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legislator was elected president of the convention. Taking two days, documents were prepared explaining their demands from
Congress and why they needed Congress' support. The document was a 1,500-word "Memorial to Congress" listing the problems and issues facing those living north of the Columbia
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The influx of people settling on the north side of the
Columbia River in the 1840s, then under the jurisdiction of the Oregon Territory, caused political conflicts over the lack of basic needs addressed by the territorial government. Several major issues and events were the main causes to this
244:. The title of the bill was changed to "an act to establish the Territorial government of Washington" in the House and passed on February 10, 1853. It then passed the Senate on March 2, 1853 without any need for discussion. After 21 months of campaigning, the bill was signed by
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established. Although this
Memorial was a shorter than the earlier Cowlitz Memorial, it was better written and quickly adopted. After signing the petition, it was again forwarded on to Joseph Lane, who supported the petition and had it sent on to Congress.
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dissatisfaction including that basic needs, such as mail, roads, military protection and law enforcement were increasingly required. The Oregon
Territory government would not increase spending to satisfy these needs. Another was complaints against the
161:, Governor of the Oregon Territory. The delegates were far ahead of their time in what they proposed. They recommended universal manhood suffrage beginning at the age of 18, which came about 120 year later.
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who still held the most valuable agricultural land and their livestock would trespass on settlers lands. Settlements north of the
Columbia River were increasingly being cut off as the government services,
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The second meeting, for which the convention and petition takes its name, took place in the town of
Monticello, later destroyed by flooding in 1867 and currently within present-day
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586:
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The first meeting of settlers began on August 29, 1851 at
Cowlitz Landing. They met to draft a petition to Congress to create a new territory north of the
177:. Still feeling ignored by the Oregon Territory government, 44 delegates met on November 25, 1852 to develop, complete and sign another petition to have
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on March 2, 1853. The bill became known as the
Organic Act and also served as the basis for law in Washington until it gained statehood in 1889.
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River. Territory and county borders were also approved as well as other elements of local governing. These documents were published in
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The Public Domain. Its
History, with Statistics ... Prepared ... by Thomas Donaldson ... Revised July 16, 1881. [With Maps.]
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120:. Chapman's speech instigated an election of delegates to attend a convention at Cowlitz Landing, near present-day
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on
January 25, 1853. Debates arose, not about whether the bill would pass, but on the name of the new territory.
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Meany, Edmond S. (January 1922). "The Cowlitz Convention: Inception of Washington Territory".
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Bill H.R. 348, "to establish the territorial government of Columbia," was introduced in the
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and a fiery lawyer, John Chapman, gave an inspiration address referred to as
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refers to a set of two separate meetings held in 1851 and 1852 to petition
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United States. Public Land Commission. Committee on Codification (1881).
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The History of the Pacific Northwest Oregon and Washington 1889: Volume I
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279:"The Creation of Washington: Securing Democracy North of the Columbia"
357:"Cowlitz convention responsible for splitting Washington from Oregon"
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501:. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. 1852.
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from the Committee on Territories. It was introduced by
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On July 4, 1851, complaints were brought by citizens to
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celebrations. One settler, Hugh Goldsborough read the
485:. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
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468:. Portland: North Pacific History Company. 1889.
381:. United States Geological Survey. March 1, 2005
75:into two separate territories; one north of the
379:"Historical Floods Compared with Debris Flows"
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286:Columbia - the Magazine of Northwest History
587:Pre-statehood history of Washington (state)
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405:"Almost Columbia, Triumphantly Washington"
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101:, required traveling for several days.
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444:. Washington State Secretary of State
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327:The Washington Historical Quarterly
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498:Congressional Edition, Volume 657
355:Banel, Feliks (August 23, 2017).
128:to be held the following month.
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1:
552:History of Washington (state)
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240:to avoid confusion with the
118:the future state of Columbia
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114:Declaration of Independence
33:to comply with Knowledge's
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562:Cowlitz County, Washington
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415:(2): 3–11. Archived from
277:Weber, Dennis P. (2003).
567:Lewis County, Washington
528:46.115639°N 122.913028°W
232:, a representative from
222:House of Representatives
140:. Seth Catlin, a former
46:may contain suggestions.
31:may need to be rewritten
533:46.115639; -122.913028
442:"Territorial Timeline"
190:William Nathaniel Bell
165:Monticello Convention
65:Monticello Convention
572:Washington Territory
242:District of Columbia
90:Hudson's Bay Company
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292:(3). Archived from
108:which were holding
95:Oregon City, Oregon
230:Richard H. Stanton
179:Columbia Territory
132:Cowlitz Convention
557:History of Oregon
419:on April 26, 2012
409:Columbia Magazine
359:. MyNorthwest.com
238:George Washington
226:Charles E. Stuart
205:Calvin Henry Hale
185:Notable Signees:
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52:September 2019
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446:. Retrieved
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40:You can help
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531: /
333:(1): 3–16.
210:Doc Maynard
159:Joseph Lane
546:Categories
255:References
83:Background
246:President
44:talk page
339:40473582
234:Kentucky
171:Longview
151:and the
142:Illinois
69:Congress
216:Outcome
106:Olympia
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122:Toledo
42:. The
335:JSTOR
297:(PDF)
282:(PDF)
450:2019
425:2019
387:2019
365:2019
331:XIII
305:2019
97:and
63:The
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