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gathered up a posse, tracked down the miners and killed them. The Bureau of Indian
Affairs sent out an agent named Andrew Bolon to investigate, but before reaching the crime scene the chief of the Yakama intercepted him and warned Bolon that Mosheel was too dangerous to be taken in. Taking heed of this warning, Bolon decided to return to the Bureau to report his findings. He joined a traveling group of Yakama on his return trip, and while they walked he told them why he was in the area, about the unexplained murder that had happened. Unbeknownst to Bolon, the rest of the trip would be taken up by argument between the natives in a language he did not understand, as the leader of the group, Mosheel, argued for the murder of Bolon. Before he was stabbed in the throat, Bolon reportedly yelled in Chinook dialect, "I did not come to fight you!"
1889:
2239:. Under McBride the Republican Party shifted into support of a Railroad Commission in order to separate the railroads from politics, and after the "hardest floor battle" in a decade, with his support the commission finally came into being. With these victories McBride was generally very popular, but his own Republican Party which was heavily supported by, and as many claimed controlled by the railroad companies, began to conspire in order to prevent his re-election. To this effect after an extended political struggle, the Republican Party voted not to renominate McBride for the 1904 elections. He would later be applauded by historians as one of the state's best governors.
1990:
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Col. Silas Casey (who had previously written in sympathy of
Chenoweth), arrived overlooking the town, with orders to intervene if shooting began. Fearing a shootout with both the Federal government and the territorial judiciary, Stevensâ men reluctantly pulled back after a drawn out negotiation between the three sides. Shortly afterwards, Judge Chenoweth ruled the declaration of Martial Law to be unconstitutional and said that the basis of insurrection justifying it had been greatly overblown by Stevensâ administration. The wrath of the Washington judiciary, legislature and public figures such as
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at the scene of the killing, but that even if he was the killing had been an act of war and was thus not murder. The initial trial ended in a hung jury after the judge told jurors that if they believed the killing of the militiaman was an act of war, they could not find Leschi guilty of murder. A second trial, without this note to the jury, ended in Leschi being convicted of murder and sentenced to execution. Interference by those who opposed the execution were able to stall it for months, but in the end they could not prevent it. Chief Leschi was formally exonerated of his crimes in 2014.
2187:, which was a more populist alternative to the Republicans. While many of the former Democrats within the People's Party viewed the Silver Republican Party with suspicion, other more pragmatic members convinced them to cooperate. Recognizing their popularity and shared interest, as well as their lack of ability to beat the Republicans individually, the People's Party, Silver Republican Party, and Democratic Party formed a fusion ticket despite great internal conflict. The People's Party dominated the House, having four times more seats than the second largest party the Republicans.
1972:, who was sympathetic to the Knights of Labor but opposed the violent deportation of the Chinese, leading to his relatively centrist position on the affair. Coming into contact with a large mob holding 350 Chinese people in captivity, the Seattle Rifles attempted negotiation before forcefully barging through the crowd, taking the victims into custody, and arresting the leaders of the mob. Rioters tried to wrangle control of the rifles, leading to shots ringing out, whereafter two militia members and three rioters were seriously injured. The riot quickly spiraled into a gunfight.
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2016:, but both of these issues were defeated and removed from the accepted constitution. Women had previously been given the vote in 1883 by the Washington Territorial Legislature, but the right was rescinded in 1887 by the Washington Territorial Supreme Court as a response to female support of prohibition. Despite these initial defeats, women in the Pacific Northwest received the right to vote earlier than the rest of the country, with Washington passing a suffrage amendment in 1910. Prohibition followed in 1916, two years before the rest of the nation.
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101:, were part of the path millions of salmon took to spawn. The presence of private wealth among the more aggressive coastal tribes encouraged gender divisions, as women took on prominent roles as traders and men participated in warring and captive-taking with other tribes. The eastern tribes, called the Plateau tribes, survived through seasonal hunting, fishing, and gathering. Tribal work among the Plateau Indians was also gender-divided, with both men and women responsible for equal parts of the food supply.
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2049:. In the debate over whether Washington's land should be privatized or made public, with Western citizens preferring the former and Eastern citizens preferring the latter, Ferry tried to take a neutral stance. However his commission failed to resolve the dispute in the allotted time allowing the land to fall into the hands of corporations, which led to allegations that he was in the pocket of corporations. The same inference was drawn when Ferry called on the
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19:
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coalition grew increasingly unstable. With internal struggle rumors of corruption began to fly, and the People's Party began to turn on itself and view figures like Rogers with suspicion. Despite these failures, under Rogers the economy saw a revival, which actually worked against him, further shifting political opinion back to moderatism. By 1899 the
Populist movement had effectively disintegrated, and failed to pass other proposals such as a
2020:
2062:
1685:
964:
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394:(mixed race) people had grown from centuries of early-European fur traders partnering with Native American women. Before Caucasian women began moving to the territory in the 1830s, traders and fur trade workers generally sought MĂ©tis or Native American women for wives. Early European-Indigenous mixed ancestry settlements resulted from these partnerships as outgrowth of the fur trade into agriculture:
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caused by the highly monopolized nature of the new railroads. In addition, rising economic issues led to a crash in 1893 which proved disastrous for the
Washingtonian people. This caused a rise in Agrarian Populism throughout the state, and the populists within Washington, who had previously been only a tertiary factor in state/territorial politics began to grow into a defining element.
1733:, arguing that Britain should seize the Washington Territory while the US was preoccupied with the Civil War. He reasoned this was possible because there were little to no US troops stationed in the region since most other units stationed there were off to war in the East, the territory's population was scattered, and there were only a few U.S. naval ships in the area. He also said the
1944:. Going door to door the Committees broke into Chinese owned homes and businesses, kidnapping Chinese residents with the intent of forcing all of them out of Seattle by train or ferry. Meanwhile, more unorganized mobs of angry White citizens began to ransack Chinese areas of the city and accost any Asians they could find. The city broke down into anarchy and governor
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parties in an election. As far back as 1854, newspapers mentioned ending talk of a "people's party", though it is not clear whether they were referring to an actually established party or a concept. It seems likely that the party had been established by at least 1874, as multiple primary sources attest to some kind of People's Party existing at the time.
2153:. Despite these successes for the Populists, they remained a minority (if now a sizeable one) in the State Congress, and the Northern Pacific Railroad had managed to extract concessions from the Republicans, causing the failure of any bills directly trying to regulate the railroads. This would lead to a further rise in Populism, led by a young
708:(founded in 1851 and originally called "Duwamps"), were established. Though wagon trains had previously carried entire families to the Oregon Territory, these early trading settlements were populated primarily with single young men. Liquor, gambling, and prostitution were ubiquitous, supported in Seattle by one of the city's founders,
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were never received. Both the city mayor and McGraw would be unseated in the next elections, primarily for their actions in helping the
Chinese. Due to the increased animosity and tension, most Asian citizens in Washington territory would in the following months either migrate to more friendly cities or return to China.
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signatures on what were dubbed "Referendum
Sundays," Eyman was only able to gather 105,103 signatures, more than 7,000 signatures short of the minimum. As a result, the law went into effect on June 7, 2006. The Washington legislature introduced more advanced converge of domestic partnerships in 2008.
1980:
ordered
Governor Squire to lift Martial Law, as most of the riots had ended, though illegal efforts to deport the Chinese continued (with some success). In the aftermath of the riots, none of the perpetrators would be charged, and the money that the courts allotted for damages to the Chinese citizens
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later came to support the militia forces. These militia forces, eager for action, provoked both friendly and hostile
Indians. In 1850, five Cayuse were convicted for murdering the Whitmans in 1847 and hanged. Sporadic bloodshed continued until 1855, when the Cayuse were decimated, defeated, bereft of
2680:, in which voters may vote for any candidate on the ballot and are not required to be affiliated with a particular political party, was ruled unconstitutional in 2003. The party-line primary system was instituted for the 2004 presidential and gubernatorial elections. In 2004, voters elected Governor
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in 1892, seemingly unaffiliated with the early People's Party in
Washington. The views of this party would align with the later 1880s descriptions of the party, making it possible either that the Washington People's Party described in the 1880s was a separate party than the earlier one, or that over
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available for the manufacturing of ships for the war effort. As the demand for labor and the number of young men drafted for service increased simultaneously, women entered the workforce in large numbers, recruited by local media. One-fourth of the laborers in shipyards were women, resulting in the
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eventually forced
Stevens to rescind the Martial Law order. While some pushed for his removal, President Pierce refused to take action against him (though he denounced the declaration of martial law), and many white settlers in Washington thought that the Anti-Stevens agitators were too sympathetic
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to retrieve the Governor. These marshals were expelled, and in return Stevens had Judge Lander arrested by his militias. Stevens then established a military committee for the trials of those held under militia custody. At this point, Chief Territorial Justice Francis Chenoweth, who was in the midst
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had married Native women during the early years of the Territory (before it was considered safe enough for white women). Stevens and his administration suspected these men of having covertly aided the Natives, and so upon the declaration of Martial Law they were immediately arrested and shipped off
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of the Nisqually was finally captured after one of the largest battles of the war. Stevens, who was seeking to punish Leschi for what he considered a troublesome revolt, had Leschi charged with the murder of a member of the Washingtonian militia. Leschi's argument in his defense was that he was not
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rhetoric that was popular among some settlers, historian David M. Buerge charges that Stevens' "timetable reckless; the whole enterprise was organized in profound ignorance of native society, culture, and history,â and that âhe twenty-thousand-odd aboriginal inhabitants who were assumed to be in
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were surprised by the differences in Indian tribes in the Pacific Northwest from those they had encountered earlier in the expedition, noting, in particular, the increased status of women among both coastal and plateau tribes. Lewis hypothesized that the equality of women and the elderly with men,
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Despite this amazing victory, the fusion proved unstable, and in many cases they were just as slow to make decisions as the Republicans had been. A cornerstone of the Populist platform, the creation of a Railroad Commission, failed in the House by one vote. With their main focus obstructed, their
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movements were deeply intertwined with anti-Asian sentiment. Asian people were seen as universally backwards and inferior, slave-like creatures who were being flooded into the country by wealthy business owners to put real Americans out of their jobs, despite the fact that many had arrived in the
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and Radical Republican factions on Reconstruction causing them to narrowly lose their majority. The Democrats too remained split between the pro-Federalist Moderates and anti-Federalist Copperheads. In general though, the previously somewhat contentious stance of pro-Federalism had solidified and
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to summon the local posse under arms, and accordingly 50 men gathered to defend the court. Stevensâ territorial volunteers arrived at the courthouse demanding entrance to arrest Chenoweth, but the local militia held firm, and eventually soldiers from the local US Federal military base, led by Lt.
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interfering in Washingtonian business. Despite this, the Federally mandated Stevens was often more popular with the Washingtonian people than the actual local elected government (despite the controversy surrounding him). As the nation approached civil war, national politics were in the midst of a
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Leschi was outraged and pulled out of the negotiations, preferring war to the loss of his tribe's ancestral lands. While it is not clear who fired the first shots, this standoff quickly escalated into violence as Washington Territorial militias began to exchange fire with Nisqually soldiers. This
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To recognize the 150th anniversary of the birth of Washington, the State Archives has created a historical timeline of the Pacific Northwest and Washington Territory. With the help of pictures and documents from the State Archives, the timeline recounts the major political and social events that
2706:
On January 30, 2006, Governor Christine Gregoire signed into law legislation making Washington the 17th state in the nation to protect gay and lesbian people from discrimination in housing, lending, and employment, and the 7th state in the nation to offer these protections to transgender people.
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to put down a miners' strike. Following a costly fire, a local mining company had decided to cut expenses by replacing white mineworkers with black workers at lower wages. The longer the strike lasted, the more the employers saw the advantages of using black labor, and this became their standard
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sentiments, calling for the end of the importation of âhordes of heathen slavesâ from the âMongolian Empireâ into America by business owners, the restriction of their right to own property, and the deportation of existing Chinese peoples. This version of the party also fits into the noted debate
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The official History of the Washington State Legislature states "As had been the case in 1882, in Thurston County, Democrats and anti-administration Republicans joined to form the Peopleâs Party". However a Washington local newspaper in 1865 listed the People's Party as one of the main competing
2073:
In 1890, while nationally Democrats won in a landslide, in Washington their gains were only meager, and they remained the minority. During the 1880s Washington had become more and more prosperous, but the Eastern agricultural areas did not share in the prosperity of the cities. In part this was
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arrived and tried to take control of the USâ forces in order to centralize the chain of command, his reportedly elitist attitude and belief that the Washingtonian whites had caused the war meant he lost the loyalty of the volunteer driven militias who mostly stayed de facto under the command of
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A web-based museum showcasing aspects of the rich history and culture of Washington State's Olympic Peninsula communities. Features cultural exhibits, curriculum packets and a searchable archive of over 12,000 items that includes historical photographs, audio recordings, videos, maps, diaries,
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Inspired by the success of the Tacoma Riot, Anti-Chinese Committees were formed throughout the territory. These organizations were led by the newly founded Washington Territorial Anti-Chinese Congress, who jointly declared that by the end of 1885 all Chinamen were to have left the city or face
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Concurrent with the Nisqually negotiations, tensions with other local tribes also continued to escalate. In one instance a group of Washingtonians assaulted and murdered a Yakama mother, her daughter, and her newborn infant. The woman's husband Mosheel, the son of the Yakama tribe's chieftain,
1548:, who were effectively members of the Democrats. However other sources seemed to dispute this, with one newspaper claiming that the People's Party and the Republicans were working together against the Democrats. These early sources tend to paint the People's Party as having been ideologically
167:, in the northwest corner of the state, an ancient village was covered by a mud slide, perhaps triggered by an earthquake about 500 years ago. More than 50,000 well-preserved artifacts have been found and cataloged, many of which are now on display at the Makah Cultural and Research Center in
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filed a referendum that same day, seeking to put the issue before the state's voters. In order to qualify for the November election, the measure required a minimum of 112,440 voter signatures by 5:00 p.m. June 6, 2006. Despite a push from conservative churches across the state to gather
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In a surprise for the Republicans, who were expecting and did receive a general sweep in the 1900 elections, Rogers who had formally switched parties and joined the Democrats, was re-elected as governor. This upset was not long to last though, as in 1901 Rogers unexpectedly died. The line of
1870:
instead most controversy surrounded Reconstruction and President Johnson, which was much more split. While the extreme division led to an unproductive session of the Legislature, the one major achievement was the creation of a standardized education system. Early the next year when the
1524:, early on in the history of the territory a popular third party was founded, called the People's Party. The existence and prominence of this party is widely corroborated, with the official History of the Washington State Legislature claiming for example that former Republican Governor
97:. Clothing was also made from the bark of cedar trees. The Columbia River tribes became the richest of the Washington tribes through their control of Celilo Falls, historically the richest salmon fishing location in the Northwest. These falls on the Columbia River, east of present-day
1928:
wherein vigilante groups hundreds strong forcefully broke into the homes of any Asians who had not fled the city and brutally assaulted them. By the end of the three days of terror, all 700 Chinese Americans in Tacoma had fled, as their homes and businesses were reduced to ashes.
4300:
The State Archives and the State Library hold extensive map collections dealing with the Washington State and the surrounding region. Maps for this digital collection will be drawn from state and territorial government records, historic books, federal documents and the Northwest
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exploded outward, destroying a large part of the top of the volcano. This eruption flattened the forests for many miles, killed 57 people, flooded the Columbia River and its tributaries with ash and mud and blanketed large parts of Washington in ash, making day look like night.
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in Walla Walla include outbreaks of disease, resentment over harsh attempts at conversion of both religion and way of life, and contempt of the native Indians shown by the missionaries, particularly by Narcissa Whitman, the first white American woman in the Oregon Territory.
1967:
A militia called the Seattle's Rifles was quickly formed to deal with the rioters and protect the Chinese citizens who had been abducted from their homes and dragged out into the streets. This militia was led by future state governor and at that time current Seattle Sheriff
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This digital collection of full-text books brings together rare, out of print titles for easy access by students, teachers, genealogists and historians. Visit Washington's early years through the lives of the men and women who lived and worked in Washington Territory and
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Washington Territory immediately mobilized for war, and sent the Territorial Militia to put down what it saw as a rebellion. The tribes - first the Yakama, eventually joined by the Walla Walla and the Cayuse - united together to fight the Americans in what is called the
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or Black Republicans by the Democrats. While on paper, the Democrats maintained substantial majorities in the late â50s and early â60s, in reality, it was hard to tell where people stood and loyalties were continually shifting depending upon where one stood on the war,
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ordered that all traffic to the Fraser River go via Victoria. Despite the limitation on goldfield-related commerce, many men who left the "Fraser River Humbug" (as the rush was for a while misnamed) settled in Whatcom and Island counties. Some of these were settlers on
2664:. Monopolies have a long history in the state. Bill Boeing's namesake company grew from a small airplane company in 1916 to the national aircraft and airline conglomerate of Boeing and United Airlines, which was subsequently broken up by anti-trust regulators in 1934.
1669:, but instead garrisoned the few posts in Washington that were not abandoned at the beginning of the war. They also protected communications routes between the western and eastern United States in Oregon and Idaho from the Indians and against the threat of foreign
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during the US Civil War, it nonetheless had a major impact on the territory. Despite anti-federalist sympathies and Democratic party dominance, there was never a strong secessionist movement in Washington state. While many were sympathetic to the cause of the
4018:'(Winter2011/2012) 25#4 pp 20-World's fairs held in Washington State, including the 1909 Alaska-Yukon-Pacific Exposition (AYPE) and the 1962 "The Century 21 Exposition," both held in Seattle; and Expo '74, "Man and His Environment," held in Spokane in 1974.
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Because of Washington's distance and complicated relationship with the war in general, it never sent a division into battle during the Civil War. This does not mean it was totally uninvolved though. The Washington Territory Volunteer Militia was formed by
986:
2703:, took place in 1999 when the WTO convened to discuss trade negotiations. Massive protests of at least 40,000 people included organizations such as NGOs involved in environment issues, labor unions, student groups, religious groups, and anarchists.
253:
of the 1790s ended Spanish exclusivity and opened the Northwest Coast to explorers and traders from other nations, most important being Britain, Russia, and the United States. Further explorations of the straits were performed by Spanish explorers
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The Indian Wars were controversial, as many who opposed Governor Stevens claimed they were unjust and that he had intentionally caused them, thereby costing many Washingtonians to lose their lives. This opposition would not grow any smaller when
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in our hands, we should hold the only navigable outlets of the countryâcommand its trade, and soon compel it to submit to Her Majestyâs Rule." British officials instead chose to pass on his proposal so as not to risk war with the United States.
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time the party had shifted from a Conservative to a more Progressive position. This would be supported by the official History of the Washington State Legislature, as it noted that in 1893 the People's Party merged with the local progressive
4266:
101 images (ca. 1858â1903) collected and annotated by Thomas Prosch, one of Seattle's earliest pioneers. Images document scenes in Eastern Washington especially Chelan and vicinity, and Seattle's early history including the Seattle Fire of
3121:"Message from the President of the United States communicating, In compliance with a resolution of the Senate of the 30th ultimo, information respecting the proclamation of martial law in the Territory of Washington, etc". 10 February 1857.
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The progressive force of the early 20th century in Washington stemmed partially from the women's club movement which offered opportunities for leadership and political power to tens of thousands of women in the Pacific Northwest region.
1975:
Amidst the fighting, the Seattle Rangers were mostly able to protect the Chinese citizens in their custody, but in the places they could not reach many Chinese people were successfully shipped out of the city. A few days later president
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ran as a People's Party candidate, and that in the 1887 Legislative council, 6 members were Republicans, 4 were Democrats, and 2 were from the People's Party. Most sources state that it was formed after a defection of Democrats and some
558:, composed of present-day Washington, Oregon, and Idaho as well as parts of Montana and Wyoming, was established. Settlements in the eastern part of the state were largely agricultural and focused around missionary establishments in the
2094:
produced dense forests and the ports along Puget Sound prospered from the manufacturing and shipping of lumber products, particularly the Douglas fir. In 1905, Washington State became the largest producer of lumber in the nation.
2161:. During the 1895 session, Rogers successfully passed the "Barefoot School-boy" act despite heavy resistance from urban liberals, and unsuccessfully opposed the creation of a state capitol as he believed it was a waste of money.
1823:
Union supporters were upset that the legislature had not adopted a strong stand in support of the Union. Party lines continued to deteriorate as the main single issue now was the Civil War. Republicans referred to Democrats as
4153:
The State of Washington: A Brief History of the Discovery, Settlement, and Organization of Washington, the "Evergreen State", as well as a Compilation of Official Statistics Showing the Material Development of the State up to
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have given aid and comfort to the enemy. Therefore, as the war is now being actively prosecuted throughout nearly the whole of the said county, I, Isaac I. Stevens, Governor of the Territory of Washington, do hereby proclaim
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was the primary port for trade with Alaska and for a time possessed a large shipbuilding industry. Other industries that developed in Washington include fishing, salmon canning, and mining. For an extended period of time,
813:
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region at the same time or earlier than many of the White settlers. During this period, roughly from the mid-1880s to the late 19th century, anti-Asian hate crimes would dramatically increase, ultimately leading to the
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was known for its large smelters where gold, silver, copper and lead ores were treated. The region around eastern Puget Sound developed heavy industry during the period including World War I and World War II and the
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Images (ca. 1880â1940) of Washington State, including forts and military installations, homesteads and residences, national parks and mountaineering, and industries and occupations, such as logging, mining and
1845:
would all contribute to their fall in popularity. In the election of 1865 the Republicans won their first victory in the Legislature, finally ending the era of Democratic dominance. The new southern president
3959:
3948:
4280:
A collection of writings, diaries, letters, and reminiscences that recount the early settlement of Washington, the establishment of homesteads and towns and the hardships faced by many of the early pioneers.
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was generally disliked and seem as an opportunist. This led to a split in the Democratic Party between Garfielde and his opponents, allowing Wallace and the Republican Party to win control of the Territory.
1840:
In 1864 the elections returned another victory for the Democrats, but they were deeply divided and engaged in many public quarrels, injuring their popularity. This combined with the end of the war and the
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was that it required: "The said tribes and bands of Indians hereby cede, relinquish and convey to the United States, all their right, title, and interest in and to the lands and country occupied by them."
1795:
on September 1, 1862, after picking up the fallen regimental colors of his old regiment, shouting "Highlanders, my Highlanders, follow your general!" Charging with his troops while carrying the banner of
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party, which believed that capitalists controlled the national Congress, and that a party for the Washingtonian working class was needed to fight for its interests. This version of the party advocated
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as the first Republican Governor of the territory. Shortly thereafter Colonel Wallace received the Republican nomination for Congress. After Stevens had left the territory, his Democratic successor,
2430:. His open-housing ordinance faced serious resistance before ultimately prevailing, thereby preventing discrimination in the selling or renting of Seattle real estate. After his untimely death, the
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As American settlers moved west along the Oregon Trail, some traveled through the northern part of the Oregon Territory and settled in the Puget Sound area. The first European settlement in the
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While in the short term, the Populist program was a failure and the fusion party quickly died, within twenty years almost all of their major points would become law. These points included the
1385:
News of Chenoweth's actions got to Stevens and he deployed a detachment of soldiers to shut down the court and arrest Chenoweth. While these volunteers were on route, Chenoweth ordered the
1030:, with both sides committing atrocities. Stevens led his soldiers on the frontlines, doing battle with the Natives in vicious encounters across the State. While eventually Federal General
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in 1847 immediately raised companies of volunteers to go to war, if necessary, against the Cayuse, and, to the discontent of some of the militia leaders, also sent a peace commission. The
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171:. Other sites have also revealed how long people have been there. Thumbnail-sized quartz knife blades found at the Hoko River site near Clallam Bay are believed to be 2,500 years old.
2058:, leading to increased support for Populist ideas. Upon his return to the capital Governor Elisha P Ferry essentially ignored the entire issue, leaving Laughton to be the scapegoat.
1544:
The beliefs and allegiances of this party are also somewhat unclear. The official history and certain newspapers from the 1870s labelled the People's Party as nothing but radical
1837:, and on location of the capital. Minor outbreaks of violence were commonplace, with Republican and Democratic newspaper publishers being shot multiple times during this period.
85:
Anthropologists estimate there were 125 distinct Northwest tribes and 50 languages and dialects in existence before the arrival of Euro-Americans in this region. Throughout the
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in certain areas), but party label seemed to count for very little. The real political division in the legislative assembly was whether you were pro-Stevens or anti-Stevens.
923:
That same year, gold was discovered in the newly established Yakama reservation and white miners encroached upon these lands, with Washington Territory beginning to consider
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4321:
This collection includes booklets, pamphlets, and maps that detail the development of the regions, towns, and cities of the Pacific Northwest, especially Washington State.
490:. In 1824, Russia signed an agreement with the U.S. acknowledging it had no claims south of 54-40 latitude north and Russia signed a similar treaty with Britain in 1825.
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2519:, who led a decade long campaign for treaty rights and cooperative management of natural resources. These collective efforts led to a major victory in the landmark 1974
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commencing in 1807. In 1811, he became the first European to navigate the entire length of the river to the Pacific. Along the way he posted a notice where it joins the
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policy. Proposals to regulate the railroads and an âAnti-Pinkertonâ bill banning the employment of private union busters both were vetoed by temporary acting Governor
1874:
finally reconvened, the majority Moderate Republican US congress removed Governor George Cole, who had been chosen independently by their archnemesis Andrew Johnson.
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would resign from office, refusing to serve under a Republican president, and would return to his family plantation and help them relocate their slaves and assets to
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was one of the first populated areas in North America. Both animal and human bones dating back to 13,000 years old have been found across Washington and evidence of
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over the said county of Pierce, and do by these presents suspend for the time being and till further notice, the functions of all civil officers in said county.
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1537:, goals, achievements, and even the date of its foundation is somewhat difficult to place due to conflicting primary sources and a lack of secondary analysis.
281:. The name later came to be used for the waters north of Tacoma Narrows as well. Vancouver and his expedition mapped the coast of Washington from 1792 to 1794.
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and Edward Lander subsequently began a drawn out legal dispute with Stevens which threatened to spill the Territory into civil war. After Stevens ignored a
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Whereas in the prosecution of the Indian war circumstances have existed affording such grave cause of suspicion, such that certain evil disposed persons of
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Utter, Robert F., and Edward J. Larson. "Church and State on the Frontier: The History of the Establishment Clauses in the Washington State Constitution."
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was also elected as the third governor of Washington State, making him the first and only third-party candidate to win such a high office in the state.
1657:, the lack of slavery in the territory combined with its weariness after the Indian Wars gave it no real incentive to join ranks with the Confederates.
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1665:, who was able to recruit roughly two divisions from Washington civilians. The Volunteer soldiers who served in Washington did not fight against the
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Taylor, Edward. "Critical race theory and interest convergence in the backlash against affirmative action: Washington State and Initiative 200."
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As the national conversation around the silver and gold standard heated up, the dominant Republican Party fractured, with part of it forming the
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CLINTON A. SNOWDEN, History of Washington: The Rise and Progress of an American State, olume Four: THE CENTURY HISTORY COMPANY, NEW YORK, 1909.
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This collection includes the glass negatives, photographs and appointment notebooks of Warren Wood, pioneer surveyor of the Pacific Northwest.
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of 1858, all happened simultaneously and were generally referred to by the Washingtonian settlers as the "Indian Wars". Fighting raged in the
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652:, in 1846. They settled in Washington to avoid Oregon's racist settlement-laws. After them, many more settlers, migrating overland along the
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Haarsager, Sandra. "Organized Womanhood: Cultural Politics in the Pacific Northwest, 1840-1920." Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997.
562:. Missionaries attempted to 'civilize' the Indians, often in ways that disregarded or misunderstood native practices. When missionaries Dr.
4733:
4404:
2872:
Collier, Donald, Alfred Hudson, and Arlo Ford.. "Archaeology of the Upper Columbia Region". Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1942.
1179:. In addition, Stevens was generally suspicious of many of the Whig supporters throughout the territory, and had them arrested or harassed.
89:
region, coastal tribes made use of the region's abundant natural resources, subsisting primarily on salmon, halibut, shellfish, and whale.
1753:
873:
The conflicts over the possession of land between the Indians and the American settlers led the Americans in 1855, by the treaties at the
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The territorial judiciary was outraged at this federal outsider overstepping his authority to trample on local rule of law, and Justices
3665:"HistoryLink: U.S. Army flyers land at Sand Point Airfield to complete first aerial circumnavigation of the globe on September 28, 1924"
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Joint occupancy was renewed, but on a year-to-year basis in 1827. Eventually, increased tension between U.S. settlers arriving by the
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state in the United States on November 11, 1889. The proposed state constitution, passed by a four-to-one ratio, originally included
4128:
Van Lanen, Amanda. " 'Where Dollars Grow on Trees': The Promise and Reality of Irrigated Farming in Central Washington, 1890â1910."
2562:, better Native health, and who was closely associated with the Kinatechitapi (or "All Indian") political group's efforts to occupy
4708:
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2347:
During World War II, the Puget Sound area became a focus for war industries with the Boeing Company producing many of the nation's
2005:
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The decision was made unilaterally, without the support of the territorial or federal government. In Washington, many men from the
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3404:"Protest in a Promised Land: Unemployment, Disinheritance, and the Origin of Labor Militancy in the Pacific Northwest, 1885-1886"
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Despite many testimonies to the idea that the People's Party were simply a populist offshoot of the conservative Democrats, the
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that was common throughout the country at the time, the partisanship of the two political parties, and the culture of political
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consequences. As they gained immense popularity they began to pool funds and catalog the Chinese residents throughout Seattle.
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The muddled attitude of the Territory would be exemplified by attitudes of the former governors of the state. Former governor
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and travelled by canoe to Pierce County. Upon arriving, Chenoweth again began the process of issuing a writ of habeas corpus.
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Republican, McBride also saw corporations and lobbyists as an impediment to the growth of the state, and strongly pushed for
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Washington, West of the Cascades: Historical and Descriptive; the Explorers, the Indians, the Pioneers, the Modern, Volume 1
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302 images from the turn of the 20th century documenting the landscape, people, and cities and towns of Western Washington.
3825:"Self-Determination: Taking Back Fort Lawton. Meeting the Needs of Seattle's Native American Community Through Conversion"
1803:
During this period there was also a political shift, as the state began moving away from the Democrats and to the growing
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1893 advert from the People's Shoe Store, a business looking to capitalize on the boom of populism throughout the state.
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1570:
People's Party platform of 1886 paints a very different picture. In it the party is portrayed more as a populist quasi-
1142:
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633:
2504:, wherein Native American activists fought for their rights to traditional fishing areas through "fish-ins" and other
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947:(along with other tribes), and while it provided concessions such as fishing rights, the main crux of the so-called
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were annexed to the Washington Territory. In 1863, the area of Washington Territory east of the Snake River and the
205:
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Van Kirk, Sylvia. "The Role of Native Women in the Creation of Fur Trade Society in Western Canada, 1670-1830".
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By 1892, the Populists were beginning to push through the roadblocks placed in front of them by the Moderate
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2566:(which was seen as having been built on rightful Native lands). Bernie was a member of Seattle's so called "
1047:
terrorized Native Americans and settlers alike in Puget Sound in the 1850s (note the events associated with
1007:, defeated the Natives decisively. In a newly imposed treaty, tribes were, again, confined to reservations.
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looking to establish an inland fur post. It contributed to David Stuart's choice, on behalf of the American
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refused to leave their mission as racial tensions mounted in 1847, 13 American missionaries were killed by
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in 1792, naming the river after his ship "Columbia" and later establishing a trade in sea otter pelts. The
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Early prominent industries in the state included agriculture, lumber, and mining. In eastern Washington,
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Generally, citizens of Washington where highly anti-federalist, seeing the national government as greedy
1003:. The U.S. Army sent troops and a number of raids and battles took place. In 1858, the Americans, at the
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on the other hand would (somewhat surprisingly) give up political office and head back east to join the
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History of Washington: The Evergreen State, from Early Dawn to Daylight: With Portraits and Biographies
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Bosanko, Marlene S. McCl. "Among colored hats and other gewgaws: The early Irish in Washington State."
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rapid decline, were given a brutal choice: they would adapt to white society or they could disappear.â
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784:, leaving that territory with only the lands within the current boundaries of the State of Washington.
737:
733:
685:, which included Washington and pieces of Idaho and Montana, was formed from Oregon Territory in 1853.
375:
trading post, was established near present-day Walla Walla, Washington. Thompson's notice was found by
305:
289:
232:
160:. Today, Washington contains more than 20 Indian reservations, the largest of which is for the Yakama.
1989:
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history before Europeans arrived and began to establish territorial claims. The region was part of
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into office, making Washington the first state to have a female governor and two female senators,
2434:
would be opened in 1967 in his honor, displaying the culture, art, and history of Asian Americans.
2282:
was elected mayor of Seattle in 1926, the first woman mayor of a major city in the United States.
1117:
stronghold, Washington's position in the union was unclear as the nation approached its impending
791:
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2527:, which reaffirmed the Native's right to fish in the areas designated by the treaties. In 2015,
2231:
into the office, but rather than reverse Rogers' reforms, McBride actually furthered them. As a
648:, respectively, led four white families into the territory and settled New Market, now known as
632:(incorporated in 1840), a subsidiary of the Hudson's Bay Company. Washington's pioneer founder,
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1960:
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637:
403:
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as his replacement. Initially Pickering tried to fight this decision but eventually conceded.
900:
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were constructed along the Columbia River as part of a project to increase the production of
2301:
1893:
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At this time, Washington was still very politically split, with the growing conflict between
1825:
991:
720:
saw a flurry of settlement and merchant activity in northern Puget Sound which gave birth to
709:
344:
241:
93:
was an important building material and was used by tribes to build both longhouses and large
47:
2672:
Politics in Washington have been generally Democratic since the 1950s and 60s and President
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2419:
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2001:
1941:
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1627:
1468:
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were not yet a factor. This combined with their anti-federalist tendencies led to a strong
1133:
party had recently collapsed and virtually disappeared from politics, and the newly formed
1086:
1004:
904:
861:
823:
682:
677:
668:
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278:
266:
in 1792. Captain Vancouver claimed the sound for Britain and named the waters south of the
235:, at the entrance to the Strait of Juan de Fuca. But the strait itself was not found until
168:
43:
4270:
3993:
Brown, Roberta Stringham, and Patricia O'Connell Killen. "Spiritual Boundaries in flux,"
3800:"It's Official: Statue Honoring Billy Frank Jr. To Replace Marcus Whitman At U.S. Capitol"
3687:
Skold, Karen Beck. "The Job He Left Behind: Women in the Shipyards During World War II."
2618:
On May 18, 1980, following a period of heavy tremors and eruptions, the northeast face of
2597:
2164:
736:
on Vancouver Island as a disembarkation point of the goldfields until the governor of the
433:
74:
dates back to approximately 9,000 BCE, 3,000 to 5,000 years after massive flooding of the
8:
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was known for its apple orchards and wheat fields. The heavy rainfall to the west of the
2055:
2009:
1925:
1829:
1792:
1614:
during the late 1880s over whether the People's Party was officially affiliated with the
1590:
1496:
878:
777:
725:
712:, who believed that well-run prostitution could be a functional part of the economy. The
506:
475:
380:
3883:
2636:
Washington is well known for several prominent companies, the most notable of which are
2368:
installation of one of the first government-funded child-care centers in the workplace.
2137:, were almost unanimously overridden and signed into law by the new Republican Governor
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1993:
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705:
605:
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479:
432:. Spain ceded their rights north of the 42nd Parallel to the United States by the 1819
368:
328:
259:
204:
The first European record of a landing on the Washington coast was in 1774 by Spaniard
98:
67:
23:
4256:
2977:
2222:, who successfully fought against the railroads and preserved many Populist policies.
407:
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3390:
Asian Americans: An Encyclopedia of Social, Cultural, Economic, and Political History
3160:
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plant was opened in 1943 and played a major role in the construction of the nation's
2328:
1525:
1366:
697:, a fellow veteran. In 1853 Stevens successfully applied to President Pierce for the
448:
436:, (but not possession, which was disallowed by the terms of the Nootka Conventions).
250:
179:
129:
105:
90:
71:
63:
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3415:
2796:
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2555:
2512:
2509:
2472:
2431:
2336:
2317:
2066:
1977:
1945:
1937:
1768:
1615:
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1455:
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429:
313:
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263:
184:
121:
39:
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509:, and the U.S. ceded its claims to the north of the same line, in the present day
5685:
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5573:
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that had been established in earlier treaties. This led to a period known as the
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2236:
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1918:
1808:
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137:
125:
113:
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2791:
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2316:
RD airplane. Chkalov was originally scheduled to land at an airstrip in nearby
2313:
2309:
2199:
2106:
1847:
1761:
1746:
1674:
1563:, preferring a more Washingtonian association free from strict partisan lines.
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79:
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from 1848 to 1853, after which it was separated from Oregon and established as
4240:"Irish in Washington â The Early Years (1840s to 1890)" By A. J. Burton (2003)
1741:
were powerful and could easily do the job, ending with a statement that "with
1062:
540:
183:
A portrait from the late 18th century by an unknown artist believed to depict
5773:
4902:
4839:
3997:(Winter2013/2014) 27#4 pp 14â20. On Missionaries and Indians in 19th century.
3617:
3489:"It's Your Misfortune and None of My Own": A New History of the American West
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traveled under arms, and many instances of violence occurred along the route.
1023:
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686:
620:
area in the west of present-day Washington State came in 1833 at the British
586:
571:
514:
384:
324:
145:
133:
51:
4336:
4044:
Historical Atlas of the Pacific Northwest: Maps of Exploration and Discovery
2881:
Armitage, Susan. "Tied to Other Lives: Women in Pacific Northwest History."
1365:
for the prisoners from Judge Lander, Lander responded by holding Stevens in
4886:
4871:
2685:
2528:
2372:
2348:
2087:
1901:
1709:
1594:
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1508:
1472:
1110:
1036:
1031:
916:
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529:
494:
246:
164:
117:
109:
3345:
Washington University State Historical Society., Seattle, 1906, pp. 33-37.
2394:
on August 9, 1945) was fueled by Hanford plutonium and was transported in
1850:(Lincoln's compromise vice president) tried to remove Republican governor
1533:
Republicans from their parties. Despite this, the party's actual members,
701:, a post that also carried the title of Superintendent of Indian Affairs.
224:
and claimed the coastal lands up to the Russian possessions in the north.
4829:
3358:"Thwarting Southern Schemes and British Bluster in the Pacific Northwest"
2563:
2442:
2395:
2379:
2332:
2308:, USSR over the North Pole. The first of these flights were performed by
2013:
1949:
1914:
1684:
1602:
1504:
1391:
1163:
1125:
1019:
672:
The Oregon Territory (blue) with the Washington Territory (green) in 1853
657:
617:
498:
471:
364:
274:
270:
192:
86:
4239:
3749:
3701:
3135:
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1648:
While Washington territory was one of the least involved regions of the
897:
to a reservation in the border region of Washington, Oregon and Idaho.
4380:
4198:
Washington's First Constitution, 1878 and Proceedings of the Convention
3774:"President Obama Names Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom"
3376:
He Hath Loosed the Fateful Lightning: The Battle of Ox Hill (Chantilly)
3307:"The Evening Telegraph 25 October 1886 â Washington Digital Newspapers"
3136:"Governor Isaac Stevens ejects Judge Edward Lander from his court unde"
3037:
Callaghan, Peter (15 October 2013). "The site of Chief Leschi hanging".
2641:
2575:
2536:
2493:
Meanwhile, tensions rose as white fishing companies continued to erode
2480:
2251:
1904:
labor replacing white labor throughout Washington, many of the growing
1788:
1734:
1697:
1606:
1191:
1015:
1000:
924:
851:
846:
704:
Lumber industries drew settlers to the territory. Coastal cities, like
597:
505:. On June 15, 1846, Britain ceded its claims to the lands south of the
458:
228:
4349:
4285:
3435:
3403:
3259:"Puget Sound Dispatch 5 February 1874 â Washington Digital Newspapers"
3235:"Puget Sound Dispatch 15 October 1874 â Washington Digital Newspapers"
3208:"Pioneer And Democrat 4 February 1854 â Washington Digital Newspapers"
2841:"The Creation of Washington: Securing Democracy North of the Columbia"
2451:
1516:
Because many Washingtonians did not feel they aligned with either the
520:
In 1872, An arbitration process settled the boundary dispute from the
4244:
2708:
2661:
2649:
2637:
2501:
2415:
2019:
1571:
1556:
1252:
645:
376:
18:
3653:. Ed. Karen J. Blair. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1998.
3455:
The Role of Federal Military Forces in Domestic Disorders, 1877-1945
2963:. Ed. Karen J. Blair. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1998.
2885:. Ed. Karen J. Blair. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1998.
1621:
Another complicating factor is the founding of the broader national
390:
By the time American settlers arrived in the 1830s, a population of
300:(for whom Grays Harbor County is named) discovered the mouth of the
3419:
3184:"Walla Walla Statesman 19 May 1865 â Washington Digital Newspapers"
2196:
2061:
1963:, who helped lead militias in defense of Chinese American citizens.
1955:
1909:
1800:, Stevens was struck in the temple by a bullet and died instantly.
1549:
1534:
1487:
1481:
1449:
1141:
Party majority in the territory (despite their lack of slavery and
1094:
932:
821:
641:
153:
4098:
Wings of Power: Boeing and the Politics of Growth in the Northwest
3691:
Ed. Karen J. Blair. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1988.
3451:
1854:
for his criticisms of how the Johnson administration was handling
462:
Watercolor of US Army building Roberts Redoubt on San Juan Island.
391:
4940:
4881:
4345:, Bibliographies & Guides, Washington DC: Library of Congress
3725:
2574:
activists composed of Whitebear, Asian American community leader
2505:
2407:
2383:
2352:
2083:
1797:
765:
4330:
4157:, Tacoma, WA: World's Fair Commission of the State of Washington
4014:
Creighton, Paul. "Washington, Blessed with Three World's Fairs"
3869:
The Gang of Four: Four Leaders, Four Communities, One Friendship
2227:
succession promoted the Lieutenant Governor, a Republican named
2069:
was the largest dam in the world at the time of its construction
428:
American interests in the region grew as part of the concept of
50:. On November 11, 1889, Washington became the 42nd state of the
3388:
Englesberg, Paul. (2014). Tacoma Anti-Chinese Riot of 1885. In
2657:
2645:
2305:
2041:, former Territorial Governor from almost a decade earlier and
963:
753:
367:
claiming the land for Britain and stating the intention of the
187:, a British explorer who claimed modern day Washington for the
157:
4233:
4002:
Roots and Branches: The Religious Heritage of Washington State
2947:
Chronology and Documentary Handbook of the State of Washington
1093:
proved the defining character of the political landscape. His
443:
and a well-established network of fur trading forts along the
2924:. Seattle: University of Washington Press. pp. 427â428.
1637:
761:
94:
3900:
1996:
prior to the 1967 adoption of a new seal and standardization
1236:
Mutual withdrawal of federal, territorial, and county forces
889:
in northeastern Oregon; fourteen other tribal groups to the
439:
Britain had long-standing commercial interests through the
5387:
787:
693:
veteran, had heavily supported the candidacy of President
199:
1984:
1634:, was elected as a member of the People's Party in 1897.
3283:"The Eye 2 October 1886 â Washington Digital Newspapers"
4245:
University of Washington Libraries: Digital Collections
4169:, vol. 1, New York: American Historical Publishing
4137:
The Organic Machine: The Remaking of the Columbia River
911:, pictured here in 1862, was joined by Oregon governor
535:
413:
312:, entered the state from the east on October 10, 1805.
4023:
American Northwest: A History of Oregon and Washington
2945:
Vexler, Robert I.; Swindler, William F., eds. (1979).
2558:, a Native American activist who worked to revitalize
2154:
1775:
and help fight with his southern Democratic brethren.
1101:
tendencies were often at odds with the desires of the
732:) as commercial centres, at first attempting to rival
544:
The Oregon Territory, as originally organized, in 1848
474:, Great Britain and the United States established the
321:
was linked to more evenly distributed economic roles.
104:
The principal tribes of the coastal areas include the
4163:
Hawthorne, Julian; Brewerton, George Douglas (1893),
4114:
102.3 (2000): 539-560 doi.org/10.1111/0161-4681.00067
4059:
Contested Boundaries: A New Pacific Northwest History
3633:"When a railroad man came to the G. O. P. convention"
2554:
Another prominent leader of the fish-in movement was
2335:. This culminated in 1941 with the completion of the
2112:
4257:
Pacific Northwest Olympic Peninsula Community Museum
3981:
Washingtonians: A biographical portrait of the state
2719:
2304:
became the endpoint for two ultra-long flights from
628:, a farm and fur-trading post later operated by the
4313:
evolved Washington Territory into Washington State.
2133:, despite the protests of major lobbyists from the
1940:and organized by the Anti-Chinese Congress began a
663:
383:, of a more northerly site for their operations at
5785:History of the United States by state or territory
4343:Resources for Local History and Genealogy by State
4337:Local History & Genealogy Reference Services,
4162:
3854:White Grizzly Bear's Legacy: Learning to be Indian
3562:. "The Early Spokane Lumber Industry, 1871-1910,"
3492:. University of Oklahoma Press. pp. 341â342.
2141:. The backlash to Laughton was so severe that the
756:to the union in 1859, the eastern portions of the
640:and his Caucasian wife, Isabella James Bush, from
4236:, Online encyclopedia of Washington state history
3594:"Pacific Northwest Political Science Association"
2320:but redirected at the last minute to Vancouver's
1080:
524:and established the USâCanada border through the
277:, who was the lieutenant accompanying him on the
5771:
3355:
3343:The Washington historical quarterly, Volumes 1-2
1398:
1378:of recovering from an illness, left his home in
1026:and spilled out into larger battles such as the
4286:Secretary of State's Washington History website
4035:Ficken, Robert E., and Charles Pierce Lewarne.
3884:"Measure would expand domestic partnership law"
3458:. Government Printing Office. pp. 85â109.
2699:(WTO) in Seattle, sometimes referred to as the
486:; but agreed to joint control and occupancy of
4084:The Pacific Northwest: An Interpretive History
2944:
2607:
2539:passed into law a bill replacing Washington's
2531:posthumously awarded Billy Frank Jr. with the
1644:Washington Territory in the American Civil War
877:, to coerce not only the Cayuse, but also the
5373:
4365:
3649:Pieroth, Doris H. "The Woman Who Was Mayor."
3485:
3452:Clayton David Laurie; Ronald H. Cole (1997).
3024:Chief Seattle and the Town That Took His Name
1791:as a general. He was killed in action at the
807:
4333:, historical Spokane and Eastern Washington.
3165:. S. J. Clarke Publishing Company. pp.
2848:Columbia - the Magazine of Northwest History
2129:. The regulations vetoed by acting Governor
780:was reorganized as part of the newly formed
699:governorship of the new Washington Territory
4016:Columbia: The Magazine of Northwest History
3995:Columbia: The Magazine of Northwest History
3656:
3101:History of the Washington State Legislature
2086:was a major hub of mining activity and the
1924:In 1885 labor tensions led to a calculated
1731:Henry Pelham-Clinton, 5th Duke of Newcastle
1589:for all regardless of race, sex, or creed,
1043:and other northern tribes from British and
245:, sighted it in 1787. Barkley named it for
5380:
5366:
4372:
4358:
4195:Meany, Edmond S.; Condon, John T. (eds.),
4149:
3906:Washington: a Guide to the Evergreen State
2922:The Natural History of Puget Sound Country
2919:
2782:History of the west coast of North America
2626:
1638:Civil War and rise of the Republican Party
814:
800:
57:
4011:(WW Norton, 1976), short popular history.
4004:(Church Council of Greater Seattle, 1988)
3522:"States and Their Admission to the Union"
3447:
3445:
3401:
3036:
2896:"Washington State Native American Tribes"
2145:passed a bill to abolish the position of
1708:On December 28, 1861, during the ongoing
4057:Jepsen, David J., and David J. Norberg.
4000:Buerge, David M., and Junius Rochester.
3956:Walking Washington's History: Ten Cities
3881:
3047:
2596:
2208:
2163:
2116:
2109:became an established icon in the area.
2060:
2018:
1988:
1954:
1887:
1828:and the Republicans were in turn called
1752:
1683:
1061:
985:
962:
899:
667:
585:
539:
457:
323:
283:
178:
17:
4379:
4271:Washington State Localities Photographs
4194:
4150:Evans, Elwood; Meany, Edmond S (1893),
4039:(University of Washington Press, 1988).
3958:(University of Washington Press, 2016)
3947:(University of Washington Press, 2021)
3662:
2327:During the depression era, a series of
956:conflict would come to be known as the
716:in what would, as a result, become the
216:, part of a two-ship flotilla with the
200:Early European and American exploration
62:Archaeological evidence shows that the
5772:
4278:Washington State Pioneer Life Database
4076:(ABDO, 2010), for elementary schools
3938:History of Seattle § Bibliography
3866:
3591:
3442:
3395:
3152:
3093:
3091:
3089:
3087:
3085:
3083:
3081:
3079:
3021:
2976:. City of Tumwater, WA. Archived from
2807:Timeline of Washington (state) history
2787:History of Latinos in Washington State
2382:. One of the atomic bombs (nicknamed '
1985:Statehood and moderate era (1889â1895)
1877:
1618:, with whom many members were shared.
1055:in British Columbia in 1858 using the
893:in southern Washington State; and the
772:), and a small portion of present-day
609:their tribal lands, and placed on the
455:in present-day Vancouver, Washington.
227:In 1778, the British explorer Captain
5361:
4649:Archaeology and Historic Preservation
4353:
4119:Hastings Constitutional Law Quarterly
3882:La Corte, Rachel (January 21, 2008).
3822:
3797:
3479:
3229:
3227:
3178:
3176:
3158:
3130:
3128:
3116:
3114:
3077:
3075:
3073:
3071:
3069:
3067:
3065:
3063:
3061:
3059:
2949:. New York: Oceana Publications, Inc.
2838:
2777:Historic regions of the United States
2398:, also designed in Washington State.
1807:. This in part began after President
1185:Siege of the Pierce County Courthouse
1151:Stevens famously declared martial law
1109:governments. In addition, as both an
990:Depiction of the First Charge at the
795:
768:west of the continental divide (then
371:to build a fort there. Subsequently,
341:Lewis and Clark on the Lower Columbia
4298:Washington Historical Map Collection
3630:
3373:
2999:"Stevens, Isaac Ingalls (1818-1862)"
2974:"Articles on George Washington Bush"
2339:, the largest in the United States.
1936:In 1886 rioters associated with the
1051:in 1856â1857). Miners bound for the
536:Part of Oregon Territory (1846â1853)
414:AmericanâBritish occupation disputes
262:in 1791 and then by British Captain
3689:Women in Pacific Northwest History.
3382:
3097:
2802:Territorial evolution of Washington
2676:'s election. The state's system of
2296:
1900:Due to increasing amounts of cheap
1884:Anti-Chinese violence in Washington
1728:Secretary of State for the Colonies
1700:of Washington Territory during the
931:generally avoided some of the more
752:Upon the admission of the State of
308:, under the direction of President
13:
4188:
4181:History of the State of Washington
4009:Washington, a bicentennial history
3967:Women in Pacific Northwest History
3931:
3651:Women in Pacific Northwest History
3224:
3173:
3125:
3111:
3056:
2961:Women in Pacific Northwest History
2883:Women in Pacific Northwest History
2410:became a center of the burgeoning
2265:
2149:entirely, though it failed in the
2113:The Populist explosion (1895â1904)
1225:Attempted arrest of Chief Justice
656:, wandered north to settle in the
630:Puget's Sound Agricultural Company
578:Indians. Explanations of the 1847
208:. One year later, Spanish Captain
174:
14:
5796:
4319:John M. Canse Pamphlet Collection
4227:
3943:Bentley, Judy, and Craig Romano.
3856:. University of Washington Press.
3851:
3832:Race, Poverty and the Environment
3519:
3374:Paul, Taylor (1 September 1862).
3022:Buerge, David (17 October 2017).
2614:1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens
2602:1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens
2289:Airfield was the endpoint of the
2045:veteran took office as the first
1671:intervention on the Pacific coast
1256:Washington Territorial Volunteers
728:(founded in 1858, later becoming
602:Provisional Legislature of Oregon
600:against the Natives, wherein the
128:. The Plateau tribes include the
5339:
5325:
4305:Washington Historical Newspapers
4143:
4037:Washington: A centennial history
3408:The Western Historical Quarterly
3050:The Yakima Indian War: 1855-1856
2766:Historical outline of Washington
2750:
2736:
2722:
2508:. Among these activists was the
2461:
2450:
2441:
2077:
1273:
1261:
1251:
915:in calling for the dismissal of
664:Washington Territory (1853â1889)
451:. These were headquartered from
4310:Washington Territorial Timeline
4251:Albert Henry Barnes Photographs
4221:Washington Historical Quarterly
4100:(U of Washington Press, 2015)
3894:
3875:
3860:
3845:
3816:
3791:
3766:
3742:
3718:
3694:
3681:
3643:
3624:
3585:
3571:
3553:
3544:
3513:
3367:
3349:
3334:
3323:
3311:washingtondigitalnewspapers.org
3299:
3287:washingtondigitalnewspapers.org
3275:
3263:washingtondigitalnewspapers.org
3251:
3239:washingtondigitalnewspapers.org
3212:washingtondigitalnewspapers.org
3200:
3188:washingtondigitalnewspapers.org
3048:Bischoff, William (June 1950).
3041:
3030:
3015:
2342:
1035:Stevens. In addition, raids by
636:, along with the black pioneer
220:, landed near the mouth of the
34:includes thousands of years of
5099:Greater Portland and Vancouver
4291:Classics in Washington History
3750:"Frank, Billy Jr. (1931-2014)"
3568:, Vol. 12, No. 1, Spring 1968.
2991:
2966:
2953:
2938:
2920:Kruckeberg, Arthur R. (1991).
2913:
2888:
2875:
2866:
2832:
1758:Death of General Isaac Stevens
1555:, opposing the corruption and
1267:Pierce County Sheriff's Office
1081:Stevens era political struggle
1:
5780:History of Washington (state)
5332:Washington (state) portal
4264:Prosch Washington Views Album
3804:Northwest Public Broadcasting
3631:Wood, James (14 March 1943).
3402:Schwantes, Carlos A. (1982).
2898:. TribalQuest. Archived from
2826:
2533:Presidential Medal of Freedom
2471:The Gang of Four, clockwise:
2291:first aerial circumnavigation
2258:, a Railroad Commission, and
1892:An artist's rendition of the
1399:The Washington People's Party
1070:
788:The "Indian Wars" (1855â1858)
348:
46:following the efforts at the
5389:History of the United States
5346:Pacific Northwest portal
5089:Tri-Cities metropolitan area
4784:Utilities and Transportation
4739:Public Disclosure Commission
4260:reports and other documents.
4184:, New York: Macmillan, 1909.
3663:Crowley, Walt (1998-11-22).
2047:governor of Washington State
2028:governor of Washington State
1858:, offering a Democrat named
1085:Throughout the existence of
7:
5094:Wenatchee metropolitan area
4774:Student Achievement Council
4734:Institute for Public Policy
4082:Schwantes, Carlos Arnaldo.
3945:Hiking Washington's history
3598:Western Political Quarterly
3528:. About.com. Archived from
2715:
2667:
2608:Eruption of Mount St Helens
2586:, and local politician and
2401:
2371:In eastern Washington, the
2034:Narrowly winning election,
1926:Anti-Chinese riot in Tacoma
1408:People's Party (Washington)
970:as he appeared in the 1850s
887:Umatilla Indian Reservation
710:David Swinson "Doc" Maynard
611:Umatilla Indian Reservation
10:
5801:
4764:Social and Health Services
3935:
3888:Seattle Post-Intelligencer
3610:10.1177/106591296802100333
3592:Condon, George A. (1968).
3526:About.com American History
3341:State Historical Society,
2763:
2631:
2611:
1881:
1721:Colony of British Columbia
1641:
1595:abolition of convict labor
939:A treaty was presented to
738:Colony of Vancouver Island
718:Colony of British Columbia
675:
547:
478:as the border west to the
417:
306:Lewis and Clark Expedition
290:Lewis and Clark expedition
5709:
5671:
5657:
5396:
5319:
5111:
5069:
4936:
4925:
4895:
4848:
4805:
4796:
4714:Liquor and Cannabis Board
4634:
4616:Congressional delegations
4566:
4559:
4493:
4403:
4391:
4046:(Sasquatch Books, 1999).
3798:Banse, Tom (2021-04-15).
2839:Weber, Dennis P. (2003).
2135:Northern Pacific Railroad
2000:After the passage of the
1681:that never materialized.
1438:
1422:
1414:
1405:
1330:
1325:
1313:Sheriff of Pierce County
1294:
1289:
1245:
1240:
1232:
1221:
1205:
1197:
1189:
1184:
891:Yakama Indian Reservation
837:
596:This event triggered the
359:extensively explored the
5691:Northern Mariana Islands
4744:Public Stadium Authority
4428:Census-designated places
3902:Federal Writers' Project
3702:"Luke, Wing (1925-1965)"
2697:World Trade Organization
2551:with a statue of Billy.
2274:
2004:, Washington became the
1771:would go on to join the
1599:abolition of child labor
1387:Sheriff of Pierce County
949:Treaty of Medicine Creek
613:in northeastern Oregon.
4621:Congressional districts
4112:Teachers College Record
3924:– via Hathi Trust
3871:. Chin Music Press Inc.
2627:Contemporary Washington
1942:violent riot in Seattle
1867:Conservative Republican
1053:Fraser Canyon Gold Rush
774:Ravalli County, Montana
503:Oregon boundary dispute
420:Oregon boundary dispute
237:Charles William Barkley
58:Prehistory and cultures
4759:Services for the Blind
4684:Financial Institutions
4325:Warren Wood Collection
3904:(1941), "Chronology",
3486:Richard White (1991).
3356:James Robbins Jewell.
3159:Floyd, Kaylor (1917).
2604:
2570:", a group of radical
2529:President Barack Obama
2426:to hold office in the
2223:
2180:
2122:
2070:
2031:
1997:
1964:
1897:
1764:
1745:, and the line of the
1705:
1318:Lt. Col. Silas Casey
1211:Steilacoom, Washington
1168:
1129:great transition. The
1077:
1067:Governor Isaac Stevens
1018:of 1855â1858, and the
995:
971:
920:
673:
638:George Washington Bush
593:
545:
463:
352:
293:
249:. The Spanish-British
196:
27:
4596:Legislative districts
4219:. Reprinted from the
4139:(Hill and Wang, 1996)
4132:88.3 (2014): 388â406.
3976:(1992) 31#2 pp 33â40.
3936:Further information:
3910:American Guide Series
3579:"Seattle Daily Times"
2695:Protests against the
2600:
2582:teacher and activist
2422:, becoming the first
2412:Civil Rights movement
2212:
2167:
2120:
2064:
2022:
1992:
1958:
1894:Rock Springs massacre
1891:
1756:
1696:, who pushed for the
1687:
1363:writ of habeas corpus
1155:
1091:Isaac Ingalls Stevens
1065:
992:Battle of Walla Walla
989:
966:
903:
760:, including southern
687:Isaac Ingalls Stevens
671:
589:
543:
470:, following from the
461:
345:Charles Marion Russel
327:
287:
182:
48:Monticello Convention
32:history of Washington
21:
4820:Long Beach Peninsula
4704:Labor and Industries
4699:Information Services
4130:Agricultural History
4121:15 (1987): 451â478.
3979:Brewster, David ed.
3965:Blair, Karen J. ed.
3912:, Portland, Oregon:
3867:Santos, Bob (2015).
2812:Washington Territory
2758:United States portal
2744:North America portal
2707:Initiative activist
2420:Seattle City Council
2280:Bertha Knight Landes
2002:Enabling Act of 1889
1835:abolition of slavery
1798:Saint Andrew's Cross
1773:Confederate Congress
1469:Classical liberalism
1309:Francis A. Chenoweth
1303:Lt. Silas B. Curtis
1227:Francis A. Chenoweth
1087:Washington Territory
1005:Battle of Four Lakes
691:Mexican-American War
683:Washington Territory
678:Washington Territory
622:Hudson's Bay Company
591:The Whitman Massacre
441:Hudson's Bay Company
279:Vancouver Expedition
44:Washington Territory
5701:U.S. Virgin Islands
4679:Enterprise Services
4674:Employment Security
4485:Tourist attractions
4438:Indian reservations
3974:Journal of the West
3914:Binfords & Mort
3823:Whitebear, Bernie.
3754:www.historylink.org
3706:www.historylink.org
3637:Seattle Daily Times
3392:(Vol. 3, pp. 1063).
3140:www.historylink.org
3003:www.historylink.org
2821:Timeline of Seattle
2701:"Battle of Seattle"
2588:Black Panther Party
2537:Governor Jay Inslee
2418:was elected to the
2285:In 1924, Seattle's
2260:municipal ownership
2147:Lieutenant Governor
1878:Anti-Asian violence
1830:Radical Republicans
1793:Battle of Chantilly
875:Walla Walla Council
778:117th meridian west
381:Pacific Fur Company
210:Don Bruna de Heceta
4862:Central Washington
4749:Retirement Systems
4331:Spokane Historical
4178:Meany, Edmond S.
3532:on 18 October 2011
2817:History of Seattle
2682:Christine Gregoire
2605:
2406:During the 1960s,
2329:hydroelectric dams
2237:busting monopolies
2224:
2185:Silver Republicans
2181:
2123:
2071:
2032:
1998:
1994:Flag of Washington
1965:
1898:
1817:Selucius Garfielde
1813:William H. Wallace
1765:
1760:, a lithograph by
1706:
1663:Justus Steinberger
1632:John Rankin Rogers
1583:safety regulations
1579:busting monopolies
1531:anti-establishment
1369:and sending out a
1279:United States Army
1172:Hudson Bay Company
1078:
1014:of 1855â1856, the
996:
972:
921:
829:Washington (state)
770:Nebraska Territory
674:
606:United States Army
594:
560:Walla Walla Valley
546:
480:Continental Divide
464:
447:in what it called
369:North West Company
355:Canadian explorer
353:
329:Corps of Discovery
294:
260:Francisco de Eliza
251:Nootka Conventions
197:
99:The Dalles, Oregon
28:
5767:
5766:
5355:
5354:
5107:
5106:
4921:
4920:
4825:Olympic Peninsula
4792:
4791:
4724:Natural Resources
4689:Fish and Wildlife
4067:978-1-11906-554-8
4052:978-1-57061-215-2
4021:Dodds, Gordon B.
4007:Clark, Norman H.
3922:2027/uc1.b3624995
3560:Kensel, W. Hudson
3499:978-0-8061-2567-1
3465:978-0-16-088268-5
2772:Columbia District
2678:blanket primaries
2428:Pacific Northwest
1872:National Congress
1852:William Pickering
1694:Sir James Douglas
1628:Farmer's Alliance
1546:Bourbon Democrats
1514:
1513:
1367:contempt of court
1359:Francis Chenoweth
1355:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1285:
1284:
1045:Russian territory
1028:Battle of Seattle
1024:Cascade Mountains
870:
869:
862:Coeur d'Alene War
826:and conflicts of
449:Columbia District
434:Adams-OnĂs Treaty
239:, captain of the
78:which carved the
72:Olympic Peninsula
64:Pacific Northwest
5792:
5711:Outlying islands
5665:Washington, D.C.
5659:Federal district
5382:
5375:
5368:
5359:
5358:
5344:
5343:
5342:
5330:
5329:
5328:
4934:
4933:
4877:Okanogan Country
4867:Columbia Plateau
4835:San Juan Islands
4815:Kitsap Peninsula
4803:
4802:
4626:City governments
4564:
4563:
4374:
4367:
4360:
4351:
4350:
4346:
4218:
4217:
4216:
4210:
4204:, archived from
4203:
4170:
4158:
4135:White, Richard.
4096:Sell, Terry M .
3926:
3925:
3898:
3892:
3891:
3879:
3873:
3872:
3864:
3858:
3857:
3849:
3843:
3842:
3840:
3834:. Archived from
3829:
3820:
3814:
3813:
3811:
3810:
3795:
3789:
3788:
3786:
3785:
3770:
3764:
3763:
3761:
3760:
3746:
3740:
3739:
3737:
3736:
3730:Wing Luke Museum
3722:
3716:
3715:
3713:
3712:
3698:
3692:
3685:
3679:
3678:
3676:
3675:
3660:
3654:
3647:
3641:
3640:
3628:
3622:
3621:
3589:
3583:
3582:
3575:
3569:
3565:Idaho Yesterdays
3557:
3551:
3548:
3542:
3541:
3539:
3537:
3517:
3511:
3510:
3508:
3506:
3483:
3477:
3476:
3474:
3472:
3449:
3440:
3439:
3399:
3393:
3386:
3380:
3379:
3371:
3365:
3364:
3362:
3353:
3347:
3338:
3332:
3327:
3321:
3320:
3318:
3317:
3303:
3297:
3296:
3294:
3293:
3279:
3273:
3272:
3270:
3269:
3255:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3245:
3231:
3222:
3221:
3219:
3218:
3204:
3198:
3197:
3195:
3194:
3180:
3171:
3170:
3156:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3146:
3132:
3123:
3122:
3118:
3109:
3108:
3106:
3095:
3054:
3053:
3045:
3039:
3038:
3034:
3028:
3027:
3019:
3013:
3012:
3010:
3009:
2995:
2989:
2988:
2986:
2985:
2970:
2964:
2957:
2951:
2950:
2942:
2936:
2935:
2917:
2911:
2910:
2908:
2907:
2892:
2886:
2879:
2873:
2870:
2864:
2863:
2861:
2859:
2845:
2836:
2797:Oregon Territory
2760:
2755:
2754:
2753:
2746:
2741:
2740:
2739:
2732:
2727:
2726:
2725:
2620:Mount St. Helens
2556:Bernie Whitebear
2525:US Supreme Court
2473:Bernie Whitebear
2465:
2454:
2445:
2432:Wing Luke Museum
2337:Grand Coulee Dam
2322:Pearson Airfield
2318:Portland, Oregon
2297:Great Depression
2177:Washington State
2067:Grand Coulee Dam
2010:women's suffrage
1978:Grover Cleveland
1959:A photograph of
1946:Watson C. Squire
1938:Knights of Labor
1915:mass deportation
1843:death of Lincoln
1805:Republican Party
1769:Fayette McMullen
1690:British Columbia
1616:Knights of Labor
1591:women's suffrage
1497:Women's suffrage
1477:1880s and after:
1456:Bourbon Democrat
1433:Republican Party
1428:Democratic Party
1403:
1402:
1395:to the Natives.
1332:
1331:
1277:
1265:
1255:
1247:
1246:
1182:
1181:
1075:
1074: 1855â1862
1072:
929:Governor Stevens
842:Whitman massacre
832:
830:
816:
809:
802:
793:
792:
758:Oregon Territory
714:Fraser Gold Rush
580:Whitman massacre
568:Narcissa Whitman
556:Oregon Territory
550:Oregon Territory
526:San Juan Islands
511:CanadaâUS border
430:manifest destiny
350:
339:, October 1805 (
314:Meriwether Lewis
310:Thomas Jefferson
264:George Vancouver
185:George Vancouver
68:human habitation
40:Oregon Territory
5800:
5799:
5795:
5794:
5793:
5791:
5790:
5789:
5770:
5769:
5768:
5763:
5705:
5667:
5653:
5392:
5386:
5356:
5351:
5340:
5338:
5326:
5324:
5315:
5103:
5084:Greater Spokane
5079:Greater Seattle
5071:
5065:
4928:
4917:
4891:
4844:
4788:
4630:
4611:Ballot measures
4555:
4489:
4399:
4387:
4378:
4234:Historylink.org
4230:
4214:
4212:
4208:
4201:
4191:
4189:Primary sources
4146:
4086:(2nd ed. 1996)
4072:Murray, Julie.
3954:Bentley, Judy.
3940:
3934:
3932:Further reading
3929:
3899:
3895:
3880:
3876:
3865:
3861:
3852:Reyes, Lawney.
3850:
3846:
3838:
3827:
3821:
3817:
3808:
3806:
3796:
3792:
3783:
3781:
3772:
3771:
3767:
3758:
3756:
3748:
3747:
3743:
3734:
3732:
3724:
3723:
3719:
3710:
3708:
3700:
3699:
3695:
3686:
3682:
3673:
3671:
3669:HistoryLink.org
3661:
3657:
3648:
3644:
3629:
3625:
3590:
3586:
3577:
3576:
3572:
3558:
3554:
3549:
3545:
3535:
3533:
3520:Kelly, Martin.
3518:
3514:
3504:
3502:
3500:
3484:
3480:
3470:
3468:
3466:
3450:
3443:
3400:
3396:
3387:
3383:
3372:
3368:
3363:. pp. 5â6.
3360:
3354:
3350:
3339:
3335:
3328:
3324:
3315:
3313:
3305:
3304:
3300:
3291:
3289:
3281:
3280:
3276:
3267:
3265:
3257:
3256:
3252:
3243:
3241:
3233:
3232:
3225:
3216:
3214:
3206:
3205:
3201:
3192:
3190:
3182:
3181:
3174:
3157:
3153:
3144:
3142:
3134:
3133:
3126:
3120:
3119:
3112:
3104:
3096:
3057:
3046:
3042:
3035:
3031:
3020:
3016:
3007:
3005:
2997:
2996:
2992:
2983:
2981:
2972:
2971:
2967:
2958:
2954:
2943:
2939:
2932:
2918:
2914:
2905:
2903:
2894:
2893:
2889:
2880:
2876:
2871:
2867:
2857:
2855:
2843:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2768:
2756:
2751:
2749:
2742:
2737:
2735:
2728:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2674:John F. Kennedy
2670:
2634:
2629:
2616:
2610:
2572:minority rights
2517:Billy Frank Jr.
2495:Native American
2491:
2490:
2489:
2488:
2477:Roberto Maestas
2468:
2467:
2466:
2457:
2456:
2455:
2447:
2446:
2404:
2392:Nagasaki, Japan
2345:
2299:
2277:
2268:
2266:Progressive era
2244:direct election
2204:female suffrage
2115:
2080:
2024:Elisha P. Ferry
1987:
1917:of established
1886:
1880:
1809:Abraham Lincoln
1646:
1640:
1526:Dr. W.A. Newell
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1493:Anti-capitalism
1491:
1485:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1461:Anti-corruption
1459:
1453:
1447:
1445:Prior to 1880s:
1430:
1423:Split from
1410:
1409:
1401:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1321:
1320:
1315:
1305:
1281:
1269:
1257:
1217:
1177:Fort Steilacoom
1143:progressiveness
1115:anti-federalist
1083:
1073:
1012:Puget Sound War
958:Puget Sound War
885:tribes, to the
871:
866:
857:Puget Sound War
833:
828:
822:
820:
790:
782:Idaho Territory
747:Pig War of 1859
743:San Juan Island
695:Franklin Pierce
680:
666:
634:Michael Simmons
552:
538:
484:Rocky Mountains
426:
418:Main articles:
416:
408:Fort Nez Percés
396:Cowlitz Prairie
373:Fort Nez Perces
202:
177:
175:European Colony
60:
36:Native American
12:
11:
5:
5798:
5788:
5787:
5782:
5765:
5764:
5762:
5761:
5756:
5751:
5749:Navassa Island
5746:
5741:
5736:
5734:Johnston Atoll
5731:
5726:
5724:Howland Island
5721:
5715:
5713:
5707:
5706:
5704:
5703:
5698:
5693:
5688:
5683:
5681:American Samoa
5677:
5675:
5669:
5668:
5663:
5661:
5655:
5654:
5652:
5651:
5646:
5641:
5636:
5631:
5626:
5621:
5616:
5611:
5606:
5601:
5599:South Carolina
5596:
5591:
5586:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5566:
5564:North Carolina
5561:
5556:
5551:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5526:
5521:
5516:
5511:
5506:
5501:
5496:
5491:
5486:
5481:
5476:
5471:
5466:
5461:
5456:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5400:
5398:
5394:
5393:
5385:
5384:
5377:
5370:
5362:
5353:
5352:
5350:
5349:
5335:
5320:
5317:
5316:
5314:
5313:
5308:
5303:
5298:
5293:
5288:
5283:
5278:
5273:
5268:
5263:
5258:
5253:
5248:
5243:
5238:
5233:
5228:
5223:
5218:
5213:
5208:
5203:
5198:
5193:
5188:
5183:
5178:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5153:
5148:
5143:
5138:
5133:
5128:
5123:
5117:
5115:
5109:
5108:
5105:
5104:
5102:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5075:
5073:
5067:
5066:
5064:
5063:
5058:
5053:
5048:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5013:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4981:Spokane Valley
4978:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4937:
4931:
4923:
4922:
4919:
4918:
4916:
4915:
4913:Columbia River
4910:
4908:Columbia Gorge
4905:
4899:
4897:
4893:
4892:
4890:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4858:
4856:
4846:
4845:
4843:
4842:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4811:
4809:
4800:
4794:
4793:
4790:
4789:
4787:
4786:
4781:
4779:Transportation
4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4664:Early Learning
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4640:
4638:
4636:State agencies
4632:
4631:
4629:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4572:
4570:
4561:
4557:
4556:
4554:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4497:
4495:
4491:
4490:
4488:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4441:
4440:
4430:
4425:
4423:Municipalities
4420:
4418:Climate change
4415:
4409:
4407:
4401:
4400:
4392:
4389:
4388:
4377:
4376:
4369:
4362:
4354:
4348:
4347:
4334:
4328:
4322:
4316:
4315:
4314:
4307:
4302:
4295:
4283:
4282:
4281:
4275:
4268:
4261:
4254:
4242:
4237:
4229:
4228:External links
4226:
4225:
4224:
4190:
4187:
4186:
4185:
4176:
4160:
4145:
4142:
4141:
4140:
4133:
4126:
4115:
4108:
4094:
4092:978-0803292284
4080:
4070:
4061:(Wiley, 2017)
4055:
4042:Hayes, Derek.
4040:
4033:
4031:978-0882732381
4019:
4012:
4005:
3998:
3991:
3989:978-0912365183
3977:
3970:
3969:(2nd ed. 2001)
3963:
3952:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3927:
3893:
3874:
3859:
3844:
3841:on 2009-01-09.
3815:
3790:
3778:whitehouse.gov
3765:
3741:
3717:
3693:
3680:
3655:
3642:
3623:
3604:(3): 541â542.
3584:
3581:. 27 Feb 1936.
3570:
3552:
3543:
3512:
3498:
3478:
3464:
3441:
3420:10.2307/968690
3414:(4): 373â390.
3394:
3381:
3366:
3348:
3333:
3322:
3298:
3274:
3250:
3223:
3199:
3172:
3151:
3124:
3110:
3098:Brazien, Don.
3055:
3040:
3029:
3014:
2990:
2965:
2952:
2937:
2930:
2912:
2887:
2874:
2865:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2824:
2823:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2792:Oregon Country
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2764:Main article:
2762:
2761:
2747:
2733:
2730:History portal
2717:
2714:
2690:Maria Cantwell
2669:
2666:
2654:The Bon Marché
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2612:Main article:
2609:
2606:
2584:Robert Maestas
2560:Native culture
2545:Marcus Whitman
2535:, and in 2021
2521:Boldt Decision
2498:fishing rights
2470:
2469:
2460:
2459:
2458:
2449:
2448:
2440:
2439:
2438:
2437:
2436:
2424:Asian American
2403:
2400:
2344:
2341:
2314:Tupolev ANT-25
2310:Valery Chkalov
2298:
2295:
2293:of the world.
2276:
2273:
2267:
2264:
2262:of utilities.
2200:land value tax
2169:John R. Rogers
2155:People's Party
2114:
2111:
2107:Boeing Company
2079:
2076:
2051:National Guard
2039:Elisha P Ferry
1986:
1983:
1919:Asian American
1882:Main article:
1879:
1876:
1856:reconstruction
1848:Andrew Johnson
1777:Richard Golson
1762:Alonzo Chappel
1747:Columbia River
1642:Main article:
1639:
1636:
1623:People's Party
1607:anti-foreigner
1512:
1511:
1442:
1436:
1435:
1424:
1420:
1419:
1416:
1412:
1411:
1407:
1406:
1400:
1397:
1380:Whidbey Island
1353:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1328:
1327:
1323:
1322:
1316:
1306:
1296:
1295:
1292:
1291:
1287:
1286:
1283:
1282:
1272:
1270:
1260:
1258:
1250:
1243:
1242:
1238:
1237:
1234:
1230:
1229:
1223:
1219:
1218:
1209:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1199:
1195:
1194:
1187:
1186:
1082:
1079:
1057:Okanagan Trail
868:
867:
865:
864:
859:
854:
849:
844:
838:
835:
834:
819:
818:
811:
804:
796:
789:
786:
764:, portions of
724:(in 1851) and
676:Main article:
665:
662:
626:Fort Nisqually
564:Marcus Whitman
548:Main article:
537:
534:
488:Oregon Country
468:Treaty of 1818
453:Fort Vancouver
445:Columbia River
424:Pig War (1859)
415:
412:
400:Fort Vancouver
361:Columbia River
357:David Thompson
337:Lower Columbia
302:Columbia River
273:, in honor of
268:Tacoma Narrows
256:Manuel Quimper
242:Imperial Eagle
222:Quinault River
201:
198:
191:and named the
189:British Empire
176:
173:
80:Columbia Gorge
76:Columbia River
59:
56:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5797:
5786:
5783:
5781:
5778:
5777:
5775:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5754:Palmyra Atoll
5752:
5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5729:Jarvis Island
5727:
5725:
5722:
5720:
5717:
5716:
5714:
5712:
5708:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5679:
5678:
5676:
5674:
5670:
5666:
5662:
5660:
5656:
5650:
5647:
5645:
5642:
5640:
5639:West Virginia
5637:
5635:
5632:
5630:
5627:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5590:
5587:
5585:
5582:
5580:
5577:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5545:
5544:New Hampshire
5542:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5505:
5504:Massachusetts
5502:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5487:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5401:
5399:
5395:
5390:
5383:
5378:
5376:
5371:
5369:
5364:
5363:
5360:
5348:
5347:
5336:
5334:
5333:
5322:
5321:
5318:
5312:
5309:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5299:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5289:
5287:
5284:
5282:
5279:
5277:
5274:
5272:
5269:
5267:
5264:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5212:
5209:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5199:
5197:
5194:
5192:
5189:
5187:
5184:
5182:
5179:
5177:
5174:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5122:
5119:
5118:
5116:
5114:
5110:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5076:
5074:
5068:
5062:
5059:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4938:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4924:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4903:Cascade Range
4901:
4900:
4898:
4894:
4888:
4887:Yakima Valley
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4872:Methow Valley
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4859:
4857:
4855:
4851:
4847:
4841:
4840:Skagit Valley
4838:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4812:
4810:
4808:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4795:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
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4211:on 2015-01-13
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4147:
4144:Older studies
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4106:9780295996257
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2994:
2980:on 2007-07-14
2979:
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2969:
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2948:
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2933:
2931:0-295-97477-X
2927:
2923:
2916:
2902:on 2003-03-05
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2526:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2513:environmental
2511:
2507:
2503:
2499:
2496:
2486:
2485:Larry Gossett
2482:
2478:
2474:
2464:
2453:
2444:
2435:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2399:
2397:
2393:
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2385:
2381:
2377:
2376:nuclear power
2374:
2373:Hanford Works
2369:
2366:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2351:and ports in
2350:
2349:heavy bombers
2340:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2325:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2312:in 1937 on a
2311:
2307:
2303:
2294:
2292:
2288:
2283:
2281:
2272:
2263:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2246:of Senators,
2245:
2240:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2229:Henry McBride
2221:
2220:Henry McBride
2218:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2205:
2201:
2198:
2192:
2190:
2186:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2160:
2157:member named
2156:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2119:
2110:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2092:Cascade Range
2089:
2088:Yakima Valley
2085:
2078:Early economy
2075:
2068:
2063:
2059:
2057:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2037:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1995:
1991:
1982:
1979:
1973:
1971:
1962:
1957:
1953:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1934:
1930:
1927:
1922:
1921:communities.
1920:
1916:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1875:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1849:
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1838:
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1831:
1827:
1821:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1801:
1799:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1785:Isaac Stevens
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1729:
1725:
1724:James Douglas
1722:
1718:
1714:
1712:
1703:
1699:
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1676:
1672:
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1629:
1624:
1619:
1617:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1581:, increasing
1580:
1576:
1573:
1569:
1564:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1553:Conservatives
1551:
1547:
1542:
1538:
1536:
1532:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1501:Progressivism
1498:
1494:
1490:
1489:
1484:
1483:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1457:
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1334:
1333:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1311:
1310:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1299:Isaac Stevens
1293:
1288:
1280:
1276:
1271:
1268:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1248:
1244:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1215:United States
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1173:
1167:
1165:
1160:
1159:Pierce county
1154:
1152:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1099:authoritarian
1096:
1092:
1088:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1008:
1006:
1002:
993:
988:
984:
980:
977:
969:
965:
961:
959:
953:
950:
946:
942:
937:
934:
930:
926:
918:
914:
910:
909:Isaac Stevens
906:
902:
898:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
839:
836:
831:
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817:
812:
810:
805:
803:
798:
797:
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783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
750:
748:
744:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
722:Port Townsend
719:
715:
711:
707:
702:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
679:
670:
661:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
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635:
631:
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623:
619:
614:
612:
607:
603:
599:
592:
588:
584:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
554:In 1848, the
551:
542:
533:
531:
527:
523:
518:
516:
515:Oregon Treaty
512:
508:
507:49th parallel
504:
500:
496:
491:
489:
485:
481:
477:
476:49th parallel
473:
469:
460:
456:
454:
450:
446:
442:
437:
435:
431:
425:
421:
411:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
388:
386:
385:Fort Okanogan
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
319:
318:William Clark
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
291:
286:
282:
280:
276:
272:
271:Puget's Sound
269:
265:
261:
257:
252:
248:
244:
243:
238:
234:
233:Cape Flattery
230:
225:
223:
219:
215:
212:on board the
211:
207:
194:
190:
186:
181:
172:
170:
166:
161:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
102:
100:
96:
92:
88:
83:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
55:
53:
52:United States
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
25:
22:Washington's
20:
16:
5744:Midway Atoll
5739:Kingman Reef
5719:Baker Island
5696:Puerto Rico
5633:
5604:South Dakota
5594:Rhode Island
5589:Pennsylvania
5569:North Dakota
5337:
5323:
5246:Pend Oreille
5186:Grays Harbor
5070:Metropolitan
4769:State Patrol
4581:Constitution
4541:Homelessness
4521:Demographics
4454:
4393:
4342:
4339:"Washington"
4223:, 1918â1919.
4220:
4213:, retrieved
4206:the original
4197:
4180:
4165:
4152:
4136:
4129:
4118:
4111:
4097:
4083:
4073:
4058:
4043:
4036:
4022:
4015:
4008:
4001:
3994:
3980:
3973:
3966:
3955:
3944:
3905:
3896:
3887:
3877:
3868:
3862:
3853:
3847:
3836:the original
3831:
3818:
3807:. Retrieved
3803:
3793:
3782:. Retrieved
3780:. 2015-11-16
3777:
3768:
3757:. Retrieved
3753:
3744:
3733:. Retrieved
3729:
3720:
3709:. Retrieved
3705:
3696:
3688:
3683:
3672:. Retrieved
3658:
3650:
3645:
3636:
3626:
3601:
3597:
3587:
3573:
3563:
3555:
3546:
3534:. Retrieved
3530:the original
3525:
3515:
3503:. Retrieved
3488:
3481:
3469:. Retrieved
3454:
3411:
3407:
3397:
3389:
3384:
3375:
3369:
3351:
3342:
3336:
3325:
3314:. Retrieved
3310:
3301:
3290:. Retrieved
3286:
3277:
3266:. Retrieved
3262:
3253:
3242:. Retrieved
3238:
3215:. Retrieved
3211:
3202:
3191:. Retrieved
3187:
3161:
3154:
3143:. Retrieved
3139:
3100:
3049:
3043:
3032:
3023:
3017:
3006:. Retrieved
3002:
2993:
2982:. Retrieved
2978:the original
2968:
2960:
2955:
2946:
2940:
2921:
2915:
2904:. Retrieved
2900:the original
2890:
2882:
2877:
2868:
2856:. Retrieved
2851:
2847:
2834:
2705:
2694:
2686:Patty Murray
2671:
2635:
2617:
2592:Larry Gosset
2568:Gang of Four
2553:
2492:
2405:
2396:Boeing B-29s
2380:atomic bombs
2370:
2346:
2343:World War II
2326:
2300:
2284:
2278:
2269:
2241:
2225:
2193:
2182:
2124:
2081:
2072:
2033:
2026:, the first
1999:
1974:
1966:
1935:
1931:
1923:
1899:
1864:
1839:
1822:
1802:
1766:
1757:
1710:
1707:
1702:US Civil War
1688:Governor of
1659:
1647:
1620:
1565:
1543:
1539:
1515:
1486:
1480:
1476:
1473:Conservatism
1454:
1448:
1444:
1418:Approx. 1865
1384:
1356:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1290:Lead figures
1201:May 24, 1856
1190:Part of the
1169:
1156:
1147:
1123:
1111:anti-slavery
1084:
1009:
997:
981:
976:Chief Leschi
973:
968:Chief Leschi
954:
941:Chief Leschi
938:
927:them. While
922:
913:George Curry
872:
751:
703:
681:
654:Oregon trail
615:
595:
553:
530:Gulf Islands
519:
495:Oregon trail
492:
465:
438:
427:
389:
354:
340:
295:
258:in 1790 and
247:Juan de Fuca
240:
226:
217:
213:
203:
162:
103:
84:
61:
31:
29:
15:
5759:Wake Island
5673:Territories
5519:Mississippi
5434:Connecticut
5296:Walla Walla
4986:Federal Way
4830:Puget Sound
4659:Corrections
4644:Agriculture
4591:Legislature
4546:LGBT rights
4450:Earthquakes
4301:collection.
2858:9 September
2564:Fort Lawton
2414:. In 1962,
2333:electricity
2233:progressive
2189:John Rogers
2159:John Rogers
2139:John McGraw
2127:Republicans
2014:prohibition
1970:John McGraw
1961:John McGraw
1950:martial law
1906:progressive
1860:George Cole
1826:Copperheads
1743:Puget Sound
1667:Confederacy
1655:Confederacy
1603:nationalist
1518:Republicans
1505:Nationalism
1465:Half Breeds
1392:Ezra Meeker
1233:Resulted in
1164:Martial Law
1135:Republicans
1126:kleptocrats
1103:territorial
1089:, Governor
1049:Port Gamble
1032:John E Wool
1020:Spokane War
879:Walla Walla
824:Indian wars
745:during the
658:Puget Sound
618:Puget Sound
501:led to the
499:fur traders
472:War of 1812
365:Snake River
343:painted by
298:Robert Gray
288:Map of the
275:Peter Puget
193:Puget Sound
87:Puget Sound
5774:Categories
5634:Washington
5554:New Mexico
5549:New Jersey
5424:California
5026:Marysville
5001:Bellingham
4568:Government
4385:Washington
4215:2023-07-06
4074:Washington
3809:2024-03-27
3784:2024-03-27
3759:2024-03-27
3735:2024-03-27
3726:"About Us"
3711:2024-03-27
3674:2010-09-01
3536:31 October
3316:2024-03-29
3292:2024-03-29
3268:2024-03-29
3244:2024-03-29
3217:2024-03-29
3193:2024-03-29
3145:2024-03-29
3008:2024-03-28
2984:2007-06-15
2906:2008-04-10
2827:References
2642:Amazon.com
2576:Bob Santos
2549:US Capitol
2481:Bob Santos
2287:Sand Point
2252:referendum
2248:initiative
2214:Republican
2036:Republican
1811:appointed
1789:Union Army
1735:Royal Navy
1698:annexation
1611:anti-Asian
1509:Anti-Asian
1192:Yakima War
1139:Democratic
1016:Yakima War
1001:Yakima War
905:Washington
852:Yakima War
847:Cayuse War
730:Bellingham
598:Cayuse War
404:Frenchtown
229:James Cook
206:Juan PĂ©rez
26:since 1967
24:state flag
5644:Wisconsin
5609:Tennessee
5514:Minnesota
5489:Louisiana
5391:by polity
5291:Wahkiakum
5271:Snohomish
5216:Klickitat
5196:Jefferson
5046:Shoreline
5031:Sammamish
5011:Kennewick
4956:Vancouver
4709:Licensing
4586:Governors
4531:Education
4445:Geography
4398:(capital)
3618:0043-4078
3505:March 21,
3471:March 21,
3428:0043-3810
2709:Tim Eyman
2662:Starbucks
2650:Nordstrom
2638:Microsoft
2510:Nisqually
2502:Fish Wars
2416:Wing Luke
2361:Vancouver
2357:Bremerton
2302:Vancouver
2043:Civil War
1781:Tennessee
1726:wrote to
1587:equal pay
1572:socialist
1568:Snohomish
1557:patronage
1522:Democrats
1431:Minority
1426:Majority
1222:Caused by
1119:civil war
974:In 1856,
945:Nisqually
933:genocidal
917:Gen. Wool
907:governor
895:Nez Perce
646:Tennessee
513:, in the
377:Astorians
154:Wenatchee
138:Nez Percé
130:Klickitat
126:Snohomish
5629:Virginia
5579:Oklahoma
5559:New York
5534:Nebraska
5524:Missouri
5509:Michigan
5499:Maryland
5484:Kentucky
5464:Illinois
5439:Delaware
5429:Colorado
5419:Arkansas
5286:Thurston
5266:Skamania
5256:San Juan
5236:Okanogan
5211:Kittitas
5176:Garfield
5171:Franklin
5151:Columbia
5113:Counties
5041:Richland
5036:Lakewood
4996:Kirkland
4961:Bellevue
4719:Military
4654:Commerce
4560:Politics
4551:Politics
4536:Gun laws
4506:Cannabis
4501:Abortion
4460:Highways
4274:fishing.
4173:Volume 2
2716:See also
2668:Politics
2506:protests
2479:(2008);
2475:(1971);
2402:Cold War
2217:Governor
2197:Georgist
2173:governor
2171:, third
2131:Laughton
2056:Laughton
1948:ordered
1910:populist
1717:Governor
1575:laborite
1550:Populist
1535:ideology
1488:Laborism
1482:Populism
1450:Populism
1440:Ideology
1375:marshals
1206:Location
925:annexing
883:Umatilla
881:and the
734:Victoria
650:Tumwater
642:Missouri
576:Umatilla
333:Chinooks
296:Captain
231:sighted
214:Santiago
169:Neah Bay
142:Okanogan
122:Quileute
114:Quinault
5649:Wyoming
5624:Vermont
5529:Montana
5469:Indiana
5449:Georgia
5444:Florida
5414:Arizona
5404:Alabama
5306:Whitman
5301:Whatcom
5281:Stevens
5276:Spokane
5241:Pacific
5226:Lincoln
5161:Douglas
5156:Cowlitz
5141:Clallam
5051:Olympia
5021:Redmond
4971:Everett
4946:Spokane
4941:Seattle
4927:Largest
4882:Palouse
4850:Eastern
4807:Western
4798:Regions
4754:Revenue
4669:Ecology
4526:Economy
4516:Culture
4494:Society
4480:Symbols
4455:History
4413:Outline
4395:Olympia
4025:(1986)
3983:(1988)
2632:Economy
2590:member
2547:in the
2523:by the
2515:leader
2408:Seattle
2388:dropped
2384:Fat Man
2353:Seattle
2097:Seattle
2084:Spokane
1902:Chinese
1739:Marines
1719:of the
1675:Britain
1561:bossism
1415:Founded
1346:Unknown
1241:Parties
1107:Federal
1095:hawkish
1041:Tlingit
943:of the
766:Wyoming
726:Whatcom
706:Seattle
522:Pig War
482:of the
466:By the
335:on the
150:Spokane
146:Palouse
106:Chinook
70:in the
5584:Oregon
5539:Nevada
5479:Kansas
5454:Hawaii
5409:Alaska
5397:States
5311:Yakima
5261:Skagit
5251:Pierce
5206:Kitsap
5191:Island
5136:Chelan
5131:Benton
5126:Asotin
5061:Burien
5006:Auburn
4991:Yakima
4976:Renton
4951:Tacoma
4929:cities
4896:Shared
4854:Inland
4694:Health
4606:Senate
4475:People
4405:Topics
4294:State.
4123:online
4104:
4090:
4078:online
4065:
4050:
4029:
3987:
3960:online
3949:online
3616:
3496:
3462:
3436:968690
3434:
3426:
2928:
2660:, and
2658:Costco
2646:Boeing
2580:Latino
2541:statue
2487:(2016)
2386:' and
2365:Tacoma
2363:, and
2306:Moscow
2256:recall
2151:senate
2102:Tacoma
1713:Affair
1679:France
1609:, and
1597:, the
1593:, the
1326:Number
754:Oregon
660:area.
572:Cayuse
402:) and
218:Sonora
165:Ozette
158:Yakama
156:, and
134:Cayuse
124:, and
95:canoes
5614:Texas
5494:Maine
5459:Idaho
5231:Mason
5221:Lewis
5181:Grant
5166:Ferry
5146:Clark
5121:Adams
5072:areas
5056:Lacey
5016:Pasco
4729:Parks
4601:House
4511:Crime
4470:Parks
4465:Music
4381:State
4267:1889.
4209:(PDF)
4202:(PDF)
3839:(PDF)
3828:(PDF)
3432:JSTOR
3361:(PDF)
3169:â166.
3105:(PDF)
2844:(PDF)
2275:1920s
2143:house
1711:Trent
1650:Union
1371:posse
1341:50â60
1037:Haida
994:1855.
762:Idaho
392:MĂ©tis
351:1905)
331:meet
118:Makah
110:Lummi
91:Cedar
5686:Guam
5619:Utah
5574:Ohio
5474:Iowa
5201:King
4966:Kent
4154:Date
4102:ISBN
4088:ISBN
4063:ISBN
4048:ISBN
4027:ISBN
3985:ISBN
3614:ISSN
3538:2011
3507:2013
3494:ISBN
3473:2013
3460:ISBN
3424:ISSN
2926:ISBN
2860:2019
2819:and
2688:and
2483:and
2254:and
2202:and
2065:The
2012:and
2006:42nd
1908:and
1737:and
1677:and
1198:Date
1131:Whig
1113:and
1105:and
1097:and
1010:The
689:, a
644:and
574:and
566:and
528:and
497:and
422:and
316:and
30:The
4576:Law
4383:of
3918:hdl
3606:doi
3416:doi
3167:164
2854:(3)
2543:of
2390:on
2175:of
1673:by
1520:or
1373:of
1175:to
624:'s
410:).
163:At
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