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at the dorsal edge of the shell. In life, the shell needs to be able to open slightly to allow the foot and siphons to protrude, and then close again, without the valves moving out of alignment with one another. To make this possible, in most cases the two valves are articulated using an arrangement
57:
In most families of bivalves, the two valves of the shell are almost perfectly symmetrical with one another along the hinge line, although the placement and shape of the teeth may differ slightly in the left valve and right valve in order for the two valves to articulate properly.
61:
Each related group of bivalves tends to have distinctive hinge teeth, and because of this, examining the arrangement of the hinge teeth in a bivalve shell is often essential for identification and classification.
681:
Huber, Markus (2010). Compendium of
Bivalves. A Full-color Guide to 3'300 of the World's Marine Bivalves. A Status on Bivalvia after 250 Years of Research. Hackenheim: ConchBooks. pp. 901 pp. + CD.
54:
of structures known as hinge teeth (often referred to collectively as the "dentition"). Like the ligament, the hinge teeth are also situated along the hinge line of the shell, in most cases.
426:, and generally also has elongated lateral teeth on the anterior and posterior margins (on one or both sides). This arrangement is characteristic of the venus clams (
77:
groups. Historically the hinge teeth have provided a convenient means by which to construct classification schemes and attempt to indicate the
73:
The hinge teeth, or the lack thereof, is an important feature in identifying bivalves because the teeth are generally similar within the major
751:
734:
784:
311:
hinge has lamellar ridges on or near the hinge plate, and these function as hinge teeth. This arrangement is characteristic of the
686:
389:
hinge has large obscure tubercules with corresponding pits on the opposite valve. This arrangement is characteristic of the
703:
747:
Invertebrate
Paleobiology on-line syllabus on Bivalves, by Dr. Burt Carter, Georgia Southwestern State University, at:
444:
777:
937:
207:
hinge has lateral tubercles and sockets on either side of a thick ligament which is referred to as a
584:
hinge is characterized by a strong ligament (or a series of transverse ligamental grooves as in the
483:
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286:
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hinge shows either one or two rows of similar interlocking teeth on either side of the
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46:
128:
895:
728:
682:
542:
962:
952:
835:
810:
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532:(or chondrophore) which replaces the cardinal teeth, as in the soft-shell clams (
42:
356:
teeth, and often an elongated lateral tooth. This arrangement is found in most
353:
947:
890:
880:
830:
423:
167:
149:
115:
107:
85:. There are formal names for the various types of hinge tooth arrangements or
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588:), however, true teeth are absent in adults as is the case in the pen shells (
422:
hinge has two to three wedge-shaped cardinal teeth set in the center near the
1013:
860:
850:
802:
648:
593:
166:
hinge shows a strong ligament along the hinge line, with weak teeth near the
31:
855:
845:
292:
232:
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A formal terminology is used to describe the different types of dentition.
993:
988:
277:
228:
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50:
865:
672:. American Malacological Society, Pittsburgh, PA, U.S.A. xii+455 Pp.
633:
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372:
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978:
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670:
The
Mollusks: A guide to their Study, Collection, and Preservation
16:
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212:
134:
111:
38:
35:
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are part of the anatomical structure of the inner surface of a
916:
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http://itc.gsw.edu/faculty/bcarter/paleo/labs/moll/biv2.htm
701:
by J.H. Leal, Bailey-Matthews Shell Museum, Florida, USA
45:, which are joined together by a strong and flexible
668:Sturm, C. F., T. A. Pearce, and A. Valdes. 2006.
600:), and some freshwater mussels such as the genus
528:hinge, the hinge consists of a large ligamentous
1011:
20:A close-up photograph of the hinge teeth of a
778:
306:
785:
771:
15:
92:
1012:
733:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
438:) and several other important groups.
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211:. This arrangement is typical of the
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110:, as is the case in the ark clams (
13:
41:. Bivalves by definition have two
14:
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81:relationships within the class
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352:hinge has reverse V-shaped
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10:
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930:
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300:
524:hinge, also known as an
596:), the pearl oysters (
307:
118:), and the nut clams (
34:, i.e. the shell of a
24:
231:), and kittens paws (
114:), the bittersweets (
19:
360:freshwater mussels.
315:, the jingle shells
93:Kinds of hinge teeth
393:, the jewel boxes.
227:), thorny oysters (
754:2020-02-25 at the
25:
1007:
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687:978-3-939767-28-2
592:), tree oysters (
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938:Adductor muscles
905:Other hard parts
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756:Wayback Machine
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116:Glycymerididae
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861:Prodissoconch
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851:Pallial sinus
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716:on 2013-05-11
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649:Isognomonidae
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32:bivalve shell
29:
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856:Periostracum
846:Pallial line
820:
743:
718:. Retrieved
711:the original
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293:Plicatulidae
233:Plicatulidae
204:
202:
170:, as in the
163:
161:
103:
101:
86:
79:phylogenetic
72:
64:
60:
56:
27:
26:
994:Trochophore
989:Pseudofeces
821:Hinge teeth
526:asthenodont
489:Veneridae:
471:Veneridae:
278:Spondylidae
229:Spondylidae
69:In taxonomy
28:Hinge teeth
984:Glochidium
958:Nephridium
931:Soft parts
816:Hinge line
720:2012-11-13
689:, at p. 59
657:References
567:Pholadidae
420:heterodont
414:Heterodont
387:pachyodont
381:Pachyodont
354:scissurate
350:schizodont
344:Schizodont
313:Pandoridae
263:Pectinidae
225:Pectinidae
51:hinge line
943:Ctenidium
876:Sculpture
866:Resilifer
634:Pteriidae
598:Pteriidae
530:resilifer
522:desmodont
516:Desmodont
508:Cardiidae
451:Veneridae
436:Cardiidae
428:Veneridae
373:Unionidae
358:Unionidae
336:Anomiidae
317:Anomiidae
248:Ostreidae
217:Ostreidae
191:Mytilidae
176:Mytilidae
120:Nuculidae
87:dentition
75:taxonomic
1014:Category
979:Abductin
922:Sea silk
871:Resilium
826:Ligament
752:Archived
729:cite web
699:Bivalves
619:Pinnidae
603:Anodonta
590:Pinnidae
406:Chamidae
391:Chamidae
321:Dimyidae
221:scallops
209:resilium
164:dysodont
158:Dysodont
104:taxodont
98:Taxodont
83:Bivalvia
47:ligament
22:nut clam
999:Veliger
796:anatomy
794:Bivalve
582:anodont
576:Anodont
520:In the
432:cockles
430:), the
424:umbones
213:oysters
205:isodont
199:Isodont
168:umbones
135:Arcidae
112:Arcidae
108:umbones
39:mollusk
36:bivalve
963:Siphon
953:Mantle
912:Byssus
896:Annuli
836:Lunule
811:Callus
685:
550:Myidae
534:Myidae
492:Dosina
474:Tivela
319:, and
308:crurae
301:Crurae
43:valves
972:Other
917:Pearl
886:Valve
881:Umbo
841:Nacre
803:Shell
714:(PDF)
707:(PDF)
651:hinge
636:hinge
621:hinge
570:hinge
553:hinge
510:hinge
495:hinge
477:hinge
459:hinge
456:Pitar
408:hinge
375:hinge
338:hinge
295:hinge
280:hinge
265:hinge
250:hinge
193:hinge
152:hinge
137:hinge
891:Beak
831:Lira
735:link
683:ISBN
580:The
418:The
385:The
348:The
305:The
203:The
162:The
102:The
536:).
235:).
219:),
178:).
122:).
1016::
731:}}
727:{{
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323:.
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779:t
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737:)
723:.
434:(
223:(
215:(
174:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
