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2009:. Due to the sandstone composition of the mountain that was saturated with water and oil, frequent cave-ins occurred and the bore had to be constantly shored up by timbers during excavation. The initial location for the north end of the tunnel near Newhall was abandoned due to this. The north end of the tunnel excavation commenced in June 1875. Water was a constant problem during construction and pumps were utilized to keep the tunnel from flooding. Workers digging from both the north and south ends of the tunnel came face to face on July 14, 1876. The bores from each end were only a half inch out of line with dimensions of 22 feet (6.7 m) high, 16.5 feet (5.0 m) wide at the bottom and over 18 feet (5.5 m) at the shoulders. Track was laid in place soon after the tunnel dig was completed and the first train passed through on August 12, 1876. On September 4,
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tools found in the saloons including pocketknives, collar stays, razors, suspender buckles, and buttons, emphasizing the role of males inside the saloons. Similarly, historical records and other kinds of written evidence show the transition and elimination of independent madam brothels for the expansion of men owning and operating in the local red-light district, an example, is the case of Tom Savage, son of Irish immigrants, who moved from San
Francisco to Los Angeles in 1887 and worked his way up in the red-light district industry. Tom Savage's business strategies show the integration of saloon and brothel businesses by implementing leasing houses near the bar, stating a clear and direct relation between prostitution and alcohol consumption.
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3602:. By 1950, Los Angeles was an industrial and financial giant created by war production and migration. Los Angeles assembled more cars than any city other than Detroit, made more tires than any city but Akron, Ohio, made more furniture than Grand Rapids, Michigan, and stitched more clothes than any city except New York. In addition, it was the national capital for the production of motion pictures, Army and Navy training films, radio programs and, within a few years, television shows. Construction boomed as tract houses were built in ever expanding suburban communities financed by the GI Bill for veterans and the
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immigrants from abroad owed their employment to the immigrant economy with Asian entrepreneurs employing Latino workers. Large-scale economic changes have brought major social changes with them. While unemployment dropped in Los
Angeles in the 1990s, the newly created jobs tended to be low-wage jobs filled by recent immigrants; the number of poor families increased from 36% to 43% of the population of Los Angeles County during this time. At the same time, the number of immigrants from Mexico, Central America and Latin America has made Los Angeles a "
3478:. Many military personnel regarded the zoot suits as unpatriotic and flamboyant in time of war, as they used a lot of fabric, coupled with widespread racism against Mexicans and Mexican-Americans as unintelligent and inferior. The Los Angeles Police Department stood by as the rioting happened, arresting hundreds of Hispanic residents instead of the attackers. Riots against Latinos in Los Angeles also erupted in a similar fashion in other cities in California, Texas, and Arizona as well as northern cities like Chicago, Philadelphia, and Detroit.
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3658:) that had developed by the early 1970s also caused a backlash: Schools were closed routinely in urban areas for "smog days" when the ozone levels became too unhealthy, and the hills surrounding urban areas were seldom visible even within a mile, Californians were ready for changes. Over the next three decades, California enacted some of the strictest anti-smog regulations in the United States and has been a leader in encouraging nonpolluting strategies for various industries, including automobiles. For example,
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2546:. A fierce storm in 1835 diverted its course to Long Beach, where it stays today. Early citizens could not even maintain a footbridge over the river from one side of the city to the other. After the American takeover, the city council authorized spending of $ 20,000 for a contractor to build a substantial wooden bridge across the river. The first storm to come along dislodged the bridge, used it as a battering ram to break through the embankment, and scattered its timbers all the way to the sea.
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Angeles. An
Archaeological excavation took place in which they found artifacts at campsites of the Chinese workers. The sites yielded items such as ceramics, tools, personal items, and fragments of everyday objects used by the workers. The excavation also found architectural features which included the remains of living quarters, bunkhouses, and cookhouses. These artifacts and architectural features provide a unique insight into the lives of the Chinese laborers.
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1337:. With the coming of the U.S. citizens, disease took a great toll among Indians. Self-employed Indians were not allowed to sleep over in the city. They faced increasing competition for jobs as more Mexicans moved into the area and took over the labor force. Those who loitered or were drunk or unemployed were arrested and auctioned off as laborers to those who paid their fines. They were often paid for work with liquor, which only increased their problems.
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2005:) was completed, providing the final link from San Francisco to Los Angeles for the railroad. The 6,940-foot-long railroad tunnel (2,115.3 m) took a year and a half to complete. More than 1,500 mostly Chinese laborers took part in the tunnel construction, which began at the south end of the mountain on March 22, 1875. Many of them had prior experience working on Southern Pacific's located tunnels in the
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people in a range of 60 years. In Old
Chinatown, prostitution was a way of life for Chinese women. In 1870, historical records show that only about 20% of the Asian population in Los Angeles was women. In Chinatown, there were only 34 females with 22 of them being at the oldest, 20 years old. Most of these women worked as prostitutes in Old Chinatown which was located on
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rail yards and warehouses before heading to the nation's interior. International trade has generated hundreds of thousands of jobs in
Southern California. Moving goods is now one of the larger industries in the region, one that helps provide low-cost imports to consumers across the country. The ports are among the region's more valuable economic engines.
2716:, Lippencott's agent and a former mayor of Los Angeles. Lippencott then resigned from the Reclamation Service, took a job with the Los Angeles Water Department as assistant to Mulholland, and turned over the Reclamation Service maps, field surveys and stream measurements to the city. Those studies served as the basis for designing the longest
2967:, were added to the city in 1915, almost tripling its area, mostly towards the northwest. Over the next 17 years. dozens of additional annexations brought the city's area to 450 square miles (1,165 km) in 1932. (Numerous small annexations brought the total area of the city up to 469 square miles (1,215 km) as of 2004.)
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staged to create ambiance. Archaeologists have a hard time distinguishing if items such as liquor bottles, stemmed glasses, tumblers, cosmetics, drugs and medication were personal or work related. Most likely artifacts that were liquor related were most likely used for work since it constituted for 66% of artifacts at the
3967:. It stated that "The enforcement of a covenant forbidding use and occupancy of real estate by non-Caucasians, by an action at law in a state court to recover damages from a co-covenantor for a breach of the covenant, is barred by the Fourteenth Amendment of the Federal Constitution." In 1964, California voters approved
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in 1957, and sold 257 cars in the U.S. It moved operations to
Torrance in 1982 because of easy access to port facilities and the LAX airport. In 2013 it sold 2.2 million vehicles in the U.S. In 2014, it announced it would move 3000 of its employees to Plano, Texas, near Dallas, to be closer to its American factories.
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In 1892, the federal courts ruled that neither state nor city governments could discriminate but upheld the right to enter into racial and class restrictive covenants. In the period between 1900 and 1920 Los
Angeles experienced a boom in housing development during which racially restrictive covenants
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were a major part of Los
Angeles housing development and selling of real estate. Racially restrictive covenants were court private agreements included in title deeds that prohibited the selling of property to certain races. The first racially restrictive covenant in Los Angeles dates to 1902 and used
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The opening of the Los
Angeles Aqueduct provided the city with four times as much water as it required, and the offer of water service became a powerful lure for neighboring communities. The city, saddled with a large bond and excess water, locked in customers through annexation by refusing to supply
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the semi-arid climate, they were forever watering their lawns, gardens, orchards, and vineyards. Later, they needed more to support the growth of commerce and manufacturing. By the beginning of the 20th century, the town realized it quickly would outgrow its river and would need new sources of water.
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of the often segregation of gender tasks in saloons and brothels. Based on artifacts and tools often used for the labor field inside the business, female attire, hairpins, jewelry, cosmetic containers, and others, were often found in the rooms that were leased for the use of brothels. There were also
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In the 1870s, Los
Angeles was still little more than a village of 5,000. By 1900, there were over 100,000 occupants of the city. Several men actively promoted Los Angeles, working to develop it into a great city and to make themselves rich. Angelenos set out to remake their geography to challenge San
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With the temporary absence of a legal system, the city quickly was submerged in lawlessness. Many of the New York regiment disbanded at the end of the war and charged with maintaining order were thugs and brawlers. They roamed the streets joined by gamblers, outlaws, and prostitutes driven out of San
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According to historian Mary P. Ryan, "The U.S. army swept into California with the surveyor as well as the sword and quickly translated Spanish and Mexican practices into cartographic representations." Under colonial law, land held by grantees was not disposable. It reverted to the government. It was
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During the rest of the 1820s, the agriculture and cattle ranching expanded as did the trade in hides and tallow. The new church was completed, and the political life of the city developed. Los Angeles was separated from Santa Barbara administration. The system of ditches which provided water from the
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Independence brought other advantages, including economic growth. There was a corresponding increase in population as more Indians were assimilated and others arrived from America, Europe, and other parts of Mexico. Before 1820, there were just 650 people in the pueblo. By 1841, the population nearly
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By the end of the 20th century, some of the annexed areas began to feel cut off from the political process of the megalopolis, leading to a particularly strong secession movement in the San Fernando Valley and weaker ones in San Pedro and Hollywood. The referendums to split the city were rejected by
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Los Angeles continued to spread, particularly with the development of the San Fernando Valley and the building of the freeways launched in the 1940s. When the local street car system went out of business due to the gas/automobile industry, Los Angeles became a city shaped around the automobile, with
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ticket, was challenging the establishment's candidate. Harriman's campaign, however, was tied to the asserted innocence of the McNamaras. But the defense was in trouble: The prosecution not only had evidence of the McNamaras' complicity, but had trapped Darrow in a clumsy attempt to bribe one of the
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led by John Romani uncovered several artifacts of Chinese, Euro- American, and Native American origin. There were historic features that were also found which dated to early Euro-American and Chinese American establishments. One of these establishments Romani and his team uncovered a brick structure
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Los Angeles had several active "Vigilance Committees" during that era. Between 1850 and 1870, mobs carried out approximately 35 lynchings of Mexicansâmore than four times the number that occurred in San Francisco. Los Angeles was described as "undoubtedly the toughest town of the entire nation." The
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was married to Maria Ignacio Alvarado in the Plaza church. It was attended by the entire population of the pueblo, 800 people, plus hundreds from elsewhere in Alta California. In 1835, the Mexican Congress declared Los Angeles a city, making it the official capital of Alta California. It was now the
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All of pagandom (Indians) is fond of the pueblo of Los Angeles, of the rancho of Reyes, and of the ditches (water system). Here we see nothing but pagans, clad in shoes, with sombreros and blankets, and serving as muleteers to the settlers and rancheros, so that if it were not for the gentiles there
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The overall metropolitan L.A. economy was healthy, and in one five-year boom period (1985 to 1990), it attracted 400,000 working immigrants (mostly from Asia and Mexico) and about 575,000 workers from elsewhere in the U.S. The jobs offered depended largely on educational qualifications. Half of the
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in Century City. The manufacture of clothing began on a large scale in the early 20th century. The fashion industry emerged in the 1920s with an emphasis on sportswear and leisure clothing, and expanded after 1945 to second place behind New York. Toyota opened its first overseas office in Hollywood
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The last of the automobile factories shut down in the 1990s; the tire factories and steel mills left earlier. Most of the agricultural and dairy operations that were still prospering in the 1950s have moved to outlying counties while the furniture industry has relocated to Mexico and other low-wage
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A portion of the underworld profits have been used in financing campaigns ... city and county officials in vital positions ... the district attorney's office, sheriff's office, and Los Angeles Police Department work in complete harmony and never interfere with ... important figures
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Early settlers were more than a little discouraged by the region's diverse and unpredictable weather. They watched helplessly as long droughts weakened and starved their livestock, only to be drowned and carried off by ferocious storms. During the years of little rain, people built too close to the
2058:(the 'red cars'). Los Angeles Railway served the city and the Pacific Electric Railway served the rest of the county. At its peak, Pacific Electric was the largest electrically operated interurban railway in the world. Over 1,000 miles (1,600 km) of tracks connected Los Angeles with Hollywood,
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The San Pedro forces eventually prevailed (though it required Banning and Downey to turn their railroad over to the Southern Pacific). Work on the San Pedro breakwater began in 1899 and was finished in 1910. Otis Chandler and his allies secured a change in state law in 1909 that allowed Los Angeles
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surveyed Los Angeles to confirm and extend the streets of the city. His survey put the city into the real-estate business, creating its first real-estate boom and filling its treasury. Street names were changed from Spanish to English. Further surveys and street plans replaced the original plan for
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Lippencott performed water surveys in the Owens Valley for the Service while secretly receiving a salary from the City of Los Angeles. He succeeded in persuading Owens Valley farmers and mutual water companies to pool their interests and surrender the water rights to 200,000 acres (800 km) of
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For its first 120 years, the Los Angeles River supplied the town with ample water for homes and farms. It was estimated that the annual flow could have support a town of 250,000 peopleâif the water had been managed right. But Angelenos were among the more profligate users of water in the world. In
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grew into a major tourist spot in the late 1800's with the establishment of new transportation networks, and hotels. This includes the Mount Lowe Resort and Railway which was a popular location at the time for both its location in Los Angeles and many attractions. With the Industrial growth in Los
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Not only economic ties but also marriage drew many Indians into the life of the pueblo. In 1784, only three years after the founding, the first recorded marriages in Los Angeles took place. The two sons of settler Basilio Rosas, Maximo and JosĂ© Carlos, married two young Indian women, MarĂa Antonia
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The ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach make up the largest harbor complex in the U.S., handling 44% of all goods imported by cargo container. In 2007, the equivalent of 7.85 million 40-foot shipping containers poured through the ports, with most then moving along the region's highways to massive
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project is funded by a half cent tax increase added in the mid-1980s, which yields $ 400 million every month. Although the regional transit system is growing, subway expansion was halted in the 1990s over methane gas concerns, political conflict, and construction and financing problems during Red
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north of Los Angeles and Orange Counties. On April 5, 1926, a rain gauge in the San Gabriels collected one inch in one minute. In January 1969, more water fell on the San Gabriels in nine days than New York City sees in a year. In February 1978, almost a foot of rain fell in 24 hours, and, in one
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fragments, and game pieces were found as well as Native American pottery, ground stone, and antler flakers. Apart from this, data collection on census reports from 1870 and 1930 shows the growth of the Chinese American population in Los Angeles, going from 234 to 3,009 population; more than 2,000
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that closed down in 1909 as well as a residential neighborhood and commercial area. Disease was very present in parlor houses at this time. The most commonly found artifacts at the brothel were foodways like fancy cups and dishes as well as beaded lampshades and globe lamps. These could have been
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years in northern California, Los Angeles became known as the "Queen of the Cow Counties" for its role in supplying beef and other foodstuffs to hungry miners in the north. Among the cow counties, Los Angeles County had the largest herds in the state followed closely by Santa Barbara and Monterey
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The City of Los Angeles mostly remained within its original 28 sq mi (73 km) land grant until the 1890s. The original city limits are visible even today in the layout of streets that changes from a northâsouth pattern outside of the original land grant to a pattern that is shifted
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Hollywood has been synonymous worldwide with the film industry for over a hundred years. It was incorporated as the City of Hollywood in 1903, but merged into LA in 1910. In the 1900s movie makers from New York found the sunny, temperate weather more suitable for year-round location shooting. It
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Due to the archaeological work done on the site from 2004 to 2005 excavations of the site found material remains that help to reconstruct the daily lives of the workers. These excavations were done in the workers quarters where they found ceramics, glassware, and food remains. These food remains
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The fragmentation of Los Angeles real estate on the Anglo-Mexican axis had begun. Under the Spanish system, the residences of the power-elite clustered around the Plaza in the center of town. In the new U.S. system, the power elite resided in the outskirts. The emerging minorities, including the
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Many communities in Los Angeles have changed their ethnic character over this period of time. For many decades, the population was predominantly White and mostly American-born until the late 20th century. South L.A. was mostly White until the 1950s, but then became predominantly black until the
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Racially restrictive covenants were implemented by housing developers, real estate agencies, and homeowners associations for the purpose of creating racial and class segregated neighborhoods. Racially restrictive covenants were also implemented in housing developments to secure homogeneous and
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On Christmas Day, 1913, police attempted to break up an IWW rally of 500 taking place in the Plaza. Encountering resistance, the police waded into the crowd attacking them with their clubs. One citizen was killed. In the aftermath, the authorities attempted to impose martial law in the wake of
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toured the Indian villages of Southern California in 1883, she was appalled by the racism of the Anglos living there. She wrote that they treated Indians worse than animals, hunted them for sport, robbed them of their farmlands, and brought them to the edge of extermination. While Indians were
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The drilling of wells and pumping of water from the San Fernando Valley aquifer dried up the river by the 1920s. By 1980, the aquifer was supplying drinking water for 800,000 people. In that year, it was discovered that the aquifer had been contaminated. Many wells were shut down, as the area
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decided to challenge the open shop. In 1909, the city fathers placed a ban on free speech from public streets and private property except for the Plaza. Locals had claimed that it had been an Open Forum forever. The area was of particular concern to Harrison Grey Otis and his son-in-law Harry
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During the late 1800s the construction of the Southern Pacific Railroad was conducted by Chinese workers. The Southern Pacific Railroad connected Los Angeles to San Francisco. It played an important role in the economic and industrial growth in both the state of California and the city of Los
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leading from the river through the middle of town and into the farmlands. Indians were employed to haul fresh drinking water from a special pool farther upstream. The city was first known as a producer of fine wine grapes. The raising of cattle and the commerce in tallow and hides came later.
4015:" city that will soon (perhaps in the 2020s) be majority Latino, the first time since California statehood in 1850 before Anglo-American settlers came to the city. The unemployment rate dropped from 6.9% to 6.8% in 2002, jumped during the recession of 2008, and hovered around 11-12% in 2011.
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In the 1920s, for example, it was common practice for the city's mayor, councilmen, and attorneys to take contributions from madams, bootleggers, and gamblers. The top aide of the mayor was involved with a protection racket. Thugs with eastern-Mafia connections were involved in often violent
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or moved to states with better tax conditions, and movie producers sometimes find cheaper places to produce films, television programs and commercials. However, the film, television and music industries are still based in LA, which is home to large numbers of well-paid stars, executives and
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riverbed, only to see their homes and barns later swept to sea during a flood. The location of the Los Angeles Plaza had to be moved twice because of previously having been built too close to the riverbed. Worse, floods changed the river's course. When the settlers arrived, the river joined
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With the coming of the U.S. citizens, disease took a great toll among Indians. Self-employed Indians were not allowed to sleep over in the city. They faced increasing competition for jobs as more Mexicans moved into the area and took over the labor force. Those who loitered or were drunk or
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Los Angeles was incorporated as a U.S. city on April 4, 1850. Five months later, California was admitted into the Union. Although the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo required the U.S. to grant citizenship to the Indians of former Mexican territories, it did not happen for another 80 years. The
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were given title to their land two years later. By 1800, there were 29 buildings that surrounded the Plaza, flat-roofed, one-story adobe buildings with thatched roofs made of tule. By 1821, Los Angeles had grown into a self-sustaining farming community, the largest in Southern California.
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started giving contracts without competitive bids and paying city employees to favor crony contractors. The city's Vice Squad functioned citywide as the enforcer and collector of the city's organized crime, with revenues going to the pockets of city officials right up to the mayor. The
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Restricting people of color from many neighborhoods across Los Angeles resulted in the formation of multiracial neighborhoods. These neighborhoods were notably poor and composed of Blacks, Latinos, Asian Americans, Jews, and Italians. Among multiracial neighborhoods in Los Angeles are
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interviews with whiskered actors with Russian accents voicing their enthusiasm for EPIC, along with footage focusing on hobos huddled on the borders of California waiting to enter and live off the bounty of its taxpayers once Sinclair was elected. Sinclair, however, lost the election.
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weather balloon. Lasting for two hours, five people died in the "Battle of Los Angeles", from car crashes in the confusing darkness to people having heart attacks due to loud anti-aircraft gun bursts. In spite of this, the Japanese had plans to actually bomb Los Angeles with giant
1396:. Further small skirmishes took place. Stockton regrouped in San Diego and marched north with six hundred troops while Frémont marched south from Monterey with 400 troops. After a few skirmishes outside the city, the two forces entered Los Angeles, this time without bloodshed.
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built the community of Westwood. They included racial restrictions in all of their properties that specifically excluded "any person who is not of the White or the Caucasian race". Examples of communities in Los Angeles that were built with racial restrictions in deeds are
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The desire for residential housing in the downtown area has led to gentrification. Historic commercial buildings have been renovated as condos (while maintaining the original outside design), and many new apartment and condominium towers and complexes are being built.
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Today, the Los Angeles River functions mainly as a flood control. A drop of rain falling in the San Gabriel Mountains will reach the sea faster than an auto can drive. During today's rainstorms, the volume of the Los Angeles River at Long Beach can be as large as the
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which attempted to validate housing discrimination. However, the proposition was repealed and deemed unconstitutional by the California Supreme Court. While many home deeds in Los Angeles still contain restrictive covenant clauses, they are not legally enforceable.
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as chief of police. Parker pushed for more independence from political pressures that enabled him to create a more professionalized police force. The public supported him and voted in charter changes that isolated the police department from the rest of government.
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The name first given to the settlement is debated. Historian Doyce B. Nunis has said that the Spanish named it "El Pueblo de la Reina de los Angeles" ("The Town of the Queen of the Angels"). For proof, he pointed to a map dated 1785, where that phrase was used.
3738:) a few blocks to the north in 1990, a 310 m (1,018 ft) building that is the tallest west of the Mississippi. Outside of Downtown, the Wilshire Corridor is lined with tall buildings, particularly near Westwood. Century City, developed on the former
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Social critic Mike Davis argued that attempts to "revitalize" downtown Los Angeles decreases public space and further alienates poor and minority populations. This enforced geographical separation of diverse populations goes back to the city's earliest days.
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were discovered a few miles west of the original find. Los Angeles became a center of oil production in the early 20th century, and by 1923, the region was producing one-quarter of the world's total supply; it is still a significant producer, with the
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in 1894. The Wharf extended 4,600 feet into the ocean, and was the longest wharf in the world at the time. The Los Angeles Chamber of Commerce feared Southern Pacific controlling the port, and so attempted to favor the San Pedro location, sparking the
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Quibbling between city and county governments delayed any response to the flooding until a massive storm in 1938 flooded Los Angeles and Orange counties. The federal government stepped in. To transfer floodwater to the sea as quickly as possible, the
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to trial for killing an Indian or forcing Indians off their properties. Anglos concluded that the "quickest and best way to get rid of (their) troublesome presence was to kill them off, (and) this procedure was adopted as a standard for many years."
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boomed into the cinematic heart of the United States, and has been the home and workplace of actors, directors and singers that range from small and independent to world-famous, leading to the development of related television and music industries.
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that formerly existed in that area. In addition, there was also a sheet refuse of artifacts from Old Chinatown, the nearby residential area. This area of Downtown Los Angeles was known as the crib District which was heavily occupied by brothels and
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in charge of recruiting colonists for the new settlements. He was originally to recruit 55 soldiers, 22 settlers with families and a thousand head of livestock that would include horses for the military. After an exhaustive search that took him to
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Generations before the arrival of the Europeans, the Tongva had identified and lived in the best sites for human occupation. The survival and success of Los Angeles depended greatly on the presence of a nearby and prosperous Tongva village called
2534:) squeezed the water to the surface at that point. Then, through much of the year, the river emerged from the valley to flow across the floodplain 20 miles (32 km) to the sea. The area also provided other streams, lakes, and artesian wells.
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to restrict people of color from dwelling in that home. Other language used in covenants excluded specific ethnic groups and sometimes only allowed "non-Whites" to occupy a property if they were domestic workers. There was a tendency to exclude
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The repeal of a law limiting building height and the controversial redevelopment of Bunker Hill, which destroyed a picturesque though decrepit neighborhood, ushered in the construction of a new generation of skyscrapers. Bunker Hill's 62-floor
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opened as the private airport in 1930, and the city purchased it to be the municipal airfield in 1937. The name became Los Angeles Airport in 1941 and Los Angeles International Airport in 1949. In the 1930s, the main airline airports were
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that was built in the 1880s with the alignment of the street possibly being dated to the Spanish period. This area is now known as Ferguson Alley in Old Chinatown. At this site, there was a 90 cm deep artifact rich deposit containing
1169:, citizens with rights under the law. In the plazas of Monterey, Santa Barbara, Los Angeles, and other settlements, people swore allegiance to the new government, the Spanish flag was lowered, and the flag of independent Mexico raised.
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Gonzålez, Michael J. (1998). "'The Child of the Wilderness Weeps for the Father of Our Country': The Indian and the Politics of Church and State in Provincial Southern California". In Gutiérrez, Ramón A. & Orsi, Richard J. (eds.).
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lines provided direct connections to the East, competed vigorously for business with much lower rates, and stimulated economic growth. Tourists poured in by the thousands every week, and many planned on returning or resettling.
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bartered with them for prized sea-otter and seal pelts, sieves, trays, baskets, mats, and other woven goods. This commerce greatly contributed to the economic success of the town and the attraction of other Indians to the city.
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3757:. Although gangs were disproportionately confined to lower-income inner-city sections, fear knew no boundaries citywide. Since the early 1990s, the city saw a decrease in crime and gang violence with rising prices in housing,
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wrote: "radical and practical matters (were) considered, and steps taken for the adaption of such as are adequate to cope with a situation tardily recognized as the gravest that Los Angeles has ever been called upon to face."
1943:, Southern Pacific bought the railroad and demolished the wharf. However, by the 1890s Southern Pacific favored a location for the Port of Los Angeles in Santa Monica because of their control of the land there, and opened the
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and the Russian-born New Yorker Meyer Baylin. The socialists were the first to set up a soapbox in the Plaza, which served as the location of union rallies and protests and riots as the police attempted to break up meetings.
3218:'s three departures a week from Glendale; in late 1946 most airline flights moved to LAX, but Burbank always retained a few. Since then, there has been relentless expansion and the spinoff of hotels and warehouses nearby.
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Fletcher Bowron replaced Shaw as mayor in 1938 to preside over one of the more dynamic periods in the history of the city. His "Los Angeles Urban Reform Revival" brought major changes to the government of Los Angeles.
874:, so all were quarantined a short distance away from the mission. Members of the other party arrived at different times by August. They made their way to Los Angeles and probably received their land before September.
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After the war, hundreds of land developers bought land cheap, subdivided it, built on it, and got rich. Real-estate development replaced oil and agriculture as Southern California's principal industry. In July 1955,
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due to overcrowding and perceived lower property value during and after the war, in which they were restricted from advanced opportunities in affluent white areas and confined to an exclusive-black majority area of
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on the private property of a strike supporter (the arresting officer told him "we'll have none of 'that Constitution stuff'") and blanket arrests were made at union gatherings. The strike ended after members of the
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allowing cities to own property outside their boundaries, the city acquired the land that Eaton had acquired from the Owens Valley farmers and started to build the aqueduct. On the occasion of the opening of the
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in 1948 prohibited racially restrictive covenants and invalidated their use in court. The 1956 Barrows V. Jackson case the Supreme Court ruled that racially restrictive covenants were unconstitutional under the
1626:, which she hoped would give a human face to the atrocities and indignities suffered by the Indians in California, and it did. The novel was enormously successful, inspiring four movies and a yearly pageant in
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for building the aqueduct. Artificial drought conditions were created when water was run into the sewers to decrease the supply in the reservoirs and residents were forbidden to water their lawns and gardens.
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Legitimate concerns about water supply were exploited to gain backing for a huge engineering and legal effort to bring more water to the city and allow more development. The city fathers had their eyes on the
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Los Angeles developed another industry in the early 20th century when movie producers from the East Coast relocated there. These new employers were likewise afraid of unions and other social movements: During
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became the object of an Indian revolt. The mission had expropriated all the suitable farming land; the Indians found themselves abused and forced to work on lands that they once owned. A young Indian healer,
606:. Its residents provided the colonists with seafood, fish, bowls, pelts, and baskets. For pay, they dug ditches, hauled water, and provided domestic help. They often intermarried with the Mexican colonists.
754:
The Spanish system called for an open central plaza, surrounded by a fortified church, administrative buildings, and streets laid out in a grid, defining rectangles of limited size to be used for farming
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808:
The Pobladores ("settlers") is the name given to the 22 adults and 22 children from Sonora who founded Los Angeles. Twenty were of African American or Native American descent. In December 1777, Viceroy
435:, have transformed the demographic base since the 1960s. Old industries have declined, including farming, oil, military and aircraft, but tourism, entertainment and high-tech remain strong. Over time,
3517:, 80 miles from Los Angeles. Reacting to a report that enemy planes had been spotted over Los Angeles, anti-aircraft gunners in the area fired on the approaching aircraft what was later known to be a
925:. The original Plaza was located a block north and west of the present one â its southeast corner being roughly where the northwesternmost point of the present plaza is, at the former intersection of
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On election day, the people of Los Angeles voted for $ 22.5 million worth of bonds to build an aqueduct from the Owens River and to defray other expenses of the project. With this money, and with an
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Since the 1960s, growth has slowedâand traffic delays have become infamous. Los Angeles was a pioneer in freeway development as the public transit system deteriorated. New arrivals, especially from
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reported that there were 2,000 of them still living in Southern California. Some were organizing to protect burial and cultural sites. Others were trying to obtain federal recognition as a tribe.
1559:, the seventh governor of California was sworn into office on January 14, 1860, thereby becoming the first governor from Southern California. Governor Downey was born and raised in Castlesampson,
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The population of Los Angeles reached more than 100,000 with the 1900 census, more than a million in 1930, more than two million in 1960, and more than 3 million in 1990. Los Angeles surpassed
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concluded that at their peak, the Pacific Electric and Los Angeles Railway (itself with 642 miles of track) "made the region's public transportation the best in the country, if not the world".
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first brought thousands of miners from Sonora in northern Mexico on the way to the gold fields. So many of them settled in the area north of the Plaza that it came to be known as "Sonoratown".
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outlined his "Instructions for the Corporal Guard of the Pueblo of Los Angeles." The instructions included rules for employing Indians, not using corporal punishment, and protecting the Indian
3598:
left New York City and came to Los Angeles and San Francisco, respectively. The population of California expanded dramatically, to nearly 20 million by 1970. This was the coming-of-age of the
1768:, part of the artifacts analyzed by Catherine Holder Spude shows common medical remedies used in brothels for pain relief, like Lydia Pinkham's vegetable compound, with a 20.6% of alcohol, or
1198:
in 1833. Extensive mission lands suddenly became available to government officials, ranchers, and land speculators. The governor made more than 800 land grants during this period, including a
2499:, one of the first strikes in which Mexican immigrant workers played a prominent role for union recognition. The unions made even greater gains in the war years, as Los Angeles grew further.
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in the San Gabriel Mountains. Fifteen other stations reported over 20 inches in two days from the same storm. Forty-five others reported 70% of the average annual rainfall in two days.
6473:
Beherec, Marc (2019). "John Romani's Forgotten 1984 Excavations at CA-LAN-007 and the Archeology of Native American Los Angeles" (PDF). SCA Proceedings. 33: 155. Retrieved November 3, 2020.
3718:
roofs, which not only led to their own loss but also sent firebrands up to three miles (5 km) away. Despite this, few changes were made to the building codes to prevent future losses.
2312:, famed Chicago defense lawyer, represented them. At the same time the McNamara brothers were awaiting trial, Los Angeles was preparing for a city election. Job Harriman, running on the
3314:. As a result, the Los Angeles area grew faster than any other major metropolitan area in the U.S. and experienced more of the traumas of war while doing so. By 1943, the population of
1232:
culture. Being regarded as minors who could not think for themselves, they were increasingly marginalized and relieved of their land titles, often by being drawn into debt or alcohol.
1810:
Much of Los Angeles County was farmland, with an emphasis on cattle, dairy products, vegetables and citrus fruits. After 1945, most of the farmland was converted into housing tracts.
4438:
4116:
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History of Downey, The Life Story of a Pioneer Community, and of the Man who Founded it â California Governor John Gately Downey â From Covered Wagon to the Space Shuttle
2152:
Although there had been some anti-Chinese behavior in the preceding decades, editorial attacks in the local press beginning just before 1870 was followed by increased attacks. The
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The fear of Mexican violence and the racially motivated violence inflicted on them further marginalized the Mexicans, greatly reducing their economic and political opportunities.
6204:
Gilbert, Jess & Wehr, Kevin (December 2003). "Dairy Industrialization in the First Place: Urbanization, Immigration, and Political Economy in Los Angeles County, 1920-1970".
3060:
led a citizen's campaign to clean up city hall. He and other reformers served on a Grand Jury investigating the charges of corruption. In a minority report, the reformers wrote:
2028:
to absorb San Pedro and Wilmington, using a long, narrow corridor of land to connect them with the rest of the city. The debacle of the future Los Angeles harbor was termed the
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was larger than 37 states, and was home to one in every 40 U.S. citizens, as millions across the U.S. came to Southern California to find employment in the defense industries.
3100:
turned the tide. The police became so nervous that the Intelligence Squad blew up Raymond's car and nearly killed him. The public was so enraged by the bombing that it quickly
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Most of the annexed communities were unincorporated towns but 10 incorporated cities were consolidated with Los Angeles: Wilmington (1909), San Pedro (1909), Hollywood (1910),
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Because of the great economic potential for Los Angeles, the demand for Indian labor grew rapidly. Yaanga began attracting Indians from the Channel Islands and as far away as
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by the mob in the course of the riot. Those killed represented over 10% of the small Chinese population of Los Angeles at the time, which numbered 172 prior to the massacre.
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systems, dedicated busways, and limited-stop "Rapid" bus routes have become the preferred means of mass transit in LA's expanding series of gridlocked, congested corridors.
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1807:
reveal their dietary habits as well as consumption habits. The material remains give light to realities of laborers who have been overlooked in a lot of historical record.
941:, with the boundaries corresponding to present-day Fountain Avenue, Indiana Street, Exposition Boulevard and Hoover Street. Each settler received four rectangles of land,
8011:
7170:
SĂĄnchez, George J. (February 2017). "Why Are Multiracial Communities so Dangerous? A Comparative Look at Hawai'i; Cape Town, South Africa; and Boyle Heights, California".
2149:. In a lot of cases, these women immigrated from China for the purpose of prostitution with their poor and desperate families selling them into an indentured servitude.
1314:
In 1840, Jean-Louis Vignes made the first recorded shipment of California wine. The Los Angeles market was too small for his production, and he loaded a shipment on the
1165:
Mexico's independence from Spain on September 28, 1821, was celebrated with great festivity throughout Alta California. No longer subjects of the king, people were now
1119:
took place between 1818 and 1822, much of it with Indian labor. The new church completed Governor de Neve's planned transition of authority from mission to pueblo. The
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unemployed were arrested and auctioned off as laborers to those who paid their fines. They were often paid for work with liquor, which only increased their problems.
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Los Angeles had a strong economic base in farming, oil, tourism, real estate and movies. It grew rapidly with many suburban areas inside and outside the city limits.
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The immigrants arriving in the city to find jobs sometimes brought the revolutionary zeal and idealism of their homelands. These included anarchists such as Russian
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The same period also saw the arrival of many foreigners from the United States and Europe. They played a pivotal role in the U.S. takeover. Early California settler
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was ordered in summer 1931 by a superior court judge after Ethel Prioleau sued the city, complaining that she as a Negro was not allowed to use the pool in nearby
3395:, wrote, "Between 1942-1945, some 340,000 Blacks settled in California, 200,000 of whom migrated to Los Angeles." Most of these migrants to Los Angeles came from
1907:
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2127:. Old Chinatown was centered on Alameda Street which was also where the former Red Light district of Los Angeles was. In 1984, an archaeological excavation of
1939:). Southern Pacific had initially supported the San Pedro port, and when in 1875 a potential rival emerged in a Santa Monica wharf connected to downtown by the
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depicted by Whites as lazy and shiftless, she found most of them to be hard-working craftsmen and farmers. Jackson's tour inspired her to write her 1884 novel
3349:
to present themselves for "evacuation" from the newly created military zones. This included many Los Angeles families, of which 80,000 were relocated to the
2963:
to promote development near the aqueduct's outlet. By referendum of the residents, 170 square miles (440 km) of the San Fernando Valley, along with the
1333:
In 1836, the Indian village of Yaanga was relocated near the future corner of Commercial and Alameda Streets. In 1845, it was relocated again to present-day
926:
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growing protests. Seventy-three people were arrested in connection with the riots. The city council introduced new measures to control public speaking. The
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grew along Main and Spring streets towards Second Street and beyond. In Downtown Los Angeles, there was an archaeological excavation in 1996 on the site of
8377:
6087:
Meyer, Michael D.; Gibson, Erica S.; Costello, Julia G. (2005). "City of Angels, City of Sin: Archaeology in the Los Angeles Red-Light District ca. 1900".
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did not exist in Los Angeles as it had in the South, black migrants continued to face racial discrimination in most aspects of life, especially widespread
3134:
Through the 1960s, the LAPD was promoted as one of the more efficient departments in the world. But Parker's administration increasingly was charged with
2317:
jurors. On December 1, 1911, four days before the final election, the McNamaras entered a plea of guilty in return for prison terms. Harriman lost badly.
945:, for farming, two irrigated plots and two dry ones. When the settlers arrived, the Los Angeles floodplain was heavily wooded with willows and oaks. The
914:
568:
The lives of the Tongva were governed by a set of religious and cultural practices that included belief in creative supernatural forces. They worshipped
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3765:, and heavy police vigilance in many parts of the city. With its reputation, it had led to Los Angeles being referred as "The Gang Capital of America".
1303:
Brothers at the end of the 18th century. They grew well and yielded large quantities of wine, but Jean-Louis Vignes was not satisfied with the results.
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7396:(November 2011). "The Emergence of Los Angeles as a Fashion Hub: A Comparative Spatial Analysis of the New York and Los Angeles Fashion Industries".
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brought new industry, especially high-tech aircraft construction. Politically the city was moderately conservative, with a weak labor union sector.
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The Spanish land grant to the city lands of Los Angeles was roughly a square of five miles (8.0 km) on each side, for an area of four square
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At the peak of their combined coverage and accessibility, they made Los Angeles' public transportation the best in the country, if not the world.
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The downtown business interests, always eager to attract business and investment to Los Angeles, were also eager to distance their town from the
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The California labor movement, with its strength concentrated in San Francisco, largely had ignored Los Angeles for years. However, in 1907, the
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normally allow only vehicles with two/three or more occupants (whether the base number is two or three depends on what freeway you are on), but
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and led them in an attack on the mission at San Gabriel. The soldiers were able to defend the mission, and arrested 17, including Toypurina.
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was added in 1910, bringing the city up to 90 square miles (233 km) and giving it a vertical "barbell" shape. Also added that year was
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of Los Angeles became a notable feature of the town, and the pace of the growth accelerated in the first decades of the 20th century. The
1828:
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while at residences, bottles and glassware was at just 30%. Pharmaceutical and medical items were more often used in the brothels than in
1330:, was the most extensive vineyard in California. Vignes owned over 40,000 vines and produced 150,000 bottles, or 1,000 barrels, per year.
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from the Central United States settled in the Northern ends of Downtown Los Angeles, mainly they were White, but a large percentage were
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still monitor the air and generally encourage people to avoid polluting activities on hot days when smog is expected to be at its worst.
3258:, Los Angeles grew as a center for production of aircraft, ships, war supplies, and ammunition. Aerospace employers headquartered in the
1546:
homicide rate between 1847 and 1870 averaged 158 per 100,000 (13 murders per year), which was 10 to 20 times the annual murder rates for
1306:
1221:
715:, and Los Angeles as sites for his new pueblos. His plans for them closely followed a set of Spanish city-planning laws contained in the
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in 1573. Those laws were responsible for laying the foundations of the largest cities in the region at the time, including Los Angeles,
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involving misconduct of 70 officers, the federal government was forced to intervene and assumed jurisdiction of the department with a
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beating. Charges of police brutality dogged the department through the end of the 20th century. In the late 1990s, as a result of the
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wrote approvingly that "stockades and forced labor were a good remedy for IWW terrorism." Public meetings were outlawed in San Pedro,
1373:. Because of Mexico's inability to defend its northern territories, California was exposed to invasion. On August 13, 1846, Commodore
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earlier in 1781, in two groups, and some of them had most likely been working on their assigned plots of land since the early summer.
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In 1811, the population of Los Angeles had increased to more than five hundred persons, of which ninety-one were heads of families.
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1055:. As a result, Indians found themselves with more freedom to choose between the benefits of the missions and the pueblo-associated
889:, the diocesan archivist, replied, however, that the name given by the founders was "El Pueblo de Nuestra Señora de los Angeles de
573:
105:
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5645:
Brown, William E. Jr. (September 2002). "California as I Saw It: First-Person Narratives of California's Early Years, 1849â1900".
2530:, supplied with water from the surrounding mountains. The rising of the underground bedrock at the Glendale Narrows (near today's
1522:, a legend in his own time among the Mexican-born population for his daring feats against the Anglos, was captured in present-day
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in the canyons along the San Gabriel Mountains to reduce the debris flows. It was an enormous project, taking years to complete.
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residents. The mob gathered after hearing that a policeman and a rancher had been killed as a result of a conflict between rival
1928:
1875:
576:, a female virgin god. Their Great Morning Ceremony was based on a belief in the afterlife. In a purification ritual, they drank
3923:
became widespread. By 1939, almost 47% of Los Angeles County residential neighborhoods included racially restrictive covenants.
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As with a few other wartime industrial cities in the U.S., Los Angeles experienced a racial-related conflict stemming from the
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The open shop campaign continued from strength to strength, although not without meeting opposition from workers. By 1923, the
1012:, ditch diggers, water haulers, and domestic help; they were paid in clothing and other goods as well as cash and alcohol. The
810:
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It was in accordance with such precise planningâspecified in the Law of the Indiesâthat Governor de Neve founded the pueblo of
275:
7540:
Light, Ivan; Bernard, Richard B. & Kim, Rebecca (1999). "Immigrant Incorporation in the Garment Industry of Los Angeles".
3530:. Those raids never came about, but the Japanese had the planes and wherewithal to accomplish such a raid throughout the war.
1591:
deprived Indians of any protection under the law, considering them as non-persons. As a result, it was impossible to bring an
1027:(c. 1766â1878) reportedly lived to the age of 112, living through the Spanish, Mexican, and early American eras in California.
852:(villages). Governor de Neve's plans for the Indians' role in his new town drew instant disapproval from the mission priests.
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who fished, hunted sea mammals, and gathered wild seeds. They were later replaced by migrantsâpossibly fleeing drought in the
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1696:. Wealthy Easterners who came as tourists recognized the growth opportunities and invested heavily in the region. During the
1480:
227:
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Angeles in the late 1800s there was also an increase in cheap labor to help with tourism. Cheap labor was fulfilled by many
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by reducing the military's dependence on them. At the same time, they promoted the development of industry and agriculture.
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to become the nation's second largest city between 1980 and 1982, with a population estimated to be 3.022 million in 1982.
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247:
3341:, authorizing military commanders to exclude "any or all persons" from certain areas in the name of national defense. The
3108:, was convicted and sentenced to two years to life. Police Chief James Davis and 23 other officers were forced to resign.
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347:
252:
132:
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Northrop, Marie E., ed. (December 1960). "The Los Angeles Padron of 1844 as Copied from the Los Angeles City Archives".
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Estrada, William David (2005). "Toypurina, Leader of the Tongva People". In Oboler, Suzanne; Gonzalez, Deena J. (eds.).
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can use the lanes with only a single occupant. As a result, smog is significantly reduced from its peak, although local
2192:
833:, Rosario, and Durango, Rivera y Moncada recruited only 12 settlers and 45 soldiers. Like the settlers of most towns in
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3646:, sometimes called "America's Suburb", became a favorite site of developers, and the city began growing past its roots
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3127:
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490:. The land occupied and used by the Tongva covered about 4,000 square miles (10,000 km). It included the enormous
308:
280:
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4858:, "Chinigchinish: An Historical Account of the Origins, Customs, and Traditions of the Indians of Alta California" in
3419:. African Americans particularly benefited from defense jobs created in Los Angeles County during the war, especially
3096:
The persistent courage of Clinton, Superior Court Judge and later Mayor, Fletcher Bowron, and former police detective
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9179:
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8864:
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7862:
6485:"A Night in Old Chinatown: American Orientalism, China Relief Fundraising, and the 1938 Moon Festival in Los Angeles"
6069:
Meyer, Michael D., et al. "City of Angels, City of Sin: Archaeology in the Los Angeles Red-Light District ca. 1900."
6035:
Tzeng, Timothy (2011). "Eastern Promises: The Role of Eastern Capital in the Development of Los Angeles, 1900-1920".
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1990s, and is now mainly Latino. While the Latino community within the City of Los Angeles was once centered on the
3618:". These reflected the Californian promise of easy living in a paradisiacal climate. The surfing culture burgeoned.
1747:
to more upscale neighborhoods which transformed residences into boarding houses or parlor houses otherwise known as
1518:
threatened Southern California with a full-scale revolt. He was hanged in Los Angeles in front of 3,000 spectators.
393:. After sovereignty changed from Mexico to the United States in 1849, great changes came from the completion of the
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1900:, and a number of business colleagues embarked on reshaping southern California by expanding that into a harbor at
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Much of this progress, however, bypassed the Indians of the traditional villages who were not assimilated into the
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95:
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During the latter decades of the 20th century, the city saw a massive increase of street gangs. At the same time,
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A devastating brush fire on October 3, 1933, killed 29 and injured another 150 workers who were clearing brush in
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which took place during the demolition of the parking structure as well as a massive excavation of the basement.
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242:
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3874:, despite they were legally "White" due to Spanish ancestry, Mexican immigrants tend to be indigenous people or
3702:
fires destroyed 484 expensive homes and 21 other buildings along with 15,810 acres (64 km) of brush in the
3501:
While Los Angeles County never faced enemy bombing and invasion, it nevertheless became an integral part of the
2857:
2578:
and depositing them in the town below. Another wiped out the small town of Hidden Springs in a tributary of the
2013:
notified Southern Pacific that the track had been completed on the route between San Francisco and Los Angeles.
1563:, and came to Los Angeles in 1850. He was responsible for keeping California in the Union during the Civil War.
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5518:"Map of Rancho San Vicente y Santa Monica, Santa Monica: Calendar of Events in the Making of a City, 1875-1950"
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3029:(LAPD)âand the fight against itâwere dominant themes in the city's story from early 20th-century to the 1950s.
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7108:"L.A. City Limits: African American Los Angeles from the Great Depression to the Present by Josh Sides (2003)"
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Hildebrand, Evelyn (2020). "The Chinese in California: Archaeology and Railroads at the Turn of the Century".
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Yaara' Shiraaw'ax 'Eyooshiraaw'a. Now You're Speaking Our Language: Gabrielino/Tongva/Fernandeño: a phrasebook
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The greatest daily rainfall recorded in California was 26.12 inches on January 23, 1943, at Hoegees near
2549:
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and caring for crops. Padre Vincente de Santa Maria was traveling with the party and made these observations:
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3138:âresulting from his recruiting of officers from the South with strong anti-black and anti-Mexican attitudes.
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were neither pueblos nor ranches. These pagan Indians care neither for the missions nor for the missionaries.
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flowed clear and fresh all year, supporting 45 Tongva villages in the area. The source of the river was the
2410:'s campaign for governor of California under the banner of his "End Poverty In California" (EPIC) movement,
1952:. Congress authorized the Army Corps of Engineers to choose the location, and in 1897 they chose San Pedro.
1630:, California. Many of the Indian villages of Southern California survived because of her efforts, including
1209:
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9229:
9144:
8498:
5992:
5403:
3936:
3587:
3299:
2390:
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1932:
1931:" investors in the Central Pacific and Southern Pacific. (The "Big Four" are sometimes numbered among the "
1871:
1224:, played an influential role in the development of Los Angeles in the late Mexican and early American eras.
440:
290:
187:
7834:
Some of the best history appears in the appropriate chapters of the multi-volume History of California by
7613:"California â Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places: Earliest Census to 1990"
6870:
2241:
was spurring enthusiasm for the expansion of Los Angeles, the newspaper was also trying to turn it into a
1803:
and minority workers who faced struggles with low wages, poor living conditions, and even discrimination.
1350:
921:
The town grew as soldiers and other settlers came into town and stayed. In 1784 a chapel was built on the
848:, the newly baptized Indians were no longer to reside in the mission but had to live in their traditional
390:
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7695:
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7268:
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2916:, a narrow and crooked strip of land leading from Los Angeles south towards the port. The port cities of
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1772:, containing morphia. Catherine Holder Spude's archeological data collection explains the archeological
1533:
922:
8131:
8094:
7442:
6556:
5968:(1971). "The Aboriginal Population of Upper California". In Heizer, R. F. & Whipple, M. A. (eds.).
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5525:
5072:
4938:
4906:"The Los Angeles River: Geography, vistas and restoration | Blog | Integration and Application Network"
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1883:
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1404:(it was not a treaty) on 13 January 1847, ending the California phase of the MexicanâAmerican War. The
1381:, seized the town; Governor Pico had fled to Mexico. From Stockton and Frémont until late 1849, all of
1334:
929:. It was also oriented diagonally, i.e. at precisely a 90-degree angle to the four compass points. The
443:
have increased in frequency and become less seasonal and more year-round, further straining the city's
127:
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3423:, where it was one of the first places of integrated, defense-related work on the West Coast. Though
3199:
2680:, engaged in successful efforts at buying cheap land on the northern outskirts of Los Angeles in the
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2402:
raided the IWW Hall and attacked the men, women and children meeting there. The strike was defeated.
2285:
2091:
2039:
2035:
1963:
1955:
1944:
1832:
1523:
1319:
1040:, began touring the area, preaching against the injustices suffered by her people. She won over four
825:
708:
7493:"The Industrial Division of Labor Among Immigrants and Internal Migrants to the Los Angeles Economy"
6817:
5840:
3115:
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that defined the stories of Chicago and New York. In spite of their concerns, massive corruption in
1890:
in 1871. Banning had already laid track and shipped in locomotives to connect the port to the city.
8854:
8721:
8084:
7393:
6658:
4709:. Vol. 35, no. 58. December 11, 1890 – via California Digital Newspaper Collection.
4635:. Vol. 4, no. 19. September 21, 1854 – via California Digital Newspaper Collection.
4552:
4443:
Historical Resident Population of Los Angeles during the Spanish & Mexican Period, 1781 to 1840
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was the first of many fields in the basin to be exploited, and in 1900 and 1902, respectively, the
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1994:
1882:
The city still lacked a modern harbor. Phineas Banning excavated a channel out of the mud flats of
1863:
1724:
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877:
The official date for the founding of the city is September 4, 1781. The families had arrived from
406:
237:
5348:
4956:. Banning, CA/Novato, CA: Malki Museum Press/Ballena Press cooperative publication. pp. 2â7.
4689:. Vol. XII, no. 35. January 3, 1863 – via California Digital Newspaper Collection.
3104:, one of the first big-city recalls in the country's history. The head of the intelligence squad,
2422:
studio into the unofficial headquarters of the organized campaign against EPIC. MGM produced fake
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bought 104 acres (0.42 km) of land located between the original Pueblo and the banks of the
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no longer had to make the bumpy 11-mile (18 km) ride to Sunday Mass at Mission San Gabriel.
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flowed all year. Wildlife was plentiful, including deer and black bears, and even an occasional
863:
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7266:
Redford, Laura (2017). "The Intertwined History of Class and Race Segregation in Los Angeles".
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Some of the most concentrated rainfall in the history of the United States has occurred in the
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after the centuries-old tree found near the entrance. The grapes available at the time, of the
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436:
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157:
90:
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5426:. Seemann's Historic Cities, No. 26. Miami, Florida: E.A. Seemann Publishing Inc. p. 16.
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4721:
4671:. Vol. X, no. 12. July 28, 1860 – via California Digital Newspaper Collection.
4046:, it now extends throughout the city. The San Fernando Valley, which represented a bastion of
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was established from Los Angeles, over the mountains to the north and up the west side of the
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7433:"Toyota built Torrance into the second-largest home of Japanese Americans. Now, it's leaving"
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The town continued to grow at a moderate pace. Railroads finally arrived to connect with the
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in the pueblo, soon followed by J. D. Leandry. Trade and commerce further increased with the
1154:
615:
43:
7811:
7810:(Greenwood Press, 1981) short scholarly biographies each of the city's mayors 1820 to 1980.
7156:
5216:
4653:. Vol. X, no. 4. June 2, 1860 – via California Digital Newspaper Collection.
3694:
Beginning November 6, 1961, Los Angeles suffered three days of destructive brush fires. The
2727:
began to warn the voters of Los Angeles that the county would soon dry up unless they voted
2657:
state line. It was a permanent stream of fresh water fed by the melted snows of the eastern
1445:
determined that under U.S. property law, lands owned by the city were disposable. Also, the
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By the 1700s CE, there were 250,000 to 300,000 native people in California and 5,000 in the
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6413:"'Great Free Harbor Fight' : At Stake Was the Port Site for the Growing City of L.A."
5236:
Annals of Los Angeles: From the arrival of the first white men to the Civil War, 1769â1861
4439:
Historical Census Populations of Counties and Incorporated Cities in California, 1850â2010
2351:
in San Pedro and led approximately 3,000 men to walk off the job. With the support of the
1091:
8:
8327:
8293:
8210:
8195:
8136:
8074:
7824:
Schiesl, Martin J. "Progressive Reform in Los Angeles under Mayor Alexander, 1909-1913."
6160:"Materializing Inequality: The Archaeology of Tourism in Turn-of-the-Century Los Angeles"
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1507:. Los Angeles came to be known as the "toughest and most lawless city west of Santa Fe."
1247:
included several historical figures in his recollection of people he knew in March 1845.
1071:
511:
85:
7672:"City of Los Angeles Population by Zip Code & Race Based Upon 2019 Census Estimates"
7366:
4855:
3730:) was the highest in Los Angeles when it was completed in 1973. It was surpassed by the
2744:
on November 5, 1913, Mulholland's entire speech was five words: "There it is. Take it."
1389:
in charge. Subsequent dissatisfaction with Gillespie and his troops led to an uprising.
7557:
7514:
7413:
7333:
L.A. City Limits: African-American Los Angeles from the Great Depression to the Present
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all the social, health and political problems that this dependence produces. The famed
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paved the beds of the river and its tributaries. The corps also built several dams and
2483:, the IWW), and Socialist and Communist labor organizers such as the Japanese-American
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Islands. They were part of a sophisticated group of trading partners that included the
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was the first incorporated bank in Los Angeles, founded in 1871 by John G. Downey and
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The Passenger Train in the Motor Age: California's Rail and Bus Industries, 1910-1941
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5073:"Chapter XVI: A New Reglamento â Colonists and Recruits â Los Angeles Founded (1781)"
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and salt water. Their language was called Kizh or Kij, and they practiced cremation.
495:
487:
394:
330:
7417:
7308:
Popular Culture in the Age of White Flight: Fear and Fantasy in Suburban Los Angeles
7210:
Popular Culture in the Age of White Flight: Fear and Fantasy in Suburban Los Angeles
5864:
Los Angeles from the Days of the Pueblo: A Brief History and Guide to the Plaza Area
1866:
and San Francisco in 1876. The impact was small. Much greater was the impact of the
1537:
The boundaries of Los Angeles in 1850, at a time when the city was only four square
8310:
8160:
7549:
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7405:
7374:
7277:
7181:
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6431:"CityDig: This 1938 Map Captures the Charm of L.A.'s Under-Appreciated Yellow Cars"
6306:
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5456:
5169:. Nuestra Historia, Monograph No. 1. Encino, CA: Floricanto Press. pp. 50â53.
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4842:
4609:
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3447:
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spied on anyone even suspected of criticizing the police. They included journalist
3057:
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of 76,000, was enlarged to accommodate over 100,000 spectators for Olympic events.
2826:
2543:
2430:
2205:
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1510:
Some of the residents resisted the new powers by resorting to banditry against the
1472:
1453:
1264:
886:
855:
814:
599:
6839:
A Bright and Guilty Place: Murder, Corruption, and L.A.'s Scandalous Coming of Age
6720:. Sacramento: State of California Department of Natural Resources. pp. 42â45.
5045:
Let There Be Towns: Spanish Municipal Origins in the American Southwest, 1610â1810
3633:
was one of the most premier nightclubs in Los Angeles, from 1921 until the 1960's.
3179:
3069:
1465:
Chinese, Italians, French, and Russians, joined with the Mexicans near the Plaza.
1456:
ruled that land could not be sold that was not on a city map. In 1849, Lieutenant
7242:
7125:
6792:
5693:
5629:
Bidwell, John. "First-Person Narratives of California's Early Years, 1849â1900".
4059:
3735:
3683:
3494:
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3420:
3275:
3239:
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targeting Chinese immigrants occurred on October 24, 1871 when approximately 500
2010:
1852:
1608:
1449:(property sketches) held by residents did not secure title in an American court.
1345:
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1256:
1183:
1130:
954:
938:
728:
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472:
456:
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80:
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4058:, is now as ethnically diverse as the rest of the city on the other side of the
3481:
817:
gave approval for the founding of a civic municipality at Los Angeles and a new
7908:
7889:
Spanish and Mexican History Source: University of Southern California Project:
7647:
7492:
7044:"The History of South Central Los Angeles and Its Struggle with Gentrification"
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2006:
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Francisco with its port facilities, railway terminal, banks and factories. The
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444:
386:
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Racially restrictive covenants were finally overturned in two landmark cases.
3161:. Police reform has since been a major issue confronted by the city's mayors.
1461:
the pueblo with a new civic center south of the Plaza and a new use of space.
1429:
1397:
1096:
9319:
7904:, a collection of newspaper articles and illustrations from 1900 through 1909
7900:
7787:
7409:
7281:
6927:
Variations on a Theme Park: The new American city and the end of public space
6757:
6529:
Zesch, Scott. "Chinese Los Angeles in 1870-1871: The Makings of a Massacre."
6508:
6452:"Story of cities #29: Los Angeles and the 'great American streetcar scandal'"
6318:
5189:
5174:
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nations. Aerospace production has dropped significantly since the end of the
3928:
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3801:
3777:
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3037:
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A force of 300 locals drove the Americans out, ending the first phase of the
1187:
1067:
748:
724:
553:
531:
402:
6992:
6159:
1408:, signed on 2 February 1848, ended the war and ceded California to the U.S.
1020:
7802:. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 12â14.
7700:
7569:
7526:
7365:
Schoeni, Robert; Dardia, Michael; McCarthy, Kevin; Vernez, Georges (1996).
6456:
5785:(December 2006). "A Durable Center of Urban Space: The Los Angeles Plaza".
5782:
4775:"California's most destructive wildfire should not have come as a surprise"
4047:
3849:
3715:
3663:
3659:
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in June 1943, in which American servicemen and local Whites attacked young
3388:
3330:
3286:, were able to provide the nation's demand for the war effort in producing
3255:
3231:
2472:
2454:
2395:
2348:
2096:
1990:
1982:
1959:
1819:
1310:
Depiction of Los Angeles in 1847, near the end of Mexican rule in the city.
1276:
1252:
1244:
1100:
950:
771:
691:
569:
421:
6890:
Los Angeles Transformed: Fletcher Bowron's Urban Reform Revival, 1938â1953
5822:
Maps of Los Angeles; From Ord's Survey of 1849 to the Boom of the Eighties
3837:. As a result, the original subway plans have been delayed for decades as
1008:
paid Indians for their labor. In exchange for their work as farm workers,
1004:. The village began to look like a refugee camp. Unlike the missions, the
675:
Although Los Angeles was a town that was founded by Mexican families from
8322:
7965:
7835:
7588:
5907:(November 2005). "Western Homicide: The Case of Los Angeles, 1830â1870".
5320:
Oxford Encyclopedia of Latinos and Latinas in the United States, Volume 4
4866:
Life in California: During a Residence of Several Years in that Territory
4805:. Los Angeles: P. Munro and the Gabrielino/Tongva Language Committee via
3813:
3575:
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3490:
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3311:
3194:
3150:
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2484:
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1291:. He planted a vineyard and prepared to make wine. He named his property
1161:
showing the city lands and limits of the Pueblo of Los Angeles at center.
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985:
969:
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732:
587:
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370:
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It then had probably two hundred and fifty people, of whom I recall Don
1236:
1217:
830:
535:
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system, developed and built through the 1980s as a major goal of mayor
3606:. Popular music of the period bore titles such as "California Girls", "
3559:
2833:, a major thoroughfare, honors the occasion. It is still in use by the
2713:
2666:
2137:
1993:
located 27 miles (43 km) north of Los Angeles between the town of
1936:
1800:
1457:
1318:, bound for Northern California. By 1842, he made regular shipments to
1300:
1213:
973:
964:
636:
In 1542 and 1602, the first Europeans to visit the region were Captain
491:
7930:
5753:. Chicago & New York: The American Historical Society. p. 31.
5618:. Downey, California: Elena Quinn. pp. 12, 20â22, 32, 104â105 ff.
3590:
that continue on to the present day. In 1958, Major League Baseball's
679:, it was the Spanish governor of California who named the settlement.
539:
7644:
L.A. Noir: The Struggle for the Soul of America's Most Seductive City
7151:
7016:"Historic Resources Associated with African Americans in Los Angeles"
6958:
Schoneberger, William A.; Pattison, Ethel & Nichols, Lee (2009).
6310:
6048:
5938:
Barrio Logos: Place and Space in Urban Chicano Culture and Literature
5495:
5460:
5258:
5106:
5015:
4051:
3742:
back lot, has become another center of high-rise construction on the
3599:
3475:
3432:
3400:
3247:
2882:
2811:
but had to travel 3.6 miles to the designated "negro swimming pool."
2634:
2626:
2570:
blast, an inch and a half in five minutes. This storm caused massive
2507:
2313:
2246:
1974:
1416:
1385:. After three weeks of occupation, Stockton left, leaving Lieutenant
1037:
997:
878:
834:
374:
55:
7895:, 1996. Adopted by the El Pueblo de Los Angeles Historical Monument.
7553:
7510:
5660:
3538:
1526:, on May 14, 1874. He was found guilty of two counts of murder by a
841:
Revolt killed 95 settlers and soldiers, including Rivera y Moncada.
7378:
6534:
6136:
5386:. Los Angeles: University of California Department of Anthropology.
5221:
Annual Publication of the Historical Society of Southern California
5093:
Kelsey, Harry (1976). "A New Look at the Founding of Los Angeles".
4806:
3982:
3952:
3948:
3687:
3523:
3451:
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3412:
2604:
2492:
2442:
2423:
2320:
1836:
1709:
1647:
1643:
1635:
1504:
1503:
Francisco and mining towns of the north by Vigilance Committees or
1272:
871:
696:
527:
7791:
6717:
Historic Rainstorms in California: A Study of 1,000-year Rainfalls
5552:. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. pp. 147â172.
3784:, stretches from North Hollywood to Union Station and connects to
2359:
arrested so many strikers that the city's jails were soon filled.
377:(modern Mexico) established a permanent settlement in what is now
7065:"The Great Migration: The African American Exodus from The South"
4074:
3875:
3387:, which prohibited discrimination in wartime defense industries.
3279:
3226:
2574:
throughout the region, one of them unearthing the corpses in the
2523:
2491:
Unions began to make progress in organizing these workers as the
2016:
1761:
1631:
1078:
of Francisco Reyes. They found the local Indians hard at work as
838:
547:
398:
7819:
The Way We Really Were: The Golden State in the Second Great War
5253:
Crouch, Dora P.; Garr, Daniel J. & Mundigo, Axel I. (1982).
3986:
technicians. Many studios still operate in Los Angeles, such as
3650:
toward the ocean and towards the east. The immense problem with
2936:, a township northwest of the former city limits; and a part of
2707:, built in 1906, is one of the oldest reservoirs in Los Angeles.
2688:, chief engineer of the Los Angeles Water Department (later the
2377:
Some 1,200 dock workers were corralled in a special stockade in
2308:, both associated with the Iron Workers Union, for the bombing;
870:
ZĂșñiga's party arrived at the mission on 18 July 1781. Some had
6871:"Public Corruption, L.A.-Style: Where Have the Notorious Gone?"
3833:
Line Subway project, which culminated in a massive sinkhole on
3329:
pulled the U.S. into World War II, and America feared that the
2654:
2292:
near the plaza was bombed. A meeting hastily was called of the
2229:
having the fourth-largest reserves of any field in California.
2181:
1622:
1603:
1575:
1511:
958:
676:
595:
561:
557:
476:
428:
401:
to Los Angeles in 1885. "Overlanders" flooded in, mostly white
7918:
7367:"Life After Cutbacks: Tracking California's Aerospace Workers"
5866:(2nd ed.). San Francisco: California Historical Society.
5769:
The Indians of Los Angeles: Story of a Liquidation of a People
5482:
Newmark, Marco R. (1942). "Pioneer Merchants of Los Angeles".
4749:"Advancing Drought Science and Preparedness across the Nation"
4022:
Since the 1980s, there has been an increasing gap between the
2889:. The first large additions to the city were the districts of
2471:. They later were joined by the socialist candidate for mayor
6549:"Forgotten Los Angeles History: The Chinese Massacre of 1871"
3944:
3404:
1743:
By the 1880s, families began moving out of Aliso Street near
1627:
1592:
7134:. Vol. 87, no. 210. September 25, 1995. p. 4.
5893:. Los Angeles: Kingsley-Barnes & Neuner Co. p. 280.
5717:
Le rĂȘve californien. Migrants français sur la cĂŽte Pacifique
5291:
The Los Angeles River: Its Life, Death, and Possible Rebirth
3325:
community in Los Angeles was greatly impacted since Japan's
2649:, about 250 miles (400 km) northeast of Los Angeles in
7855:
Inventing the Dream: California through the Progressive Era
7364:
7048:
6957:
4824:. San Bernardino, California: San Bernardino County Museum.
3772:
The former Los Angeles County flag, used from 1967 to 2004.
3655:
3333:
was widespread among the community. In response, President
2123:
in Los Angeles was once located on the site of what now is
1103:, is the oldest residence in Los Angeles, built in 1818 by
432:
6919:"Fortress Los Angeles: The Militarization of Public Space"
6685:
McPhee, John (1989). "Los Angeles Against the Mountains".
6132:"The Archaeology of Prostitution and Clandestine Pursuits"
5721:
The California dream. French migrants on the Pacific coast
5603:. Baltimore, Maryland: Regional Publishing Co. p. 82.
5079:. San Francisco: A.L. Bancroft & Co. pp. 333â352.
4954:
The First Angelinos: The Gabrielino Indians of Los Angeles
4748:
3202:(then known as Union Air Terminal, and later Lockheed) in
2389:
was arrested at Liberty Hill in San Pedro for reading the
2340:
called onlookers and taco vendors "cultural subversives."
1206:
which was later developed as the westside of Los Angeles.
7465:"Toyota to uproot from California, move to 'macho' Texas"
3855:
3168:
2050:
purchased five trolley lines, consolidated them into the
644:. The first permanent non-native presence began when the
7821:(University of Illinois Press, 2000), essays by experts.
7335:. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 95.
3830:
Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority
3001:
2908:
and a change in state law allowed the city to annex the
2249:. Fruit growers and local merchants who had opposed the
2042:
and electric streetcars starting in 1887â1963. In 1898,
1607:
Narcisa Higuera, one of the last fluent speakers of the
1062:
In 1795, Sergeant Pablo Cota led an expedition from the
976:
system created by the Spanish. It was maintained by the
837:, they had a mix of Indian and Spanish backgrounds. The
7198:
Janss Investment Company v. Walden, 196 Cal. 753 (1925)
7126:"Child killing sparks action against Los Angeles gangs"
6654:
Latinas in the United States: A Historical Encyclopedia
6651:
Ruiz, Vicki L.; Korrol, Virginia SĂĄnchez, eds. (2006).
6299:
The Historical Society of Southern California Quarterly
4935:
Cultural Interaction During the Spanish Colonial Period
4512:
Other articles which contain relevant history sections.
3505:
on the night of February 24â25, 1942, during the false
3214:. In 1940, the airlines were all at Burbank except for
2955:
other communities. Harry Chandler, a major investor in
7909:
Historical archives of the Los Angeles Fire Department
7868:
Material Dreams: Southern California through the 1920s
7391:
5723:] (in French). Paris: Ăditions Belin. p. 53.
5190:"City of Angels' First Name Still Bedevils Historians"
5167:
Mexican Los Ăngeles: A Narrative and Pictorial History
5020:
On the Plaza: The Politics of Public Space and Culture
4773:
Boxall, Bettina; St. John, Paige (November 10, 2018).
4613:. Vol. 2, no. 12. July 31, 1852 – via
3714:
neighborhoods. Most of the homes destroyed had wooden
2932:, a suburb west northwest of the city near Hollywood;
1353:
was a decisive victory of American forces against the
7808:
Biographical Dictionary of American Mayors, 1820-1980
6997:
California State Military History and Museums Program
4080:
The population of Los Angeles in 2020 was 3,898,747.
3528:
large-scale invasion of the continental United States
3379:
to the Los Angeles area in the second chapter of the
2805:
end to racial segregation in municipal swimming pools
1915:
was the first railroad in Los Angeles, photo ca.1880.
1813:
7301:
7299:
6342:"How Santa Monica Almost Became a Commercial Harbor"
6130:
Yamin, Rebecca; J. Seifert, Donna (August 6, 2019).
5047:. College Station, Texas: A&M University Press.
4452:
2495:
arrived in the 1930s. An influential strike was the
2168:
attacked, harassed, robbed, and murdered the ethnic
2054:(the 'yellow cars') and two years later founded the
1698:
1880s and 1890s, the central business district (CBD)
1117:
Plaza of La Iglesia de Nuestra Señora de Los Ăngeles
6993:"Los Angeles Metropolitan Area during World War II"
6785:"Municipal Secession Fiscal Analysis Scoping Study"
6086:
5684:"Where the valley met the vine: The Mexican period"
5484:
Historical Society of Southern California Quarterly
5449:
Historical Society of Southern California Quarterly
5095:
Historical Society of Southern California Quarterly
3975:
3033:conflicts over bootlegging and horse-racing turf.
2441:were arrested in Los Angeles in 1917 for promoting
1615:When New England author and Indian-rights activist
700:. The new pueblos reduced the secular power of the
6756:
6616:
6257:
5582:The Mountain Men and the Fur Trade of the Far West
4569:Articles on specific events in Los Angeles history
3848:in Los Angeles led to condemnation from President
3582:. This later touched off a theme park war between
1668:
7296:
6018:"Battle over a Casino Divides Gabrielino Indians"
5252:
4988:The Los Angeles Plaza: Sacred and Contested Space
4481:List of Registered Historic Places in Los Angeles
4050:in the 1960s and provided the votes that allowed
2852:
2347:had made considerable progress in organizing the
1176:
911:Iglesia de Nuestra Señora la Reina de los Ăngeles
9317:
6618:"Dynamite Bomb Fails to Cripple Llewellyn Plant"
5399:"The Garrisons of San Diego Presidio: 1770â1794"
3509:, which occurred a day after the Japanese naval
3345:began ordering Japanese-Americans living on the
2284:Chandler. This conflict came to a head with the
897:of Porciuncula." and that the map was in error.
7539:
6164:International Journal of Historical Archaeology
6129:
5989:Helen Hunt Jackson and Her Indian Reform Legacy
5601:California Pioneer Register and Index 1542â1848
5550:Contested Eden: California Before the Gold Rush
5164:
4820:Smith, Gerald A. & Clifford, James (1965).
3788:lines that extend to the neighboring cities of
3753:became widely available and dominated by gangs
7806:Holli, Melvin G., and Jones, Peter d'A., eds.
7582:
7088:Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture
6733:The Story of Hollywood: An Illustrated History
6368:Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations
5380:Archeological Survey Annual Report, Appendix 2
4928:
4926:
4772:
4753:National Integrated Drought Information System
2876:Map of annexations to Los Angeles through 1916
2684:. At the same time, they enlisted the help of
1340:
8238:
7946:
7842:Americans and the California Dream, 1850â1915
7723:"Los Angeles Replaces Chicago as Second City"
6575:
6573:
5633:. Library of Congress Historical Collections.
5349:"Fages' Code of Conduct Toward Indians, 1787"
4819:
3141:Reaction to police brutality resulted in the
824:Croix put the California lieutenant governor
348:
7310:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
7236:
6680:
6678:
6581:"Oil and Gas Statistics: 2007 Annual Report"
6073:, vol. 39, no. 1, 2005, pp. 107â125. JSTOR,
5845:A History of California: The American Period
5841:"Chapter XXI: The Queen of the Cow Counties"
5238:. Special Publication No. 9. San Francisco:
5022:. Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press.
4528:History of the Los Angeles Police Department
4501:History of Armenian Americans in Los Angeles
3808:, has been added that stretches from nearby
2885:in and closely around the area now known as
2502:
2288:of the Times in 1910. Two months later, the
2129:El Pueblo de Los Angeles Historical Monument
1611:, played a crucial role in its preservation.
1530:jury in 1874, and was hanged there in 1875.
860:El Pueblo de Los Ăngeles Historical Monument
373:began in 1781 when 44 settlers from central
7490:
7237:Deverell, William & Hise, Greg (2010).
6533:, vol. 90, no. 2, 2008, pp. 109â58. JSTOR,
6295:"The Los Angeles and Independence Railroad"
6203:
4923:
4828:
4801:Bogany, Julia (2008). Munro, Pamela (ed.).
4506:History of Iranian Americans in Los Angeles
4496:History of Chinese Americans in Los Angeles
4491:History of Mexican Americans in Los Angeles
3852:and a crackdown on Los Angeles-area gangs.
3558:opened the world's first theme park called
3383:, due to manpower industrial shortages and
1835:began to be utilized in 1874, initially as
953:. There were abundant wetlands and swamps.
913:, built in 1814 over the ruins of the 1784
8245:
8231:
7953:
7939:
7925:Changing Times: Los Angeles in Photographs
7781:Bibliography of the History of Los Angeles
7749:"QuickFacts: Los Angeles city, California"
7583:Wilkman, Jon & Wilkman, Nancy (2006).
7491:Ellis, Mark & Wright, Richard (1999).
6864:
6862:
6650:
6570:
6384:
6365:
6080:
5160:
5158:
5156:
5154:
5088:
5086:
4884:. Los Osos, California: Sand River Press.
4538:History of the San Fernando Valley to 1915
3242:was among the many builders that made the
2497:Los Angeles Garment Workers Strike of 1933
1481:Monterey Constitutional Convention of 1849
542:to the south. Their trade extended to the
455:By 3000 BCE, the area was occupied by the
355:
341:
8252:
7688:
6758:"City Swimming Pools Opened to All Races"
6735:. North Hollywood, California: BL Press.
6713:
6707:
6675:
6625:. December 26, 1910 – via ProQuest.
5903:
5743:
5378:(1966). "The Tongva of Tujunga to 1801".
5288:
4932:
4822:Indian Slave Trade Along the Mojave Trail
3690:landmark of 1929, was demolished in 1969.
2690:Los Angeles Department of Water and Power
2665:before emptying into the shallow, saline
1690:Farmers and Merchants Bank of Los Angeles
1299:, were brought to Alta California by the
1192:secularization of the California missions
7786:
6868:
6730:
6449:
6255:
6015:
5890:The Herald's History of Los Angeles City
5861:
5819:
5766:
5714:
5598:
5546:
5446:
5284:
5282:
5280:
5278:
5129:"The founder of the city of Los Angeles"
5067:
5061:
4981:
4979:
4977:
4975:
4973:
4951:
4859:
4849:
4719:
3767:
3677:
3620:
3537:
3533:
3480:
3442:
3355:
3225:
3178:
3114:
3068:
3005:
2942:
2871:
2856:
2783:
2762:
2698:
2603:
2548:
2506:
2475:, Chinese revolutionaries, the novelist
2429:
2361:
2319:
2266:
2232:
2191:
2180:were killed, fifteen of whom were later
2107:
2015:
1973:
1954:
1906:
1827:
1779:
1731:was instrumental in the creation of the
1723:
1678:
1602:
1570:
1566:
1532:
1467:
1415:
1344:
1305:
1208:
1148:
1090:
1019:
963:
904:
854:
793:
655:
619:
552:
8211:Central Los Angeles & Wilshire area
7960:
7355:Barrows v. Jackson, 346 U.S. 249 (1953)
7265:
7169:
7144:
7041:
7010:
7008:
7006:
6987:
6985:
6983:
6859:
6629:
6546:
6428:
6410:
6385:Harrington, Marie (September 5, 1976).
6339:
6232:
6016:Garrison, Jessica (November 26, 2006).
5980:
5886:
5855:
5838:
5762:
5760:
5750:History of Los Angeles County, Volume I
5681:
5481:
5317:
5151:
5083:
4985:
4834:
4615:California Digital Newspaper Collection
4518:History of Southern California freeways
2825:, which had opened in May, 1923 with a
2692:or LADWP), and J.B. Lippencott, of the
2255:Merchants and Manufacturers Association
2115:existed from the 1860s until the 1930s.
1962:was the main passenger station for the
1855:. It ran 21 miles (34 km) between
1708:deposits were typically trash pits and
1400:was in charge; he signed the so-called
651:
381:, as instructed by Spanish Governor of
14:
9318:
7892:Los Angeles: Past, Present, and Future
7641:
7462:
7430:
6887:
6881:
6833:
6827:
6684:
6009:
5986:
5572:
5540:
5440:
5390:
5374:
5368:
5311:
5255:Spanish City Planning in North America
5246:
5092:
4879:
4873:
4869:. Santa Barbara: Peregrine Publishers.
4800:
3856:Racially restrictive housing covenants
3310:needed to bomb the war machine of the
3169:LAX: Los Angeles International Airport
2208:in 1892, near the present location of
2147:Los Angelesâ former Red Light District
1751:. A 1996 archaeological excavation at
1283:Upon arriving in Los Angeles in 1831,
598:, which was located by the freshwater
8226:
7934:
7691:"October 1900: Population at 100,000"
7689:Garrigues, George (October 1, 1900).
7330:
7305:
7207:
7105:
7037:
7035:
6916:
6910:
6588:California Department of Conservation
6034:
5935:
5929:
5644:
5613:
5396:
5346:
5340:
5275:
5233:
5227:
5214:
5036:
4970:
4813:
4068:
4030:, making Los Angeles one of the more
3371:The war also lured a large number of
3093:, and two of the county supervisors.
3002:Civic corruption and police brutality
2304:The authorities indicted John F. and
2046:and a San Francisco syndicate led by
1941:Los Angeles and Independence Railroad
1847:, was inaugurated in October 1869 by
1737:University of California, Los Angeles
1411:
479:people called the Los Angeles region
450:
7921:about a range of Los Angeles history
7814:; see index at p. 409 for list.
7145:Pelisek, Christine (July 14, 2005).
7062:
7042:Sonksen, Mike (September 13, 2017).
7003:
6980:
6609:
6411:Queenan, Charles F. (May 10, 1992).
6340:Masters, Nathan (January 11, 2012).
6292:
6233:Masters, Nathan (January 17, 2013).
6226:
6157:
6075:http://www.jstor.org/stable/25617239
5970:The California Indians: A Sourcebook
5964:
5958:
5813:
5781:
5775:
5757:
5421:
5187:
5181:
5042:
4720:Abramsky, Sasha (December 3, 2021).
4054:to defeat the first election run by
3353:throughout the duration of the war.
2154:Los Angeles Chinese massacre of 1871
1913:Los Angeles & San Pedro Railroad
1845:Los Angeles & San Pedro Railroad
1755:in Downtown Los Angeles uncovered a
986:water system consisting of ditches (
7106:McCoy, Cameron (December 5, 2012).
6590:. December 31, 2007. Archived from
6482:
6293:Hoyt, Franklyn (December 1, 1950).
5643:"John Bidwell (Pioneer of '41)" in
5628:
5014:
5008:
4533:Los Angeles Fire Department History
3882:economically stable neighborhoods.
3236:California Shipbuilding Corporation
2924:were added in 1909 and the city of
2296:and Manufacturers Association. The
1452:California's new military governor
927:Upper Main and Marchessault streets
24:
7927:, UCLA Library Digital Collections
7777:Bibliography of California history
7032:
6869:Domanick, Joe (January 25, 1998).
6450:Marshall, Colin (April 25, 2016).
6235:"Lost Train Depots of Los Angeles"
6220:10.1111/j.1549-0831.2003.tb00147.x
5357:Journal of California Anthropology
4665:"Breckinridge to Visit California"
4585:Los Angeles mayoral election, 2005
4471:Bibliography of California history
3365:Japanese American internment camps
3351:Japanese-American internment camps
2038:began with horsecars (1874â1897),
1814:Early transportation and railroads
1787:was founded in 1870, as the first
1383:California had a military governor
630:Mission San Fernando Rey de España
309:Bibliography of California history
25:
18:History of Los Angeles, California
9337:
8294:Genocide of indigenous population
7883:
6960:Los Angeles International Airport
5862:Robinson, William Wilcox (1981).
5820:Robinson, William Wilcox (1966).
5771:. Los Angeles: Glen Dawson Press.
5767:Robinson, William Wilcox (1952).
5165:RĂos-Bustamante, Antonio (1992).
4835:Johnson, Bernice Eastman (1962).
3175:Los Angeles International Airport
3052:In 1937, the owner of downtown's
2779:
2694:United States Reclamation Service
2608:Workers assembling pipes for the
1479:, represented Los Angeles at the
900:
811:Antonio MarĂa de Bucareli y UrsĂșa
8338:Interim government of California
7741:
7715:
7682:
7664:
7635:
7605:
7576:
7533:
7484:
7463:Hirsch, Jerry (April 28, 2014).
7456:
7424:
7385:
7358:
7349:
7324:
7259:
7230:
7201:
7192:
7163:
6535:https://doi.org/10.2307/41172418
6429:Creason, Glen (April 29, 2015).
5887:Willard, Charles Dwight (1901).
5217:"Historic Houses of Los Angeles"
4722:"The Drought That May Never End"
4455:
4143:
4129:
4115:
4101:
4087:
3976:Economic and demographic changes
3668:Air Quality Management Districts
3612:Do You Know the Way to San Jose?
3526:in anticipation of the proposed
3391:, a longtime historian with the
2672:Sometime between 1899 and 1903,
2327:in 1900, viewed from modern-day
2253:in 1894 subsequently formed the
2187:
2103:
2036:Streetcar service in Los Angeles
1749:brothels occupied by prostitutes
1487:In 1848, the gold discovered in
694:for the support of the military
420:made the city world-famous, and
324:
54:
7826:California Historical Quarterly
7770:
7138:
7118:
7099:
7075:
7056:
6951:
6807:"Annexation and Detachment Map"
6799:
6777:
6749:
6731:Williams, Gregory Paul (2006).
6724:
6644:
6547:Wallace, Kelly (May 19, 2017).
6540:
6523:
6476:
6467:
6443:
6422:
6404:
6387:"A Golden Spike: The Beginning"
6378:
6359:
6333:
6286:
6249:
6197:
6158:Camp, Stacey (April 21, 2011).
6151:
6123:
6063:
6028:
5987:Mathes, Valerie Sherer (1997).
5897:
5880:
5832:
5737:
5708:
5675:
5648:The Journal of American History
5637:
5622:
5614:Quinn, Charles Russell (1973).
5607:
5599:Bancroft, Hubert Howe (1964) .
5592:
5576:(1972). "Lemuel Carpenter". In
5566:
5510:
5475:
5415:
5208:
5121:
5077:History of California, Volume I
4986:Estrada, William David (2008).
4945:
4898:
4838:California's Gabrielino Indians
4794:
3673:
3221:
2881:roughly 15 degrees east of the
2747:
2481:Industrial Workers of the World
2345:Industrial Workers of the World
1919:This put them in conflict with
1843:The city's first railroad, the
1733:Los Angeles State Normal School
1683:1887 aerial view of Los Angeles
1669:Industrial expansion and growth
1371:American conquest of California
1186:and John Rice opened the first
1025:Eulalia Pérez de Guillén Mariné
821:or garrison, at Santa Barbara.
7542:International Migration Review
7498:International Migration Review
7431:Fujita, Akiko (May 16, 2014).
7214:University of California Press
7063:Kopf, Dan (January 28, 2016).
6894:University of New Mexico Press
6256:Thompson, Gregory Lee (1993).
5974:University of California Press
5839:Cleland, Robert Glass (1922).
5682:Gaughan, Tim (June 19, 2009).
5397:Mason, William Marvin (1978).
5347:Mason, William Marvin (1975).
5295:Johns Hopkins University Press
5043:Cruz, Gilberto Rafael (1988).
4766:
4741:
4713:
4693:
4683:"Overland MailâSouthern Route"
4675:
4657:
4639:
4621:
4597:
3604:Federal Housing Administration
3363:being forcibly removed to the
2853:Annexations and consolidations
2676:and his son-in-law successor,
1675:Victorian Downtown Los Angeles
1222:Mexican governor of California
1177:Secularization of the missions
1144:
609:
13:
1:
7131:The Christian Science Monitor
6765:. June 26, 1931. p. A1.
6636:"Rioters Must Face the Law".
6531:Southern California Quarterly
5240:California Historical Society
4590:
3860:Racially restrictive housing
3260:Los Angeles metropolitan area
3047:Los Angeles Police Department
3027:Los Angeles Police Department
2904:In 1906, the approval of the
2823:Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum
2790:Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum
2558:
2479:, "Wobblies" (members of the
1999:Lyons Station Stagecoach Stop
1770:Mrs. Winslow's soothing syrup
1729:Reginaldo Francisco del Valle
1369:started, soon leading to the
781:
671:to found Los Angeles in 1781.
7083:"The Second Great Migration"
6714:Goodridge, James D. (1997).
5993:University of Oklahoma Press
5404:Journal of San Diego History
5257:. Cambridge, Massachusetts:
5188:Pool, Bob (March 26, 2005).
3884:The Janss Investment Company
3375:from the rural impoverished
2758:
2391:United States Bill of Rights
2281:American Federation of Labor
1874:) in 1885. The Santa Fe and
1872:California Southern Railroad
1661:also survived. in 2006, the
1326:and San Francisco. By 1849,
707:Governor de Neve identified
389:, and authorized by Viceroy
7:
7696:Los Angeles Evening Express
7621:United States Census Bureau
7269:Journal of Planning History
7093:The New York Public Library
6266:Ohio State University Press
5936:Villa, RaĂșl Homero (2000).
5522:Santa Monica Public Library
4841:. Los Angeles, California:
4448:
4422:
4411:
4400:
4389:
4378:
4367:
4356:
4345:
4334:
4323:
4312:
4301:
4290:
4279:
4268:
4257:
4246:
4235:
4224:
4213:
4202:
4191:
4180:
4169:
4034:city in the United States.
3186:was the first structure at
2801:Swimming pool desegregation
2257:(M & M) to support the
1894:, founder and owner of the
1824:River Station (Los Angeles)
1406:Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
1359:U.S. conquest of California
1341:U.S. Conquest of California
1182:river was rebuilt. In 1827
1155:Spanish and Mexican ranchos
984:The first settlers built a
803:Los Angeles Central Library
799:The Founding of Los Angeles
665:Governor of the Californias
648:arrived on August 2, 1769.
418:Its motion picture industry
314:Bibliography of Los Angeles
76:Province of Las Californias
10:
9342:
7774:
7443:Public Radio International
7239:A Companion to Los Angeles
6557:Los Angeles Public Library
5972:(2nd ed.). Berkeley:
4952:McCawley, William (1996).
4939:University of Pennsylvania
3172:
3075:Los Angeles Public Library
2866:St. Vincent de Paul Church
2862:California Churrigueresque
2751:
2612:in 1912, built during the
2237:At the same time that the
2214:Los Angeles City Oil Field
2119:First built in the 1860s,
1817:
1735:in 1882, which became the
1672:
1589:Constitution of California
1477:Constitution of California
1259:, Captain Alexander Bell,
1200:grant of over 33,000-acres
787:
613:
8830:
8527:
8511:
8474:
8421:
8363:
8264:
8260:
8150:
8065:
7972:
7394:Currid-Halkett, Elizabeth
7186:10.1525/phr.2017.86.1.153
7173:Pacific Historical Review
6691:Farrar, Straus and Giroux
6501:10.1525/phr.2018.87.3.439
6489:Pacific Historical Review
6176:10.1007/s10761-011-0142-1
5942:University of Texas Press
5923:10.1525/phr.2005.74.4.603
5910:Pacific Historical Review
5799:10.1017/S096392680600407X
5715:Foucrier, Annick (1999).
5289:Gumprecht, Blake (1999).
4992:University of Texas Press
4880:Miller, Bruce W. (1991).
4605:"The Overland Emigration"
4038:voters in November 2002.
4032:socioeconomically divided
3846:murder of Stephanie Kuhen
3724:First Interstate Building
3515:Santa Barbara, California
3438:South Central Los Angeles
3200:Hollywood Burbank Airport
3089:, the District Attorney,
2940:was annexed to the city.
2835:USC Trojans football team
2503:Flooding and water supply
1964:Southern Pacific Railroad
1927:and one of California's "
1833:Streetcars in Los Angeles
1561:County Roscommon, Ireland
1524:Santa Clarita, California
1351:Battle of RĂo San Gabriel
1220:, who served as the last
915:Asistencia de Los Ăngeles
826:Fernando Rivera y Moncada
690:and decided to establish
391:Antonio MarĂa de Bucareli
7914:LA as Subject (KCET.org)
7902:Los Angeles in the 1900s
7587:. Salt Lake City, Utah:
7410:10.1177/0042098010392080
7282:10.1177/1538513216676191
6659:Indiana University Press
5584:. Glendale, California:
4933:Kealhofer, Lisa (1991).
4701:"His Nose was Scratched"
4558:History of Beverly Hills
3951:(Native Americans) from
3800:, among others. Also, a
3272:Douglas Aircraft Company
3102:voted Shaw out of office
3045:was selling jobs in the
2754:Los Angeles in the 1920s
2661:. It flowed through the
2468:Partido Liberal Mexicano
2056:Pacific Electric Railway
1925:Southern Pacific Company
1870:(through its subsidiary
1550:during the same period.
1115:The construction on the
774:, on the great plain of
502:rivers and the southern
459:-speaking people of the
8254:History of California
8102:Other elected officials
7799:EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica
6537:. Accessed 17 May 2023.
6077:. Accessed 18 May 2023.
5586:Arthur H. Clark Company
5424:Yesterday's Los Angeles
5324:Oxford University Press
5234:Layne, J.Gregg (1935).
4647:"From the Texan Border"
4548:History of Santa Monica
4486:Timeline of Los Angeles
3393:Smithsonian Institution
3343:Western Defense Command
3264:Hughes Aircraft Company
3073:The Central Library of
3036:In 1933, the new mayor
2817:Los Angeles hosted the
2669:, where it evaporated.
2595:Army Corps of Engineers
2264:s anti-union campaign.
2218:Beverly Hills Oil Field
1991:Newhall railroad tunnel
1966:, from 1888 until 1914.
1904:using federal dollars.
1428:in 1847, by Californio
1240:region's leading city.
1074:. His party visited the
1068:Conejo-Calabasas region
813:and Commandant General
638:Juan RodrĂguez Cabrillo
560:was the most prominent
9326:History of Los Angeles
8333:Conquest of California
8181:Greater Hollywood
7817:Lotchin, Roger W. ed.
7392:Williams, Sarah &
6816:. 2005. Archived from
6089:Historical Archaeology
6071:Historical Archaeology
5745:McGroarty, John Steven
5524:. 1875. Archived from
4476:American urban history
3773:
3691:
3634:
3550:
3511:bombardment of Ellwood
3498:
3463:
3454:) being beaten by the
3368:
3327:attack on Pearl Harbor
3251:
3191:
3126:In 1950, he appointed
3123:
3078:
3067:
3014:
2959:real estate, used his
2951:
2897:to the north, and the
2877:
2869:
2797:
2772:
2708:
2617:
2576:Verdugo Hills Cemetery
2562:
2515:
2450:
2374:
2332:
2276:
2204:Oil was discovered by
2201:
2116:
2040:cable cars (1885â1902)
2024:
1986:
1967:
1916:
1840:
1792:
1740:
1712:from the brothels and
1684:
1612:
1583:
1542:
1484:
1441:
1438:Conquest of California
1387:Archibald H. Gillespie
1362:
1311:
1281:
1225:
1162:
1129:In 1820, the route of
1108:
1089:
1028:
981:
978:Zanjero of Los Angeles
918:
895:Our Lady of the Angels
867:
805:
790:Los Angeles Pobladores
672:
633:
565:
91:Conquest of California
8494:Santa Catalina Island
8466:Territorial evolution
7642:Buntin, John (2009).
7585:Picturing Los Angeles
7159:on February 11, 2009.
7021:National Park Service
6795:on November 28, 2004.
6773:– via ProQuest.
6687:The Control of Nature
6483:Gow, William (2018).
5849:The Macmillan Company
5422:Dash, Norman (1976).
5215:Guinn, J. M. (1897).
5204:– via ProQuest.
5069:Bancroft, Hubert Howe
4580:California Water Wars
4575:Battle of Los Angeles
4563:History of Long Beach
3828:. The funding of the
3771:
3681:
3624:
3610:", "San Francisco", "
3549:in Downtown LA, 1953.
3541:
3534:Postwar: Baby boomers
3507:Battle of Los Angeles
3487:Battle of Los Angeles
3484:
3446:
3359:
3335:Franklin D. Roosevelt
3229:
3208:Grand Central Airport
3182:
3118:
3091:Judge Fletcher Bowron
3072:
3062:
3011:Los Angeles City Hall
3009:
2946:
2875:
2860:
2787:
2766:
2752:Further information:
2705:Silver Lake Reservoir
2702:
2614:California Water Wars
2607:
2582:, killing 13 people.
2567:San Gabriel Mountains
2553:Los Angeles River at
2552:
2510:
2433:
2365:
2323:
2270:
2233:Early labor movements
2195:
2111:
2019:
1977:
1958:
1910:
1831:
1783:
1727:
1682:
1606:
1574:
1567:Plight of the Indians
1536:
1471:
1419:
1394:Battle of Los Angeles
1348:
1309:
1249:
1212:
1152:
1094:
1084:
1023:
967:
908:
858:
844:According to Croix's
797:
778:on 29 November 1777.
770:, California's first
768:San Jose de Guadalupe
659:
623:
616:Pueblo de Los Angeles
614:Further information:
572:, a creator god, and
556:
534:to the east, and the
331:California portal
286:Santa Catalina Island
8316:MexicanâAmerican War
8301:Spanish colonization
7828:54.1 (1975): 37-56.
7703:on February 22, 2008
7331:Sides, Josh (2003).
7306:Avila, Eric (2004).
7208:Avila, Eric (2004).
6947:on November 1, 2015.
6933:. pp. 154â180.
6917:Davis, Mike (1999).
6888:Sitton, Tom (2005).
6661:. pp. 408â410.
6640:. December 28, 1913.
5991:. Norman, Oklahoma:
5692:. Napa, California:
5689:Napa Valley Register
5326:. pp. 242â243.
5139:on December 14, 2018
4629:"News by the Goliah"
3572:its first theme park
3566:. Nine years later,
3397:South Central states
3385:Executive Order 8802
3339:Executive Order 9066
3284:Lockheed Corporation
3268:Northrop Corporation
2819:1932 Summer Olympics
2794:1932 Summer Olympics
2742:Los Angeles Aqueduct
2610:Los Angeles Aqueduct
2459:Ricardo Flores MagĂłn
2439:Enrique Flores MagĂłn
2436:Ricardo Flores MagĂłn
2290:Llewellyn Iron Works
2227:Wilmington Oil Field
1921:Collis P. Huntington
1367:MexicanâAmerican War
1271:; also of Mexicans,
1137:to the east side of
864:Plaza de Los Ăngeles
652:Plans for the pueblo
564:village in the area.
469:Uto-Aztecan language
461:Milling Stone Period
379:Downtown Los Angeles
101:California Gold Rush
8519:San Fernando Valley
8489:San Fernando Valley
8328:California Republic
8196:San Fernando Valley
7793:"Los Angeles"
7729:. AP. April 8, 1984
7676:Los Angeles Almanac
7631:on October 4, 2015.
6999:. January 20, 2019.
6814:City of Los Angeles
5851:. pp. 303â322.
5574:Wilson, Iris Higbie
5528:on October 12, 2013
4553:History of Glendale
4543:Port of Los Angeles
4150:Los Angeles in 1973
4136:Los Angeles c. 1930
4122:Los Angeles in 1905
4108:Los Angeles in 1877
4094:Los Angeles c. 1847
3988:CBS Television City
3835:Hollywood Boulevard
3644:San Fernando Valley
3608:California Dreamin'
3429:housing segregation
3278:(later merged into
3246:one of the largest
3244:Port of Los Angeles
3188:Los Angeles Airport
3149:of 1992, after the
3145:of 1965 and in the
3054:Clifton's Cafeteria
3019:criminal underworld
2957:San Fernando Valley
2906:Port of Los Angeles
2682:San Fernando Valley
2528:San Fernando Valley
2294:Chamber of Commerce
2222:Salt Lake Oil Field
2052:Los Angeles Railway
1923:, president of the
1580:San Fernando Valley
1204:Francisco SepĂșlveda
1112:and MarĂa Dolores.
1072:San Fernando Valley
1033:San Gabriel Mission
893:", or "the town of
281:San Fernando Valley
96:Interim governments
86:California Republic
8343:United States rule
8289:Later explorations
8284:First explorations
8274:Native Californian
7753:U.S. Census Bureau
7727:The New York Times
7147:"Avenues of Death"
6964:Arcadia Publishing
6962:. Charleston, SC:
6823:on March 26, 2009.
6101:10.1007/BF03376680
6037:California History
5966:Cook, Sherburne F.
5905:Monkkonen, Eric H.
5826:Dawson's Book Shop
4706:Los Angeles Herald
4463:Los Angeles portal
4069:Population history
3960:Shelley V. Kraemer
3774:
3692:
3635:
3551:
3499:
3464:
3369:
3361:Japanese Americans
3316:Los Angeles County
3252:
3192:
3124:
3120:Paramount Pictures
3083:Intelligence Squad
3079:
3065:in the underworld.
3015:
2952:
2878:
2870:
2842:Griffith Park Fire
2798:
2773:
2723:By July 1905, the
2709:
2686:William Mulholland
2674:Harrison Gray Otis
2663:Owens River Valley
2618:
2563:
2516:
2451:
2375:
2333:
2277:
2202:
2178:Chinese immigrants
2166:Hispanic Americans
2117:
2025:
1987:
1968:
1917:
1892:Harrison Gray Otis
1841:
1793:
1757:red light district
1741:
1685:
1617:Helen Hunt Jackson
1613:
1584:
1557:John Gately Downey
1543:
1485:
1475:, a signer of the
1442:
1422:Treaty of Cahuenga
1412:Early American era
1402:Treaty of Cahuenga
1375:Robert F. Stockton
1363:
1312:
1269:David W. Alexander
1226:
1173:tripled to 1,680.
1163:
1159:Los Angeles County
1135:San Joaquin Valley
1109:
1047:In 1787, Governor
1031:During the 1780s,
1029:
982:
919:
868:
806:
759:) and residences (
717:Laws of the Indies
682:In 1777, Governor
673:
646:PortolĂĄ expedition
642:SebastiĂĄn VizcaĂno
634:
566:
451:Indigenous history
9313:
9312:
8507:
8506:
8388:Industrial growth
8220:
8219:
7850:978-0-19501-644-4
7657:978-0-307-35207-1
7598:978-1-58685-733-2
7470:Los Angeles Times
7404:(14): 3043â3066.
7342:978-0-52023-841-1
7317:978-1-41754-496-7
7252:978-1-40517-127-4
7223:978-1-41754-496-7
7028:on April 5, 2021.
6973:978-0-73855-582-9
6940:978-0-80909-607-7
6903:978-0-82633-527-2
6875:Los Angeles Times
6852:978-0-38550-970-1
6841:. New York City:
6763:Los Angeles Times
6742:978-0-97762-990-9
6700:978-0-37412-890-6
6638:Los Angeles Times
6623:Los Angeles Times
6597:on April 12, 2019
6416:Los Angeles Times
6279:978-0-81420-609-6
6022:Los Angeles Times
6002:978-0-58519-405-9
5951:978-0-29278-742-1
5940:. Austin, Texas:
5873:978-0-87701-242-9
5847:. New York City:
5730:978-2-70112-638-8
5588:. pp. 33â40.
5559:978-0-52021-273-2
5433:978-0-91245-870-0
5333:978-0-19515-600-3
5322:. New York City:
5304:978-0-80186-047-8
5293:. Baltimore, MD:
5268:978-0-26203-081-6
5194:Los Angeles Times
5133:Turismo Bailén.es
5054:978-0-89096-314-2
5029:978-0-29274-714-2
5001:978-0-29271-754-1
4990:. Austin, Texas:
4963:978-0-96510-161-5
4891:978-0-94462-790-7
4856:Boscana, GerĂłnimo
4780:Los Angeles Times
4523:Los Angeles Times
4434:
4433:
4013:majority minority
3996:Beverly Boulevard
3990:at the corner of
3941:South Los Angeles
3872:Mexican Americans
3763:urban development
3696:Bel-AirâBrentwood
3568:Universal Studios
3472:Mexican-Americans
3448:Mexican Americans
3373:African Americans
3323:Japanese-American
3288:strategic bombers
3147:Los Angeles riots
3128:William H. Parker
2961:Los Angeles Times
2899:South Los Angeles
2831:Olympic Boulevard
2623:Mississippi River
2580:Big Tujunga Creek
2520:Los Angeles River
2512:Los Angeles River
2353:Los Angeles Times
2306:James B. McNamara
2239:Los Angeles Times
2078:, even as far as
2048:Isaias W. Hellman
2030:Free Harbor Fight
1983:San Fernando Pass
1950:Free Harbor Fight
1897:Los Angeles Times
1859:and Los Angeles.
1837:horse-drawn trams
1694:Isaias W. Hellman
1663:Los Angeles Times
1436:, ended the U.S.
1426:Campo de Cahuenga
1377:, accompanied by
1365:In May 1846, the
1289:Los Angeles River
1285:Jean-Louis Vignes
1261:William Wolfskill
1139:San Francisco Bay
961:swam the rivers.
947:Los Angeles River
604:Los Angeles River
526:to the west, the
488:Los Angeles basin
395:Santa Fe railroad
365:
364:
16:(Redirected from
9333:
8975:Rancho Cucamonga
8950:Huntington Beach
8403:Legal revolution
8311:California Trail
8262:
8261:
8247:
8240:
8233:
8224:
8223:
8161:Crescenta Valley
7955:
7948:
7941:
7932:
7931:
7803:
7795:
7764:
7763:
7761:
7759:
7745:
7739:
7738:
7736:
7734:
7719:
7713:
7712:
7710:
7708:
7699:. Archived from
7686:
7680:
7679:
7668:
7662:
7661:
7639:
7633:
7632:
7630:
7624:. Archived from
7617:
7609:
7603:
7602:
7580:
7574:
7573:
7537:
7531:
7530:
7488:
7482:
7481:
7479:
7477:
7460:
7454:
7453:
7451:
7449:
7428:
7422:
7421:
7389:
7383:
7382:
7371:RAND Corporation
7362:
7356:
7353:
7347:
7346:
7328:
7322:
7321:
7303:
7294:
7293:
7263:
7257:
7256:
7234:
7228:
7227:
7205:
7199:
7196:
7190:
7189:
7167:
7161:
7160:
7155:. Archived from
7142:
7136:
7135:
7122:
7116:
7115:
7103:
7097:
7096:
7079:
7073:
7072:
7060:
7054:
7053:
7039:
7030:
7029:
7024:. Archived from
7012:
7001:
7000:
6989:
6978:
6977:
6955:
6949:
6948:
6943:. Archived from
6914:
6908:
6907:
6885:
6879:
6878:
6866:
6857:
6856:
6831:
6825:
6824:
6822:
6811:
6803:
6797:
6796:
6791:. Archived from
6781:
6775:
6774:
6760:
6753:
6747:
6746:
6728:
6722:
6721:
6711:
6705:
6704:
6682:
6673:
6672:
6648:
6642:
6641:
6633:
6627:
6626:
6620:
6613:
6607:
6606:
6604:
6602:
6596:
6585:
6577:
6568:
6567:
6565:
6563:
6544:
6538:
6527:
6521:
6520:
6480:
6474:
6471:
6465:
6464:
6447:
6441:
6440:
6426:
6420:
6419:
6408:
6402:
6401:
6399:
6397:
6382:
6376:
6375:
6363:
6357:
6356:
6354:
6352:
6337:
6331:
6330:
6311:10.2307/41168274
6290:
6284:
6283:
6263:
6253:
6247:
6246:
6244:
6242:
6230:
6224:
6223:
6201:
6195:
6194:
6192:
6190:
6155:
6149:
6148:
6146:
6144:
6127:
6121:
6120:
6084:
6078:
6067:
6061:
6060:
6049:10.2307/23052268
6032:
6026:
6025:
6013:
6007:
6006:
5984:
5978:
5977:
5962:
5956:
5955:
5933:
5927:
5926:
5901:
5895:
5894:
5884:
5878:
5877:
5859:
5853:
5852:
5836:
5830:
5829:
5817:
5811:
5810:
5779:
5773:
5772:
5764:
5755:
5754:
5741:
5735:
5734:
5712:
5706:
5705:
5703:
5701:
5679:
5673:
5672:
5641:
5635:
5634:
5626:
5620:
5619:
5611:
5605:
5604:
5596:
5590:
5589:
5570:
5564:
5563:
5544:
5538:
5537:
5535:
5533:
5514:
5508:
5507:
5496:10.2307/41168008
5479:
5473:
5472:
5461:10.2307/41169490
5444:
5438:
5437:
5419:
5413:
5412:
5394:
5388:
5387:
5372:
5366:
5365:
5353:
5344:
5338:
5337:
5315:
5309:
5308:
5286:
5273:
5272:
5250:
5244:
5243:
5231:
5225:
5224:
5212:
5206:
5205:
5185:
5179:
5178:
5162:
5149:
5148:
5146:
5144:
5135:. Archived from
5125:
5119:
5118:
5107:10.2307/25157662
5090:
5081:
5080:
5065:
5059:
5058:
5040:
5034:
5033:
5012:
5006:
5005:
4983:
4968:
4967:
4949:
4943:
4942:
4930:
4921:
4920:
4918:
4916:
4902:
4896:
4895:
4877:
4871:
4870:
4861:Robinson, Alfred
4853:
4847:
4846:
4843:Southwest Museum
4832:
4826:
4825:
4817:
4811:
4810:
4798:
4792:
4791:
4789:
4787:
4770:
4764:
4763:
4761:
4759:
4745:
4739:
4738:
4736:
4734:
4717:
4711:
4710:
4697:
4691:
4690:
4687:Los Angeles Star
4679:
4673:
4672:
4669:Los Angeles Star
4661:
4655:
4654:
4651:Los Angeles Star
4643:
4637:
4636:
4633:Los Angeles Star
4625:
4619:
4618:
4610:Los Angeles Star
4601:
4465:
4460:
4459:
4458:
4157:
4156:
4147:
4133:
4119:
4105:
4091:
4000:20th Century Fox
3943:. In the 1930s,
3913:Westside Village
3740:20th Century Fox
3734:(now called the
3631:Ambassador Hotel
3616:Hotel California
3574:with the public
3543:Circus elephants
3503:American Theater
3292:fighter aircraft
3190:, built in 1929.
3136:police brutality
3098:Harry J. Raymond
3087:Carey McWilliams
3058:Clifford Clinton
2868:, built in 1925.
2827:seating capacity
2599:catchment basins
2560:
2544:Santa Monica Bay
2542:to discharge in
2514:flooding in 1903
2461:and his brother
2263:
2206:Edward L. Doheny
2196:Oil wells along
2134:Chinese ceramics
2044:Henry Huntington
1876:Southern Pacific
1657:Remarkably, the
1520:Tiburcio Vasquez
1473:Manuel DomĂnguez
1454:Bennett C. Riley
1275:(governor), Don
1265:Lemuel Carpenter
1196:Mexican Congress
815:Teodoro de Croix
600:artesian aquifer
506:, including the
483:in that tongue.
357:
350:
343:
329:
328:
327:
58:
47:
29:
28:
21:
9341:
9340:
9336:
9335:
9334:
9332:
9331:
9330:
9316:
9315:
9314:
9309:
9195:San Luis Obispo
8826:
8732:San Luis Obispo
8523:
8503:
8470:
8417:
8393:Postwar culture
8359:
8256:
8251:
8221:
8216:
8215:
8146:
8117:Fire Department
8061:
7968:
7959:
7886:
7783:
7775:Main articles:
7773:
7768:
7767:
7757:
7755:
7747:
7746:
7742:
7732:
7730:
7721:
7720:
7716:
7706:
7704:
7687:
7683:
7670:
7669:
7665:
7658:
7640:
7636:
7628:
7615:
7611:
7610:
7606:
7599:
7581:
7577:
7554:10.2307/2547320
7538:
7534:
7511:10.2307/2547321
7489:
7485:
7475:
7473:
7461:
7457:
7447:
7445:
7429:
7425:
7390:
7386:
7363:
7359:
7354:
7350:
7343:
7329:
7325:
7318:
7304:
7297:
7264:
7260:
7253:
7243:Wiley-Blackwell
7235:
7231:
7224:
7206:
7202:
7197:
7193:
7168:
7164:
7143:
7139:
7124:
7123:
7119:
7104:
7100:
7081:
7080:
7076:
7061:
7057:
7040:
7033:
7014:
7013:
7004:
6991:
6990:
6981:
6974:
6956:
6952:
6941:
6931:Hill & Wang
6923:Sorkin, Michael
6915:
6911:
6904:
6892:. Albuquerque:
6886:
6882:
6867:
6860:
6853:
6835:Rayner, Richard
6832:
6828:
6820:
6809:
6805:
6804:
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6338:
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6291:
6287:
6280:
6254:
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6238:
6231:
6227:
6207:Rural Sociology
6202:
6198:
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6156:
6152:
6142:
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6128:
6124:
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5952:
5934:
5930:
5902:
5898:
5885:
5881:
5874:
5860:
5856:
5837:
5833:
5824:. Los Angeles:
5818:
5814:
5780:
5776:
5765:
5758:
5742:
5738:
5731:
5713:
5709:
5699:
5697:
5694:Lee Enterprises
5680:
5676:
5661:10.2307/3092332
5642:
5638:
5631:American Memory
5627:
5623:
5612:
5608:
5597:
5593:
5578:Hafen, LeRoy R.
5571:
5567:
5560:
5545:
5541:
5531:
5529:
5516:
5515:
5511:
5480:
5476:
5445:
5441:
5434:
5420:
5416:
5395:
5391:
5376:Forbes, Jack D.
5373:
5369:
5351:
5345:
5341:
5334:
5316:
5312:
5305:
5287:
5276:
5269:
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4120:
4111:
4110:
4109:
4106:
4097:
4096:
4095:
4092:
4071:
4065:
4060:Hollywood Hills
3978:
3858:
3736:U.S. Bank Tower
3684:Richfield Tower
3676:
3536:
3468:Zoot Suit Riots
3460:Zoot Suit Riots
3456:U.S. servicemen
3421:Terminal Island
3381:Great Migration
3377:Southern states
3276:Vultee Aircraft
3250:in the country.
3240:Terminal Island
3224:
3177:
3171:
3155:Rampart scandal
3106:Earl E. Kynette
3043:mayor's brother
3013:, built in 1928
3004:
2855:
2815:Summer Olympics
2809:Exposition Park
2788:Built in 1923,
2782:
2761:
2756:
2750:
2737:Act of Congress
2633:qualified as a
2505:
2400:American Legion
2329:Pershing Square
2310:Clarence Darrow
2261:
2235:
2190:
2158:racial massacre
2136:, Asian coins,
2106:
2023:harbor in 1899.
2011:Charles Crocker
1868:Santa Fe system
1864:Central Pacific
1853:Phineas Banning
1826:
1816:
1714:boarding houses
1677:
1671:
1609:Tongva language
1569:
1539:Spanish leagues
1434:John C. Frémont
1414:
1379:John C. Frémont
1343:
1297:Mission variety
1184:Jonathan Temple
1179:
1147:
1131:El Camino Viejo
1105:Francisco Ăvila
1002:San Luis Obispo
955:Steelhead trout
939:Spanish leagues
903:
792:
786:
719:promulgated by
688:Alta California
654:
618:
612:
504:Channel Islands
494:drained by the
453:
405:from the Lower
383:Las Californias
369:The history of
361:
325:
323:
318:
295:
262:
167:
81:Alta California
53:
45:
38:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
9339:
9329:
9328:
9311:
9310:
9308:
9307:
9302:
9297:
9292:
9287:
9282:
9277:
9272:
9267:
9262:
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9247:
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9232:
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9207:
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9177:
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9127:
9122:
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9112:
9107:
9102:
9097:
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9087:
9082:
9077:
9072:
9067:
9062:
9057:
9052:
9047:
9042:
9037:
9032:
9027:
9022:
9017:
9012:
9007:
9002:
8997:
8992:
8987:
8982:
8977:
8972:
8967:
8962:
8957:
8952:
8947:
8942:
8937:
8932:
8927:
8922:
8920:San Bernardino
8917:
8912:
8907:
8902:
8897:
8892:
8887:
8882:
8877:
8872:
8867:
8862:
8857:
8852:
8847:
8842:
8836:
8834:
8828:
8827:
8825:
8824:
8819:
8814:
8809:
8804:
8799:
8794:
8789:
8784:
8779:
8774:
8769:
8764:
8759:
8754:
8749:
8744:
8739:
8734:
8729:
8724:
8719:
8714:
8712:San Bernardino
8709:
8704:
8699:
8694:
8689:
8684:
8679:
8674:
8669:
8664:
8659:
8654:
8649:
8644:
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8629:
8624:
8619:
8614:
8609:
8604:
8599:
8594:
8589:
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8569:
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8554:
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8496:
8491:
8486:
8480:
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8472:
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8469:
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8463:
8458:
8453:
8448:
8443:
8438:
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8427:
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8415:
8410:
8405:
8400:
8395:
8390:
8385:
8380:
8375:
8369:
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8361:
8360:
8358:
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8335:
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8320:
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8318:
8313:
8303:
8298:
8297:
8296:
8291:
8286:
8281:
8270:
8268:
8258:
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8250:
8249:
8242:
8235:
8227:
8218:
8217:
8214:
8213:
8208:
8203:
8198:
8193:
8188:
8183:
8178:
8173:
8168:
8163:
8158:
8152:
8151:
8148:
8147:
8145:
8144:
8142:Transportation
8139:
8134:
8129:
8127:Public schools
8124:
8119:
8114:
8109:
8104:
8099:
8098:
8097:
8095:Common Council
8092:
8082:
8077:
8071:
8069:
8063:
8062:
8060:
8059:
8054:
8049:
8047:Notable people
8044:
8039:
8034:
8029:
8024:
8019:
8014:
8012:Historic sites
8009:
8004:
7999:
7997:Transportation
7994:
7993:
7992:
7987:
7976:
7974:
7970:
7969:
7958:
7957:
7950:
7943:
7935:
7929:
7928:
7922:
7916:
7911:
7906:
7897:
7896:
7885:
7884:External links
7882:
7881:
7880:
7879:
7878:
7865:
7852:
7832:
7822:
7815:
7804:
7790:, ed. (1911).
7788:Chisholm, Hugh
7772:
7769:
7766:
7765:
7740:
7714:
7681:
7663:
7656:
7648:Broadway Books
7634:
7604:
7597:
7575:
7532:
7483:
7455:
7423:
7384:
7379:10.7249/RB7510
7357:
7348:
7341:
7323:
7316:
7295:
7276:(4): 305â322.
7258:
7251:
7245:. p. 57.
7241:. Malden, MA:
7229:
7222:
7216:. p. 40.
7200:
7191:
7180:(1): 153â170.
7162:
7137:
7117:
7098:
7074:
7055:
7031:
7002:
6979:
6972:
6950:
6939:
6909:
6902:
6880:
6877:. p. M-6.
6858:
6851:
6826:
6798:
6789:ValleyVote.net
6776:
6748:
6741:
6723:
6706:
6699:
6674:
6667:
6643:
6628:
6608:
6569:
6539:
6522:
6495:(3): 439â472.
6475:
6466:
6442:
6421:
6403:
6377:
6358:
6332:
6305:(4): 293â308.
6285:
6278:
6248:
6225:
6214:(4): 467â490.
6196:
6170:(3): 279â297.
6150:
6122:
6095:(1): 107â125.
6079:
6062:
6027:
6008:
6001:
5979:
5957:
5950:
5928:
5917:(4): 603â618.
5896:
5879:
5872:
5854:
5831:
5812:
5793:(3): 457â483.
5774:
5756:
5747:, ed. (1923).
5736:
5729:
5707:
5674:
5655:(2): 737â738.
5636:
5621:
5606:
5591:
5565:
5558:
5539:
5509:
5474:
5455:(4): 360â417.
5439:
5432:
5414:
5389:
5367:
5339:
5332:
5310:
5303:
5274:
5267:
5245:
5226:
5207:
5180:
5150:
5120:
5101:(4): 326â339.
5082:
5060:
5053:
5035:
5028:
5007:
5000:
4969:
4962:
4944:
4922:
4897:
4890:
4882:The Gabrielino
4872:
4848:
4827:
4812:
4793:
4765:
4740:
4712:
4692:
4674:
4656:
4638:
4620:
4595:
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4260:
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4230:
4227:
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4208:
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4149:
4142:
4141:
4140:
4135:
4128:
4127:
4126:
4121:
4114:
4113:
4112:
4107:
4100:
4099:
4098:
4093:
4086:
4085:
4084:
4083:
4082:
4070:
4067:
3992:Fairfax Avenue
3977:
3974:
3969:Proposition 14
3965:14th amendment
3919:among others.
3867:non-Caucasians
3857:
3854:
3818:San Bernardino
3759:revitalization
3712:Topanga Canyon
3675:
3672:
3627:Cocoanut Grove
3580:Universal City
3535:
3532:
3282:in 1943), and
3223:
3220:
3173:Main article:
3170:
3167:
3159:consent decree
3003:
3000:
2965:Palms district
2914:Harbor Gateway
2854:
2851:
2781:
2780:Notable events
2778:
2769:Hollywood Sign
2760:
2757:
2749:
2746:
2720:in the world.
2678:Harry Chandler
2635:Superfund site
2504:
2501:
2477:Upton Sinclair
2412:Louis B. Mayer
2408:Upton Sinclair
2387:Upton Sinclair
2357:LAPD Red Squad
2251:Pullman strike
2247:open shop town
2234:
2231:
2210:Dodger Stadium
2189:
2186:
2145:, the site of
2143:Alameda Street
2105:
2102:
2084:San Bernardino
2007:Tehachapi Pass
1981:, carved into
1849:John G. Downey
1815:
1812:
1785:Merced Theatre
1670:
1667:
1652:Warner Springs
1568:
1565:
1413:
1410:
1342:
1339:
1279:, and others.
1178:
1175:
1146:
1143:
923:original Plaza
902:
901:Spanish pueblo
899:
788:Main article:
785:
780:
721:King Philip II
684:Felipe de Neve
661:Felipe de Neve
653:
650:
611:
608:
584:hallucinogenic
544:Colorado River
516:Santa Catalina
452:
449:
445:water security
387:Felipe de Neve
363:
362:
360:
359:
352:
345:
337:
334:
333:
320:
319:
317:
316:
311:
305:
302:
301:
300:Bibliographies
297:
296:
294:
293:
288:
283:
278:
272:
269:
268:
264:
263:
261:
260:
255:
250:
245:
240:
235:
230:
228:San Bernardino
225:
220:
215:
210:
205:
200:
195:
190:
185:
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176:
175:
169:
168:
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65:
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60:
59:
50:
49:
40:
39:
32:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9338:
9327:
9324:
9323:
9321:
9306:
9303:
9301:
9298:
9296:
9293:
9291:
9288:
9286:
9283:
9281:
9278:
9276:
9273:
9271:
9270:Crescent City
9268:
9266:
9263:
9261:
9258:
9256:
9253:
9251:
9248:
9246:
9243:
9241:
9238:
9236:
9233:
9231:
9228:
9226:
9223:
9221:
9218:
9216:
9213:
9211:
9208:
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9203:
9201:
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9191:
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9183:
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9178:
9176:
9173:
9171:
9168:
9166:
9163:
9161:
9158:
9156:
9153:
9151:
9148:
9146:
9143:
9141:
9140:Santa Barbara
9138:
9136:
9133:
9131:
9128:
9126:
9123:
9121:
9118:
9116:
9113:
9111:
9108:
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9101:
9098:
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9078:
9076:
9073:
9071:
9068:
9066:
9063:
9061:
9058:
9056:
9053:
9051:
9050:Thousand Oaks
9048:
9046:
9043:
9041:
9038:
9036:
9033:
9031:
9028:
9026:
9023:
9021:
9018:
9016:
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9011:
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9003:
9001:
8998:
8996:
8993:
8991:
8988:
8986:
8983:
8981:
8978:
8976:
8973:
8971:
8968:
8966:
8963:
8961:
8958:
8956:
8955:Santa Clarita
8953:
8951:
8948:
8946:
8943:
8941:
8940:Moreno Valley
8938:
8936:
8933:
8931:
8928:
8926:
8923:
8921:
8918:
8916:
8913:
8911:
8908:
8906:
8903:
8901:
8898:
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8886:
8883:
8881:
8878:
8876:
8873:
8871:
8868:
8866:
8863:
8861:
8858:
8856:
8855:San Francisco
8853:
8851:
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8843:
8841:
8838:
8837:
8835:
8833:
8829:
8823:
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8770:
8768:
8765:
8763:
8760:
8758:
8755:
8753:
8750:
8748:
8745:
8743:
8742:Santa Barbara
8740:
8738:
8735:
8733:
8730:
8728:
8725:
8723:
8722:San Francisco
8720:
8718:
8715:
8713:
8710:
8708:
8705:
8703:
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8000:
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7956:
7951:
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7926:
7923:
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7912:
7910:
7907:
7905:
7903:
7899:
7898:
7894:
7893:
7888:
7887:
7877:
7876:0-19-504487-8
7873:
7869:
7866:
7864:
7863:0-19-503489-9
7860:
7856:
7853:
7851:
7847:
7843:
7840:
7839:
7837:
7833:
7831:
7827:
7823:
7820:
7816:
7813:
7809:
7805:
7801:
7800:
7794:
7789:
7785:
7784:
7782:
7778:
7754:
7750:
7744:
7733:September 16,
7728:
7724:
7718:
7702:
7698:
7697:
7692:
7685:
7677:
7673:
7667:
7659:
7653:
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7459:
7444:
7440:
7439:
7434:
7427:
7419:
7415:
7411:
7407:
7403:
7399:
7398:Urban Studies
7395:
7388:
7380:
7376:
7372:
7368:
7361:
7352:
7344:
7338:
7334:
7327:
7319:
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7166:
7158:
7154:
7153:
7148:
7141:
7133:
7132:
7127:
7121:
7113:
7112:Not Even Past
7109:
7102:
7094:
7090:
7089:
7084:
7078:
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7066:
7059:
7051:
7050:
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6308:
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6300:
6296:
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6023:
6019:
6012:
6004:
5998:
5994:
5990:
5983:
5975:
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5953:
5947:
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5932:
5924:
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5911:
5906:
5900:
5892:
5891:
5883:
5875:
5869:
5865:
5858:
5850:
5846:
5842:
5835:
5827:
5823:
5816:
5808:
5804:
5800:
5796:
5792:
5788:
5787:Urban History
5784:
5783:Ryan, Mary P.
5778:
5770:
5763:
5761:
5752:
5751:
5746:
5740:
5732:
5726:
5722:
5718:
5711:
5700:September 30,
5695:
5691:
5690:
5685:
5678:
5670:
5666:
5662:
5658:
5654:
5650:
5649:
5640:
5632:
5625:
5617:
5610:
5602:
5595:
5587:
5583:
5579:
5575:
5569:
5561:
5555:
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5527:
5523:
5519:
5513:
5505:
5501:
5497:
5493:
5489:
5485:
5478:
5470:
5466:
5462:
5458:
5454:
5450:
5443:
5435:
5429:
5425:
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5410:
5406:
5405:
5400:
5393:
5385:
5381:
5377:
5371:
5363:
5359:
5358:
5350:
5343:
5335:
5329:
5325:
5321:
5314:
5306:
5300:
5296:
5292:
5285:
5283:
5281:
5279:
5270:
5264:
5260:
5256:
5249:
5242:. p. 30.
5241:
5237:
5230:
5222:
5218:
5211:
5203:
5199:
5195:
5191:
5184:
5176:
5172:
5168:
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5159:
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5138:
5134:
5130:
5124:
5116:
5112:
5108:
5104:
5100:
5096:
5089:
5087:
5078:
5074:
5070:
5064:
5056:
5050:
5046:
5039:
5031:
5025:
5021:
5017:
5016:Low, Setha M.
5011:
5003:
4997:
4993:
4989:
4982:
4980:
4978:
4976:
4974:
4965:
4959:
4955:
4948:
4940:
4936:
4929:
4927:
4911:
4910:ian.umces.edu
4907:
4901:
4893:
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4280:
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4269:
4264:
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4228:
4225:
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4214:
4209:
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4146:
4132:
4118:
4104:
4090:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4057:
4053:
4049:
4045:
4039:
4035:
4033:
4029:
4025:
4020:
4016:
4014:
4008:
4004:
4001:
3997:
3993:
3989:
3984:
3973:
3970:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3954:
3950:
3946:
3942:
3938:
3934:
3930:
3929:Boyle Heights
3924:
3920:
3918:
3914:
3910:
3909:Panorama City
3906:
3902:
3898:
3897:Beverly Hills
3894:
3890:
3889:Thousand Oaks
3885:
3879:
3877:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3853:
3851:
3847:
3842:
3840:
3836:
3831:
3827:
3823:
3822:Orange County
3819:
3815:
3811:
3807:
3803:
3802:commuter rail
3799:
3795:
3791:
3787:
3783:
3779:
3770:
3766:
3764:
3760:
3756:
3752:
3751:crack cocaine
3747:
3745:
3741:
3737:
3733:
3732:Library Tower
3729:
3726:(later named
3725:
3719:
3717:
3713:
3709:
3705:
3701:
3697:
3689:
3685:
3680:
3671:
3669:
3665:
3664:electric cars
3661:
3660:carpool lanes
3657:
3653:
3652:air pollution
3649:
3645:
3641:
3632:
3628:
3623:
3619:
3617:
3613:
3609:
3605:
3601:
3597:
3593:
3589:
3585:
3581:
3577:
3573:
3569:
3565:
3561:
3557:
3548:
3547:police escort
3544:
3540:
3531:
3529:
3525:
3520:
3516:
3512:
3508:
3504:
3496:
3492:
3488:
3483:
3479:
3477:
3473:
3469:
3461:
3457:
3453:
3449:
3445:
3441:
3439:
3434:
3430:
3426:
3425:Jim Crow laws
3422:
3418:
3414:
3410:
3406:
3402:
3398:
3394:
3390:
3386:
3382:
3378:
3374:
3366:
3362:
3358:
3354:
3352:
3348:
3344:
3340:
3336:
3332:
3328:
3324:
3319:
3317:
3313:
3309:
3308:P-51 Mustangs
3305:
3301:
3297:
3293:
3289:
3285:
3281:
3277:
3273:
3269:
3265:
3261:
3257:
3249:
3245:
3241:
3237:
3233:
3228:
3219:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3196:
3189:
3185:
3181:
3176:
3166:
3162:
3160:
3156:
3152:
3148:
3144:
3139:
3137:
3132:
3129:
3121:
3117:
3113:
3109:
3107:
3103:
3099:
3094:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3059:
3055:
3050:
3048:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3030:
3028:
3024:
3020:
3012:
3008:
2999:
2997:
2993:
2989:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2973:
2968:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2939:
2935:
2931:
2927:
2923:
2919:
2915:
2911:
2907:
2902:
2900:
2896:
2892:
2891:Highland Park
2888:
2884:
2874:
2867:
2863:
2859:
2850:
2848:
2847:Griffith Park
2844:
2843:
2838:
2836:
2832:
2828:
2824:
2820:
2816:
2812:
2810:
2806:
2802:
2795:
2791:
2786:
2777:
2770:
2767:The original
2765:
2755:
2745:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2730:
2726:
2721:
2719:
2715:
2706:
2701:
2697:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2670:
2668:
2664:
2660:
2659:Sierra Nevada
2656:
2652:
2648:
2642:
2638:
2636:
2630:
2628:
2624:
2615:
2611:
2606:
2602:
2600:
2596:
2590:
2588:
2583:
2581:
2577:
2573:
2568:
2556:
2555:Griffith Park
2551:
2547:
2545:
2541:
2540:Ballona Creek
2535:
2533:
2532:Griffith Park
2529:
2525:
2521:
2513:
2509:
2500:
2498:
2494:
2489:
2486:
2482:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2469:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2448:
2447:Anti-American
2444:
2440:
2437:
2432:
2428:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2403:
2401:
2397:
2392:
2388:
2384:
2380:
2379:Griffith Park
2372:
2371:Historic Core
2368:
2364:
2360:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2341:
2339:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2302:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2287:
2282:
2274:
2273:Spring Street
2269:
2265:
2260:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2244:
2240:
2230:
2228:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2199:
2194:
2188:Oil discovery
2185:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2150:
2148:
2144:
2139:
2135:
2130:
2126:
2125:Union Station
2122:
2121:Old Chinatown
2114:
2113:Old Chinatown
2110:
2104:Old Chinatown
2101:
2099:
2098:
2093:
2092:Newport Beach
2089:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2031:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1951:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1933:robber barons
1930:
1926:
1922:
1914:
1909:
1905:
1903:
1899:
1898:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1884:San Pedro Bay
1880:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1860:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1825:
1821:
1811:
1808:
1804:
1802:
1797:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1758:
1754:
1753:Union Station
1750:
1746:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1720:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1702:Union Station
1699:
1695:
1691:
1681:
1676:
1666:
1664:
1660:
1655:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1624:
1618:
1610:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1594:
1590:
1582:, circa 1890.
1581:
1578:women in the
1577:
1573:
1564:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1548:New York City
1540:
1535:
1531:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1508:
1506:
1500:
1497:
1492:
1490:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1459:
1455:
1450:
1448:
1439:
1435:
1432:and American
1431:
1427:
1423:
1418:
1409:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1390:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1347:
1338:
1336:
1335:Boyle Heights
1331:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1320:Santa Barbara
1317:
1308:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1280:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1248:
1246:
1241:
1238:
1237:Governor Pico
1233:
1231:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1188:general store
1185:
1174:
1170:
1168:
1160:
1156:
1151:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1118:
1113:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1070:and into the
1069:
1065:
1060:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1045:
1043:
1039:
1034:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
994:
991:
989:
979:
975:
971:
966:
962:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
935:
932:
928:
924:
916:
912:
907:
898:
896:
892:
888:
882:
880:
875:
873:
865:
861:
857:
853:
851:
847:
842:
840:
836:
832:
827:
822:
820:
816:
812:
804:
801:mural at the
800:
796:
791:
784:
779:
777:
773:
769:
764:
762:
758:
752:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
725:San Francisco
722:
718:
714:
710:
709:Santa Barbara
705:
703:
699:
698:
693:
692:civic pueblos
689:
685:
680:
678:
670:
666:
662:
658:
649:
647:
643:
639:
631:
627:
622:
617:
607:
605:
601:
597:
591:
589:
585:
581:
580:
575:
571:
563:
559:
555:
551:
549:
546:and included
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
508:Santa Barbara
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
484:
482:
478:
474:
470:
467:âwho spoke a
466:
462:
458:
448:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
425:
423:
419:
414:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
367:
358:
353:
351:
346:
344:
339:
338:
336:
335:
332:
322:
321:
315:
312:
310:
307:
306:
304:
303:
299:
298:
292:
289:
287:
284:
282:
279:
277:
274:
273:
271:
270:
266:
265:
259:
256:
254:
251:
249:
248:Santa Barbara
246:
244:
241:
239:
238:San Francisco
236:
234:
231:
229:
226:
224:
221:
219:
216:
214:
211:
209:
206:
204:
201:
199:
196:
194:
191:
189:
186:
184:
181:
180:
178:
177:
174:
171:
170:
164:
161:
159:
156:
154:
151:
149:
146:
144:
141:
139:
136:
134:
131:
129:
126:
124:
121:
120:
118:
117:
113:
112:
107:
104:
102:
99:
97:
94:
92:
89:
87:
84:
82:
79:
77:
74:
72:
69:
68:
67:
66:
62:
61:
57:
52:
51:
48:
42:
41:
36:
31:
30:
27:
19:
9160:Redwood City
9135:Santa Monica
8960:Garden Grove
8839:
8567:Contra Costa
8306:Mexican rule
8191:Northwest LA
8186:Northeast LA
8085:City Council
8022:Demographics
7979:
7919:1947 project
7901:
7891:
7890:
7867:
7854:
7841:
7838:, including
7825:
7818:
7807:
7797:
7771:Bibliography
7758:November 28,
7756:. Retrieved
7752:
7743:
7731:. Retrieved
7726:
7717:
7705:. Retrieved
7701:the original
7694:
7684:
7675:
7666:
7646:. New York:
7643:
7637:
7626:the original
7619:
7607:
7584:
7578:
7545:
7541:
7535:
7505:(1): 26â54.
7502:
7496:
7486:
7474:. Retrieved
7468:
7458:
7446:. Retrieved
7436:
7426:
7401:
7397:
7387:
7370:
7360:
7351:
7332:
7326:
7307:
7273:
7267:
7261:
7238:
7232:
7212:. Berkeley:
7209:
7203:
7194:
7177:
7171:
7165:
7157:the original
7150:
7140:
7129:
7120:
7111:
7101:
7086:
7077:
7069:Priceonomics
7068:
7058:
7047:
7026:the original
7019:
6996:
6959:
6953:
6945:the original
6929:. New York:
6926:
6912:
6889:
6883:
6874:
6838:
6829:
6818:the original
6813:
6801:
6793:the original
6788:
6779:
6762:
6751:
6732:
6726:
6716:
6709:
6689:. New York:
6686:
6653:
6646:
6637:
6631:
6622:
6611:
6599:. Retrieved
6592:the original
6587:
6560:. Retrieved
6552:
6542:
6530:
6525:
6492:
6488:
6478:
6469:
6461:
6457:The Guardian
6455:
6445:
6434:
6424:
6415:
6406:
6394:. Retrieved
6390:
6380:
6371:
6367:
6361:
6349:. Retrieved
6345:
6335:
6302:
6298:
6288:
6259:
6251:
6239:. Retrieved
6228:
6211:
6205:
6199:
6187:. Retrieved
6167:
6163:
6153:
6141:. Retrieved
6135:
6125:
6092:
6088:
6082:
6070:
6065:
6043:(2): 32â53.
6040:
6036:
6030:
6021:
6011:
5988:
5982:
5969:
5960:
5937:
5931:
5914:
5908:
5899:
5889:
5882:
5863:
5857:
5844:
5834:
5821:
5815:
5790:
5786:
5777:
5768:
5749:
5739:
5720:
5716:
5710:
5698:. Retrieved
5687:
5677:
5652:
5646:
5639:
5630:
5624:
5615:
5609:
5600:
5594:
5581:
5568:
5549:
5542:
5530:. Retrieved
5526:the original
5521:
5512:
5490:(3): 76â97.
5487:
5483:
5477:
5452:
5448:
5442:
5423:
5417:
5408:
5402:
5392:
5383:
5379:
5370:
5364:(1): 90â100.
5361:
5355:
5342:
5319:
5313:
5290:
5254:
5248:
5235:
5229:
5220:
5210:
5193:
5183:
5166:
5143:December 11,
5141:. Retrieved
5137:the original
5132:
5123:
5098:
5094:
5076:
5063:
5044:
5038:
5019:
5010:
4987:
4953:
4947:
4934:
4913:. Retrieved
4909:
4900:
4881:
4875:
4865:
4851:
4837:
4830:
4821:
4815:
4802:
4796:
4786:November 11,
4784:. Retrieved
4778:
4768:
4756:. Retrieved
4752:
4743:
4731:. Retrieved
4725:
4715:
4704:
4695:
4686:
4677:
4668:
4659:
4650:
4641:
4632:
4623:
4608:
4599:
4568:
4567:
4511:
4510:
4436:
4435:
4079:
4072:
4064:
4048:white flight
4040:
4036:
4021:
4017:
4009:
4005:
3979:
3957:
3925:
3921:
3917:Toluca Woods
3893:Palos Verdes
3880:
3866:
3859:
3850:Bill Clinton
3843:
3775:
3755:in the 1980s
3748:
3731:
3723:
3720:
3699:
3695:
3693:
3674:21st century
3640:urban sprawl
3636:
3552:
3500:
3493:invasion by
3465:
3389:Lonnie Bunch
3370:
3367:, c. 1942-45
3331:fifth column
3320:
3256:World War II
3253:
3232:World War II
3222:World War II
3193:
3184:Hangar No. 1
3163:
3140:
3133:
3125:
3110:
3095:
3080:
3063:
3051:
3035:
3031:
3016:
2994:(1927), and
2969:
2960:
2953:
2909:
2903:
2879:
2840:
2839:
2814:
2813:
2800:
2799:
2774:
2748:20th century
2734:
2724:
2722:
2710:
2671:
2643:
2639:
2631:
2619:
2591:
2584:
2572:debris flows
2564:
2536:
2517:
2490:
2473:Job Harriman
2466:
2455:Emma Goldman
2452:
2404:
2396:Ku Klux Klan
2382:
2376:
2355:, a special
2352:
2349:longshoremen
2342:
2337:
2334:
2303:
2297:
2278:
2258:
2238:
2236:
2203:
2198:Venice Beach
2151:
2118:
2097:The Guardian
2095:
2076:Santa Monica
2072:Venice Beach
2034:
2026:
1995:San Fernando
1989:In 1876 the
1988:
1969:
1960:Arcade Depot
1918:
1895:
1881:
1861:
1842:
1820:Arcade Depot
1809:
1805:
1794:
1791:in the city.
1742:
1686:
1662:
1656:
1621:
1614:
1598:
1585:
1555:
1552:
1544:
1509:
1501:
1493:
1486:
1463:
1451:
1446:
1443:
1424:, signed at
1391:
1364:
1332:
1327:
1315:
1313:
1292:
1282:
1277:Juan Bandini
1253:Abel Stearns
1250:
1245:John Bidwell
1242:
1234:
1229:
1227:
1180:
1171:
1166:
1164:
1128:
1125:
1120:
1114:
1110:
1101:Calle Olvera
1085:
1079:
1075:
1066:through the
1061:
1056:
1052:
1046:
1041:
1030:
1013:
1009:
1005:
995:
987:
983:
951:grizzly bear
942:
936:
930:
920:
883:
876:
869:
849:
845:
843:
823:
818:
807:
798:
782:
772:municipality
765:
760:
756:
753:
706:
695:
681:
674:
640:and Captain
635:
592:
577:
570:Chinigchinix
567:
512:San Clemente
485:
480:
454:
426:
422:World War II
415:
368:
366:
253:Santa Monica
197:
26:
9300:Nevada City
9260:Placerville
9125:Santa Maria
9085:Victorville
9075:Santa Clara
9060:Simi Valley
8905:Chula Vista
8880:Bakersfield
8840:Los Angeles
8747:Santa Clara
8727:San Joaquin
8627:Los Angeles
8413:Present day
8398:Development
8378:Engineering
8323:Californios
8266:Before 1900
8176:Harbor Area
8017:Skyscrapers
7966:Los Angeles
7836:Kevin Starr
7589:Gibbs Smith
7548:(1): 5â25.
6436:Los Angeles
6391:SCV History
6268:. pp.
4915:October 29,
4758:December 3,
4733:December 3,
4056:Tom Bradley
3905:Westchester
3814:Simi Valley
3782:Tom Bradley
3576:studio tour
3556:Walt Disney
3491:false alarm
3458:during the
3409:Mississippi
3312:Axis powers
3195:Mines Field
3151:Rodney King
3143:Watts riots
3081:The police
2992:Barnes City
2792:hosted the
2653:, near the
2651:Inyo County
2647:Owens River
2485:Karl Yoneda
2420:Culver City
2325:Bunker Hill
2176:. Nineteen
1979:Beale's Cut
1886:leading to
1796:Los Angeles
1516:Juan Flores
1514:. In 1856,
1494:During the
1430:Andrés Pico
1398:Andrés Pico
1357:during the
1355:Californios
1257:John Temple
1202:in 1839 to
1153:Map of the
1145:Mexican era
1097:Ăvila Adobe
1064:Simi Valley
1049:Pedro Fages
970:Zanja Madre
968:Map of the
891:Porciuncula
887:Frank Weber
776:Santa Clara
733:San Antonio
610:Spanish era
588:jimson weed
520:San Nicolas
500:San Gabriel
496:Los Angeles
465:Great Basin
403:Protestants
371:Los Angeles
198:Los Angeles
71:Before 1900
44:History of
9250:Marysville
9225:Susanville
9180:San Rafael
9175:Santa Cruz
9105:Costa Mesa
8965:Santa Rosa
8870:Long Beach
8865:Sacramento
8782:Stanislaus
8752:Santa Cruz
8707:San Benito
8702:Sacramento
8383:Water wars
8365:Since 1900
8279:Precontact
8067:Government
7476:October 4,
7448:October 4,
6668:0253111692
6601:August 25,
5532:October 6,
4727:The Nation
4591:References
4163:Population
3839:light rail
3790:Long Beach
3786:light rail
3728:Aon Center
3700:Santa Ynez
3560:Disneyland
3476:zoot suits
3347:West Coast
3077:, c. 1935.
3038:Frank Shaw
2980:Eagle Rock
2922:Wilmington
2910:Shoestring
2714:Fred Eaton
2667:Owens Lake
2587:Mt. Wilson
2526:under the
2298:L.A. Times
2138:opium pipe
2068:Long Beach
1945:Long Wharf
1937:Gilded Age
1888:Wilmington
1818:See also:
1801:immigrants
1673:See also:
1505:lynch mobs
1499:Counties.
1458:Edward Ord
1301:Franciscan
1216:statesman
1214:Californio
1167:ciudadanos
1057:rancherĂas
1053:rancherĂas
1042:rancherĂas
1014:pobladores
1006:pobladores
974:irrigation
931:pobladores
850:rancherĂas
846:Reglamento
783:Pobladores
669:Pobladores
667:, led the
586:made from
492:floodplain
397:line from
223:Sacramento
133:Newspapers
106:Since 1900
46:California
9240:Red Bluff
9215:Hollister
9200:El Centro
9165:Yuba City
9120:Fairfield
9110:Inglewood
9070:Roseville
9040:Fullerton
9030:Sunnyvale
9025:Escondido
8990:Elk Grove
8985:Lancaster
8970:Oceanside
8895:Riverside
8890:Santa Ana
8845:San Diego
8737:San Mateo
8717:San Diego
8697:Riverside
8647:Mendocino
8577:El Dorado
8572:Del Norte
8557:Calaveras
8529:By county
8476:By region
8451:Railroads
8431:Etymology
8408:Tech boom
8353:Civil War
8348:Gold Rush
8132:Libraries
8090:President
8007:Landmarks
7707:March 27,
7438:The World
7290:152106289
7152:LA Weekly
6843:Doubleday
6771:162526324
6553:LAPL Blog
6509:0030-8684
6396:April 22,
6319:2162-9366
6184:145301123
6117:159953706
5807:144533243
5411:(4): 411.
5259:MIT Press
5202:421996936
5175:228665328
4863:(1970) .
4437:Sources:
4427:3,898,747
4416:3,792,621
4405:3,694,820
4394:3,485,398
4383:2,966,850
4372:2,816,061
4361:2,479,015
4350:1,970,358
4339:1,504,277
4328:1,238,048
4052:Sam Yorty
3937:Belvedere
3865:the term
3862:covenants
3844:The 1995
3826:Riverside
3806:Metrolink
3708:Brentwood
3600:baby boom
3588:Universal
3524:seaplanes
3519:U.S. Army
3433:redlining
3401:Louisiana
3248:shipyards
3122:, c. 1940
3023:City Hall
2976:Hyde Park
2938:Los Feliz
2930:Colegrove
2926:Hollywood
2918:San Pedro
2883:longitude
2759:Hollywood
2627:St. Louis
2561:1898â1910
2434:Brothers
2314:socialist
2245:-free or
2088:Santa Ana
2080:Riverside
2064:San Pedro
2021:San Pedro
1935:" of the
1902:San Pedro
1857:San Pedro
1745:Chinatown
1496:Gold Rush
1349:The 1847
1235:In 1834,
1121:angelinos
1038:Toypurina
998:San Diego
879:New Spain
835:New Spain
819:presidio,
697:presidios
579:tolguache
441:wildfires
375:New Spain
233:San Diego
218:Riverside
143:Railroads
9320:Category
9290:Lakeport
9255:Piedmont
9235:Oroville
9210:Martinez
9185:Woodland
9095:Berkeley
9090:El Monte
9035:Pasadena
9015:Torrance
8995:Palmdale
8945:Glendale
8900:Stockton
8850:San Jose
8807:Tuolumne
8767:Siskiyou
8667:Monterey
8642:Mariposa
8597:Imperial
8592:Humboldt
8499:Yosemite
8484:Bay Area
8446:Missions
8441:Maritime
8436:Highways
8423:By topic
8206:Westside
8201:South LA
8171:Eastside
8166:Downtown
7985:Timeline
7973:By topic
7570:12294981
7527:12294980
7418:39411757
6837:(2009).
6767:ProQuest
6562:April 4,
6517:26504174
6351:June 22,
6327:41168274
6137:ProQuest
6109:25617239
6057:23052268
5504:41168008
5469:41169490
5223:: 60â61.
5198:ProQuest
5115:25157662
5071:(1884).
5018:(2000).
4807:Lulu.com
4449:See also
4430:106,126
4408:209,422
4397:518,548
4386:150,789
4375:337,046
4364:508,657
4353:466,081
4342:266,229
4331:661,348
4320:257,500
4309:216,700
4254:—
4243:—
4177:—
4044:Eastside
4026:and the
3983:Cold War
3953:Oklahoma
3949:Cherokee
3804:system,
3798:Pasadena
3744:Westside
3688:Art Deco
3648:downtown
3578:tram at
3489:" was a
3452:Chicanos
3417:Oklahoma
3413:Arkansas
3216:Mexicana
3212:Glendale
3206:and the
3025:and the
2998:(1932).
2990:(1926),
2986:(1925),
2982:(1923),
2978:(1923),
2974:(1922),
2972:Sawtelle
2950:in 1906.
2934:Cahuenga
2895:Garvanza
2887:Downtown
2718:aqueduct
2712:land to
2493:New Deal
2443:anti-war
2424:newsreel
2398:and the
2367:Broadway
2275:in 1900.
2271:View of
2060:Pasadena
1985:in 1872.
1929:Big Four
1774:typology
1706:Artifact
1648:Pechanga
1644:Temecula
1636:Cahuilla
1541:in area.
1528:San Jose
1328:El Aliso
1324:Monterey
1293:El Aliso
1273:Pio Pico
1218:PĂo Pico
1080:vaqueros
1010:vaqueros
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831:MazatlĂĄn
745:Santa Fe
741:Monterey
713:San Jose
702:missions
632:in 1797.
628:founded
540:Luiseños
536:Juaneños
528:Cahuilla
437:droughts
291:Yosemite
276:Bay Area
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213:Piedmont
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158:Eugenics
148:Highways
123:Maritime
35:a series
33:Part of
9305:Alturas
9295:Jackson
9275:Willows
9190:Hanford
9130:Redding
9115:Ventura
9080:Vallejo
9065:Concord
9055:Visalia
9020:Hayward
9005:Salinas
8980:Ontario
8935:Fontana
8925:Modesto
8910:Fremont
8885:Anaheim
8875:Oakland
8832:By city
8812:Ventura
8797:Trinity
8537:Alameda
8512:Regions
8461:Slavery
8456:Ranchos
8156:Regions
8107:Airport
8002:Culture
7990:Outline
7980:History
7870:(1990)
7857:(1985)
7844:(1973)
7562:2547320
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6189:May 11,
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4317:576,700
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4298:52,100
4295:102,500
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3592:Dodgers
3570:opened
3564:Anaheim
3545:with a
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3254:During
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2996:Tujunga
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2465:of the
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2449:causes.
2414:turned
2369:in the
2286:bombing
2170:Chinese
2003:Newhall
1789:theater
1766:saloons
1762:brothel
1739:(UCLA).
1719:saloons
1710:privies
1632:Morongo
1512:gringos
1447:diseños
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1230:mestizo
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761:solares
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548:slavery
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399:Chicago
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9280:Colusa
9245:Auburn
9220:Eureka
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9045:Orange
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8915:Irvine
8860:Fresno
8802:Tulare
8792:Tehama
8787:Sutter
8777:Sonoma
8772:Solano
8762:Sierra
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8652:Merced
8632:Madera
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