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Squat (exercise)

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641:– Partial rep squats only move through a partial range of movement (PROM) when compared with full squats which move through a full range of movement (FROM). PROM for a squat usually means the higher stronger phase of a squat's strength phase sequence (strength curve), but may also refer to just squatting for the lower weaker phase. When partial squats are used to strengthen the higher ROM this usually involves significantly increasing the weight in comparison to the weight used for a full squat. The percentage lifted of the stronger higher phase's 1RM can therefore be increased and not limited by the requirement to move through the weaker lower range of movement e.g. a person lifts 100% of his 1RM for the higher stronger phase which is 150 kg. If he did a full squat he would only have been able to do about 66% of his stronger phases 1RM because his 1RM for a full squat, including the weaker lower phase, is 100 kg. Training with heavier partial squats can help to improve general strength and power. It can also be more beneficial for sports and athletics as that ROM is more likely to be required in those activities i.e. it is rare to need to perform a full squat in sport, whereas partial squatting happens frequently. Partial squatting with a heavier weight than a full squat allows for can also help to improve a person's 1RM for a full squat. When partial squatting only the lower phase this is usually to strengthen that relatively weak phase of the lift in order to overcome a sticking point i.e. a point a person gets "stuck" at and finds it difficult to progress past. It is commonly recommended that partial squats are best used in conjunction with full squats. 619:- The single leg squat (SLS), also known as a unilateral squat, involves squatting with one leg instead of two (which is a bilateral squat). Usually the leg which is held off the ground moves behind the person as they squat, but alternatively the person may position it ahead of themselves. Bilateral split squats which significantly increase the work performed by the front leg are sometimes erroneously referred to as single leg squats due to this emphasis. Single leg squats can be used to strengthen a person's stabilizer muscles more so than two legged squats and improve their ability to balance. They can also be used to remove muscle imbalances in the body by ensuring that, when performed alternatively, the right and left leg do the same amount of work. In comparison to two footed squats, the barbell weight only needs to be half of what it would be, minus the lifter's weight for the legs to perform the same amount of work i.e. for a 80 kg lifter, lifting 40 kg using only the left leg, means the left leg is lifting the equivalent of what it does in a two footed squat with 160 kg. This means that the single leg squat can be used in rehabilitation programmes where there is a need to avoid heavier loading of the back. 635:– In keeping with variable resistance training in general, a variable resistance squat involves altering the resistance during the movement in order that it better matches, in percentage terms, the respective 1RM for each strength phase the person is moving through i.e. more resistance in the higher stronger phase and less in the weaker lower phase e.g. 60 kg in the lower phase and 90 kg in the higher phase. Such an alteration of resistance can be achieved by the use of heavy chains which are attached to either end of the barbell. The chains are gradually lifted from the floor as the barbell is raised and vice versa when it is lowered. Thick elastic bands which are more stretched in the higher phase and less stretched in the lower phase can also be used. Combining heavier partial reps with lighter full reps can also help to train the stronger and weaker phases of the movement so the percentage of 1RM lifted for each phase respectively is more similar. Training with variable resistance squats is a technique used to increase speed and explosive power. 821:– the person stands with one foot on the ground and the other foot raised. They bend their standing leg and move downwards. Their raised leg moves behind them with the knee coming close to the heel of the grounded foot. Due to the extra effort required to balance, one legged squats can help to additionally improve a person's sense of balance. As with other forms of one legged exercise performed alternately, they can also help to mitigate against an excessive strength variation between the legs, as both legs are made to perform the same level of work e.g. in a two legged squat a person's right leg may do 55% of the work and their left leg 45%, which may result in an excessively uneven level of strength developing. By switching between using the right leg and left leg in one legged squats, a person can better ensure that each leg is doing the same level of work i.e. the right or left leg does 100% of the work for each respective one legged squat. 760: 536: 852: 841: 1102: 1361: 1389: 1284: 1375: 1347: 1319: 1298: 1210: 1164: 1132: 1118: 1086: 1070: 1054: 1022: 524: 388: 1178: 454: 1240: 1194: 885: 373: 1226: 1148: 1403: 727: 1038: 1268: 1254: 592:– the barbell is held in the crooks of the arms, on the inside of the elbow. One method of performing this is to deadlift the barbell, hold it against the thighs, squat into the lower portion of the squat, and then hold the bar on the thighs as you position the crook of your arm under the bar and then stand up. This sequence is reversed once the desired number of repetitions has been performed. Named after Ed Zercher, a 1930s 1333: 810: 51: 982:
degrees because it places less force compared to deeper depths. Another study shows that decline squats at angles higher than 16 degrees may not be beneficial for the knee and fails to decrease calf tension. Other studies have indicated that the best squat to hone quadriceps, without inflaming the patellofemoral joint, occurs between 0 and 50 degrees.
551:. According to European strength sports expert and Germanist Emmanuel Legeard this name was derived from the original form of the exercise where the heels were joined. The hack squat was thus a squat performed the way Prussian soldiers used to click their heels ("Hacken zusammen"). The hack squat was popularized in the 250:, reaching maximal contraction at the bottom of the movement while slowing and reversing descent. The muscles around the hips provide the power out of the bottom. If the knees slide forward or cave in then tension is taken from the hamstrings, hindering power on the ascent. Returning to vertical contracts the muscles 787:– also called a baithak, or a deep knee bend on toes. It is performed without additional weight, and body weight placed on the forefeet and toes with the heels raised throughout; during the movement the knees track far past the toes. The baithak was a staple exercise of ancient Indian wrestlers. It was also used by 966:. Others, however, continue to advocate the squat as one of the best exercises for building muscle and strength. Some coaches maintain that incomplete squats (those terminating above parallel) are both less effective and more likely to cause injury than full squat (terminating with hips at or below knee level). 606:
Henry 'Milo' Steinborn, this unique and risky variation literally turns the squat sideways. The complex lift requires an athlete to stand the barbell up so that is perpendicular to the ground and position themselves underneath. Then, they'll pull the barbell like a lever down across their upper back
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Combining single-limb squats and decline angles have been used to rehabilitate knee extensors. Conducting squats at a declined angle allows the knee to flex despite possible pain or lack of mobilization in the ankle. If therapists are looking to focus on the knee during squats, one study shows that
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can be attached to either end of the barbell in order to vary resistance at different phases of the movement. This may be done to increase resistance in the stronger upper phase of the movement in order to better meet a person's 1RM for that phase. Bands can also be used to reduce resistance in the
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Common errors of squat form include descending too rapidly and flexing the torso too far forward. Rapid descent risks being unable to complete the lift or causing injury. This occurs when the descent causes the squatting muscles to relax and tightness at the bottom is lost as a result. Over-flexing
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also have wooden wedges built into the sole to achieve the same effect). Wrist straps are another piece of recommended equipment; they support the wrist and help to keep it in a straightened position. They should be wrapped around the wrist, above and below the joint, thus limiting movement of the
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Forced repetitions are used when training until failure. They are completed by completing an additional 2–4 reps (assisted) at the end of the set. Partial repetitions are also used in order to maintain a constant period of tension in order to promote hypertrophy. Lastly, drop-sets are an intense
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The squat has been used in clinical settings to strengthen lower body musculature with little or no harm after joint-related injury. Young people may benefit by enhanced athletic performance and reduced injury as they mature, and movement competency can ensure independent living in the elderly.
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Deeper squats are associated with higher compressive loads on patellofemoral joint and it is possible that people who suffer from pain in this joint cannot squat at increased depths. For some knee rehabilitation activities, patients might feel more comfortable with knee flexion between 0 and 50
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Squats can be performed to varying depths. The competition standard is for the crease of the hip (top surface of the leg at the hip joint) to fall below the top of the knee; this is colloquially known as "parallel" depth. Although it may be confusing, many other definitions for "parallel" depth
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A 2013 review concluded that deep squats performed with proper technique do not lead to increased rates of degenerative knee injuries and are an effective exercise. The same review also concluded that shallower squats may lead to degeneration in the lumbar spine and knees in the long-term.
59: 874:, a version of the pistols squat where instead of extending the non-working leg out in front, it is bent and placed behind the working leg while squatting, perhaps held behind in a hand. Shrimp squats may be performed with the foot flat on the floor or with the heel raised. 430:
joint. Heel wedges and related equipment are discouraged by some as they are thought to worsen form over the long term. The barbell can also be cushioned with a special padded sleeve, called a barbell pad. This helps to reduce pressure from the steel barbell on the back.
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doing single-limb squats at a 16-degree decline angle has the greatest activation of the knee extensors without placing excessive pressure on the ankles. This same study also found that a 24-degree decline angle can be used to strengthen ankles and knee extensors.
781:– a non-weight bearing variation of the squat exercise, with the hands facing each other overhead, biceps aligned with the ears, and feet hip-width apart. This exercise is a predictor of total-body flexibility, mobility, and possible lower body dysfunction. 191:. Wherever the bar is positioned on the back, various torso bracing actions are taken to ensure that it does not come into direct contact with the spine as this can lead to discomfort and injury. This can be a problem for new squatters who squat in a 613:– it is similar to a normal back squat only the lifter is positioned on their forefeet and toes, with their heels raised, throughout the repetition. Usually, the weight used is not more than moderate in comparison to a flat footed, heavy back squat. 414:. The monolift rack allows an athlete to perform a squat without having to take a couple of steps back with weight on as opposed to conventional racks. Not many powerlifting federations allow monolift in competitions (WPO, GPC, IPO). 2952: 441:
lower weaker phase by being hung from a power rack and the barbell being increasingly supported by them as it is lowered. This can help someone to overcome a 'sticking' point. A squat performed using these techniques is called a
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A movement may be considered as having any number of strength phases but usually is considered as having two main phases: a stronger and a weaker. When the movement becomes stronger during the exercise, this is called an
625:– the barbell is positioned similarly to a back squat. The exerciser squats down, before moving upwards into a jump, and then landing in approximately the same position. The loaded squat jump is a form of 607:
and receive the load in the squatted position. From there, the lifter must stand the weight up, perform some squats, and return the barbell to the floor in the same reverse fashion that they picked it up.
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style as they may not have enough muscle mass to form a cushion for the bar and prevent it from applying pressure directly to their spine. A barbell pad can be used to help alleviate pressure or a
148:. It is also considered a staple exercise in many popular recreational exercise programs. In powerlifting, it is categorized as raw squats or equipped squats which involves wearing a squat suit. 199:
style can be used. The squatting movement is initiated by moving the hips back and bending the knees and hips to lower the torso and accompanying weight, then returning to the upright position.
3048: 880:- a half-squat, performed by being balanced on the forefeet throughout the repetition, with fingertips touching across the chest. This squat can be performed quickly and in high repetitions. 491:
Box squat – at the bottom of the motion the squatter will sit down on a bench or other type of support then rise again. The box squat is commonly utilized by powerlifters to train the squat.
473:– the bar is held on the back of the body upon the upper trapezius muscle, near to the base of the neck. Alternatively, it may be held lower across the upper back and rear deltoids. In 515:, or with the arms crossed and hands placed on top of the barbell. In addition to the muscles used in the back squat, the front squat also uses muscles of the upper back such as the 1630: 391:
A barbell pad reduces pressure from the steel barbell on the back. The pad may be straight, but some have an indented centre to further reduce direct pressure to the spine.
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Squats can be used for some rehabilitative activities because they hone stability without excessive compression on the tibiofemoral joint and anterior cruciate ligament.
829:– a bodyweight single leg squat done to full depth, while the other leg is extended off the floor and positioned somewhere in front. Sometimes dumbbells, kettlebells or 274:, which can adversely stress the knee joint. An additional common error is the raising of heels off the floor, which reduces the contribution of the gluteus muscles. 1670: 896:– the knees travel over the toes, stretching the quadriceps and the body leans backwards. Can be done in a special sissy squat machine, and can also be weighted. 2411:
Hartmann H, Wirth K, Klusemann M (October 2013). "Analysis of the load on the knee joint and vertebral column with changes in squatting depth and weight load".
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which has a camber in the middle, two handles, and padding. The use of a safety squat bar may help to reduce the risk of causing or aggravating an injury.
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and articular cartilages in the knee peak at these same high angles. This makes the relative safety of deep versus shallow squats difficult to determine.
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Sumo squat – A variation of the back squat where the feet are placed slightly wider than shoulder width apart and the feet pointed outwards.
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exercise where the squatter engages in a rapid eccentric contraction and jumps forcefully off the floor at the top of the range of motion.
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i.e. chin ups, upright row, standing lateral raise. Some exercises involve a different pattern of strong-weak-strong. This is called a
654:– an assisted one-legged squat where the non-lifting leg is rested on the ground a few steps behind the lifter, as if it were a static 3304: 2059: 2930: 2598: 1637: 2171: 3004: 3193: 2574: 1614: 1523: 1004: 2655: 3297: 2978: 2791:"PR 380kg squat x 5 reps. My squats are ridiculously strong at the moment and I can't wait to show that on competition day" 2093: 2632: 1219: 1141: 955:
Although the squat has long been a basic element of weight training, it has not been without controversy over its safety.
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in which the trainee lowers their hips from a standing position and then stands back up. During the descent, the hip and
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exercise used to increase explosive power. Variations of this exercise may involve the use of a trap bar or dumbbells.
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are added for resistance. Pistol squats may be performed with the foot flat on the floor or with the heel raised.
677:– is an exercise performed the same as other squat variations except the weight is attached to a hip belt i.e. a 2513:"A Biomechanical Investigation of a Single-Limb Squat: Implications for Lower Extremity Rehabilitation Exercise" 1719: 106: 759: 3981: 995:
workout done in at the end of a set which runs until failure and continues with a lower weight without rest.
927:(IGF-1) is not raised acutely by squat exercise, resistance-trained men and women have higher resting IGF-1. 485:. These variations are called low bar (or powerlifting squat) and high bar (or Olympic squat), respectively. 3030: 2346:"The back squat: A proposed assessment of functional deficits and technical factors that limit performance" 924: 2304:
Kraemer WJ, Ratamess NA (2005). "Hormonal responses and adaptations to resistance exercise and training".
547:– the barbell is held in the hands just behind the legs; this exercise was first known as Hacke (heel) in 167:
The squat begins from a standing position. Weight is often added and is typically in the form of a loaded
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is held in the hands while squats are performed. More commonly referred to as "trap bar deadlifts."
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Squat for reps – 130 kg (287 lb) (with singly ply suit) for 29 reps in two minutes by
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Squat is a large muscle-mass resistance exercise. As such, squats acutely produces increases in
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Squat for reps – 238 kg (525 lb) (with singly ply suit) for 23 reps in one minute by
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Squat for reps – 329 kg (725 lb) (with singly ply suit) for 15 reps in one minute by
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the barbell is often held in a lower position in order to create a lever advantage, while in
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Squat for reps – 67 kg (148 lb) (own bodyweight) for 42 reps in one minute by
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Squat for reps – 82 kg (181 lb) (own bodyweight) for 42 reps in one minute by
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completing a heavy squat in competition. The spotters are on either side of him and the
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in his training regime. It may also be performed with the hands resting on an upturned
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it is often held in a higher position which produces a posture closer to that of the
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Double T 'cambered bar' squat (with single-ply suit) – 438 kg (966 lb) by
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Wiliam Eliassen & Atle Hole Saeterbakken & Roland van den Tillaar (2018).
775:– done with no weight or barbell, often at higher repetitions than other variants. 3927: 3488: 3152: 3126: 2647: 2363: 2227: 1261:
Most pistol squats in one minute (no added weight/ bodyweight only) – 52 reps by
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Most sumo squats in one hour (no added weight/ bodyweight only) – 5,135 reps by
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Equipped squat (with multi-ply suit and wraps) – 432.5 kg (953 lb) by
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Equipped squat (with multi-ply suit and wraps) – 595 kg (1,312 lb) by
750:- (aka Pin Squat, Bottoms Up Squat) starting the squat from the bottom position. 566:. It is different from the hack squat performed with the use of a squat machine. 3564: 3494: 3445: 3422: 3350: 2529: 1444:
i.e. bench press, squat, deadlift. And when it becomes weaker this is called a
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Equipped squat (with single-ply suit and wraps) – 335 kg (739 lb) by
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Squat for reps – 200 kg (441 lb) (Raw) for 29 reps in one minute by
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Dutton's Orthopaedic: Examination, Evaluation and Intervention, Fifth Edition
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Musculoskeletal Assessment: Joint Range of Motion And Manual Muscle Strength
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reduces the role of hip movement in the squat and in this sense resembles a
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the torso greatly increases the forces exerted on the lower back, risking a
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may also be used. When a barbell is used, it may be braced across the upper
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Most squats in one day (no added weight/ bodyweight only) – 25,000 reps by
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Most squats in one hour (no added weight/ bodyweight only) – 4,708 reps by
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Most squats in one minute (no added weight/ bodyweight only) – 84 reps by
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grip; however, it is also possible to use a closer grip if balance allows.
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Squat for reps – 380 kg (838 lb) (Raw) for 5 reps (paused) by
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parallel to the floor; and the top of the upper thigh (i.e., top of the
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Squats are considered a vital exercise for increasing the strength and
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Playboy bunny smith machine squat – 453.5 kg (1,000 lb) by
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The hack squat as pictured on page 70 of George Hackenschmidt's book
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i.e. bicep curls where there can be a sticking point roughly midway.
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Some trainers claim that squats are associated with injuries to the
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Video of squat recommendations with demonstration by a chiropractor
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The squat has a number of variants, some of which can be combined:
207:. From shallowest to deepest, these other standards are: bottom of 172: 141: 1077:
Cement block smith machine squat – 439.5 kg (969 lb) by
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can be used to reduce risk of injury and eliminate the need for a
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Squat for reps – 345 kg (761 lb) (Raw) for 12 reps by
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Squat for reps – 371 kg (818 lb) (Raw) for 7 reps by
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Squat for reps – 400 kg (882 lb) (Raw) for 4 reps by
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Cornacchia L, Bompa TO, Di Pasquale MG, Di Pasquale M (2003).
2953:"Most times to squat lift own bodyweight in one minute (male)" 809: 2923:"Throwback: Thor Bjornsson Squats 200kg For 29 Grueling Reps" 1253: 422: 277: 216: 136:
The squat is one of the three lifts in the strength sport of
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Ferraresi, Cleber; Rodrigues Bertucci, Danilo, eds. (2016).
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Periodic Table of Bodyweight Exercises with Clickable Videos
2008:"Chains & Bands Are The Secret To Stronger Front Squats" 187:, or held lower across the back and rear deltoids, termed a 58: 2564: 1798:
The Insider's Tell-All Handbook on Weight-Lifting Technique
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Starting position of a front squat using a cross-armed grip
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abound, none of which represents the standard in organized
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Raw squat (with sleeves) – 490 kg (1,080 lb) by
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or dumbbell on to one's chest and abdomen with both hands.
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Various types of equipment can be used to perform squats.
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Raw squat (with sleeves) – 311 kg (686 lb) by
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Raw squat (with wraps) – 525 kg (1,157 lb) by
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Strength Training: Methods, Health Benefits and Doping
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Raw squat (with wraps) – 320 kg (705 lb) by
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to support the torso and boards to wedge beneath the
1579:. Calgary: University of Calgary Press. p. 59. 231:
decrease at high flexion, compressive forces on the
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when standing up. Squats also help the hip muscles.
2670:"1,000 LB Squat No Sweat for Don Reinhoudt in 1979" 1498: 1496: 3250: 2460: 2083: 973: 2866:"Žydrūnas Savickas Workout Routine and Diet Plan" 2343: 1109:Steinborn squat – 256.5 kg (565 lb) by 238:As the body descends, the hips and knees undergo 3963: 3952:(c) – compound exercise, (i) – isolated exercise 2216:. Strength.stack52.com. Retrieved on 2015-04-24. 2136:"Anderson Squat – How It Benefits Your Training" 1493: 101:of the lower body muscles as well as developing 3319: 2816:"Shirt says it all. 817LBS(371KG) x 7 (rep pr)" 2461:Jaberzadeh S, Yeo D, Zoghi M (September 2016). 2339: 2337: 2303: 2299: 2297: 2295: 2293: 1714:. Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins, p. 374, 1661:. Usapowerlifting.com. Retrieved on 2013-08-05. 425:to improve stability and allow a deeper squat ( 2625:"Vlad Alhazov Squats 1,157 with Wraps Only!!!" 2172:"Exercise focus – single leg bodyweight squat" 1848:The Way To Live in Health and Physical Fitness 1598: 1596: 1510:Starting Strength: Basic Barbell Training, p.8 3305: 2560: 2558: 1945:International Journal of Sports Physiotherapy 1845: 572:– the barbell is held overhead in a wide-arm 2404: 2334: 2290: 2160:, California: Ohara Publications, 1975, p.29 2111:"6 Reasons to Train with a Safety Squat Bar" 2088:. Victory Belt Publishing Inc. p. 447. 1673:. Home.comcast.net. Retrieved on 2013-08-05. 406:partner. By putting the bar on a track, the 3184:. Guinness World Records Limited. pp.  2225: 2108: 1602: 1593: 1541: 1539: 1537: 1535: 3312: 3298: 3280:WebMD summary of health benefits of squats 2555: 2232:. McGraw Hill Professional. p. 1009. 1899:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 1860:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 1577:The Complete Holistic Guide to Working Out 1550:. Lippincott Wims & Wilkins. pp.  1470: 1468: 2538: 2528: 2478: 2371: 2084:Bret Contreras PhD, Glen Cordoza (2019). 1956: 3005:"Most squats in one minute (single leg)" 2841:"HIGH REP SQUATS 345KG/760LBS X 12 Reps" 2569:. Hauppauge, New York: Nova Publishers. 2510: 2278:. Muscle and Strength. 16 September 2009 2169: 1795: 1532: 1502: 950: 910: 883: 808: 758: 725: 579: 534: 522: 452: 386: 371: 276: 246:) and muscles around the joint contract 155: 57: 49: 3177: 2920: 2722:"2022 Arnold Strongman Classic Event 1" 2674:SBD World’s Strongest Man Facebook page 2344:Myer GD, Kushner AM, McGill SM (2014). 2031: 1912: 1910: 1874: 1749: 1574: 1465: 14: 3964: 2700:The World’s Strongest Man YouTube page 2506: 2504: 2502: 2500: 2498: 2456: 2454: 2452: 2388: 2195: 2057: 2005: 1769: 1710:Clarkson, HM, and Gilewich, GB (1999) 1435: 1433: 109:muscles used during the squat are the 3293: 2635:from the original on 13 October 2023. 2032:Wayland, William (17 November 2014). 1979: 1920:. bodybuilding.com. 16 September 2009 1609:. Leeds: Human Kinetics. p. 60. 1545: 1005:Progression of the squat world record 215:itself below the top of the knee, or 86:; conversely the hip and knee joints 2876:from the original on 19 October 2021 2658:from the original on 8 October 2023. 2645: 2467:Physiotherapy Research International 1907: 1685:. T Nation. Retrieved on 2013-08-05. 686:– a squat performed while holding a 3181:2013 Guinness World Records Limited 2896:"Tom Platz Squat & Leg Workout" 2495: 2449: 2109:Taylor CSCS, Ryan (29 April 2019). 1980:Bosse, Christian (5 January 2017). 1695:A Closer Look at the Parallel Squat 1430: 767:performing baithaks (Hindu squats). 417:Other equipment used can include a 24: 2979:"Most squats in one minute (male)" 2006:Barker, Matthew (15 August 2017). 1659:USA Powerlifting Online Newsletter 25: 4003: 3273: 3257:. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. 2351:Strength and Conditioning Journal 1603:Shepard, Greg; Goss, Kim (2017). 254:, and the hips and knees undergo 3049:"Most squats in 24 hours (male)" 2933:from the original on 29 May 2022 2320:10.2165/00007256-200535040-00004 2170:Shephard, John (20 March 2020). 1548:Introduction to exercise science 1514:. The Aasgaard Company. p.  1401: 1387: 1373: 1359: 1345: 1331: 1317: 1296: 1282: 1266: 1252: 1238: 1224: 1208: 1192: 1176: 1162: 1146: 1130: 1116: 1100: 1084: 1068: 1052: 1036: 1020: 998: 923:(especially in women). Although 850: 839: 722:– a squat using a monolift rack. 3241: 3220: 3202: 3171: 3145: 3119: 3093: 3067: 3041: 3023: 2997: 2971: 2945: 2914: 2888: 2858: 2833: 2808: 2783: 2758: 2732: 2714: 2688: 2662: 2639: 2591: 2268: 2246: 2219: 2207: 2189: 2163: 2150: 2138:. Barbend.com. 28 November 2016 2128: 2102: 2077: 2051: 2025: 1999: 1973: 1932: 1868: 1839: 1814: 1789: 1743: 1725: 1704: 1688: 974:Squats used in physical therapy 289: 3228:"Most sumo squats in one hour" 2921:English, Nick (14 June 2018). 2156:Lee, Bruce,'Preliminaries' in 1846:Hackenschmidt, George (1908). 1701:, March/April 2008, pp. 36–38. 1676: 1664: 1647: 1623: 1568: 763:A photo of an Indian wrestler 754: 602:– named after the traditional 13: 1: 2058:Bryant, Josh (11 July 2017). 2034:"Salvaging the partial squat" 1752:"The 11 Worst Squat Mistakes" 1459: 442: 27:Workout that targets the legs 2517:Journal of Athletic Training 2364:10.1519/SSC.0000000000000103 1750:Sandvik E (5 October 2016). 925:insulin-like growth factor 1 738:– a squat performed using a 367: 211:parallel to the ground; the 7: 2646:Boly, Jake (3 March 2019). 1631:"Technical Rules Book 2013" 1411: 448: 10: 4008: 2530:10.4085/1062-6050-43.5.477 1875:Legeard, Emmanuel (2008). 1450:bell shaped strength curve 1002: 553:English-speaking countries 464: 183:muscle, which is termed a 36: 29: 3977:Weight training exercises 3890: 3871: 3851: 3795: 3745: 3692: 3649: 3605: 3586: 3542: 3510: 3444: 3372: 3328: 3253:Serious strength training 3031:"Most squats in one hour" 2427:10.1007/s40279-013-0073-6 2276:"Sissy Squat Video Guide" 1683:6 Things I Really Dislike 1671:Hi- and Low-bar Squatting 1653:Hanna, Wade (March 2002) 1446:descending strength curve 990:Different Sets For Squats 633:Variable resistance squat 555:by early 1900s wrestler, 443:variable resistance squat 3248: 2394: 1775: 1606:Bigger, Faster, Stronger 1442:ascending strength curve 1423: 1306: 919:(especially in men) and 860:A basic single leg squat 773:Body-weight or air squat 706:– using a squat machine. 668: 645: 43:Baithak (disambiguation) 2158:The Tao of Jeet Kune Do 1575:Pinchas, Yigal (2006). 1220:Hafþór Júlíus Björnsson 1142:Hafþór Júlíus Björnsson 795:or the back of a chair. 151: 133:muscles, among others. 3553:Close-grip bench press 3232:Guinness World Records 3214:Guinness World Records 3053:Guinness World Records 3035:Guinness World Records 3009:Guinness World Records 2983:Guinness World Records 2957:Guinness World Records 2254:"Weighted sissy squat" 1879:. Paris. p. 218. 1699:Bigger Faster Stronger 1009: 889: 819:Basic single leg squat 814: 768: 731: 611:Deep knee bend on toes 585: 559:. It is also called a 540: 532: 458: 392: 384: 286: 268:spinal disc herniation 164: 82:while the ankle joint 63: 55: 54:The barbell back squat 41:. For other uses, see 32:Squat (disambiguation) 1655:Squat depth clarified 951:Injury considerations 911:Clinical significance 888:A sissy squat machine 887: 812: 762: 729: 662:Bulgarian split squat 583: 538: 526: 456: 390: 375: 280: 242:, the ankle extends ( 159: 61: 53: 3982:Bodyweight exercises 3862:Side-lying leg raise 3607:Abdomen and obliques 3533:Reverse grip push-up 3157:Openpowerlifting.org 3131:Openpowerlifting.org 3105:Openpowerlifting.org 3101:"Galina Karpova (F)" 3079:Openpowerlifting.org 2631:. 23 December 2018. 2226:Mark Dutton (2020). 2203:. February 2007: 32. 2197:Aschwanden, Christie 2064:muscleandfitness.com 2038:Powering-through.com 1918:"Machine Hack Squat" 1048:Ray Orlando Williams 557:George Hackenschmidt 511:grip, as is used in 140:, together with the 90:and the ankle joint 30:For other uses, see 3903:Bodyweight exercise 3234:. 16 December 2007. 3075:"Leah Reichman (F)" 2959:. 10 September 2022 2511:Richards J (2008). 1850:. York. p. 70. 1796:McRobert S (1999). 519:to support the bar. 427:weightlifting shoes 419:weight lifting belt 322:Stabilizing muscles 3992:Squatting position 3913:Muscle hypertrophy 3855:(inside of thighs) 3718:Dirty dog exercise 3559:Close grip push-up 3178:Glenday C (2013). 3153:"Sonita Muluh (F)" 3127:"April Mathis (F)" 3107:. 24 February 2012 3055:. 5 September 2020 3037:. 8 November 2007. 2985:. 9 September 2022 2629:Powerlifting Watch 2256:. bodybuilding.com 1986:christianbosse.com 1418:Squatting position 890: 870:– also called the 815: 769: 732: 730:A safety squat bar 704:Machine hack squat 696:– a squat using a 586: 541: 539:Machine hack squat 533: 459: 393: 385: 301:Quadriceps femoris 287: 165: 111:quadriceps femoris 64: 56: 3987:Physical exercise 3959: 3958: 3938:Flywheel training 3932:List of exercises 3749:(front of thighs) 3577:Triceps extension 3477:handstand push-up 3321:Strength training 3216:. 4 October 2022. 3195:978-1-908843-15-9 2870:fitnessreaper.com 2676:. 28 January 2022 2576:978-1-63484-157-3 2199:. "Strong Legs". 1800:. CS Publishing. 1643:on 19 March 2013. 1616:978-1-4925-4581-1 1546:Brown SP (2000). 1525:978-0-9768054-2-7 1188:Žydrūnas Savickas 1127:Eric Lilliebridge 1032:Vladislav Alhazov 627:loaded plyometric 623:Loaded squat jump 121:. The squat also 72:strength exercise 16:(Redirected from 3999: 3799:(back of thighs) 3314: 3307: 3300: 3291: 3290: 3268: 3256: 3236: 3235: 3224: 3218: 3217: 3206: 3200: 3199: 3175: 3169: 3168: 3166: 3164: 3149: 3143: 3142: 3140: 3138: 3123: 3117: 3116: 3114: 3112: 3097: 3091: 3090: 3088: 3086: 3071: 3065: 3064: 3062: 3060: 3045: 3039: 3038: 3027: 3021: 3020: 3018: 3016: 3001: 2995: 2994: 2992: 2990: 2975: 2969: 2968: 2966: 2964: 2949: 2943: 2942: 2940: 2938: 2918: 2912: 2911: 2909: 2907: 2892: 2886: 2885: 2883: 2881: 2862: 2856: 2855: 2853: 2851: 2837: 2831: 2830: 2828: 2826: 2812: 2806: 2805: 2803: 2801: 2787: 2781: 2780: 2778: 2776: 2762: 2756: 2755: 2753: 2751: 2736: 2730: 2729: 2718: 2712: 2711: 2709: 2707: 2692: 2686: 2685: 2683: 2681: 2666: 2660: 2659: 2643: 2637: 2636: 2621: 2615: 2614: 2612: 2610: 2595: 2589: 2588: 2562: 2553: 2552: 2542: 2532: 2508: 2493: 2492: 2482: 2480:10.1002/pri.1631 2458: 2447: 2446: 2421:(10): 993–1008. 2408: 2402: 2392: 2386: 2385: 2375: 2341: 2332: 2331: 2301: 2288: 2287: 2285: 2283: 2272: 2266: 2265: 2263: 2261: 2250: 2244: 2243: 2223: 2217: 2211: 2205: 2204: 2193: 2187: 2186: 2184: 2182: 2176:Athletics Weekly 2167: 2161: 2154: 2148: 2147: 2145: 2143: 2132: 2126: 2125: 2123: 2121: 2106: 2100: 2099: 2095:978-1628603-46-0 2081: 2075: 2074: 2072: 2070: 2055: 2049: 2048: 2046: 2044: 2029: 2023: 2022: 2020: 2018: 2003: 1997: 1996: 1994: 1992: 1977: 1971: 1970: 1960: 1936: 1930: 1929: 1927: 1925: 1914: 1905: 1904: 1898: 1890: 1877:Les Fondamentaux 1872: 1866: 1865: 1859: 1851: 1843: 1837: 1836: 1834: 1832: 1818: 1812: 1811: 1793: 1787: 1773: 1767: 1766: 1764: 1762: 1747: 1741: 1740: 1729: 1723: 1708: 1702: 1692: 1686: 1680: 1674: 1668: 1662: 1651: 1645: 1644: 1642: 1635: 1627: 1621: 1620: 1600: 1591: 1590: 1572: 1566: 1565: 1543: 1530: 1529: 1513: 1500: 1491: 1490: 1488: 1486: 1472: 1453: 1437: 1406: 1405: 1392: 1391: 1378: 1377: 1364: 1363: 1350: 1349: 1336: 1335: 1322: 1321: 1301: 1300: 1287: 1286: 1271: 1270: 1257: 1256: 1243: 1242: 1235:Erikas Dovydėnas 1229: 1228: 1213: 1212: 1197: 1196: 1181: 1180: 1173:Zahir Khudayarov 1167: 1166: 1151: 1150: 1135: 1134: 1121: 1120: 1105: 1104: 1089: 1088: 1073: 1072: 1057: 1056: 1041: 1040: 1025: 1024: 902:- also known as 854: 843: 740:safety squat bar 617:Single leg squat 333:Rectus abdominis 258:while the ankle 62:Bodyweight squat 21: 4007: 4006: 4002: 4001: 4000: 3998: 3997: 3996: 3962: 3961: 3960: 3955: 3928:Weight training 3886: 3867: 3847: 3791: 3741: 3688: 3645: 3601: 3582: 3538: 3514:(front of arms) 3506: 3489:Rear delt raise 3440: 3368: 3324: 3318: 3276: 3271: 3265: 3244: 3239: 3226: 3225: 3221: 3208: 3207: 3203: 3196: 3176: 3172: 3162: 3160: 3151: 3150: 3146: 3136: 3134: 3125: 3124: 3120: 3110: 3108: 3099: 3098: 3094: 3084: 3082: 3081:. 15 April 2023 3073: 3072: 3068: 3058: 3056: 3047: 3046: 3042: 3029: 3028: 3024: 3014: 3012: 3003: 3002: 2998: 2988: 2986: 2977: 2976: 2972: 2962: 2960: 2951: 2950: 2946: 2936: 2934: 2919: 2915: 2905: 2903: 2902:. 22 March 2018 2900:Old School Labs 2894: 2893: 2889: 2879: 2877: 2864: 2863: 2859: 2849: 2847: 2839: 2838: 2834: 2824: 2822: 2814: 2813: 2809: 2799: 2797: 2789: 2788: 2784: 2774: 2772: 2764: 2763: 2759: 2749: 2747: 2746:. 1 August 2023 2738: 2737: 2733: 2720: 2719: 2715: 2705: 2703: 2702:. 8 August 2021 2694: 2693: 2689: 2679: 2677: 2668: 2667: 2663: 2644: 2640: 2623: 2622: 2618: 2608: 2606: 2597: 2596: 2592: 2577: 2563: 2556: 2509: 2496: 2459: 2450: 2414:Sports Medicine 2409: 2405: 2393: 2389: 2342: 2335: 2307:Sports Medicine 2302: 2291: 2281: 2279: 2274: 2273: 2269: 2259: 2257: 2252: 2251: 2247: 2240: 2224: 2220: 2212: 2208: 2194: 2190: 2180: 2178: 2168: 2164: 2155: 2151: 2141: 2139: 2134: 2133: 2129: 2119: 2117: 2107: 2103: 2096: 2082: 2078: 2068: 2066: 2056: 2052: 2042: 2040: 2030: 2026: 2016: 2014: 2004: 2000: 1990: 1988: 1978: 1974: 1937: 1933: 1923: 1921: 1916: 1915: 1908: 1892: 1891: 1887: 1873: 1869: 1853: 1852: 1844: 1840: 1830: 1828: 1820: 1819: 1815: 1808: 1794: 1790: 1774: 1770: 1760: 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April 2017 3118: 3092: 3066: 3040: 3022: 3011:. 27 July 2016 2996: 2970: 2944: 2913: 2887: 2857: 2832: 2807: 2782: 2757: 2731: 2713: 2687: 2661: 2638: 2616: 2605:. 31 July 2023 2590: 2575: 2554: 2523:(5): 477–482. 2494: 2473:(3): 164–173. 2448: 2403: 2387: 2333: 2314:(4): 339–361. 2289: 2267: 2245: 2238: 2218: 2206: 2201:Runner's World 2188: 2162: 2149: 2127: 2101: 2094: 2076: 2050: 2024: 1998: 1972: 1951:(5): 871–881. 1931: 1906: 1886:978-2851806789 1885: 1867: 1838: 1813: 1806: 1788: 1768: 1742: 1724: 1703: 1687: 1675: 1663: 1646: 1622: 1615: 1592: 1585: 1567: 1560: 1531: 1524: 1492: 1463: 1461: 1458: 1455: 1454: 1428: 1427: 1425: 1422: 1421: 1420: 1413: 1410: 1409: 1408: 1394: 1380: 1366: 1352: 1338: 1328:Galina Karpova 1324: 1308: 1305: 1304: 1303: 1289: 1273: 1259: 1249:Tourab Nesanah 1245: 1231: 1215: 1199: 1183: 1169: 1158:Jesus Olivares 1153: 1137: 1123: 1107: 1091: 1075: 1059: 1043: 1027: 1017:Nathan Baptist 1011: 1008: 1000: 997: 975: 972: 952: 949: 937:norepinephrine 929:Catecholamines 921:growth hormone 912: 909: 908: 907: 897: 882: 881: 875: 872:flamingo squat 865: 859: 858: 849: 848: 847: 838: 837: 836: 835: 834: 831:medicine balls 823: 822: 807: 806: 796: 782: 779:Overhead squat 776: 765:The Great Gama 756: 753: 752: 751: 748:Anderson squat 744: 743: 724: 723: 720:Monolift squat 717: 710:Trap bar squat 707: 701: 691: 681: 670: 667: 666: 665: 659: 647: 644: 643: 642: 636: 630: 620: 614: 608: 597: 578: 577: 570:Overhead squat 567: 521: 520: 494: 493: 492: 489: 483:clean and jerk 466: 463: 450: 447: 369: 366: 365: 364: 359: 353:Gluteus medius 350: 345: 335: 330: 328:Erector spinae 319: 318: 313: 308: 303: 291: 288: 252:concentrically 185:high bar squat 153: 150: 127:erector spinae 105:. The primary 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4004: 3993: 3990: 3988: 3985: 3983: 3980: 3978: 3975: 3973: 3970: 3969: 3967: 3951: 3948: 3947: 3944: 3941: 3939: 3936: 3933: 3929: 3926: 3924: 3921: 3919: 3918:Weightlifting 3916: 3914: 3911: 3909: 3906: 3904: 3901: 3899: 3896: 3893: 3892: 3889: 3882: 3879: 3878: 3876: 3874: 3870: 3863: 3860: 3859: 3857: 3854: 3850: 3843: 3840: 3837: 3834: 3831: 3828: 3825: 3822: 3819: 3816: 3813: 3810: 3807: 3804: 3803: 3801: 3798: 3794: 3787: 3784: 3781: 3778: 3775: 3772: 3769: 3768:Leg extension 3766: 3763: 3760: 3757: 3754: 3753: 3751: 3748: 3744: 3737: 3734: 3731: 3728: 3725: 3722: 3719: 3716: 3713: 3710: 3707: 3704: 3703: 3701: 3699: 3695: 3691: 3684: 3681: 3678: 3675: 3672: 3669: 3666: 3663: 3660: 3657: 3656: 3654: 3652: 3648: 3641: 3638: 3635: 3632: 3629: 3628:Russian twist 3626: 3623: 3620: 3617: 3614: 3613: 3611: 3608: 3604: 3597: 3594: 3593: 3591: 3589: 3585: 3578: 3575: 3572: 3569: 3566: 3563: 3560: 3557: 3554: 3551: 3550: 3548: 3545: 3541: 3534: 3531: 3528: 3525: 3522: 3519: 3518: 3516: 3513: 3509: 3502: 3499: 3496: 3493: 3490: 3487: 3484: 3483:Lateral raise 3481: 3478: 3474: 3471: 3468: 3465: 3462: 3459: 3456: 3453: 3452: 3450: 3447: 3443: 3436: 3433: 3430: 3427: 3424: 3421: 3418: 3415: 3412: 3409: 3406: 3403: 3400: 3397: 3394: 3391: 3388: 3387:Bent-over row 3385: 3384: 3382: 3379: 3375: 3371: 3364: 3361: 3358: 3355: 3352: 3349: 3346: 3343: 3340: 3337: 3336: 3334: 3331: 3327: 3322: 3315: 3310: 3308: 3303: 3301: 3296: 3295: 3292: 3286: 3283: 3281: 3278: 3277: 3266: 3264:0-7360-4266-0 3260: 3255: 3254: 3247: 3246: 3233: 3229: 3223: 3215: 3211: 3205: 3197: 3191: 3187: 3183: 3182: 3174: 3158: 3154: 3148: 3132: 3128: 3122: 3106: 3102: 3096: 3080: 3076: 3070: 3054: 3050: 3044: 3036: 3032: 3026: 3010: 3006: 3000: 2984: 2980: 2974: 2958: 2954: 2948: 2932: 2928: 2924: 2917: 2901: 2897: 2891: 2875: 2871: 2867: 2861: 2846: 2842: 2836: 2821: 2817: 2811: 2796: 2792: 2786: 2771: 2767: 2761: 2745: 2741: 2735: 2727: 2723: 2717: 2701: 2697: 2691: 2675: 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Index

Hindu squat
Squat (disambiguation)
Baithak
Baithak (disambiguation)


strength exercise
knee
flex
dorsiflexes
extend
plantarflexes
size
core strength
agonist
quadriceps femoris
adductor magnus
gluteus maximus
isometrically
erector spinae
abdominal
powerlifting
deadlift
bench press

deep squat
barbell
Dumbbells
kettlebells
trapezius

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