292:
209:
when they were increased to twenty. The archdeaconry of Stoke-on-Trent was formed in 1878, and in 1896 the deaneries were brought to their present number; the archdeaconry of
Stafford comprising Handsworth, Himley, Lichfield, Penkridge, Rugeley, Stafford, Tamworth, Trysull, Tutbury, Walsall, Wednesbury, West Bromwich and Wolverhampton; the archdeaconry of Stoke-on-Trent comprising Alstonfield, Cheadle, Eccleshall, Hanley, Leek, Newcastle-under-Lyme, Stoke-on- Trent, Trentham and Uttoxeter. In the wars of the reign of
303:
on the whole far larger than any in the adjacent counties; more especially as regards northern
Staffordshire. The two hundreds in the south-west are of more normal extent. It seems to be due chiefly to the nature of the county. Northern Staffordshire is to a large extent moorland, which must have been unattractive to early settlers. It is noteworthy, as showing where the centres of these hundreds lay, that the meeting-places of the two northern hundreds (
19:
562:
1403:
365:, and ironstone was procured at Sedgley and Eccleshall. In the 15th century both coal and iron were extensively worked. Thus in the 17th century the north of the county yielded coal, lead, copper, marble and millstones, while the rich meadows maintained great dairies; the woodlands of the south supplied timber, salt, black marble and alabaster; the clothing trade flourished about Tamworth, Burton, and
261:, now in Shropshire, were assessed under Staffordshire. The hundreds of Offlow and Totmonslow had their names from sepulchral monuments of Saxon commanders. The shire court for Staffordshire was held at Stafford, and the assizes at Wolverhampton, Stafford and Lichfield, until by act of parliament of 1558 the assizes and sessions were fixed at Stafford, where they are still held.
453:, has a church showing good Norman work. Brewood church, 4 miles south-west of Penkridge, is Early English. This village gives name to an ancient forest. Audley church, north-west of Newcastle-under-Lyme, is a good example of Early Decorated work. Remains of ecclesiastical foundations are generally slight, but those of the Cistercian abbey of Croxden, north-west of
469:, north-east of Stafford, which dates from the 13th century. Here is also a timbered hall, in the park of which a breed of wild cattle is maintained. Beaudesert, south of Rugeley, is a fine Elizabethan mansion in a beautiful undulating demesne. In the south-west, near Stourbridge, are Enville, a Tudor mansion with grounds laid out by the poet
549:
of
Staffordshire (Newcastle-under-Lyme, 1817); Simeon Shaw, History of the Staffordshire Potteries (Hanley, 1829); Robert Garner, Natural History of the County of Stafford (London, 1844–1860); William Salt, Archaeological Society, Collections for a History of Staffordshire (1880), vol. i.; Victoria County History; Staffordshire.
548:
See Robert Plot, Natural
History of Staffordshire (Oxford, 1686); S. Erdeswick, Survey of Staffordshire (London, 1717; 4th ed., by T. Harwood, London, 1844); Stebbing Shaw, History and Antiquities of Staffordshire, &c., vol. i., ii., pt. i. (London, 1798–1801); William Pitt, Topographical History
199:
under
William Fitz Ansculf, was the ancestor of the Bassets of Drayton. At the time of the survey Burton was the only monastery in Staffordshire, but foundations of canons existed at Stafford, Wolverhampton, Tettenhall, Lichfield, Penkridge and Tamworth, while others at Hanbury, Stone, Strensall and
302:
The hundredal division of
Staffordshire differs markedly from that of the counties to the south and west in showing far greater stability. All the Domesday hundreds are kept practically unchanged down to modern times. Also in the size of the hundreds. The Staffordshire hundreds, five in number, are
208:
In the 13th century
Staffordshire formed the archdeaconry of Stafford, including the deaneries of Stafford, Newcastle, Alton and Leek, Tamworth and Tutbury, Lapley and Creigull. In 1535 the deanery of Newcastle was combined with that of Stone, the deaneries remaining otherwise unaltered until 1866,
186:
supplies evidence of the depopulated and impoverished condition of the county, which at this period contained but 64 mills, whereas Dorset, a smaller county, contained 272. No
Englishman was allowed to retain estates of any importance after the Conquest, and the chief lay proprietors at the time of
360:
A large proportion of
Staffordshire in Norman times was waste and uncultivated ground, but the moorlands of the north afforded excellent pasturage for sheep, and in the 14th century Wolverhampton was a staple town for wool. In the 13th century mines of coal and iron are mentioned at
195:; Robert de Stafford; William Fitz-Ansculf, afterwards created first Baron Dudley; Richard Forester; Rainald Bailgiol; Ralph Fitz Hubert and Nigel de Stafford. The Ferrers and Staffords long continued to play a leading part in Staffordshire history, and Turstin, who held
29:
is a landlocked county in the West
Midlands of England. It adjoins Cheshire to the north west, Derbyshire and Leicestershire to the east, Warwickshire to the south east, West Midlands and Worcestershire to the south, and Shropshire to the west. The historic county of
319:
Forest, and large parts of the two hundreds in the central part of the county, those of Cuttleston and Offlow, must have been occupied by Cannock Forest. The cultivated areas of these hundreds must in early days have been considerably smaller than at present.
77:
Early British remains exist in various parts of the county; and a large number of barrows have been opened in which human bones, urns, fibulae, stone hammers, armlets, pins, pottery and other articles have been found. In the neighbourhood of Wetton, near
436:
The most noteworthy churches in the county are found in the large towns, and are described under their respective headings. Such are the beautiful cathedral of Lichfield, and the churches of Eccleshall, Leek, Penkridge
457:, are fine Early English, and at Ranton, west of Stafford, the Perpendicular tower and other portions of an Augustinian foundation remain. Among medieval domestic remains may be mentioned the castles of
155:
The county probably first came into being in the decade after the year 913; that being the date at which Stafford – the strategic military fording-point for an army to cross the
140:, through the passages afforded by the Sow valley in the north and Watling Street in the south. The district was frequently overrun by the Danes, who in 910 were defeated at
152:
had finally expelled the Northmen from Mercia that the land of the south Mercians was formed into a shire around the fortified burgh which he had made in 914 at Stafford.
860:
833:
865:
369:; and hemp and flax were grown all over the county. The potteries are of remote origin, but were improved in the 17th century by two brothers, the Elers, from
179:
724:
853:
445:. Checkley, 4 miles south of Cheadle, shows good Norman and Early English details, and there are carved stones of pre-Norman date in the churchyard.
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50:
authority. The resulting administrative area of Staffordshire has a narrow southwards protrusion that runs west of West Midlands to the border of
577:
843:
409:
668:
188:
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249:
of Staffordshire existed since the Domesday Survey, and the boundaries have remained practically unchanged until the twentieth century.
86:, the district between the lower Dove and the angle of the Trent to the south. Several Roman camps also remain, as at Knave's Castle on
1436:
413:
385:
907:
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311:) are in the extreme south of the respective hundreds. Southern Staffordshire was largely a forest-district. The southern part of
1031:
606:. The Family Topographer: Being a Compendious Account of the ... Counties of England. Vol. 4. London: J.B. Nichols and Son.
425:
393:
1441:
709:
621:: detailed local histories of the county, organised by parish. Full text of several of the volumes on British History Online.
401:
389:
82:, on the site called Borough Holes, no fewer than twenty-three barrows were opened, and British ornaments have been found in
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373:, who introduced the method of salt glazing, and in the 18th century they were rendered famous by the achievements of
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The district which is now Staffordshire was invaded in the 6th century by a tribe of Angles who settled about
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69:
has an area of 781,000 acres (1,250 sq. miles) and at the first census in 1801 had a population of 239,153.
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The county is first mentioned by name in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle in 1016 when it was harried by Canute.
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268:
into counties, hundreds and tithings. From the beginning, Staffordshire was divided into the hundreds of
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ravaged all the lands of Earl Robert Ferrers in this county and destroyed Tutbury Castle. During the
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213:. most of the great families of Staffordshire, including the Bassets and the Ferrers, supported
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8:
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of the 17th century Staffordshire supported the parliamentary cause and was placed under
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was represented by two members in the parliament of 1290, and in 1295 the borough of
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477:, was born in 1500. Among numerous modern seats may be named Ingestre, Ilam Hall,
253:, however, was then included under Derbyshire, and Tyrley under Shropshire, while
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62:, but is still part of Staffordshire for ceremonial and traditional purposes.
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586:. Vol. 25 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 757–759.
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stone cross that dates from around the year 805. The cross still stands in
811:
762:
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478:
122:
107:
46:, these three being removed for administrative purposes in 1974 to the new
541:
The English Hundred Names, by Olof Anderson, Lund (Sweden), 1934. Page 144
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withstood a siege in 1643, in which year the Royalists were victorious at
816:
264:
The origin of the hundred dates from the division of his kingdom by King
254:
156:
145:
126:
408:
the county returned four members in four divisions, and the boroughs of
125:, Christianity having been brought to Staffordshire by Irish monks from
486:
308:
281:
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141:
91:
532:; by William Pitt, pub. J. Smith (Newcastle-under-Lyme), 1817; page 13
352:. In 1745 the Young Pretender advanced as far as Leek in this county.
646:
473:, and Stourton Castle, embodying portions of the 15th century, where
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370:
18:
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Trentham had been either destroyed or absorbed before the Conquest.
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
450:
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336:. Tamworth, Lichfield and Stafford, however, were garrisoned for
312:
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119:
39:
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160:
115:
191:; Earl Hugh of Chester; Henry de Ferrers, who held Burton and
159:– became a secure fortified stronghold and the new capital of
182:
was punished by ruthless harrying and confiscation, and the
424:
the county returned six members in three divisions and
58:
was removed from the admin area in the 1990s to form a
861:
Political history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)
866:
Social history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)
114:churchyard. Thus the Knot is either i) an ancient
518:History, Gazetteer and Directory of Staffordshire
1418:
233:, and in 1459 the Lancastrians were defeated at
662:
597:
396:was represented by two members in 1304, and
240:
178:The resistance which Staffordshire opposed
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655:
416:were represented by two members each, and
298:of Staffordshire (with North to the right)
908:History of monarchy in the United Kingdom
619:Victoria County History for Staffordshire
572:
530:A Topographical History of Staffordshire
520:; by William White, pub. Sheffield, 1834
404:returned two members in 1562. Under the
290:
118:symbol or ii) a symbol adopted from the
17:
1419:
676:
650:
355:
72:
203:
229:was for a time the headquarters of
13:
918:History of the politics of England
591:
173:
14:
1453:
1437:Local government in Staffordshire
913:History of the economy of England
625:
1401:
560:
898:History of education in England
893:Government in medieval England
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97:
1:
504:
380:
348:, but lost their leader, the
1442:History of England by county
883:English overseas possessions
499:Lost houses of Staffordshire
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7:
492:
443:St Peter's at Wolverhampton
392:also returned two members.
10:
1458:
710:Economy in the Middle Ages
465:and Tutbury, with that of
1398:
1215:
962:
936:
875:
684:
441:, Tamworth, Tutbury, and
420:by one member. Under the
241:Hundreds of Staffordshire
1427:History of Staffordshire
1032:East Riding of Yorkshire
949:Kingdom of Great Britain
189:Earl Roger of Montgomery
641:University of Leicester
583:Encyclopædia Britannica
475:Reginald, Cardinal Pole
315:hundred was covered by
257:, Chipnall and part of
102:The county symbol, the
754:Black Death in England
637:Historical Directories
299:
23:
598:Samuel Tymms (1834).
439:St Mary's at Stafford
428:returned one member.
294:
180:William the Conqueror
22:Flag of Staffordshire
21:
398:Newcastle-under-Lyme
367:Newcastle-under-Lyme
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773:English Renaissance
725:English unification
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350:Earl of Northampton
342:Lichfield Cathedral
148:, and it was after
1408:England portal
1057:Greater Manchester
944:Kingdom of England
903:History of English
720:Anglo-Saxon period
678:History of England
406:Reform Act of 1832
356:Industrial history
300:
104:Staffordshire Knot
73:Iron Age and Roman
24:
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414:Wolverhampton
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386:Staffordshire
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48:West Midlands
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44:West Bromwich
41:
37:
36:Wolverhampton
33:
32:Staffordshire
28:
27:Staffordshire
20:
16:
1250:Christchurch
1182:Warwickshire
1161:
1097:Lincolnshire
972:Bedfordshire
812:Georgian era
795:Protectorate
790:Commonwealth
763:Tudor period
636:
603:
581:
552:
551:
547:
537:
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479:Alton Towers
435:
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359:
346:Hopton Heath
338:King Charles
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207:
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154:
131:
123:Christianity
101:
76:
64:
26:
25:
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1360:Southampton
1230:Bournemouth
1192:West Sussex
1137:Oxfordshire
1037:East Sussex
817:Regency era
800:Restoration
483:Shugborough
432:Antiquities
422:Act of 1867
334:Lord Brooke
255:Cheswardine
235:Blore Heath
146:Wednesfield
127:Lindisfarne
98:Anglo-Saxon
1421:Categories
1355:Shrewsbury
1335:Portsmouth
1315:Nottingham
1295:Manchester
1270:Folkestone
1255:Colchester
1225:Birmingham
1147:Shropshire
1107:Merseyside
1087:Lancashire
1012:Derbyshire
553:Attibution
505:References
487:Keele Hall
426:Wednesbury
381:Parliament
309:Totmonslow
282:Cuttleston
270:Totmonslow
259:Bobbington
227:Eccleshall
142:Tettenhall
92:Brownhills
1380:Worcester
1365:St Albans
1350:Sheffield
1345:Rochester
1310:Newcastle
1290:Maidstone
1280:Liverpool
1202:Wiltshire
1062:Hampshire
977:Berkshire
964:By county
471:Shenstone
455:Uttoxeter
400:in 1355.
394:Lichfield
371:Amsterdam
324:Civil War
245:The five
211:Henry III
34:includes
1385:Worthing
1375:Wetherby
1325:Plymouth
1260:Coventry
1235:Brighton
1152:Somerset
1002:Cornwall
997:Cheshire
937:Polities
686:Timeline
493:See also
467:Chartley
463:Tamworth
459:Stafford
447:Armitage
402:Tamworth
390:Stafford
305:Pirehill
296:Hundreds
274:Pirehill
251:Edingale
247:hundreds
134:Tamworth
80:Dovedale
1370:Torquay
1340:Reading
1300:Margate
1245:Chester
1240:Bristol
1167:Suffolk
1142:Rutland
1112:Norfolk
1007:Cumbria
612:2127940
571::
451:Rugeley
418:Walsall
363:Walsall
328:In the
313:Seisdon
286:Seisdon
197:Drayton
116:Mercian
108:Anglian
90:, near
40:Walsall
1320:Oxford
1285:London
1172:Surrey
1027:Durham
1022:Dorset
876:Topics
639:, UK:
610:
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340:, and
317:Kinver
278:Offlow
163:under
161:Mercia
42:, and
1330:Poole
1275:Leeds
1265:Dover
1042:Essex
1017:Devon
928:Riots
157:Trent
120:Irish
112:Stoke
1390:York
1082:Kent
923:Wars
608:OCLC
412:and
307:and
288:.
284:and
65:The
580:".
555::
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280:,
276:,
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225:,
167:.
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670:e
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656:v
614:.
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