1026:. Unfortunately, this wasn't consistent with his real territorial and political state. Actually, each principality was an independent title, and only in Lower Silesia was his authority strong enough to not worry about his succession. The continuous rebellions of Konrad of Masovia and Władysław Odonic forced Henry in 1234 to designate his son Henry II the Pious as the heir to the throne. After that, Henry was styled Duke of Silesia and Kraków, and his son Duke of Silesia and Greater Poland. He also made an agreement with the Lesser Polish nobility, who could assure the succession of his son. In order to achieve full protection of the possession of Kraków in his bloodline, Henry began efforts towards the coronation of his son as a King of Poland. To this end, he established contacts with the Holy Roman Emperor,
1039:
897:
936:, widow of Leszek the White; fearing for the future of the inheritance of her infant son Bolesław V, she surrendered the regency of his Duchy of Sandomierz to Henry. Konrad obviously didn't intend to fight with the enormous popularity of Henry's government in both Silesia and Lesser Poland. In 1232, Henry entered Kraków and was proclaimed High Duke and overlord of Poland, and with this, he finally recovered for his Silesian Piast dynasty the title and power which his grandfather
1150:
961:, but in return received recognition of his rule over Kraków and the title of High Duke. Also, Henry was confirmed in the regency of Sandomierz on behalf of Bolesław V, a post which Konrad tried to obtain after he ordered the imprisonment of the infant Duke and his mother. Only thanks to the Gryfici's efforts, Bolesław and Grzymislawa could escape and return to their lands. The struggles over Lesser Poland continued, however, until Henry's death.
25:
1072:. Although it is alleged that this policy contributed to the significant Germanization of Silesia, some historians believe that was a common fact during the 13th century and Henry was misunderstood as a result of this. Colonization of Germans didn't cover only Silesia (which prospered considerably thanks to that), but also a dozen other towns or villages in his duchy; in consequence, Henry had to create new
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Władysław III, but they did comply with its provisions). Mieszko IV wasn't present in
Borzykowa. While the other Dukes were in Borzykowa, Mieszko IV and his army invaded Kraków, and took the capital without a fight. Mieszko IV only held Kraków for a year. Henry, although he was now the oldest of the lesser Dukes, did nothing. Leszek I the White returned to Kraków without any major difficulties.
818:). Then the situation changed drastically. Henry, a strong supporter of High Duke Władysław III, had difficulty ruling the Kraków nobility. Henry I was governing both his Silesian Duchy and Kraków, and some Kraków nobles were not satisfied with the outcome of Henry's ruling as mostly not being used to his heavy-handedness in politics. In 1229 Henry met with
662:. Duke Władysław III gained possession of Lubusz in 1206, but lost it soon after. The possession of Lubusz directly affected Henry's sovereignty and he sent his forces to the Polish western border. Initially, he tried to settle the dispute peacefully, sending ambassadors to the court of Emperor Otto IV at
928:. He decided to take the regency of Opole on behalf of the infant Dukes, in view of the strategic location of their Duchy on his way to Kraków, and also certainly they helped him to fight. But the most important card in the next conflict wasn't in the hands of Henry and Konrad, but Lesser Poland noble
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The control of Opole was vital to Henry, because this territory, through which all major commercial tracks from Wrocław to Kraków were made, was extremely strategically important. In 1234 Henryk decided to separate (under his authority) between the Upper
Silesian co-Dukes Mieszko II and Władysław the
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region. Henry accepted the offer, but the exchange resulted in political confusion. Władysław Odonic had been expecting to inherit Lubusz and
Greater Poland from his uncle Władysław III. Odonic counted on the support of the church, headed by Archbishop Henry Kietlicz of Gniezno. Władysław III had his
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on 5 May 1228, where he granted several privileges to the church and promised to respect the old laws. Complications arose when his nephew Władysław Odonic rebelled against him. High Duke Władysław III focused his attention on
Greater Poland and Henry was elected to rule Kraków as a Governor of the
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had never happened, Poland would have been united in the middle of the 13th century, and avoided the territorial losses that occurred. As a capable politician Henry managed to make
Silesia one of the most powerful states of fragmented Poland, and also tried to maintain peace in Greater and Lesser
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In internal politics, Henry maintained the power of the other Piast Dukes under his control. In order to neutralize the growing power of the nobility, he sought to promote
Knighthood. Also, he started to restrict the role of land officials, especially chastellains. The complete elimination of the
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In summer 1234 Henry the
Bearded decided to re-intervene in Greater Poland. This time the campaign was totally different to the expedition of two years earlier. Above all, it was because Władysław Odonic lost the support of the nobility, giving part of the royal prerogatives to the Archbishop of
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In 1232 Henry also had an opportunity to gain
Greater Poland, and launched an offensive against Władysław Odonic, who was also a claimant this land. The invasion was a failure, however, as a result of inaction of the Silesian nobility and support from the Church of Odonic. In his war for Lesser
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to try to find a solution to the situation. Henry, and the lesser Dukes Leszek, Konrad I, and Władysław Odonic were present. Leszek and the other Piast princes, bestowed a gift on the clergy, ensuring the integrity of the bishop's territorial possessions (the privilege wasn't signed by Henry or
912:, killed by a German girl whom he tried to rape. As he had no issue, his only heir in Greater Poland was Henry. However his authority in these areas was immediately contested. At first, Henry decided to take care of the fate of Lesser Poland, especially after the death of his cousin Duke
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two opponents, Odonic and the archbishop, exiled. Henry was now in a difficult situation. He owed a debt of gratitude to the archbishop, who helped him at the beginning of his reign, but he decided to support Władysław III. He gave the newly acquired Kalisz to Odonic, except for
990:; shortly after, he installed there his son and heir, Henry the Pious, as a Duke. On the other hand, in Lesser Poland, the borders were less secure. The military mutual support between Henry and Odonic was tested in 1235, when Henry managed to recover Wladyslaw's castle in
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to settle territorial disputes and the actions of Duke
Swietopelk II. Władysław Odonic and Henry supported Leszek and his brother Konrad of Masovia. Władysław III of Greater Poland did not go to Gąsawa. Duke Swietopelk II, a member of the Pomerelian
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dynasty, had declared himself independent from Polish vassalage. The High Duke demanded a serious reprimand for
Swietopelk, or his complete removal from the duchy. Swietopelk II (probably with the help of Władysław Odonic) attacked first, at
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The relationship with the Church wasn't good all the time. In many cases, Henry decided to give concessions, but at the end, in one way or another, the conflict arose again. At the end of his life, the conflicts were even more complicated.
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to obtain the return of Lubusz to Silesia. They returned without a response, and Henry organized an armed expedition. No military action was needed. On 6 May 1210, Margrave Konrad II died, and Henry took Lubusz and the Lusatian town of
710:. Henry was finally able to add this strategically important area to his duchy, although he did so without the consent of Duke Władysław III of Greater Poland. Henry also managed to obtain another asset; a castle in
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marched against Greater Poland. He was defeated at the walls of Kalisz, but later he managed a victory over Władysław Odonic, the senior sovereign of Greater Poland. Władysław III escaped to Upper Silesian
978:. The success was complete and Odonic, wanting to save his power and convinced by the Archbishop, agreed to make an agreement with Henry: he received the half of Greater Poland up to the
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High Duke, not as High Duke, in recognition of his military support of Władysław III. The High Duke also promised that Henry and his descendants were to be the heirs of Greater Poland.
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After the papal bull affair, Henry supported peace and cooperation with High Duke Leszek and Duke Władysław III of Greater Poland. The pact was established in 1217 in a meeting in
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excommunicated High Duke Leszek. Mieszko IV Tanglefoot quickly conquered Kraków and took the title of High Duke. The excommunication bull was issued at the request of an anonymous
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623:(later including Leszek's younger brother Konrad of Masovia) brought some mutual benefits to the alliance. Władysław's inclusion brought about an immediate restitution of
2090:
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1141:. His personal emblem was a white inverted-cross in the middle of the arc, in the form of white and black eagle on the wings; this remained as the emblem of Silesia.
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593:, probably Henry (because Mieszko IV used the title Duke of Racibórz-Opole). The situation became quite confused and no one was sure who held the real power.
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became a priest, possibly because of the scheming of Henry's mother Christina. Henry became Bolesław's sole heir in 1190. Through his marriage with
865:. Konrad decided to release Henry I if he renounced his rights to Kraków. The Pope later freed him of his promise as it was obtained under duress.
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Władysław III Spindleshanks had assumed the throne at Kraków, but was deposed in 1206. Leszek became High Duke and Duke of Kraków. The loss of the
762:, and the Duke of Greater Poland, Władysław III, saw an opportunity to retake Kraków and the title of High Duke under the guise of regency. The
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Henry I the Bearded with his family. In the center sit: Henry and his wife Hedwig, from left stand: Gertrude, Agnes, Henry II the Pious and
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who decided to support the Silesian Duke. Not without significance was the support which Henry gave -when he was Governor of Kraków- to
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During his reign, Henry also improved the economy and infrastructure of his lands by supporting the immigration of German settlers (
746:. On 23 November 1227, Leszek the White and Henry were trapped in an ambush. Leszek was killed and Henry was seriously wounded.
638:. These crusades, in 1222 and 1223, both failed despite the vast financial outlay. Henry then proposed bringing a contingent of
89:
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582:, causing a temporary rift between Henry and Władysław III. In 1208, the relationship was mended during a meeting in Głogów.
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effectively prevented the continuation of the treaties. In 1225, Henry broke the treaty and entered Kraków. When Landgrave
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nobility was impossible, and for this, Henry based their government on the support of noble families, like the Gryfici.
42:
498:, were strong supporters of the Staufer. Henry remained neutral, and refused to take part in the conflict between the
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and Leszek's formal sovereignty over the rest of the country. Over the next few years the three dukes cooperated.
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1124:. However, all his work was destroyed only three years after his death due to a completely unexpected event; the
953:. Under the terms of this agreement, he had to resign henceforth any pretension over the Lesser Poland lands of
679:
In 1223 the Piast alliance was finally broken. In Greater Poland, Władysław Odonic and, his brother-in-law, Duke
1995:
444:), which had passed from Jarosław's possession into Henry's. Mieszko wanted more than Opole, but was opposed by
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Henry the Bearded is considered by historians as one of the most prominent Piast Princes from the period of
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was able to maintain Silesia's independence, and he prepared an armed expedition against Lesser Poland.
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Poland, however, he had a complete success. In 1233 Henry and Konrad of Masovia signed a treaty in
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397:. Henry's three older brothers Boleslaw, Conrad and John (1174-1190) died. His older half-brother
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The struggles for Lubusz continued intermittently until 1230, when Margrave Louis IV's successor
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erupted in 1228. Initially, Henry was successful as he repelled Konrad forces at the Battles of
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threw himself on Henry, saving Henry's life. A new power struggle for the Polish throne began.
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to Poland. Duke Konrad I of Masovia put out the call and the knights entered Poland in 1226.
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The expedition against Konrad, undertaken in 1231, ended in a defeat at the walls of
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Archbishop Henry Ketlicz, who had returned from exile some time before, called the
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534:. Two opposing groups emerged: 1) Mieszko IV Tanglefoot (Henry's uncle), and Duke
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494:, then a loyal follower of the House of Hohenstaufen. His wife Agnes, of the ducal
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as the common frontier, in return for which he assumed direct control over Opole.
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First Attempt to gain Greater Poland. Precarious settlement with Konrad of Masovia
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had the upper hand in the fight for Kraków, especially after the Congress of
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nobles sided with Leszek's brother Duke Konrad I of Masovia. In the Duchy of
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caused Władysław III to change his alliance, increasing his presence in West
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The conquest of Greater Poland caused later Polish historians to call Henry
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Efforts to obtain the Royal Crown. Attempt to secure his son's Succession
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The real help for Henry I's Hedwig of Andechs went to Płock to speak to
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Gertrude (ca. 1200 – Trebnitz, 6/30 December 1268), Abbess of Trebnitz.
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The Second War with Władysław Odonic for Władysław III's Inheritance
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Relations with the Hohenstaufens, Wittelsbachs, Welfs and Přemyslids
460:. They supported Henry because he paid them 1,000 pieces of silver.
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24:
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1531:
1165:(ca. 1174 – Abbey of Trebnitz, 15 October 1243), daughter of Duke
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Death of Władysław III Spindleshanks. Henry I, High Duke of Poland
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resigned his rights over Lubusz in 1229 and sold his claim to the
569:). He proposed to Henry an exchange of territories: the Silesian
538:
of Greater Poland (Mieszko III's son and successor), and 2) Dukes
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In 1227 Leszek the White organized an assembly of Piast Dukes at
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The Attempt to gain Kraków in 1225 and the struggles over Lubusz
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was declared the rightful heir under the regency of his mother
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1255:. Vol. I: The Origins to 1795. Columbia University Press.
979:
908:; but, luckily for Henry, Władysław III died unexpectedly in
668:
558:(Władysław III's nephew). Henry once again remained neutral.
437:
1112:) which he had founded in 1202 on the request of his wife.
1133:
Poland during a period of considerable changes in Western
1128:. In general historians agree that if the disaster at the
480:, at first, Henry wasn't directly involved in this fight.
428:, died 8 December 1201. Early in 1202 Henry's uncle, Duke
1139:
An honest man who only thought to be useful to his people
1076:
for the new foreigners; the first was granted in 1211 in
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planned a military expedition to recover Greater Poland.
793:
630:
The main motive for the treaty between the three was the
483:
After 1207, Henry betrothed his daughter Gertrude to the
333:; c. 1165/70 – 19 March 1238) was a Polish duke from the
1230:
1228:
368:
1182:(ca. 1196 – killed in battle, Legnica, 9 April 1241)
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Henry resigned his claim to Kraków because Margrave
514:
and was executed in 1209, so there was no marriage.
1225:
798:After Leszek's death, a war between Henry and Duke
510:. Otto VIII murdered the German Hohenstaufer King
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2091:Burials at the Sanctuary of St. Jadwiga, Trzebnica
405:(1182–1189), Henry was connected to the rulers of
360:– internally divided – from 1232 until his death.
1157:; at the bottom sit: Sophie and Konrad the Curly.
722:The Congress of Gąsawa. Death of Leszek the White
2022:
1188:(ca. 1198 – Czerwony Kosciol, 4 September 1213).
777:, with the help of local nobles. In the Poland,
857:Konrad I and the intervention of Duchess Hedwig
472:was in the middle of the struggles between the
924:, both under the guardianship of their mother
753:
695:attacked Lubusz, Henry retreated from Kraków.
1464:
714:, conquered after a local conflict with Duke
518:Involvement in politics of the Polish duchies
1191:Sophie (ca. 1200 – before 22/23 March 1214).
2011:indicates monarch of questioned historicity
1197:A son (before 25 December 1208 – 1214/17).
1176:Bolesław (ca. 1191 – 10 September 1206/08).
381:, by his second wife Christina, probably a
2051:Medieval nobility of the Holy Roman Empire
1471:
1457:
1024:the most powerful Piast Prince of his time
868:Meanwhile, the lesser nobles were finding
758:Leszek the White left a one-year-old son,
645:
131:
1137:. One contemporary chronicler called him
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
1148:
1115:
1037:
895:
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1173:Agnes (ca. 1190 – before 11 May 1214).
794:Loss of Lesser Poland and imprisonment
1452:
1253:God's Playground: A History of Poland
1144:
1064:), mainly from the home of his wife,
634:expeditions against the pagan Baltic
16:High Duke of Poland from 1232 to 1238
1033:
872:'s rule harsh. Konrad took Duchy of
488:Otto VIII, Count Palatine of Bavaria
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
13:
369:Early career and the loss of Opole
14:
2102:
436:, attacked and took the Duchy of
373:Henry was the fourth son of Duke
900:Monarchy of the Silesian Henries
23:
34:needs additional citations for
1:
1218:
1122:Poland's feudal fragmentation
916:and the minority of his sons
522:In 1202 the Polish High Duke
2056:12th-century Polish nobility
2041:13th-century Polish monarchs
1996:Stanisław August Poniatowski
1208:History of Poland (966–1385)
1169:. They had seven children:
1028:Frederick II of Hohenstaufen
880:, giving it to his own son,
671:, which he held until 1218.
619:. Each member of this Piast
7:
2086:People of Byzantine descent
1971:Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki
1712:Władysław III Spindleshanks
1344:Władysław III Spindleshanks
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754:Henry I, Governor of Krakow
615:, and then a year later in
536:Władysław III Spindleshanks
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998:, son of the deposed Duke
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681:Swietopelk II of Pomerelia
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1797:Dukes of Sieradz-Łęczyca
1440:(Only in the Southwest)
1100:) and was buried in the
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748:Peregrinus of Wiesenburg
550:(sons of late High Duke
137:Henry's effigy on a seal
2071:Dukes of Greater Poland
1777:Dukes of Greater Poland
1251:Davies, Norman (1982).
1161:By 1188, Henry married
646:The First War of Lubusz
573:for the Greater Poland
526:died. He was from the
363:
2046:Polish Roman Catholics
1981:Augustus II the Strong
1898:Władysław III of Varna
1782:Dukes of Little Poland
1687:Władysław II the Exile
1642:Casimir I the Restorer
1636:Bolesław the Forgotten
1437:Duke of Greater Poland
1167:Berthold IV of Merania
1158:
1092:Henry died in 1238 in
1047:
1046:of the Silesian Piasts
994:, in defense of which
938:Władysław II the Exile
901:
708:Albert I of Käfernburg
330:
322:
1923:Sigismund II Augustus
1893:Władysław II Jagiełło
1870:Louis I the Hungarian
1852:Casimir III the Great
1747:Bolesław V the Chaste
1722:Mieszko IV Tanglefoot
1692:Bolesław IV the Curly
1662:Bolesław III Wrymouth
1569:Piast the Wheelwright
1152:
1116:Assessment and legacy
1044:black crownless eagle
1041:
1000:Diepold II of Bohemia
899:
716:Barnim I of Pomerania
693:Louis IV of Thuringia
446:Archbishop of Gniezno
430:Mieszko IV Tanglefoot
1966:John II Casimir Vasa
1885:Jagiellonian dynasty
1847:Władysław I Łokietek
1647:Bolesław II the Bold
1620:Bolesław I the Brave
1334:Mieszko I Tanglefoot
530:branch of the royal
492:House of Wittelsbach
331:Heinrich der Bärtige
43:improve this article
2031:12th-century births
1918:Sigismund I the Old
1862:Capet-Anjou dynasty
1752:Leszek II the Black
1742:Bolesław the Horned
1702:Casimir II the Just
1697:Mieszko III the Old
1410:High Duke of Poland
1298:Bolesław I the Tall
1126:Mongolian invasions
1098:Crossen an der Oder
934:Grzymislawa of Luck
842:Konrad I of Masovia
800:Konrad I of Masovia
775:Grzymislawa of Luck
552:Casimir II the Just
548:Konrad I of Masovia
524:Mieszko III the Old
375:Bolesław I the Tall
299:Bolesław I the Tall
197:Bolesław I the Tall
162:Konrad I of Masovia
144:High Duke of Poland
58:"Henry the Bearded"
2061:People from Głogów
1956:Sigismund III Vasa
1807:Dukes of Pomerania
1737:Henry II the Pious
1652:Władysław I Herman
1630:Mieszko II Lambert
1480:Monarchs of Poland
1420:Henry II the Pious
1388:Mieszko II the Fat
1315:Henry II the Pious
1269:Henry the Bearded
1180:Henry II the Pious
1159:
1145:Marriage and issue
1048:
1020:King of all Poland
940:had lost in 1146.
918:Mieszko II the Fat
914:Casimir I of Opole
902:
836:Henry II the Pious
598:Synod of Borzykowa
563:Seniorate Province
273:Henry II the Pious
207:Henry II the Pious
172:Henry II the Pious
2018:
2017:
1976:John III Sobieski
1961:Władysław IV Vasa
1933:Elective monarchy
1817:Přemyslid dynasty
1732:Henry the Bearded
1447:
1446:
1417:Succeeded by
1393:Władysław Opolski
1385:Succeeded by
1358:Succeeded by
1331:Succeeded by
1312:Succeeded by
1163:Hedwig of Andechs
1130:Battle of Legnica
1094:Krosno Odrzańskie
1034:Internal politics
922:Władysław Opolski
587:Pope Innocent III
500:Holy Roman Empire
470:Holy Roman Empire
454:Bishop of Wrocław
403:Hedwig of Andechs
399:Jarosław of Opole
385:. He was born in
315:Henry the Bearded
312:
311:
261:Hedwig of Andechs
239:Krosno Odrzańskie
126:Henry the Bearded
119:
118:
111:
93:
2098:
2076:Dukes of Wrocław
1792:Dukes of Kuyavia
1787:Dukes of Masovia
1772:Dukes of Silesia
1757:Henryk IV Probus
1717:Władysław Odonic
1707:Leszek the White
1473:
1466:
1459:
1450:
1449:
1430:Władysław Odonic
1427:Preceded by
1400:Preceded by
1371:Władysław Odonic
1368:Preceded by
1361:Władysław Odonic
1341:Preceded by
1295:Preceded by
1290:
1283:
1265:
1264:
1256:
1238:
1232:
1213:Dukes of Silesia
1186:Konrad the Curly
1008:Ziemia wieluńska
930:House of Gryfici
687:. Disputes with
640:Teutonic Knights
606:
556:Władysław Odonic
540:Leszek the White
512:Philip of Swabia
496:House of Andechs
424:Henry's father,
277:Konrad the Curly
227:Duchy of Silesia
135:
123:
122:
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
2106:
2105:
2101:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2096:
2095:
2021:
2020:
2019:
2014:
2000:
1951:Stephen Báthory
1941:Henry of Valois
1927:
1879:
1856:
1832:
1811:
1673:
1666:
1601:
1573:
1482:
1477:
1442:
1439:
1432:
1422:
1413:
1405:
1395:
1391:
1381:
1373:
1363:
1354:
1346:
1336:
1327:
1317:
1308:
1300:
1284:
1278:
1277:
1274:Silesian Piasts
1270:
1247:
1242:
1241:
1233:
1226:
1221:
1204:
1147:
1118:
1090:
1036:
1016:
967:
946:
894:
859:
796:
783:Cienia Pierwsza
756:
730:
728:Gąsawa massacre
724:
677:
648:
600:
591:Duke of Silesia
520:
466:
371:
366:
342:Duke of Silesia
289:Silesian Piasts
275:
252:
250:Trzebnica Abbey
237:
221:
179:Duke of Silesia
138:
115:
104:
98:
95:
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2104:
2094:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2081:Dukes of Opole
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2016:
2015:
2013:
2012:
2005:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1946:Anna Jagiellon
1943:
1937:
1935:
1929:
1928:
1926:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
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1866:
1864:
1858:
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1849:
1843:
1841:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1829:Wenceslaus III
1826:
1821:
1819:
1813:
1812:
1810:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
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1627:
1622:
1617:
1611:
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1603:
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1600:
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1589:
1583:
1581:
1579:Proto-historic
1575:
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1549:
1542:
1535:
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1428:
1424:
1423:
1418:
1415:
1406:
1401:
1397:
1396:
1386:
1383:
1378:Duke of Kalisz
1374:
1369:
1365:
1364:
1359:
1356:
1351:Duke of Kalisz
1347:
1342:
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1089:
1086:
1035:
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966:
963:
945:
942:
893:
890:
884:. Henry I and
858:
855:
795:
792:
755:
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726:Main article:
723:
720:
676:
673:
647:
644:
528:Greater Polish
519:
516:
465:
462:
450:Henry Kietlicz
370:
367:
365:
362:
350:Duke of Kraków
310:
309:
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15:
9:
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4:
3:
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2047:
2044:
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2034:
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2029:
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2026:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2003:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
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1979:
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1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
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1949:
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1944:
1942:
1939:
1938:
1936:
1934:
1930:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1908:John I Albert
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1888:
1886:
1882:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1867:
1865:
1863:
1859:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1842:
1840:
1839:Piast dynasty
1835:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1824:Wenceslaus II
1822:
1820:
1818:
1814:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
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1775:
1773:
1770:
1767:
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1713:
1710:
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1700:
1698:
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1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1684:
1683:
1682:
1677:
1675:
1672:Fragmentation
1669:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1637:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1612:
1610:
1608:
1607:Piast dynasty
1604:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1576:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1554:
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1543:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1534:
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1529:
1527:
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1519:
1515:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1506:
1505:
1501:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1474:
1469:
1467:
1462:
1460:
1455:
1454:
1451:
1441:
1438:
1431:
1425:
1421:
1412:
1411:
1404:
1398:
1394:
1389:
1380:
1379:
1372:
1366:
1362:
1353:
1352:
1345:
1339:
1335:
1326:
1325:
1324:Duke of Opole
1320:
1316:
1307:
1306:
1299:
1293:
1288:
1281:
1276:
1275:
1266:
1261:
1258:
1254:
1249:
1248:
1237:, p. 64.
1236:
1231:
1229:
1224:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1205:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1184:
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1172:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1164:
1156:
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1142:
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1127:
1123:
1113:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1085:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1062:
1056:
1052:
1045:
1040:
1031:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1011:
1009:
1003:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
962:
960:
956:
952:
941:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
907:
898:
889:
887:
886:Władysław III
883:
879:
875:
871:
866:
864:
854:
852:
848:
843:
839:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
816:Lesser Poland
813:
809:
805:
801:
791:
788:
784:
780:
779:Władysław III
776:
772:
769:
765:
764:Lesser Polish
761:
751:
749:
745:
740:
735:
729:
719:
717:
713:
709:
705:
701:
696:
694:
690:
689:Władysław III
686:
682:
672:
670:
665:
661:
657:
653:
643:
641:
637:
636:Old Prussians
633:
628:
626:
622:
618:
614:
609:
604:
599:
594:
592:
588:
583:
581:
576:
572:
568:
564:
559:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
532:Piast dynasty
529:
525:
515:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
486:
481:
479:
475:
471:
461:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
434:Upper Silesia
431:
427:
422:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
395:Lower Silesia
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
361:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
338:
336:
335:Piast dynasty
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
307:
303:
300:
297:
293:
290:
287:
285:
281:
278:
274:
271:
269:
265:
262:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
240:
236:19 March 1238
235:
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224:
219:
215:
211:
208:
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134:
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113:
110:
102:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
2008:
1991:Augustus III
1768:
1731:
1679:
1634:
1551:
1544:
1537:
1530:
1523:
1516:
1509:
1502:
1495:
1435:
1408:
1376:
1349:
1322:
1303:
1286:
1279:
1272:
1252:
1160:
1138:
1119:
1109:
1097:
1091:
1081:
1059:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1023:
1019:
1017:
1007:
1004:
1002:was killed.
982:River, from
968:
947:
910:Środa Śląska
903:
867:
860:
840:
834:Castle, and
797:
757:
731:
697:
678:
649:
629:
610:
595:
590:
584:
560:
521:
482:
467:
441:
423:
390:
372:
339:
314:
313:
308:Christina(?)
120:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
2036:1238 deaths
1986:Stanisław I
1762:Przemysł II
1289:19 May 1238
1235:Davies 1982
1061:Ostsiedlung
876:from young
804:Międzyborze
706:Archbishop
700:Henry Raspe
660:Lubusz Land
621:triumvirate
601: [
571:Lubusz Land
348:from 1201,
193:Predecessor
158:Predecessor
2025:Categories
1903:Casimir IV
1546:Leszko III
1443:1234–1238
1414:1232–1238
1355:1206–1207
1328:1201–1202
1309:1201–1238
1219:References
1104:church of
1102:Cistercian
878:Bolesław V
874:Sandomierz
824:Spytkowice
768:Sandomierz
739:Samborides
544:Sandomierz
426:Bolesław I
99:April 2013
69:newspapers
1913:Alexander
1837:Restored
1769:See also:
1615:Mieszko I
1597:Siemomysł
1564:Chościsko
1559:Popiel II
1539:Leszko II
1511:Krakus II
1488:Legendary
1106:Trzebnica
1078:Złotoryja
1074:town laws
1066:Franconia
826:. During
812:Wrocieryż
704:Magdeburg
664:Altenburg
652:Konrad II
632:crusading
567:Pomerania
485:Pfalzgraf
468:When the
354:High Duke
203:Successor
188:1201–1238
168:Successor
153:1232–1238
1727:Konrad I
1657:Zbigniew
1587:Siemowit
1553:Popiel I
1532:Leszko I
1504:Krakus I
1403:Konrad I
1202:See also
1155:Bolesław
1110:Trebnitz
1082:Goldberg
996:Borzivoj
882:Bolesław
851:Henry II
847:Racibórz
814:(all in
771:Bolesław
760:Bolesław
613:Dańkowie
585:In 1210
506:and the
476:and the
452:and the
2009:Italics
1875:Jadwiga
1625:Bezprym
1518:Lech II
1245:Sources
1070:Bavaria
972:Gniezno
959:Sieradz
955:Łęczyca
906:Gniezno
712:Cedynia
658:seized
656:Lusatia
617:Sądowlu
554:), and
504:Staufer
490:of the
474:Staufer
458:Cyprian
415:Bohemia
411:Hungary
407:Germany
379:Silesia
356:of all
346:Wrocław
340:He was
220:c. 1165
83:scholar
1674:period
1592:Lestek
1497:Lech I
1285:
1135:Europe
988:Poznań
984:Kalisz
870:Konrad
863:Konrad
820:Konrad
787:Kalisz
744:Gąsawa
734:Gąsawa
685:Ujście
625:Lubusz
580:Poznań
575:Kalisz
502:, the
442:Oppeln
419:France
417:, and
391:Glogau
387:Głogów
383:German
358:Poland
327:German
319:Polish
305:Mother
295:Father
257:Spouse
245:Burial
223:Głogów
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
1525:Wanda
1382:1234
1287:Died:
1282:~1165
1280:Born:
1088:Death
980:Warta
976:Pełka
951:Chełm
926:Viola
832:Płock
808:Skała
785:near
683:took
669:Guben
605:]
508:Welfs
478:Welfs
438:Opole
284:House
268:Issue
185:Reign
150:Reign
90:JSTOR
76:books
1068:and
1042:The
1022:and
992:Śrem
986:and
957:and
920:and
828:mass
810:and
364:Life
352:and
233:Died
217:Born
62:news
1390:and
1084:).
822:in
654:of
542:of
432:of
393:),
377:of
344:at
45:by
2027::
1227:^
974:,
806:,
718:.
603:pl
546:,
456:,
448:,
421:.
413:,
409:,
337:.
329::
325:,
321::
225:,
1472:e
1465:t
1458:v
1108:(
1096:(
1080:(
440:(
389:(
317:(
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
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