1244:
1259:
1112:
1166:
709:
1323:
1339:
49:
223:
1355:
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moth and the light source is negligible; further, the moon will always be in the upper part of the visual field, or on the horizon. When a moth encounters a much closer artificial light and uses it for navigation, the angle changes noticeably after only a short distance, in addition to being often below the horizon. The moth instinctively attempts to correct by turning toward the light, thereby causing airborne moths to come plummeting downward, and resulting in a spiral flight path that gets closer and closer to the light source.
1229:
1087:
1373:
822:, may be the key pollinators for some flowering plants in the Himalayan ecosystem. The roles of moths as pollinators have been studied less frequently than those of diurnal pollinators, but recent studies have established that moths are important, but often overlooked, nocturnal pollinators of a wide range of plants. Some researchers say it is likely that many plants thought to be dependent on bees for pollination also rely on moths, which have historically been less observed because they pollinate mainly at night.
1295:
1211:
831:
72:
1196:
1277:
5301:
1148:
1130:
449:
1184:
5289:
5313:
2815:
1311:
387:
5277:
3402:
845:
One hypothesis is called celestial or transverse orientation. By maintaining a constant angular relationship to a bright celestial light, such as the moon, they can fly in a straight line. Celestial objects are so far away that, even after travelling great distances, the change in angle between the
1639:
Studying the evolution of butterflies and moths is challenging, since fossils are so rare. But the few
Lepidopteran fossils that exist, captured in amber or compressed in fine-grained rocks, show an astonishing amount of detail. The earliest Lepidopteran fossils appear in rocks that are about 190
813:
insects, serve an essential role as pollinators for many flowering plants, including species that bees do not visit. Nocturnal moths fly from flower to flower to feed on nectar during the night much as their diurnal relatives do during the day. A study conducted in the UK found moths dusted with
606:, and other large moths do not have mouth parts. This is possible because they live off the food stores from when they were a caterpillar, and only live a short time as an adult (roughly a week for some species). Many species of adult moths do however eat: for instance, many will drink
2491:
van
Langevelde, Frank; Braamburg-Annegarn, Marijke; Huigens, Martinus E.; Groendijk, Rob; Poitevin, Olivier; van Deijk, Jurriën R.; Ellis, Willem N.; van Grunsven, Roy H. A.; de Vos, Rob (4 January 2018). "Declines in moth populations stress the need for conserving dark nights".
274:) have small balls or clubs at the end of their antennae. Moth antennae are usually feathery with no ball on the end. The divisions are named by this principle: "club-antennae" (Rhopalocera) or "varied-antennae" (Heterocera). Lepidoptera first evolved during the
238:
group, the moths, comprising the rest of the
Lepidoptera, do not. Many attempts have been made to group the superfamilies of the Lepidoptera into natural groups, most of which fail because one of the two groups is not monophyletic:
1539:; Plotkin, David; Espeland, Marianne; Meusemann, Karen; Toussaint, Emmanuel F. A.; Donath, Alexander; Gimnich, France; Frandsen, Paul B.; Zwick, Andreas; Reis, Mario dos; Barber, Jesse R. (5 November 2019).
2198:
2129:
192:
with respect to butterflies (suborder
Rhopalocera) and neither subordinate taxon is used in modern classifications. Moths make up the vast majority of the order. There are approximately 160,000
1896:
586:
eat animal fibres, creating holes in articles of clothing, in particular those made of wool. Most species do not eat fabrics, and some moth adults do not even eat at all. Some, like the
814:
pollen from 47 different plant species, including seven species largely ignored by bees. Some studies indicate that certain species of moths, such as those belonging to the families
853:
caused by increasing use of artificial lights has either led to a severe decline in moth population in some parts of the world or has severely disrupted nocturnal pollination.
2437:
1685:
Conlong, D.E. (February 1994). "A review and perspectives for the biological control of the
African sugarcane stalkborer Eldana saccharina Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)".
1626:
1243:
425:, mainly because most modern species, both as adults and larvae, feed on flowering plants. One of the earliest known species that is thought to be an ancestor of moths is
409:
from which they emerge as fully grown moths with wings. Some moth caterpillars dig holes in the ground, where they live until they are ready to turn into adult moths.
2182:
700:, more than 30 species of moth larvae are harvested. Some are sold not only in the local village markets, but are shipped by the ton from one country to another.
1210:
2016:
555:. They are less likely to eat mixed materials containing some artificial fibers. There are some reports that they may be repelled by the scent of wood from
2806:
Brundage, Adrienne (23 March 2009), Other
Arthropods of Forensic Importance, Texas A&M University, Texas A&M University Forensic Entomology Lecture
2121:
1900:
266:
Although the rules for distinguishing moths from butterflies are not well established, one very good guiding principle is that butterflies have thin
1322:
2559:
1915:
613:
Items of fabric infested by clothes moth larvae may be treated by freezing them for several days at a temperature below −8 °C (18 °F).
1165:
1258:
1086:
2051:
2846:
2469:
2406:
2785:
1728:
1505:
1338:
2274:
1228:
777:, a family that is restricted to insects. Most baculovirus isolates have been obtained from insects, in particular from Lepidoptera.
1818:
458:). This species is a serious forest pest when in its larval state. Notice the bristle springing from the underside of the hindwing (
2743:
2429:
1853:
1653:
1634:
1111:
3130:
1871:
1147:
3437:
2779:
1481:
1294:
1944:
1640:
million years old. These tiny fragments of scaled wings and bodies clearly indicate that moths evolved before butterflies.
1183:
1405:
1372:
217:
1195:
634:. As of 2002, the silk industry produces more than 130 million kilograms of raw silk, worth about 250 million
5389:
1354:
421:
have been found that may be 190 million years old. Both types of
Lepidoptera are thought to have co-evolved with
1740:
1276:
2839:
2640:"The dark side of street lighting: impacts on moths and evidence for the disruption of nocturnal pollen transport"
2159:
2027:
5394:
2855:
1849:
498:
causes extensive damage, especially to fruit farms. In tropical and subtropical climates, the diamondback moth (
462:) and running forward to be held in a small catch of the forewing, whose function is to link the wings together.
5254:
3245:
680:, particularly in Africa, where they are an important source of nutrition. The mopane worm, the caterpillar of
1782:
1129:
780:
There is evidence that ultrasound in the range emitted by bats causes flying moths to make evasive maneuvers.
5361:
3328:
2921:
579:
2687:
Knop, Eva; Zoller, Leana; Ryser, Remo; Gerpe, Christopher; Hörler, Maurin; Fontaine, Colin (2 August 2017).
2222:"Nocturnal pollinators strongly contribute to pollen transport of wild flowers in an agricultural landscape"
5404:
1783:"Moths eating your clothes? It's actually their hungry little caterpillars – here's how to get rid of them"
1526:
Scoble, MJ 1995. The
Lepidoptera: Form, function and diversity. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press; 404 p.
697:
2581:
Boyes, Douglas H.; Evans, Darren M.; Fox, Richard; Parsons, Mark S.; Pocock, Michael J. O. (August 2021).
5249:
3378:
2832:
71:
5267:
3358:
3338:
2551:
17:
1919:
3430:
479:
1968:"Moth hearing in response to bat echolocation calls manipulated independently in time and frequency"
1004:), an invasive species pest of hardwood trees, cranberry and blueberry in northeastern North America
3323:
3318:
1202:
898:
319:
2363:"The secret pollinators: an overview of moth pollination with a focus on Europe and North America"
2041:
3225:
3202:
3115:
2459:
1329:
797:
789:
454:
708:
5329:
3290:
1037:
966:
938:
1723:
4826:
3383:
3275:
3065:
3060:
2911:
2769:
1379:
31:
2638:
Macgregor, Callum J.; Evans, Darren M.; Fox, Richard; Pocock, Michael J. O. (12 July 2016).
838:
Moths frequently appear to circle artificial lights. The reason for this behavior (positive
3696:
3688:
3679:
3423:
3230:
3024:
3011:
2703:
2594:
2501:
2374:
2309:
1694:
1552:
1497:
1400:
1250:
1173:
1070:
948:
905:
spp.), is associated with the supernatural and evil and has been featured in art and movies
891:
873:
788:
moth that causes it to drop a few centimeters or inches in its flight to evade attack, and
663:
635:
599:
591:
2270:
8:
4842:
4617:
4609:
3388:
3333:
3215:
3100:
3085:
2969:
2021:
1810:
1361:
1310:
1056:
763:
603:
575:) is considered more effective, but there are concerns over its effects on human health.
567:, or by other natural oils; however, many consider this unlikely to prevent infestation.
500:
2707:
2688:
2598:
2505:
2378:
2313:
1698:
1668:
1556:
2906:
2735:
2615:
2582:
2533:
2398:
2338:
2297:
2246:
2221:
2097:
2066:
1992:
1967:
1841:
1759:
1754:
1583:
1540:
1284:
882:
770:
682:
509:
66:
5293:
4187:
3110:
3080:
3029:
3019:
2994:
2928:
2775:
2727:
2719:
2669:
2661:
2620:
2537:
2525:
2517:
2390:
2343:
2325:
2251:
2190:
2102:
1997:
1736:
1706:
1588:
1570:
1536:
1477:
1137:
669:
267:
222:
2402:
2298:"Pollination by nocturnal Lepidoptera, and the effects of light pollution: a review"
2296:
Macgregor, Callum J.; Pocock, Michael J. O.; Fox, Richard; Evans, Darren M. (2015).
2220:
Walton, Richard E.; Sayer, Carl D.; Bennion, Helen; Axmacher, Jan C. (13 May 2020).
1867:
1842:"How to Manage Pests | Pests of Homes, Structures, People, and Pets | Clothes Moths"
1541:"Phylogenomics reveals the evolutionary timing and pattern of butterflies and moths"
490:) causes severe damage to forests in the northeastern United States, where it is an
5168:
4659:
4218:
3280:
3162:
3055:
3050:
2916:
2739:
2711:
2651:
2610:
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2509:
2382:
2333:
2317:
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2233:
2092:
2082:
1987:
1979:
1952:
1702:
1578:
1560:
1473:
1469:
1062:
990:
692:
657:
491:
244:
240:
123:
2824:
1464:
Heppner, J.B. (2008). "Moths (Lepidoptera: Heterocera)". In
Capinera, J.L. (ed.).
4737:
4413:
4290:
4166:
4158:
4124:
4098:
4090:
3757:
3728:
3722:
3713:
3524:
3518:
3506:
1732:
1437:
1017:
1007:
850:
687:
677:
422:
350:
328:
162:
5366:
2490:
5399:
5352:
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4745:
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4348:
4314:
4272:
4197:
4182:
3825:
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3196:
3070:
2954:
2887:
2362:
1218:
1119:
390:
341:
299:
205:
3415:
2386:
1074:, a new invasive pest of vegetables and ornamental plants in the United States
48:
5383:
5186:
5111:
5019:
4966:
4945:
4937:
4808:
4688:
4680:
4400:
4282:
4277:
4267:
4046:
4038:
4025:
4017:
3988:
3949:
3817:
3762:
3749:
3740:
3665:
3657:
3648:
3610:
3604:
3592:
3353:
2898:
2723:
2665:
2521:
2394:
2329:
2194:
2067:"Entomopathogenicity and biological attributes of Himalayan treasured fungus
1611:
1574:
1415:
1410:
1266:
1234:
1155:
908:
864:
774:
756:
651:
631:
595:
544:
406:
275:
58:
1565:
5300:
5205:
5173:
5155:
5103:
5035:
4995:
4795:
4787:
4753:
4638:
4630:
4451:
4441:
4428:
4382:
4374:
4361:
4353:
4340:
4298:
4259:
4249:
4226:
4205:
4174:
4137:
4129:
4116:
3996:
3944:
3490:
3285:
3250:
3174:
2944:
2731:
2673:
2624:
2606:
2529:
2347:
2255:
2237:
2106:
2001:
1983:
1592:
1102:
1097:
1027:
830:
583:
505:
495:
426:
188:. They were previously classified as suborder Heterocera, but the group is
2819:
982:
196:
of moth, many of which have yet to be described. Most species of moth are
5163:
5121:
5045:
5040:
5011:
4979:
4874:
4815:
4651:
4575:
4567:
4554:
4546:
4517:
4467:
4392:
4306:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4213:
4004:
3939:
3867:
3846:
3838:
3788:
3567:
3561:
3549:
3447:
3348:
3179:
3150:
3075:
3045:
2999:
2949:
2122:"Moths Work the Pollination Night Shift, Visiting Some Flowers Bees Skip"
1442:
1420:
1395:
1045:
997:
971:
958:
928:
646:
626:
587:
568:
483:
471:
467:
432:
402:
358:
all meaning 'moth'). Its origins are possibly related to the Old
English
307:
252:
201:
181:
167:
156:
133:
2715:
2151:
978:), the subject of numerous behavioral studies regarding sexual selection
895:), considered to be one of the most impressive and beautiful Lepidoptera
448:
5229:
5137:
5129:
5082:
5066:
5053:
5027:
5003:
4987:
4908:
4895:
4887:
4866:
4858:
4774:
4766:
4709:
4701:
4667:
4525:
4459:
4446:
4418:
4405:
4327:
3954:
3896:
3801:
3125:
3120:
2977:
2892:
2771:
Animal Tragic: Popular Misconceptions of Wildlife Through the Centuries
2087:
1884:
Table lists worldwide raw silk production 132,400 metric tonnes in 2002
1654:"The First Decade of Genetically Engineered Crops in the United States"
1093:
839:
819:
810:
781:
713:
475:
287:
283:
256:
248:
5288:
2656:
2639:
2513:
2321:
5181:
5087:
4924:
4916:
4834:
4509:
4496:
4480:
4332:
4322:
4108:
3975:
3967:
3923:
3809:
3478:
3466:
3343:
2959:
2583:"Street lighting has detrimental impacts on local insect populations"
918:
736:
332:
279:
271:
235:
231:
197:
189:
185:
147:
103:
83:
5323:
1905:
gives silk prices in rupees. Exchange rate is about 50 RS to dollar.
5346:
5312:
5074:
4850:
4596:
4588:
4533:
4488:
4145:
4063:
3931:
3796:
3779:
3632:
3484:
3240:
3145:
2987:
2982:
1932:
World Raw Silk Production in 1996 is listed as 83,670 metric tonnes
1051:
815:
621:
572:
564:
528:
459:
386:
260:
152:
809:
Moths, like butterflies, bees and other more popularly recognized
5095:
4727:
4719:
4436:
3235:
3191:
3157:
3135:
3090:
2814:
2464:
1425:
1345:
1301:
785:
686:, from the family Saturniidae, is a significant food resource in
649:
that also are farmed for their silk, such as the ailanthus moth (
556:
540:
536:
521:
193:
2271:"Nature crisis: Moths have 'secret role' as crucial pollinators"
1535:
359:
322:
310:
5145:
3472:
3460:
3169:
2870:
2859:
766:
748:
732:
719:
Nocturnal insectivores often feed on moths; these include some
607:
560:
513:
418:
365:
113:
93:
5276:
3401:
994:), an invasive species pest of hardwood trees in North America
180:
are a group of insects that includes all members of the order
3140:
1787:
532:
517:
431:. Its fossil fragments show scaled wings that are similar to
375:
374:
which until the 16th century was used mostly to indicate the
370:
211:
4869:(gossamer-winged butterflies: blues, coppers and relatives)
3184:
1870:. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
1664:
1222:, or poplar hawkmoths, showing two different color variants
752:
728:
690:. Another saturniid used as food is the cavorting emperor (
620:
for their economic value. The most notable of these is the
617:
552:
548:
2689:"Artificial light at night as a new threat to pollination"
2219:
1652:
Fernandez-Cornejo, Jorge; Caswell, Margriet (April 2006).
27:
Group of mostly-nocturnal insects in the order Lepidoptera
5090:(daggers, sallows, owlet moths, quakers, cutworms, darts)
2046:
1667:. Economic Information Bulletin Number 11. Archived from
915:), the subject of a well-known study in natural selection
744:
740:
724:
720:
316:
1651:
531:
are commonly regarded as pests because their larvae eat
5077:(underwing, tiger, tussock, litter, snout, owlet moths)
2637:
2295:
1972:
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
983:
Moth species that may cause significant economic damage
801:
infects the larvae of many different species of moths.
5265:
2183:"Moths are key to pollination in Himalayan ecosystem"
2017:"Moths Jam Bat Sonar, Throw the Predators Off Course"
965:), known to have been a food source for southeastern
755:. Moth larvae are vulnerable to being parasitized by
630:. It is farmed for the silk with which it builds its
2686:
2580:
2361:
Hahn, Melanie; Brühl, Carsten A. (25 January 2016).
2854:
1189:
Protective silk (or similar material) case (cocoon)
474:pests in many parts of the world. Examples include
4528:(castniid moths: giant butterfly-moths, sun moths)
1868:"Table 74. Raw silk: production (including waste)"
935:), known to have fed on the rendered fat of humans
582:to be undertaken by all moths, only the larvae of
1897:"Silk Exchanges of Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh"
1811:"7 Things You Don't Know About Moths, But Should"
5381:
3603:
1034:), a pest mostly of apple, pear and walnut trees
3517:
3445:
1965:
1545:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
335:
3721:
3560:
278:period, but only evolved their characteristic
3656:
3431:
2840:
1899:. Central Silk Board of India. Archived from
1781:Zwick, Andreas; Luo, Ying (January 5, 2022).
886:), the Lepidopteran with the longest wingspan
655:group of species), the Chinese oak silkmoth (
378:, usually in reference to devouring clothes.
3590:
2430:"Moths are the Unsung Heroes of Pollination"
2268:
792:can emit clicks to foil bats' echolocation.
417:Moths evolved long before butterflies; moth
353:
1839:
1468:. Springer, Dordrecht. pp. 2491–2494.
784:frequencies trigger a reflex action in the
344:
4877:(brush-footed, or four-footed butterflies)
3438:
3424:
2847:
2833:
731:. Moths also are eaten by some species of
703:
47:
2655:
2614:
2360:
2337:
2245:
2096:
2086:
2042:"Some Moths Escape Bats By Jamming Sonar"
1991:
1687:Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
1582:
1564:
443:
212:Differences between butterflies and moths
5056:(hawk moths, sphinx moths and hornworms)
3504:
1780:
868:), one of the largest moths in the world
829:
804:
707:
447:
385:
221:
4853:(whites, yellows, orangetips, sulphurs)
2152:"National Mission on Himalayan Studies"
1718:
1716:
1684:
1463:
1153:Oleander hawk-moth or army green moth (
452:An adult male pine processionary moth (
14:
5382:
4969:(eggars, snout moths, or lappet moths)
3547:
3131:List of crop plants pollinated by bees
2014:
1808:
1457:
825:
504:) is perhaps the most serious pest of
270:and (with the exception of the family
5328:
5327:
3630:
3629:
3589:
3546:
3503:
3419:
2828:
2181:Singh, Shiv Sahay (28 October 2018).
2180:
2064:
1752:
1605:
1520:
624:, the larva of the domesticated moth
2767:
2761:
2562:from the original on 4 November 2018
2440:from the original on 30 October 2022
2201:from the original on 28 October 2018
2162:from the original on 4 November 2018
2132:from the original on 30 October 2022
2054:from the original on 10 August 2017.
1821:from the original on 20 January 2021
1713:
1627:"Evolution of Moths and Butterflies"
834:Moths circling an electric lightbulb
2472:from the original on 8 January 2009
2460:"Why Are Moths Attracted to Flame?"
1753:Cohen, Arianne (January 27, 2010).
1406:Comparison of butterflies and moths
856:
218:Comparison of butterflies and moths
24:
4491:(carpenter millers, or goat moths)
4408:(burnet, forester, or smoky moths)
2788:from the original on 6 August 2020
2409:from the original on 14 March 2022
1874:from the original on 18 March 2008
1856:from the original on 25 June 2007.
1024:), a major pest of grain and flour
226:Basic moth identification features
25:
5416:
3812:(Amazonian primitive ghost moths)
1755:"When Moths Make a Home in Yours"
1443:The English Moths and Butterflies
1431:
5311:
5299:
5287:
5275:
3400:
2813:
2749:from the original on 27 May 2023
2427:
2277:from the original on 13 May 2020
1809:Konkel, Lindsey (28 July 2012).
1624:
1508:from the original on 2 July 2018
1371:
1353:
1344:A moth on artificial flowers in
1337:
1321:
1309:
1293:
1275:
1257:
1242:
1227:
1209:
1194:
1182:
1164:
1146:
1128:
1110:
1085:
773:agents. They are members of the
769:viruses that are used mostly as
712:Tobacco hornworm parasitized by
70:
3828:(African primitive ghost moths)
2800:
2680:
2631:
2574:
2544:
2484:
2452:
2421:
2354:
2289:
2262:
2213:
2174:
2144:
2119:
2113:
2058:
2034:
2008:
1959:
1937:
1918:. Vegan Society. Archived from
1908:
1889:
1860:
1850:University of California, Davis
1833:
1802:
1774:
1746:
1631:Chihuahuan Desert Nature Center
676:The larvae of many species are
667:), and the Japanese silk moth (
645:. There are several species of
466:Some moths, particularly their
4132:(Old World spiny-winged moths)
3246:Home-stored product entomology
2552:"The State Of Britain's Moths"
1678:
1645:
1618:
1599:
1529:
1490:
1474:10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_4705
1171:Six-spot burnet moths mating (
516:is a major pest of sugarcane,
381:
13:
1:
5030:(Kentish glory and relatives)
3849:(New Zealand primitive moths)
3329:Decline in insect populations
2922:List of insect-inspired songs
2015:Kaplan, Matt (17 July 2009).
1966:Jones, G; D A Waters (2000).
1450:
494:. In temperate climates, the
5176:(oriental swallowtail moths)
4454:(planthopper parasite moths)
2367:Arthropod-Plant Interactions
2269:Matt McGrath (13 May 2020).
1840:Choe, D.-H. (21 June 2016).
1725:Concise Encyclopedia Biology
1707:10.1016/0167-8809(94)90070-1
1300:A moth on a marble floor in
1014:), a major agricultural pest
877:), largest moth in Australia
641:Not all silk is produced by
527:Several moths in the family
438:
391:Poplar hawk-moth caterpillar
293:
7:
5250:Taxonomy of the Lepidoptera
4837:(American moth-butterflies)
4798:(Old World butterfly-moths)
4777:(picture-winged leaf moths)
3527:(mandibulate archaic moths)
2774:. Think Books. p. 38.
1389:
762:Baculoviruses are parasite
10:
5421:
4748:(tropical fruitworm moths)
4285:(case-bearers, case moths)
4049:(trumpet leaf miner moths)
3804:(swift moths, ghost moths)
3359:Pesticide toxicity to bees
3339:List of endangered insects
2556:butterfly-conservation.org
1466:Encyclopedia of Entomology
1332:hanging on the wooden door
1237:in Colorado, United States
1078:
412:
215:
200:, although there are also
29:
5390:Agricultural pest insects
5336:
5245:
5226:
5198:
5154:
5120:
5065:
4998:(American silkworm moths)
4978:
4957:
4936:
4907:
4886:
4829:(swallowtail butterflies)
4807:
4786:
4765:
4736:
4718:
4700:
4679:
4650:
4629:
4608:
4587:
4566:
4545:
4508:
4499:(dudgeon carpenter moths)
4479:
4391:
4373:
4258:
4208:(false diamondback moths)
4196:
4157:
4119:(burrowing webworm moths)
4107:
4089:
4085:
4062:
4037:
4016:
3987:
3966:
3922:
3895:
3866:
3837:
3787:
3778:
3748:
3739:
3712:
3687:
3678:
3647:
3643:
3639:
3625:
3599:
3585:
3556:
3542:
3513:
3499:
3455:
3397:
3369:
3311:
3263:
3214:
3099:
3038:
3010:
2968:
2937:
2880:
2866:
2387:10.1007/s11829-016-9414-3
696:). In one country alone,
482:. The caterpillar of the
144:
139:
67:Scientific classification
65:
55:
46:
41:
4990:(Australian lappet moth)
3999:(pigmy, or midget moths)
3324:Colony collapse disorder
3319:Bees and toxic chemicals
2232:(5). The Royal Society.
889:Madagascan sunset moth (
849:Studies have found that
842:) is currently unknown.
255:, Jugatae and Frenatae,
3820:(miniature ghost moths)
3226:Insect bites and stings
3203:Drosophila melanogaster
3116:Biological pest control
2069:Ophiocordyceps sinensis
2050:(video). 17 July 2009.
1731:12 January 2014 at the
1566:10.1073/pnas.1907847116
1502:Smithsonian Institution
1330:rose-myrtle lappet moth
1267:Adelowalkeria tristygma
1235:White-lined sphinx moth
798:Ophiocordyceps sinensis
704:Predators and parasites
661:), the Assam silkmoth (
514:African sugarcane borer
455:Thaumetopoea pityocampa
360:
336:
323:
311:
5395:Household pest insects
5199:Superfamily unassigned
4620:(bristle-legged moths)
4169:(ribbed cocoon makers)
3978:(Andean endemic moths)
3934:(fairy longhorn moths)
3291:Rats, Lice and History
2818:Quotations related to
2768:Tait, Malcolm (2006).
2607:10.1126/sciadv.abi8322
2238:10.1098/rsbl.2019.0877
1984:10.1098/rspb.2000.1188
1722:Scott, Thomas (1995).
1038:Light brown apple moth
967:indigenous Australians
943:Opodiphthera eucalypti
835:
716:
571:(the chemical used in
463:
444:Significance to humans
398:
368:' or from the root of
354:
345:
282:alongside the rise of
227:
5106:(prominents, kittens)
4641:(fringe-tufted moths)
3697:Acanthopteroctetidae
3689:Acanthopteroctetoidea
3276:Alfred Russel Wallace
3061:Entomological warfare
2912:Insects in literature
2644:Global Change Biology
2494:Global Change Biology
2302:Ecological Entomology
2065:Baral, B (Feb 2017).
1945:"Some Edible Species"
1735:. Walter de Gruyter.
1381:Cydalima perspectalis
1203:death's-head hawkmoth
1066:), pests of bee hives
1022:Plodia interpunctella
899:Death's-head hawkmoth
833:
805:Ecological importance
727:and other species of
711:
451:
389:
225:
32:Moth (disambiguation)
4618:Schreckensteiniidae
4610:Schreckensteinioidea
4599:(false burnet moths)
4470:(slug, or cup moths)
4028:(Gondwanaland moths)
4007:(white eyecap moths)
3765:(archaic bell moths)
3231:Insect sting allergy
3025:Cicadas in mythology
1606:Darby, Gene (1958).
1282:Adult emperor moth (
1174:Zygaena filipendulae
1071:Duponchelia fovealis
1042:Epiphyas postvittana
1010:or cotton bollworm (
953:Antheraea polyphemus
892:Chrysiridia rhipheus
874:Coscinocera hercules
664:Antheraea assamensis
584:several moth species
30:For other uses, see
5405:Paraphyletic groups
4948:(sack bearer moths)
4670:(false plume moths)
4662:(many-plumed moths)
4520:(little bear moths)
4462:(slug caterpillars)
4317:(long-horned moths)
4301:(grass-miner moths)
3699:(archaic sun moths)
3334:Habitat destruction
3086:Insects in religion
2716:10.1038/nature23288
2708:2017Natur.548..206K
2599:2021SciA....7.8322B
2506:2018GCBio..24..925V
2379:2016APInt..10...21H
2314:2015EcoEn..40..187M
2022:National Geographic
1955:on 7 November 2014.
1916:"Silk Worm Farming"
1699:1994AgEE...48....9C
1637:on 6 January 2014.
1608:What is a Butterfly
1557:2019PNAS..11622657K
1551:(45): 22657–22663.
1363:Aglaomorpha histrio
1251:common clothes moth
1057:Galleria mellonella
1002:Operophtera brumata
826:Attraction to light
764:double-stranded DNA
501:Plutella xylostella
3407:Insects portal
3379:Insects and humans
2907:Arthropods in film
2856:Human interactions
2468:. 18 August 2007.
2434:smithsonianmag.com
2126:smithsonianmag.com
2088:10.3390/jof3010004
2030:on 22 August 2009.
1760:The New York Times
1537:Kawahara, Akito Y.
1285:Gonimbrasia belina
1117:Leaf-shaped moth (
976:Utetheisa ornatrix
883:Thysania agrippina
880:White witch moth (
836:
771:biological control
723:, some species of
717:
683:Gonimbrasia belina
543:made from natural
510:sub-Saharan Africa
464:
435:in their veining.
399:
228:
5377:
5376:
5330:Taxon identifiers
5263:
5262:
5241:
5240:
5237:
5236:
5222:
5221:
5218:
5217:
5214:
5213:
5190:
5177:
5141:
5133:
5107:
5099:
5091:
5078:
5057:
5049:
5031:
5023:
5015:
5007:
4999:
4991:
4970:
4949:
4928:
4920:
4899:
4878:
4870:
4862:
4854:
4846:
4838:
4830:
4820:
4799:
4778:
4757:
4756:(fruitworm moths)
4749:
4692:
4671:
4663:
4642:
4621:
4600:
4579:
4558:
4557:(metalmark moths)
4537:
4536:(clearwing moths)
4529:
4521:
4500:
4492:
4471:
4463:
4455:
4432:
4409:
4365:
4357:
4344:
4343:(concealer moths)
4336:
4318:
4310:
4302:
4294:
4286:
4245:
4222:
4219:Glyphipterigidae
4209:
4188:Roeslerstammiidae
4178:
4170:
4149:
4141:
4133:
4120:
4058:
4057:
4050:
4029:
4008:
4000:
3979:
3958:
3935:
3862:
3861:
3858:
3857:
3850:
3829:
3821:
3813:
3805:
3774:
3773:
3766:
3735:
3734:
3708:
3707:
3700:
3674:
3673:
3621:
3620:
3617:
3616:
3605:Heterobathmioidea
3581:
3580:
3577:
3576:
3571:
3538:
3537:
3534:
3533:
3528:
3413:
3412:
3302:Insect Literature
3259:
3258:
3158:Carmine/Cochineal
3111:Beneficial insect
3081:Insects in ethics
3030:Scarab (artifact)
3020:Bees in mythology
2929:Insects on stamps
2781:978-1-84525-015-7
2702:(7666): 206–209.
2657:10.1111/gcb.13371
2514:10.1111/gcb.14008
2322:10.1111/een.12174
1978:(1453): 1627–32.
1483:978-1-4020-6242-1
1316:Clothes moth, eye
1264:Giant silk moth (
1201:A caterpillar of
1138:Agrius convolvuli
1135:Giant grey moth (
670:Antheraea yamamai
428:Archaeolepis mane
175:
174:
16:(Redirected from
5412:
5370:
5369:
5367:NHMSYS0020797234
5357:
5356:
5355:
5325:
5324:
5316:
5315:
5304:
5303:
5292:
5291:
5280:
5279:
5271:
5189:(geometer moths)
5188:
5175:
5169:Pseudobistonidae
5139:
5131:
5105:
5097:
5089:
5076:
5055:
5047:
5029:
5021:
5013:
5005:
4997:
4989:
4968:
4947:
4926:
4918:
4897:
4876:
4868:
4860:
4852:
4844:
4836:
4828:
4819:
4812:
4797:
4776:
4755:
4747:
4690:
4669:
4661:
4640:
4619:
4598:
4577:
4556:
4535:
4527:
4519:
4498:
4490:
4469:
4461:
4453:
4430:
4407:
4363:
4355:
4342:
4334:
4316:
4308:
4300:
4292:
4291:Cosmopterigidae
4284:
4243:
4220:
4207:
4176:
4168:
4167:Bucculatricidae
4147:
4139:
4131:
4118:
4087:
4086:
4083:
4082:
4048:
4027:
4006:
3998:
3977:
3956:
3933:
3920:
3919:
3893:
3892:
3848:
3827:
3819:
3811:
3803:
3785:
3784:
3764:
3746:
3745:
3719:
3718:
3698:
3685:
3684:
3654:
3653:
3645:
3644:
3641:
3640:
3627:
3626:
3611:Heterobathmiidae
3601:
3600:
3587:
3586:
3569:
3558:
3557:
3544:
3543:
3526:
3525:Micropterigidae
3519:Micropterigoidea
3515:
3514:
3501:
3500:
3440:
3433:
3426:
3417:
3416:
3405:
3404:
3281:Jean-Henri Fabre
3056:Cricket fighting
3051:Cockroach racing
2917:Insects in music
2878:
2877:
2849:
2842:
2835:
2826:
2825:
2817:
2807:
2804:
2798:
2797:
2795:
2793:
2765:
2759:
2758:
2756:
2754:
2748:
2693:
2684:
2678:
2677:
2659:
2635:
2629:
2628:
2618:
2593:(35): eabi8322.
2587:Science Advances
2578:
2572:
2571:
2569:
2567:
2548:
2542:
2541:
2488:
2482:
2481:
2479:
2477:
2456:
2450:
2449:
2447:
2445:
2425:
2419:
2418:
2416:
2414:
2358:
2352:
2351:
2341:
2293:
2287:
2286:
2284:
2282:
2266:
2260:
2259:
2249:
2217:
2211:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2178:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2167:
2148:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2137:
2117:
2111:
2110:
2100:
2090:
2075:Journal of Fungi
2062:
2056:
2055:
2038:
2032:
2031:
2026:. Archived from
2012:
2006:
2005:
1995:
1963:
1957:
1956:
1951:. Archived from
1949:Food-Insects.com
1941:
1935:
1934:
1929:
1927:
1912:
1906:
1904:
1903:on 7 March 2007.
1893:
1887:
1886:
1881:
1879:
1864:
1858:
1857:
1837:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1826:
1806:
1800:
1799:
1797:
1795:
1778:
1772:
1771:
1769:
1767:
1750:
1744:
1720:
1711:
1710:
1682:
1676:
1675:
1674:on 14 June 2010.
1673:
1658:
1649:
1643:
1642:
1633:. Archived from
1622:
1616:
1615:
1603:
1597:
1596:
1586:
1568:
1533:
1527:
1524:
1518:
1517:
1515:
1513:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1461:
1438:Wilkes, Benjamin
1375:
1357:
1341:
1325:
1313:
1297:
1279:
1261:
1246:
1231:
1213:
1198:
1186:
1168:
1150:
1132:
1114:
1089:
1063:Achroia grisella
991:Lymantria dispar
939:Emperor gum moth
913:Biston betularia
857:Noteworthy moths
693:Usta terpsichore
658:Antheraea pernyi
580:commonly thought
492:invasive species
488:Lymantria dispar
423:flowering plants
401:Moth larvae, or
363:
357:
348:
339:
326:
314:
245:Macrolepidoptera
241:Microlepidoptera
140:Major divisions
124:Amphiesmenoptera
75:
74:
51:
39:
38:
21:
5420:
5419:
5415:
5414:
5413:
5411:
5410:
5409:
5380:
5379:
5378:
5373:
5365:
5360:
5351:
5350:
5345:
5332:
5322:
5310:
5298:
5286:
5274:
5266:
5264:
5259:
5255:Lists by region
5233:
5232:is not a clade.
5228:Note: division
5210:
5194:
5150:
5116:
5061:
5022:(Dryandra moth)
5014:(Brahmin moths)
4974:
4953:
4932:
4903:
4882:
4813:
4811:
4803:
4782:
4761:
4746:Copromorphidae
4738:Copromorphoidea
4732:
4714:
4696:
4675:
4646:
4625:
4604:
4583:
4578:(tortrix moths)
4562:
4541:
4504:
4475:
4431:(flannel moths)
4414:Himantopteridae
4387:
4369:
4315:Lecithoceridae
4309:(twirler moths)
4254:
4192:
4177:(Douglas moths)
4159:Gracillarioidea
4153:
4140:(bagworm moths)
4125:Arrhenophanidae
4103:
4091:Simaethistoidea
4077:
4075:
4073:
4071:
4069:
4067:
4065:
4054:
4033:
4012:
3983:
3962:
3914:
3912:
3910:
3908:
3906:
3904:
3902:
3900:
3898:
3887:
3885:
3883:
3881:
3879:
3877:
3875:
3873:
3871:
3869:
3854:
3847:Mnesarchaeidae
3839:Mnesarchaeoidea
3833:
3826:Prototheoridae
3770:
3758:Aenigmatineidae
3731:
3723:Lophocoronoidea
3704:
3670:
3635:
3613:
3595:
3593:Heterobathmiina
3573:
3568:Agathiphagidae
3562:Agathiphagoidea
3552:
3530:
3509:
3495:
3451:
3444:
3414:
3409:
3399:
3393:
3371:
3365:
3307:
3255:
3217:
3210:
3102:
3095:
3034:
3006:
2964:
2933:
2873:
2868:
2862:
2853:
2811:
2810:
2805:
2801:
2791:
2789:
2782:
2766:
2762:
2752:
2750:
2746:
2691:
2685:
2681:
2636:
2632:
2579:
2575:
2565:
2563:
2550:
2549:
2545:
2489:
2485:
2475:
2473:
2458:
2457:
2453:
2443:
2441:
2426:
2422:
2412:
2410:
2359:
2355:
2294:
2290:
2280:
2278:
2267:
2263:
2226:Biology Letters
2218:
2214:
2204:
2202:
2179:
2175:
2165:
2163:
2150:
2149:
2145:
2135:
2133:
2118:
2114:
2063:
2059:
2040:
2039:
2035:
2013:
2009:
1964:
1960:
1943:
1942:
1938:
1925:
1923:
1922:on 19 June 2008
1914:
1913:
1909:
1895:
1894:
1890:
1877:
1875:
1866:
1865:
1861:
1846:ipm.ucdavis.edu
1838:
1834:
1824:
1822:
1807:
1803:
1793:
1791:
1779:
1775:
1765:
1763:
1751:
1747:
1733:Wayback Machine
1721:
1714:
1683:
1679:
1671:
1656:
1650:
1646:
1625:Hoyt, Cathryn.
1623:
1619:
1604:
1600:
1534:
1530:
1525:
1521:
1511:
1509:
1496:
1495:
1491:
1484:
1462:
1458:
1453:
1434:
1392:
1385:
1378:Box tree moth (
1376:
1367:
1358:
1349:
1342:
1333:
1326:
1317:
1314:
1305:
1298:
1289:
1280:
1271:
1262:
1253:
1247:
1238:
1232:
1223:
1216:Mating pair of
1214:
1205:
1199:
1190:
1187:
1178:
1169:
1160:
1151:
1142:
1133:
1124:
1115:
1106:
1090:
1081:
1032:Cydia pomonella
1018:Indianmeal moth
1012:Helicoverpa zea
985:
949:Polyphemus moth
933:Aglossa cuprina
871:Hercules moth (
859:
851:light pollution
828:
807:
706:
688:southern Africa
616:Some moths are
547:fibers such as
508:crops. Also in
470:, can be major
446:
441:
415:
384:
329:Common Germanic
296:
220:
214:
163:Heterobathmiina
69:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5418:
5408:
5407:
5402:
5397:
5392:
5375:
5374:
5372:
5371:
5358:
5342:
5340:
5334:
5333:
5321:
5320:
5308:
5296:
5284:
5261:
5260:
5258:
5257:
5252:
5246:
5243:
5242:
5239:
5238:
5235:
5234:
5227:
5224:
5223:
5220:
5219:
5216:
5215:
5212:
5211:
5209:
5208:
5202:
5200:
5196:
5195:
5193:
5192:
5184:
5179:
5171:
5166:
5160:
5158:
5152:
5151:
5149:
5148:
5143:
5135:
5126:
5124:
5118:
5117:
5115:
5114:
5109:
5101:
5093:
5085:
5080:
5071:
5069:
5063:
5062:
5060:
5059:
5051:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5025:
5017:
5009:
5001:
4993:
4984:
4982:
4976:
4975:
4973:
4972:
4967:Lasiocampidae
4963:
4961:
4959:Lasiocampoidea
4955:
4954:
4952:
4951:
4942:
4940:
4934:
4933:
4931:
4930:
4922:
4913:
4911:
4905:
4904:
4902:
4901:
4892:
4890:
4884:
4883:
4881:
4880:
4872:
4864:
4856:
4848:
4840:
4832:
4823:
4821:
4805:
4804:
4802:
4801:
4792:
4790:
4784:
4783:
4781:
4780:
4771:
4769:
4763:
4762:
4760:
4759:
4751:
4742:
4740:
4734:
4733:
4731:
4730:
4724:
4722:
4716:
4715:
4713:
4712:
4706:
4704:
4702:Whalleyanoidea
4698:
4697:
4695:
4694:
4689:Pterophoridae
4685:
4683:
4681:Pterophoroidea
4677:
4676:
4674:
4673:
4665:
4656:
4654:
4648:
4647:
4645:
4644:
4635:
4633:
4627:
4626:
4624:
4623:
4614:
4612:
4606:
4605:
4603:
4602:
4593:
4591:
4585:
4584:
4582:
4581:
4572:
4570:
4564:
4563:
4561:
4560:
4551:
4549:
4543:
4542:
4540:
4539:
4531:
4523:
4514:
4512:
4506:
4505:
4503:
4502:
4494:
4485:
4483:
4477:
4476:
4474:
4473:
4465:
4457:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:Megalopygidae
4426:
4424:Somabrachyidae
4421:
4416:
4411:
4403:
4397:
4395:
4389:
4388:
4386:
4385:
4379:
4377:
4371:
4370:
4368:
4367:
4364:(timber moths)
4359:
4356:(flower moths)
4351:
4349:Pterolonchidae
4346:
4338:
4335:(mompha moths)
4330:
4325:
4320:
4312:
4304:
4296:
4293:(cosmet moths)
4288:
4283:Coleophoridae
4280:
4275:
4273:Batrachedridae
4270:
4264:
4262:
4256:
4255:
4253:
4252:
4247:
4244:(ermine moths)
4242:Yponomeutidae
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4216:
4211:
4202:
4200:
4198:Yponomeutoidea
4194:
4193:
4191:
4190:
4185:
4183:Gracillariidae
4180:
4172:
4163:
4161:
4155:
4154:
4152:
4151:
4148:(fungus moths)
4143:
4135:
4127:
4122:
4113:
4111:
4105:
4104:
4102:
4101:
4099:Simaethistidae
4095:
4093:
4080:
4060:
4059:
4056:
4055:
4053:
4052:
4043:
4041:
4035:
4034:
4032:
4031:
4026:Palaephatidae
4022:
4020:
4018:Palaephatoidea
4014:
4013:
4011:
4010:
4002:
3993:
3991:
3985:
3984:
3982:
3981:
3972:
3970:
3964:
3963:
3961:
3960:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3928:
3926:
3917:
3890:
3864:
3863:
3860:
3859:
3856:
3855:
3853:
3852:
3843:
3841:
3835:
3834:
3832:
3831:
3823:
3818:Palaeosetidae
3815:
3807:
3799:
3793:
3791:
3782:
3776:
3775:
3772:
3771:
3769:
3768:
3763:Neopseustidae
3760:
3754:
3752:
3750:Neopseustoidea
3743:
3737:
3736:
3733:
3732:
3729:Lophocoronidae
3727:
3725:
3716:
3710:
3709:
3706:
3705:
3703:
3702:
3693:
3691:
3682:
3676:
3675:
3672:
3671:
3669:
3668:
3662:
3660:
3658:Eriocranioidea
3651:
3637:
3636:
3623:
3622:
3619:
3618:
3615:
3614:
3609:
3607:
3597:
3596:
3583:
3582:
3579:
3578:
3575:
3574:
3566:
3564:
3554:
3553:
3540:
3539:
3536:
3535:
3532:
3531:
3523:
3521:
3511:
3510:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3493:
3487:
3481:
3475:
3469:
3463:
3456:
3453:
3452:
3443:
3442:
3435:
3428:
3420:
3411:
3410:
3398:
3395:
3394:
3392:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3375:
3373:
3367:
3366:
3364:
3363:
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3356:
3351:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3315:
3313:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3305:
3298:Lafcadio Hearn
3295:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3271:Jan Swammerdam
3267:
3265:
3261:
3260:
3257:
3256:
3254:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3222:
3220:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3208:
3207:
3206:
3197:Model organism
3194:
3189:
3188:
3187:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3166:
3165:
3155:
3154:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3118:
3113:
3107:
3105:
3097:
3096:
3094:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3071:Insect farming
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3042:
3040:
3036:
3035:
3033:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3016:
3014:
3008:
3007:
3005:
3004:
3003:
3002:
2992:
2991:
2990:
2985:
2974:
2972:
2966:
2965:
2963:
2962:
2957:
2955:Artificial fly
2952:
2947:
2941:
2939:
2935:
2934:
2932:
2931:
2926:
2925:
2924:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2903:
2902:
2895:
2888:Insects in art
2884:
2882:
2875:
2864:
2863:
2852:
2851:
2844:
2837:
2829:
2809:
2808:
2799:
2780:
2760:
2679:
2650:(2): 697–707.
2630:
2573:
2543:
2500:(3): 925–932.
2483:
2451:
2420:
2353:
2308:(3): 187–198.
2288:
2261:
2212:
2173:
2143:
2112:
2057:
2033:
2007:
1958:
1936:
1907:
1888:
1859:
1832:
1801:
1773:
1745:
1712:
1677:
1644:
1617:
1598:
1528:
1519:
1489:
1482:
1455:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1447:
1433:
1432:External links
1430:
1429:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1391:
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1274:
1272:
1263:
1256:
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1241:
1239:
1233:
1226:
1224:
1219:Laothoe populi
1215:
1208:
1206:
1200:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1181:
1179:
1170:
1163:
1161:
1152:
1145:
1143:
1134:
1127:
1125:
1120:Pergesa acteus
1116:
1109:
1107:
1091:
1084:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1075:
1067:
1049:
1035:
1025:
1015:
1005:
995:
984:
981:
980:
979:
969:
963:Agrotis infusa
956:
946:
936:
926:
916:
906:
896:
887:
878:
869:
858:
855:
827:
824:
806:
803:
714:braconid wasps
705:
702:
578:Despite being
445:
442:
440:
437:
414:
411:
395:Laothoe populi
383:
380:
300:modern English
295:
292:
216:Main article:
213:
210:
173:
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150:
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141:
137:
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127:
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91:
87:
86:
81:
77:
76:
63:
62:
53:
52:
44:
43:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5417:
5406:
5403:
5401:
5398:
5396:
5393:
5391:
5388:
5387:
5385:
5368:
5363:
5359:
5354:
5348:
5344:
5343:
5341:
5339:
5335:
5331:
5326:
5319:
5314:
5309:
5307:
5302:
5297:
5295:
5290:
5285:
5283:
5278:
5273:
5272:
5269:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5247:
5244:
5231:
5225:
5207:
5204:
5203:
5201:
5197:
5191:
5185:
5183:
5180:
5178:
5174:Epicopeiidae
5172:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5162:
5161:
5159:
5157:
5153:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5136:
5134:
5128:
5127:
5125:
5123:
5119:
5113:
5112:Oenosandridae
5110:
5108:
5104:Notodontidae
5102:
5100:
5094:
5092:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5073:
5072:
5070:
5068:
5064:
5058:
5052:
5050:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5026:
5024:
5018:
5016:
5010:
5008:
5002:
5000:
4996:Apatelodidae
4994:
4992:
4986:
4985:
4983:
4981:
4977:
4971:
4965:
4964:
4962:
4960:
4956:
4950:
4946:Mimallonidae
4944:
4943:
4941:
4939:
4938:Mimallonoidea
4935:
4929:
4923:
4921:
4919:(snout moths)
4915:
4914:
4912:
4910:
4906:
4900:
4894:
4893:
4891:
4889:
4885:
4879:
4873:
4871:
4865:
4863:
4857:
4855:
4849:
4847:
4841:
4839:
4833:
4831:
4827:Papilionidae
4825:
4824:
4822:
4817:
4810:
4809:Papilionoidea
4806:
4800:
4796:Callidulidae
4794:
4793:
4791:
4789:
4788:Calliduloidea
4785:
4779:
4773:
4772:
4770:
4768:
4764:
4758:
4754:Carposinidae
4752:
4750:
4744:
4743:
4741:
4739:
4735:
4729:
4726:
4725:
4723:
4721:
4717:
4711:
4710:Whalleyanidae
4708:
4707:
4705:
4703:
4699:
4693:
4691:(plume moths)
4687:
4686:
4684:
4682:
4678:
4672:
4666:
4664:
4658:
4657:
4655:
4653:
4649:
4643:
4639:Epermeniidae
4637:
4636:
4634:
4632:
4631:Epermenioidea
4628:
4622:
4616:
4615:
4613:
4611:
4607:
4601:
4595:
4594:
4592:
4590:
4586:
4580:
4574:
4573:
4571:
4569:
4565:
4559:
4553:
4552:
4550:
4548:
4544:
4538:
4532:
4530:
4524:
4522:
4516:
4515:
4513:
4511:
4507:
4501:
4497:Dudgeoneidae
4495:
4493:
4487:
4486:
4484:
4482:
4478:
4472:
4466:
4464:
4458:
4456:
4452:Epipyropidae
4450:
4448:
4447:Cyclotornidae
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4404:
4402:
4401:Heterogynidae
4399:
4398:
4396:
4394:
4390:
4384:
4381:
4380:
4378:
4376:
4375:Galacticoidea
4372:
4366:
4362:Xyloryctidae
4360:
4358:
4354:Scythrididae
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4341:Oecophoridae
4339:
4337:
4331:
4329:
4328:Metachandidae
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4313:
4311:
4305:
4303:
4299:Elachistidae
4297:
4295:
4289:
4287:
4281:
4279:
4278:Blastobasidae
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4268:Autostichidae
4266:
4265:
4263:
4261:
4257:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4221:(sedge moths)
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4206:Acrolepiidae
4204:
4203:
4201:
4199:
4195:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4175:Douglasiidae
4173:
4171:
4165:
4164:
4162:
4160:
4156:
4150:
4144:
4142:
4136:
4134:
4130:Eriocottidae
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4117:Acrolophidae
4115:
4114:
4112:
4110:
4106:
4100:
4097:
4096:
4094:
4092:
4088:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4061:
4051:
4047:Tischeriidae
4045:
4044:
4042:
4040:
4039:Tischerioidea
4036:
4030:
4024:
4023:
4021:
4019:
4015:
4009:
4003:
4001:
3997:Nepticulidae
3995:
3994:
3992:
3990:
3989:Nepticuloidea
3986:
3980:
3976:Andesianidae
3974:
3973:
3971:
3969:
3968:Andesianoidea
3965:
3959:
3957:(yucca moths)
3953:
3951:
3950:Incurvariidae
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3930:
3929:
3927:
3925:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3865:
3851:
3845:
3844:
3842:
3840:
3836:
3830:
3824:
3822:
3816:
3814:
3810:Neotheoridae
3808:
3806:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3794:
3792:
3790:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3777:
3767:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3755:
3753:
3751:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3738:
3730:
3726:
3724:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3714:Lophocoronina
3711:
3701:
3695:
3694:
3692:
3690:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3680:Acanthoctesia
3677:
3667:
3666:Eriocraniidae
3664:
3663:
3661:
3659:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3646:
3642:
3638:
3634:
3628:
3624:
3612:
3608:
3606:
3602:
3598:
3594:
3588:
3584:
3572:
3570:(kauri moths)
3565:
3563:
3559:
3555:
3551:
3545:
3541:
3529:
3522:
3520:
3516:
3512:
3508:
3502:
3498:
3492:
3488:
3486:
3482:
3480:
3476:
3474:
3470:
3468:
3464:
3462:
3458:
3457:
3454:
3449:
3441:
3436:
3434:
3429:
3427:
3422:
3421:
3418:
3408:
3403:
3396:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3376:
3374:
3368:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3354:Neonicotinoid
3352:
3350:
3347:
3346:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3316:
3314:
3310:
3303:
3299:
3296:
3293:
3292:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3268:
3266:
3262:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3223:
3221:
3219:
3213:
3205:
3204:
3200:
3199:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3186:
3183:
3182:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3164:
3161:
3160:
3159:
3156:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3123:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3108:
3106:
3104:
3098:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3043:
3041:
3039:Other aspects
3037:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3017:
3015:
3013:
3009:
3001:
2998:
2997:
2996:
2993:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2980:
2979:
2976:
2975:
2973:
2971:
2967:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2942:
2940:
2936:
2930:
2927:
2923:
2920:
2919:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2901:
2900:
2899:Musca depicta
2896:
2894:
2891:
2890:
2889:
2886:
2885:
2883:
2879:
2876:
2872:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2850:
2845:
2843:
2838:
2836:
2831:
2830:
2827:
2823:
2822:at Wikiquote
2821:
2816:
2803:
2787:
2783:
2777:
2773:
2772:
2764:
2745:
2741:
2737:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2721:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2690:
2683:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2641:
2634:
2626:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2608:
2604:
2600:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2577:
2561:
2557:
2553:
2547:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2499:
2495:
2487:
2471:
2467:
2466:
2461:
2455:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2428:Kuta, Sarah.
2424:
2408:
2404:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2388:
2384:
2380:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2357:
2349:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2292:
2276:
2272:
2265:
2257:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2216:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2177:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2147:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2116:
2108:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2071:(Yarsagumba)"
2070:
2061:
2053:
2049:
2048:
2043:
2037:
2029:
2025:
2023:
2018:
2011:
2003:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1969:
1962:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1940:
1933:
1921:
1917:
1911:
1902:
1898:
1892:
1885:
1873:
1869:
1863:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1836:
1820:
1816:
1812:
1805:
1790:
1789:
1784:
1777:
1762:
1761:
1756:
1749:
1742:
1741:3-11-010661-2
1738:
1734:
1730:
1727:
1726:
1719:
1717:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1681:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1655:
1648:
1641:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1621:
1614:. p. 41.
1613:
1612:Benefic Press
1609:
1602:
1594:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1532:
1523:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1493:
1485:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1460:
1456:
1445:
1444:
1439:
1436:
1435:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1416:Lepidopterism
1414:
1412:
1411:List of moths
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1401:Clothing moth
1399:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1383:
1382:
1374:
1369:
1365:
1364:
1356:
1351:
1347:
1340:
1335:
1331:
1324:
1319:
1312:
1307:
1303:
1296:
1291:
1287:
1286:
1278:
1273:
1269:
1268:
1260:
1255:
1252:
1249:Closeup of a
1245:
1240:
1236:
1230:
1225:
1221:
1220:
1212:
1207:
1204:
1197:
1192:
1185:
1180:
1176:
1175:
1167:
1162:
1158:
1157:
1156:Daphnis nerii
1149:
1144:
1140:
1139:
1131:
1126:
1122:
1121:
1113:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1099:
1095:
1092:Diagram of a
1088:
1083:
1082:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1059:
1058:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1009:
1006:
1003:
999:
996:
993:
992:
988:Spongy moth (
987:
986:
977:
973:
970:
968:
964:
960:
957:
954:
950:
947:
944:
940:
937:
934:
930:
927:
924:
920:
917:
914:
910:
909:Peppered moth
907:
904:
900:
897:
894:
893:
888:
885:
884:
879:
876:
875:
870:
867:
866:
865:Attacus atlas
861:
860:
854:
852:
847:
843:
841:
832:
823:
821:
817:
812:
802:
800:
799:
793:
791:
787:
783:
778:
776:
775:Baculoviridae
772:
768:
765:
760:
758:
757:Ichneumonidae
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
715:
710:
701:
699:
695:
694:
689:
685:
684:
679:
674:
672:
671:
666:
665:
660:
659:
654:
653:
652:Samia cynthia
648:
644:
639:
638:, each year.
637:
633:
629:
628:
623:
619:
614:
611:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
576:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
545:proteinaceous
542:
538:
534:
530:
525:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
506:brassicaceous
503:
502:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
461:
457:
456:
450:
436:
434:
430:
429:
424:
420:
410:
408:
404:
396:
392:
388:
379:
377:
373:
372:
367:
362:
356:
352:
347:
343:
338:
334:
330:
325:
321:
318:
313:
309:
305:
301:
291:
289:
285:
281:
277:
276:Carboniferous
273:
269:
264:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
237:
233:
224:
219:
209:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
184:that are not
183:
179:
169:
166:
164:
161:
158:
154:
151:
149:
146:
145:
143:
138:
135:
132:
129:
128:
125:
122:
119:
118:
115:
112:
109:
108:
105:
102:
99:
98:
95:
92:
89:
88:
85:
82:
79:
78:
73:
68:
64:
61:
60:
59:Attacus atlas
54:
50:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
5337:
5206:Millieriidae
5187:Geometridae
5156:Geometroidea
5140:(gold moths)
5098:(tuft moths)
5048:(saturniids)
5046:Saturniidae
5036:Eupterotidae
5020:Carthaeidae
5012:Brahmaeidae
5006:(silk moths)
4927:(grass moth)
4898:(teak moths)
4875:Nymphalidae
4861:(metalmarks)
4843:Hesperiidae
4576:Tortricidae
4568:Tortricoidea
4555:Choreutidae
4547:Choreutoidea
4518:Brachodidae
4468:Limacodidae
4442:Anomoeotidae
4383:Galacticidae
4307:Gelechiidae
4260:Gelechioidea
4250:Ypsolophidae
4227:Heliodinidae
4005:Opostegidae
3945:Heliozelidae
3797:Anomosetidae
3741:Neopseustina
3491:Holometabola
3489:Superorder:
3483:Infraclass:
3384:Insecticides
3301:
3289:
3286:Hans Zinsser
3251:Clothes moth
3201:
3012:In mythology
2945:Fishing bait
2897:
2812:
2802:
2792:24 September
2790:. Retrieved
2770:
2763:
2751:. Retrieved
2699:
2695:
2682:
2647:
2643:
2633:
2590:
2586:
2576:
2564:. Retrieved
2555:
2546:
2497:
2493:
2486:
2474:. Retrieved
2463:
2454:
2442:. Retrieved
2433:
2423:
2413:19 September
2411:. Retrieved
2373:(1): 21–28.
2370:
2366:
2356:
2305:
2301:
2291:
2279:. Retrieved
2264:
2229:
2225:
2215:
2203:. Retrieved
2186:
2176:
2164:. Retrieved
2155:
2146:
2134:. Retrieved
2125:
2115:
2078:
2074:
2068:
2060:
2045:
2036:
2028:the original
2020:
2010:
1975:
1971:
1961:
1953:the original
1948:
1939:
1931:
1924:. Retrieved
1920:the original
1910:
1901:the original
1891:
1883:
1876:. Retrieved
1862:
1845:
1835:
1823:. Retrieved
1815:Live Science
1814:
1804:
1792:. Retrieved
1786:
1776:
1764:. Retrieved
1758:
1748:
1724:
1690:
1686:
1680:
1669:the original
1661:ers.usda.gov
1660:
1647:
1638:
1635:the original
1630:
1620:
1607:
1601:
1548:
1544:
1531:
1522:
1510:. Retrieved
1501:
1492:
1465:
1459:
1441:
1380:
1362:
1360:Tiger moth (
1283:
1265:
1217:
1172:
1154:
1136:
1118:
1103:Micrographia
1101:
1098:Robert Hooke
1069:
1061:
1055:
1044:), a highly
1041:
1031:
1028:Codling moth
1021:
1011:
1008:Corn earworm
1001:
989:
975:
962:
952:
942:
932:
922:
912:
902:
890:
881:
872:
863:
862:Atlas moth (
848:
844:
837:
808:
796:
794:
779:
761:
718:
691:
681:
678:used as food
675:
668:
662:
656:
650:
642:
640:
636:U.S. dollars
625:
615:
612:
577:
526:
499:
496:codling moth
487:
472:agricultural
468:caterpillars
465:
453:
427:
416:
403:caterpillars
400:
394:
369:
320:Northumbrian
303:
297:
265:
236:monophyletic
229:
190:paraphyletic
177:
176:
120:(unranked):
57:
56:Atlas moth,
36:
5164:Sematuridae
5138:Cimeliidae
5132:(hook-tips)
5130:Drepanidae
5122:Drepanoidea
5054:Sphingidae
5041:Phiditiidae
5028:Endromidae
5004:Bombycidae
4988:Anthelidae
4980:Bombycoidea
4896:Hyblaeidae
4888:Hyblaeoidea
4867:Lycaenidae
4859:Riodinidae
4816:butterflies
4775:Thyrididae
4767:Thyridoidea
4668:Tineodidae
4660:Alucitidae
4652:Alucitoidea
4526:Castniidae
4460:Dalceridae
4406:Zygaenidae
4393:Zygaenoidea
4237:Plutellidae
4232:Lyonetiidae
4214:Bedelliidae
3955:Prodoxidae
3940:Cecidosidae
3802:Hepialidae
3789:Hepialoidea
3507:Zeugloptera
3448:Lepidoptera
3370:Categories,
3349:Insecticide
3180:Sericulture
3151:Royal jelly
3076:Flea circus
3066:Entomophagy
3000:Cantharidin
2995:Spanish fly
2970:In medicine
2950:Fly fishing
2881:In the arts
2156:nmhs.org.in
2120:Fox, Alex.
1693:(1): 9–17.
1610:. Chicago:
1421:Pollination
1396:Baculovirus
1046:polyphagous
998:Winter moth
972:Ornate moth
959:Bogong moth
929:Grease moth
923:Actias luna
811:pollinating
795:The fungus
790:tiger moths
751:, and some
647:Saturniidae
643:Bombyx mori
627:Bombyx mori
569:Naphthalene
484:spongy moth
476:corn borers
433:caddisflies
382:Caterpillar
308:Old English
306:comes from
284:angiosperms
253:Rhopalocera
232:butterflies
202:crepuscular
186:butterflies
182:Lepidoptera
168:Zeugloptera
157:butterflies
155:(excluding
134:Lepidoptera
5384:Categories
5338:Heterocera
5294:Arthropods
5230:Monotrysia
5088:Noctuidae
5083:Euteliidae
5067:Noctuoidea
4925:Crambidae
4917:Pyralidae
4909:Pyraloidea
4845:(skippers)
4835:Hedylidae
4419:Lacturidae
4333:Momphidae
4138:Psychidae
3649:Dacnonypha
3477:Subclass:
3467:Arthropoda
3389:Pesticides
3126:Bee pollen
3121:Beekeeping
3103:entomology
3046:Biomimicry
2978:Apitherapy
2938:In fishing
2893:Beetlewing
2874:in culture
2566:4 November
2444:30 October
2205:4 November
2166:4 November
2136:30 October
1825:19 January
1512:12 January
1451:References
1094:plume moth
903:Acherontia
840:phototaxis
820:Sphingidae
782:Ultrasonic
737:amphibians
592:Polyphemus
288:Cretaceous
257:Monotrysia
249:Heterocera
230:While the
104:Arthropoda
18:Heterocera
5182:Uraniidae
5075:Erebidae
4851:Pieridae
4597:Urodidae
4589:Urodoidea
4534:Sesiidae
4510:Sesioidea
4489:Cossidae
4481:Cossoidea
4323:Lypusidae
4146:Tineidae
4109:Tineoidea
3932:Adelidae
3924:Adeloidea
3631:Suborder
3591:Suborder
3550:Aglossata
3548:Suborder
3505:Suborder
3479:Pterygota
3459:Kingdom:
3372:templates
3344:Pesticide
2960:Fly tying
2724:0028-0836
2666:1354-1013
2538:205145880
2522:1354-1013
2395:1872-8855
2330:1365-2311
2195:0971-751X
2187:The Hindu
1926:2 October
1878:2 October
1575:0027-8424
1052:Wax moths
919:Luna moth
600:Promethea
573:mothballs
480:bollworms
439:Economics
364:meaning '
333:Old Norse
331:(compare
294:Etymology
280:proboscis
272:Hedylidae
208:species.
198:nocturnal
148:Aglossata
90:Kingdom:
84:Eukaryota
5353:Q1725788
5347:Wikidata
5096:Nolidae
4720:Immoidea
3780:Exoporia
3633:Glossata
3485:Neoptera
3465:Phylum:
3461:Animalia
3450:families
3312:Concerns
3264:Pioneers
3241:Woodworm
3146:Propolis
3101:Economic
2988:Melittin
2983:Apitoxin
2786:Archived
2744:Archived
2732:28783730
2674:27251575
2625:34433571
2560:Archived
2530:29215778
2470:Archived
2438:Archived
2407:Archived
2403:18514093
2348:25914438
2275:Archived
2256:32396782
2199:Archived
2160:Archived
2130:Archived
2107:29371523
2081:(1): 4.
2052:Archived
2002:11467425
1872:Archived
1854:Archived
1819:Archived
1794:June 24,
1766:June 24,
1729:Archived
1593:31636187
1506:Archived
1440:(1749).
1390:See also
816:Erebidae
622:silkworm
604:cecropia
565:lavender
541:blankets
535:such as
529:Tineidae
460:frenulum
290:period.
268:antennae
261:Ditrysia
153:Glossata
100:Phylum:
94:Animalia
80:Domain:
5318:Biology
5306:Animals
5282:Insects
5268:Portals
4728:Immidae
4437:Aididae
3473:Insecta
3471:Class:
3446:Extant
3236:Bed bug
3218:insects
3216:Harmful
3192:Shellac
3136:Beeswax
3091:Jingzhe
2871:insects
2867:Aspects
2860:insects
2753:13 June
2740:4466564
2704:Bibcode
2616:8386932
2595:Bibcode
2502:Bibcode
2476:5 April
2465:npr.org
2375:Bibcode
2339:4405039
2310:Bibcode
2273:. BBC.
2247:7280044
2098:5715966
1993:1690724
1695:Bibcode
1584:6842621
1553:Bibcode
1498:"Moths"
1426:Mothman
1348:, India
1346:Kolkata
1328:Female
1304:, India
1302:Kolkata
1079:Gallery
786:noctuid
749:rodents
733:lizards
557:juniper
537:clothes
522:sorghum
419:fossils
413:History
407:cocoons
405:, make
327:) from
286:in the
234:form a
206:diurnal
194:species
130:Order:
114:Insecta
110:Class:
5146:Doidae
3175:Kermes
3170:Chitin
3163:Polish
2778:
2738:
2730:
2722:
2696:Nature
2672:
2664:
2623:
2613:
2536:
2528:
2520:
2401:
2393:
2346:
2336:
2328:
2281:13 May
2254:
2244:
2193:
2105:
2095:
2000:
1990:
1739:
1591:
1581:
1573:
1480:
767:insect
632:cocoon
618:farmed
608:nectar
533:fabric
520:, and
512:, the
366:maggot
351:German
349:, and
259:, and
42:Moths
5400:Moths
3141:Honey
2858:with
2820:Moths
2747:(PDF)
2736:S2CID
2692:(PDF)
2534:S2CID
2399:S2CID
1788:CSIRO
1672:(PDF)
1657:(PDF)
1096:from
753:bears
729:birds
698:Congo
596:Atlas
563:, by
561:cedar
518:maize
376:larva
371:midge
355:Motte
342:Dutch
337:motti
324:mohðe
312:moððe
302:word
178:Moths
3185:Silk
2794:2016
2776:ISBN
2755:2023
2728:PMID
2720:ISSN
2670:PMID
2662:ISSN
2621:PMID
2568:2018
2526:PMID
2518:ISSN
2478:2018
2446:2022
2415:2021
2391:ISSN
2344:PMID
2326:ISSN
2283:2020
2252:PMID
2207:2018
2191:ISSN
2168:2018
2138:2022
2103:PMID
2024:News
1998:PMID
1928:2008
1880:2008
1827:2021
1796:2024
1768:2024
1737:ISBN
1665:USDA
1589:PMID
1571:ISSN
1514:2012
1478:ISBN
1048:pest
818:and
745:dogs
741:cats
725:owls
721:bats
588:Luna
559:and
553:silk
549:wool
539:and
478:and
361:maða
304:moth
298:The
251:and
243:and
204:and
5362:NBN
2869:of
2712:doi
2700:548
2652:doi
2611:PMC
2603:doi
2510:doi
2383:doi
2334:PMC
2318:doi
2242:PMC
2234:doi
2093:PMC
2083:doi
2047:NPR
1988:PMC
1980:doi
1976:267
1703:doi
1579:PMC
1561:doi
1549:116
1470:doi
1100:'s
673:).
551:or
346:mot
317:cf.
5386::
5364::
5349::
2784:.
2742:.
2734:.
2726:.
2718:.
2710:.
2698:.
2694:.
2668:.
2660:.
2648:23
2646:.
2642:.
2619:.
2609:.
2601:.
2589:.
2585:.
2558:.
2554:.
2532:.
2524:.
2516:.
2508:.
2498:24
2496:.
2462:.
2436:.
2432:.
2405:.
2397:.
2389:.
2381:.
2371:10
2369:.
2365:.
2342:.
2332:.
2324:.
2316:.
2306:40
2304:.
2300:.
2250:.
2240:.
2230:16
2228:.
2224:.
2197:.
2189:.
2185:.
2158:.
2154:.
2128:.
2124:.
2101:.
2091:.
2077:.
2073:.
2044:.
2019:.
1996:.
1986:.
1974:.
1970:.
1947:.
1930:.
1882:.
1852:.
1848:.
1844:.
1817:.
1813:.
1785:.
1757:.
1715:^
1701:.
1691:48
1689:.
1663:.
1659:.
1629:.
1587:.
1577:.
1569:.
1559:.
1547:.
1543:.
1504:.
1500:.
1476:.
1060:,
759:.
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