309: 5073: 5037: 4949: 4874: 4866: 4760: 4365: 4326: 4088: 3770: 3740: 3728: 3271: 3165: 3157: 3008: 2800: 2776: 2659: 2567: 2415: 2351: 2240: 2121: 2089: 2062: 1955: 1791: 1675: 1657: 1611:. Jesus' victory over death became the central belief of Christianity. In the words of historian 1491: 856: 808: 800: 736: 693: 468: 317: 7903: 7897: 6515:

https://www.academia.edu/4909339/THE_JEWISH_CHRISTIANS_MOVE_FROM_JERUSALEM_AS_A_PRAGMATIC_CHOICE

4412: 3732: 12419: 12010: 11868: 11810: 11701: 11680: 11445: 11194: 11081: 10699: 10320: 10241: 10217: 9649: 8627:

Portella, Mario Alexis; Woldegaber, O. Cist Abba Abraham Buruk (2012). Pringle, Brendan (ed.).

7233:"Part II: Christian Origins and Development – Paul and the Development of Gentile Christianity" 7115: 6613: 5077: 4784: 4607: 4296: 4254: 3899: 3881: 3310: 3160:, considered the first gentile convert. Paul sought refuge there, once staying at the house of 2984: 2972: 2926: 2911: 2748: 2197: 1772: 1608: 1158: 1092: 970: 946: 812: 606: 418: 301: 61: 7755: 7279: 7232: 7166: 6393: 5536:

as a missionary to the nations of the East", including southwest Arabia, on his way to India.

4338: 2880:) and probably granted Alexandria the right to declare a universal date for the observance of 1486:

in preparation for the kingdom's coming. His ethical teachings included loving one's enemies (

12478: 12077: 11803: 11612: 11515: 11470: 11399: 11189: 11131: 11022: 11017: 10895: 10889: 10689: 10237: 10202: 10107: 10021: 9803: 8572: 8566: 7536: 7119: 6850: 6840: 6609: 6389: 6334: 5569: 5184:

The Church of the East had its inception at a very early date in the buffer zone between the

5062: 5017: 4941: 4839: 4723:

History of the Church of England § Roman and Sub-Roman Christianity in the British Isles

4497: 4262: 4143: 3873: 3774: 3685: 3552: 3314: 3202: 3161: 2944: 2853: 2675: 2645: 2374: 2332: 2193: 2125: 2039: 1959: 1840: 1633: 1600: 1584: 1354: 1181: 1054: 1019: 992: 836: 556: 362: 347: 271: 160: 125: 96: 8072: 8048: 4977: 4162:

extensively in his theological writings. As such, Tertullian has been called "the father of

3852:, reflecting the ancient view that the church could not be fully present anywhere without a 2678:, which legalized Christianity in the Roman Empire. Jerusalem was later named as one of the 1938:. The apostles lived and taught there for some time after Pentecost. According to Acts, the 1884:, and the sharing of common texts, some of which were later collected in the New Testament. 12299: 12249: 12234: 12111: 11820: 11720: 11670: 11665: 11622: 11582: 11510: 11179: 11136: 11086: 10874: 10826: 10821: 10796: 10632: 10586: 10489: 10479: 10315: 10308: 10159: 10073: 9845: 9835: 9798: 9408: 9350: 8907: 8431: 7864: 7746:(687–701) refused to sign, and the canons were never fully accepted by the Western Church". 7739: 7723: 6633: 6413: 5045: 4710: 4706: 4694: 4680: 4549:, to stand trial before the Emperor. Many traditions are associated with this episode, and 4480:

provides clear indications of Christian activity in the second century as well. Across the

4196: 4167: 4139: 4135: 4099: 4071: 3811: 3803: 3756: 3531:

as the first bishop of the Christian community in Athens, while another tradition mentions

3458: 3295: 3226: 3024: 2868:. By the end of the era, Alexandria, Rome, and Antioch were accorded authority over nearby 2820: 2731: 2626: 2602: 2500: 2419: 2331:

tried to kill him, James appears as the principal authority of the early Christian church.

2320: 2169: 2165: 1984:

At this early date, Christianity was still a Jewish sect. Christians in Jerusalem kept the

1852: 1848: 1741: 1596: 1038: 996: 921:

Many early Christians were merchants and others who had practical reasons for traveling to

887: 382: 155: 9224: 9200: 8209:

in 96. From then on, practising Jews paid the tax, Christians did not. Wylen, Stephen M.,

7666: 4861:

in 301, when it was still illegal in the Roman Empire. According to church tradition, the

3905: 3497:

written to the Corinthian church, dated around 96. The bishops in Corinth include Apollo,

2528:

based on a German documentary. The church is claimed to be at the site of Calvary and the

8: 12468: 12444: 12429: 12348: 12338: 12324: 12304: 12294: 12264: 12244: 12173: 11904: 11733: 11660: 11490: 11419: 11346: 11203: 11184: 10924: 10919: 10846: 10564: 10539: 10418: 10398: 10345: 10246: 10144: 10041: 10009: 9953: 9325: 8545: 7111: 6918: 6900: 6895: 5451: 5300:. In the meanwhile Christian priests from Edessa had evangelized Eastern Mesopotamia and 5253: 5143: 4802: 4702: 4575: 4506: 4292: 4230: 4188: 3972: 3877: 3548: 3540: 3343: 3242: 3210: 2922: 2869: 2861: 2841: 2796: 2780: 2760: 2618: 2551: 2423: 2390: 2382: 2362: 2312: 2296: 2047: 2004: 1612: 1535: 1523: 1290: 1185: 1058: 1053:, there was no longer a native Jewish monarchy. Instead, political power devolved to the 749: 744: 708: 463: 435: 377: 322: 244: 8518: 7684: 7590: 7578: 5732: 2124:). As Gentiles joined the young Christian movement, the question of whether they should 1569:

The gospel accounts provide insight into what early Christians believed about Jesus. As

941:, and other regions. Over 40 such communities were established by the year 100, many in 12343: 12289: 12200: 12190: 11981: 11896: 11845: 11151: 10901: 10831: 10748: 10736: 10713: 10509: 10283: 10124: 10068: 10058: 9860: 9280: 9179: 9135: 8743: 8669: 8614: 7438: 7422: 7377: 7208: 7082: 7070: 7015: 6782: 6698: 5413: 5333: 5225: 5033: 4901: 4822: 4731:

by the third century of the Christian era, the first recorded martyrs in Britain being

4643: 4542: 4452: 4274: 4258: 4206: 4163: 4067: 4063: 4035: 4024: 3988: 3976: 3910: 3880:. There is also no mention of Peter in Rome later during Paul's two-year stay there in 3834: 3673: 3641: 3613: 3609: 3593: 3570: 3400: 3376: 3217:(d. 420) visited and studied at the library which was later destroyed, probably by the 3169: 3128: 3068: 2964: 2885: 2812: 2784: 2752: 2707: 2479: 2438: 2217: 1881: 1628:

between God and his people. The apostle Paul, in his epistles, taught that Jesus makes

1604: 1479: 1294: 1267: 1197: 1169: 488: 481: 372: 367: 237: 165: 10222: 8392: 8294: 8281: 4912:) in 319. The conversion of Kartli to Christianity is credited to a Greek lady called 4557:, the Roman Governor of Malta at the time of Saint Paul's shipwreck, became the first 3955:

The earliest Bishops of Rome were all Greek-speaking, the most notable of them being:

3266:

during the Roman years and seat of a Roman commander. In 45 AD, the apostles Paul and

2667: 12380: 12259: 12165: 12089: 11988: 11961: 11880: 11828: 11778: 11537: 11505: 11500: 11495: 11485: 11475: 11424: 11076: 10995: 10990: 10944: 10884: 10753: 10549: 9934: 9855: 9793: 9563: 9548: 9534: 9519: 9496: 9486: 9474: 9450: 9428: 9419:. Vol. 1: Origins to Constantine. Cambridge University Press. pp. 103–124. 9394: 9370: 9335: 9311: 9284: 9272: 9234: 9210: 9186: 9163: 9142: 9116: 9092: 9046: 8632: 8576: 8471: 8262: 8238: 8226: 8214: 8146: 8028: 7907: 7876: 7811: 7731: 7697: 7630: 7620: 7542: 7430: 7397: 7369: 7309: 7299: 7287: 7252: 7212: 7200: 7190: 7123: 7074: 7033: 7023: 6961: 6854: 6808: 6804: 6753: 6749: 6732: 6690: 6637: 6417: 6340: 5841: 5810: 5706: 5405: 5277: 5237: 5221: 4929: 4921: 4893: 4788: 4764: 4698: 4659: 4615: 4550: 4510: 4481: 4009: 3849: 3578: 3234: 3133: 3036: 2967:, although modern Bible scholars believe that it to be authored by a different John, 2788: 2772: 2768: 2727: 2655: 2563: 2394: 2185: 1832: 1674:, provides a brief summary of Jesus' life, but the original text has been altered by 1670: 1637: 1592: 1444: 1399: 1395: 1368: 1364: 1173: 1162: 1062: 713: 683: 663: 596: 546: 474: 291: 150: 140: 10939: 9361:. Vol. 1: Origins to Constantine. Cambridge University Press. pp. 87–102. 9181:

Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews: A Jewish Life and the Emergence of Christianity

9141:. The Penguin History of the Church. Vol. 1 (revised ed.). Penguin Books. 6702: 4827:

Christianity also spread beyond the Roman Empire during the early Christian period.

3822:

reached the latter city, indicating that belief in Jesus in Rome had preceded Paul.

2702: 2478:) authorized a new persecution against the Christians. It was at this time that the 12124: 11966: 11941: 11520: 11480: 10836: 10776: 10164: 10149: 9850: 9830: 9825: 9808: 9788: 9482: 9420: 9362: 9264: 9174: 8735: 8691: 8661: 7893: 7692: 7612: 7517: 7414: 7410: 7361: 7295: 7182: 7005: 6836: 6800: 6745: 6682: 6629: 6478: 6409: 6188: 5645: 5577: 5557: 5521: 5305: 5166: 5112: 5021: 4909: 4897: 4878: 4798: 4780: 4740: 4684: 4668: 4596: 4461: 4081: 3964: 3918: 3861: 3819: 3807: 3744: 3661: 3589: 3454: 3432: 3368: 3359: 3327: 3254: 3245:

is recognized by many textual scholars as one of the earliest New Testament types.

3184: 3180: 3092: 3040: 3028: 2932: 2828: 2630: 2614: 2546: 2442: 2402: 2398: 2324: 2316: 2256: 2252: 2244: 2225: 2161: 2151: 2098: 2077: 2051: 2028: 2024: 1997: 1947: 1931: 1737: 1713: 1641: 1527: 1467: 1459: 1391: 1387: 1103: 911: 910:) literally means "assembly", "gathering", or "congregation" but is translated as " 899: 891: 848: 698: 591: 342: 214: 145: 9040: 6992:[The Noahid Laws: A Pre-Sinaitic Mini-Torah for Humanity and for Israel]. 5220:(c. AD 400) (from information in the royal archives of Edessa) describes how King 5087:

along the southwestern coast of the Indian continent, possibly visiting southeast

4218: 3696: 3477:

by Priscilla to replace him. Paul returned to Corinth at least once. He wrote the

1470:. Jesus began his own ministry when he was around 30 years old around the time of 12333: 12239: 12030: 11728: 11209: 11111: 11049: 10791: 10742: 10288: 9943: 9468: 9464: 9388: 9384: 9329: 9305: 9228: 9204: 9155: 9110: 8414: 8206: 8194: 8022: 7638: 7343: 7275: 7103: 6990:"Les lois noaẖides: Une mini-Torah pré-sinaïtique pour l'humanité et pour Israël" 6874: 6727: 5766: 5620: 5597: 5553: 5401: 5340: 5185: 5158: 4772: 4546: 4329:

and others were martyred there. It has long maintained its own rite known as the

4312: 4103: 3720: 3367:, the major northern Greek city where it is believed Christianity was founded by 3218: 3149: 3145: 3060: 2735: 2378: 2284: 2272: 2043: 1844: 1836: 1828: 1539: 1272: 1138: 1077: 832: 536: 445: 9026:

John Stewart, Nestorian Missionary Enterprise (Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1928)

8967: 6886: 4553:

testify to an Early Christian community on the islands. According to tradition,

4209:, were early centers of Christianity. Major Christian communities were found in 4178: 4091:, south of the Mediterranean from Rome, gave the early church the Latin fathers 1345: 12329: 12229: 12025: 11914: 11860: 11793: 11773: 11532: 11373: 11213: 11199: 11174: 11169: 10960: 10934: 10864: 10679: 10581: 10576: 10559: 10499: 10393: 10340: 10169: 10089: 9938: 8792: 7743: 7178: 7057: 6878: 6661: 6254: 5485:

foothold in the ancient center of Semitic civilization in South-west Arabia or

5426: 5320:

By the latter half of the 2nd century, Christianity had spread east throughout

5241:

further states that Thomas was regarded as an apostle of the church in Edessa.

5193: 5157:) in northwestern Mesopotamia was from apostolic times the principal center of 5154: 5053: 5024:, who continued on to southern India, and possibly as far as Malaysia or China. 4792: 4689: 4538: 4330: 4300: 4288: 4250: 4246: 4187:, in Lyon. The pole in the arena is a memorial to the people killed during the 4159: 4119: 3956: 3945: 3934: 3887: 3785: 3411:, which is often considered the first contact of Christianity with Europe. The 3279: 3116: 3088: 2968: 2865: 2856:

is recognized by scholars as one of the earliest New Testament types. It had a

2671: 2483: 2201: 1869: 1570: 1440: 1425: 1414: 1322: 1240: 1150: 1142: 1042: 582: 541: 521: 392: 357: 209: 130: 9424: 9366: 8596:

Gonzáles, Justo L. (2010). "The Early Church to the Dawn of the Reformation".

8145:; The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (Oxford University Press 2005 7418: 7204: 6781:

Schultheiss, Dirk; Truss, Michael C.; Stief, Christian G.; Jonas, Udo (1998).

3802:

Exactly when Christians first appeared in Rome is difficult to determine. The

3164:, and later being imprisoned there for two years (estimated to be 57–59). The 2719: 12493: 12254: 12185: 12035: 11743: 11383: 11378: 11116: 11053: 11042: 10929: 10816: 10719: 10707: 10571: 10544: 10484: 9963: 9783: 9500: 9470:

Justification by Faith: The Origin and Development of a Central Pauline Theme

9412: 9354: 9276: 9248: 9088: 8610: 8095: 7975: 7961: 7950: 7938: 7926: 7856: 7803: 7655: 7485: 7434: 7426: 7373: 7313: 7284:

Justification by Faith: The Origin and Development of a Central Pauline Theme

7240: 7078: 7037: 7019: 6939: 6882: 6566: 5778: 5752: 5549: 5513: 5174: 5104: 5084: 4768: 4728: 4554: 4465: 3994: 3980: 3949: 3692: 3653: 3577:

is believed to have been the first bishop. The city was sacked by the pirate

3559:, bishop of Rome, write a letter to the community in Athens in the year 139. 3536: 3516: 3490: 3466: 3457:, Paul stayed eighteen months in Corinth to preach. He initially stayed with 3372: 2976: 2594: 2571: 2529: 2328: 2292: 2221: 2189: 1978: 1951: 1913: 1876: 1645: 1383: 1334: 1209: 1189: 1177: 1027: 1012: 871: 864: 860: 495: 402: 199: 194: 8999: 8261:

The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (Oxford University Press 2005

7642: 7634: 7108:

The Acts of the Apostles: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary

6944:

Approaches to Ancient Judaism, New Series: Religious and Theological Studies

5276:, Bishop of Edessa (412–435), forbade its use. This arrangement of the four 1114:, who ruled as kings and high priests. This independence would last until 63 1110:

BC, which culminated in the establishment of an independent Judea under the

12067: 12015: 11946: 11936: 11617: 11549: 11414: 11310: 11141: 11071: 10949: 10758: 10729: 10596: 10293: 10036: 9995: 9449:. Translated by Thompson, James W. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Academic. 9442: 9301: 9300:

Klutz, Todd (2000). "Paul and the Development of Gentile Christianity". In

9288: 9268: 8461: 7735: 7346:(ed.). "Echoes of Intra-Jewish Polemic in Paul's Letter to the Galatians". 7186: 7010: 6989: 6694: 5641: 5616: 5517: 5501:

was always strong, and the royal family traces its ancestry to this queen.

5417: 5235:(c. AD 200), which is still the normal liturgy of the Assyrian church. The 5178: 5165:

in the royal family. Strategically located on the main trade routes of the

4588: 4476:, suggests that Christianity was thriving in Syracuse, and the presence of 4284: 4202: 4147: 4111: 4076: 4005: 4000:

Greek New Testament texts were translated into Latin early on, well before

3914: 3703:", south of the Mediterranean from Greece, the northeastern part of modern 3625: 3605: 3556: 3428: 3364: 3238: 3000: 2996: 2756: 2559: 2288: 2268: 2205: 2176:. It also confirmed that Gentile converts were not obligated to follow the 2081: 1935: 1865: 1824: 1625: 1553: 1531: 1511: 1487: 1463: 1282: 1201: 1123: 1119: 938: 895: 820: 804: 451: 224: 104: 9602: 9516:

The Christian Tradition: The Emergence of the Catholic Tradition (100–600)

8122:"The Saint Athanasius Monastery of Chirpan, the oldest cloister in Europe" 7619:(first ed.). New York & London: Garland Publishing. p. 490. 6812: 6757: 6686: 6506: 6298: 5404:, he was not initially hostile to his Christian subjects, who were led by 3453:

in southern Greece, was an early center of Christianity. According to the

12369: 12119: 12082: 11931: 11783: 11758: 11655: 10781: 10642: 10613: 10554: 10529: 10524: 10388: 10303: 10197: 10178: 9887: 9080: 8407: 7795: 7174: 6957: 6605: 6385: 6073: 5624: 5505: 5374: 5268: 5205: 4732: 4469: 4131: 4020: 3968: 3857: 3778: 3111: 2902: 2845: 2520: 2156: 1993: 1974: 1943: 1905: 1892: 1786: 1519: 1503: 1252: 1193: 934: 566: 526: 511: 397: 337: 281: 8341:

the original missionary who brought Christianity to Rome (and therefore

7691:: "Since custom and ancient tradition have prevailed that the Bishop of 7442: 7086: 6576:; that we should go unto the Gentiles, and they unto the circumcision" ( 5285: 4884:

Tiridates III was the first Christian king in Armenia from 298 to 330.

3766: 3547:

during his visit to Athens, contributing to early Christian literature.

2467:), Christians were largely ignored by the Roman government. The Emperor 2092:

was leader of the early Christian community in Jerusalem, and his other

1847:. Some of these groups had been started by Paul's missionary associates 1752: 1736:) were still alive. Important Christian sources for this period are the 1007: 12217: 11956: 11753: 11409: 11341: 11161: 10911: 10859: 10664: 10494: 10139: 9968: 9912: 9907: 9106: 8747: 8673: 7799: 7381: 7041: 6949: 6728:"Celsus' Decircumcision Operation: Medical and Historical Implications" 5649: 5608: 5533: 5509: 5467: 5390: 5378: 5297: 5162: 4776: 4748: 4736: 4533:), an event usually dated c. AD 60. Paul had been allowed passage from 4379: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 4123: 4095:(c. 120 – c. 220) and Cyprian (d. 258). Carthage fell to Islam in 698. 4092: 3941: 3865: 3789: 3431:, today a ruin on the northern part of the western Greek coast. In the 3346:(who is thought to have been the first bishop of Damascus) then he was 3214: 2971:(a Greek island about 30 miles off the Anatolian coast), that mentions 2889: 2849: 2837: 2833: 2649: 2264: 2229: 2177: 2133: 2113: 1901: 1816: 1330: 1205: 1130: 1111: 922: 506: 12374: 12222: 12057: 12047: 12040: 11998: 11993: 11788: 11748: 11156: 11106: 11032: 11027: 10801: 10786: 10514: 10504: 10207: 10193: 9917: 7248: 7165:

Black, C. Clifton; Smith, D. Moody; Spivey, Robert A., eds. (2019) .

5561: 5529: 5409: 5397: 5386: 5358: 5245: 5212:) about the middle of the 2nd century. An ancient legend recorded by 5012: 4925: 4600: 4513:, traditionally identified as the place where St Paul was shipwrecked 4477: 4226: 4051: 4050:; they ended in Rome, and the West in general, with the accession of 3793: 3712: 3629: 3621: 3574: 3498: 3424: 3299: 3290: 3173: 3100: 3080: 3076: 3052: 3032: 2992: 2679: 2598: 2446: 2355: 2117: 2093: 2085: 1989: 1909: 1244: 1228: 1224: 1217: 1154: 852: 844: 828: 668: 531: 501: 9545:

Christians and the Holy Places: The Myth of Jewish-Christian Origins

9292: 8739: 8665: 7365: 6311:

from the original on 9 March 2018 – via CenturyOne Foundation.

4892:

According to Orthodox tradition, Christianity was first preached in

4591:, was an early center of Christianity and today is a ruin in modern 4468:. Syracuse is one of the first Christian communities established by 4354: 2235:

The primary issue which was addressed related to the requirement of

823:, and beyond. Originally, this progression was closely connected to 11763: 11632: 11000: 10879: 10519: 10298: 10212: 9958: 9948: 9902: 9897: 9892: 8073:"Introduction to the Epistles to the Corinthians - Study Resources" 8049:"Introduction to the Epistles to the Corinthians - Study Resources" 7860: 6966: 6914: 6741: 5525: 5498: 5471: 5422: 5382: 5289: 5258: 5213: 5132: 5124: 4913: 4869:

of the late third – early fourth centuries after the conversion of

4756: 4744: 4676: 4619: 4502: 4488:

on the mainland was also probably an early center of Christianity.

4485: 4322: 4280: 4234: 4043: 4028: 3984: 3669: 3649: 3597: 3436: 3415: 3408: 3396: 3347: 3319: 3267: 3222: 3020: 3012: 2991:) is addressed to Anatolian regions. On the southeast shore of the 2936: 2792: 2714:, Turkey, said to be the spot where Saint Peter first preached the 2590: 2468: 2441:

of AD 64. It is possible that Peter and Paul were in Rome and were

2370: 2209: 2173: 2147: 2035: 2023:

70. Prophecies of the Second Temple's destruction are found in the

1820: 1778: 1703: 1652: 1545: 1451: 1314: 1192:

than among those living in the land of Israel. Diaspora Jews spoke

516: 387: 8600:. Vol. 1. New York: HarperCollins Publishers. pp. 91–93. 5989: 5593: 5480:

by the Christian gospel, it is helpful to distinguish between the

2327:, the successor to the Pharisees. When Peter left Jerusalem after 1973:. Peter, John and James were collectively recognized as the three 1819:. By the early 50s, he had moved on to Europe where he stopped in 12463: 12072: 12052: 11909: 11798: 11037: 10967: 10627: 10591: 9036: 8451:. New York: Oxford University Press. 2005, article "Victor I, St" 7701: 7280:"'Justification by Faith' and The Disposition of Paul's Argument" 5628: 5589: 5565: 5494: 5481: 5437: 5370: 5366: 5329: 5325: 5273: 5170: 5120: 5116: 5096: 5092: 5041: 4858: 4672: 4664: 4611: 4592: 4473: 4334: 4214: 4155: 4151: 4046:. The last and most severe of the imperial persecutions was that 4039: 4023:, and in the following century there were schisms connected with 4016: 3838: 3665: 3645: 3633: 3544: 3520: 3512: 3474: 3470: 3450: 3392: 3194: 3179:

After Hadrian's siege of Jerusalem (c. 133), Caesarea became the

2952: 2803:(325) as exercising jurisdiction over the adjoining territories. 2744: 2740: 2711: 2670:

in the Holy Land) is 313, which corresponds with the date of the

2537: 2397:. Prophecies of the Second Temple's destruction are found in the 2386: 2213: 2129: 2116:, people who believed in the truth of Judaism but had not become 1985: 1897: 1802: 1782: 1679: 1583:

in the Hebrew scriptures. Through the accounts of his miraculous

1515: 1499: 1455: 1318: 1281:) means "anointed" and is used in the Old Testament to designate 1256: 1248: 1232: 1023: 930: 898:, but a city's whole Christian community would also be called a " 551: 276: 249: 6380: 6378: 6376: 4606:

Salona emerged as a center for the spread of Christianity, with

3944:, which by tradition held authority over sees outside their own 3007:, in his letters, addressed Christians in Pontus. Of the extant 11279: 10053: 9973: 9840: 9478: 7406: 7291: 7244: 7066: 6846: 6621: 6401: 6374: 6372: 6370: 6368: 6366: 6364: 6362: 6360: 6358: 6356: 5905: 5612: 5581: 5560:

of "Candace, queen of the Ethiopians" returning from a trip to

5348: 5293: 5263: 5244:

Addai, who became the first bishop of Edessa, was succeeded by

5147: 5100: 5088: 5069: 4905: 4752: 4647: 4627: 4623: 4599:, a disciple of Paul, preached there. Some Christians suffered 4580: 4562: 4522: 4238: 4001: 3853: 3826: 3617: 3601: 3562: 3508: 3440: 3388: 3384: 3380: 3263: 3259: 3190: 3072: 3016: 2915: 2881: 2799:. It was one of the three whose bishops were recognized at the 2437:

persecuted Christians in Rome, whom he blamed for starting the

2427: 1765: 1507: 1310: 1216:, but they started forming local religious institutions called 1061:(356–323 BC). After Alexander's death, the region was ruled by 926: 816: 703: 204: 6783:"Uncircumcision: A Historical Review of Preputial Restoration" 6600: 6598: 6596: 6594: 6592: 6590: 6588: 6586: 6169: 4130:(died c. 203), Tertullian (c. 155–240), Cyprian (c. 200–258), 3902:, Peter was not the founder of any visible church succession. 3864:

had been the founders of the Church in Rome and had appointed

1760: 12005: 11465: 11404: 11361: 10601: 9162:, AD 70 to 135. pp 33–34. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing (1999). 8845: 8843: 7001: 6001: 5745: 5636: 5632: 5545: 5490: 5486: 5362: 5344: 5321: 5249: 5201: 4928:

was also translated into Georgian in the 5th century, as the

4755:

dated the faith's arrival to the latter part of the reign of

4518: 4318: 4210: 3825:

Historians consistently consider Peter and Paul to have been

3704: 3637: 3566: 3462: 3323: 2457: 2248: 1859: 1806: 1797: 1574: 1298: 1286: 1146: 1050: 894:. Early Christians gathered in small private homes, known as 879: 219: 181: 6459: 6457: 6353: 6339:(Revised and expanded ed.). Doubleday. pp. 19–21. 4291:, was an early center of Christianity said to be founded by 2975:. According to the New Testament, the Apostle Paul was from 1129:

The central tenets of Second Temple Judaism revolved around

9560:

The Dead Sea Scrolls and the Jewish Origins of Christianity

7727: 6583: 6121: 6097: 6061: 5917: 5807:

Geography of Religion: Where God Lives, where Pilgrims Walk

5352: 5304:, and established the first churches in the kingdom of the 5301: 5272:, which was compiled about 172 and in common use until St. 5209: 4971:

personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay

4222: 3830: 2434: 1495: 1046: 840: 9411:(2006). "Gentile Christianity". In Mitchell, Margaret M.; 8876:

The Expansion of Christianity in the First Three Centuries

8840: 8825: 6780: 2414:

worship—these included most social activities such as the

2084:. The apostles lived and taught there for some time after 1522:–2; Luke 6:37–38). These teachings are highlighted in the 1212:

used by early Christians. Diaspora Jews continued to make

9597:

Cave in Jordan Said to Have Been Used by Early Christians

7881:, volume 3, section 79: "The Time of the Easter Festival" 7555: 7142: 6873: 6454: 6230: 6025: 5977: 5929: 5893: 4464:

was founded by Greek colonists in 734 or 733 BC, part of

3011:, five of seven are to Anatolian cities, the sixth is to 2943:, part of modern Turkey, the western part was called the 1843:, indicating that there were already Christian groups in 1325:

who would establish and reign over an idealized kingdom.

1309:

and lineage, this promise was reaffirmed by the prophets

863:

and is followed by, and substantially overlaps with, the

7467: 6208: 6206: 6204: 6202: 6133: 5953: 5869: 5095:

en route, and landing at the former flourishing port of

3569:

was allied with Rome and was thus made capital of Roman

3136:, on the seacoast just northwest of Jerusalem, at first 3075:

and in 330 moved the capital of the reunified empire to

2184:, which was condemned as execrable and repulsive in the 2015:

66–73), Jerusalem and the Temple were destroyed after a

1390:, letters written to various Christian congregations by 9045:. Merchantville, NJ: Evolution Publishing. p. 59. 8333:

Antioch and Rome: New Testament Cradles of Christianity

8223:

Jews and Christians: The Parting of the Ways, 70 to 135

7798:(2015). "When Did Peter Become Bishop of Antioch?". In 7455: 6891:"Circumcision: In Apocryphal and Rabbinical Literature" 6430: 5497:). Because of geographic proximity, acculturation with 1831:. He then moved into mainland Greece, spending time in 11219:

Political influence of Evangelicalism in Latin America

8124:(in Bulgarian). Bulgarian National Radio. 22 June 2017 6536: 6442: 6278: 6266: 6145: 6049: 5965: 5941: 5783: 5416:, however, the conversion of Constantine the Great to 5138: 3933:, when the seat of government had been transferred to 3743:. According to Byzantine legend, the first bishop was 2959:

90–110, although some scholars argue for an origin in

1333:

who brings about the resurrection of the dead and the

9599:

Biblical Archaeology Review (archived 7 January 2010)

8108:"Early Christianity in Bulgarian Lands – Project HOP" 7867:

amongst whom Athanasius and Cyril must be mentioned."

6481:, Understanding the Bible. Palo Alto: Mayfield. 1985. 6218: 6199: 6013: 5881: 5361:, writing about 196, speaks of Christians throughout 5188:

and Roman Empires in Upper Mesopotamia, known as the

5115:

in southeastern India, and ministered in what is now

5072:

and baptized the natives, whose descendants form the

4128:

Saint Perpetua, Saint Felicitas, and their Companions

2852:

translation of the Old Testament began there and the

8027:. New Haven: Yale University Press. pp. 56–57. 7696:

Balsamon, Aristenus and Beveridge consider it to be

6548: 6242: 6157: 6085: 5857: 5432:

A near-contemporary 5th-century Christian work, the

4904:

in the 1st century. It became the state religion of

4263:

Ephesine theory attributes the Gallican Rite to Lyon

3079:(also an early Christian center and just across the 2578:

were Gentiles ("uncircumcised") for the first time.

2243:, who believed, following his interpretation of the 1805::26, that they were first called Christians (Greek: 8895:. New York: Oxford University Press. 2005, article 8629:

Abyssinian Christianity: The First Christian Nation

7160: 7158: 7156: 7154: 6776: 6774: 6525: 6523: 6109: 5588:Ethiopia at that time meant any upper Nile region. 5262:, or Syriac translation of the Old Testament; also 4873:. The church traces its origins to the missions of 3967:(c. 126–136), probably the only martyr among them; 3099:were held either in Western Anatolia or across the 3009:

letters of Ignatius of Antioch considered authentic

1696:), who wrote that Christians "took their name from 1293:whose status was symbolized by being anointed with 1251:to separate from the Pharisees. The territories of 9178: 9134: 8626: 8595: 6831: 6829: 6511:Studies in Rabbinic Judaism and Early Christianity 6037: 5805:Hitchcock, Susan Tyler; Esposito, John L. (2004). 5339:By the time that Edessa was incorporated into the 5256:. Thence came to us in the 2nd century the famous 4142:(died 505). Tertullian and Cyprian are considered 3632:and the emergence of centers of Christianity like 3399:, were early centers of Christianity. Of note are 9310:. Routledge Worlds. Routledge. pp. 178–190. 9251:(1998). "Christian Number and Its Implications". 8520:The Church of the Early Fathers: External History 6988:Vana, Liliane (May 2013). Trigano, Shmuel (ed.). 5804: 5284:domination many martyrs suffered at Edessa: Sts. 2662:in 325 AD. The traditional founding date for the 874:claim to have been founded by one or more of the 12491: 7843:Jewish Encyclopedia: Alexandria, Egypt – Ancient 7164: 7151: 7098: 7096: 6771: 6604: 6520: 6384: 6299:"The Church of the Apostles found on Mount Zion" 5296:; Sts. Gûrja, Schâmôna, Habib, and others under 5051:An early third-century Syriac work known as the 4287:, today one of the main archaeological sites of 4154:descent, was instrumental in the development of 1165:had a major influence on Second Temple Judaism. 9349:Marcus, Joel (2006). "Jewish Christianity". In 9112:The Historical Jesus: A Guide for the Perplexed 9085:The Catholic Church Through the Ages: A History 8257: 8255: 8253: 8251: 7939:Catholic Encyclopedia: Jerusalem (A.D. 71–1099) 7486:Catholic Encyclopedia: Jerusalem (A.D. 71–1099) 7270: 7268: 6842:When Christians Were Jews: The First Generation 6826: 6489: 6487: 5308:. Atillâtiâ, Bishop of Edessa, assisted at the 4249:near the end of the 2nd century and he claimed 3125:Caesarea Maritima § Early Christian centre 2779:may have been written there. The church father 2583:general significance of Jerusalem to Christians 1958:appears as the leader of the Jerusalem church. 1678:. The first Roman author to reference Jesus is 1474:. Jesus' message centered on the coming of the 1018:Christianity originated as a minor sect within 622:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 8211:The Jews in the Time of Jesus: An Introduction 7824: 7656:Catholic Encyclopedia: Jerusalem (AD. 71–1099) 7534: 6938: 6328: 6326: 6324: 6322: 6320: 6318: 5177:(which may account for its rapid growth), and 4321:in northwest Italy was founded by the apostle 3975:to have been the brother of the author of the 3225:around 637. The first major church historian, 2212:positively. The resulting Apostolic Decree in 2109:, when all Jews were banished from Jerusalem. 1624:For his followers, Jesus' death inaugurated a 12179:Architecture of cathedrals and great churches 11878: 11295: 9618: 8893:The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church 8505:The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church 8492:The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church 8449:The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church 8167:The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church 7538:An Introduction to Jewish-Christian Relations 7388: 7226: 7224: 7222: 7093: 6721: 6719: 6655: 6653: 6618:The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church 6398:The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church 4857:Christianity became the official religion of 3543:is known for an apology addressed to Emperor 2825:Egypt (Roman province) § Christian Egypt 2692:East–West Schism#Prospects for reconciliation 2587:persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire 2558:on the site of the former Jewish Temple, the 2251:, i.e. the rules of traditional Judaism, and 2112:The first Gentiles to become Christians were 1942:was led by the Apostles, foremost among them 1579:), Jesus is identified as the fulfillment of 1259:were frequently troubled by insurrection and 769: 9331:Christianity: The First Three Thousand Years 9160:Jews and Christians: The Parting of the Ways 8849:James, M. R. (1966) "The Acts of Thomas" in 8460: 8248: 7541:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 45–. 7265: 6484: 5809:. National Geographic Society. p. 281. 5731:Paul, for example, greets a house church in 3652:) was likely to have begun with these early 1443:(written at the end of the 1st century) are 1276: 1208:. The Septuagint was the translation of the 9632: 8873: 8867: 8863:Breviary of the Mar Thoma Church in Malabar 8324: 7951:Catholic Encyclopedia: Caesarea Palaestinae 7714:Encyclopædia Britannica "Quinisext Council" 7506:Jewish Encyclopedia: Academies in Palestine 6332: 6315: 5835: 5181:even became the state religion for a time. 4850:recently been redated, casting some doubt. 4812: 3183:with the bishop of Jerusalem as one of its 2795:) New Testament text types associated with 2267:, was the inclusion of Gentiles into God's 1697: 1301:, to whom God promised an eternal kingdom ( 969:, serving as foundations for the expansive 839:. The first followers of Christianity were 11302: 11288: 9625: 9611: 9324: 9173: 8331:Brown, Raymond E.; Meier, John P. (1983). 8330: 8159: 7738:, however, wanted the Pope as well as the 7219: 6835: 6716: 6650: 6139: 6127: 6103: 6031: 6007: 5959: 5923: 5875: 5315: 4697:. Early Christianity also spread from the 4201:The Mediterranean coast of France and the 3660:in Europe was founded in Thrace in 344 by 2753:Greek culture in the Eastern Mediterranean 2408: 2385:. According to Epiphanius of Salamis, the 1003:Historical background of the New Testament 776: 762: 111: 8611:Catholic Encyclopedia: Reggio di Calabria 8589: 8507:. New York: Oxford University Press. 2005 8494:. New York: Oxford University Press. 2005 8169:. New York: Oxford University Press. 2005 7332: 7054: 7009: 6952:, along with any others who revealed the 6474: 6472: 5000:Learn how and when to remove this message 4439:Learn how and when to remove this message 3387:, which also extend into the neighboring 2625:, Interest in Jerusalem resumed with the 2154:went to Jerusalem to meet with the three 916:English translations of the New Testament 80:Learn how and when to remove this message 9441: 9407: 9223: 9199: 9129: 8954: 8952: 8950: 8948: 8564: 8523:. Longmans, Green and Company. pp. 8371: 8356: 8354: 7579:Canon VII of the First Council of Nicaea 7561: 7522: 7394: 7102: 6542: 6463: 6448: 6436: 6336:A Concise History of the Catholic Church 6260: 6236: 6151: 6055: 5995: 5983: 5971: 5947: 5935: 5911: 5899: 5838:A Concise History of the Catholic Church 5592:was the title and perhaps, name for the 5445:all their efforts to compute the number. 5011: 4834: 4501: 4344: 4299:is believed to be its first bishop. The 4177: 4122:, possibly a local use of the primitive 4075: 3904: 3765: 3624:coast and along the lower course of the 3443:(c. 185–254) stayed there for some time 3289: 3110: 2951:traditionally and plausibly occurred in 2901: 2844:. Its famous libraries were a center of 2701: 2644:, Helena (with the assistance of Bishop 2519: 2230:circumcision requirement for Jewish boys 2061: 2007:, another relative of Jesus. During the 1891: 1759: 1751: 1544: 1344: 1297:. The term is most associated with King 1243:movement in Judaism, which believed the 1006: 986: 945:, also known as Asia Minor, such as the 43:This article includes a list of general 27:Historical era of the Christian religion 12525:Dioceses established in the 1st century 11043:Fostering of early experimental science 9463: 9383: 9247: 9035: 8990: 8878:. Williams & Norgate. p. 293. 8771: 8769: 8767: 8765: 8763: 8761: 8759: 8757: 8631:. Pismo Beach, California: BP Editing. 8516: 8017: 7274: 6284: 6272: 6263:, pp. 109, 112, 114–115 & 117. 6248: 6224: 6212: 6163: 6091: 5863: 5619:had permanently penetrated the region. 4819:History of Eastern Christianity in Asia 4098:The Church of Carthage thus was to the 3798:History of the Jews in the Roman Empire 3750: 3628:. The spread of Christianity among the 3156:. It was there that Peter baptized the 2585:entered a period of decline during the 2494: 2393:. A scattered population survived. The 1920:is located under the current structure. 14: 12492: 11147:Fundamentalist – Modernist controversy 9533:. HarperCollins Pbk. Ed edition 1997. 9518:. University of Chicago Press (1975). 9348: 9079: 8725: 8651: 8540: 8534: 8395:Seven Ecumenical Councils: The Seventh 7794: 7788: 7473: 7461: 6659: 6554: 6513:, (Leyden: Brill, 2010), pp. 107–138 ( 6469: 6296: 6290: 5789: 5704: 5662:Christianity in the ante-Nicene period 5615:before his death in 373, showing that 5111:Thomas next proceeded overland to the 4759:, although stories connecting it with 4233:occurred in 177. The Apostolic Father 3890:sharply rejected the claim that Peter 3148:, c. 25–13 BC, and was the capital of 2076:Jerusalem was the first center of the 1930:Jerusalem was the first center of the 1801:, but it was in Antioch, according to 11283: 9606: 9417:The Cambridge History of Christianity 9359:The Cambridge History of Christianity 9299: 9042:The Ecclesiastical History of Sozomen 8945: 8351: 8225:, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing (1999), 7892: 7810:. Wm. B. Eerdmans. pp. 263–272. 7230: 6725: 6082:, pp. 78, 85, 87–89 & 95–96. 5672:Diversity in early Christian theology 5476:To understand the penetration of the 5020:king Gondophares was proselytized by 3205:(d. 309) was a noted scholar-priest. 3199:famous library and theological school 2682:, but this was never accepted by the 2640:). According to the church historian 2564:Bar Kokhba led an unsuccessful revolt 2057: 2034:According to a tradition recorded by 1321:, who foresaw a future king from the 953:, Christianity had already spread to 9105: 8754: 7722:. Retrieved February 14, 2010. "The 7606: 7338: 6987: 6634:10.1093/acref/9780192802903.001.0001 6414:10.1093/acref/9780192802903.001.0001 6193: 6175: 6115: 6079: 6067: 6043: 6019: 5887: 5831: 5829: 5800: 5798: 5677:Early Christian art and architecture 5461: 4953: 4377:adding citations to reliable sources 4348: 3515:, the harbor of Athens, coming from 3427:was a city in the Roman province of 3063:was held in 314. In 325 the emperor 1904:, claimed to be the location of the 1756:Map of Paul's 3rd missionary journey 1200:produced a Greek translation of the 1168:Alexander's conquests initiated the 29: 9587:PBS Frontline: The First Christians 9087:(Illustrated, annotated ed.). 8958: 8805:The Indian Christians of St. Thomas 8620: 8571:. Lanham: Lexington Books. p. 8428:Dictionary of Christian Antiquities 8024:A new history of early Christianity 7671:at CCEL.org: Book I, Chapter XVII: 7535:Edward Kessler (18 February 2010). 7239:. Routledge Worlds (1st ed.). 6670:Bulletin of the History of Medicine 5216:(AD 260–340) and also found in the 5139:Mesopotamia and the Parthian Empire 4150:. Tertullian, a theologian of part 2771:as first being held by Peter. The 2247:, that the church must observe the 1887: 1839:. While in Corinth, Paul wrote his 1587:, the gospels present Jesus as the 1157:, where God dwelled in the Temple. 973:, eventually throughout the world. 617:Members Church of God International 24: 9547:. Oxford University Press (1993). 9508: 9390:Christian History: An Introduction 9253:Journal of Early Christian Studies 8237:, Oxford University Press (2004), 8235:The Romans: From Village to Empire 8188:St-Paul-Outside-the-Walls homepage 7902:. New York: Anchor Bible. p. 7617:Encyclopedia of early Christianity 7112:The Anchor Yale Bible Commentaries 6788:Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 4317:It is believed that the Church of 4295:before his mission to Alexandria. 4257:is considered a forerunner of the 2593:, Jerusalem Christians escaped to 2536:In the 2nd century, Roman Emperor 1950:. When Peter left Jerusalem after 1472:the Baptist's arrest and execution 1145:, Jews were obligated to obey the 1011:Model of the Second Temple in the 890:, c. 26–33, perhaps following the 859:. Early Christianity contains the 825:already established Jewish centers 49:it lacks sufficient corresponding 25: 12536: 9574: 8797:The Apostle Thomas in North India 8503:"Cyprian, St." Cross, F. L., ed. 8295:"Irenaeus Against Heresies 3.3.2" 8221:, pp 190–192.; Dunn, James D.G., 7927:Catholic Encyclopedia: Asia Minor 7899:Introduction to the New Testament 7756:Quinisext Canon 36 from Schaff's 6797:Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 5826: 5795: 5725: 5687:Split of Christianity and Judaism 4339:Gallican Rite originated in Milan 4229:(the oldest city in France). The 3983:(c. 155–160), who received Saint 3894:, and concludes that while Peter 3519:around the year 53. According to 3483:Second Epistle to the Corinthians 3419:wrote a letter to the Philippians 3375:, and the surrounding regions of 3262:was the capital of the island of 2983:were primarily in Anatolia. The 2949:authorship of the Johannine works 2817:Catechetical School of Alexandria 2747:, Turkey) was the capital of the 2674:promulgated by the Roman Emperor 2664:Brotherhood of the Holy Sepulchre 2321:Gentile (or Pauline) Christianity 2226:rabbinic Jewish legal authorities 2196:, and was especially adversed in 1864:) that met in private homes (see 1747: 1702:who was executed in the reign of 1149:. In return, they were given the 12474: 12473: 12462: 11590:State church of the Roman Empire 11309: 9059: 9029: 9020: 8984: 8931: 8919: 8901: 8885: 8856: 8810: 8783:, pp. 364–436; A. E. Medlycott, 8719: 8705: 8680: 8645: 8617:at the Council of Nicaea (325)." 8604: 8558: 8510: 8497: 8490:"Tertullian." Cross, F. L., ed. 8484: 8454: 8441: 8420: 8401: 8386: 8313: 8304: 8287: 8275: 8199: 8181: 8172: 8136: 8114: 8100: 8089: 8065: 8041: 8011: 7996: 7985: 7969: 7955: 7944: 7932: 7920: 6994:Pardés: Études et culture juives 6805:10.1097/00006534-199806000-00037 6297:Pixner, Bargil (May–June 1990). 5611:consecrated Marcus as bishop of 5512:were among his converts. The Al- 5252:, who was ordained about 200 by 5169:, it was easily accessible from 5068:Thomas thereafter went south to 4958: 4932:was developed for that purpose. 4716: 4353: 4173: 3961:Epistle to the Church in Corinth 3479:First Epistle to the Corinthians 2979:(in south-central Anatolia) and 2489: 2090:James the Just, brother of Jesus 1386:. The earliest of these are the 1349:The Holy Land in the 1st century 1220:as early as the 3rd century BC. 743: 34: 11573:First seven ecumenical councils 9073: 9039:(2018). Walford, Edward (ed.). 8688:"Armenian History, Chapter III" 7886: 7879:History of the Christian Church 7870: 7847: 7836: 7777: 7765: 7749: 7707: 7678: 7660: 7649: 7600: 7584: 7567: 7528: 7510: 7499: 7479: 7449: 7326: 7320: 7167:"Paul: Apostle to the Gentiles" 7136: 7048: 6981: 6975: 6970:, that was aimed at elongation. 6946:. Scholars Press. p. 149. 6932: 6926: 6867: 6560: 6531:Westminster Theological Journal 6181: 5836:Bokenkotter, Thomas S. (2004). 5705:Khalaf, Salim G. (March 2013). 5667:Christianity in the 4th century 5644:. The last recorded bishop was 4783:, is recorded as attending the 4683:in 287. He was the bishop when 4364:needs additional citations for 3937:, as the "head" of the church. 3814:had recently come from Rome to 3097:First seven Ecumenical Councils 2473: 2462: 2451: 2128:and observe the Torah (such as 1728:Christianity in the 1st century 1506:–18), not serving both God and 1097: 1091:). The anti-Jewish policies of 1049:to return to their homeland of 12440:Relations with other religions 11846:Church of the East (Nestorian) 11841:Oriental Orthodox (Miaphysite) 11006:Separation of church and state 10675:Formal and material principles 10660:Separation of church and state 9475:Novum Testamentum, Supplements 9261:Johns Hopkins University Press 9206:A History of Christian Thought 8787:, pp. 1–17, 213–97; Eusebius, 8615:Mark, legate of Pope Sylvester 8470:. HarperCollins. p. 153. 8096:Catholic Encyclopedia: Corinth 7358:Society of Biblical Literature 7349:Journal of Biblical Literature 7288:Novum Testamentum, Supplements 7004:: Éditions in Press: 211–236. 6679:Johns Hopkins University Press 5772: 5738: 5698: 5603:In the fourth century, bishop 5544:Christianity arrived early in 3948:, were not yet referred to as 3695:and the surrounding region of 3648:) and Durostorum (present day 3095:, which lasted till 1453. The 1721: 1668:. The paragraph, known as the 1518::13), and not judging others ( 1307:destruction of David's kingdom 627:The New Church (Swedenborgian) 572:Nondenominational Christianity 13: 1: 10670:Hymnody of continental Europe 9821:Apostles in the New Testament 9562:. Palgrabe Macmillan (2003). 8853:, pp. 365−77; 434−38. Oxford. 8799:, chapter 4:30; V. A. Smith, 8436:The Seven Ecumenical Councils 8282:Irenaeus Against Heresies 3.3 8165:"Paul, St" Cross, F. L., ed. 7298:. pp. 210–211, 246–247. 7235:. In Esler, Philip F. (ed.). 6660:Hodges, Frederick M. (2001). 5713:. No. 49. pp. 22–35 5692: 4844:oldest cathedral in the world 4801:intensified and evolved into 4771:are now generally considered 4650:, died a martyr in A.D. 303. 4534: 4303:is associated with Aquileia. 4242: 4184:Amphithéâtre des Trois-Gaules 4158:, and was the first to apply 3922: 3900:original head of the apostles 3709:significant Jewish population 3207:St. Gregory the Wonder-Worker 3067:convoked the first Christian 2960: 2895: 2858:significant Jewish population 2806: 2654:, after removing a Temple to 2634: 2622: 2395:Sanhedrin relocated to Jamnia 2336: 2216:is theorized to parallel the 2180:, especially the practice of 2160:: James the Just, Peter, and 2140: 2103: 1963: 1690: 1683: 1662: 1556: 1429: 1418: 1403: 1372: 1100: 175 – 164 BC 1081: 1066: 1031: 966: 942: 18:History of early Christianity 8874:von Harnack, Adolph (1905). 8851:The Apocryphal New Testament 8785:India and The Apostle Thomas 8777:India and The Apostle Thomas 8565:Ekonomou, Andrew J. (2007). 7730:were not represented at the 7171:Anatomy of the New Testament 6750:10.1016/0090-4295(80)90354-4 6726:Rubin, Jody P. (July 1980). 6333:Bokenkotter, Thomas (2004). 6307:. Vol. 16, no. 3. 5532:(c. A.D. 190) was sent from 5508:preached in Arabia and that 5489:(sometimes known as Seba or 5131:, Mazdai, the local king at 5016:According to tradition, the 4587:on the eastern shore of the 4004:, and are classified as the 3818:when, in about the year 50, 3302:where St. Paul escaped from 3241:originated in Caesarea. The 3229:, was a bishop, c. 314–339. 3168:(7.46) state that the first 2648:) claimed to have found the 2576:subsequent Jerusalem bishops 2526:Church of the Holy Sepulchre 2505: 2301:Paul the Apostle and Judaism 1603:, ultimately leading to his 1359:Christianity centers on the 958: 632:Unitarians and Universalists 7: 12147:Views on poverty and wealth 10118:Eastern Orthodox opposition 9583:(archived 1 September 2014) 7808:Peter in Early Christianity 6304:Biblical Archaeology Review 5655: 5190:Assyrian Church of the East 4268: 4110:. The archdiocese used the 4080:Early Christian quarter in 4057: 3987:and discussed with him the 3829:in Rome under the reign of 3491:primacy of the Roman Church 3449:, today a ruin near modern 3285: 3106: 3049:Crisis of the Third Century 2873: 2605:), at the beginning of the 2562:. In the years AD 132–136, 2271:, sending the message that 2261:early Christian communities 1711: 1591:. The gospels describe the 1550:Christ with the Two Thieves 962: 10: 12541: 12392:World Evangelical Alliance 12354:Traditionalist Catholicism 10135:Art patronage of Julius II 8779:, pp. 18–71; M. R. James, 8547:The Dictionary of Religion 8529:church of africa carthage. 7832:patriarch (ecclesiastical) 7496:.14: "For this Hadrian..." 6956:, were the butt of ribald 6178:, pp. 38 & 40–41. 5998:, pp. 49 & 51–52. 5746: 5465: 4939: 4887: 4830: 4816: 4720: 4657: 4653: 4585:Roman province of Dalmatia 4573: 4495: 4450: 4310: 4279:The ancient Roman city of 4272: 4194: 4061: 3971:(c. 141–154), said by the 3892:began the papal succession 3783: 3754: 3747:, mentioned in Acts 13:1. 3683: 3533:Hierotheos the Thesmothete 3461:, and was later joined by 3357: 3308: 3252: 3122: 3055:became the capital of the 2920: 2914:" and the Greek island of 2810: 2725: 2697: 2642:Socrates of Constantinople 2516:Early bishops of Jerusalem 2509: 2498: 2401:, specifically in Jesus's 2363:Jews revolted against Rome 2067:Saint Peter and Saint Paul 1923: 1770: 1725: 1573:or "Anointed One" (Greek: 1352: 1000: 990: 981: 976: 12457: 12407: 12387:World Council of Churches 12362: 12280: 12164: 12155: 12110: 11895: 11879: 11874:Latter Day Saint movement 11859: 11819: 11719: 11700: 11646: 11603: 11548: 11454: 11433: 11392: 11360: 11317: 11227: 11062: 10981: 10910: 10845: 10767: 10698: 10638:Calvinist–Arminian debate 10612: 10379: 10262: 10098: 9989: 9871: 9769: 9658: 9640: 9592:First Christians and Rome 9425:10.1017/CHOL9780521812399 9367:10.1017/CHOL9780521812399 9307:The Early Christian World 9230:The Story of Christianity 8598:The Story of Christianity 7758:Seven Ecumenical Councils 7689:: First Nicaea: Canon VII 7687:Seven Ecumenical Councils 7419:10.1163/15685365-12341488 7237:The Early Christian World 7148:"peri'ah", (Shab. xxx. 6) 6574:right hands of fellowship 5840:. Doubleday. p. 18. 5232:Liturgy of Addai and Mari 4920:, originally part of the 4863:Armenian Apostolic Church 4713:who was martyred in 298. 4569: 4521:(an island just south of 4457:Bishop of Reggio Calabria 4253:was his predecessor. The 4126:. Famous figures include 3959:(c. 88–97), author of an 3931:Seven Ecumenical Councils 3658:first Christian monastery 3584: 3469:. After he left Corinth, 3353: 3330:. In the three accounts ( 3248: 2874:Pentapolis (North Africa) 2683: 2512:Jerusalem in Christianity 2424:worship the Roman emperor 2391:Hadrian's visit in 130 AD 1926:Jerusalem in Christianity 1135:Jews were a chosen people 954: 12520:4th-century Christianity 12515:3rd-century Christianity 12510:2nd-century Christianity 12505:1st-century Christianity 12415:Anti-Christian sentiment 11595:Christian biblical canon 11127:Christian existentialism 9531:The Rise of Christianity 8993:"The Church Of The East" 8961:"The Church of the East" 8781:Apocryphal New Testament 8517:Plummer, Alfred (1887). 8368:Accessed October 8, 2009 8213:, Paulist Press (1995), 6620:(3rd Revised ed.). 6400:(3rd Revised ed.). 5711:Touristica International 5707:"Jesus Visits Phoenicea" 5539: 4946:Christianity in Pakistan 4935: 4918:Georgian Orthodox Church 4813:Outside the Roman Empire 4632:Diocletianic Persecution 4610:establishing the See of 4491: 4306: 4116:Western liturgical rites 4108:Catholic Church in Italy 4089:Roman province of Africa 3843:blamed on the Christians 3775:burial site of St. Peter 3715:(115–117). According to 3679: 3495:First Epistle of Clement 3045:Christian Biblical canon 2765:Epistle to the Galatians 2418:, the army, sports, and 2365:. After a brutal siege, 2071:Juan Fernádnez Navarrete 1655:referenced Jesus in his 1394:in the 50s AD. The four 1340: 1237:resurrection of the dead 1214:pilgrimage to the Temple 884:dispersed from Jerusalem 12469:Christianity portal 11628:Investiture Controversy 9634:History of Christianity 9558:Thiede, Carsten Peter. 9514:Pelikan, Jaroslav Jan. 9115:. Bloomsbury Academic. 8803:, p. 235; L. W. Brown, 8467:The Myth of Persecution 8408:First Council of Nicaea 7962:Catholic Encyclopedia: 7719:Encyclopædia Britannica 7607:Koch, Glenn A. (1990). 6626:Oxford University Press 6406:Oxford University Press 6070:, pp. 42 & 48. 5914:, pp. 13 & 16. 5762:A Greek–English Lexicon 5682:History of Christianity 5453:Ecclesiastical History, 5389:had assumed the title " 5316:Persia and Central Asia 5310:First Council of Nicaea 5078:Syrian Malabar Nasranis 5074:Saint Thomas Christians 4950:Saint Thomas Christians 4875:Bartholomew the Apostle 4867:Gregory the Illuminator 4622:, followed by those in 4327:Gervasius and Protasius 4255:Council of Arles in 314 4048:under Diocletian in 303 3761: 3166:Apostolic Constitutions 3115:Remains of the ancient 2981:his missionary journeys 2801:First Council of Nicaea 2777:Apostolic Constitutions 2749:Roman province of Syria 2660:First Council of Nicaea 2568:Jewish Messiah claimant 2540:rebuilt Jerusalem as a 2422:. They also refused to 2409:1st century persecution 2381:at the outbreak of the 2377:, the Jerusalem church 2367:Jerusalem fell in 70 AD 2358:martyred him in 62 AD. 2122:Cornelius the Centurion 2046:at the outbreak of the 2042:, the Jerusalem church 1956:James, brother of Jesus 1860: 1807: 1676:Christian interpolation 1658:Antiquities of the Jews 1636:, believers experience 1575: 1118:BC when Judea became a 882:, who are said to have 809:First Council of Nicaea 791:, otherwise called the 64:more precise citations. 12420:Christian universalism 11811:Western Rite Orthodoxy 11656:Protestant Reformation 11195:Fourth Great Awakening 11082:Second Great Awakening 10321:Fall of Constantinople 10113:Development of primacy 9269:10.1353/earl.1998.0035 8991:Dickens, Mark (1999). 8913:Historia Ecclesiastica 8801:Early History of India 8271:Rome (early Christian) 8193:July 20, 2009, at the 7573:It was still known as 7187:10.2307/j.ctvcb5b9q.17 7116:New Haven, Connecticut 7011:10.3917/parde.052.0211 6885:; Friedenwald, Aaron; 6503:n Weights and Measures 5493:, whose queen visited 5459: 5434:Ecclesiastical History 5429:, were also martyred. 5025: 4980:by rewriting it in an 4881:) in the 1st century. 4846: 4747:, during the reign of 4514: 4297:Hermagoras of Aquileia 4192: 4084: 3926: 3781: 3727:are also mentioned in 3723:carried Jesus' cross. 3699:or the North African " 3525:local Jewish community 3311:Syriac Orthodox Church 3306: 3193:(d. 254) compiled his 3174:Zacchaeus the Publican 3120: 3091:), referred to as the 3043:who recorded an early 3005:Pliny, governor in 110 2985:First Epistle of Peter 2973:Seven churches of Asia 2945:Roman province of Asia 2927:Christianity in Turkey 2918: 2912:Seven Churches of Asia 2723: 2617:(subordinates) of the 2607:First Jewish–Roman War 2550:, erecting statues of 2533: 2198:Classical civilization 2073: 2027:, specifically in the 2009:First Jewish-Roman War 1921: 1918:Church of the Apostles 1773:Spread of Christianity 1768: 1757: 1698: 1622: 1566: 1350: 1277: 1093:Antiochus IV Epiphanes 1015: 971:spread of Christianity 947:Seven churches of Asia 12078:Anointing of the Sick 11190:Reformed epistemology 11132:Third Great Awakening 11102:Seventh-day Adventist 11023:First Great Awakening 10896:Book of Common Prayer 10690:Protestant work ethic 10233:Independent Catholics 10184:Monastery dissolution 9409:Mitchell, Margaret M. 9351:Mitchell, Margaret M. 8818:"Thomas the Apostole" 8713:"Britannica Academic" 7980:Catholic Encyclopedia 7854:Catholic Encyclopedia 7704:that is referred to." 7609:"Jewish Christianity" 7593:History of the Church 7231:Klutz, Todd (2002) . 7122:. p. Chapter V. 7120:Yale University Press 6851:Yale University Press 6687:10.1353/bhm.2001.0119 6570:Catholic Encyclopedia 6501:29,7,7–8; 30, 2, 7; O 6497:3, 5, 3; Epiphanius, 5753:Liddell, Henry George 5570:Philip the Evangelist 5442: 5015: 4942:Christianity in India 4840:Etchmiadzin Cathedral 4838: 4727:Christianity reached 4583:, the capital of the 4505: 4498:Christianity in Malta 4345:Syracuse and Calabria 4205:, then part of Roman 4181: 4079: 3908: 3874:Epistle to the Romans 3773:, believed to be the 3769: 3711:, at least up to the 3686:Christianity in Libya 3315:Christianity in Syria 3293: 3237:have argued that the 3162:Philip the Evangelist 3114: 2905: 2854:Alexandrian text-type 2840:, was established by 2705: 2676:Constantine the Great 2668:Christian Holy places 2646:Macarius of Jerusalem 2629:of the Roman Empress 2523: 2389:survived at least to 2375:Epiphanius of Salamis 2333:Clement of Alexandria 2194:Eastern Mediterranean 2188:during the period of 2157:Pillars of the Church 2065: 2040:Epiphanius of Salamis 2000:and the crucifixion. 1975:pillars of the church 1960:Clement of Alexandria 1924:Further information: 1895: 1841:Epistle to the Romans 1823:and then traveled to 1763: 1755: 1671:Testimonium Flavianum 1648:of his resurrection. 1617: 1601:resurrection of Jesus 1548: 1355:Jesus in Christianity 1353:Further information: 1348: 1020:Second Temple Judaism 1010: 993:Second Temple Judaism 987:Second Temple Judaism 837:Eastern Mediterranean 12399:Nondenominationalism 12272:Role in civilization 11739:Independent Catholic 11681:Relations with Islam 11661:Catholic Reformation 11013:Edicts of toleration 10822:Three Forms of Unity 10587:Bohemian Reformation 10160:Catholic Reformation 10017:Roman state religion 9836:Council of Jerusalem 9326:MacCulloch, Diarmaid 8941:Encyclopædia Iranica 8908:Eusebius of Caesarea 8550:. Cassell. pp. 8364:, December 7, 1953. 7742:to sign the canons. 7492:Weights and Measures 7251:. pp. 178–190. 7181:. pp. 187–226. 6628:. pp. 1243–45. 5455:Book II, Chapter XIV 5396:During the reign of 5377:) and, according to 5343:in 258, the city of 4785:314 Council of Arles 4711:Marcellus of Tangier 4707:Mauretania Tingitana 4695:cathedral of Seville 4681:Council of Illiberis 4388:"Early Christianity" 4373:improve this article 4325:in the 1st century. 4197:Christianity in Gaul 4168:councils of Carthage 4156:trinitarian theology 4144:Latin Church Fathers 4140:Eugenius of Carthage 4100:Early African church 4072:Councils of Carthage 3837:which, according to 3812:Priscilla and Aquila 3804:Acts of the Apostles 3771:St. Peter's Basilica 3757:Western Christianity 3751:Western Roman Empire 3608:coast. According to 3459:Aquila and Priscilla 3296:Chapel of Saint Paul 3227:Eusebius of Caesarea 3197:there and it held a 3119:in Caesarea Maritima 3057:Eastern Roman Empire 3025:Papias of Hierapolis 2963:. This includes the 2821:Bishop of Alexandria 2732:Patriarch of Antioch 2544:city and renamed it 2501:Eastern Christianity 2495:Eastern Roman Empire 2420:classical literature 2166:Council of Jerusalem 1996:) in remembrance of 1916:claims the original 1849:Priscilla and Aquila 1764:St Paul's Pillar in 1742:Acts of the Apostles 1581:messianic prophecies 1534:who represented the 1133:and the belief that 1039:Babylonian captivity 997:Second Temple Period 949:. By the end of the 888:crucifixion of Jesus 469:Independent Catholic 12445:Unlimited atonement 12430:Cultural Christians 11869:Jehovah's Witnesses 11491:Sermon on the Mount 11420:Christian tradition 11347:Lists of Christians 11185:Liberation theology 11092:Jehovah's Witnesses 10925:Radical Reformation 10653:Resistance theories 10540:Christian mysticism 10535:Early Scholasticism 10247:Ecclesial community 10145:Counter-Reformation 10010:Constantinian shift 9393:. Wiley-Blackwell. 8926:Chronicon Edessenum 8434:of Philip Schaff's 7104:Fitzmyer, Joseph A. 6919:Antiochus Epiphanes 6901:Kopelman Foundation 6896:Jewish Encyclopedia 6533:65 (2003), 181–200. 6010:, pp. 119–121. 5558:a treasury official 5254:Serapion of Antioch 4916:of Cappadocia. The 4807:Romans left Britain 4803:Celtic Christianity 4761:Joseph of Arimathea 4703:Strait of Gibraltar 4667:was the capital of 4634:left deep marks in 4576:Religion in Croatia 4283:at the head of the 4259:ecumenical councils 4231:Persecution in Lyon 4114:, a variant of the 3973:Muratorian fragment 3493:can be seen in the 3270:, who according to 3243:Caesarean text-type 3211:St. Basil the Great 3158:centurion Cornelius 3142:Caesarea Palaestina 3103:in Constantinople. 2923:History of Anatolia 2862:Philo of Alexandria 2842:Alexander the Great 2797:Syriac Christianity 2791:are two early (pre- 2781:Ignatius of Antioch 2763:, described in the 2761:Incident at Antioch 2619:Metropolitan bishop 2611:Jerusalem's bishops 2383:First Jewish Revolt 2344:Bishop of Jerusalem 2317:Jewish Christianity 2313:Incident at Antioch 2297:Hellenistic Judaism 2164:. Later called the 2048:First Jewish Revolt 1971:Bishop of Jerusalem 1954:tried to kill him, 1882:itinerant preachers 1613:Diarmaid MacCulloch 1536:12 tribes of Israel 1524:Sermon on the Mount 1445:ancient biographies 1261:messianic claimants 1188:was stronger among 1186:Hellenistic Judaism 1137:. As part of their 1059:Alexander the Great 886:sometime after the 857:Lebanese Christians 847:to the faith, i.e. 813:Christianity spread 750:Christianity portal 607:Jehovah's Witnesses 287:History of theology 12500:Early Christianity 12290:Crusading movement 11558:Ante-Nicene period 11259:Oriental Orthodoxy 10902:King James Version 10714:Ninety-five Theses 10510:Apostolic Brethren 10284:Church of the East 10279:Oriental Orthodoxy 10125:Crusading movement 9645:Early Christianity 9225:González, Justo L. 9201:González, Justo L. 8891:Cross, F. L., ed. 8828:on 8 February 2011 8447:Cross, F. L., ed. 8413:2008-09-15 at the 7613:Fergusson, Everett 7595:Book IV, chapter V 7476:, pp. 99–102. 7071:Peeters Publishers 6853:. pp. 10–11. 6614:"Paul the Apostle" 6610:Livingstone, E. A. 6567:St. James the Less 6479:Harris, Stephen L. 6390:Livingstone, E. A. 6192:15.44.3 quoted in 5414:Church of the East 5347:, situated on the 5334:Seleucia-Ctesiphon 5099:on an island near 5026: 4982:encyclopedic style 4969:is written like a 4847: 4823:Church of the East 4551:catacombs in Rabat 4515: 4453:Bishop of Syracuse 4275:Bishop of Aquileia 4207:Gallia Narbonensis 4193: 4164:Latin Christianity 4085: 4068:Bishop of Carthage 4064:Church of Carthage 4025:Hippolytus of Rome 3977:Shepherd of Hermas 3927: 3911:Christ Pantocrator 3835:Great Fire of Rome 3782: 3674:Council of Serdica 3654:Apostolic missions 3614:Andrew the Apostle 3610:Hippolytus of Rome 3571:Creta et Cyrenaica 3517:Berœa of Macedonia 3322:is the capital of 3307: 3170:Bishop of Caesarea 3152:(6–132) and later 3129:Bishop of Caesarea 3121: 3069:ecumenical council 2965:Book of Revelation 2919: 2886:Easter controversy 2813:Alexandrian school 2785:Curetonian Gospels 2724: 2708:Church of St Peter 2666:(which guards the 2633:to the Holy Land ( 2534: 2480:Book of Revelation 2350:church historian, 2275:is sufficient for 2218:seven Noahide laws 2170:Pauline Christians 2126:convert to Judaism 2074: 2058:Gentile Christians 1922: 1769: 1758: 1640:and both share in 1632:possible. Through 1567: 1538:(10 of which were 1480:Jewish eschatology 1351: 1295:holy anointing oil 1285:and in some cases 1198:Jews of Alexandria 1170:Hellenistic period 1016: 805:Christian religion 797:Paleo-Christianity 789:Early Christianity 489:Church of the East 353:Early Christianity 12487: 12486: 12453: 12452: 12381:Charta Oecumenica 11891: 11890: 11881:Iglesia ni Cristo 11696: 11695: 11676:French Revolution 11666:Thirty Years' War 11538:Apostolic fathers 11506:Great Commandment 11277: 11276: 11254:Eastern Orthodoxy 11122:Finnish Awakening 11077:Holiness movement 11018:Congregationalism 10977: 10976: 10837:Metrical psalters 10274:Eastern Orthodoxy 10218:Neo-Scholasticism 9925:Canon development 9826:Jewish Christians 9568:978-1-4039-6143-3 9553:978-0-19-814785-5 9539:978-0-06-067701-5 9524:978-0-226-65371-6 9492:978-90-04-09521-2 9456:978-1-4934-2242-5 9434:978-1-139-05483-6 9413:Young, Frances M. 9400:978-1-118-33780-6 9376:978-1-139-05483-6 9355:Young, Frances M. 9341:978-1-101-18999-3 9334:. Penguin Books. 9317:978-1-032-19934-4 9289:Project MUSE 9240:978-0-06-185588-7 9216:978-0-687-17182-8 9192:978-0-679-76746-6 9185:. Vintage Books. 9175:Fredriksen, Paula 9168:978-0-8028-4498-9 9148:978-0-14-023199-1 9122:978-0-567-12510-1 9098:978-0-8091-4234-7 9052:978-1-935228-15-8 8775:A. E. Medlycott, 8728:History in Africa 8654:History in Africa 8638:978-0-615-65297-9 8582:978-0-7391-3386-6 8477:978-0-06-210452-6 8335:. Paulist Press. 8267:978-0-19-280290-3 8243:978-0-19-511875-9 8231:978-0-8028-4498-9 8219:978-0-8091-3610-0 8151:978-0-19-280290-3 8077:Blue Letter Bible 8053:Blue Letter Bible 8034:978-0-300-12581-8 7913:978-0-385-24767-2 7894:Brown, Raymond E. 7817:978-0-8028-7171-8 7626:978-0-8240-5745-9 7564:, pp. 44–48. 7548:978-1-139-48730-6 7494:at tertullian.org 7464:, pp. 91–92. 7398:Novum Testamentum 7340:Dunn, James D. G. 7305:978-90-04-09521-2 7258:978-1-032-19934-4 7196:978-1-5064-5711-6 7129:978-0-300-13982-2 7029:978-2-84835-260-2 6860:978-0-300-19051-9 6837:Fredriksen, Paula 6643:978-0-19-280290-3 6466:, pp. 28–29. 6423:978-0-19-280290-3 6346:978-0-385-50584-0 6239:, pp. 15–16. 6130:, pp. 91–95. 6106:, pp. 80–81. 6022:, pp. 62–64. 5986:, pp. 33–37. 5938:, pp. 46–47. 5902:, pp. 58–60. 5890:, pp. 57–59. 5847:978-0-385-50584-0 5816:978-0-7922-7313-4 5792:, pp. 19–20. 5478:Arabian Peninsula 5462:Arabian Peninsula 5406:Shemon Bar Sabbae 5278:canonical gospels 5238:Doctrine of Addai 5222:Abgar V of Edessa 5218:Doctrine of Addai 5040:were assigned to 5010: 5009: 5002: 4930:Georgian alphabet 4922:Church of Antioch 4789:Bishop of Lincoln 4787:, along with the 4701:south across the 4699:Iberian peninsula 4660:Bishop of Seville 4535:Caesarea Maritima 4507:St Paul's Islands 4482:Strait of Messina 4449: 4448: 4441: 4423: 4087:Carthage, in the 4010:Western text-type 3917:in the church of 3850:Irenaeus of Lyons 3833:in 64, after the 3235:Adolf von Harnack 3140:, then after 133 3138:Caesarea Maritima 3037:Marcion of Sinope 2931:The tradition of 2789:Syriac Sinaiticus 2773:Gospel of Matthew 2769:Bishop of Antioch 2728:School of Antioch 2638: 326–328 AD 2524:A diagram of the 2354:, wrote that the 2340: 150–215 AD 2208:, who valued the 2186:Greco-Roman world 2182:male circumcision 2134:male circumcision 2080:according to the 1967: 150–215 AD 1934:according to the 1593:miracles of Jesus 1450:Jesus grew up in 1396:canonical gospels 1369:Jesus of Nazareth 1174:Ancient Near East 1163:wisdom literature 902:"—the Greek noun 849:Jewish Christians 786: 785: 639: 638: 612:Latter Day Saints 597:Iglesia ni Cristo 562:United Protestant 547:Plymouth Brethren 482:Oriental Orthodox 90: 89: 82: 16:(Redirected from 12532: 12477: 12476: 12467: 12466: 12310:Environmentalism 12260:Church buildings 12162: 12161: 11977:Eastern Orthodox 11972:Eastern Catholic 11884: 11883: 11851:Eastern Catholic 11829:Eastern Orthodox 11717: 11716: 11638:Age of Discovery 11623:East–West Schism 11521:Great Commission 11452: 11451: 11304: 11297: 11290: 11281: 11280: 10696: 10695: 10083:Non-Chalcedonian 10064:Constantinople I 9856:General epistles 9851:Pauline epistles 9831:Paul the Apostle 9809:Great Commission 9627: 9620: 9613: 9604: 9603: 9581:Early Christians 9543:Taylor, Joan E. 9504: 9483:Brill Publishers 9465:Seifrid, Mark A. 9460: 9438: 9404: 9385:McGrath, Alister 9380: 9345: 9321: 9302:Esler, Philip F. 9296: 9244: 9220: 9196: 9184: 9152: 9140: 9137:The Early Church 9126: 9102: 9068: 9063: 9057: 9056: 9037:Sozomen, Hermias 9033: 9027: 9024: 9018: 9017: 9011: 9010: 9005:on 25 April 2017 9004: 8998:. Archived from 8997: 8988: 8982: 8981: 8979: 8978: 8972: 8966:. Archived from 8965: 8956: 8943: 8935: 8929: 8923: 8917: 8905: 8899: 8889: 8883: 8882: 8871: 8865: 8860: 8854: 8847: 8838: 8837: 8835: 8833: 8824:. Archived from 8814: 8808: 8791:, chapter 4:30; 8773: 8752: 8751: 8723: 8717: 8716: 8709: 8703: 8702: 8700: 8699: 8690:. Archived from 8684: 8678: 8677: 8649: 8643: 8642: 8624: 8618: 8608: 8602: 8601: 8593: 8587: 8586: 8562: 8556: 8555: 8538: 8532: 8531: 8514: 8508: 8501: 8495: 8488: 8482: 8481: 8458: 8452: 8445: 8439: 8424: 8418: 8405: 8399: 8390: 8384: 8375: 8369: 8358: 8349: 8348: 8328: 8322: 8317: 8311: 8308: 8302: 8301: 8291: 8285: 8279: 8273: 8259: 8246: 8203: 8197: 8185: 8179: 8178:Pennington, p. 2 8176: 8170: 8163: 8157: 8140: 8134: 8133: 8131: 8129: 8118: 8112: 8111: 8104: 8098: 8093: 8087: 8086: 8084: 8083: 8069: 8063: 8062: 8060: 8059: 8045: 8039: 8038: 8019:Freeman, Charles 8015: 8009: 8000: 7994: 7989: 7983: 7973: 7967: 7959: 7953: 7948: 7942: 7936: 7930: 7924: 7918: 7917: 7890: 7884: 7877:Philip Schaff's 7874: 7868: 7851: 7845: 7840: 7834: 7828: 7822: 7821: 7792: 7786: 7781: 7775: 7769: 7763: 7753: 7747: 7711: 7705: 7682: 7676: 7664: 7658: 7653: 7647: 7646: 7604: 7598: 7588: 7582: 7571: 7565: 7559: 7553: 7552: 7532: 7526: 7521:15.44 quoted in 7514: 7508: 7503: 7497: 7483: 7477: 7471: 7465: 7459: 7453: 7447: 7446: 7411:Brill Publishers 7392: 7386: 7385: 7344:Reinhartz, Adele 7336: 7330: 7324: 7318: 7317: 7296:Brill Publishers 7276:Seifrid, Mark A. 7272: 7263: 7262: 7228: 7217: 7216: 7173:(8th ed.). 7162: 7149: 7146: 7140: 7134: 7133: 7114:. Vol. 31. 7100: 7091: 7090: 7052: 7046: 7045: 7013: 6985: 6979: 6973: 6972: 6936: 6930: 6924: 6923: 6909: 6907: 6875:Kohler, Kaufmann 6871: 6865: 6864: 6833: 6824: 6823: 6821: 6819: 6778: 6769: 6768: 6766: 6764: 6723: 6714: 6713: 6711: 6709: 6666: 6657: 6648: 6647: 6602: 6581: 6564: 6558: 6552: 6546: 6540: 6534: 6527: 6518: 6491: 6482: 6476: 6467: 6461: 6452: 6446: 6440: 6434: 6428: 6427: 6382: 6351: 6350: 6330: 6313: 6312: 6294: 6288: 6282: 6276: 6270: 6264: 6258: 6252: 6246: 6240: 6234: 6228: 6222: 6216: 6210: 6197: 6185: 6179: 6173: 6167: 6161: 6155: 6149: 6143: 6137: 6131: 6125: 6119: 6113: 6107: 6101: 6095: 6089: 6083: 6077: 6071: 6065: 6059: 6053: 6047: 6041: 6035: 6029: 6023: 6017: 6011: 6005: 5999: 5993: 5987: 5981: 5975: 5969: 5963: 5957: 5951: 5945: 5939: 5933: 5927: 5926:, p. 66–69. 5921: 5915: 5909: 5903: 5897: 5891: 5885: 5879: 5873: 5867: 5861: 5855: 5854: 5833: 5824: 5823: 5802: 5793: 5787: 5781: 5776: 5770: 5749: 5748: 5742: 5736: 5729: 5723: 5722: 5720: 5718: 5702: 5457: 5450:Sozomen, in his 5167:Fertile Crescent 5113:Coromandel Coast 5030:Eusebius' record 5005: 4998: 4994: 4991: 4985: 4962: 4961: 4954: 4896:by the Apostles 4879:Jude the Apostle 4799:Christianisation 4781:Bishop of London 4741:Julius and Aaron 4685:Justa and Rufina 4669:Hispania Baetica 4444: 4437: 4433: 4430: 4424: 4422: 4381: 4357: 4349: 4138:(died 429), and 4082:ancient Carthage 3989:dating of Easter 3965:Pope Telesphorus 3924: 3919:Santa Pudenziana 3909:A scene showing 3856:, recorded that 3808:Jewish Christian 3806:claims that the 3777:, seen from the 3672:, following the 3664:near modern-day 3662:Saint Athanasius 3590:Paul the Apostle 3455:Acts of Apostles 3433:Epistle to Titus 3413:Apostolic Father 3360:Church of Greece 3328:Road to Damascus 3255:Church of Cyprus 3189:(subordinates). 3181:metropolitan see 3154:Palaestina Prima 3093:Byzantine Empire 3041:Melito of Sardis 3029:Quartodecimanism 2933:John the Apostle 2908:Western Anatolia 2878:Diocese of Egypt 2829:Alexandrian Rite 2751:and a center of 2639: 2636: 2547:Aelia Capitolina 2477: 2475: 2466: 2464: 2455: 2453: 2403:Olivet Discourse 2399:Synoptic Gospels 2341: 2338: 2325:Rabbinic Judaism 2259:directed to the 2253:Paul the Apostle 2245:Great Commission 2145: 2142: 2108: 2105: 2099:Aelia Capitolina 2078:Christian Church 2052:Christian church 2029:Olivet Discourse 2025:synoptic gospels 2022: 2014: 1968: 1965: 1932:Christian Church 1888:Jerusalem church 1863: 1810: 1738:Pauline epistles 1717: 1714:Tacitus on Jesus 1710:Pontius Pilate" 1701: 1695: 1692: 1688: 1685: 1667: 1664: 1638:union with Jesus 1578: 1565: 1561: 1558: 1468:John the Baptist 1447:of Jesus' life. 1438: 1434: 1431: 1423: 1420: 1412: 1408: 1405: 1392:Paul the Apostle 1388:Pauline epistles 1381: 1377: 1374: 1303:2 Samuel 7:11–17 1280: 1153:and the city of 1117: 1109: 1104:Maccabean Revolt 1101: 1099: 1090: 1086: 1083: 1075: 1071: 1068: 1036: 1033: 1026:named after the 892:Great Commission 799:, describes the 778: 771: 764: 747: 592:Christadelphians 522:Free Evangelical 475:Eastern Orthodox 432: 431: 383:East–West Schism 115: 92: 91: 85: 78: 74: 71: 65: 60:this article by 51:inline citations 38: 37: 30: 21: 12540: 12539: 12535: 12534: 12533: 12531: 12530: 12529: 12490: 12489: 12488: 12483: 12461: 12449: 12403: 12358: 12276: 12157: 12151: 12106: 12031:One true church 11887: 11855: 11815: 11704: 11692: 11642: 11599: 11544: 11471:in Christianity 11457: 11443: 11437: 11429: 11388: 11364: 11356: 11313: 11308: 11278: 11273: 11223: 11210:Christian right 11112:Oxford Movement 11087:Restorationists 11058: 10973: 10906: 10841: 10792:Presbyterianism 10763: 10743:Book of Concord 10694: 10618: 10616: 10608: 10375: 10265: 10258: 10094: 9993: 9985: 9944:Clement of Rome 9874: 9867: 9771: 9765: 9654: 9636: 9631: 9577: 9511: 9509:Further reading 9493: 9457: 9435: 9401: 9377: 9342: 9318: 9241: 9217: 9193: 9156:Dunn, James D.G 9149: 9131:Chadwick, Henry 9123: 9099: 9076: 9071: 9064: 9060: 9053: 9034: 9030: 9025: 9021: 9008: 9006: 9002: 8995: 8989: 8985: 8976: 8974: 8970: 8963: 8959:Dickens, Mark. 8957: 8946: 8936: 8932: 8924: 8920: 8906: 8902: 8890: 8886: 8872: 8868: 8861: 8857: 8848: 8841: 8831: 8829: 8816: 8815: 8811: 8774: 8755: 8740:10.2307/3171466 8724: 8720: 8711: 8710: 8706: 8697: 8695: 8686: 8685: 8681: 8666:10.2307/3171466 8650: 8646: 8639: 8625: 8621: 8609: 8605: 8594: 8590: 8583: 8563: 8559: 8542:Benham, William 8539: 8535: 8515: 8511: 8502: 8498: 8489: 8485: 8478: 8459: 8455: 8446: 8442: 8425: 8421: 8415:Wayback Machine 8406: 8402: 8391: 8387: 8376: 8372: 8359: 8352: 8329: 8325: 8318: 8314: 8309: 8305: 8293: 8292: 8288: 8280: 8276: 8260: 8249: 8207:Fiscus Judaicus 8204: 8200: 8195:Wayback Machine 8186: 8182: 8177: 8173: 8164: 8160: 8141: 8137: 8127: 8125: 8120: 8119: 8115: 8106: 8105: 8101: 8094: 8090: 8081: 8079: 8071: 8070: 8066: 8057: 8055: 8047: 8046: 8042: 8035: 8016: 8012: 8001: 7997: 7990: 7986: 7974: 7970: 7960: 7956: 7949: 7945: 7937: 7933: 7925: 7921: 7914: 7891: 7887: 7875: 7871: 7852: 7848: 7841: 7837: 7829: 7825: 7818: 7793: 7789: 7782: 7778: 7770: 7766: 7754: 7750: 7740:Eastern bishops 7712: 7708: 7683: 7679: 7665: 7661: 7654: 7650: 7627: 7605: 7601: 7589: 7585: 7572: 7568: 7560: 7556: 7549: 7533: 7529: 7515: 7511: 7504: 7500: 7484: 7480: 7472: 7468: 7460: 7456: 7450: 7393: 7389: 7366:10.2307/3267745 7342:(Autumn 1993). 7337: 7333: 7327: 7321: 7306: 7273: 7266: 7259: 7229: 7220: 7197: 7163: 7152: 7147: 7143: 7137: 7130: 7101: 7094: 7053: 7049: 7030: 6986: 6982: 6976: 6937: 6933: 6927: 6905: 6903: 6879:Hirsch, Emil G. 6872: 6868: 6861: 6834: 6827: 6817: 6815: 6779: 6772: 6762: 6760: 6724: 6717: 6707: 6705: 6664: 6658: 6651: 6644: 6612:, eds. (2005). 6603: 6584: 6565: 6561: 6553: 6549: 6541: 6537: 6528: 6521: 6492: 6485: 6477: 6470: 6462: 6455: 6447: 6443: 6435: 6431: 6424: 6408:. p. 862. 6392:, eds. (2005). 6383: 6354: 6347: 6331: 6316: 6295: 6291: 6283: 6279: 6275:, pp. 7–9. 6271: 6267: 6259: 6255: 6247: 6243: 6235: 6231: 6223: 6219: 6211: 6200: 6186: 6182: 6174: 6170: 6162: 6158: 6150: 6146: 6140:MacCulloch 2010 6138: 6134: 6128:MacCulloch 2010 6126: 6122: 6114: 6110: 6104:MacCulloch 2010 6102: 6098: 6090: 6086: 6078: 6074: 6066: 6062: 6054: 6050: 6042: 6038: 6032:Fredriksen 1999 6030: 6026: 6018: 6014: 6008:Fredriksen 1999 6006: 6002: 5994: 5990: 5982: 5978: 5970: 5966: 5960:MacCulloch 2010 5958: 5954: 5946: 5942: 5934: 5930: 5924:MacCulloch 2010 5922: 5918: 5910: 5906: 5898: 5894: 5886: 5882: 5876:Fredriksen 1999 5874: 5870: 5862: 5858: 5848: 5834: 5827: 5817: 5803: 5796: 5788: 5784: 5777: 5773: 5767:Perseus Project 5743: 5739: 5730: 5726: 5716: 5714: 5703: 5699: 5695: 5658: 5623:records that a 5621:John of Ephesus 5578:man of Ethiopia 5554:Christian Bible 5542: 5528:says that "one 5516:in what is now 5474: 5464: 5458: 5449: 5402:Sasanian Empire 5351:in what is now 5318: 5200:The missionary 5141: 5032:, the apostles 5006: 4995: 4989: 4986: 4978:help improve it 4975: 4963: 4959: 4952: 4940:Main articles: 4938: 4890: 4865:was founded by 4842:, regarded the 4833: 4825: 4815: 4773:pious forgeries 4725: 4719: 4662: 4656: 4578: 4572: 4559:Bishop of Malta 4547:Iudaea Province 4500: 4494: 4459: 4445: 4434: 4428: 4425: 4382: 4380: 4370: 4358: 4347: 4315: 4313:Bishop of Milan 4309: 4277: 4271: 4199: 4176: 4134:(floruit 311), 4074: 4060: 3800: 3764: 3759: 3753: 3721:Simon of Cyrene 3688: 3682: 3587: 3447:Ancient Corinth 3401:Paul's Epistles 3362: 3356: 3317: 3288: 3257: 3251: 3150:Iudaea Province 3146:Herod the Great 3144:, was built by 3131: 3109: 3087:, later called 3061:Synod of Ancyra 2929: 2898: 2831: 2809: 2738: 2736:Antiochene Rite 2700: 2651:cross of Christ 2637: 2589:. According to 2518: 2508: 2503: 2497: 2492: 2482:was written by 2472: 2461: 2450: 2411: 2339: 2329:Herod Agrippa I 2285:Supersessionism 2273:faith in Christ 2232:even stricter. 2168:, according to 2144: 48–50 AD 2143: 2106: 2060: 2020: 2012: 1998:Judas' betrayal 1966: 1952:Herod Agrippa I 1928: 1890: 1829:Roman Macedonia 1775: 1750: 1730: 1724: 1693: 1686: 1665: 1597:the crucifixion 1563: 1559: 1436: 1432: 1421: 1410: 1406: 1379: 1375: 1357: 1343: 1180:(the spread of 1115: 1107: 1096: 1088: 1084: 1078:Seleucid Empire 1076:) and then the 1073: 1069: 1063:Ptolemaic Egypt 1034: 1005: 999: 991:Main articles: 989: 984: 979: 835:throughout the 833:Jewish diaspora 782: 719: 718: 689:Other religions 649: 641: 640: 429: 428: 408: 407: 328: 327: 307: 306: 240: 230: 229: 190: 189: 171: 170: 136: 135: 86: 75: 69: 66: 56:Please help to 55: 39: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 12538: 12528: 12527: 12522: 12517: 12512: 12507: 12502: 12485: 12484: 12482: 12481: 12471: 12458: 12455: 12454: 12451: 12450: 12448: 12447: 12442: 12437: 12432: 12427: 12422: 12417: 12411: 12409: 12405: 12404: 12402: 12401: 12396: 12395: 12394: 12389: 12384: 12372: 12366: 12364: 12360: 12359: 12357: 12356: 12351: 12346: 12341: 12336: 12327: 12322: 12320:Fundamentalism 12317: 12315:Existentialism 12312: 12307: 12302: 12297: 12292: 12286: 12284: 12278: 12277: 12275: 12274: 12269: 12268: 12267: 12257: 12252: 12247: 12242: 12237: 12232: 12227: 12226: 12225: 12215: 12214: 12213: 12208: 12206:God the Father 12203: 12198: 12193: 12183: 12182: 12181: 12170: 12168: 12159: 12153: 12152: 12150: 12149: 12144: 12139: 12138: 12137: 12127: 12122: 12116: 12114: 12108: 12107: 12105: 12104: 12103: 12102: 12092: 12087: 12086: 12085: 12080: 12075: 12070: 12065: 12060: 12055: 12045: 12044: 12043: 12038: 12033: 12028: 12026:Body of Christ 12023: 12013: 12008: 12003: 12002: 12001: 11991: 11986: 11985: 11984: 11979: 11974: 11969: 11959: 11954: 11949: 11944: 11939: 11934: 11929: 11928: 11927: 11922: 11917: 11912: 11901: 11899: 11893: 11892: 11889: 11888: 11886: 11885: 11876: 11871: 11865: 11863: 11861:Restorationist 11857: 11856: 11854: 11853: 11848: 11843: 11838: 11837: 11836: 11825: 11823: 11817: 11816: 11814: 11813: 11808: 11807: 11806: 11801: 11796: 11791: 11786: 11781: 11776: 11771: 11766: 11761: 11756: 11751: 11741: 11736: 11731: 11725: 11723: 11714: 11698: 11697: 11694: 11693: 11691: 11690: 11689: 11688: 11678: 11673: 11668: 11663: 11658: 11652: 11650: 11644: 11643: 11641: 11640: 11635: 11630: 11625: 11620: 11615: 11609: 11607: 11601: 11600: 11598: 11597: 11592: 11587: 11586: 11585: 11580: 11570: 11565: 11563:Late antiquity 11560: 11554: 11552: 11546: 11545: 11543: 11542: 11541: 11540: 11533:Church fathers 11530: 11525: 11524: 11523: 11518: 11513: 11508: 11503: 11498: 11493: 11488: 11483: 11478: 11473: 11462: 11460: 11449: 11431: 11430: 11428: 11427: 11422: 11417: 11412: 11407: 11402: 11396: 11394: 11390: 11389: 11387: 11386: 11381: 11376: 11370: 11368: 11358: 11357: 11355: 11354: 11349: 11344: 11339: 11334: 11329: 11324: 11318: 11315: 11314: 11307: 11306: 11299: 11292: 11284: 11275: 11274: 11272: 11271: 11266: 11261: 11256: 11251: 11246: 11245: 11244: 11239: 11228: 11225: 11224: 11222: 11221: 11216: 11207: 11197: 11192: 11187: 11182: 11177: 11175:Pentecostalism 11172: 11170:Jesus movement 11167: 11159: 11154: 11149: 11144: 11139: 11134: 11129: 11124: 11119: 11114: 11109: 11104: 11099: 11094: 11089: 11084: 11079: 11074: 11068: 11066: 11060: 11059: 11057: 11056: 11047: 11046: 11045: 11035: 11030: 11025: 11020: 11015: 11010: 11009: 11008: 10998: 10993: 10987: 10985: 10979: 10978: 10975: 10974: 10972: 10971: 10964: 10961:Martyrs Mirror 10957: 10952: 10947: 10945:Martyrs' Synod 10942: 10937: 10935:Swiss Brethren 10932: 10927: 10922: 10916: 10914: 10908: 10907: 10905: 10904: 10899: 10892: 10887: 10882: 10877: 10872: 10867: 10862: 10857: 10851: 10849: 10843: 10842: 10840: 10839: 10834: 10829: 10824: 10819: 10814: 10809: 10804: 10799: 10794: 10789: 10784: 10779: 10773: 10771: 10765: 10764: 10762: 10761: 10756: 10751: 10746: 10739: 10734: 10733: 10732: 10727: 10722: 10717: 10704: 10702: 10693: 10692: 10687: 10682: 10680:Law and Gospel 10677: 10672: 10667: 10662: 10657: 10656: 10655: 10645: 10640: 10635: 10630: 10624: 10622: 10610: 10609: 10607: 10606: 10605: 10604: 10594: 10589: 10584: 10579: 10574: 10569: 10568: 10567: 10557: 10552: 10547: 10542: 10537: 10532: 10527: 10522: 10517: 10512: 10507: 10502: 10497: 10492: 10487: 10482: 10477: 10472: 10471: 10470: 10465: 10460: 10455: 10450: 10445: 10435: 10434: 10433: 10432: 10431: 10421: 10416: 10411: 10401: 10396: 10391: 10385: 10383: 10377: 10376: 10374: 10373: 10368: 10363: 10361:Ottoman Empire 10358: 10353: 10348: 10343: 10338: 10333: 10328: 10323: 10318: 10313: 10312: 10311: 10306: 10296: 10291: 10286: 10281: 10276: 10270: 10268: 10260: 10259: 10257: 10256: 10251: 10250: 10249: 10235: 10230: 10225: 10220: 10215: 10210: 10205: 10200: 10191: 10186: 10181: 10176: 10175: 10174: 10173: 10172: 10162: 10157: 10152: 10142: 10137: 10132: 10127: 10122: 10121: 10120: 10115: 10104: 10102: 10096: 10095: 10093: 10092: 10090:Biblical canon 10087: 10086: 10085: 10071: 10066: 10061: 10056: 10051: 10046: 10045: 10044: 10039: 10029: 10024: 10019: 10014: 10013: 10012: 10001: 9999: 9991:Late antiquity 9987: 9986: 9984: 9983: 9978: 9977: 9976: 9971: 9966: 9961: 9956: 9951: 9946: 9939:Church Fathers 9932: 9927: 9922: 9921: 9920: 9915: 9910: 9905: 9900: 9895: 9890: 9879: 9877: 9869: 9868: 9866: 9865: 9864: 9863: 9858: 9853: 9848: 9843: 9833: 9828: 9823: 9818: 9813: 9812: 9811: 9806: 9801: 9796: 9791: 9781: 9775: 9773: 9767: 9766: 9764: 9763: 9758: 9753: 9748: 9743: 9738: 9733: 9728: 9723: 9718: 9713: 9708: 9703: 9698: 9693: 9688: 9683: 9678: 9673: 9668: 9662: 9660: 9656: 9655: 9653: 9652: 9647: 9641: 9638: 9637: 9630: 9629: 9622: 9615: 9607: 9601: 9600: 9594: 9589: 9584: 9576: 9575:External links 9573: 9572: 9571: 9556: 9541: 9529:Stark, Rodney. 9527: 9510: 9507: 9506: 9505: 9491: 9461: 9455: 9439: 9433: 9405: 9399: 9381: 9375: 9346: 9340: 9322: 9316: 9297: 9249:Hopkins, Keith 9245: 9239: 9221: 9215: 9197: 9191: 9171: 9153: 9147: 9127: 9121: 9107:Bond, Helen K. 9103: 9097: 9075: 9072: 9070: 9069: 9058: 9051: 9028: 9019: 8983: 8944: 8930: 8918: 8900: 8884: 8866: 8855: 8839: 8809: 8793:J. N. Farquhar 8753: 8718: 8704: 8679: 8644: 8637: 8619: 8603: 8588: 8581: 8557: 8533: 8509: 8496: 8483: 8476: 8453: 8440: 8419: 8400: 8385: 8370: 8350: 8323: 8312: 8303: 8286: 8274: 8247: 8198: 8180: 8171: 8158: 8135: 8113: 8099: 8088: 8064: 8040: 8033: 8010: 8005:Church History 7995: 7984: 7968: 7954: 7943: 7931: 7919: 7912: 7885: 7869: 7846: 7835: 7823: 7816: 7804:Hurtado, Larry 7787: 7776: 7764: 7748: 7744:Pope Sergius I 7724:Western Church 7706: 7677: 7669:Church History 7659: 7648: 7625: 7599: 7583: 7566: 7554: 7547: 7527: 7525:, p. 45). 7523:González (2010 7509: 7498: 7478: 7466: 7454: 7448: 7387: 7331: 7325: 7319: 7304: 7264: 7257: 7218: 7195: 7179:Fortress Press 7150: 7141: 7135: 7128: 7092: 7058:Revue Biblique 7047: 7028: 6980: 6974: 6940:Neusner, Jacob 6931: 6925: 6883:Jacobs, Joseph 6866: 6859: 6825: 6770: 6715: 6649: 6642: 6582: 6559: 6547: 6535: 6519: 6495:Church History 6483: 6468: 6453: 6441: 6439:, p. 103. 6429: 6422: 6352: 6345: 6314: 6289: 6287:, p. 195. 6277: 6265: 6253: 6241: 6229: 6217: 6198: 6196:, p. 38). 6180: 6168: 6156: 6144: 6132: 6120: 6118:, p. 109. 6108: 6096: 6084: 6072: 6060: 6048: 6036: 6034:, p. 124. 6024: 6012: 6000: 5988: 5976: 5964: 5952: 5940: 5928: 5916: 5904: 5892: 5880: 5878:, p. 121. 5868: 5856: 5846: 5825: 5815: 5794: 5782: 5771: 5737: 5724: 5696: 5694: 5691: 5690: 5689: 5684: 5679: 5674: 5669: 5664: 5657: 5654: 5586: 5585: 5541: 5538: 5463: 5460: 5447: 5341:Persian Empire 5317: 5314: 5194:Zoroastrianism 5140: 5137: 5129:Acts of Thomas 5054:Acts of Thomas 5008: 5007: 4966: 4964: 4957: 4937: 4934: 4889: 4886: 4877:and Thaddeus ( 4832: 4829: 4814: 4811: 4793:Bishop of York 4718: 4715: 4690:Edict of Milan 4655: 4652: 4571: 4568: 4539:Porcius Festus 4511:St. Paul's Bay 4493: 4490: 4447: 4446: 4361: 4359: 4352: 4346: 4343: 4333:attributed to 4331:Ambrosian Rite 4308: 4305: 4301:Aquileian Rite 4289:Northern Italy 4270: 4267: 4251:Saint Pothinus 4247:Bishop of Lyon 4175: 4172: 4160:Latin language 4136:Saint Aurelius 4120:Latin language 4104:Church of Rome 4059: 4056: 3957:Pope Clement I 3935:Constantinople 3888:Oscar Cullmann 3847:second century 3841:, the Emperor 3786:Bishop of Rome 3763: 3760: 3752: 3749: 3681: 3678: 3596:, and also in 3586: 3583: 3473:was sent from 3355: 3352: 3287: 3284: 3280:Sergius Paulus 3250: 3247: 3221:in 614 or the 3213:(d. 379), and 3117:Roman aqueduct 3108: 3105: 3089:Constantinople 2969:John of Patmos 2935:was strong in 2897: 2894: 2866:Desert Fathers 2848:learning. The 2808: 2805: 2699: 2696: 2684:Church of Rome 2672:Edict of Milan 2507: 2504: 2496: 2493: 2491: 2488: 2484:John of Patmos 2410: 2407: 2361:In 66 AD, the 2202:ancient Greeks 2059: 2056: 1986:Jewish Sabbath 1889: 1886: 1870:Galatians 3:28 1771:Main article: 1749: 1748:Initial spread 1746: 1726:Main article: 1723: 1720: 1530:. Jesus chose 1476:Kingdom of God 1342: 1339: 1335:final judgment 1323:House of David 1151:land of Israel 1102:) sparked the 1043:Persian Empire 988: 985: 983: 980: 978: 975: 896:house churches 872:Apostolic sees 801:historical era 784: 783: 781: 780: 773: 766: 758: 755: 754: 753: 752: 740: 739: 734: 729: 721: 720: 717: 716: 711: 706: 701: 696: 691: 686: 681: 676: 671: 666: 661: 656: 650: 648:Related topics 647: 646: 643: 642: 637: 636: 635: 634: 629: 624: 619: 614: 609: 604: 599: 594: 586: 585: 583:Restorationist 579: 578: 577: 576: 575: 574: 569: 564: 559: 554: 549: 544: 539: 534: 529: 524: 519: 514: 509: 504: 492: 485: 478: 471: 466: 461: 460: 459: 454: 439: 438: 430: 427: 426: 421: 415: 414: 413: 410: 409: 406: 405: 400: 395: 390: 385: 380: 375: 370: 365: 360: 358:Church Fathers 355: 350: 345: 340: 335: 329: 326: 325: 320: 314: 313: 312: 309: 308: 305: 304: 299: 294: 289: 284: 279: 274: 269: 268: 267: 262: 257: 247: 241: 236: 235: 232: 231: 228: 227: 222: 217: 212: 207: 202: 197: 191: 188: 187: 184: 178: 177: 176: 173: 172: 169: 168: 163: 158: 153: 148: 143: 137: 134: 133: 128: 122: 121: 120: 117: 116: 108: 107: 101: 100: 88: 87: 70:September 2020 42: 40: 33: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 12537: 12526: 12523: 12521: 12518: 12516: 12513: 12511: 12508: 12506: 12503: 12501: 12498: 12497: 12495: 12480: 12472: 12470: 12465: 12460: 12459: 12456: 12446: 12443: 12441: 12438: 12436: 12433: 12431: 12428: 12426: 12423: 12421: 12418: 12416: 12413: 12412: 12410: 12406: 12400: 12397: 12393: 12390: 12388: 12385: 12383: 12382: 12378: 12377: 12376: 12373: 12371: 12368: 12367: 12365: 12361: 12355: 12352: 12350: 12347: 12345: 12342: 12340: 12337: 12335: 12331: 12328: 12326: 12323: 12321: 12318: 12316: 12313: 12311: 12308: 12306: 12303: 12301: 12298: 12296: 12293: 12291: 12288: 12287: 12285: 12283: 12279: 12273: 12270: 12266: 12263: 12262: 12261: 12258: 12256: 12255:Popular piety 12253: 12251: 12248: 12246: 12243: 12241: 12238: 12236: 12233: 12231: 12228: 12224: 12221: 12220: 12219: 12216: 12212: 12209: 12207: 12204: 12202: 12199: 12197: 12194: 12192: 12189: 12188: 12187: 12184: 12180: 12177: 12176: 12175: 12172: 12171: 12169: 12167: 12163: 12160: 12154: 12148: 12145: 12143: 12140: 12136: 12133: 12132: 12131: 12128: 12126: 12123: 12121: 12118: 12117: 12115: 12113: 12109: 12101: 12098: 12097: 12096: 12093: 12091: 12088: 12084: 12081: 12079: 12076: 12074: 12071: 12069: 12066: 12064: 12061: 12059: 12056: 12054: 12051: 12050: 12049: 12046: 12042: 12039: 12037: 12036:People of God 12034: 12032: 12029: 12027: 12024: 12022: 12019: 12018: 12017: 12014: 12012: 12009: 12007: 12004: 12000: 11997: 11996: 11995: 11992: 11990: 11987: 11983: 11980: 11978: 11975: 11973: 11970: 11968: 11965: 11964: 11963: 11960: 11958: 11955: 11953: 11950: 11948: 11945: 11943: 11940: 11938: 11935: 11933: 11930: 11926: 11923: 11921: 11918: 11916: 11913: 11911: 11908: 11907: 11906: 11903: 11902: 11900: 11898: 11894: 11882: 11877: 11875: 11872: 11870: 11867: 11866: 11864: 11862: 11858: 11852: 11849: 11847: 11844: 11842: 11839: 11835: 11832: 11831: 11830: 11827: 11826: 11824: 11822: 11818: 11812: 11809: 11805: 11802: 11800: 11797: 11795: 11792: 11790: 11787: 11785: 11782: 11780: 11777: 11775: 11772: 11770: 11767: 11765: 11762: 11760: 11757: 11755: 11752: 11750: 11747: 11746: 11745: 11742: 11740: 11737: 11735: 11732: 11730: 11727: 11726: 11724: 11722: 11718: 11715: 11712: 11708: 11703: 11702:Denominations 11699: 11687: 11684: 11683: 11682: 11679: 11677: 11674: 11672: 11671:Enlightenment 11669: 11667: 11664: 11662: 11659: 11657: 11654: 11653: 11651: 11649: 11645: 11639: 11636: 11634: 11631: 11629: 11626: 11624: 11621: 11619: 11616: 11614: 11611: 11610: 11608: 11606: 11602: 11596: 11593: 11591: 11588: 11584: 11581: 11579: 11576: 11575: 11574: 11571: 11569: 11566: 11564: 11561: 11559: 11556: 11555: 11553: 11551: 11547: 11539: 11536: 11535: 11534: 11531: 11529: 11526: 11522: 11519: 11517: 11514: 11512: 11509: 11507: 11504: 11502: 11499: 11497: 11494: 11492: 11489: 11487: 11484: 11482: 11479: 11477: 11474: 11472: 11469: 11468: 11467: 11464: 11463: 11461: 11459: 11453: 11450: 11447: 11441: 11436: 11432: 11426: 11423: 11421: 11418: 11416: 11413: 11411: 11408: 11406: 11403: 11401: 11398: 11397: 11395: 11391: 11385: 11384:New Testament 11382: 11380: 11379:Old Testament 11377: 11375: 11372: 11371: 11369: 11367: 11363: 11359: 11353: 11350: 11348: 11345: 11343: 11340: 11338: 11335: 11333: 11330: 11328: 11325: 11323: 11320: 11319: 11316: 11312: 11305: 11300: 11298: 11293: 11291: 11286: 11285: 11282: 11270: 11267: 11265: 11264:Protestantism 11262: 11260: 11257: 11255: 11252: 11250: 11247: 11243: 11240: 11238: 11235: 11234: 11233: 11230: 11229: 11226: 11220: 11217: 11215: 11211: 11208: 11205: 11201: 11198: 11196: 11193: 11191: 11188: 11186: 11183: 11181: 11178: 11176: 11173: 11171: 11168: 11166: 11165: 11160: 11158: 11155: 11153: 11150: 11148: 11145: 11143: 11140: 11138: 11137:Azusa Revival 11135: 11133: 11130: 11128: 11125: 11123: 11120: 11118: 11117:Laestadianism 11115: 11113: 11110: 11108: 11105: 11103: 11100: 11098: 11095: 11093: 11090: 11088: 11085: 11083: 11080: 11078: 11075: 11073: 11070: 11069: 11067: 11065: 11061: 11055: 11054:Old Lutherans 11051: 11048: 11044: 11041: 11040: 11039: 11036: 11034: 11031: 11029: 11026: 11024: 11021: 11019: 11016: 11014: 11011: 11007: 11004: 11003: 11002: 10999: 10997: 10994: 10992: 10989: 10988: 10986: 10984: 10980: 10970: 10969: 10965: 10963: 10962: 10958: 10956: 10953: 10951: 10948: 10946: 10943: 10941: 10938: 10936: 10933: 10931: 10928: 10926: 10923: 10921: 10918: 10917: 10915: 10913: 10909: 10903: 10900: 10898: 10897: 10893: 10891: 10888: 10886: 10883: 10881: 10878: 10876: 10873: 10871: 10868: 10866: 10863: 10861: 10858: 10856: 10853: 10852: 10850: 10848: 10844: 10838: 10835: 10833: 10830: 10828: 10825: 10823: 10820: 10818: 10815: 10813: 10810: 10808: 10805: 10803: 10800: 10798: 10795: 10793: 10790: 10788: 10785: 10783: 10780: 10778: 10775: 10774: 10772: 10770: 10766: 10760: 10757: 10755: 10752: 10750: 10747: 10745: 10744: 10740: 10738: 10735: 10731: 10728: 10726: 10723: 10721: 10720:Diet of Worms 10718: 10716: 10715: 10711: 10710: 10709: 10706: 10705: 10703: 10701: 10697: 10691: 10688: 10686: 10683: 10681: 10678: 10676: 10673: 10671: 10668: 10666: 10663: 10661: 10658: 10654: 10651: 10650: 10649: 10646: 10644: 10641: 10639: 10636: 10634: 10631: 10629: 10626: 10625: 10623: 10621: 10620:Protestantism 10615: 10611: 10603: 10600: 10599: 10598: 10595: 10593: 10590: 10588: 10585: 10583: 10580: 10578: 10575: 10573: 10570: 10566: 10563: 10562: 10561: 10558: 10556: 10553: 10551: 10548: 10546: 10543: 10541: 10538: 10536: 10533: 10531: 10528: 10526: 10523: 10521: 10518: 10516: 10513: 10511: 10508: 10506: 10503: 10501: 10498: 10496: 10493: 10491: 10488: 10486: 10483: 10481: 10478: 10476: 10473: 10469: 10466: 10464: 10461: 10459: 10456: 10454: 10451: 10449: 10446: 10444: 10441: 10440: 10439: 10436: 10430: 10427: 10426: 10425: 10422: 10420: 10417: 10415: 10412: 10410: 10407: 10406: 10405: 10402: 10400: 10397: 10395: 10392: 10390: 10387: 10386: 10384: 10382: 10378: 10372: 10371:North America 10369: 10367: 10364: 10362: 10359: 10357: 10354: 10352: 10349: 10347: 10344: 10342: 10339: 10337: 10334: 10332: 10329: 10327: 10324: 10322: 10319: 10317: 10314: 10310: 10307: 10305: 10302: 10301: 10300: 10297: 10295: 10292: 10290: 10287: 10285: 10282: 10280: 10277: 10275: 10272: 10271: 10269: 10267: 10261: 10255: 10252: 10248: 10245: 10244: 10243: 10239: 10236: 10234: 10231: 10229: 10226: 10224: 10221: 10219: 10216: 10214: 10211: 10209: 10206: 10204: 10201: 10199: 10195: 10192: 10190: 10187: 10185: 10182: 10180: 10177: 10171: 10168: 10167: 10166: 10163: 10161: 10158: 10156: 10153: 10151: 10148: 10147: 10146: 10143: 10141: 10138: 10136: 10133: 10131: 10128: 10126: 10123: 10119: 10116: 10114: 10111: 10110: 10109: 10106: 10105: 10103: 10101: 10097: 10091: 10088: 10084: 10080: 10077: 10076: 10075: 10072: 10070: 10067: 10065: 10062: 10060: 10057: 10055: 10052: 10050: 10047: 10043: 10040: 10038: 10035: 10034: 10033: 10030: 10028: 10025: 10023: 10020: 10018: 10015: 10011: 10008: 10007: 10006: 10003: 10002: 10000: 9997: 9992: 9988: 9982: 9981:Early African 9979: 9975: 9972: 9970: 9967: 9965: 9964:Justin Martyr 9962: 9960: 9957: 9955: 9952: 9950: 9947: 9945: 9942: 9941: 9940: 9936: 9933: 9931: 9928: 9926: 9923: 9919: 9916: 9914: 9911: 9909: 9906: 9904: 9901: 9899: 9896: 9894: 9891: 9889: 9886: 9885: 9884: 9881: 9880: 9878: 9876: 9870: 9862: 9859: 9857: 9854: 9852: 9849: 9847: 9844: 9842: 9839: 9838: 9837: 9834: 9832: 9829: 9827: 9824: 9822: 9819: 9817: 9814: 9810: 9807: 9805: 9802: 9800: 9797: 9795: 9792: 9790: 9787: 9786: 9785: 9784:Life of Jesus 9782: 9780: 9777: 9776: 9774: 9772:Apostolic Age 9768: 9762: 9759: 9757: 9754: 9752: 9749: 9747: 9744: 9742: 9739: 9737: 9734: 9732: 9729: 9727: 9724: 9722: 9719: 9717: 9714: 9712: 9709: 9707: 9704: 9702: 9699: 9697: 9694: 9692: 9689: 9687: 9684: 9682: 9679: 9677: 9674: 9672: 9669: 9667: 9664: 9663: 9661: 9657: 9651: 9648: 9646: 9643: 9642: 9639: 9635: 9628: 9623: 9621: 9616: 9614: 9609: 9608: 9605: 9598: 9595: 9593: 9590: 9588: 9585: 9582: 9579: 9578: 9569: 9565: 9561: 9557: 9554: 9550: 9546: 9542: 9540: 9536: 9532: 9528: 9525: 9521: 9517: 9513: 9512: 9502: 9498: 9494: 9488: 9484: 9480: 9476: 9472: 9471: 9466: 9462: 9458: 9452: 9448: 9444: 9443:Schnelle, Udo 9440: 9436: 9430: 9426: 9422: 9418: 9414: 9410: 9406: 9402: 9396: 9392: 9391: 9386: 9382: 9378: 9372: 9368: 9364: 9360: 9356: 9352: 9347: 9343: 9337: 9333: 9332: 9327: 9323: 9319: 9313: 9309: 9308: 9303: 9298: 9294: 9290: 9286: 9282: 9278: 9274: 9270: 9266: 9262: 9258: 9254: 9250: 9246: 9242: 9236: 9232: 9231: 9226: 9222: 9218: 9212: 9208: 9207: 9202: 9198: 9194: 9188: 9183: 9182: 9176: 9172: 9169: 9165: 9161: 9157: 9154: 9150: 9144: 9139: 9138: 9132: 9128: 9124: 9118: 9114: 9113: 9108: 9104: 9100: 9094: 9090: 9089:Paulist Press 9086: 9082: 9078: 9077: 9067: 9062: 9054: 9048: 9044: 9043: 9038: 9032: 9023: 9016: 9001: 8994: 8987: 8973:on 2017-04-25 8969: 8962: 8955: 8953: 8951: 8949: 8942: 8939: 8934: 8928:, ad. an. 201 8927: 8922: 8915: 8914: 8909: 8904: 8898: 8894: 8888: 8881: 8877: 8870: 8864: 8859: 8852: 8846: 8844: 8827: 8823: 8819: 8813: 8806: 8802: 8798: 8794: 8790: 8786: 8782: 8778: 8772: 8770: 8768: 8766: 8764: 8762: 8760: 8758: 8749: 8745: 8741: 8737: 8733: 8729: 8722: 8714: 8708: 8694:on 2011-08-03 8693: 8689: 8683: 8675: 8671: 8667: 8663: 8659: 8655: 8648: 8640: 8634: 8630: 8623: 8616: 8612: 8607: 8599: 8592: 8584: 8578: 8574: 8570: 8569: 8561: 8553: 8549: 8548: 8543: 8537: 8530: 8526: 8522: 8521: 8513: 8506: 8500: 8493: 8487: 8479: 8473: 8469: 8468: 8463: 8457: 8450: 8444: 8437: 8433: 8429: 8423: 8416: 8412: 8409: 8404: 8397: 8396: 8389: 8381: 8374: 8367: 8363: 8357: 8355: 8347: 8344: 8340: 8334: 8327: 8321: 8316: 8307: 8300: 8296: 8290: 8283: 8278: 8272: 8268: 8264: 8258: 8256: 8254: 8252: 8244: 8240: 8236: 8232: 8228: 8224: 8220: 8216: 8212: 8208: 8202: 8196: 8192: 8189: 8184: 8175: 8168: 8162: 8156: 8155:Priscilla, St 8152: 8148: 8144: 8139: 8123: 8117: 8109: 8103: 8097: 8092: 8078: 8074: 8068: 8054: 8050: 8044: 8036: 8030: 8026: 8025: 8020: 8014: 8007: 8006: 7999: 7993: 7988: 7981: 7977: 7972: 7966: 7965: 7958: 7952: 7947: 7940: 7935: 7928: 7923: 7915: 7909: 7905: 7901: 7900: 7895: 7889: 7882: 7880: 7873: 7866: 7865:great bishops 7862: 7858: 7855: 7850: 7844: 7839: 7833: 7827: 7819: 7813: 7809: 7805: 7801: 7797: 7791: 7785: 7780: 7774: 7768: 7761: 7759: 7752: 7745: 7741: 7737: 7733: 7729: 7725: 7721: 7720: 7715: 7710: 7703: 7699: 7694: 7690: 7688: 7681: 7675: 7674: 7670: 7663: 7657: 7652: 7644: 7640: 7636: 7632: 7628: 7622: 7618: 7614: 7610: 7603: 7596: 7594: 7587: 7580: 7576: 7570: 7563: 7562:González 2010 7558: 7550: 7544: 7540: 7539: 7531: 7524: 7520: 7519: 7513: 7507: 7502: 7495: 7493: 7487: 7482: 7475: 7470: 7463: 7458: 7452: 7444: 7440: 7436: 7432: 7428: 7424: 7420: 7416: 7412: 7408: 7404: 7400: 7399: 7391: 7383: 7379: 7375: 7371: 7367: 7363: 7359: 7355: 7351: 7350: 7345: 7341: 7335: 7329: 7323: 7315: 7311: 7307: 7301: 7297: 7293: 7289: 7285: 7281: 7277: 7271: 7269: 7260: 7254: 7250: 7246: 7242: 7238: 7234: 7227: 7225: 7223: 7214: 7210: 7206: 7202: 7198: 7192: 7188: 7184: 7180: 7176: 7172: 7168: 7161: 7159: 7157: 7155: 7145: 7139: 7131: 7125: 7121: 7117: 7113: 7109: 7105: 7099: 7097: 7088: 7084: 7080: 7076: 7072: 7068: 7064: 7060: 7059: 7051: 7043: 7039: 7035: 7031: 7025: 7021: 7017: 7012: 7007: 7003: 6999: 6996:(in French). 6995: 6991: 6984: 6978: 6971: 6969: 6968: 6963: 6959: 6955: 6951: 6945: 6941: 6935: 6929: 6922: 6920: 6916: 6902: 6898: 6897: 6892: 6888: 6887:Broydé, Isaac 6884: 6880: 6876: 6870: 6862: 6856: 6852: 6848: 6844: 6843: 6838: 6832: 6830: 6814: 6810: 6806: 6802: 6798: 6794: 6790: 6789: 6784: 6777: 6775: 6759: 6755: 6751: 6747: 6743: 6739: 6735: 6734: 6729: 6722: 6720: 6704: 6700: 6696: 6692: 6688: 6684: 6680: 6677:(Fall 2001). 6676: 6672: 6671: 6663: 6656: 6654: 6645: 6639: 6635: 6631: 6627: 6623: 6619: 6615: 6611: 6607: 6601: 6599: 6597: 6595: 6593: 6591: 6589: 6587: 6579: 6578:Galatians 2:9 6575: 6571: 6568: 6563: 6557:, p. 88. 6556: 6551: 6545:, p. 33. 6544: 6543:González 2010 6539: 6532: 6526: 6524: 6516: 6512: 6508: 6504: 6500: 6496: 6490: 6488: 6480: 6475: 6473: 6465: 6464:González 2010 6460: 6458: 6451:, p. 27. 6450: 6449:González 2010 6445: 6438: 6437:Mitchell 2006 6433: 6425: 6419: 6415: 6411: 6407: 6403: 6399: 6395: 6391: 6387: 6381: 6379: 6377: 6375: 6373: 6371: 6369: 6367: 6365: 6363: 6361: 6359: 6357: 6348: 6342: 6338: 6337: 6329: 6327: 6325: 6323: 6321: 6319: 6310: 6306: 6305: 6300: 6293: 6286: 6281: 6274: 6269: 6262: 6261:Mitchell 2006 6257: 6250: 6245: 6238: 6237:Chadwick 1993 6233: 6227:, p. 12. 6226: 6221: 6215:, p. 10. 6214: 6209: 6207: 6205: 6203: 6195: 6191: 6190: 6184: 6177: 6172: 6165: 6160: 6154:, p. 13. 6153: 6152:Chadwick 1993 6148: 6142:, p. 95. 6141: 6136: 6129: 6124: 6117: 6112: 6105: 6100: 6093: 6088: 6081: 6076: 6069: 6064: 6058:, p. 38. 6057: 6056:González 1987 6052: 6046:, p. 63. 6045: 6040: 6033: 6028: 6021: 6016: 6009: 6004: 5997: 5996:Schnelle 2020 5992: 5985: 5984:González 1987 5980: 5974:, p. 49. 5973: 5972:Schnelle 2020 5968: 5962:, p. 72. 5961: 5956: 5950:, p. 51. 5949: 5948:Schnelle 2020 5944: 5937: 5936:Schnelle 2020 5932: 5925: 5920: 5913: 5912:Schnelle 2020 5908: 5901: 5900:Schnelle 2020 5896: 5889: 5884: 5877: 5872: 5866:, p. 14. 5865: 5860: 5853: 5849: 5843: 5839: 5832: 5830: 5822: 5818: 5812: 5808: 5801: 5799: 5791: 5786: 5780: 5779:Bauer lexicon 5775: 5768: 5764: 5763: 5758: 5757:Scott, Robert 5754: 5750: 5741: 5734: 5728: 5712: 5708: 5701: 5697: 5688: 5685: 5683: 5680: 5678: 5675: 5673: 5670: 5668: 5665: 5663: 5660: 5659: 5653: 5651: 5647: 5643: 5638: 5634: 5630: 5626: 5622: 5618: 5614: 5610: 5606: 5601: 5599: 5595: 5591: 5583: 5579: 5575: 5574: 5573: 5571: 5567: 5563: 5559: 5555: 5551: 5550:New Testament 5547: 5537: 5535: 5531: 5527: 5523: 5522:the treasurer 5519: 5515: 5514:Jubail Church 5511: 5507: 5502: 5500: 5496: 5492: 5488: 5483: 5479: 5473: 5469: 5456: 5454: 5446: 5441: 5439: 5435: 5430: 5428: 5424: 5419: 5415: 5411: 5407: 5403: 5399: 5394: 5392: 5388: 5384: 5380: 5376: 5372: 5368: 5364: 5360: 5356: 5354: 5350: 5346: 5342: 5337: 5335: 5331: 5327: 5323: 5313: 5311: 5307: 5303: 5299: 5295: 5291: 5287: 5281: 5279: 5275: 5271: 5270: 5265: 5261: 5260: 5255: 5251: 5247: 5242: 5240: 5239: 5234: 5233: 5227: 5223: 5219: 5215: 5211: 5207: 5203: 5198: 5195: 5191: 5187: 5182: 5180: 5176: 5175:Apostolic Age 5172: 5168: 5164: 5160: 5156: 5151: 5149: 5145: 5136: 5134: 5130: 5126: 5122: 5118: 5114: 5109: 5106: 5105:Periyar River 5102: 5098: 5094: 5090: 5086: 5085:Malabar Coast 5081: 5079: 5075: 5071: 5066: 5064: 5063:Indo-Parthian 5060: 5056: 5055: 5049: 5047: 5043: 5039: 5035: 5031: 5028:According to 5023: 5019: 5018:Indo-Parthian 5014: 5004: 5001: 4993: 4983: 4979: 4973: 4972: 4967:This article 4965: 4956: 4955: 4951: 4947: 4943: 4933: 4931: 4927: 4923: 4919: 4915: 4911: 4907: 4903: 4899: 4895: 4885: 4882: 4880: 4876: 4872: 4871:Tiridates III 4868: 4864: 4860: 4855: 4851: 4845: 4841: 4837: 4828: 4824: 4820: 4810: 4808: 4804: 4800: 4796: 4794: 4790: 4786: 4782: 4778: 4774: 4770: 4766: 4762: 4758: 4754: 4750: 4746: 4742: 4738: 4734: 4730: 4729:Roman Britain 4724: 4717:Roman Britain 4714: 4712: 4709:, of note is 4708: 4704: 4700: 4696: 4691: 4686: 4682: 4678: 4674: 4670: 4666: 4661: 4651: 4649: 4645: 4641: 4637: 4633: 4629: 4625: 4621: 4617: 4613: 4609: 4604: 4602: 4598: 4594: 4590: 4586: 4582: 4577: 4567: 4564: 4560: 4556: 4552: 4548: 4544: 4540: 4536: 4532: 4528: 4527:Acts 27:39–42 4524: 4520: 4512: 4508: 4504: 4499: 4489: 4487: 4483: 4479: 4475: 4471: 4467: 4466:Magna Graecia 4463: 4458: 4454: 4443: 4440: 4432: 4421: 4418: 4414: 4411: 4407: 4404: 4400: 4397: 4393: 4390: – 4389: 4385: 4384:Find sources: 4378: 4374: 4368: 4367: 4362:This section 4360: 4356: 4351: 4350: 4342: 4340: 4336: 4332: 4328: 4324: 4320: 4314: 4304: 4302: 4298: 4294: 4290: 4286: 4282: 4276: 4266: 4264: 4260: 4256: 4252: 4248: 4244: 4240: 4236: 4232: 4228: 4224: 4220: 4216: 4212: 4208: 4204: 4198: 4190: 4186: 4185: 4180: 4174:Southern Gaul 4171: 4169: 4165: 4161: 4157: 4153: 4149: 4145: 4141: 4137: 4133: 4129: 4125: 4121: 4117: 4113: 4109: 4105: 4101: 4096: 4094: 4090: 4083: 4078: 4073: 4069: 4065: 4055: 4053: 4049: 4045: 4041: 4037: 4032: 4030: 4026: 4022: 4018: 4013: 4011: 4007: 4003: 3998: 3996: 3995:Pope Victor I 3992: 3990: 3986: 3982: 3981:Pope Anicetus 3978: 3974: 3970: 3966: 3962: 3958: 3953: 3951: 3950:patriarchates 3947: 3943: 3938: 3936: 3932: 3920: 3916: 3912: 3907: 3903: 3901: 3897: 3893: 3889: 3885: 3883: 3879: 3875: 3869: 3867: 3863: 3859: 3855: 3851: 3848: 3844: 3840: 3836: 3832: 3828: 3823: 3821: 3817: 3813: 3809: 3805: 3799: 3795: 3791: 3787: 3780: 3776: 3772: 3768: 3758: 3748: 3746: 3742: 3738: 3734: 3730: 3726: 3722: 3718: 3714: 3710: 3706: 3702: 3698: 3694: 3690: 3687: 3677: 3675: 3671: 3667: 3663: 3659: 3655: 3651: 3647: 3644:(present day 3643: 3642:Philippopolis 3639: 3636:(present day 3635: 3631: 3627: 3623: 3619: 3615: 3611: 3607: 3603: 3600:, located in 3599: 3595: 3591: 3582: 3580: 3576: 3572: 3568: 3564: 3560: 3558: 3554: 3550: 3546: 3542: 3538: 3534: 3530: 3526: 3522: 3518: 3514: 3510: 3506: 3504: 3500: 3496: 3492: 3488: 3484: 3480: 3476: 3472: 3468: 3464: 3460: 3456: 3452: 3448: 3444: 3442: 3438: 3434: 3430: 3426: 3422: 3420: 3417: 3414: 3410: 3406: 3405:Thessalonians 3402: 3398: 3394: 3390: 3386: 3382: 3378: 3374: 3373:Apostolic See 3370: 3366: 3361: 3351: 3349: 3345: 3341: 3337: 3333: 3329: 3325: 3321: 3316: 3312: 3305: 3301: 3298:, said to be 3297: 3292: 3283: 3281: 3277: 3273: 3269: 3265: 3261: 3256: 3246: 3244: 3240: 3236: 3232: 3231:F. J. A. Hort 3228: 3224: 3220: 3216: 3212: 3208: 3204: 3203:St. Pamphilus 3200: 3196: 3192: 3188: 3187: 3182: 3177: 3175: 3171: 3167: 3163: 3159: 3155: 3151: 3147: 3143: 3139: 3135: 3130: 3126: 3118: 3113: 3104: 3102: 3098: 3094: 3090: 3086: 3082: 3078: 3074: 3070: 3066: 3062: 3058: 3054: 3050: 3046: 3042: 3038: 3034: 3030: 3026: 3022: 3018: 3014: 3010: 3006: 3002: 2998: 2994: 2990: 2986: 2982: 2978: 2974: 2970: 2966: 2962: 2958: 2954: 2950: 2946: 2942: 2938: 2934: 2928: 2924: 2917: 2913: 2910:showing the " 2909: 2904: 2900: 2893: 2891: 2887: 2883: 2879: 2875: 2871: 2870:metropolitans 2867: 2863: 2859: 2855: 2851: 2847: 2843: 2839: 2835: 2830: 2826: 2822: 2818: 2814: 2804: 2802: 2798: 2794: 2790: 2786: 2782: 2778: 2774: 2770: 2766: 2762: 2758: 2754: 2750: 2746: 2742: 2737: 2733: 2729: 2721: 2720:Roman Antioch 2717: 2713: 2709: 2704: 2695: 2693: 2689: 2685: 2681: 2677: 2673: 2669: 2665: 2661: 2657: 2653: 2652: 2647: 2643: 2632: 2628: 2624: 2620: 2616: 2612: 2608: 2604: 2600: 2596: 2592: 2588: 2584: 2579: 2577: 2573: 2569: 2565: 2561: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2548: 2543: 2539: 2531: 2530:Tomb of Jesus 2527: 2522: 2517: 2513: 2502: 2490:Early centers 2487: 2485: 2481: 2470: 2459: 2448: 2444: 2440: 2436: 2431: 2429: 2425: 2421: 2417: 2406: 2404: 2400: 2396: 2392: 2388: 2384: 2380: 2379:fled to Pella 2376: 2372: 2368: 2364: 2359: 2357: 2353: 2349: 2345: 2342:) called him 2334: 2330: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2310: 2304: 2302: 2298: 2294: 2293:Antinomianism 2290: 2286: 2282: 2278: 2274: 2270: 2266: 2262: 2258: 2254: 2250: 2246: 2242: 2238: 2233: 2231: 2227: 2223: 2222:Old Testament 2220:found in the 2219: 2215: 2211: 2207: 2203: 2199: 2195: 2191: 2190:Hellenization 2187: 2183: 2179: 2175: 2171: 2167: 2163: 2159: 2158: 2153: 2149: 2137: 2135: 2131: 2127: 2123: 2119: 2115: 2110: 2107: 130 AD 2101: 2100: 2095: 2091: 2087: 2083: 2079: 2072: 2068: 2064: 2055: 2053: 2049: 2045: 2044:fled to Pella 2041: 2037: 2032: 2030: 2026: 2018: 2010: 2006: 2001: 1999: 1995: 1991: 1987: 1982: 1980: 1979:Galatians 2:9 1976: 1972: 1969:) called him 1961: 1957: 1953: 1949: 1945: 1941: 1937: 1933: 1927: 1919: 1915: 1914:Bargil Pixner 1911: 1907: 1903: 1899: 1894: 1885: 1883: 1878: 1877:Keith Hopkins 1873: 1871: 1867: 1862: 1856: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1830: 1826: 1822: 1818: 1812: 1809: 1804: 1800: 1799: 1794: 1793: 1788: 1785:, capital of 1784: 1780: 1774: 1767: 1762: 1754: 1745: 1743: 1739: 1735: 1729: 1719: 1715: 1709: 1705: 1700: 1681: 1677: 1673: 1672: 1660: 1659: 1654: 1649: 1647: 1643: 1642:his suffering 1639: 1635: 1631: 1627: 1621: 1616: 1614: 1610: 1606: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1590: 1586: 1582: 1577: 1572: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1543: 1541: 1537: 1533: 1529: 1528:Lord's Prayer 1525: 1521: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1477: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1461: 1457: 1453: 1448: 1446: 1442: 1427: 1416: 1401: 1397: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1384:New Testament 1370: 1366: 1362: 1356: 1347: 1338: 1336: 1332: 1326: 1324: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1305:). After the 1304: 1300: 1296: 1292: 1288: 1284: 1279: 1274: 1270: 1269: 1264: 1262: 1258: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1242: 1238: 1234: 1230: 1226: 1221: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1210:Old Testament 1207: 1203: 1199: 1195: 1191: 1190:diaspora Jews 1187: 1183: 1182:Greek culture 1179: 1178:Hellenization 1175: 1171: 1166: 1164: 1160: 1156: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1140: 1136: 1132: 1127: 1125: 1121: 1113: 1105: 1094: 1089: 142 BC 1079: 1074: 200 BC 1064: 1060: 1056: 1052: 1048: 1044: 1040: 1035: 516 BC 1029: 1028:Second Temple 1025: 1021: 1014: 1013:Israel Museum 1009: 1004: 998: 994: 974: 972: 968: 964: 960: 956: 952: 951:first century 948: 944: 940: 936: 932: 928: 924: 919: 917: 913: 909: 905: 901: 897: 893: 889: 885: 881: 877: 873: 868: 866: 865:Patristic era 862: 861:Apostolic Age 858: 854: 851:, as well as 850: 846: 842: 838: 834: 830: 826: 822: 819:, across the 818: 814: 810: 806: 802: 798: 794: 790: 779: 774: 772: 767: 765: 760: 759: 757: 756: 751: 746: 742: 741: 738: 735: 733: 730: 728: 725: 724: 723: 722: 715: 712: 710: 707: 705: 702: 700: 697: 695: 692: 690: 687: 685: 682: 680: 677: 675: 672: 670: 667: 665: 662: 660: 657: 655: 652: 651: 645: 644: 633: 630: 628: 625: 623: 620: 618: 615: 613: 610: 608: 605: 603: 600: 598: 595: 593: 590: 589: 588: 587: 584: 581: 580: 573: 570: 568: 565: 563: 560: 558: 555: 553: 550: 548: 545: 543: 540: 538: 535: 533: 530: 528: 525: 523: 520: 518: 515: 513: 510: 508: 505: 503: 500: 499: 498: 497: 493: 491: 490: 486: 484: 483: 479: 477: 476: 472: 470: 467: 465: 462: 458: 455: 453: 450: 449: 448: 447: 443: 442: 441: 440: 437: 434: 433: 425: 422: 420: 419:Denominations 417: 416: 412: 411: 404: 401: 399: 396: 394: 391: 389: 386: 384: 381: 379: 376: 374: 371: 369: 366: 364: 361: 359: 356: 354: 351: 349: 346: 344: 341: 339: 336: 334: 331: 330: 324: 321: 319: 316: 315: 311: 310: 303: 300: 298: 295: 293: 290: 288: 285: 283: 280: 278: 275: 273: 270: 266: 263: 261: 258: 256: 253: 252: 251: 248: 246: 243: 242: 239: 234: 233: 226: 223: 221: 218: 216: 213: 211: 208: 206: 203: 201: 200:New Testament 198: 196: 195:Old Testament 193: 192: 185: 183: 180: 179: 175: 174: 167: 164: 162: 159: 157: 154: 152: 149: 147: 144: 142: 139: 138: 132: 129: 127: 124: 123: 119: 118: 114: 110: 109: 106: 103: 102: 98: 94: 93: 84: 81: 73: 63: 59: 53: 52: 46: 41: 32: 31: 19: 12379: 12174:Architecture 12068:Confirmation 12016:Ecclesiology 11947:Original sin 11937:Nicene Creed 11734:Old Catholic 11618:Papal States 11550:Great Church 11516:Resurrection 11458:Christianity 11455: 11415:New Covenant 11366:(Scriptures) 11311:Christianity 11180:Charismatics 11163: 11142:Gospel music 11072:Camp meeting 11064:1789–present 10996:Missionaries 10966: 10959: 10950:Menno Simons 10894: 10890:Church music 10741: 10712: 10597:Conciliarism 10582:Papal Schism 10424:Scandinavian 10316:Great Schism 10294:Nestorianism 10266:Christianity 10198:priest holes 10079:Chalcedonian 10042:Christianity 9996:Great Church 9804:Resurrection 9644: 9559: 9544: 9530: 9515: 9469: 9446: 9416: 9389: 9358: 9330: 9306: 9256: 9252: 9229: 9205: 9180: 9159: 9136: 9111: 9084: 9081:Vidmar, John 9074:Bibliography 9066:Acts 8:26–27 9061: 9041: 9031: 9022: 9013: 9007:. Retrieved 9000:the original 8986: 8975:. Retrieved 8968:the original 8940: 8938:Christianity 8933: 8925: 8921: 8911: 8903: 8896: 8892: 8887: 8879: 8875: 8869: 8862: 8858: 8850: 8830:. Retrieved 8826:the original 8821: 8812: 8807:, pp. 49–59. 8804: 8800: 8796: 8788: 8784: 8780: 8776: 8731: 8727: 8721: 8707: 8696:. Retrieved 8692:the original 8682: 8657: 8653: 8647: 8628: 8622: 8606: 8597: 8591: 8567: 8560: 8546: 8536: 8528: 8519: 8512: 8504: 8499: 8491: 8486: 8465: 8462:Candida Moss 8456: 8448: 8443: 8435: 8430:, quoted in 8427: 8422: 8403: 8394: 8388: 8379: 8373: 8361: 8342: 8338: 8336: 8332: 8326: 8315: 8306: 8298: 8289: 8277: 8270: 8234: 8222: 8210: 8201: 8183: 8174: 8166: 8161: 8154: 8138: 8126:. Retrieved 8116: 8102: 8091: 8080:. Retrieved 8076: 8067: 8056:. Retrieved 8052: 8043: 8023: 8013: 8003: 7998: 7987: 7979: 7971: 7964:St. Barnabas 7963: 7957: 7946: 7934: 7922: 7898: 7888: 7878: 7872: 7853: 7849: 7838: 7831: 7826: 7807: 7796:Parvis, Paul 7790: 7779: 7772: 7767: 7757: 7751: 7717: 7709: 7686: 7680: 7672: 7668: 7662: 7651: 7616: 7602: 7597:, verses 3–4 7592: 7586: 7574: 7569: 7557: 7537: 7530: 7516: 7512: 7501: 7491: 7490:Epiphanius' 7481: 7469: 7457: 7451: 7402: 7396: 7390: 7353: 7347: 7334: 7328: 7322: 7283: 7236: 7170: 7144: 7138: 7107: 7062: 7056: 7050: 7040:– via 6997: 6993: 6983: 6977: 6965: 6953: 6948:Circumcised 6947: 6943: 6934: 6928: 6911: 6904:. Retrieved 6894: 6869: 6841: 6816:. Retrieved 6792: 6786: 6761:. Retrieved 6737: 6731: 6706:. Retrieved 6674: 6668: 6617: 6606:Cross, F. L. 6569: 6562: 6550: 6538: 6530: 6510: 6502: 6498: 6494: 6444: 6432: 6397: 6394:"James, St." 6386:Cross, F. L. 6335: 6302: 6292: 6285:Hopkins 1998 6280: 6273:McGrath 2013 6268: 6256: 6251:, p. 2. 6249:McGrath 2013 6244: 6232: 6225:McGrath 2013 6220: 6213:McGrath 2013 6187: 6183: 6171: 6166:, p. 7. 6164:McGrath 2013 6159: 6147: 6135: 6123: 6111: 6099: 6094:, p. 6. 6092:McGrath 2013 6087: 6075: 6063: 6051: 6039: 6027: 6015: 6003: 5991: 5979: 5967: 5955: 5943: 5931: 5919: 5907: 5895: 5883: 5871: 5864:McGrath 2013 5859: 5851: 5837: 5820: 5806: 5785: 5774: 5760: 5740: 5727: 5715:. Retrieved 5710: 5700: 5642:Christianity 5617:Christianity 5602: 5587: 5543: 5518:Saudi Arabia 5503: 5475: 5452: 5443: 5433: 5431: 5418:Christianity 5395: 5373:(modern-day 5357: 5338: 5319: 5282: 5267: 5257: 5243: 5236: 5230: 5217: 5204:evangelized 5199: 5183: 5179:Christianity 5153:Edessa (now 5152: 5142: 5128: 5110: 5082: 5067: 5058: 5052: 5050: 5027: 4996: 4987: 4968: 4891: 4883: 4856: 4852: 4848: 4826: 4797: 4726: 4663: 4646:, bishop of 4605: 4589:Adriatic Sea 4579: 4558: 4531:Acts 28:1–11 4516: 4460: 4435: 4426: 4416: 4409: 4402: 4395: 4383: 4371:Please help 4366:verification 4363: 4316: 4285:Adriatic Sea 4278: 4203:Rhone valley 4200: 4182: 4148:Latin Church 4112:African Rite 4097: 4086: 4042:, bishop of 4038:in 258 were 4033: 4014: 4006:Vetus Latina 3999: 3993: 3954: 3939: 3928: 3915:Roman mosaic 3895: 3886: 3878:whom he knew 3870: 3824: 3801: 3724: 3691: 3689: 3626:Danube River 3616:preached in 3606:Thracian Sea 3592:preached in 3588: 3561: 3539:from Malta. 3507: 3445: 3429:Epirus Vetus 3423: 3412: 3404: 3365:Thessalonica 3363: 3318: 3304:Old Damascus 3276:Acts 13:4–13 3258: 3239:Nicene Creed 3186:"suffragans" 3185: 3178: 3153: 3141: 3137: 3132: 3084: 3059:in 286. The 3047:. After the 3001:Greek colony 2956: 2940: 2930: 2907: 2899: 2832: 2757:Book of Acts 2739: 2687: 2650: 2580: 2560:Temple Mount 2545: 2535: 2476: 81–96 2465: 79–81 2454: 69–79 2432: 2412: 2360: 2308: 2305: 2289:New Covenant 2280: 2269:New Covenant 2237:circumcision 2234: 2155: 2138: 2111: 2097: 2082:Book of Acts 2075: 2066: 2033: 2017:brutal siege 2002: 1983: 1940:early church 1936:Book of Acts 1929: 1874: 1866:house church 1857: 1825:Thessalonica 1813: 1796: 1790: 1776: 1731: 1687: AD 56 1669: 1666: AD 95 1656: 1650: 1626:New Covenant 1623: 1618: 1585:virgin birth 1568: 1554:Fra Angelico 1549: 1532:12 Disciples 1512:Matthew 6:24 1492:Luke 6:28–35 1488:Matthew 5:44 1464:Jordan River 1454:, a city in 1449: 1437: AD 90 1433: AD 80 1422: AD 70 1411: AD 90 1407: AD 80 1380: AD 33 1371:, who lived 1358: 1327: 1283:Jewish kings 1266: 1265: 1222: 1202:Hebrew Bible 1167: 1128: 1124:Roman Empire 1120:client state 1041:. While the 1022:, a form of 1017: 939:North Africa 920: 907: 869: 821:Roman Empire 796: 793:Early Church 792: 788: 787: 654:Civilization 494: 487: 480: 473: 464:Old Catholic 444: 352: 302:Universalism 225:New Covenant 161:Resurrection 105:Christianity 76: 67: 48: 12435:Persecution 12370:Christendom 12363:Cooperation 12300:Charismatic 12211:Holy Spirit 12120:Natural law 12083:Holy orders 11932:Christology 11925:Holy Spirit 11794:Pentecostal 11774:Evangelical 11769:Charismatic 11613:Monasticism 11605:Middle Ages 11568:Constantine 11511:Crucifixion 11393:Foundations 11269:Catholicism 11206:Protestants 11200:Evangelical 10875:39 Articles 10870:Elizabethan 10847:Anglicanism 10827:Westminster 10737:Melanchthon 10700:Lutheranism 10665:Nicodemites 10643:Arminianism 10614:Reformation 10555:Bonaventure 10530:Inquisition 10525:Waldensians 10475:Investiture 10453:Kievan Rus' 10409:Anglo-Saxon 10389:Pelagianism 10381:Middle Ages 10304:Iconodulism 10179:Thomas More 10100:Catholicism 10022:Monasticism 10005:Constantine 9930:Persecution 9888:Adoptionism 9873:Ante-Nicene 9816:Holy Spirit 9799:Crucifixion 9770:Origins and 9671:2nd and 3rd 9263:: 185–226. 8897:Diatessaron 8822:stthoma.com 8269:), article 8153:), article 8143:Acts 18:1–2 7800:Bond, Helen 7760:at ccel.org 7474:Marcus 2006 7462:Marcus 2006 7413:: 373–391. 7360:: 459–477. 7175:Minneapolis 6954:glans penis 6818:13 February 6744:: 121–124. 6681:: 375–405. 6555:Marcus 2006 5790:Vidmar 2005 5733:Romans 16:5 5625:Monophysite 5506:Bartholomew 5427:Barba'shmin 5375:Afghanistan 5269:Diatessaron 5206:Mesopotamia 5046:Baluchistan 5038:Bartholomew 4751:(284–305). 4705:into Roman 4537:to Rome by 4189:persecution 4132:Caecilianus 4106:was to the 4021:Valentinius 3969:Pope Pius I 3868:as bishop. 3779:River Tiber 3553:Athenagoras 3332:Acts 9:1–20 3065:Constantine 2860:, of which 2846:Hellenistic 2603:Transjordan 2574:, thus the 2348:2nd-century 2257:his letters 2228:made their 2114:God-fearers 2069:(1570s) by 1994:Friday fast 1906:Last Supper 1808:Christianoi 1787:Roman Syria 1722:1st century 1564: 1446 1560: 1437 1520:Matthew 7:1 1504:Matthew 6:4 1502:in secret ( 1376: 4 BC 1253:Roman Judea 1241:apocalyptic 1204:called the 1194:Koine Greek 1159:Apocalyptic 1055:high priest 935:Middle East 853:Phoenicians 542:Pentecostal 424:(full list) 398:Reformation 363:Constantine 282:Christology 272:Apologetics 265:Holy Spirit 186:Foundations 156:Crucifixion 62:introducing 12494:Categories 12349:Prosperity 12325:Liberation 12265:Cathedrals 12250:Pilgrimage 12235:Literature 12112:Philosophy 12048:Sacraments 12021:Four marks 11982:Protestant 11957:Born again 11754:Anabaptist 11744:Protestant 11686:Influences 11648:Modern era 11352:By country 10991:Revivalism 10912:Anabaptism 10860:Henry VIII 10685:Literature 10309:Iconoclasm 10289:Chrysostom 10242:Vatican II 10208:Jansenists 10194:Mass rocks 10130:Lateran IV 10049:Athanasius 9969:Tertullian 9913:Marcionism 9908:Gnosticism 9861:Revelation 9779:Background 9009:2023-04-25 8977:2010-01-08 8734:: 91–100. 8698:2010-01-08 8660:: 91–100. 8432:Volume XIV 8417:, canon VI 8380:foundation 8310:Franzen 26 8245:, p. 426.; 8082:2024-04-28 8058:2024-04-28 8002:Eusebius, 7992:Titus 3:12 7857:Alexandria 7784:Acts 11:26 7667:Socrates' 7591:Eusebius' 7205:1082543536 7073:: 72–101. 7042:Cairn.info 6950:barbarians 6799:: 1990–8. 6493:Eusebius, 6194:Bond (2012 5693:References 5650:Qasr Ibrim 5635:after the 5609:Alexandria 5605:Athanasius 5534:Alexandria 5530:Pantaneous 5510:Himyarites 5468:Ghassanids 5466:See also: 5391:Catholicos 5379:Tertullian 5324:, Persia, 5298:Diocletian 5248:, then by 5163:proselytes 4817:See also: 4805:after the 4777:Restitutus 4749:Diocletian 4737:Verulamium 4721:See also: 4658:See also: 4608:Andronicus 4574:See also: 4543:procurator 4496:See also: 4451:See also: 4429:April 2023 4399:newspapers 4311:See also: 4273:See also: 4195:See also: 4124:Roman Rite 4093:Tertullian 4062:See also: 3942:Alexandria 3790:God-fearer 3784:See also: 3755:See also: 3717:Mark 15:21 3701:Pentapolis 3684:See also: 3549:Aristeides 3529:Areopagite 3421:, c. 125. 3391:states of 3371:, thus an 3358:See also: 3309:See also: 3253:See also: 3215:St. Jerome 3209:(d. 270), 3123:See also: 2921:See also: 2896:Asia Minor 2884:(see also 2850:Septuagint 2838:Nile delta 2834:Alexandria 2811:See also: 2807:Alexandria 2726:See also: 2627:pilgrimage 2621:in nearby 2615:suffragans 2609:in AD 66. 2572:Tisha B'Av 2510:See also: 2499:See also: 2439:Great Fire 2352:Hegesippus 2265:Asia Minor 2178:Mosaic Law 2118:proselytes 1902:Mount Zion 1875:Historian 1817:Asia Minor 1708:procurator 1694: 120 1589:Son of God 1571:the Christ 1562: – c. 1494:), giving 1435: – c. 1409: – c. 1378: – c. 1331:Son of Man 1218:synagogues 1206:Septuagint 1196:, and the 1176:underwent 1131:monotheism 1112:Hasmoneans 1087: – c. 1085: 200 1072: – c. 1070: 301 1045:permitted 1037:after the 1001:See also: 923:Asia Minor 914:" in most 807:up to the 602:Irvingians 567:Waldensian 507:Anabaptist 496:Protestant 45:references 12425:Criticism 12375:Ecumenism 12339:Mysticism 12305:Democracy 12295:Anarchism 12282:Movements 12245:Mythology 12223:Catechism 12218:Education 12135:Evolution 12058:Eucharist 12041:Canon law 11999:Theotokos 11994:Mariology 11952:Salvation 11942:Tradition 11789:Methodist 11749:Adventist 11583:Chalcedon 11157:Ecumenism 11107:Adventism 11097:Mormonism 11033:Millerism 11028:Methodism 10983:1640–1789 10885:Civil War 10832:Orthodoxy 10787:Huguenots 10769:Calvinism 10754:Eucharist 10749:Orthodoxy 10633:Eucharist 10565:Five Ways 10515:Dulcinian 10468:Pomerania 10394:Gregory I 10238:Vatican I 10228:Modernism 10213:Molinists 10203:Guadalupe 10074:Chalcedon 10069:Ephesus I 10059:Augustine 9935:Apostolic 9918:Montanism 9883:Diversity 9659:Centuries 9501:0167-9732 9285:170769034 9277:1086-3184 8393:Schaff's 8320:Romans 16 8128:30 August 7736:Justinian 7685:Schaff's 7643:18366162M 7435:0048-1009 7427:1568-5365 7374:0021-9231 7314:0167-9732 7249:Routledge 7213:242771713 7079:0035-0907 7038:0295-5652 7020:2271-1880 6962:Greek art 6906:3 January 6763:3 January 6708:3 January 6507:Dan Jaffé 6176:Bond 2012 6116:Bond 2012 6080:Bond 2012 6068:Bond 2012 6044:Bond 2012 6020:Bond 2012 5888:Bond 2012 5652:in 1372. 5562:Jerusalem 5548:. In the 5410:Patriarch 5398:Shapur II 5387:Ctesiphon 5359:Bardaisan 5306:Sasanians 5155:Şanlıurfa 5022:St Thomas 4990:June 2019 4926:The Bible 4733:St. Alban 4616:Mitrovica 4601:martyrdom 4478:catacombs 4227:Marseille 4102:what the 4052:Maxentius 3940:Rome and 3921:in Rome, 3845:. In the 3794:Proselyte 3729:Acts 2:10 3725:Cyrenians 3713:Kitos War 3697:Cyrenaica 3630:Thracians 3622:Black Sea 3620:, on the 3594:Macedonia 3575:St. Titus 3541:Quadratus 3503:Dionysius 3499:Sosthenes 3487:Macedonia 3425:Nicopolis 3377:Macedonia 3300:Bab Kisan 3272:Acts 4:36 3101:Bosphorus 3081:Bosphorus 3077:Byzantium 3053:Nicomedia 3033:Montanism 2993:Black Sea 2941:near-east 2836:, in the 2680:Pentarchy 2599:Decapolis 2597:, in the 2506:Jerusalem 2447:Vespasian 2356:Sanhedrin 2277:salvation 2130:food laws 2086:Pentecost 1990:communion 1910:Pentecost 1853:Epainetus 1792:disciples 1630:salvation 1605:Ascension 1458:. He was 1245:end times 1229:Pharisees 1225:Sadducees 1172:when the 1155:Jerusalem 845:converted 829:Holy Land 815:from the 709:Symbolism 669:Ecumenism 659:Criticism 537:Moravian 532:Methodist 502:Adventist 373:Augustine 323:Tradition 297:Salvation 166:Ascension 12479:Category 12344:Pacifism 12158:features 12142:Politics 12095:Ablution 12063:Marriage 11967:Catholic 11897:Theology 11804:Reformed 11784:Lutheran 11779:Holiness 11759:Anglican 11729:Catholic 11633:Crusades 11578:Nicaea I 11528:Apostles 11501:Miracles 11496:Parables 11486:Ministry 11476:Nativity 11440:timeline 11337:Prophets 11332:Glossary 11249:Theology 11237:Missions 11232:Timeline 11204:Mainline 11152:Pacifism 11001:Baptists 10920:Theology 10880:Puritans 10855:Timeline 10797:Scotland 10725:Theology 10572:Wycliffe 10520:Crusades 10495:Bogomils 10448:Bulgaria 10404:Germanic 10356:Ethiopia 10254:Timeline 10032:Nicaea I 10027:Councils 9959:Irenaeus 9954:Ignatius 9949:Polycarp 9903:Donatism 9898:Docetism 9893:Arianism 9794:Ministry 9467:(1992). 9445:(2020). 9415:(eds.). 9387:(2013). 9357:(eds.). 9328:(2010). 9227:(2010). 9203:(1987). 9177:(1999). 9133:(1993). 9109:(2012). 9083:(2005). 8832:25 April 8544:(1887). 8464:(2013). 8411:Archived 8366:Time.com 8191:Archived 8021:(2009). 7976:Philippi 7896:(1997). 7861:St. Mark 7806:(eds.). 7726:and the 7635:20055584 7443:24735868 7278:(1992). 7241:New York 7106:(1998). 7087:44076024 6967:epispasm 6942:(1993). 6915:epispasm 6839:(2018). 6742:Elsevier 6703:29580193 6695:11568485 6499:Panarion 6309:Archived 5747:ἐκκλησία 5656:See also 5600:queens. 5566:baptised 5526:Eusebius 5499:Ethiopia 5472:Lakhmids 5448:— 5423:Shahdost 5383:Seleucia 5292:, under 5290:Barsamya 5286:Scharbîl 5259:Peshitta 5214:Eusebius 5208:(modern 5186:Parthian 5133:Mylapore 5125:Brahmins 4914:St. Nino 4809:c. 410. 4757:Tiberius 4745:Caerleon 4677:Hispalis 4644:Quirinus 4640:Pannonia 4636:Dalmatia 4620:Pannonia 4486:Calabria 4462:Syracuse 4323:Barnabas 4281:Aquileia 4269:Aquileia 4243:Anatolia 4235:Irenaeus 4058:Carthage 4054:in 306. 4044:Carthage 4036:Valerian 4029:Novatian 3985:Polycarp 3946:province 3827:martyred 3670:Bulgaria 3650:Silistra 3598:Philippi 3581:in 828. 3579:Abu Hafs 3557:Hygeinos 3437:Eusebius 3416:Polycarp 3409:Philippi 3397:Bulgaria 3348:baptized 3320:Damascus 3286:Damascus 3268:Barnabas 3223:Saracens 3219:Persians 3134:Caesarea 3107:Caesarea 3085:Anatolia 3021:Irenaeus 3013:Polycarp 2937:Anatolia 2793:Peshitta 2787:and the 2775:and the 2743:(modern 2688:See also 2623:Caesarea 2591:Eusebius 2469:Domitian 2443:martyred 2433:Emperor 2371:Eusebius 2309:See also 2281:See also 2210:foreskin 2174:Gentiles 2148:Barnabas 2036:Eusebius 1861:ekklēsia 1821:Philippi 1779:Damascus 1740:and the 1734:Apostles 1704:Tiberius 1699:Christus 1661:written 1653:Josephus 1644:and the 1576:Christos 1526:and the 1460:baptized 1452:Nazareth 1365:ministry 1315:Jeremiah 1291:prophets 1278:meshiach 1139:covenant 943:Anatolia 908:ekklesia 904:ἐκκλησία 876:apostles 843:who had 831:and the 811:in 325. 727:Glossary 674:Glossary 557:Reformed 527:Lutheran 512:Anglican 446:Catholic 388:Crusades 378:Ignatius 368:Councils 333:Apostles 238:Theology 151:Ministry 141:Nativity 97:a series 95:Part of 12408:Related 12201:Trinity 12166:Culture 12130:Science 12100:Hygiene 12090:Mission 12073:Penance 12053:Baptism 11989:Worship 11962:Liturgy 11910:Trinity 11821:Eastern 11799:Quakers 11764:Baptist 11721:Western 11711:members 11481:Baptism 11435:History 11425:Worship 11327:Outline 11242:Martyrs 11038:Pietism 10968:Ausbund 10940:Müntzer 10865:Cranmer 10812:Baptism 10777:Zwingli 10628:Erasmus 10577:Avignon 10560:Aquinas 10550:Francis 10545:Dominic 10505:Cathars 10500:Bosnian 10490:Bernard 10485:Abelard 10458:Moravia 10443:Bohemia 10429:Iceland 10351:Serbian 10331:Georgia 10326:Armenia 10264:Eastern 10165:Jesuits 9841:Gospels 9789:Baptism 9304:(ed.). 8916:, V, 23 8789:History 8748:3171466 8674:3171466 8383:Peter." 7773:Antioch 7732:council 7702:Antioch 7698:Cæsarea 7615:(ed.). 7382:3267745 6813:9623850 6758:6994325 6733:Urology 5765:at the 5717:May 28, 5646:Timothy 5629:Makuria 5598:Kushite 5590:Candace 5552:of the 5495:Solomon 5482:Bedouin 5438:Sozomen 5412:of the 5400:of the 5385:– 5371:Bactria 5367:Parthia 5330:Bactria 5326:Parthia 5312:(325). 5274:Rabbula 5171:Antioch 5121:Malacca 5117:Chennai 5097:Muziris 5093:Socotra 5076:or the 5042:Parthia 4976:Please 4894:Georgia 4888:Georgia 4859:Armenia 4831:Armenia 4675:, near 4673:Italica 4665:Seville 4654:Seville 4612:Syrmium 4593:Croatia 4555:Publius 4474:Cyprian 4413:scholar 4335:Ambrose 4215:Avignon 4146:of the 4040:Cyprian 4017:Marcion 3913:from a 3882:Acts 28 3839:Tacitus 3816:Corinth 3810:couple 3666:Chirpan 3646:Plovdiv 3634:Serdica 3604:on the 3545:Hadrian 3537:Publius 3521:Acts 17 3513:Piraeus 3475:Ephesus 3467:Timothy 3451:Corinth 3407:and to 3403:to the 3393:Albania 3344:Ananias 3340:26:1–24 3336:22:1–22 3195:Hexapla 2953:Ephesus 2947:). The 2906:Map of 2892:sects. 2890:Gnostic 2745:Antakya 2741:Antioch 2712:Antakya 2698:Antioch 2613:became 2556:himself 2552:Jupiter 2538:Hadrian 2416:theater 2387:Cenacle 2214:Acts 15 2192:of the 2094:kinsmen 1898:Cenacle 1837:Corinth 1803:Acts 11 1783:Antioch 1706:by the 1680:Tacitus 1516:Luke 16 1500:fasting 1462:in the 1456:Galilee 1439:), and 1400:Matthew 1319:Ezekiel 1287:priests 1268:Messiah 1257:Galilee 1249:Zealots 1233:Essenes 1122:of the 1024:Judaism 982:Origins 977:History 959:Armenia 931:Balkans 855:, i.e. 827:in the 803:of the 737:Outline 714:Worship 694:Outline 684:Liturgy 664:Culture 517:Baptist 457:Eastern 393:Aquinas 318:History 292:Mission 277:Baptism 250:Trinity 146:Baptism 58:improve 12125:Ethics 12006:Saints 11915:Father 11834:Church 11446:spread 11410:Gospel 11400:Church 11342:People 10930:Grebel 10782:Calvin 10708:Luther 10602:Synods 10480:Anselm 10463:Poland 10419:Gothic 10414:Franks 10399:Celtic 10366:Russia 10346:Syriac 10336:Greece 10223:Teresa 10170:Xavier 10108:Papacy 10054:Jerome 9974:Origen 9875:period 9650:Spread 9566: 9551: 9537: 9522: 9499: 9489: 9479:Leiden 9453: 9431: 9397: 9373: 9338: 9314: 9291: 9283: 9275: 9237: 9213: 9189: 9166: 9145: 9119: 9095: 9049: 8746: 8672: 8635: 8579: 8474: 8265: 8241: 8229: 8217: 8149: 8031: 7910: 7814: 7641: 7633: 7623: 7545: 7518:Annals 7441: 7433: 7425: 7407:Leiden 7380: 7372: 7312: 7302: 7292:Leiden 7255: 7245:London 7211: 7203: 7193: 7126: 7085: 7077: 7067:Leuven 7036: 7026: 7018: 6960:. For 6857: 6847:London 6811: 6756: 6701: 6693: 6640: 6622:Oxford 6509:(ed), 6420: 6402:Oxford 6343: 6189:Annals 5844: 5813: 5613:Philae 5582:Eunuch 5408:, the 5349:Tigris 5345:Arbela 5328:, and 5302:Persia 5294:Decius 5264:Tatian 5226:Thomas 5159:Syriac 5148:Persia 5144:Edessa 5101:Cochin 5089:Arabia 5070:Kerala 5034:Thomas 4948:, and 4910:Iberia 4906:Kartli 4902:Andrew 4765:Lucius 4753:Gildas 4648:Siscia 4630:. The 4628:Mursia 4624:Siscia 4581:Salona 4570:Salona 4563:Athens 4523:Sicily 4415: 4408: 4401: 4394: 4386: 4261:. The 4239:Smyrna 4225:, and 4219:Vienne 4152:Berber 4070:, and 4002:Jerome 3979:; and 3925:410 AD 3854:bishop 3796:, and 3745:Lucius 3693:Cyrene 3656:. The 3618:Thrace 3602:Thrace 3585:Thrace 3563:Gortyn 3509:Athens 3501:, and 3471:Apollo 3441:Origen 3389:Balkan 3385:Epirus 3383:, and 3381:Thrace 3354:Greece 3264:Cyprus 3260:Paphos 3249:Cyprus 3191:Origen 3127:, and 3073:Nicaea 3039:, and 3017:Smyrna 2999:was a 2997:Pontus 2977:Tarsus 2916:Patmos 2882:Easter 2827:, and 2734:, and 2716:Gospel 2631:Helena 2456:) and 2428:Celsus 2299:, and 2206:Romans 2021: 2013: 2005:Simeon 1833:Athens 1798:saints 1766:Paphos 1609:Heaven 1540:"lost" 1508:Mammon 1484:repent 1317:, and 1311:Isaiah 1273:Hebrew 1231:, and 1116: 1108: 1106:in 167 1030:built 965:, and 963:Greece 933:, the 929:, the 927:Arabia 912:church 900:church 817:Levant 748: 704:Sermon 699:Prayer 552:Quaker 436:Nicene 403:Luther 255:Father 215:Church 205:Gospel 131:Christ 47:, but 12334:Right 12240:Music 12191:Jesus 12156:Other 12011:Angel 11466:Jesus 11456:Early 11405:Creed 11374:Canon 11362:Bible 11322:Index 11164:solae 11162:Five 10955:Smyth 10807:TULIP 10730:Bible 10438:Slavs 10341:Egypt 10299:Icons 10150:Trent 10140:Leo X 10037:Creed 9281:S2CID 9259:(2). 9003:(PDF) 8996:(PDF) 8971:(PDF) 8964:(PDF) 8744:JSTOR 8670:JSTOR 8008:VI.16 7693:Aelia 7611:. 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