History of African Americans in Baltimore

2591: 3175: 3832: 2774: 2722:. On April 19, 2015, West Baltimore resident Freddie Gray died after being in a coma for a week. Gray, who had a record of arrests for petty criminal activity, had been taken into custody after running from police. Gray suffered spinal injuries while in police custody and fell into the coma. The cause of his injuries was disputed, with some claiming they were accidental, while others claiming they were the result of police brutality. Protests were initially nonviolent, with thousands of peaceful protesters filled the City Hall square. Protests against police brutality turned violent following Gray's funeral on April 27, as people burned police cruisers and buildings and damaged shops. The Governor of Maryland, 2527:, but the end of slavery meant heightened racial tensions as free black people flocked to the city and many armed confrontations erupted between black people and whites. Rural black people who flocked to Baltimore created increased competition for skilled jobs and upset the prewar relationship between free black people and whites. As black migrants were relegated to unskilled work or no work at all, violent strikes erupted. Denied entry into the regular state militia, armed black people formed militias of their own. In the midst of this change, white Baltimoreans interpreted black discontent as disrespect for law and order, which justified police repression. 4112: 2945: 210: 2630:

African American population, particularly around its ports. In response to the 1917 supreme court decision that abolished residential segregation and the influx of African American migrants, Mayor James H. Preston ordered housing inspectors to report anyone who rented or sold property to black people in predominantly white neighborhoods. This order entrenched the geographical divide by race in Baltimore, laying the redline foundations in the city. Twenty years later, Baltimore's housing projects were racially segregated into "white housing" and "Negro housing", further discriminating the distribution of Baltimore's resources.

4084: 2205:, the first census in the history of the United States, African American constituted 11.7% of Baltimore's population. 1,578 lived in Baltimore in that year. From 1800 until 1840, African Americans were between a fifth and a quarter of Baltimore's population. The African-American population decreased in the 1850s to around 17%. The lowest percentage for African Americans in Baltimore was in 1860, constituting 13% of the population. Between the 1860s and the 1920s, Baltimore's African-American population remained between 13-16% of the population. The proportion only began to increase again in the 1930s and 1940s, during the 2503:

incentive for cooperation. Enslaved people tried to negotiate terms of manumission that were more advantageous, and the implicit threat of flight weighed significantly in slaveholders' calculations. The dramatic decrease in the enslaved population during 1850-60 indicates that slavery was no longer profitable in the city. Slaves were still used as expensive house servants: it was cheaper to hire a free worker by the day, with the option of dropping him or replacing him with a better worker, rather than run the expense of maintaining a slave month in and month out with little flexibility.

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century, Baltimore citizens were also grappling with the escalation of disease and economic depression. African Americans moving from the South and rural areas with little money and limited job opportunities compromised living conditions by seeking cheaper housing and sharing apartments designed for single-families across multiple large families. This influx of residents into neighborhoods with poor sanitation and structural integrity began the formation of Baltimore's first slums.

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proposed a bill to segregate transportation, but the combined efforts of railroad and steamship companies and over one thousand opposing citizens defeated the bill. Two years later, however, Maryland passed a law requiring railroad companies to operate separate cars and coaches for white and colored passengers. Segregation laws were extended to steamboats in 1908, outlawing people of color from sharing the same restrooms and sleeping quarters as white people.

10022: 3972: 4182: 2451: 3874: 4070: 3958: 4196: 2859: 3986: 3654: 3308: 3944: 2843:, is a church that serves LGBT African-American Christians and other LGBT Christians of color. Unity Fellowship is the local branch of a national movement that caters to LGBT Christians of color. Baltimore's Unity Fellowship Church is located on Old York Road and has a congregation of around 150 people. While homophobia exists within the African-American community, the majority of African Americans in Maryland are supportive of 4028: 4140: 4168: 2986:

documents and objects and resources drawn from across the country. The 82,000 square foot museum is located an easy two-block walk from Baltimore's Inner Harbor at 830 E. Pratt Street. Opened in 2005, the museum is an affiliate of the Smithsonian Institution, and was named after Reginald F. Lewis, the first African American to build a billion-dollar company, TLC Beatrice International Holdings.

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square feet (3,000 m2) of exhibit and office space. The exhibits feature over 100 wax figures and scenes, a full model slave ship exhibit which portrays the 400-year history of the Atlantic Slave Trade, an exhibit on the role of youth in making history, and a Maryland room highlighting the contributions to African American history by notable Marylanders.

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alongside the city's growing free black population as "quasi-freedmen." With unskilled and semiskilled employment readily available in the shipyards and related industries, little friction with white workers occurred. Despite the overall poverty of the city's free black people, compared with the condition of those living in Philadelphia, Charleston, and

4014: 3245:. Historically, there were strong links between African-American and Jewish-American communities in Baltimore and many white Jewish Baltimoreans were strong supporters of the civil rights movement. However, there has been tension between the two communities, with instances of anti-black racism from white Jews such as the 2620:'s signature, cementing Baltimore as the first U.S. city to pass a residential segregation ordinance. The Baltimore segregation ordinance was the first of its kind in the United States. Many other southern cities followed with their own segregation ordinances, though the US Supreme Court ruled against them in 2629:

Although Baltimore had experienced an influx in its African American population around the turn of the century, the start of the First World War and the increased availability of urban industry jobs spurred the Great Migration, leading Baltimore like other Northern cities to experience a surge in its

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schools operated by Methodists, Presbyterians, and Quakers, along with several private academies. All black schools were self-sustaining, receiving no state or local government funds, and whites in Baltimore generally opposed educating the black population, continuing to tax black property holders to

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that features prominent African-American historical figures. It was established in 1983, in a downtown storefront on Saratoga Street. The museum is currently located on 1601 East North Avenue in a renovated firehouse, a Victorian Mansion, and two former apartment dwellings that provide nearly 30,000

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is the premier experience and best resource for information and inspiration about the lives of African American Marylanders. The Lewis Museum's mission is to collect, preserve, interpret, document, and exhibit the rich contributions of African American Marylanders using its collection of over 11,000

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agents and informants. The Frederick Douglass Bookshop was described by the FBI as a “Communist Party literature distribution point in the Negro section of Baltimore.” For a decade this black communist bookstore served as a central meeting place for Baltimore's Communist Party, hosting meetings for

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and lunch programs at the St. Martin de Porres Recreation Hall at the former St. John the Evangelist Catholic Church (a building which is now home to Sweet Prospect Baptist Church). By 1970 the Black Panther Party headquarters was known as the "Black Community Information Center" and have moved into

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and the Baltimore City Police Department. Between 1968 and 1972, the Baltimore Black Panthers used a number of different buildings to house meetings and other activities. Over a period of four years, the Party organized community activities and classes and conducted dozens of protests. The Party was

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did. Therefore, slaveholders in Baltimore frequently turned to gradual manumission as a means to secure dependable and productive labor from slaves. In promising freedom after a fixed period of years, slaveholders intended to reduce the costs associated with lifetime servitude while providing slaves

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established schools for black people that were taken over by the public school system, which then restricted education for black people beginning in 1867 when Democrats regained control of the city. Establishing an unequal system that prepared white students for citizenship while using education to

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The Maryland Chemical Works of Baltimore used a mix of free labor, hired slave labor, and enslaved people held by the corporation to work in its factory. Since chemicals needed constant attention, the rapid turnover of free white labor encouraged the owner to use enslaved workers. While slave labor

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With the upswell of urbanization and industrialization, Baltimore experienced a boom in population, with its African American population growing from 54,000 to 79,000 between 1880 and 1900 and its total population more than doubling from 250,000 to 509,000 between 1870 and 1900. At the turn of the

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After the supreme court ruled the Civil Rights Act of 1875 unconstitutional in 1883 and the Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) Supreme court case upheld the principle of "separate but equal", Maryland passed a series of legislation that segregated the state by race. Starting in 1902, Democratic legislators

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legislation and urged that the "colored schools" be staffed only with black teachers. From 1867 to 1900 black schools grew from 10 to 27 and enrollment from 901 to 9,383. The Mechanical and Industrial Association achieved success only in 1892 with the opening of the Colored Manual Training School.

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corridors brought local pronunciations with them, creating colloquialisms that make up the Baltimore accent, cementing the image of "Bawlmerese" as the "Baltimore accent". This white working-class dialect is not the only "Baltimore accent", as Black Baltimoreans have their own unique accent. For

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Throughout the nineteenth century, Baltimore citizens had experienced no legislation segregating their housing. However, white residents became hostile towards black citizens moving from rural areas and the Baltimore slums into predominantly white neighborhoods, leading lawyer Milton Dashiell to

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neighborhood in northwest Baltimore. He proposed to recognize majority white residential blocks and majority black residential blocks, and to prevent people from moving into housing on such blocks where they would be a minority. The Baltimore Council passed the ordinance, and it became law on

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From the late 18th century into the 1820s Baltimore was a "city of transients," a fast-growing boom town attracting thousands of ex-slaves from the surrounding countryside. Slavery in Maryland declined steadily after the 1810s as the state's economy shifted away from plantation agriculture, as

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descent are not questioned about their Jewishness because they are white whereas "If you're black and you say I'm Jewish, now you have to prove your Jewishness...Sometimes people walk up to us and ask: are you Jewish?...You're questioned to the point of -- prove you're Jewish." Black Jews in

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law encouraged slaveholders to free enslaved people held in bondage, and as other slaveholders practiced "term slavery," registering deeds of manumission but postponing the actual date of freedom for a decade or more. Baltimore's shrinking population of enslaved people often lived and worked

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reinforce black subjugation, Baltimore's postwar school system exposed the contradictions of race, education, and republicanism in an age when African Americans struggled to realize the ostensible freedoms gained by emancipation. Thus black people found themselves forced to support

2479:, Baltimore was a "city of refuge," where enslaved and free black people alike found an unusual amount of freedom. Churches, schools, and fraternal and benevolent associations provided a cushion against hardening white attitudes toward free people of color in the wake of 2892:(BCP) in 1978 in Baltimore, originally working from the basement of his house. The company is one of the oldest independently owned Black publishers in operation in the United States. BCP has published original titles by notable authors including 2820:

in the African-American community. The taboo on acknowledging homosexuality and bisexuality can contribute to issues of infidelity and higher rates of HIV/AIDS. Black bisexual men may conceal their bisexuality while projecting an image of

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initially organized informally at the Soul School on 522 North Fremont Avenue near the George P. Murphy Homes. The first formal headquarters for the Party was at a private residence at 1209 North Eden Street. Party members organized

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sent in the National Guard and imposed a curfew. Six police officers were charged with crimes relating to Gray's death. One was acquitted, one trial ended in a hung jury, and four cases are on going as of June 12, 2016.

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Baltimore's African-American population has been declining in numbers each year since 1993, while the white population has been increasing during the 2010s. The black population has decreased due to a combination of

2256:, Baltimore was home to 325,589 African-American residents, 34.7% of Baltimore's population. By 1970 Africans Americans were 46.4% of Baltimore's population, on the verge of becoming the majority for the first time. 6502: 2530:

Baltimore had a larger population of African Americans than any northern city. The new Maryland state constitution of 1864 ended slavery and provided for the education of all children, including black people. The

6999: 6168: 5258: 2789:. The now-defunct center was intended as a safe place for LGBT people of color and offered health and safety information including AIDS awareness. The Portal's goal was to promote "stronger, more effective 8526: 8521: 3253:

community patrol group. In majority white Jewish spaces in Baltimore, white Jews are sometimes accepted while black Jews and other Jews of color may face skepticism and questioning of their identity.

2263:, there were 431,151 African Americans living in Baltimore, constituting 54.8% of the population. The 1980 census was the first census for which African Americans were a majority in Baltimore. By the 6949: 2982: 2836: 6670: 4290:, civil rights advocate and politician who served in the Maryland House of Delegates for fourteen years and in the United States House of Representatives for Maryland’s 7th congressional district. 8533: 1667: 8274: 6372:"33 Black Heroes From Maryland You Need To Know | ACLU of Maryland | ACLU of Maryland exists to empower Marylanders to exercise their rights so that the law values and uplifts their humanity" 1961:

African Americans between 1910 and 1970 brought thousands of African Americans to Baltimore, transforming the city into the second northernmost majority-black city in the United States after

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example, among Black speakers, Baltimore is pronounced more like "Baldamore," as compared to "Bawlmer." Other notable phonological characteristics include vowel centralization before

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maintain schools from which black children were excluded by law. Baltimore's black community, nevertheless, was one of the largest and most divided in America due to this experience.

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is the oldest standing structure built by African Americans in the city of Baltimore. The church was founded in 1825 by Truman Le Pratt, a West Indian former slave of Governor

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Baltimore Committee for Political Freedom was created due to fears that Baltimore police were planning to assassinate Black Panther Party leaders in Baltimore, with Reverend

4877:"Historical Census Statistics On Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For Large Cities And Other Urban Places In The United States" 374: 326: 5620: 2307:

Many black Baltimore residents have moved to the suburbs or returning to Southern cities such as Atlanta, Dallas, Houston, Birmingham, Memphis, San Antonio and Jackson.

1926: 1672: 1624: 4903: 2744:" variety that is popularized in the media as being spoken by white blue-collar Baltimoreans. White working-class families who migrated out of Baltimore city along the 9628: 6904: 3671: 3325: 3254: 1634: 1629: 6295: 3174: 2761:, particularly in the word "dog," often pronounced like "dug," and "frog," as "frug." The accent and dialect of African-American Baltimoreans also share features of 1900: 1644: 4348:, a businessman who was one of the richest African-American men in the 1980s, worth $ 400 million, and the first African American to build a billion-dollar company 2840: 2355:

The first black people to reside in what is now Baltimore city came in 1634 under Lord Baltimore's charter alongside the Englishmen, only fifteen years after the

1614: 4442:, a civil rights activist who became a lawyer, a women's rights activist, an author, and the first African-American woman to be ordained as an Episcopal priest. 9059: 9054: 8603: 7335: 7192: 6894: 517: 6442: 4807: 1977:. The distribution of African Americans on both the West and the East sides of Baltimore is sometimes called "The Black Butterfly", while the distribution of 8866: 8738: 7323: 4324:, an archivist and historian whose collection of 300 scrapbooks documenting African-American history have been part of the collection of Columbia University. 3831: 1549: 1539: 358: 4682: 1619: 296: 3213:, claims to be the "first Catholic church in the United States for the use of an all-colored congregation", established in 1863. The church attracted the 7014: 6989: 6803: 1609: 1604: 6828: 3718: 3372: 3065:

The subject of young African-American dirt bike riders in Baltimore has been the subject of two documentaries and one fictional film. Debuting in 2001,

9514: 7433: 6319: 4647: 4430:, a politician who is currently the chair of the Baltimore City Council and a former member of the Maryland House of Delegates from the 40th District. 196: 5976: 4594:, a conductor, musician, music critic, and music educator who was the first conductor of the first African American symphony in the city of Baltimore. 3690: 3344: 1925:, African Americans are the majority population of Baltimore at 63% of the population. As a majority black city for the last several decades with the 9610: 8022: 7157: 2608: 2297: 1639: 1519: 6599: 8516: 7004: 6864: 6632: 6558:

Wolff, Robert S. "The problem of race in the age of freedom: emancipation and the transformation of republican schooling in Baltimore, 1860-1867."

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Robert S. Wolff, "The Problem of Race in the Age of Freedom: Emancipation and the Transformation of Republican Schooling in Baltimore, 1860-1867,"

9064: 8304: 6979: 6147: 4388:, a Democratic politician serving as the acting President of the Baltimore City Council during Jack Young's service as Acting Mayor of Baltimore. 3697: 3351: 3206: 835: 3257:

on Collington Avenue was established as a synagogue for African-American Jews. Rabbi George McDaniel, founder of Beth HaShem, claims that white

2637:. The Black Panther Party struggled in Baltimore during the late 1960s and early 1970s due to campaigns of surveillance and harassment from the 10047: 9956: 9519: 9133: 9108: 6665: 5929: 5792: 4722: 2498:

The location of Baltimore in a border state created opportunities for enslaved people in the city to run away and find freedom in the north—as

2226: 1958: 1949:, Baltimore has a deeply rooted African-American heritage, being home to the largest population of free black people half a century before the 1874: 1775: 522: 394: 248: 66: 4850: 9118: 9113: 8045: 7493: 6705: 5657: 4927: 4707: 1893: 101: 5092: 2850:

Club Bunns, a gay club near Lexington Market that attracted a gay black male clientele, closed in February 2019 after 30 years in business.

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was about 20 percent cheaper, the company began to reduce its dependence on enslaved labor in 1829 when two slaves ran away and one died.

9890: 8876: 8648: 6685: 6675: 4702: 4697: 1574: 1554: 81: 71: 6572: 9992: 9096: 8040: 8035: 7024: 6889: 6240: 3451: 840: 301: 3686: 3340: 3059: 9886: 9600: 8259: 7368: 6984: 4312:, a Baltimore City Council member and a leading advocate for the poor and homeless known locally as the "Mother Teresa of Baltimore." 2817: 2238: 1381: 415: 4518:, a transgender singer who became the first transgender woman to sing the American national anthem at a professional sporting event. 9103: 8733: 8254: 7476: 7308: 6964: 6899: 6818: 6735: 4712: 3233:

now stands. By the early 20th century, Baltimore was home to two other Black Catholic parishes: St. Peter Claver and St. Barnabas.

3022:'s Pennsylvania Avenue, one of a circuit of five such theaters for black entertainment in big cities. Its sister theaters were the 1886: 1824: 1589: 1544: 131: 6102: 9377: 9069: 9029: 8871: 8775: 8704: 8309: 6760: 5419: 5357: 5307: 4717: 4382:, an African American educator, civil rights activist, and community leader and the first female national president of the NAACP. 3226: 1978: 1962: 1790: 1534: 1529: 1514: 156: 5331: 5209: 4954: 4111: 2683: 2571: 2431: 2391: 2336: 9407: 9128: 9123: 9091: 8861: 8765: 8728: 8675: 8509: 6939: 6934: 6271: 5628: 3186: 3178: 1509: 1494: 1401: 189: 5760: 4876: 3058:

from Old West Baltimore continued during the 1960s and 1970s and accelerated after Pennsylvania Avenue was damaged during the

9458: 9317: 9086: 9044: 8856: 7404: 7270: 7265: 7150: 6914: 4394:, a soprano opera singer known for singing the role of "Clara" in the premier production of George Gershwin's Porgy and Bess. 3596: 1461: 538: 527: 389: 343: 338: 311: 6216: 5951: 5872:

Wood, Marcus (2009). "Slavery, Memory, and Museum Display in Baltimore: The Great Blacks in Wax and the Reginald F. Lewis".

2757:(such that words such as "carry" and "parents" are often pronounced as "curry" or "purrents") and the mid-centralization of 2510:, Baltimore had the largest free black community in the nation. About 15 schools for black people were operating, including 9034: 9019: 8883: 8792: 8787: 8721: 7182: 6874: 6625: 5387: 3110: 1945:

of the city. Unlike many other Northern cities whose African-American populations first became well-established during the

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Jonathan Bor, "Gay Blacks at Highest Aids Risk: Researchers Seek To Explain Racial Disparity Among Gay, Bisexual Men",

4777: 4767: 4436:, an African-American newspaper publisher, born into slavery, best known as the founder of the Baltimore Afro-American. 4318:, a professional boxer known as the "Old Master", the first African-American world boxing champion of the 20th century. 4297: 3711: 3365: 3106: 2463: 2206: 1946: 1579: 1559: 1113: 978: 410: 151: 86: 9714: 9688: 9146: 7536: 7187: 6959: 6710: 6079: 5828: 4838: 4742: 4342:, a jazz singer with a career spanning nearly thirty years who had a seminal influence on jazz music and pop singing. 3737: 3471: 3391: 3271: 2488: 459: 291: 182: 106: 4978: 4488:, a politician and lawyer who served as the 46th mayor of Baltimore, the first African American to be elected mayor. 1921:. Majority white for most of its history, Baltimore transitioned to having a black majority in the 1970s. As of the 9585: 9565: 9524: 9074: 9039: 9024: 8782: 8384: 7628: 7598: 7414: 7143: 7009: 6854: 6745: 6720: 6715: 6660: 6462: 4782: 4747: 4737: 4692: 4578:, a Grammy-winning singer, songwriter and producer who has been described as "one of the great soul voices" by the 3461: 2805: 2773: 1869: 1805: 1416: 1066: 479: 379: 141: 116: 111: 61: 6439:

Black nativism: African American politics, nationalism and citizenship in Baltimore and Philadelphia, 1817 to 1863

4360:, first African American U.S. Supreme Court Justice and lead counsel for the landmark school desegregation case, 4097: 9605: 9417: 9372: 9280: 9248: 9081: 9004: 8799: 8643: 8374: 8239: 7944: 7583: 6808: 6750: 6725: 6618: 4732: 4727: 4247: 3291: 3153:. A growing number of black millennials, particularly young black women, are leaving the black church to embrace 2874: 2793:

communities of color through access to quality healthcare and economic and educational services" and they served

2786: 2638: 2480: 1974: 1371: 1238: 1056: 983: 146: 121: 5846:"Baltimore Celebrates Opening of Maryland Black History Museum Named For Late Business Tycoon Reginald F. Lewis" 5467: 4562:, a Democratic politician who was elected in 2018 to the Maryland Senate to represent the state's 43rd district. 9580: 9468: 9453: 8851: 8745: 8660: 8264: 7115: 6869: 6700: 6680: 4762: 4752: 4672: 4370:, a professional basketball player for the Atlanta Dream of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). 4277: 4268:, a puppeteer, director and producer whose characters included Elmo, Clifford, Benny Rabbit, and Hoots the Owl. 3887: 3817: 3675: 3591: 3329: 1780: 1456: 1406: 96: 76: 6594: 4274:, author and journalist who writes on socio-political issues related to African Americans and white supremacy. 9509: 9422: 9392: 9285: 8888: 8821: 8804: 8750: 8699: 8638: 8543: 8504: 8444: 8244: 7633: 7613: 7420: 7399: 6969: 6740: 4757: 4642: 3636: 3266: 3262: 3158: 3138: 2844: 2798: 2782: 2222: 1471: 1441: 1426: 1411: 1386: 1366: 988: 622: 489: 136: 6192: 6123: 5596: 5547:

Sean Bugg, "Dan Furmansky and Equality Maryland's growing fight for the state's gay and lesbian community",

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who in 1971 was convicted of murder of a police officer a year earlier, in a trial with many irregularities.

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African-American women working on electrical wiring at a credit vocational school in Baltimore in the 1930s.

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of African Americans of any city in the United States, African Americans have had an enormous impact on the

9352: 8711: 8687: 8682: 8665: 8633: 8576: 7689: 7638: 7471: 6994: 6929: 6578: 4476:, the leader of the Cambridge Movement, a civil rights struggle in the early 1960s in Cambridge, Maryland. 3214: 3146: 2234: 2230: 1499: 1391: 1376: 1361: 1328: 627: 306: 6030: 5524:"Baldamor, Curry, and Dug': Language Variation, Culture, and Identity among African American Baltimoreans" 4153: 3929: 2758: 2754: 9987: 9850: 9704: 9590: 9402: 9243: 8976: 8968: 8911: 8826: 8314: 8219: 8075: 8057: 7959: 7618: 7588: 7313: 7233: 7212: 6859: 6371: 5874: 5678: 5074: 5033: 5009: 4907: 4883: 4610: 3496: 3230: 2870: 2715: 2643: 2301: 2271: 1722: 1712: 1707: 1702: 1446: 918: 709: 679: 617: 566: 494: 384: 6551:

Williams, Jennie K. "Trouble the water: The Baltimore to New Orleans coastwise slave trade, 1820–1860."

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According to linguists, the accent and dialect of African American Baltimoreans are different from the "

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was the first film to documentary the dirt bike scene in the city. In 2013, another documentary titled

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immigrants swamped Baltimore's labor market after 1840, driving free black people deeper into poverty.

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and Francisco. The brothers Frederick and Edward Wintour brought a enslaved african named John Prince.

2356: 1737: 1717: 1220: 1155: 928: 830: 797: 584: 469: 47: 4544:, an actress and director best known for her roles as Detective Kima Greggs on the HBO drama The Wire. 4125: 3775: 3010:, located at 1329 Pennsylvania Avenue in Baltimore, Maryland, first opened in 1922 as the black-owned 9678: 9560: 8903: 8716: 8548: 8109: 7608: 7446: 7253: 7061: 6954: 6909: 6396: 5106: 4985: 4830: 3536: 3516: 3456: 3426: 3229:. The second black parish to be established in Baltimore was St. Monica's in 1883, in the area where 3007: 2794: 2278: 2264: 2260: 2253: 2202: 1950: 1922: 1692: 1436: 1396: 685: 169: 5796: 5231:

Richard Paul Fuke, "Blacks, Whites, and Guns: Interracial Violence in Post-emancipation Maryland,"

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ran a communist bookstore called the Frederick Douglass Bookshop, which was frequently monitored by

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In 2017, an estimated 389,222 African Americans resided in Baltimore city, 62.8% of the population.

9941: 9936: 9905: 9810: 9805: 9648: 9633: 9504: 9295: 9265: 8593: 8157: 8070: 7714: 7503: 7318: 7258: 7248: 7174: 6823: 6583: 6067: 6034: 5573:"Meet the Newest NHVREI Local Partners", The NIAID HIV Vaccine Research Education Initiative, 2009. 4591: 4461: 4448:, an actress and author who played "Snoop" on The Wire and wrote an autobiographical memoir titled 4019: 3915: 3431: 3416: 3130: 2762: 1938: 1930: 1271: 1051: 898: 782: 556: 437: 265: 5703: 5488: 3999: 3062:, the entire community began a period of long decline. In 1971, the Royal Theater was demolished. 2281:, there were 395,781 African Americans living in Baltimore, constituting 63.7% of the population. 209: 9881: 9790: 9734: 9683: 9570: 9397: 9387: 9382: 9357: 9322: 9184: 8926: 8476: 8130: 8099: 7879: 7819: 7684: 7427: 7066: 7045: 6813: 6478:

Race, Class, Power, and Organizing in East Baltimore: Rebuilding Abandoned Communities in America

5283: 5110: 4597: 4547: 4512:, an actor, singer, director, dancer, novelist, choreographer, lyricist, composer, and professor. 4412:, a politician who once served in the Maryland House of Delegates and the Baltimore City Council. 4327: 4215: 4195: 4159: 3859: 3809: 3664: 3476: 3318: 3142: 3122: 2954: 2809: 2719: 2543: 2511: 2363:

in 1619. A Jesuit missionary named Andrew White brought two mixed-race indentured servants named

1785: 1727: 1190: 1150: 873: 772: 650: 464: 6497:

Müller, Viola Franziska. "Runaway Slaves in Antebellum Baltimore: An Urban Form of Marronage?."

6003: 5650:"'Where do we go?' Baltimore's gay nightlife takes a hit with Grand Central's Impending Closure" 4556:, a politician who represented the 44th legislative district in the Maryland House of Delegates. 3181:, the oldest standing structure built by African Americans in the city of Baltimore, March 2012. 9951: 9900: 9785: 9754: 9749: 9739: 9673: 9653: 9550: 9367: 9347: 8841: 8571: 7809: 7603: 7593: 7531: 7341: 7280: 7073: 7040: 6924: 6788: 5523: 4506:, a rapper, writer, and actor considered by many to be one of the greatest rappers of all time. 4385: 4333: 3971: 3893: 3823: 3631: 3541: 3446: 3246: 3118: 2210: 1954: 1942: 484: 474: 454: 6071: 4825: 4181: 9830: 9638: 8916: 8429: 8294: 8249: 8065: 7784: 7749: 7568: 7551: 7358: 7275: 6838: 5845: 4403: 4397: 4321: 3935: 3921: 3761: 3621: 3581: 3546: 3521: 3242: 3194: 3134: 2711: 2547:, that economic advancement and first-class citizenship depended on equal access to schools. 1108: 1098: 1030: 993: 777: 767: 667: 348: 4424:, a politician who has served as the first African-American governor of Maryland since 2023. 3943: 9961: 9663: 9620: 9443: 9228: 9199: 9158: 8566: 8329: 8140: 8092: 7964: 7854: 7759: 7526: 7516: 7488: 7353: 7207: 6833: 6798: 6793: 6778: 6148:"Black Jews Are Being Chased Out Of the Jewish Community By Racism. Here Are Their Stories" 6004:"National Register of Historic Places Registration: Orchard Street United Methodist Church" 5765: 4657: 4449: 4409: 3949: 3873: 3561: 3551: 3531: 3466: 3406: 2225:, and other forms of anti-black racism. Baltimore was a major destination for Southern and 1918: 1864: 1316: 561: 353: 286: 4515: 4354:, pioneer civil rights activist who was an organizer of the Baltimore branch of the NAACP. 4103: 4069: 3957: 3205:

Baltimore has a prominent and well-established African-American Roman Catholic community.

8: 9971: 9914: 9860: 9643: 9555: 8941: 8299: 8214: 7694: 7483: 7373: 7303: 4569: 4281: 3626: 3616: 3586: 3571: 3506: 3436: 3015: 2905: 2901: 2889: 2881: 2862: 2634: 1732: 1210: 1172: 589: 420: 8946: 4955:"Census 1980, 1990 and 2000 Profile of General Demographic Characteristics (PDF Format)" 4509: 4464:, a politician and attorney who served as the 49th Mayor of Baltimore from 2010 to 2016. 4240:, self-taught mathematician and astronomer who predicted a solar eclipse with precision 4089: 2706:

Protesters demonstrating at the Baltimore Police Department's Western District building.

1215: 10025: 9876: 9540: 9412: 9275: 9270: 9233: 9177: 9014: 8951: 8694: 8152: 7919: 7899: 7804: 7729: 7556: 7461: 7451: 7439: 7330: 7227: 7202: 5887: 5682: 4677: 4559: 4521: 4458:, a Democratic politician, who served as the 51st mayor of Baltimore from 2016 to 2019. 4433: 4400:, a civil rights activist who was the chief lobbyist for the NAACP for nearly 30 years. 4231: 4187: 4117: 3977: 3611: 3576: 3441: 3411: 3274:

for being Jewish, with some Black Jewish Baltimoreans reporting being called the slur "

3126: 3071: 2971: 2897: 2790: 2745: 2622: 2524: 2507: 2499: 2360: 1917:

dates back to the 17th century when the first African slaves were being brought to the

1103: 888: 655: 632: 321: 3985: 9966: 9846: 9795: 9483: 9258: 9253: 8461: 8182: 7844: 7814: 7409: 7166: 6075: 6060: 5824: 5178:

T. Stephen Whitman, "Industrial Slavery at the Margin: the Maryland Chemical Works,"

4834: 4473: 4406:, a politician who served in the Maryland Senate and the Maryland House of Delegates. 4357: 4253: 4237: 3566: 3556: 3501: 3486: 3210: 3190: 2994: 2909: 2749: 2533:

Baltimore Association for the Moral and Educational Improvement of the Colored People

1966: 908: 749: 256: 6124:"In face of doubters, Black rabbi finds his spiritual destiny Faith is Proof Enough" 4027: 1288: 10013: 9910: 9856: 9825: 9438: 9223: 8617: 8588: 8583: 8481: 8449: 8422: 8147: 7764: 7734: 7724: 7719: 7286: 7094: 7087: 6944: 5883: 5770: 5734: 4687: 4634: 4575: 4565: 4553: 4482:, a journalist and author who has served as a White House correspondent since 1997. 4367: 4271: 4201: 4173: 4167: 3851: 3601: 3421: 3250: 3077: 3035: 2967: 2962:, is a weekly newspaper published in the city. It is the flagship newspaper of the 2921: 2885: 2741: 2652: 2455: 2364: 2214: 1283: 1140: 968: 903: 883: 792: 5053: 2541:

Black leaders were convinced by the Rev. William Alexander and his newspaper, the

213:

Map of racial distribution in Baltimore, 2010 U.S. Census. Each dot is 25 people:

9866: 9800: 9709: 9488: 9473: 9448: 8612: 8439: 8349: 8344: 8275:

Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL)

8125: 8080: 7934: 7924: 7904: 7889: 7789: 7664: 7654: 7293: 7122: 7080: 6471:

The Hero's Fight: African Americans in West Baltimore and the Shadow of the State

4662: 4585: 4497: 4445: 4415: 4379: 4287: 4075: 3963: 3879: 3481: 3113:. Smaller numbers of African-American Christians belong to denominations such as 2826: 2813: 2617: 1311: 1118: 868: 787: 6521: 5420:"Apartheid Baltimore Style: The Residential Segregation Ordinances of 1910-1913" 5388:"Apartheid Baltimore Style: the Residential Segregation Ordinances of 1910–1913" 5358:"Apartheid Baltimore Style: The Residential Segregation Ordinances of 1910-1913" 5093:"Latinos, Blacks Show Strong Growth in San Antonio as White Population Declines" 4256:, a Democratic politician and first African American mayor of Baltimore in 1987. 4139: 9894: 9820: 9724: 9658: 9049: 8454: 8417: 8407: 8167: 8162: 8104: 7939: 7869: 7799: 7794: 7298: 7222: 6770: 5850: 5818: 4455: 4391: 4373: 4345: 4339: 4055: 4005: 3907: 3865: 3837: 3258: 3222: 3082: 3031: 3023: 3019: 2656: 2293: 1970: 1770: 1195: 1165: 923: 913: 744: 9302: 6610: 5130: 4550:, a politician who represents the 12th district on the Baltimore City Council. 2267:, there were 435,768 African Americans, constituting 59.2% of the population. 10041: 9759: 9668: 9544: 9463: 8007: 7989: 7979: 7949: 7894: 7849: 7834: 7779: 7769: 7754: 7704: 7699: 7669: 7466: 7394: 7217: 7108: 6492:

The Men of Mobtown: Policing Baltimore in the Age of Slavery and Emancipation

5738: 4535: 4491: 4427: 4243: 3218: 2925: 2893: 2702: 2537: 2218: 1839: 1834: 6345:"Blighted East Baltimore neighborhood finally turning around, residents say" 4600:, a Democratic politician and the 52nd mayor of Baltimore from 2019 to 2020. 4376:, a Black Lives Matter activist, podcaster, and former school administrator. 9769: 9342: 9332: 8319: 8087: 8012: 7984: 7969: 7954: 7909: 7884: 7864: 7774: 7744: 7739: 7709: 7659: 7511: 7197: 6950:

Reginald F. Lewis Museum of Maryland African American History & Culture

5981: 5904: 4503: 4485: 4467: 4439: 4303: 4259: 4061: 4033: 3991: 3789: 3767: 3102: 3075:

was made focusing on the same subject of urban dirt bike culture. The film

3055: 3051: 3047: 2983:

Reginald F. Lewis Museum of Maryland African American History & Culture

2933: 2913: 2648: 2289: 1323: 1135: 863: 726: 4234:, the first African-American woman to serve on the Baltimore City Council. 2825:. As part of his research into the "down-low" phenomena for his 2004 book 9815: 9764: 9478: 9337: 8339: 8324: 8172: 8135: 7974: 7929: 7914: 7679: 7674: 7521: 6452:

Behind the backlash: White working-class politics in Baltimore, 1940-1980

6320:"Gentrify or die? Inside a university's controversial plan for Baltimore" 5191:

Stephen Whitman, "Manumission and the Transformation of Urban Slavery,"

4265: 3781: 3150: 2929: 2723: 2612: 2611:

advocated for an ordinance to bar African Americans from moving into the

2476: 2471: 1489: 1145: 998: 878: 662: 5952:"Sony & Overbrook Entertainment Team On Film About Dirt-Bike Riders" 5930:"12 O'Clock Boys' Eric Blair takes Baltimore audience behind the scenes" 3278:" by non-black Jews as well as being harassed by gentiles for wearing a 2671: 2559: 2419: 2379: 2324: 9946: 9870: 9744: 9729: 7874: 7859: 7829: 7824: 7573: 7541: 7380: 7348: 6296:"America's 'Inner City' Problem, As Seen In One Baltimore Neighborhood" 4541: 4531: 4525: 4479: 4145: 4131: 4047: 3297: 3154: 2917: 2830: 2450: 2274:

numbered 699,962 as of 2000, making up 27.4% of the area's population.

594: 333: 8210:

Association for the Study of African American Life and History (ASALH)

6530:

Freedom's Port: the African American Community of Baltimore, 1790-1860

5487:

Sheryl Gay Stolberg, "Crowds Scatter as Baltimore Curfew Takes Hold,"

5152:

Freedom's Port: The African American Community of Baltimore, 1791-1860

2209:. During the Great Migration, thousands of African Americans from the 9719: 9207: 8488: 8334: 7839: 7623: 7561: 7456: 6606:

Percentage of Blacks (African Americans) in Baltimore, MD by Zip Code

6432:

Brown in Baltimore: School Desegregation and the Limits of Liberalism

6169:"Black atheists say their concerns have been overlooked for too long" 5761:"Manning Up: The Coates Family's Beautiful Struggle in Word and Deed" 5708: 4500:, a Baltimore-born experimental musician based in Brooklyn, New York. 4421: 4309: 3114: 3086: 2858: 1819: 1160: 893: 672: 499: 7135: 5450:"'Apartheid, Baltimore Style' City Housing Suit and History of Bias" 4572:

who was commissioned as the first black officer in the British army.

3653: 3307: 3129:. Minorities of African Americans belong to other religions such as 2970:

family-owned newspaper in the United States, established in 1892 by

2833:

interviewed 2,500 men on the down-low, many of them from Baltimore.

8961: 8956: 8466: 6103:"The story behind Baltimore's Jews and their African-American ties" 4534:, an actress and comedian who is the daughter of the late comedian 4330:, a Democratic politician who served on the Baltimore City Council. 4315: 4293: 3795: 2822: 1205: 1130: 1123: 8225:

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

6544:

African-American Entertainment in Baltimore (Black America Series)

4979:"Table DP-1. Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000" 7578: 3043: 1293: 599: 6537:

Not in My Neighborhood: How Bigotry Shaped a Great American City

6266: 6264: 6262: 6260: 8412: 5752: 5621:"Black, gay and Christian, Marylanders struggle with conflicts" 4418:, the first African American elected to Congress from Maryland. 3279: 3027: 1200: 5695: 4871: 4869: 4867: 8224: 6257: 6241:"Belair-Edison: Fighting for a neighborhood for 'the middle'" 4960:. Maryland Department of Planning, Maryland State Data Center 4604: 973: 1981:

in Central and Southeast Baltimore is called "The White L."

8269: 4864: 3643: 2948:

The Afro-American Building on North Charles St., April 2008

1003: 7020:

Young Men's and Young Women's Hebrew Association Building

5713: 5029: 5005: 4579: 3290:

Several hundred African Americans in Baltimore belong to

6589:

Black Panther Party Baltimore, Maryland Branch 1968-1972

4470:, a former detective of the Baltimore Police Department. 6053: 6051: 3275: 2229:

African Americans, with many coming from the states of

6573:

A Lasting Legacy: Baltimore’s African American History

6518:

Blockbusting in Baltimore: The Edmondson Village Story

5030:"2013-2017 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates" 2633:

By 1968, Baltimore was home to a local chapter of the

6532:, (Urbana : University of Illinois Press, 1997). 5735:"Black History Month & Baltimore's Black History" 4851:"Two Baltimores: The White L vs. the Black Butterfly" 3270:

Baltimore experience both racism for being black and

6511:

Baltimore '68: Riots and Rebirth in an American City

6048: 4683:

Slavery in the colonial history of the United States

4624: 4336:, one of Baltimore's first African American lawyers. 3298:

Majority African-American neighborhoods in Baltimore

2829:, gay African-American author and HIV/AIDS activist 7015:

Transfiguration of our Lord Russian Orthodox Church

6990:

St. Michael the Archangel Ukrainian Catholic Church

6025: 6023: 4949: 4947: 4280:, a leading member of the Baltimore chapter of the 3678:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 3332:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2816:, but also have sex with men. This is often due to 1796:

Unarmed African Americans killed by police officers

6059: 5795:. Johns Hopkins University Library. Archived from 4648:Desegregation of the Baltimore City Public Schools 4524:an actress, singer-songwriter, and businesswoman. 6001: 5203: 5201: 10039: 8260:Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) 6595:Experience African-American Culture in Baltimore 6062:Aristocrats of Color: The Black Elite, 1880-1920 6020: 5259:"Landmark Legislation: Civil Rights Act of 1875" 5123: 4944: 4494:, the current mayor of the Baltimore since 2020. 4306:, served as the forty-eighth mayor of Baltimore. 8305:Black players in professional American football 8255:Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) 7000:Sts. Peter & Paul Ukrainian Catholic Church 6640: 6031:"Telling the tale Black Catholics in Baltimore" 5332:"Session Laws, 1908, Laws of Maryland, ch. 617" 5308:"Session Laws, 1904, Laws of Maryland, ch. 109" 2993:is a wax museum located in the neighborhood of 2270:The Black or African-American community in the 6591:, Black Panther Party Alumni official website] 5704:"Ta-Nehisi Coates' 'Unlikely Road to Manhood'" 5385: 5214:. Washington, DC: George Washington University 5207: 5198: 4723:History of the Appalachian people in Baltimore 4296:, a founding member and representative of the 3217:of Baltimore. The founders of the church were 2647:a rented residence at 1248 N. Gay Street. The 523:Education of freed people during the Civil War 9185: 7151: 6626: 6222:. Baltimore Department of Planning. June 2005 5679:"The Forgotten World of Communist Bookstores" 4708:History of Hispanics and Latinos in Baltimore 2454:Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church in 1894: 190: 8018:Historically black colleges and universities 6885:Greek Orthodox Cathedral of the Annunciation 6272:"Legacy of segregation lingers in Baltimore" 6217:"Barclay-Midway-Old Goucher Small Area Plan" 5107:"BLACKS BEFORE THE LAW IN COLONIAL MARYLAND" 4920: 2912:, as well as reissuing significant works by 2777:Black gay men at Baltimore Pride, June 2017. 534:Historically black colleges and universities 6193:"In past and present, Ashburton is special" 4808:"Baltimore - Place Explorer - Data Commons" 4703:History of Caribbean Americans in Baltimore 4698:History of Ethiopian Americans in Baltimore 3687:"History of African Americans in Baltimore" 3341:"History of African Americans in Baltimore" 3249:of a black teenager by white members of an 3241:Baltimore is home to a small population of 3089:, is a feature film adaptation of the 2013 2607:draft an ordinance to segregate Baltimore. 2217:conditions and freedom from segregationist 518:Education during the slave period in the US 9192: 9178: 7158: 7144: 6633: 6619: 6485:Black Baltimore: A New Theory of Community 5949: 5006:"Race and Hispanic or Latino Origin: 2010" 4605:Fictional African Americans from Baltimore 3193:. The building now houses offices for the 2785:was established as a community center for 1901: 1887: 841:National Black Caucus of State Legislators 197: 183: 8235:National Black Chamber of Commerce (NBCC) 4246:, shortest player in the history of the 3738:Learn how and when to remove this message 3392:Learn how and when to remove this message 1915:history of African Americans in Baltimore 297:Slavery in the colonial history of the US 6397:"A Lasting Legacy: Notable Baltimoreans" 6057: 5211:The Baltimore Black Community, 1865-1910 4713:History of Native Americans in Baltimore 4262:, a jazz singer, dancer, and bandleader. 4224:Notable African Americans from Baltimore 3644:Notable African Americans from Baltimore 3173: 3101:Most African Americans in Baltimore are 2943: 2857: 2837:The Unity Fellowship Church of Baltimore 2772: 2701: 2589: 2449: 1991: 208: 9378:Maryland Center for History and Culture 6542:Pryor-Trusty, Rosa; Taliaferro, Tonya. 4826:Alabaster cities: urban U.S. since 1950 4718:History of White Americans in Baltimore 2213:moved to Baltimore in search of better 10040: 9993:Baltimore–Washington metropolitan area 9134:Topics related to the African diaspora 8240:National Council of Negro Women (NCNW) 6520:(University Press of Kentucky, 2014). 6499:International Review of Social History 6461:(Greenwood, 1998), newspaper history. 6459:The Baltimore Afro-American, 1892-1950 5843: 5837: 5820:The Baltimore Afro-American: 1892-1950 5816: 3187:Orchard Street United Methodist Church 3179:Orchard Street United Methodist Church 2812:." Men who are "down-low" identify as 10048:African-American history in Baltimore 9173: 9114:Landmark African-American legislation 7165: 7139: 6614: 6600:New Black Panther Party official page 6473:, (Princeton University Press, 2016). 6454:(Univ of North Carolina Press, 2003). 6366: 6364: 5950:N'Duka, Amanda (September 19, 2018). 5899: 5897: 5758: 5701: 5521: 5517: 5515: 5417: 5379: 5355: 3001: 1039:Athletic associations and conferences 528:History of African-American education 8245:National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC) 6905:Holy Trinity Russian Orthodox Church 5871: 5166:Maryland History In Prints 1743-1900 3676:adding citations to reliable sources 3647: 3330:adding citations to reliable sources 3301: 2808:and black gay men in Baltimore are " 2710:On April 12, 2015, outrage over the 2666: 2554: 2483:in Virginia in 1831. But a flood of 2414: 2374: 2319: 962:Association for the Study of African 8599:African-American Vernacular English 6920:National Great Blacks In Wax Museum 6434:, (Cornell University Press, 2010). 4788:History of the Germans in Baltimore 4773:History of Lithuanians in Baltimore 4668:Female slavery in the United States 2991:National Great Blacks In Wax Museum 2616:December 20, 1910, with Democratic 2518: 2462:The first annual conference of the 1776:Race and ethnicity in the US census 1277:African-American Vernacular English 846:National Conference of Black Mayors 13: 8517:U.S. cities with large populations 8220:Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) 6513:, (Temple University Press, 2011). 6487:, (Temple University Press, 1993). 6417: 6361: 5894: 5888:10.1111/j.2151-6952.2009.tb00341.x 5702:Gross, Terry (February 18, 2009). 5597:"Straight talk about the Down Low" 5512: 5503:"The Relevatory Power of Language" 5496: 4778:History of Ukrainians in Baltimore 4768:History of the French in Baltimore 4298:Revolutionary Communist Party, USA 2464:African Methodist Episcopal Church 979:National Black Chamber of Commerce 14: 10059: 9689:Francis Scott Key Bridge collapse 7390:Inauguration of Barack Obama 2013 7386:Inauguration of Barack Obama 2009 7193:African American founding fathers 6880:Grand Lodge Č.S.P.S. of Baltimore 6566: 4743:History of the Irish in Baltimore 2878:party officials and new members. 2768: 1683:Places by plurality of population 349:Civil rights movement (1954–1968) 339:Civil rights movement (1865–1896) 292:Abolitionism in the United States 10021: 10020: 10007: 9301: 9294: 9201: 9152: 8270:United Negro College Fund (UNCF) 7415:Nadir of American race relations 6895:Holy Cross Roman Catholic Church 6855:Baltimore American Indian Center 5823:. Greenwood Press. p. 240. 5447: 5163: 5054:"Baltimore's Demographic Divide" 4783:History of the Jews in Baltimore 4748:History of Italians in Baltimore 4738:History of Russians in Baltimore 4693:History of Africans in Baltimore 4627: 4588:, actor and television show host 4208: 4194: 4180: 4166: 4152: 4138: 4124: 4110: 4096: 4082: 4068: 4054: 4040: 4026: 4012: 3998: 3984: 3970: 3956: 3942: 3928: 3914: 3900: 3886: 3872: 3858: 3844: 3830: 3816: 3802: 3788: 3774: 3760: 3652: 3306: 3169: 2670: 2558: 2418: 2378: 2323: 1858: 380:Black Belt in the American South 7276:Civil rights movement 1954–1968 7266:Civil rights movement 1865–1896 6389: 6337: 6312: 6288: 6233: 6209: 6185: 6161: 6140: 6116: 6095: 5995: 5969: 5943: 5922: 5865: 5810: 5785: 5759:Pride, Felicia (June 4, 2008). 5727: 5671: 5642: 5613: 5589: 5582:"Empowering New Concepts Inc", 5576: 5567: 5554: 5541: 5481: 5460: 5441: 5411: 5402: 5349: 5324: 5300: 5276: 5251: 5238: 5225: 5208:Collier-Thomas, Bettye (1974). 5185: 5172: 5157: 5144: 5099: 5085: 5067: 5046: 5022: 4733:History of Syrians in Baltimore 4728:History of Koreans in Baltimore 4248:National Basketball Association 3663:needs additional citations for 3452:Coldstream-Homestead-Montebello 3317:needs additional citations for 3164: 2662: 2550: 2466:was held in Baltimore in 1817. 2410: 2370: 2315: 2292:, an influx of younger whites, 1984: 984:National Council of Negro Women 8265:Thurgood Marshall College Fund 7271:Civil right movement 1896–1954 6870:Christ United Church of Christ 6584:African Americans in Baltimore 5844:Taylor, Asha (July 18, 2005). 5817:Farrar, Hayward (1998-05-30). 5418:Power, Garrett (May 1, 1983). 5356:Power, Garrett (May 1, 1983). 4998: 4971: 4896: 4843: 4818: 4800: 4763:History of Czechs in Baltimore 4753:History of Greeks in Baltimore 4673:History of slavery in Maryland 3200: 2966:chain and the longest-running 1781:Racism against Black Americans 23:African Americans in Baltimore 1: 9957:BWI Thurgood Marshall Airport 9510:Baltimore City Public Schools 8445:Cherokee freedmen controversy 7421:The Negro Motorist Green Book 6546:, (Arcadia Publishing, 2003). 6058:Gatewood, Willard B. (1990). 5468:"1966–1976: After the Unrest" 5338:. Archives of Maryland Online 5131:"Baltimore: A City of Firsts" 4933:. United States Census Bureau 4928:"Census Tracts Baltimore, Md" 4793: 4758:History of Poles in Baltimore 4643:African Americans in Maryland 3285: 3159:traditional African religions 2853: 2799:women who have sex with women 2470:evangelicalism and a liberal 989:National Pan-Hellenic Council 9887:Johns Hopkins mens' lacrosse 6995:St. Peter the Apostle Church 6930:Oblate Sisters of Providence 6579:African American Marylanders 5233:Maryland Historical Magazine 5075:"Baltimore Black Population" 4904:"Black Appalachian Families" 2869:In the 1930s and 1940s, the 2523:Maryland was not subject to 1791:School segregation in the US 1329:Black American Sign Language 1303:Languages and other dialects 7: 9988:Baltimore metropolitan area 9705:Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 8315:Black players in ice hockey 8250:National Urban League (NUL) 8076:American Society of Muslims 7314:Selma to Montgomery marches 7234:Brown v. Board of Education 7010:St. Wenceslaus in Baltimore 6860:Baltimore Hebrew University 6642:Ethnic history of Baltimore 6469:Fernández-Kelly, Patricia. 6009:. Maryland Historical Trust 5875:Curator: The Museum Journal 5793:"Baltimore City Newspapers" 5507:Maryland Humanities Council 5336:Archives of Maryland Online 5312:Archives of Maryland Online 5284:"Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)" 5180:Journal of Southern History 5034:United States Census Bureau 5010:United States Census Bureau 4908:Western Michigan University 4884:United States Census Bureau 4620: 4362:Brown v. Board of Education 3096: 2871:Communist Party of Maryland 2716:Baltimore Police Department 2714:while under the custody of 2272:Baltimore metropolitan area 1993:African-American population 618:African-American businesses 10: 10064: 9363:Baltimore Streetcar Museum 9292: 8472:Great Dismal Swamp maroons 8230:Nashville Student Movement 7241:Children of the plantation 7102:Der Deutsche Correspondent 7005:St. Vincent de Paul Church 6940:Our Lady of Pompeii Church 6865:Bohemian National Cemetery 6480:, (Lexington Books, 2015). 6441:(Temple University, 2011) 6002:George J. Andreve (1975). 5977:"The Witches of Baltimore" 5265:. Senate Historical Office 4653:Ethnic groups in Baltimore 4352:Lillie Mae Carroll Jackson 3750: 3597:Stonewood-Pentwood-Winston 3236: 3046:, and the Earl Theater in 2976: 2735: 2730: 2659:playing a prominent role. 2310: 1156:Great Dismal Swamp maroons 831:Congressional Black Caucus 798:African Diaspora Religions 585:Martin Luther King Jr. Day 10001: 9980: 9924: 9839: 9778: 9697: 9679:Howard Street Tunnel fire 9619: 9533: 9520:Colleges and Universities 9497: 9431: 9310: 9216: 9142: 9109:Index of related articles 8987: 8902: 8626: 8559: 8497: 8397: 8358: 8290: 8283: 8198: 8118: 8110:Doctrine of Father Divine 8056: 7998: 7647: 7502: 7494:Women's suffrage movement 7447:Reconstruction Amendments 7254:Voting Rights Act of 1965 7173: 7062:Ethnic press in Baltimore 7054: 7033: 6980:St. Francis Xavier Church 6910:Jewish Museum of Maryland 6847: 6779:Chinatown/Little Ethiopia 6769: 6648: 5932:. Baltimore Post-Examiner 5056:. The Wall Street Journal 4986:2000 United States Census 4831:Syracuse University Press 3247:2010 Park Heights beating 3207:St. Francis Xavier Church 3014:. It was the most famous 2795:men who have sex with men 2279:2010 United States Census 2265:1990 United States Census 2261:1980 United States Census 2254:1960 United States Census 1969:community is centered in 1951:Emancipation Proclamation 1663:US states and territories 964:American Life and History 686:Lift Every Voice and Sing 395:Treatment of the enslaved 32: 27: 16:Ethnic group in Baltimore 9906:Maryland Cycling Classic 9634:Baltimore City Landmarks 9505:Enoch Pratt Free Library 9159:United States portal 8594:African-American English 8023:Inventors and scientists 7715:George Washington Carver 7319:Chicago Freedom Movement 6975:St. Elizabeth of Hungary 6829:Little Ukrainian Village 6501:65.S28 (2020): 169-195. 6494:(UNC Press Books, 2018). 6427:, Haymarket Books, 2017. 6068:Indiana University Press 6066:. Bloomington, Indiana: 6035:Archdiocese of Baltimore 4829:. John R. Short (2006). 4592:William Llewellyn Wilson 4462:Stephanie Rawlings-Blake 4020:Stephanie Rawlings-Blake 3255:Congregation Beth HaShem 2939: 2763:African American English 1865:United States portal 1272:African-American English 783:African-American Muslims 344:Jim Crow era (1896–1954) 9750:McCormick & Company 9684:2015 Baltimore protests 9629:National Register sites 9469:Meyerhoff Symphony Hall 9383:Maryland Science Center 9368:B&O Railroad Museum 9358:Baltimore Museum of Art 9082:African-American firsts 8131:Back-to-Africa movement 8100:Black Hebrew Israelites 7880:Adam Clayton Powell Jr. 7428:Partus sequitur ventrem 7067:Baltimore Afro-American 7046:2015 Baltimore protests 6553:Slavery & Abolition 6528:Phillips, Christopher. 5386:Power, Garrett (1983). 5111:Maryland State Archives 4446:Felicia "Snoop" Pearson 4278:Marshall "Eddie" Conway 3209:in the neighborhood of 3143:Black Hebrew Israelites 2955:Baltimore Afro-American 2720:2015 Baltimore protests 1786:Reparations for slavery 874:Back-to-Africa movement 773:Black Hebrew Israelites 651:African-American beauty 9740:JoS. A. Bank Clothiers 9674:Baltimore riot of 1968 9654:Baltimore riot of 1861 9525:City Community College 9348:Johns Hopkins Hospital 9050:Spingarn Medal winners 8539:States and territories 8310:Black NFL quarterbacks 7810:Martin Luther King Jr. 7342:Dred Scott v. Sandford 7281:Montgomery bus boycott 7074:Baltimore Jewish Times 7041:Baltimore riot of 1968 6925:National Slavic Museum 6437:Diemer, Andrew Keith. 5193:Social Science History 4853:. Baltimore City Paper 4386:Sharon Green Middleton 4334:William Ashbie Hawkins 3894:Sharon Green Middleton 3824:William Ashbie Hawkins 3472:Ednor Gardens-Lakeside 3182: 2949: 2866: 2841:Reverend Harris Thomas 2787:LGBT African-Americans 2778: 2707: 2595: 2459: 2211:Southern United States 1927:5th largest population 1256:Dialects and languages 416:Second Great Migration 241: 48:Ethnicity in Baltimore 8360:Athletic associations 8295:Negro league baseball 8066:African-American Jews 7785:Ketanji Brown Jackson 7750:Henry Highland Garnet 7609:Negro National Anthem 7359:George Floyd protests 7324:Post–civil rights era 6706:Hispanics and Latinos 6666:Appalachian Americans 6562:52.3 (2006): 229-254. 6555:41.2 (2020): 275-303. 5408:Power (1983), p. 289. 5150:Christopher Phillips 5079:blackdemographics.com 4404:Clarence Mitchell III 4398:Clarence Mitchell Jr. 4322:L. S. Alexander Gumby 3936:Clarence Mitchell III 3922:Clarence Mitchell Jr. 3462:East Baltimore Midway 3243:African-American Jews 3195:National Urban League 3177: 2947: 2861: 2776: 2718:officers lead to the 2712:Death of Freddie Gray 2705: 2618:Mayor J. Barry Mahool 2593: 2453: 2296:, and immigration of 1668:US metropolitan areas 1495:List of neighborhoods 1109:Alabama Creole people 1099:African-American Jews 1031:Negro league baseball 994:National Urban League 946:Civic/economic groups 778:African-American Jews 668:African-American hair 530:, after the Civil War 359:Post–civil rights era 212: 102:Hispanics and Latinos 10014:Baltimore portal 9962:Martin State Airport 9882:Baltimore Grand Prix 9861:M&T Bank Stadium 9664:Great Baltimore Fire 9444:Charm City Art Space 8567:Afro-Seminole Creole 8093:Azusa Street Revival 7965:Booker T. Washington 7489:Underground Railroad 7354:Free people of color 7208:Atlantic slave trade 7025:Zion Lutheran Church 6965:St. Alphonsus Church 6960:Russian Night School 6890:Hebrew Orphan Asylum 6539:(Ivan R. Dee, 2010). 5766:Baltimore City Paper 5470:. Baltimore Heritage 5263:United States Senate 4658:History of Baltimore 4450:Grace After Midnight 4410:Keiffer Mitchell Jr. 3950:Keiffer Mitchell Jr. 3672:improve this article 3326:improve this article 2958:, commonly known as 2655:and the sociologist 1953:. The migrations of 1919:Province of Maryland 1825:Criminal stereotypes 1600:District of Columbia 1317:Afro-Seminole Creole 759:Non-Christian groups 354:Black power movement 318:during the Civil War 287:Atlantic slave trade 9972:Baltimore Belt Line 9915:Pimlico Race Course 9644:Battle of Baltimore 9639:Historical timeline 9418:Washington Monument 8962:Trinidad and Tobago 8577:Black American Sign 8404:By African descent 8398:Ethnic subdivisions 8385:Southwestern (SWAC) 8300:Baseball color line 8215:Black Panther Party 8119:Political movements 8036:in computer science 7695:Carol Moseley Braun 7484:Tulsa race massacre 7477:Treatment of slaves 7309:March on Washington 7304:Birmingham movement 6575:, Explore Baltimore 6483:Mcdougall, Harold. 6476:Gomez, Marisela B. 6173:The Washington Post 5564:, December 4, 2007. 5522:DeShields, Inte'a. 5424:Faculty Scholarship 5392:Maryland Law Review 5362:Faculty Scholarship 5248:2006 52(3): 229-254 5235:1997 92(3): 326-347 5195:1995 19(3): 333-370 4568:, an American-born 4282:Black Panther Party 3592:Sandtown-Winchester 3119:Jehovah's Witnesses 3105:, generally either 2906:Yosef Ben-Jochannan 2902:E. Ethelbert Miller 2890:Black Classic Press 2882:William Paul Coates 2863:Black Classic Press 2635:Black Panther Party 2481:Nat Turner's revolt 1221:Sierra Leone Creole 1182:Specific ancestries 1067:Southwestern (SWAC) 590:Black History Month 421:New Great Migration 375:Agriculture history 42:Part of a series on 24: 9413:Walters Art Museum 9060:US representatives 9055:US cabinet members 8947:Dominican Republic 8534:Metropolitan areas 8375:Mid-Eastern (MEAC) 8200:Civic and economic 8178:Self-determination 7999:Education, science 7920:Fred Shuttlesworth 7900:A. Philip Randolph 7805:Coretta Scott King 7730:Frederick Douglass 7557:Harlem Renaissance 7462:Separate but equal 7452:Reconstruction era 7440:Plessy v. Ferguson 7331:Cornerstone Speech 7245:Civil Rights Acts 7228:Black Lives Matter 7203:American Civil War 6970:St. Casimir Church 6900:Holy Rosary Church 6516:Orser, W. Edward. 6425:A Beautiful Ghetto 5182:1993 59(1): 31-62, 5095:. August 13, 2021. 4678:Maryland-in-Africa 4560:Mary L. Washington 4522:Jada Pinkett Smith 4434:John H. Murphy Sr. 4232:Victorine Q. Adams 4188:Mary L. Washington 4118:Jada Pinkett Smith 3978:John H. Murphy Sr. 3637:Woodbourne Heights 3183: 3127:Oriental Orthodoxy 3060:civil rights riots 3002:Theatre and cinema 2972:John H. Murphy Sr. 2950: 2898:John Henrik Clarke 2867: 2791:same gender loving 2779: 2746:Maryland Route 140 2708: 2682:. You can help by 2623:Buchanan v. Warley 2596: 2570:. You can help by 2506:On the eve of the 2500:Frederick Douglass 2460: 2430:. You can help by 2390:. You can help by 2361:Colony of Virginia 2335:. You can help by 1230:Sexual orientation 1104:Afro-Puerto Ricans 1057:Mid-Eastern (MEAC) 692:Self-determination 656:Black is beautiful 322:Reconstruction era 242: 22: 10035: 10034: 9967:Port of Baltimore 9725:DeBaufre Bakeries 9484:Power Plant Live! 9393:National Aquarium 9209:City of Baltimore 9167: 9166: 8995:African Americans 8867:Dallas–Fort Worth 8462:Black Southerners 8393: 8392: 7845:Thurgood Marshall 7815:Bernard Lafayette 7410:Million Man March 7167:African Americans 7133: 7132: 6804:Little Appalachia 6656:African Americans 6560:Civil War History 6535:Pietila, Antero. 6457:Farrar, Hayward. 6450:Durr, Kenneth D. 6401:Explore Baltimore 6349:The Baltimore Sun 6276:The Baltimore Sun 6245:The Baltimore Sun 6197:The Baltimore Sun 6128:The Baltimore Sun 6105:. Times of Israel 6037:. 19 January 2012 5654:The Baltimore Sun 5625:The Baltimore Sun 5601:The Baltimore Sun 5562:The Baltimore Sun 5454:The Baltimore Sun 5288:National Archives 5246:Civil War History 5133:. Visit Baltimore 4516:Breanna Sinclairé 4474:Gloria Richardson 4358:Thurgood Marshall 4254:Clarence H. Burns 4238:Benjamin Banneker 4104:Breanna Sinclairé 3748: 3747: 3740: 3722: 3502:Hillen, Baltimore 3487:Govans, Baltimore 3467:Edmondson Village 3402: 3401: 3394: 3376: 3227:Sulpician Fathers 3225:, along with the 3191:John Eager Howard 3145:, while some are 3123:Eastern Orthodoxy 2910:Dorothy B. Porter 2845:same-sex marriage 2750:Maryland Route 26 2700: 2699: 2588: 2587: 2448: 2447: 2408: 2407: 2353: 2352: 2199: 2198: 1911: 1910: 1848: 1847: 1746: 1745: 1520:Dallas-Fort Worth 1337: 1336: 1247: 1246: 1191:Americo-Liberians 1074: 1073: 1012: 1011: 937: 936: 806: 805: 750:Womanist theology 700: 699: 642:Symbols and ideas 428: 427: 307:Antebellum period 302:Revolutionary War 257:African Americans 207: 206: 57:African Americans 37: 36: 10055: 10024: 10023: 10012: 10011: 10010: 9932:Metro SubwayLink 9891:womens' lacrosse 9755:Schmidt Bakeries 9601:State's Attorney 9596:Sheriff's Office 9439:Arch Social Club 9305: 9298: 9210: 9206: 9205: 9204: 9194: 9187: 9180: 9171: 9170: 9157: 9156: 9155: 9119:Lynching victims 8618:Louisiana Creole 8589:American English 8477:Louisiana Creole 8450:Choctaw freedmen 8288: 8287: 7825:Huddie Ledbetter 7765:Fannie Lou Hamer 7735:W. E. B. Du Bois 7725:Claudette Colvin 7720:Shirley Chisholm 7537:Family structure 7405:Military history 7287:Browder v. Gayle 7160: 7153: 7146: 7137: 7136: 7095:Czas Baltimorski 7088:Baltimore Wecker 6985:St. Leo's Church 6945:Polish Home Hall 6935:Otterbein Church 6819:Little Lithuania 6736:Native Americans 6635: 6628: 6621: 6612: 6611: 6509:Nix, Elizabeth. 6430:Baum, Howell S. 6411: 6410: 6408: 6407: 6393: 6387: 6386: 6384: 6383: 6368: 6359: 6358: 6356: 6355: 6341: 6335: 6334: 6332: 6331: 6316: 6310: 6309: 6307: 6306: 6292: 6286: 6285: 6283: 6282: 6268: 6255: 6254: 6252: 6251: 6237: 6231: 6230: 6228: 6227: 6221: 6213: 6207: 6206: 6204: 6203: 6189: 6183: 6182: 6180: 6179: 6165: 6159: 6158: 6156: 6155: 6144: 6138: 6137: 6135: 6134: 6120: 6114: 6113: 6111: 6110: 6099: 6093: 6092: 6090: 6088: 6065: 6055: 6046: 6045: 6043: 6042: 6027: 6018: 6017: 6015: 6014: 6008: 5999: 5993: 5992: 5990: 5989: 5973: 5967: 5966: 5964: 5962: 5947: 5941: 5940: 5938: 5937: 5926: 5920: 5919: 5917: 5915: 5909:Cinema Treasures 5901: 5892: 5891: 5869: 5863: 5862: 5860: 5858: 5841: 5835: 5834: 5814: 5808: 5807: 5805: 5804: 5789: 5783: 5782: 5780: 5778: 5769:. Archived from 5756: 5750: 5749: 5747: 5745: 5731: 5725: 5724: 5722: 5720: 5699: 5693: 5692: 5690: 5689: 5683:Jacobin Magazine 5675: 5669: 5668: 5666: 5665: 5656:. Archived from 5646: 5640: 5639: 5637: 5636: 5627:. Archived from 5617: 5611: 5610: 5608: 5607: 5593: 5587: 5580: 5574: 5571: 5565: 5558: 5552: 5545: 5539: 5538: 5536: 5534: 5519: 5510: 5500: 5494: 5485: 5479: 5478: 5476: 5475: 5464: 5458: 5457: 5445: 5439: 5438: 5436: 5434: 5415: 5409: 5406: 5400: 5399: 5383: 5377: 5376: 5374: 5372: 5353: 5347: 5346: 5344: 5343: 5328: 5322: 5321: 5319: 5318: 5304: 5298: 5297: 5295: 5294: 5280: 5274: 5273: 5271: 5270: 5255: 5249: 5242: 5236: 5229: 5223: 5222: 5220: 5219: 5205: 5196: 5189: 5183: 5176: 5170: 5169: 5161: 5155: 5148: 5142: 5141: 5139: 5138: 5127: 5121: 5120: 5118: 5117: 5103: 5097: 5096: 5089: 5083: 5082: 5071: 5065: 5064: 5062: 5061: 5050: 5044: 5043: 5041: 5040: 5026: 5020: 5019: 5017: 5016: 5002: 4996: 4995: 4993: 4992: 4983: 4975: 4969: 4968: 4966: 4965: 4959: 4951: 4942: 4941: 4939: 4938: 4932: 4924: 4918: 4917: 4915: 4914: 4900: 4894: 4893: 4891: 4890: 4881: 4873: 4862: 4861: 4859: 4858: 4847: 4841: 4822: 4816: 4815: 4804: 4688:Tobacco colonies 4637: 4635:Baltimore portal 4632: 4631: 4630: 4576:Deniece Williams 4566:William A. White 4554:Melvin L. Stukes 4510:André De Shields 4368:Angel McCoughtry 4272:Ta-Nehisi Coates 4212: 4202:William A. White 4198: 4184: 4174:Melvin L. Stukes 4170: 4156: 4142: 4128: 4114: 4100: 4090:André De Shields 4086: 4072: 4058: 4044: 4030: 4016: 4002: 3988: 3974: 3960: 3946: 3932: 3918: 3904: 3890: 3876: 3862: 3852:Angel McCoughtry 3848: 3834: 3820: 3806: 3792: 3778: 3764: 3743: 3736: 3732: 3729: 3723: 3721: 3680: 3656: 3648: 3397: 3390: 3386: 3383: 3377: 3375: 3334: 3310: 3302: 3267:Eastern European 3078:Charm City Kings 3036:Washington, D.C. 3012:Douglass Theatre 2968:African-American 2922:W. E. B. Du Bois 2886:Ta-Nehisi Coates 2760: 2756: 2695: 2692: 2674: 2667: 2653:Chester Wickwire 2583: 2580: 2562: 2555: 2519:Civil War period 2443: 2440: 2422: 2415: 2403: 2400: 2382: 2375: 2365:Mathias de Sousa 2348: 2345: 2327: 2320: 1989: 1988: 1967:African-American 1941:, politics, and 1903: 1896: 1889: 1863: 1862: 1861: 1810:media depictions 1759: 1758: 1654:Population count 1350: 1349: 1284:Liberian English 1263:English dialects 1260: 1259: 1216:Samaná Americans 1141:Creoles of color 1087: 1086: 1025: 1024: 969:Black conductors 950: 949: 819: 818: 793:Louisiana Voodoo 715: 714: 460:Family structure 443: 442: 390:Military history 385:Business history 316:military history 271: 270: 244: 243: 235: 230: 224: 218: 199: 192: 185: 132:Native Americans 39: 38: 28:Total population 25: 21: 10063: 10062: 10058: 10057: 10056: 10054: 10053: 10052: 10038: 10037: 10036: 10031: 10008: 10006: 9997: 9976: 9920: 9835: 9774: 9735:Grace Chemicals 9710:Bethlehem Steel 9693: 9615: 9529: 9515:Private Schools 9493: 9489:Rams Head Live! 9459:Lithuanian Hall 9427: 9306: 9300: 9299: 9290: 9212: 9208: 9202: 9200: 9198: 9168: 9163: 9153: 9151: 9138: 9104:Historic places 9097:US state firsts 8983: 8898: 8622: 8555: 8527:2010 majorities 8522:2000 majorities 8493: 8440:Black Seminoles 8389: 8380:Southern (SIAC) 8363: 8362:and conferences 8361: 8354: 8350:Serena Williams 8345:Jackie Robinson 8279: 8203: 8201: 8194: 8114: 8081:Nation of Islam 8052: 8000: 7994: 7935:Sojourner Truth 7925:Clarence Thomas 7890:Gabriel Prosser 7790:Michael Jackson 7665:Crispus Attucks 7655:Ralph Abernathy 7643: 7599:Musical theater 7498: 7364:Great Migration 7336:COVID-19 impact 7294:Sit-in movement 7169: 7164: 7134: 7129: 7123:Where What When 7081:Baltimore Times 7050: 7029: 6915:Lithuanian Hall 6843: 6784:Corned Beef Row 6771:Ethnic enclaves 6765: 6761:White Americans 6671:Asian Americans 6644: 6639: 6569: 6420: 6418:Further reading 6415: 6414: 6405: 6403: 6395: 6394: 6390: 6381: 6379: 6376:www.aclu-md.org 6370: 6369: 6362: 6353: 6351: 6343: 6342: 6338: 6329: 6327: 6326:. 18 April 2018 6318: 6317: 6313: 6304: 6302: 6294: 6293: 6289: 6280: 6278: 6270: 6269: 6258: 6249: 6247: 6239: 6238: 6234: 6225: 6223: 6219: 6215: 6214: 6210: 6201: 6199: 6191: 6190: 6186: 6177: 6175: 6167: 6166: 6162: 6153: 6151: 6146: 6145: 6141: 6132: 6130: 6122: 6121: 6117: 6108: 6106: 6101: 6100: 6096: 6086: 6084: 6082: 6056: 6049: 6040: 6038: 6029: 6028: 6021: 6012: 6010: 6006: 6000: 5996: 5987: 5985: 5975: 5974: 5970: 5960: 5958: 5948: 5944: 5935: 5933: 5928: 5927: 5923: 5913: 5911: 5905:"Royal Theatre" 5903: 5902: 5895: 5870: 5866: 5856: 5854: 5842: 5838: 5831: 5815: 5811: 5802: 5800: 5791: 5790: 5786: 5776: 5774: 5773:on June 6, 2008 5757: 5753: 5743: 5741: 5733: 5732: 5728: 5718: 5716: 5700: 5696: 5687: 5685: 5677: 5676: 5672: 5663: 5661: 5648: 5647: 5643: 5634: 5632: 5619: 5618: 5614: 5605: 5603: 5595: 5594: 5590: 5581: 5577: 5572: 5568: 5559: 5555: 5551:, May 18, 2006. 5546: 5542: 5532: 5530: 5520: 5513: 5509:. May 11, 2019. 5501: 5497: 5490:New York Times, 5486: 5482: 5473: 5471: 5466: 5465: 5461: 5446: 5442: 5432: 5430: 5416: 5412: 5407: 5403: 5384: 5380: 5370: 5368: 5354: 5350: 5341: 5339: 5330: 5329: 5325: 5316: 5314: 5306: 5305: 5301: 5292: 5290: 5282: 5281: 5277: 5268: 5266: 5257: 5256: 5252: 5243: 5239: 5230: 5226: 5217: 5215: 5206: 5199: 5190: 5186: 5177: 5173: 5162: 5158: 5149: 5145: 5136: 5134: 5129: 5128: 5124: 5115: 5113: 5105: 5104: 5100: 5091: 5090: 5086: 5073: 5072: 5068: 5059: 5057: 5052: 5051: 5047: 5038: 5036: 5028: 5027: 5023: 5014: 5012: 5004: 5003: 4999: 4990: 4988: 4981: 4977: 4976: 4972: 4963: 4961: 4957: 4953: 4952: 4945: 4936: 4934: 4930: 4926: 4925: 4921: 4912: 4910: 4902: 4901: 4897: 4888: 4886: 4879: 4875: 4874: 4865: 4856: 4854: 4849: 4848: 4844: 4823: 4819: 4812:datacommons.org 4806: 4805: 4801: 4796: 4663:Atlantic Creole 4633: 4628: 4626: 4623: 4607: 4586:Montel Williams 4528:is her husband. 4498:Serpentwithfeet 4416:Parren Mitchell 4380:Enolia McMillan 4288:Elijah Cummings 4228: 4227: 4226: 4221: 4218: 4213: 4204: 4199: 4190: 4185: 4176: 4171: 4162: 4157: 4148: 4143: 4134: 4129: 4120: 4115: 4106: 4101: 4092: 4087: 4078: 4076:Serpentwithfeet 4073: 4064: 4059: 4050: 4045: 4036: 4031: 4022: 4017: 4008: 4003: 3994: 3989: 3980: 3975: 3966: 3964:Parren Mitchell 3961: 3952: 3947: 3938: 3933: 3924: 3919: 3910: 3905: 3896: 3891: 3882: 3880:Enolia McMillan 3877: 3868: 3863: 3854: 3849: 3840: 3835: 3826: 3821: 3812: 3807: 3798: 3793: 3784: 3779: 3770: 3765: 3753: 3744: 3733: 3727: 3724: 3681: 3679: 3669: 3657: 3646: 3641: 3607:Washington Hill 3527:Johnston Square 3512:Langston Hughes 3492:Greenmount West 3482:Glen, Baltimore 3398: 3387: 3381: 3378: 3335: 3333: 3323: 3311: 3300: 3288: 3251:Orthodox Jewish 3239: 3203: 3172: 3167: 3099: 3091:12 O'Clock Boys 3072:12 O'Clock Boys 3067:12 O'Clock Boyz 3004: 2979: 2942: 2856: 2827:On the Down Low 2810:on the down low 2771: 2738: 2733: 2696: 2690: 2687: 2680:needs expansion 2665: 2609:Milton Dashiell 2584: 2578: 2575: 2568:needs expansion 2553: 2521: 2444: 2438: 2435: 2428:needs expansion 2413: 2404: 2398: 2395: 2388:needs expansion 2373: 2359:arrived in the 2349: 2343: 2340: 2333:needs expansion 2318: 2313: 2207:Great Migration 1987: 1979:white Americans 1947:Great Migration 1907: 1859: 1857: 1850: 1849: 1844: 1800: 1756: 1748: 1747: 1742: 1687: 1649: 1625:Omaha, Nebraska 1590:Historic places 1584: 1476: 1347: 1339: 1338: 1333: 1298: 1257: 1249: 1248: 1243: 1225: 1177: 1119:Black Seminoles 1084: 1083:Sub-communities 1076: 1075: 1062:Southern (SIAC) 1022: 1014: 1013: 1008: 963: 947: 939: 938: 933: 850: 816: 808: 807: 802: 788:Nation of Islam 754: 731: 712: 702: 701: 696: 637: 604: 571: 543: 504: 480:Musical theater 440: 430: 429: 411:Great Migration 268: 231: 226: 220: 214: 203: 161: 157:White Americans 20: 17: 12: 11: 5: 10061: 10051: 10050: 10033: 10032: 10030: 10029: 10017: 10002: 9999: 9998: 9996: 9995: 9990: 9984: 9982: 9978: 9977: 9975: 9974: 9969: 9964: 9959: 9954: 9949: 9944: 9939: 9937:Light RailLink 9934: 9928: 9926: 9925:Transportation 9922: 9921: 9919: 9918: 9908: 9903: 9898: 9895:Homewood Field 9884: 9879: 9874: 9864: 9854: 9843: 9841: 9837: 9836: 9834: 9833: 9828: 9823: 9818: 9813: 9808: 9803: 9798: 9793: 9788: 9782: 9780: 9776: 9775: 9773: 9772: 9767: 9762: 9757: 9752: 9747: 9742: 9737: 9732: 9727: 9722: 9717: 9712: 9707: 9701: 9699: 9695: 9694: 9692: 9691: 9686: 9681: 9676: 9671: 9666: 9661: 9659:Baltimore Crew 9656: 9651: 9646: 9641: 9636: 9631: 9625: 9623: 9617: 9616: 9614: 9613: 9611:State Agencies 9608: 9606:Transportation 9603: 9598: 9593: 9588: 9583: 9578: 9573: 9568: 9563: 9558: 9553: 9548: 9537: 9535: 9531: 9530: 9528: 9527: 9522: 9517: 9512: 9507: 9501: 9499: 9495: 9494: 9492: 9491: 9486: 9481: 9476: 9471: 9466: 9461: 9456: 9451: 9446: 9441: 9435: 9433: 9429: 9428: 9426: 9425: 9420: 9415: 9410: 9405: 9400: 9398:Port Discovery 9395: 9390: 9385: 9380: 9375: 9370: 9365: 9360: 9355: 9350: 9345: 9340: 9335: 9330: 9325: 9320: 9314: 9312: 9308: 9307: 9293: 9291: 9289: 9288: 9283: 9278: 9273: 9268: 9263: 9262: 9261: 9251: 9246: 9241: 9236: 9231: 9226: 9220: 9218: 9214: 9213: 9197: 9196: 9189: 9182: 9174: 9165: 9164: 9162: 9161: 9149: 9143: 9140: 9139: 9137: 9136: 9131: 9126: 9121: 9116: 9111: 9106: 9101: 9100: 9099: 9094: 9089: 9079: 9078: 9077: 9072: 9070:Visual artists 9067: 9062: 9057: 9052: 9047: 9042: 9037: 9032: 9030:Mathematicians 9027: 9022: 9017: 9012: 9007: 9002: 8991: 8989: 8985: 8984: 8982: 8981: 8980: 8979: 8971: 8966: 8965: 8964: 8959: 8954: 8949: 8944: 8936: 8935: 8934: 8929: 8924: 8919: 8908: 8906: 8900: 8899: 8897: 8896: 8891: 8886: 8881: 8880: 8879: 8874: 8869: 8864: 8854: 8849: 8847:South Carolina 8844: 8839: 8838: 8837: 8829: 8824: 8819: 8817:North Carolina 8814: 8813: 8812: 8802: 8797: 8796: 8795: 8785: 8780: 8779: 8778: 8770: 8769: 8768: 8762:Massachusetts 8760: 8759: 8758: 8748: 8743: 8742: 8741: 8731: 8726: 8725: 8724: 8714: 8709: 8708: 8707: 8697: 8692: 8691: 8690: 8680: 8679: 8678: 8673: 8663: 8658: 8657: 8656: 8651: 8641: 8636: 8630: 8628: 8624: 8623: 8621: 8620: 8615: 8610: 8609: 8608: 8607: 8606: 8604:social context 8601: 8591: 8581: 8580: 8579: 8569: 8563: 8561: 8557: 8556: 8554: 8553: 8552: 8551: 8546: 8536: 8531: 8530: 8529: 8524: 8514: 8513: 8512: 8501: 8499: 8495: 8494: 8492: 8491: 8486: 8485: 8484: 8474: 8469: 8464: 8459: 8458: 8457: 8455:Creek Freedmen 8452: 8447: 8442: 8432: 8430:Alabama Creole 8427: 8426: 8425: 8420: 8415: 8410: 8401: 8399: 8395: 8394: 8391: 8390: 8388: 8387: 8382: 8377: 8372: 8370:Central (CIAA) 8366: 8364: 8359: 8356: 8355: 8353: 8352: 8347: 8342: 8337: 8332: 8327: 8322: 8317: 8312: 8307: 8302: 8297: 8291: 8285: 8281: 8280: 8278: 8277: 8272: 8267: 8262: 8257: 8252: 8247: 8242: 8237: 8232: 8227: 8222: 8217: 8212: 8206: 8204: 8199: 8196: 8195: 8193: 8192: 8187: 8186: 8185: 8175: 8170: 8165: 8163:Pan-Africanism 8160: 8155: 8150: 8145: 8144: 8143: 8133: 8128: 8122: 8120: 8116: 8115: 8113: 8112: 8107: 8105:Black theology 8102: 8097: 8096: 8095: 8085: 8084: 8083: 8078: 8068: 8062: 8060: 8054: 8053: 8051: 8050: 8049: 8048: 8046:in STEM fields 8043: 8038: 8030: 8025: 8020: 8015: 8010: 8004: 8002: 8001:and technology 7996: 7995: 7993: 7992: 7987: 7982: 7977: 7972: 7967: 7962: 7957: 7952: 7947: 7942: 7940:Harriet Tubman 7937: 7932: 7927: 7922: 7917: 7912: 7907: 7902: 7897: 7892: 7887: 7882: 7877: 7872: 7870:Michelle Obama 7867: 7862: 7857: 7852: 7847: 7842: 7837: 7832: 7827: 7822: 7817: 7812: 7807: 7802: 7800:Barbara Jordan 7797: 7795:Harriet Jacobs 7792: 7787: 7782: 7777: 7772: 7767: 7762: 7757: 7752: 7747: 7742: 7737: 7732: 7727: 7722: 7717: 7712: 7707: 7702: 7697: 7692: 7687: 7685:Amelia Boynton 7682: 7677: 7672: 7667: 7662: 7657: 7651: 7649: 7648:Notable people 7645: 7644: 7642: 7641: 7636: 7631: 7626: 7621: 7616: 7611: 7606: 7601: 7596: 7591: 7586: 7584:LGBT community 7581: 7576: 7571: 7566: 7565: 7564: 7554: 7549: 7544: 7539: 7534: 7529: 7524: 7519: 7514: 7508: 7506: 7500: 7499: 7497: 7496: 7491: 7486: 7481: 7480: 7479: 7469: 7464: 7459: 7454: 7449: 7444: 7436: 7431: 7424: 7417: 7412: 7407: 7402: 7397: 7392: 7383: 7378: 7377: 7376: 7371: 7361: 7356: 7351: 7346: 7338: 7333: 7328: 7327: 7326: 7321: 7316: 7311: 7306: 7301: 7299:Freedom Riders 7296: 7291: 7283: 7273: 7268: 7263: 7262: 7261: 7256: 7251: 7243: 7238: 7230: 7225: 7223:Black genocide 7220: 7215: 7210: 7205: 7200: 7195: 7190: 7185: 7179: 7177: 7171: 7170: 7163: 7162: 7155: 7148: 7140: 7131: 7130: 7128: 7127: 7119: 7112: 7105: 7098: 7091: 7084: 7077: 7070: 7058: 7056: 7052: 7051: 7049: 7048: 7043: 7037: 7035: 7031: 7030: 7028: 7027: 7022: 7017: 7012: 7007: 7002: 6997: 6992: 6987: 6982: 6977: 6972: 6967: 6962: 6957: 6952: 6947: 6942: 6937: 6932: 6927: 6922: 6917: 6912: 6907: 6902: 6897: 6892: 6887: 6882: 6877: 6875:Concordia Hall 6872: 6867: 6862: 6857: 6851: 6849: 6845: 6844: 6842: 6841: 6836: 6831: 6826: 6821: 6816: 6811: 6809:Little Bohemia 6806: 6801: 6796: 6791: 6786: 6781: 6775: 6773: 6767: 6766: 6764: 6763: 6758: 6753: 6748: 6743: 6738: 6733: 6728: 6723: 6718: 6713: 6708: 6703: 6698: 6693: 6688: 6683: 6678: 6673: 6668: 6663: 6658: 6652: 6650: 6646: 6645: 6638: 6637: 6630: 6623: 6615: 6609: 6608: 6603: 6597: 6592: 6586: 6581: 6576: 6568: 6567:External links 6565: 6564: 6563: 6556: 6548: 6547: 6540: 6533: 6525: 6524: 6514: 6506: 6505: 6495: 6488: 6481: 6474: 6466: 6465: 6455: 6447: 6446: 6435: 6428: 6423:Allen, Devin. 6419: 6416: 6413: 6412: 6388: 6360: 6336: 6311: 6287: 6256: 6232: 6208: 6184: 6160: 6139: 6115: 6094: 6080: 6047: 6019: 5994: 5968: 5942: 5921: 5893: 5882:(2): 147–167. 5864: 5836: 5829: 5809: 5784: 5751: 5726: 5694: 5670: 5641: 5612: 5588: 5575: 5566: 5553: 5540: 5511: 5495: 5492:April 28, 2015 5480: 5459: 5440: 5410: 5401: 5378: 5348: 5323: 5299: 5275: 5250: 5237: 5224: 5197: 5184: 5171: 5156: 5143: 5122: 5098: 5084: 5066: 5045: 5021: 4997: 4970: 4943: 4919: 4895: 4863: 4842: 4817: 4798: 4797: 4795: 4792: 4791: 4790: 4785: 4780: 4775: 4770: 4765: 4760: 4755: 4750: 4745: 4740: 4735: 4730: 4725: 4720: 4715: 4710: 4705: 4700: 4695: 4690: 4685: 4680: 4675: 4670: 4665: 4660: 4655: 4650: 4645: 4639: 4638: 4622: 4619: 4618: 4617: 4606: 4603: 4602: 4601: 4595: 4589: 4583: 4573: 4563: 4557: 4551: 4545: 4539: 4529: 4519: 4513: 4507: 4501: 4495: 4489: 4483: 4477: 4471: 4465: 4459: 4456:Catherine Pugh 4453: 4443: 4437: 4431: 4425: 4419: 4413: 4407: 4401: 4395: 4392:Abbie Mitchell 4389: 4383: 4377: 4374:DeRay Mckesson 4371: 4365: 4355: 4349: 4346:Reginald Lewis 4343: 4340:Billie Holiday 4337: 4331: 4325: 4319: 4313: 4307: 4301: 4291: 4285: 4275: 4269: 4263: 4257: 4251: 4241: 4235: 4222: 4220: 4219: 4214: 4207: 4205: 4200: 4193: 4191: 4186: 4179: 4177: 4172: 4165: 4163: 4158: 4151: 4149: 4144: 4137: 4135: 4130: 4123: 4121: 4116: 4109: 4107: 4102: 4095: 4093: 4088: 4081: 4079: 4074: 4067: 4065: 4060: 4053: 4051: 4046: 4039: 4037: 4032: 4025: 4023: 4018: 4011: 4009: 4006:Catherine Pugh 4004: 3997: 3995: 3990: 3983: 3981: 3976: 3969: 3967: 3962: 3955: 3953: 3948: 3941: 3939: 3934: 3927: 3925: 3920: 3913: 3911: 3908:Abbie Mitchell 3906: 3899: 3897: 3892: 3885: 3883: 3878: 3871: 3869: 3866:DeRay Mckesson 3864: 3857: 3855: 3850: 3843: 3841: 3838:Billie Holiday 3836: 3829: 3827: 3822: 3815: 3813: 3808: 3801: 3799: 3794: 3787: 3785: 3780: 3773: 3771: 3766: 3759: 3756: 3755: 3754: 3752: 3749: 3746: 3745: 3660: 3658: 3651: 3645: 3642: 3640: 3639: 3634: 3629: 3624: 3619: 3614: 3609: 3604: 3599: 3594: 3589: 3584: 3579: 3574: 3569: 3564: 3559: 3554: 3549: 3544: 3539: 3537:McElderry Park 3534: 3529: 3524: 3519: 3517:Liberty Square 3514: 3509: 3504: 3499: 3494: 3489: 3484: 3479: 3474: 3469: 3464: 3459: 3457:Coppin Heights 3454: 3449: 3444: 3439: 3434: 3429: 3427:Better Waverly 3424: 3419: 3414: 3409: 3403: 3400: 3399: 3314: 3312: 3305: 3299: 3296: 3287: 3284: 3259:Ashkenazi Jews 3238: 3235: 3223:Saint-Domingue 3221:refugees from 3202: 3199: 3171: 3168: 3166: 3163: 3098: 3095: 3083:Teyonah Parris 3032:Howard Theatre 3020:Baltimore City 3003: 3000: 2978: 2975: 2941: 2938: 2936:, and others. 2855: 2852: 2770: 2769:LGBT community 2767: 2737: 2734: 2732: 2729: 2698: 2697: 2677: 2675: 2664: 2661: 2657:Peter H. Rossi 2644:free breakfast 2586: 2585: 2565: 2563: 2552: 2549: 2525:Reconstruction 2520: 2517: 2446: 2445: 2425: 2423: 2412: 2409: 2406: 2405: 2385: 2383: 2372: 2369: 2357:first Africans 2351: 2350: 2330: 2328: 2317: 2314: 2312: 2309: 2294:gentrification 2247:North Carolina 2243:South Carolina 2197: 2196: 2193: 2189: 2188: 2185: 2181: 2180: 2177: 2173: 2172: 2169: 2165: 2164: 2161: 2157: 2156: 2153: 2149: 2148: 2145: 2141: 2140: 2137: 2133: 2132: 2129: 2125: 2124: 2121: 2117: 2116: 2113: 2109: 2108: 2105: 2101: 2100: 2097: 2093: 2092: 2089: 2085: 2084: 2081: 2077: 2076: 2073: 2069: 2068: 2065: 2061: 2060: 2057: 2053: 2052: 2049: 2045: 2044: 2041: 2037: 2036: 2033: 2029: 2028: 2025: 2021: 2020: 2017: 2013: 2012: 2009: 2005: 2004: 2001: 1997: 1996: 1986: 1983: 1975:East Baltimore 1971:West Baltimore 1909: 1908: 1906: 1905: 1898: 1891: 1883: 1880: 1879: 1878: 1877: 1872: 1867: 1852: 1851: 1846: 1845: 1843: 1842: 1837: 1832: 1827: 1822: 1816: 1813: 1812: 1802: 1801: 1799: 1798: 1793: 1788: 1783: 1778: 1773: 1771:Black genocide 1767: 1764: 1763: 1757: 1754: 1753: 1750: 1749: 1744: 1743: 1741: 1740: 1735: 1730: 1725: 1720: 1715: 1710: 1705: 1699: 1696: 1695: 1689: 1688: 1686: 1685: 1680: 1678:US communities 1675: 1670: 1665: 1659: 1656: 1655: 1651: 1650: 1648: 1647: 1642: 1637: 1635:South Carolina 1632: 1630:North Carolina 1627: 1622: 1617: 1612: 1607: 1602: 1596: 1593: 1592: 1586: 1585: 1583: 1582: 1577: 1572: 1567: 1562: 1557: 1552: 1547: 1542: 1537: 1532: 1527: 1522: 1517: 1512: 1507: 1502: 1497: 1492: 1486: 1483: 1482: 1478: 1477: 1475: 1474: 1469: 1464: 1459: 1454: 1452:South Carolina 1449: 1444: 1439: 1434: 1432:North Carolina 1429: 1424: 1419: 1414: 1409: 1404: 1399: 1394: 1389: 1384: 1379: 1374: 1369: 1364: 1358: 1355: 1354: 1348: 1345: 1344: 1341: 1340: 1335: 1334: 1332: 1331: 1326: 1321: 1320: 1319: 1308: 1305: 1304: 1300: 1299: 1297: 1296: 1291: 1289:Samaná English 1286: 1281: 1280: 1279: 1268: 1265: 1264: 1258: 1255: 1254: 1251: 1250: 1245: 1244: 1242: 1241: 1239:LGBT community 1235: 1232: 1231: 1227: 1226: 1224: 1223: 1218: 1213: 1208: 1203: 1198: 1196:Creek Freedmen 1193: 1187: 1184: 1183: 1179: 1178: 1176: 1175: 1170: 1169: 1168: 1166:Carmel Indians 1158: 1153: 1148: 1143: 1138: 1133: 1128: 1127: 1126: 1121: 1111: 1106: 1101: 1095: 1092: 1091: 1085: 1082: 1081: 1078: 1077: 1072: 1071: 1070: 1069: 1064: 1059: 1054: 1049: 1047:Central (CIAA) 1041: 1040: 1036: 1035: 1034: 1033: 1023: 1020: 1019: 1016: 1015: 1010: 1009: 1007: 1006: 1001: 996: 991: 986: 981: 976: 971: 966: 958: 955: 954: 948: 945: 944: 941: 940: 935: 934: 932: 931: 926: 921: 916: 914:Pan-Africanism 911: 906: 901: 896: 891: 886: 881: 876: 871: 866: 860: 857: 856: 852: 851: 849: 848: 843: 838: 833: 827: 824: 823: 817: 814: 813: 810: 809: 804: 803: 801: 800: 795: 790: 785: 780: 775: 770: 764: 761: 760: 756: 755: 753: 752: 747: 745:Black theology 741: 738: 737: 733: 732: 730: 729: 723: 720: 719: 713: 708: 707: 704: 703: 698: 697: 695: 694: 689: 682: 677: 676: 675: 665: 660: 659: 658: 647: 644: 643: 639: 638: 636: 635: 630: 625: 620: 614: 611: 610: 609:Economic class 606: 605: 603: 602: 597: 592: 587: 581: 578: 577: 573: 572: 570: 569: 564: 559: 553: 550: 549: 548:Academic study 545: 544: 542: 541: 536: 531: 525: 520: 514: 511: 510: 506: 505: 503: 502: 497: 492: 487: 482: 477: 472: 467: 462: 457: 451: 448: 447: 441: 436: 435: 432: 431: 426: 425: 424: 423: 418: 413: 405: 404: 400: 399: 398: 397: 392: 387: 382: 377: 369: 368: 364: 363: 362: 361: 356: 351: 346: 341: 336: 331: 330: 329: 319: 309: 304: 299: 294: 289: 284: 276: 275: 269: 264: 263: 260: 259: 253: 252: 205: 204: 202: 201: 194: 187: 179: 176: 175: 174: 173: 163: 162: 160: 159: 154: 149: 144: 139: 134: 129: 124: 119: 114: 109: 104: 99: 94: 89: 84: 79: 74: 69: 64: 59: 51: 50: 44: 43: 35: 34: 33:375,002 (2020) 30: 29: 18: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10060: 10049: 10046: 10045: 10043: 10028: 10027: 10018: 10016: 10015: 10004: 10003: 10000: 9994: 9991: 9989: 9986: 9985: 9983: 9979: 9973: 9970: 9968: 9965: 9963: 9960: 9958: 9955: 9953: 9950: 9948: 9945: 9943: 9940: 9938: 9935: 9933: 9930: 9929: 9927: 9923: 9916: 9912: 9909: 9907: 9904: 9902: 9899: 9896: 9892: 9888: 9885: 9883: 9880: 9878: 9875: 9872: 9868: 9865: 9862: 9858: 9855: 9852: 9848: 9845: 9844: 9842: 9838: 9832: 9829: 9827: 9824: 9822: 9819: 9817: 9814: 9812: 9809: 9807: 9804: 9802: 9799: 9797: 9794: 9792: 9789: 9787: 9784: 9783: 9781: 9777: 9771: 9768: 9766: 9763: 9761: 9760:T. Rowe Price 9758: 9756: 9753: 9751: 9748: 9746: 9743: 9741: 9738: 9736: 9733: 9731: 9728: 9726: 9723: 9721: 9718: 9716: 9715:Constellation 9713: 9711: 9708: 9706: 9703: 9702: 9700: 9696: 9690: 9687: 9685: 9682: 9680: 9677: 9675: 9672: 9670: 9669:Fort Holabird 9667: 9665: 9662: 9660: 9657: 9655: 9652: 9650: 9649:Defenders Day 9647: 9645: 9642: 9640: 9637: 9635: 9632: 9630: 9627: 9626: 9624: 9622: 9618: 9612: 9609: 9607: 9604: 9602: 9599: 9597: 9594: 9592: 9589: 9587: 9584: 9582: 9579: 9577: 9574: 9572: 9569: 9567: 9564: 9562: 9559: 9557: 9554: 9552: 9549: 9546: 9545:Brandon Scott 9542: 9539: 9538: 9536: 9532: 9526: 9523: 9521: 9518: 9516: 9513: 9511: 9508: 9506: 9503: 9502: 9500: 9496: 9490: 9487: 9485: 9482: 9480: 9477: 9475: 9472: 9470: 9467: 9465: 9464:MECU-Pier Six 9462: 9460: 9457: 9455: 9452: 9450: 9447: 9445: 9442: 9440: 9437: 9436: 9434: 9432:Entertainment 9430: 9424: 9421: 9419: 9416: 9414: 9411: 9409: 9406: 9404: 9401: 9399: 9396: 9394: 9391: 9389: 9386: 9384: 9381: 9379: 9376: 9374: 9371: 9369: 9366: 9364: 9361: 9359: 9356: 9354: 9351: 9349: 9346: 9344: 9341: 9339: 9336: 9334: 9331: 9329: 9326: 9324: 9321: 9319: 9316: 9315: 9313: 9309: 9304: 9297: 9287: 9284: 9282: 9281:Neighborhoods 9279: 9277: 9274: 9272: 9269: 9267: 9264: 9260: 9257: 9256: 9255: 9252: 9250: 9247: 9245: 9242: 9240: 9237: 9235: 9232: 9230: 9227: 9225: 9222: 9221: 9219: 9215: 9211: 9195: 9190: 9188: 9183: 9181: 9176: 9175: 9172: 9160: 9150: 9148: 9145: 9144: 9141: 9135: 9132: 9130: 9129:Neighborhoods 9127: 9125: 9122: 9120: 9117: 9115: 9112: 9110: 9107: 9105: 9102: 9098: 9095: 9093: 9092:Sports firsts 9090: 9088: 9085: 9084: 9083: 9080: 9076: 9073: 9071: 9068: 9066: 9063: 9061: 9058: 9056: 9053: 9051: 9048: 9046: 9043: 9041: 9038: 9036: 9033: 9031: 9028: 9026: 9023: 9021: 9018: 9016: 9013: 9011: 9008: 9006: 9003: 9001: 8998: 8997: 8996: 8993: 8992: 8990: 8986: 8978: 8975: 8974: 8972: 8970: 8967: 8963: 8960: 8958: 8955: 8953: 8950: 8948: 8945: 8943: 8940: 8939: 8937: 8933: 8930: 8928: 8925: 8923: 8920: 8918: 8915: 8914: 8913: 8910: 8909: 8907: 8905: 8901: 8895: 8894:West Virginia 8892: 8890: 8887: 8885: 8882: 8878: 8875: 8873: 8870: 8868: 8865: 8863: 8860: 8859: 8858: 8855: 8853: 8850: 8848: 8845: 8843: 8840: 8836: 8833: 8832: 8831:Pennsylvania 8830: 8828: 8825: 8823: 8820: 8818: 8815: 8811: 8810:New York City 8808: 8807: 8806: 8803: 8801: 8798: 8794: 8791: 8790: 8789: 8786: 8784: 8781: 8777: 8774: 8773: 8771: 8767: 8764: 8763: 8761: 8757: 8754: 8753: 8752: 8749: 8747: 8744: 8740: 8737: 8736: 8735: 8732: 8730: 8727: 8723: 8720: 8719: 8718: 8715: 8713: 8710: 8706: 8703: 8702: 8701: 8698: 8696: 8693: 8689: 8686: 8685: 8684: 8681: 8677: 8674: 8672: 8669: 8668: 8667: 8664: 8662: 8659: 8655: 8654:San Francisco 8652: 8650: 8647: 8646: 8645: 8642: 8640: 8637: 8635: 8632: 8631: 8629: 8627:By state/city 8625: 8619: 8616: 8614: 8611: 8605: 8602: 8600: 8597: 8596: 8595: 8592: 8590: 8587: 8586: 8585: 8582: 8578: 8575: 8574: 8573: 8572:American Sign 8570: 8568: 8565: 8564: 8562: 8558: 8550: 8547: 8545: 8542: 8541: 8540: 8537: 8535: 8532: 8528: 8525: 8523: 8520: 8519: 8518: 8515: 8511: 8508: 8507: 8506: 8505:Neighborhoods 8503: 8502: 8500: 8496: 8490: 8487: 8483: 8480: 8479: 8478: 8475: 8473: 8470: 8468: 8465: 8463: 8460: 8456: 8453: 8451: 8448: 8446: 8443: 8441: 8438: 8437: 8436: 8435:Black Indians 8433: 8431: 8428: 8424: 8421: 8419: 8416: 8414: 8411: 8409: 8406: 8405: 8403: 8402: 8400: 8396: 8386: 8383: 8381: 8378: 8376: 8373: 8371: 8368: 8367: 8365: 8357: 8351: 8348: 8346: 8343: 8341: 8338: 8336: 8333: 8331: 8328: 8326: 8323: 8321: 8318: 8316: 8313: 8311: 8308: 8306: 8303: 8301: 8298: 8296: 8293: 8292: 8289: 8286: 8282: 8276: 8273: 8271: 8268: 8266: 8263: 8261: 8258: 8256: 8253: 8251: 8248: 8246: 8243: 8241: 8238: 8236: 8233: 8231: 8228: 8226: 8223: 8221: 8218: 8216: 8213: 8211: 8208: 8207: 8205: 8197: 8191: 8188: 8184: 8181: 8180: 8179: 8176: 8174: 8171: 8169: 8166: 8164: 8161: 8159: 8156: 8154: 8151: 8149: 8146: 8142: 8139: 8138: 8137: 8134: 8132: 8129: 8127: 8124: 8123: 8121: 8117: 8111: 8108: 8106: 8103: 8101: 8098: 8094: 8091: 8090: 8089: 8086: 8082: 8079: 8077: 8074: 8073: 8072: 8069: 8067: 8064: 8063: 8061: 8059: 8055: 8047: 8044: 8042: 8039: 8037: 8034: 8033: 8031: 8029: 8026: 8024: 8021: 8019: 8016: 8014: 8013:Black schools 8011: 8009: 8008:Black studies 8006: 8005: 8003: 7997: 7991: 7990:Whitney Young 7988: 7986: 7983: 7981: 7980:Oprah Winfrey 7978: 7976: 7973: 7971: 7968: 7966: 7963: 7961: 7958: 7956: 7953: 7951: 7950:Denmark Vesey 7948: 7946: 7943: 7941: 7938: 7936: 7933: 7931: 7928: 7926: 7923: 7921: 7918: 7916: 7913: 7911: 7908: 7906: 7903: 7901: 7898: 7896: 7895:Joseph Rainey 7893: 7891: 7888: 7886: 7883: 7881: 7878: 7876: 7873: 7871: 7868: 7866: 7863: 7861: 7858: 7856: 7853: 7851: 7850:Toni Morrison 7848: 7846: 7843: 7841: 7838: 7836: 7835:Joseph Lowery 7833: 7831: 7828: 7826: 7823: 7821: 7818: 7816: 7813: 7811: 7808: 7806: 7803: 7801: 7798: 7796: 7793: 7791: 7788: 7786: 7783: 7781: 7780:Jesse Jackson 7778: 7776: 7773: 7771: 7770:Kamala Harris 7768: 7766: 7763: 7761: 7758: 7756: 7755:Marcus Garvey 7753: 7751: 7748: 7746: 7743: 7741: 7738: 7736: 7733: 7731: 7728: 7726: 7723: 7721: 7718: 7716: 7713: 7711: 7708: 7706: 7705:Blanche Bruce 7703: 7701: 7700:Edward Brooke 7698: 7696: 7693: 7691: 7690:James Bradley 7688: 7686: 7683: 7681: 7678: 7676: 7673: 7671: 7670:James Baldwin 7668: 7666: 7663: 7661: 7658: 7656: 7653: 7652: 7650: 7646: 7640: 7637: 7635: 7632: 7630: 7627: 7625: 7622: 7620: 7617: 7615: 7614:Neighborhoods 7612: 7610: 7607: 7605: 7602: 7600: 7597: 7595: 7592: 7590: 7587: 7585: 7582: 7580: 7577: 7575: 7572: 7570: 7567: 7563: 7560: 7559: 7558: 7555: 7553: 7550: 7548: 7545: 7543: 7540: 7538: 7535: 7533: 7530: 7528: 7525: 7523: 7520: 7518: 7515: 7513: 7510: 7509: 7507: 7505: 7501: 7495: 7492: 7490: 7487: 7485: 7482: 7478: 7475: 7474: 7473: 7470: 7468: 7467:Silent Parade 7465: 7463: 7460: 7458: 7455: 7453: 7450: 7448: 7445: 7442: 7441: 7437: 7435: 7432: 7430: 7429: 7425: 7423: 7422: 7418: 7416: 7413: 7411: 7408: 7406: 7403: 7401: 7398: 7396: 7395:Jim Crow laws 7393: 7391: 7387: 7384: 7382: 7379: 7375: 7372: 7370: 7367: 7366: 7365: 7362: 7360: 7357: 7355: 7352: 7350: 7347: 7344: 7343: 7339: 7337: 7334: 7332: 7329: 7325: 7322: 7320: 7317: 7315: 7312: 7310: 7307: 7305: 7302: 7300: 7297: 7295: 7292: 7289: 7288: 7284: 7282: 7279: 7278: 7277: 7274: 7272: 7269: 7267: 7264: 7260: 7257: 7255: 7252: 7250: 7247: 7246: 7244: 7242: 7239: 7236: 7235: 7231: 7229: 7226: 7224: 7221: 7219: 7218:Black cowboys 7216: 7214: 7211: 7209: 7206: 7204: 7201: 7199: 7196: 7194: 7191: 7189: 7186: 7184: 7181: 7180: 7178: 7176: 7172: 7168: 7161: 7156: 7154: 7149: 7147: 7142: 7141: 7138: 7125: 7124: 7120: 7118: 7117: 7113: 7111: 7110: 7109:Latin Opinion 7106: 7104: 7103: 7099: 7097: 7096: 7092: 7090: 7089: 7085: 7083: 7082: 7078: 7076: 7075: 7071: 7069: 7068: 7063: 7060: 7059: 7057: 7053: 7047: 7044: 7042: 7039: 7038: 7036: 7032: 7026: 7023: 7021: 7018: 7016: 7013: 7011: 7008: 7006: 7003: 7001: 6998: 6996: 6993: 6991: 6988: 6986: 6983: 6981: 6978: 6976: 6973: 6971: 6968: 6966: 6963: 6961: 6958: 6956: 6955:Royal Theatre 6953: 6951: 6948: 6946: 6943: 6941: 6938: 6936: 6933: 6931: 6928: 6926: 6923: 6921: 6918: 6916: 6913: 6911: 6908: 6906: 6903: 6901: 6898: 6896: 6893: 6891: 6888: 6886: 6883: 6881: 6878: 6876: 6873: 6871: 6868: 6866: 6863: 6861: 6858: 6856: 6853: 6852: 6850: 6846: 6840: 6837: 6835: 6832: 6830: 6827: 6825: 6824:Little Poland 6822: 6820: 6817: 6815: 6812: 6810: 6807: 6805: 6802: 6800: 6797: 6795: 6792: 6790: 6787: 6785: 6782: 6780: 6777: 6776: 6774: 6772: 6768: 6762: 6759: 6757: 6754: 6752: 6749: 6747: 6744: 6742: 6739: 6737: 6734: 6732: 6729: 6727: 6724: 6722: 6719: 6717: 6714: 6712: 6709: 6707: 6704: 6702: 6699: 6697: 6694: 6692: 6689: 6687: 6684: 6682: 6679: 6677: 6674: 6672: 6669: 6667: 6664: 6662: 6659: 6657: 6654: 6653: 6651: 6647: 6643: 6636: 6631: 6629: 6624: 6622: 6617: 6616: 6613: 6607: 6604: 6601: 6598: 6596: 6593: 6590: 6587: 6585: 6582: 6580: 6577: 6574: 6571: 6570: 6561: 6557: 6554: 6550: 6549: 6545: 6541: 6538: 6534: 6531: 6527: 6526: 6523: 6519: 6515: 6512: 6508: 6507: 6504: 6500: 6496: 6493: 6490:Malka, Adam. 6489: 6486: 6482: 6479: 6475: 6472: 6468: 6467: 6464: 6460: 6456: 6453: 6449: 6448: 6444: 6440: 6436: 6433: 6429: 6426: 6422: 6421: 6402: 6398: 6392: 6377: 6373: 6367: 6365: 6350: 6346: 6340: 6325: 6321: 6315: 6301: 6297: 6291: 6277: 6273: 6267: 6265: 6263: 6261: 6246: 6242: 6236: 6218: 6212: 6198: 6194: 6188: 6174: 6170: 6164: 6150:. The Forward 6149: 6143: 6129: 6125: 6119: 6104: 6098: 6083: 6081:1-55728-593-4 6077: 6073: 6069: 6064: 6063: 6054: 6052: 6036: 6032: 6026: 6024: 6005: 5998: 5984: 5983: 5978: 5972: 5957: 5953: 5946: 5931: 5925: 5910: 5906: 5900: 5898: 5889: 5885: 5881: 5877: 5876: 5868: 5853: 5852: 5847: 5840: 5832: 5830:0-313-30517-X 5826: 5822: 5821: 5813: 5799:on 2008-02-15 5798: 5794: 5788: 5772: 5768: 5767: 5762: 5755: 5740: 5739:Baltimore.org 5736: 5730: 5715: 5711: 5710: 5705: 5698: 5684: 5680: 5674: 5660:on 2019-05-11 5659: 5655: 5651: 5645: 5631:on 2017-12-06 5630: 5626: 5622: 5616: 5602: 5598: 5592: 5585: 5579: 5570: 5563: 5557: 5550: 5544: 5529: 5525: 5518: 5516: 5508: 5504: 5499: 5493: 5491: 5484: 5469: 5463: 5455: 5451: 5448:Bock, James. 5444: 5429: 5425: 5421: 5414: 5405: 5398:(2): 299–300. 5397: 5393: 5389: 5382: 5367: 5363: 5359: 5352: 5337: 5333: 5327: 5313: 5309: 5303: 5289: 5285: 5279: 5264: 5260: 5254: 5247: 5241: 5234: 5228: 5213: 5212: 5204: 5202: 5194: 5188: 5181: 5175: 5168:. p. 77. 5167: 5164:Rice, Laura. 5160: 5153: 5147: 5132: 5126: 5112: 5108: 5102: 5094: 5088: 5080: 5076: 5070: 5055: 5049: 5035: 5031: 5025: 5011: 5007: 5001: 4987: 4980: 4974: 4956: 4950: 4948: 4929: 4923: 4909: 4905: 4899: 4885: 4878: 4872: 4870: 4868: 4852: 4846: 4840: 4839:0-8156-3105-7 4836: 4832: 4828: 4827: 4821: 4813: 4809: 4803: 4799: 4789: 4786: 4784: 4781: 4779: 4776: 4774: 4771: 4769: 4766: 4764: 4761: 4759: 4756: 4754: 4751: 4749: 4746: 4744: 4741: 4739: 4736: 4734: 4731: 4729: 4726: 4724: 4721: 4719: 4716: 4714: 4711: 4709: 4706: 4704: 4701: 4699: 4696: 4694: 4691: 4689: 4686: 4684: 4681: 4679: 4676: 4674: 4671: 4669: 4666: 4664: 4661: 4659: 4656: 4654: 4651: 4649: 4646: 4644: 4641: 4640: 4636: 4625: 4616: 4614: 4609: 4608: 4599: 4596: 4593: 4590: 4587: 4584: 4581: 4577: 4574: 4571: 4567: 4564: 4561: 4558: 4555: 4552: 4549: 4546: 4543: 4540: 4537: 4536:Richard Pryor 4533: 4530: 4527: 4523: 4520: 4517: 4514: 4511: 4508: 4505: 4502: 4499: 4496: 4493: 4492:Brandon Scott 4490: 4487: 4484: 4481: 4478: 4475: 4472: 4469: 4466: 4463: 4460: 4457: 4454: 4451: 4447: 4444: 4441: 4438: 4435: 4432: 4429: 4428:Nick J. Mosby 4426: 4423: 4420: 4417: 4414: 4411: 4408: 4405: 4402: 4399: 4396: 4393: 4390: 4387: 4384: 4381: 4378: 4375: 4372: 4369: 4366: 4363: 4359: 4356: 4353: 4350: 4347: 4344: 4341: 4338: 4335: 4332: 4329: 4326: 4323: 4320: 4317: 4314: 4311: 4308: 4305: 4302: 4299: 4295: 4292: 4289: 4286: 4283: 4279: 4276: 4273: 4270: 4267: 4264: 4261: 4258: 4255: 4252: 4249: 4245: 4244:Muggsy Bogues 4242: 4239: 4236: 4233: 4230: 4229: 4225: 4217: 4211: 4206: 4203: 4197: 4192: 4189: 4183: 4178: 4175: 4169: 4164: 4161: 4155: 4150: 4147: 4141: 4136: 4133: 4127: 4122: 4119: 4113: 4108: 4105: 4099: 4094: 4091: 4085: 4080: 4077: 4071: 4066: 4063: 4057: 4052: 4049: 4043: 4038: 4035: 4029: 4024: 4021: 4015: 4010: 4007: 4001: 3996: 3993: 3987: 3982: 3979: 3973: 3968: 3965: 3959: 3954: 3951: 3945: 3940: 3937: 3931: 3926: 3923: 3917: 3912: 3909: 3903: 3898: 3895: 3889: 3884: 3881: 3875: 3870: 3867: 3861: 3856: 3853: 3847: 3842: 3839: 3833: 3828: 3825: 3819: 3814: 3811: 3805: 3800: 3797: 3791: 3786: 3783: 3777: 3772: 3769: 3763: 3758: 3757: 3742: 3739: 3731: 3720: 3717: 3713: 3710: 3706: 3703: 3699: 3696: 3692: 3689: – 3688: 3684: 3683:Find sources: 3677: 3673: 3667: 3666: 3661:This article 3659: 3655: 3650: 3649: 3638: 3635: 3633: 3630: 3628: 3625: 3623: 3620: 3618: 3615: 3613: 3610: 3608: 3605: 3603: 3600: 3598: 3595: 3593: 3590: 3588: 3585: 3583: 3580: 3578: 3575: 3573: 3570: 3568: 3565: 3563: 3560: 3558: 3555: 3553: 3550: 3548: 3545: 3543: 3540: 3538: 3535: 3533: 3530: 3528: 3525: 3523: 3520: 3518: 3515: 3513: 3510: 3508: 3505: 3503: 3500: 3498: 3497:Gwynn's Falls 3495: 3493: 3490: 3488: 3485: 3483: 3480: 3478: 3475: 3473: 3470: 3468: 3465: 3463: 3460: 3458: 3455: 3453: 3450: 3448: 3445: 3443: 3440: 3438: 3435: 3433: 3432:Broadway East 3430: 3428: 3425: 3423: 3420: 3418: 3417:Belair-Edison 3415: 3413: 3410: 3408: 3405: 3404: 3396: 3393: 3385: 3374: 3371: 3367: 3364: 3360: 3357: 3353: 3350: 3346: 3343: – 3342: 3338: 3337:Find sources: 3331: 3327: 3321: 3320: 3315:This article 3313: 3309: 3304: 3303: 3295: 3293: 3292:black atheist 3283: 3281: 3277: 3273: 3268: 3264: 3260: 3256: 3252: 3248: 3244: 3234: 3232: 3228: 3224: 3220: 3219:Black Haitian 3216: 3212: 3208: 3198: 3196: 3192: 3188: 3180: 3176: 3170:Protestantism 3162: 3160: 3156: 3152: 3148: 3144: 3140: 3136: 3132: 3128: 3124: 3120: 3116: 3112: 3108: 3104: 3094: 3093:documentary. 3092: 3088: 3084: 3080: 3079: 3074: 3073: 3068: 3063: 3061: 3057: 3053: 3049: 3045: 3041: 3040:Regal Theatre 3037: 3033: 3029: 3025: 3021: 3017: 3013: 3009: 3008:Royal Theatre 2999: 2996: 2992: 2987: 2984: 2974: 2973: 2969: 2965: 2964:Afro-American 2961: 2957: 2956: 2946: 2937: 2935: 2931: 2927: 2926:Edward Blyden 2923: 2919: 2915: 2911: 2907: 2903: 2899: 2895: 2894:Walter Mosley 2891: 2887: 2883: 2879: 2876: 2872: 2864: 2860: 2851: 2848: 2846: 2842: 2838: 2834: 2832: 2828: 2824: 2819: 2815: 2811: 2807: 2802: 2800: 2796: 2792: 2788: 2784: 2775: 2766: 2764: 2751: 2747: 2743: 2728: 2725: 2721: 2717: 2713: 2704: 2694: 2685: 2681: 2678:This section 2676: 2673: 2669: 2668: 2660: 2658: 2654: 2650: 2649:largely white 2645: 2640: 2636: 2631: 2627: 2625: 2624: 2619: 2614: 2610: 2604: 2600: 2592: 2582: 2573: 2569: 2566:This section 2564: 2561: 2557: 2556: 2548: 2546: 2545: 2544:Afro American 2539: 2534: 2528: 2526: 2516: 2513: 2509: 2504: 2501: 2496: 2492: 2490: 2486: 2482: 2478: 2473: 2467: 2465: 2458:, March 2012. 2457: 2452: 2442: 2433: 2429: 2426:This section 2424: 2421: 2417: 2416: 2402: 2393: 2389: 2386:This section 2384: 2381: 2377: 2376: 2368: 2366: 2362: 2358: 2347: 2338: 2334: 2331:This section 2329: 2326: 2322: 2321: 2308: 2305: 2303: 2299: 2295: 2291: 2285: 2282: 2280: 2275: 2273: 2268: 2266: 2262: 2257: 2255: 2250: 2248: 2244: 2240: 2236: 2232: 2228: 2224: 2220: 2219:Jim Crow laws 2216: 2215:socioeconomic 2212: 2208: 2204: 2194: 2191: 2190: 2186: 2183: 2182: 2178: 2175: 2174: 2170: 2167: 2166: 2162: 2159: 2158: 2154: 2151: 2150: 2146: 2143: 2142: 2138: 2135: 2134: 2130: 2127: 2126: 2122: 2119: 2118: 2114: 2111: 2110: 2106: 2103: 2102: 2098: 2095: 2094: 2090: 2087: 2086: 2082: 2079: 2078: 2074: 2071: 2070: 2066: 2063: 2062: 2058: 2055: 2054: 2050: 2047: 2046: 2042: 2039: 2038: 2034: 2031: 2030: 2026: 2023: 2022: 2018: 2015: 2014: 2010: 2007: 2006: 2002: 1999: 1998: 1995:in Baltimore 1994: 1990: 1982: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1968: 1965:. The city's 1964: 1960: 1956: 1952: 1948: 1944: 1940: 1936: 1932: 1928: 1924: 1920: 1916: 1904: 1899: 1897: 1892: 1890: 1885: 1884: 1882: 1881: 1876: 1873: 1871: 1868: 1866: 1856: 1855: 1854: 1853: 1841: 1840:Minstrel show 1838: 1836: 1835:Magical Negro 1833: 1831: 1828: 1826: 1823: 1821: 1818: 1817: 1815: 1814: 1811: 1807: 1804: 1803: 1797: 1794: 1792: 1789: 1787: 1784: 1782: 1779: 1777: 1774: 1772: 1769: 1768: 1766: 1765: 1761: 1760: 1752: 1751: 1739: 1736: 1734: 1731: 1729: 1726: 1724: 1721: 1719: 1716: 1714: 1711: 1709: 1706: 1704: 1701: 1700: 1698: 1697: 1694: 1691: 1690: 1684: 1681: 1679: 1676: 1674: 1671: 1669: 1666: 1664: 1661: 1660: 1658: 1657: 1653: 1652: 1646: 1645:West Virginia 1643: 1641: 1638: 1636: 1633: 1631: 1628: 1626: 1623: 1621: 1618: 1616: 1613: 1611: 1608: 1606: 1603: 1601: 1598: 1597: 1595: 1594: 1591: 1588: 1587: 1581: 1580:San Francisco 1578: 1576: 1573: 1571: 1568: 1566: 1563: 1561: 1560:New York City 1558: 1556: 1553: 1551: 1548: 1546: 1543: 1541: 1538: 1536: 1533: 1531: 1528: 1526: 1523: 1521: 1518: 1516: 1513: 1511: 1508: 1506: 1503: 1501: 1498: 1496: 1493: 1491: 1488: 1487: 1485: 1484: 1480: 1479: 1473: 1470: 1468: 1465: 1463: 1460: 1458: 1455: 1453: 1450: 1448: 1445: 1443: 1440: 1438: 1435: 1433: 1430: 1428: 1425: 1423: 1420: 1418: 1415: 1413: 1410: 1408: 1405: 1403: 1400: 1398: 1395: 1393: 1390: 1388: 1385: 1383: 1380: 1378: 1375: 1373: 1370: 1368: 1365: 1363: 1360: 1359: 1357: 1356: 1352: 1351: 1343: 1342: 1330: 1327: 1325: 1322: 1318: 1315: 1314: 1313: 1310: 1309: 1307: 1306: 1302: 1301: 1295: 1292: 1290: 1287: 1285: 1282: 1278: 1275: 1274: 1273: 1270: 1269: 1267: 1266: 1262: 1261: 1253: 1252: 1240: 1237: 1236: 1234: 1233: 1229: 1228: 1222: 1219: 1217: 1214: 1212: 1211:Nova Scotians 1209: 1207: 1204: 1202: 1199: 1197: 1194: 1192: 1189: 1188: 1186: 1185: 1181: 1180: 1174: 1171: 1167: 1164: 1163: 1162: 1159: 1157: 1154: 1152: 1149: 1147: 1144: 1142: 1139: 1137: 1134: 1132: 1129: 1125: 1122: 1120: 1117: 1116: 1115: 1114:Black Indians 1112: 1110: 1107: 1105: 1102: 1100: 1097: 1096: 1094: 1093: 1089: 1088: 1080: 1079: 1068: 1065: 1063: 1060: 1058: 1055: 1053: 1052:HBCU (HBCUAC) 1050: 1048: 1045: 1044: 1043: 1042: 1038: 1037: 1032: 1029: 1028: 1027: 1026: 1018: 1017: 1005: 1002: 1000: 997: 995: 992: 990: 987: 985: 982: 980: 977: 975: 972: 970: 967: 965: 960: 959: 957: 956: 953:Organizations 952: 951: 943: 942: 930: 927: 925: 922: 920: 917: 915: 912: 910: 907: 905: 902: 900: 897: 895: 892: 890: 887: 885: 882: 880: 877: 875: 872: 870: 867: 865: 862: 861: 859: 858: 854: 853: 847: 844: 842: 839: 837: 834: 832: 829: 828: 826: 825: 822:Organizations 821: 820: 812: 811: 799: 796: 794: 791: 789: 786: 784: 781: 779: 776: 774: 771: 769: 766: 765: 763: 762: 758: 757: 751: 748: 746: 743: 742: 740: 739: 735: 734: 728: 725: 724: 722: 721: 717: 716: 711: 706: 705: 693: 690: 687: 683: 681: 678: 674: 671: 670: 669: 666: 664: 661: 657: 654: 653: 652: 649: 648: 646: 645: 641: 640: 634: 631: 629: 626: 624: 621: 619: 616: 615: 613: 612: 608: 607: 601: 598: 596: 593: 591: 588: 586: 583: 582: 580: 579: 575: 574: 568: 565: 563: 560: 558: 555: 554: 552: 551: 547: 546: 540: 537: 535: 532: 529: 526: 524: 521: 519: 516: 515: 513: 512: 508: 507: 501: 498: 496: 493: 491: 490:Neighborhoods 488: 486: 483: 481: 478: 476: 473: 471: 468: 466: 463: 461: 458: 456: 453: 452: 450: 449: 445: 444: 439: 434: 433: 422: 419: 417: 414: 412: 409: 408: 407: 406: 402: 401: 396: 393: 391: 388: 386: 383: 381: 378: 376: 373: 372: 371: 370: 366: 365: 360: 357: 355: 352: 350: 347: 345: 342: 340: 337: 335: 332: 328: 325: 324: 323: 320: 317: 313: 310: 308: 305: 303: 300: 298: 295: 293: 290: 288: 285: 283: 280: 279: 278: 277: 273: 272: 267: 262: 261: 258: 255: 254: 250: 246: 245: 239: 234: 229: 223: 217: 211: 200: 195: 193: 188: 186: 181: 180: 178: 177: 172: 171: 167: 166: 165: 164: 158: 155: 153: 150: 148: 145: 143: 140: 138: 135: 133: 130: 128: 125: 123: 120: 118: 115: 113: 110: 108: 105: 103: 100: 98: 95: 93: 90: 88: 85: 83: 80: 78: 75: 73: 70: 68: 65: 63: 60: 58: 55: 54: 53: 52: 49: 46: 45: 41: 40: 31: 26: 10019: 10005: 9952:Penn Station 9901:Kinetic Race 9851:Camden Yards 9806:Gwynns Falls 9770:Under Armour 9551:City Council 9449:Hammerjack's 9388:Mount Vernon 9343:Inner Harbor 9333:Fort McHenry 9323:Federal Hill 9045:Sportspeople 9015:Billionaires 8932:Sierra Leone 8835:Philadelphia 8755: 8671:Jacksonville 8498:Demographics 8330:Jack Johnson 8320:Muhammad Ali 8153:Conservatism 8088:Black church 7985:Andrew Young 7970:Ida B. Wells 7960:David Walker 7955:C. T. Vivian 7910:Paul Robeson 7905:Hiram Revels 7885:Colin Powell 7865:Barack Obama 7820:James Lawson 7775:Jimi Hendrix 7745:James Farmer 7740:Medgar Evers 7710:Ralph Bunche 7660:Maya Angelou 7634:Middle class 7512:Afrofuturism 7438: 7426: 7419: 7340: 7285: 7232: 7198:Afrocentrism 7188:Abolitionism 7121: 7114: 7107: 7100: 7093: 7086: 7079: 7072: 7065: 6848:Institutions 6839:Spanish Town 6814:Little Italy 6655: 6559: 6552: 6543: 6536: 6529: 6517: 6510: 6498: 6491: 6484: 6477: 6470: 6458: 6451: 6438: 6431: 6424: 6404:. Retrieved 6400: 6391: 6380:. Retrieved 6378:. 2023-02-01 6375: 6352:. Retrieved 6348: 6339: 6328:. Retrieved 6324:The Guardian 6323: 6314: 6303:. Retrieved 6299: 6290: 6279:. Retrieved 6275: 6248:. Retrieved 6244: 6235: 6224:. Retrieved 6211: 6200:. Retrieved 6196: 6187: 6176:. Retrieved 6172: 6163: 6152:. Retrieved 6142: 6131:. Retrieved 6127: 6118: 6107:. Retrieved 6097: 6085:. Retrieved 6061: 6039:. Retrieved 6011:. Retrieved 5997: 5986:. 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Rogers 2914:Amiri Baraka 2880: 2868: 2849: 2839:, headed by 2835: 2814:heterosexual 2803: 2780: 2739: 2709: 2688: 2684:adding to it 2679: 2663:21st century 2632: 2628: 2621: 2605: 2601: 2597: 2576: 2572:adding to it 2567: 2551:20th century 2542: 2529: 2522: 2505: 2497: 2493: 2468: 2461: 2436: 2432:adding to it 2427: 2411:19th century 2396: 2392:adding to it 2387: 2371:18th century 2354: 2341: 2337:adding to it 2332: 2316:17th century 2306: 2290:black flight 2286: 2283: 2276: 2269: 2258: 2251: 2200: 1992: 1985:Demographics 1914: 1912: 1738:Sierra Leone 1570:Philadelphia 1540:Jacksonville 1504: 1136:Brass Ankles 889:Conservatism 864:Afrocentrism 836:Joint Center 727:Black church 718:Institutions 633:Billionaires 623:Middle class 576:Celebrations 539:Fraternities 237: 232: 227: 221: 215: 170:Ethnic press 168: 67:Appalachians 56: 19:Ethnic group 9816:Herring Run 9765:Royal Farms 9408:Skyscrapers 9338:Harborplace 9328:Fells Point 9311:Attractions 9239:Ethnicities 9065:US senators 9035:Republicans 9020:Journalists 8877:San Antonio 8842:Puerto Rico 8783:Mississippi 8676:Tallahassee 8649:Los Angeles 8340:Jesse Owens 8325:Arthur Ashe 8183:Nationalism 8173:Raised fist 8136:Black power 8041:in medicine 7975:Roy Wilkins 7930:Emmett Till 7915:Al Sharpton 7680:Julian Bond 7675:James Bevel 7639:Upper class 7629:Stereotypes 7522:Black mecca 7434:Plantations 7213:Black Codes 6789:French Town 6731:Lithuanians 4548:Carl Stokes 4266:Kevin Clash 4160:Carl Stokes 3782:Kevin Clash 3632:Wilson Park 3542:Middle East 3447:Cherry Hill 3215:black elite 3201:Catholicism 3081:, starring 3018:along West 2930:Bobby Seale 2884:(father of 2804:Many black 2797:as well as 2724:Larry Hogan 2613:Eutaw Place 2477:New Orleans 2472:manumission 2227:Appalachian 2203:1790 census 2003:Percentage 1959:Appalachian 1923:2010 Census 1806:Stereotypes 1733:Nova Scotia 1615:Mississippi 1575:San Antonio 1555:Los Angeles 1490:Black mecca 1417:Mississippi 1324:Negro Dutch 1146:Dominickers 1090:Multiethnic 999:TransAfrica 909:Nationalism 879:Black power 663:Black pride 628:Upper class 327:Politicians 127:Lithuanians 9947:MARC Train 9871:SECU Arena 9801:Druid Hill 9745:Legg Mason 9534:Government 9454:Hippodrome 9373:Public art 9010:Astronauts 8800:New Jersey 8644:California 8148:Capitalism 7945:Nat Turner 7875:Rosa Parks 7860:Diane Nash 7830:John Lewis 7619:Newspapers 7589:Literature 7574:Juneteenth 7527:Businesses 7381:Exodusters 7349:Free Negro 6756:Ukrainians 6686:Ethiopians 6676:Caribbeans 6602:, Facebook 6406:2023-11-25 6382:2023-11-25 6354:2019-05-12 6330:2019-05-09 6305:2019-05-09 6281:2019-05-18 6250:2019-05-18 6226:2019-05-12 6202:2019-05-10 6178:2019-05-18 6154:2019-05-19 6133:2019-05-19 6109:2019-05-19 6070:. p. 6041:2019-05-18 6013:2019-05-19 5988:2019-05-18 5936:2019-05-09 5803:2019-05-09 5688:2019-05-09 5664:2019-05-11 5635:2019-05-19 5606:2019-05-19 5474:2019-05-18 5342:2023-12-18 5317:2023-12-18 5293:2023-12-18 5269:2023-12-18 5218:2019-05-11 5137:2019-05-11 5116:2020-08-28 5060:2019-05-12 5039:2019-05-09 5015:2019-05-12 4991:2019-05-09 4964:2019-05-12 4937:2019-05-12 4913:2019-05-18 4889:2019-05-18 4857:2019-05-09 4794:References 4615:characters 4598:Jack Young 4542:Sonja Sohn 4532:Rain Pryor 4526:Will Smith 4480:April Ryan 4328:Ken Harris 4216:Jack Young 4146:Sonja Sohn 4132:Rain Pryor 4048:April Ryan 3810:Ken Harris 3698:newspapers 3622:West Hills 3582:Ramblewood 3547:Mid-Govans 3522:Loch Raven 3352:newspapers 3286:Irreligion 3157:rooted in 3155:witchcraft 3141:, and the 3107:Protestant 3103:Christians 2918:Larry Neal 2888:) founded 2854:Literature 2831:J. L. King 2818:homophobia 2783:The Portal 1372:California 1346:Population 919:Patriotism 904:Liberalism 884:Capitalism 855:Ideologies 736:Theologies 595:Juneteenth 567:Literature 495:Newspapers 403:Migrations 334:Juneteenth 152:Ukrainians 82:Ethiopians 72:Caribbeans 9911:Preakness 9821:Patterson 9720:CoverGirl 9561:Delegates 9556:City Hall 9498:Education 9124:Monuments 9000:Activists 8852:Tennessee 8772:Michigan 8756:Baltimore 8746:Louisiana 8739:Lexington 8722:Davenport 8661:Cleveland 8560:Languages 8489:Melungeon 8467:Blaxicans 8335:Joe Louis 8190:Socialism 8126:Anarchism 7855:Bob Moses 7840:Malcolm X 7760:Fred Gray 7624:Soul food 7562:New Negro 7547:Folktales 7457:Redlining 6834:Otterbein 6799:Koreatown 6794:Greektown 5709:Fresh Air 4833:. p.142. 4422:Wes Moore 4310:Bea Gaddy 3562:Northwood 3552:Mondawmin 3532:Jonestown 3407:Ashburton 3276:schvartze 3115:Mormonism 3087:Meek Mill 2781:In 2001, 2626:(1917). 2508:Civil War 1830:Hollywood 1820:Blackface 1755:Prejudice 1673:US cities 1550:Lexington 1525:Davenport 1505:Baltimore 1481:US cities 1457:Tennessee 1407:Louisiana 1353:US states 1161:Melungeon 1131:Blaxicans 929:Socialism 894:Garveyism 869:Anarchism 673:Good hair 500:Soul food 470:Folktales 10042:Category 10026:Category 9877:Marathon 9826:Sherwood 9698:Industry 9571:Archives 9566:Senators 9318:Churches 9147:Category 8938:America 8904:Diaspora 8889:Virginia 8822:Oklahoma 8805:New York 8788:Nebraska 8751:Maryland 8734:Kentucky 8700:Illinois 8639:Arkansas 8544:Illinois 8482:of color 8168:Populism 8141:Movement 8058:Religion 7400:Lynching 7183:Timeline 7116:Telegraf 6746:Russians 6716:Italians 6661:Africans 5956:Deadline 4621:See also 4613:The Wire 4611:List of 4316:Joe Gans 4294:Carl Dix 3796:Joe Gans 3728:May 2019 3627:Westport 3617:Westgate 3587:Rosemont 3572:Pen Lucy 3507:Lakeland 3437:Brooklyn 3382:May 2019 3294:groups. 3151:agnostic 3139:Buddhism 3111:Catholic 3097:Religion 2960:The Afro 2823:machismo 2806:bisexual 2691:May 2019 2579:May 2019 2538:Jim 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