321:. On December 19, 1902, Helcher accosted de Cleyre while she was waiting alone for a trolley car, at the corner of 4th Street and Green Street. He pulled on her sleeve and when she turned to face him, he shot her at point blank in the chest. As she twisted away from him, he shot at her three more times, with two of the bullets hitting her in the back. She managed to run away down the block before collapsing, after which she was rushed to a hospital.
325:
held and asked him why he had tried to kill de Cleyre. He responded: "I don't know; I had to." Hansen asked why he had never came to tell them of his grievance and said that de Cleyre herself wasn't even aware that he was still in
Philadelphia. He asked back: "Well, why didnβt she know? She ought to have known. Nobody cared about me. I had nothing to eat for three days, and fourteen cents in my pocket."
324:
Helcher himself remained in place where he had attacked de Cleyre and was arrested without resistance. He told the police that arrested him "I don't want to live. We were sweethearts. She broke my heart and deserved to be killed." That same day, Hansen visited him at the police station where he was
328:
When the police brought him to de Cleyre's hospital bed to identify him, she refused to identify him as her attacker. Due to his mental condition, de Cleyre believed that he needed professional care, rather than carceral punishment. She also refused to appear as a witness in his trial, organized a
215:
about her, leading to him attempting to murder her. De Cleyre survived the attack but the bullet wounds caused her pain for the rest of her life. Although she defended
Helcher during his trial, he was convicted and sentenced to prison. He spent much of the remainder in his life in
345:. His condition only got worse and he was recomitted to the asylum, where he died. Helcher's bullets, which were never removed from de Cleyre's body, continued to cause her pain for the rest of her life.
290:. When the couple broke up, he attempted to get them back together "for the good of the cause". But when de Cleyre rebuffed him, he began to turn against her and started to exhibit paranoid
945:
692:
925:
306:
for de Cleyre, which caused him great distress, although he never expressed his feelings to her. By
October 1902, he had decided to murder his former teacher.
930:
813:
329:
campaign to secure his release from jail and collected funds for his defense. Despite her appeals, Helcher stood trial and was found guilty of
317:. One day, he attempted to ambush her on her way to one of her lessons, but called off the attack when he saw that she was walking with
859:
729:
706:
240:. In 1888, he emigrated to the United States, together with his mother and sister. From a young age, he showed signs of
851:
890:
760:
589:
264:
118:
229:
786:
Gaarder, Emily (2009). "Addressing violence against women: Alternatives to state-based law and punishment".
935:
920:
744:
698:
950:
204:
since childhood, after emigrating to the United States, he became obsessed with his
English teacher
338:
271:. Helcher was known in Philadelphia for having a "mild" and "gentle" character. Fellow anarchist
302:; in the latter case, he had not actually been dismissed and still had his job. He also held an
299:
940:
565:
487:
279:". But he also exhibited strange behavior; on one occasion he requested the home address of
915:
910:
268:
205:
165:
298:, believed that she had blacklisted him from her local anarchist group and had gotten him
8:
59:
333:. Although sentenced to 6 years and 9 months imprisonment, he was soon transferred to a
869:
Shone, Steve J. (2013). "Voltairine de Cleyre: More of an
Anarchist than a Feminist?".
844:
822:
807:
766:
342:
886:
855:
774:
756:
725:
702:
617:
193:
108:
98:
823:"Ida Celanire Craddock & Voltairine de Cleyre: Two Freethinkers of Philadelphia"
878:
839:
795:
748:
330:
287:
197:
150:
770:
547:
545:
267:, and began receiving lessons in the English language from the American anarchist
846:
Exquisite Rebel: The Essays of
Voltairine De Cleyre β Anarchist, Feminist, Genius
303:
253:
201:
132:
835:
542:
334:
314:
283:
so that he could break into his house and steal a lock of his daughter's hair.
280:
237:
217:
63:
882:
904:
799:
448:
295:
272:
260:
86:
688:
318:
249:
752:
637:
233:
144:
55:
791:
741:
Gates of
Freedom: Voltairine de Cleyre and the Revolution of the Mind
528:
526:
276:
245:
721:
310:
291:
241:
212:
209:
177:
136:
778:
523:
386:
834:
Sartwell, Crispin (2005). "Priestess of Pity and
Vengeance". In
716:
Brigati, A. J. (2004). "Introduction". In
Brigati, A. J. (ed.).
874:
67:
286:
Helcher soon became obsessed with his teacher and her partner
417:
275:
described him as "a little foolish, but very sincere in his
477:
475:
473:
471:
376:
374:
263:, where he found work as a cigar maker, joined the local
468:
371:
694:
An
American Anarchist: The Life of Voltairine de Cleyre
438:
436:
407:
405:
946:
Emigrants from the Russian Empire to the United States
665:
653:
511:
433:
402:
361:
359:
357:
248:in his blood. By 1895, this condition had caused a
843:
902:
354:
926:American people convicted of attempted murder
812:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of June 2024 (
931:American people of Latvian-Jewish descent
738:
647:
631:
603:
575:
497:
833:
611:
559:
536:
505:
785:
715:
627:
599:
579:
555:
228:Chaim "Herman" Helcher was born into a
903:
821:Helms, Robert P. (November 18, 2016).
687:
671:
659:
643:
623:
595:
571:
551:
532:
517:
493:
481:
454:
442:
423:
411:
392:
380:
868:
820:
607:
583:
501:
462:
458:
427:
396:
365:
341:and later released into his parents'
294:about her. He accused de Cleyre of
13:
852:State University of New York Press
14:
962:
244:, caused by the accumulation of
718:The Voltairine De Cleyre Reader
680:
788:Contemporary anarchist studies
16:Attempted murderer (1877β1912)
1:
348:
89:, Pennsylvania, United States
745:University of Michigan Press
223:
7:
739:DeLamotte, Eugenia (2004).
10:
967:
699:Princeton University Press
883:10.1163/9789004251953_004
877:: Brill. pp. 38β59.
802:(inactive June 23, 2024).
252:, which developed into a
200:. Having suffered from a
183:
171:
161:
156:
142:
128:
124:
114:
104:
94:
75:
37:
30:
23:
800:10.4324/9780203891735-12
339:Norristown, Pennsylvania
31:
720:. Oakland, California:
232:family, in the city of
208:. He began to harbor
646:, pp. 176β177;
626:, pp. 176β177;
602:, pp. viiiβix;
598:, pp. 174β176;
395:, pp. 172β173;
309:Helcher purchased a
269:Voltairine de Cleyre
206:Voltairine de Cleyre
166:Voltairine de Cleyre
936:Anarchist assassins
921:American anarchists
484:, pp. 173β174.
383:, pp. 172β173.
871:American Anarchism
794:. pp. 62β72.
771:10.3998/mpub.11482
753:10.3998/mpub.11482
724:. pp. viiβx.
582:, pp. 46β47;
500:, pp. 7, 21;
343:protective custody
265:anarchist movement
198:attempted murderer
192:(1877β1912) was a
861:978-0-7914-6094-8
854:. pp. 3β16.
840:Sartwell, Crispin
731:978-1-902593-87-6
708:978-0-691-04657-0
465:, pp. 38β39.
220:, where he died.
187:
186:
99:Har Nebo Cemetery
83:(aged 34β35)
958:
951:Failed assassins
896:
865:
849:
830:
817:
811:
803:
782:
735:
712:
675:
669:
663:
657:
651:
641:
635:
621:
615:
606:, pp. 7β8;
593:
587:
569:
563:
549:
540:
530:
521:
515:
509:
491:
485:
479:
466:
452:
446:
440:
431:
421:
415:
409:
400:
390:
384:
378:
369:
363:
331:attempted murder
288:Samuel H. Gordon
196:cigar maker and
194:Latvian American
174:
151:Attempted murder
147:
109:Latvian American
82:
52:
50:
21:
20:
966:
965:
961:
960:
959:
957:
956:
955:
901:
900:
899:
893:
862:
836:Sharon, Presley
827:Dead Anarchists
805:
804:
763:
732:
709:
683:
678:
670:
666:
658:
654:
642:
638:
630:, p. iii;
622:
618:
614:, pp. 7β8.
594:
590:
574:, p. 174;
570:
566:
554:, p. 171;
550:
543:
535:, p. 171;
531:
524:
516:
512:
496:, p. 171;
492:
488:
480:
469:
457:, p. 173;
453:
449:
441:
434:
426:, p. 172;
422:
418:
410:
403:
391:
387:
379:
372:
364:
355:
351:
304:unrequited love
254:mental disorder
226:
202:mental disorder
172:
143:
133:Unrequited love
90:
84:
80:
79:4 November 1912
71:
53:
48:
46:
44:
43:
33:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
964:
954:
953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
898:
897:
891:
866:
860:
831:
818:
783:
761:
736:
730:
713:
707:
684:
682:
679:
677:
676:
674:, p. 184.
664:
662:, p. 177.
652:
648:DeLamotte 2004
636:
632:DeLamotte 2004
616:
604:DeLamotte 2004
588:
576:DeLamotte 2004
564:
558:, p. 63;
541:
522:
520:, p. 171.
510:
498:DeLamotte 2004
486:
467:
447:
445:, p. 173.
432:
416:
414:, p. 172.
401:
385:
370:
352:
350:
347:
315:fake moustache
281:John Wanamaker
259:He settled in
238:Russian Empire
230:Latvian Jewish
225:
222:
218:mental asylums
190:Herman Helcher
185:
184:
181:
180:
175:
169:
168:
163:
159:
158:
154:
153:
148:
140:
139:
130:
126:
125:
122:
121:
116:
112:
111:
106:
102:
101:
96:
92:
91:
85:
77:
73:
72:
64:Russian Empire
54:
41:
39:
35:
34:
32:ΧΧ’Χ¨ΧΧΧ ΧΧ’ΧΧΧ©Χ’Χ¨
28:
27:
25:Herman Helcher
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
963:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
908:
906:
894:
892:9789004251953
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
867:
863:
857:
853:
848:
847:
841:
837:
832:
828:
824:
819:
815:
809:
801:
797:
793:
789:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
762:0-472-09867-5
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
737:
733:
727:
723:
719:
714:
710:
704:
700:
697:. Princeton:
696:
695:
690:
686:
685:
673:
668:
661:
656:
649:
645:
640:
633:
629:
625:
620:
613:
612:Sartwell 2005
609:
605:
601:
597:
592:
585:
581:
578:, p. 7;
577:
573:
568:
561:
560:Sartwell 2005
557:
553:
548:
546:
538:
537:Sartwell 2005
534:
529:
527:
519:
514:
507:
506:Sartwell 2005
503:
499:
495:
490:
483:
478:
476:
474:
472:
464:
460:
456:
451:
444:
439:
437:
429:
425:
420:
413:
408:
406:
398:
394:
389:
382:
377:
375:
367:
362:
360:
358:
353:
346:
344:
340:
336:
335:mental asylum
332:
326:
322:
320:
316:
312:
307:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
284:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
257:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
221:
219:
214:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
182:
179:
176:
170:
167:
164:
160:
155:
152:
149:
146:
145:Conviction(s)
141:
138:
134:
131:
127:
123:
120:
117:
113:
110:
107:
103:
100:
97:
95:Resting place
93:
88:
78:
74:
69:
65:
61:
57:
42:Chaim Helcher
40:
36:
29:
22:
19:
941:Cigar makers
870:
845:
826:
787:
740:
717:
693:
689:Avrich, Paul
681:Bibliography
667:
655:
650:, p. 7.
639:
634:, p. 7.
628:Brigati 2004
619:
600:Brigati 2004
591:
580:Gaarder 2009
567:
562:, p. 7.
556:Gaarder 2009
539:, p. 7.
513:
508:, p. 7.
489:
450:
419:
388:
327:
323:
308:
296:antisemitism
285:
273:Nathan Navro
261:Philadelphia
258:
227:
189:
188:
87:Philadelphia
81:(1912-11-04)
18:
916:1912 deaths
911:1877 births
672:Avrich 1978
660:Avrich 1978
644:Avrich 1978
624:Avrich 1978
596:Avrich 1978
572:Avrich 1978
552:Avrich 1978
533:Avrich 1978
518:Avrich 1978
494:Avrich 1978
482:Avrich 1978
455:Avrich 1978
443:Avrich 1978
424:Avrich 1978
412:Avrich 1978
393:Avrich 1978
381:Avrich 1978
319:Mary Hansen
250:brain fever
105:Nationality
905:Categories
850:. Albany:
779:2004006183
608:Helms 2016
584:Helms 2016
502:Helms 2016
463:Shone 2013
459:Helms 2016
428:Helms 2016
397:Helms 2016
366:Helms 2016
349:References
234:Daugavpils
56:Daugavpils
808:cite book
792:Routledge
292:delusions
277:anarchism
246:uric acid
236:, in the
224:Biography
213:delusions
119:Anarchism
842:(eds.).
722:AK Press
691:(1978).
311:revolver
242:paranoia
210:paranoid
178:Revolver
137:paranoia
115:Movement
173:Weapons
162:Injured
157:Details
66:(today
60:Vitebsk
47: (
889:
875:Leiden
858:
777:
769:
759:
728:
705:
313:and a
129:Motive
68:Latvia
767:JSTOR
300:fired
887:ISBN
856:ISBN
814:link
775:LCCN
757:ISBN
726:ISBN
703:ISBN
76:Died
49:1877
45:1877
38:Born
879:doi
796:doi
749:doi
337:in
907::
885:.
873:.
838:;
825:.
810:}}
806:{{
790:.
773:.
765:.
755:.
747:.
743:.
701:.
610:;
544:^
525:^
504:;
470:^
461:;
435:^
404:^
373:^
356:^
256:.
135:,
62:,
58:,
895:.
881::
864:.
829:.
816:)
798::
781:.
751::
734:.
711:.
586:.
430:.
399:.
368:.
70:)
51:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.