11573:
11621:
11355:
11288:
11179:
11506:
11397:
11221:
11330:
11548:
11422:
11246:
11011:
10885:
10843:
10759:
11730:
11688:
11464:
11614:
11646:
11772:
11137:
11095:
11053:
10969:
10801:
10927:
11390:
11323:
11214:
98:
11541:
11432:
10853:
11583:
11256:
11021:
10895:
10769:
11566:
11415:
11740:
11698:
11474:
11189:
11063:
10811:
11239:
11004:
10878:
10836:
11782:
11656:
11516:
11365:
11298:
11147:
11105:
10979:
10937:
11723:
11681:
11457:
10752:
11765:
11639:
11348:
11281:
11172:
11088:
11046:
10962:
10794:
11130:
11499:
10920:
16346:
1213:
9949:
11927:
1198:
17538:
59:
9856:
9805:
9767:
9729:
9673:
9635:
10242:
10209:
10176:
10128:
380:
16062:
11596:
11590:
11439:
10902:
11263:
11028:
10776:
11747:
11705:
11663:
11481:
11196:
11112:
11070:
10818:
11789:
11523:
11372:
11305:
11154:
10986:
10944:
10860:
11891:
Following the adoption of Greek
Hellenistic alphabetic numeration practice, Hebrew letters started being used to denote numbers in the late 2nd century BC, and performed this arithmetic function for about a thousand years. Nowadays alphanumeric notation is used only in specific contexts, e.g.
15783:
transliterated. To the eye of readers orientating themselves on Latin (or similar) alphabets, these letters might seem to be transliterated as vowel letters; however, these are in fact transliterations of the vowel diacritics – niqqud (or are representations of the spoken vowels). E.g., in
15876:
Hebrew – never to spell Hebrew words; therefore they were not included in this table (correctly translating a Hebrew text with these letters would require using the spelling in the language from which the transliteration to Hebrew was originally made). The non-standard
16844:
Shachmon, Ori, and Merav Mack. "Speaking Arabic, Writing Hebrew. Linguistic
Transitions in Christian Arab Communities in Israel". Wiener Zeitschrift Für Die Kunde Des Morgenlandes, vol. 106, 2016, pp. 223–239. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/26449346. Accessed 15 July
16109:
Why does the story of creation begin with bet?... In the same manner that the letter bet is closed on all sides and only open in front, similarly you are not permitted to inquire into what is before or what was behind, but only from the actual time of
16031:, for example, records that "the Israelites took for themselves square calligraphy", and that the letters "came with the Israelites from Ashur "); others attribute mystical significance to the letters, connecting them with the process of creation or
1356:, Judaeo-Spanish, and Yiddish. The Hebrew alphabet continued in use for scholarly writing in Hebrew and came again into everyday use with the rebirth of the Hebrew language as a spoken language in the 18th and 19th centuries, especially in
15830: is omitted from the transliteration, and only the subsequent vowels are transliterated (whether or not their corresponding vowel diacritics appeared in the text being transliterated), resulting in "im", "em" and "om", respectively.
1170:, a modified version of the Hebrew alphabet used to write Yiddish, is a true alphabet, with all vowels rendered in the spelling, except in the case of inherited Hebrew words, which typically retain their Hebrew consonant-only spellings.
5095:⟩, are often found in slang and loanwords that are part of the everyday Hebrew colloquial vocabulary. The symbol resembling an apostrophe after the Hebrew letter modifies the pronunciation of the letter and is called a
30:
This article is about the alphabet derived from the
Aramaic alphabet (CE 135 – present). For the original Hebrew alphabet derived directly from the Phoenician alphabet (10th century BCE – CE 135), see
10651:
The following table displays typographic and chirographic variants of each letter. For the five letters that have a different final form used at the end of words, the final forms are displayed beneath the regular form.
10076:) underneath the letter, the vowel is made very short. When sh'va is placed on the first letter of the word, mostly it is "è" (but in some instances, it makes the first letter silent without a vowel (vowel-less): e.g.
16035:. In mystical conceptions, the alphabet is considered eternal, pre-existent to the Earth, and the letters themselves are seen as having holiness and power, sometimes to such an extent that several stories from the
1769:: the letter is combined with a previous vowel and becomes silent, or by imitation of such cases in the spelling of other forms. Also, a system of vowel points to indicate vowels (diacritics), called
10655:
The block (square, or "print" type) and cursive ("handwritten" type) are the only variants in widespread contemporary use. Rashi is also used, for historical reasons, in a handful of standard texts.
15822:), whereas the vowels /i/, /e/ and /o/ respectively represent the spoken vowel, whether it is orthographically denoted by diacritics or not. Since the Academy of the Hebrew Language ascertains that
1853:, used to indicate how scriptural passages should be chanted in synagogue recitations of scripture (although these marks do not appear in the scrolls). In everyday writing of modern Hebrew,
16088:. Another example of messianic significance attached to the letters is the teaching of Rabbi Eliezer that the five letters of the alphabet with final forms hold the "secret of redemption".
9585:
are often omitted in writing, except for children's books, prayer books, poetry, foreign words, and words which would be ambiguous to pronounce. Israeli Hebrew has five vowel phonemes,
4507:), but these were lost among most Jews due to these sounds not existing in the countries where they lived (such as in nearly all of Eastern Europe). Yiddish modified /θ/ to /s/ (cf.
16724:/v/ at a non-initial and non-final position in the word, whereas a single vav at a non-initial and non-final position in the word in spelling without niqqud denotes one of the
16223:
16256:
9352: are considered to constitute part of the vowel designation in combination with a niqqud symbol – a vowel diacritic (whether or not the diacritic is marked), whereas
16196:
17749:
16290:
16166:
16317:
11866:
are indicated by a small line on top of the letter. Its use has been largely discontinued in modern printed texts. It is still used to mark fricative consonants in the
16835:
Gaash, Amir. "Colloquial Arabic written in Hebrew characters on
Israeli websites by Druzes (and other non-Jews)." Jerusalem studies in Arabic and Islam 43 (2016): 15.
16023:
The letters of the Hebrew alphabet have played varied roles in Jewish religious literature over the centuries, primarily in mystical texts. Some sources in classical
2346:
version (4QLam/4Q111), reversed ordering also appears in the first chapter (i.e. in all the first four chapters). The fact that these chapters follows the pre-exilic
1831:, and his family for several generations, are credited for refining and maintaining the system. These points are normally used only for special purposes, such as
17459:
16084:
box, is missing from the current alphabet. The world's flaws, the book teaches, are related to the absence of this letter, the eventual revelation of which will
1325:, who remained in the Land of Israel, continued to use the paleo-Hebrew alphabet. During the 3rd century BCE, Jews began to use a stylized, "square" form of the
16716:
be indistinguishably represented in Hebrew using the letter vav. Sometimes the vav is indeed doubled, however not to denote as opposed to but rather, when
16054:, largely through exposition on the powers of the letters of the alphabet. The supposed creative powers of the letters are also referenced in the Talmud and
1865:
or "triliterals") allow Hebrew speakers to determine the vowel-structure of a given word from its consonants based on the word's context and part of speech.
17364:
17264:
16940:
16896:
Naveh, Joseph (1987), "Proto-Canaanite, Archaic Greek, and the Script of the
Aramaic Text on the Tell Fakhariyah Statue", in Miller; et al. (eds.),
366:
16548:(final) position, with few exceptions. In medial positions, both pronunciations are possible. In Modern Hebrew this restriction is not absolute, e.g.
16099:
qualities and depicted as speaking to God. Commonly their shapes are used in parables to illustrate points of ethics or theology. An example from the
22432:
19085:
18569:
4741:), depending on the position of the letter and other factors. When vowel diacritics are used, the hard sounds are indicated by a central dot called
19515:
19505:
19080:
16501:
generally (as six of the primary letters can have only two variants) have four forms, according to their place in the word. The same goes with the
4659:
19495:
19485:
19075:
19070:
19065:
18535:
16783:. "Square Hebrew became established in the 2nd and 1st centuries bce and developed into the modern Hebrew alphabet over the next 1,500 years."
21211:
19500:
1173:
The Arabic and Hebrew alphabets have similarities because they are both derived from the
Aramaic alphabet, which in turn derives either from
5730:
consisting of a single Hebrew letter or of multiple Hebrew letters, respectively. Geresh is also the name of a cantillation mark used for
18644:
5301:
The pronunciation of the following letters can also be modified with the geresh diacritic. The represented sounds are however foreign to
16958:
16793:
Abu Elhija, Dua'a (23 January 2014). "A new writing system? Developing orthographies for writing Arabic dialects in electronic media".
6267:
when preceded by a vowel (commonly indicated with a macron, ḇ ḡ ḏ ḵ p̄ ṯ). The plosive and double pronunciations were indicated by the
2374:
6271:. In Modern Hebrew the sounds ḏ and ḡ have reverted to and , respectively, and ṯ has become , so only the remaining three consonants
1909:
standard). Although Hebrew is read and written from right to left, the following table shows the letters in order from left to right:
21243:
17781:
15670:
14395:
8887:
8854:
8835:
10609:
and is a punctuation mark used in the Hebrew language to denote acronyms. It is written before the last letter in the acronym, e.g.
22833:
18490:
16336:
1693:
16027:
seem to acknowledge the historical provenance of the currently used Hebrew alphabet and deal with them as a mundane subject (the
2352:
order is evidence for them being written shortly after the events described, rather than being later, post-exilic compositions.
22853:
17746:
20433:
16912:
5305:, i.e., these symbols mainly represent sounds in foreign words or names when transliterated with the Hebrew alphabet, and not
1815:
To preserve the proper vowel sounds, scholars developed several different sets of vocalization and diacritical symbols called
22425:
22313:
18562:
17673:
17390:
17149:
17011:
16922:
11823:. They are not used in Hebrew, aside from in loan words. They are possible to visually recreate using a sequence of letters,
1082:
styles. In the remainder of this article, the term "Hebrew alphabet" refers to the square script unless otherwise indicated.
20882:
9077:
6450:
6436:
4511:
in
Spanish), but in modern Israeli Hebrew, it is simply pronounced /t/. Likewise, historical /ð/ is simply pronounced /d/.
11820:
5549: is indeed a native sound in Hebrew; the geresh is however used only when transliteration must distinguish between
20319:
18631:
16735:
16711:
15888:
8044:
8033:
8022:
8011:
8000:
7985:
7274:
7263:
7252:
7241:
5273:
5086:
3447:
397:
18855:
22780:
17819:
16457:
16387:
is included for HTML. These can be used in many markup languages, and they are often used in Wiki to create the Hebrew
1341:. After the fall of the Persian Empire in 330 BCE, Jews used both scripts before settling on the square Assyrian form.
1051:
Historically, two separate abjad scripts have been used to write Hebrew. The original, old Hebrew script, known as the
17466:
6202:
Some of the variations in sound mentioned above are due to a systematic feature of
Ancient Hebrew. The six consonants
22843:
22081:
22067:
22037:
21176:
17643:
17569:
17285:
22418:
22299:
21016:
20413:
18555:
17621:
17544:
16080:, holds that a single letter of unknown pronunciation, held by some to be the four-pronged shin on one side of the
15912:
15695:
15585:
14443:
14257:
8982:
8971:
8960:
8949:
8938:
8927:
8916:
6182:
5222:
5050:
4273:
802:
22775:
18860:
6492:. It is used for loanwords with non-native Hebrew sounds. The dot in the middle of some of the letters, called a "
208:
22848:
20739:
20000:
17361:
16937:
16670:
15932:) is often transcribed "ch", inconsistently with the guidelines specified by the Academy of the Hebrew Language:
14615:
14600:
12524:
12504:
12393:
12379:
8565:
8554:
8543:
8532:
8521:
4006:
3894:
666:
348:
22863:
22306:
20872:
20511:
18446:
18441:
17814:
15099:
13374:
12408:
12364:
10646:
9987:
in Modern Hebrew. This is not correct in the normative pronunciation and not consistent in the spoken language.
7535:
7524:
7513:
7502:
5572:
5560:
1239:
1078:") of representation of the Jewish script letters described in this article also exist, including a variety of
808:
2414:
1906:
20981:
20506:
19564:
17774:
15904:
15896:
15036:
14824:
13279:
12894:
6887:
5569: transliterates the former and ח the latter, whereas in everyday usage ח without geresh is pronounced
5183:
5144:
5066:
5058:
648:
17:
19843:
16121:
Extensive instructions about the proper methods of forming the letters are found in
Mishnat Soferim, within
16050:, a mystical text of uncertain origin which describes a story of creation highly divergent from that in the
22292:
22271:
19559:
19334:
18850:
18626:
18451:
17124:
Eretz-Israel: Archaeological, Historical and
Geographical Studies / ארץ-ישראל: מחקרים בידיעת הארץ ועתיקותיה
16703:
16320:
15557:
14205:
10336:
10216:
9817:
9779:
9201:
9066:
9055:
9044:
9033:
9022:
9011:
8638:
8627:
8616:
8587:
8576:
8329:
8318:
8307:
8296:
8285:
8274:
8263:
7230:
7215:
6810:
6780:
6123:
6063:
5897:
4330:
4062:
3686:
2938:
2622:
2274:
486:
16641:
16633:
16625:
16605:
16597:
16589:
16571:
16567:
16558:
16554:
16009:
15997:
15985:
15947:
15938:
15235:
15220:
14450:
14264:
14212:
14080:
14054:
13983:
13713:
13610:
13595:
13589:
13584:
13475:
13348:
13286:
12901:
12665:
9586:
9531:
9487:
9483:
9456:
9452:
9425:
9341:
8371:
6453:
6439:
6412:
6384:
6363:
6348:
6336:
6321:
6317:
6272:
6203:
4662:
4630:
4600:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4460:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4409:
4404:
4400:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4179:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4132:
4127:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4085:
4080:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4019:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3963:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3907:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3851:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3780:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3311:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3183:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3013:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2895:
2853:
2848:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2797:
2792:
2788:
2746:
2741:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2640:
2635:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2584:
2579:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
362:
358:
22172:
22151:
20831:
20826:
20521:
20423:
18945:
18636:
18521:
17966:
16973:
16384:
15492:
15435:
14073:
13976:
12339:
10484:
9702:
eh (precise pronunciation); ei (imprecise due to modern pronunciation, even if with succeeding yod – see
9647:
8808:
8389:
8378:
7766:
7755:
7744:
7733:
7186:
3754:
2877:
1298:
18225:
1893:, meaning in this context "final" or "ending") form, used only at the end of a word, somewhat as in the
22239:
20836:
20403:
19816:
18877:
16654:
16366:
16201:
15966:
15923:
15296:
15287:
15150:
15082:
15073:
13720:
13706:
13468:
13355:
13341:
12375:
standard it has set. When omitted, no such precise alternative exists and the regular standard applies.
12310:") to a letter multiplies its value by one thousand, for example, the year 5778 is portrayed as
9245:
9234:
9223:
9212:
9128:
9117:
9106:
8492:
8481:
8470:
8459:
8448:
8437:
8426:
7703:
7692:
7681:
7670:
7659:
7648:
7637:
7579:
7568:
5981:
5943:
5580:
5552:
5540:
5492:
5438:
4496:
4447:
4382:
3950:
3833:
3395:
3283:
3165:
3108:
19569:
18887:
17740:
16234:
9340:
are letters that can sometimes indicate a vowel instead of a consonant (which would be, respectively,
1028:. In modern Hebrew, vowels are increasingly introduced. It is also used informally in Israel to write
971:
20489:
20211:
19764:
19351:
17238:
16733:
16709:
16701:
16668:
16652:
15964:
15921:
15910:
15902:
15894:
15886:
15811:
15693:
15668:
15658:
15641:
15631:
15583:
15555:
15490:
15471:
15433:
15416:
15294:
15285:
15277:
15275:
15227:
15225:
15212:
15210:
15148:
15097:
15080:
15071:
15063:
15061:
15034:
14989:
14979:
14822:
14695:
14657:
14441:
14393:
14383:
14361:
14351:
14255:
14203:
14071:
14045:
13974:
13955:
13718:
13704:
13696:
13694:
13602:
13600:
13576:
13574:
13466:
13372:
13353:
13339:
13331:
13329:
13277:
13192:
13182:
12892:
12656:
12590:
11931:
10482:
10447:
10412:
10375:
10373:
10334:
10288:
10247:
10214:
10183:
10181:
10135:
10133:
10104:
9921:
9866:
9823:
9815:
9777:
9741:
9739:
9685:
9683:
9645:
9611:
9243:
9232:
9221:
9210:
9199:
9170:
9159:
9148:
9137:
9126:
9115:
9104:
9075:
9064:
9053:
9042:
9031:
9020:
9009:
8980:
8969:
8958:
8947:
8936:
8925:
8914:
8885:
8874:
8863:
8852:
8844:
8833:
8825:
8814:
8806:
8773:
8762:
8751:
8740:
8730:
8720:
8709:
8698:
8687:
8636:
8625:
8614:
8585:
8574:
8563:
8552:
8541:
8530:
8519:
8490:
8479:
8468:
8457:
8446:
8435:
8424:
8387:
8376:
8327:
8316:
8305:
8294:
8283:
8272:
8261:
8232:
8221:
8210:
8199:
8188:
8177:
8166:
8137:
8126:
8115:
8104:
8093:
8082:
8071:
8042:
8031:
8020:
8009:
7998:
7983:
7956:
7954:
7945:
7943:
7934:
7932:
7923:
7921:
7912:
7910:
7901:
7899:
7866:
7855:
7844:
7833:
7822:
7811:
7800:
7764:
7753:
7742:
7731:
7701:
7690:
7679:
7668:
7657:
7646:
7635:
7577:
7566:
7533:
7522:
7511:
7500:
7491:
7489:
7458:
7456:
7447:
7445:
7436:
7434:
7425:
7423:
7414:
7412:
7399:
7397:
7349:
7301:
7272:
7261:
7250:
7239:
7228:
7213:
7184:
7131:
7120:
7109:
7098:
7065:
7054:
7043:
7032:
7013:
6984:
6973:
6962:
6951:
6918:
6907:
6896:
6885:
6874:
6859:
6832:
6830:
6821:
6819:
6808:
6799:
6797:
6778:
6749:
6738:
6727:
6716:
6705:
6694:
6683:
6645:
6180:
6121:
6061:
6022:
5979:
5941:
5895:
5844:
5833:
5802:
5618:
5578:
5570:
5558:
5550:
5538:
5490:
5436:
5353:
5326:
5271:
5220:
5181:
5142:
5118:
5084:
5064:
5056:
5048:
4573:
4445:
4380:
4328:
4271:
4220:
4159:
4060:
4004:
3948:
3892:
3831:
3760:
3752:
3744:
3684:
3593:
3502:
3445:
3393:
3387:
3385:
3333:
3281:
3224:
3163:
3106:
2995:
2993:
2936:
2875:
2833:
2768:
2676:
2620:
2559:
2493:
2485:
2366:
1828:
872:
22858:
22828:
21989:
21975:
21280:
19863:
19666:
18882:
18485:
18163:
17932:
17767:
10449:
9923:
9172:
9161:
9150:
9139:
8775:
8764:
8753:
8742:
7303:
6586:
6581:
1276:
1265:
1182:
21594:
19010:
17406:
16974:
Spelling in the Hebrew Bible: Dahood memorial lecture, By Francis I. Andersen, A. Dean Forbes, p56
16179:
12433:
with no dagesh, SBL uses the same symbols as for with dagesh (i.e. "b", "g", "d", "k", "f", "t").
11431:
97:
22278:
21306:
20263:
19940:
19919:
19799:
19779:
19611:
19282:
19186:
18663:
18621:
18578:
18528:
18507:
18470:
18358:
18158:
17940:
17907:
17828:
17105:
Tappy, Ron E., et al. "An Abecedary of the Mid-Tenth Century B.C.E. from the Judaean Shephelah."
17093:
16779:
16268:
16144:
15643:
14363:
11572:
10852:
8711:
8700:
8689:
7857:
7846:
7835:
7824:
7813:
7802:
7133:
7122:
7111:
7100:
7015:
6751:
6740:
6729:
6718:
6707:
6696:
6685:
6024:
5620:
5355:
5302:
5042:
4984:
4504:
4222:
4161:
3335:
3226:
2835:
2770:
2561:
2370:
1662:
410:
18380:
18257:
17580:
16295:
11582:
11255:
11020:
10894:
820:
20996:
19935:
19925:
19858:
19368:
18801:
18168:
17824:
17437:"Resources for New Testament Exegesis – Transliteration Standards of The SBL Handbook of Style"
14991:
14981:
13194:
13184:
12331:
10768:
10414:
10249:
9868:
9825:
9360: are considered to be mute, their role being purely indicative of the non-marked vowel.
7351:
6986:
6975:
6964:
6953:
4649:
2383:
The descriptions that follow are based on the pronunciation of modern standard Israeli Hebrew.
1657:
1353:
1021:
344:
18235:
17663:
11739:
11697:
11620:
11473:
11354:
11287:
11188:
11178:
11062:
1717:
1090:
22792:
22380:
22285:
22074:
22023:
21483:
21405:
21169:
21108:
21093:
20662:
20541:
20283:
20243:
19975:
19651:
18835:
18823:
18796:
18781:
18393:
18153:
18007:
17001:
16955:
16362:
16024:
15660:
14385:
11827:, except when a diacritic is inserted underneath that would not appear in the middle.
11505:
10810:
10726:
8876:
8846:
8827:
8732:
8179:
8168:
8139:
8128:
8117:
8106:
8095:
8084:
8073:
7067:
7056:
7045:
7034:
6259:. The full details are very complex; this summary omits some points. They were pronounced as
3595:
3504:
1824:
1280:
1269:
1059:. The present "Jewish script" or "square script", on the contrary, is a stylized form of the
1052:
945:
166:
32:
21088:
20293:
11781:
11655:
11515:
11364:
11297:
11146:
11104:
10978:
10936:
6542:
the "dagesh chazak" – orthographically indistinguishable from the "dagesh kal" – designates
1248:
dialects were largely indistinguishable before around 1000 BCE. An example of related early
22144:
21895:
21572:
21068:
20723:
20687:
20092:
20015:
19848:
19596:
19586:
19425:
19408:
18724:
18353:
18273:
18002:
12439:
Click "show" to view extended table including examples.
11396:
11329:
11220:
8722:
6920:
6909:
6898:
6876:
6861:
6311:
5812:
5750:
pronunciation is prevalent, many letters have the same pronunciation. They are as follows:
2678:
2323:
1249:
740:
421:
161:
91:
17003:
Writing and Literacy in the World of Ancient Israel: Epigraphic Evidence from the Iron Age
11547:
5693:
The guidelines specified by the Academy of the Hebrew Language prefer Resh with a geresh (
5662:
5644:
5629:
5501:
5447:
5384:
5364:
1812:), except for Hebrew words, which in Yiddish are written in their Hebrew spelling.
8:
22787:
22634:
22442:
20971:
20867:
20589:
20112:
18818:
18400:
18388:
18306:
18110:
17581:"Using the Pe–Ayin Order of the Abecedaries of Ancient Israel to Date the Book of Psalms"
16095:
portions of non-mystical rabbinic literature. In such aggada the letters are often given
15972:
15826: in initial position is not transliterated, the symbol for the glottal stop
15633:
14353:
12385:
transcription is specified whenever it uses a different symbol from the one used for the
12347:
11613:
10719:
9581:
is the system of dots that help determine vowels and consonants. In Hebrew, all forms of
8865:
8816:
8234:
8223:
8212:
8201:
8190:
7868:
6314:
4738:
3840:
2115:
1793:
1641:
1492:
1486:
1261:
1245:
1186:
1178:
1045:
753:
555:
505:
171:
19134:
12352:
The following table lists transliterations and transcriptions of Hebrew letters used in
11421:
10044:) underneath the letter and to the left of the vowel point, the vowel is made long. The
6206:
were pronounced differently depending on their position. These letters were also called
22838:
22130:
22107:
21741:
21630:
21620:
21512:
21455:
21441:
21398:
21103:
20986:
20821:
20713:
20672:
20626:
20621:
20516:
20498:
20166:
20097:
20062:
20010:
19823:
19811:
19222:
19144:
19045:
18600:
18474:
18415:
18410:
18288:
17608:
17279:
16985:
Pardee, Dennis. "A Brief Case for the Language of the 'Gezer Calendar' as Phoenician".
16818:
16426:
16376:
16126:
11245:
11010:
10884:
10842:
10144:
9282:
6333:
3762:
2487:
1840:
1839:
or when teaching the language to children. The Tiberian system also includes a set of
1636:
1338:
1284:
1056:
784:
694:
449:
236:
226:
131:
21363:
21021:
12282:
The numbers 500, 600, 700, 800 and 900 are commonly represented by the juxtapositions
11729:
11687:
11463:
11389:
11322:
11213:
10758:
1337:), while the Samaritans continued to use a form of the paleo-Hebrew script called the
22253:
22246:
21982:
21968:
21880:
21769:
21679:
21658:
21637:
21565:
21497:
21356:
21314:
21266:
21001:
20991:
20636:
20631:
20536:
20531:
20438:
20393:
20216:
20196:
20186:
20176:
20171:
20107:
20102:
20030:
19965:
19950:
19900:
19895:
19838:
19774:
19732:
19574:
19460:
19383:
18899:
18894:
18771:
18466:
18363:
18296:
18261:
18210:
17669:
17639:
17612:
17600:
17565:
17386:
17145:
17007:
16918:
16822:
16810:
16717:
16687:
16451:
16416:
16358:
16100:
16032:
11851:
11771:
11645:
11540:
11136:
11094:
11052:
10968:
10800:
10614:
10006:
9273:
6432:
6367:
5734:
recitation, though its visual appearance and function are different in that context.
5377:
2378:
1874:
1786:
1631:
1318:
1041:
866:
734:
480:
17089:
17087:
10926:
1151:, which is when certain consonants are used to indicate vowels. There is a trend in
22802:
22387:
22325:
22218:
22179:
22165:
22123:
21998:
21944:
21925:
21859:
21851:
21837:
21830:
21755:
21551:
21526:
21462:
21434:
21349:
21335:
21252:
21225:
21162:
21073:
20976:
20798:
20641:
20268:
20248:
20238:
20233:
20117:
19873:
19806:
19794:
19759:
19754:
19737:
19676:
19641:
19601:
19403:
19398:
19346:
19297:
19181:
19115:
19055:
19005:
18950:
18867:
18845:
18830:
18776:
18766:
18700:
18514:
17919:
17887:
17854:
17691:
17592:
16802:
16774:
16532:, respectively, at the beginning of a word, while they will have the sole value of
16502:
16103:(a parable intended to discourage speculation about the universe before creation):
16028:
15954:
11565:
11414:
10733:
6576:
6546:, which today is realized only rarely – e.g. in biblical recitations or when using
6428:
6360:
6215:
5706:
is also used to denote an abbreviation consisting of a single Hebrew letter, while
5006:
2439:
2343:
1902:
1796:, vowels are indicated, using certain letters, either with niqqud diacritics (e.g.
1344:
The square Hebrew alphabet was later adapted and used for writing languages of the
1326:
1314:
1306:
1302:
1167:
1060:
1037:
1029:
1009:
885:
796:
770:
758:
728:
700:
686:
575:
567:
254:
203:
176:
143:
135:
40:
36:
22225:
21420:
21046:
20697:
20067:
17734:
16357:
Hebrew block extends from U+0590 to U+05FF and from U+FB1D to U+FB4F. It includes
11238:
11003:
10877:
10835:
22807:
22211:
21903:
21844:
21790:
21783:
21762:
21748:
21732:
21710:
21665:
21558:
21533:
21505:
21490:
21413:
21391:
21384:
21342:
21302:
21273:
20961:
20931:
20754:
20677:
20443:
20373:
20278:
20226:
20206:
20142:
20132:
20122:
20087:
20052:
20047:
20042:
19955:
19910:
19905:
19789:
19784:
19631:
19621:
19475:
19440:
19435:
19415:
19309:
19267:
19207:
19090:
19060:
18970:
18930:
18872:
18806:
18786:
18717:
18705:
18461:
18425:
18331:
18267:
18245:
17924:
17914:
17892:
17866:
17861:
17849:
17804:
17790:
17753:
17652:
17559:
17368:
17084:
16962:
16944:
16806:
16498:
16431:
16340:
16169:
16096:
16077:
16051:
15953:
Although the Bible does include a single occurrence of a final pe with a dagesh (
12335:
11893:
11886:
11722:
11680:
11456:
10751:
10642:
10293:
10109:
10049:
9616:
9304:
6609:
6604:
6599:
5854:
5331:
5123:
5021:
4988:
4965:
4818:
4804:
4568:
2458:
2448:
2395:
1905:. These are shown below the normal form in the following table (letter names are
1898:
1886:
1764:
1688:
1667:
1615:
1558:
1349:
1345:
1257:
1147:
1102:
1033:
1005:
966:
860:
854:
848:
722:
706:
677:
458:
259:
244:
231:
119:
20408:
19591:
17065:
17063:
17061:
17059:
11764:
11638:
11347:
11280:
11171:
11129:
11087:
11045:
10961:
10793:
1159:
to indicate vowels that have traditionally gone unwritten, a practice known as "
935:
492:
22348:
22232:
22116:
22096:
22005:
21873:
21804:
21703:
21651:
21644:
21476:
21469:
21448:
21427:
21328:
21321:
21128:
21083:
21011:
21006:
20857:
20841:
20816:
20759:
20749:
20744:
20584:
20458:
20418:
20388:
20334:
20329:
20324:
20298:
20273:
20221:
20161:
20127:
20077:
20025:
19990:
19945:
19915:
19868:
19828:
19727:
19681:
19636:
19554:
19490:
19445:
19430:
19393:
19373:
19341:
19329:
19277:
19272:
19262:
19252:
19247:
19164:
19149:
19139:
19105:
19095:
19040:
19025:
18990:
18840:
18744:
18692:
18582:
18278:
17997:
17987:
17902:
17897:
17716:
17631:
17122:
A. Dotan. “The Alphabet Inscription of 'Izbet Ṣarṭah / כתובת הא"ב מעזבת צרטה.”
17070:
16421:
16411:
16324:
16228:
notation marks the ordered sequence of all distinct infinite cardinal numbers.
15803:
11855:
11498:
10919:
10705:
10634:
10235:
10202:
10097:
9604:
6571:
6443:
6288:
5727:
4969:
4781:, and does not affect the name of the letter. The differences are as follows:
2327:
1894:
1594:
1579:
1330:
1253:
1231:
1223:
1079:
1017:
790:
778:
712:
628:
602:
595:
471:
329:
322:
22410:
20558:
17144:(in German). Darmstadt: WBG (Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft). p. 62.
16874:
only in that the Books may be written in any language, while phylacteries and
15979:", even when in final word position, which occurs with loanwords (e.g.
4960:
In other dialects (mainly liturgical) there are variations from this pattern.
1317:, another offshoot of the same family of scripts, which flourished during the
1089:. Five letters have different forms when used at the end of a word. Hebrew is
22822:
22678:
22355:
22204:
22137:
22060:
22030:
21888:
21866:
21797:
21693:
21672:
21519:
21377:
21295:
21288:
21259:
21218:
21133:
21123:
21118:
20905:
20599:
20258:
20201:
19853:
19626:
19510:
19465:
19420:
19388:
19237:
19154:
19127:
19100:
19030:
19015:
19000:
18955:
18712:
18130:
17871:
17604:
17596:
17419:
17056:
16814:
16645:
16173:
16122:
16066:
16043:
12353:
10169:
10053:
6518:
6473:
5825:
4540:. When vowel diacritics are used, the two phonemes are differentiated with a
4520:
4280:
2426:
2145:
1924:
1778:
1720:. It has 22 letters, five of which use different forms at the end of a word.
1522:
1160:
1152:
1025:
923:
814:
313:
127:
19174:
17743:– For typing Hebrew with an English keyboard (Hebrew keyboard|Hebrew layout)
17324:
22601:
22513:
22469:
21811:
21776:
21717:
21204:
20966:
20862:
20775:
20667:
20568:
20378:
20191:
20156:
20137:
20072:
19960:
19722:
19646:
19455:
19450:
19361:
19356:
19292:
19232:
19212:
19169:
19159:
19110:
18995:
18975:
18965:
18813:
18791:
18749:
18547:
18405:
18321:
18253:
18095:
18055:
18035:
17982:
17721:
16441:
16225:
15819:
15813:
15473:
15418:
14697:
14659:
14047:
13957:
12658:
12592:
10712:
10638:
10279:
9269:
6647:
5846:
5500:
5446:
3746:
3602:
2945:
2568:
2495:
2326:, whose first four chapters are ordered as alphabetical acrostics. In the
2092:
1956:
1858:
1748:
1584:
1468:
1462:
1402:
1378:
1227:
1218:
1174:
1126:
1098:
826:
620:
614:
561:
544:
20020:
17436:
16987:
Linguistic Studies in Phoenician, ed. Robert D. Holmstedt and Aaron Schade
16398:
layout, the Hebrew layout was derived from the order of letters on Hebrew
16168:, pronounced aleph-naught, aleph-zero, or aleph-null, is used to mark the
16042:
The idea of the letters' creative power finds its greatest vehicle in the
1873:
Unlike the Paleo-Hebrew writing script, the modern Hebrew script has five
1212:
634:
22502:
22394:
22158:
22089:
21370:
21061:
20921:
20682:
20526:
20383:
20288:
20057:
19985:
19970:
19878:
19671:
19581:
19480:
19470:
19324:
19287:
19242:
19227:
19202:
19122:
19050:
19035:
18739:
18480:
18326:
18050:
17992:
17711:
17310:
17032:
16648:
16436:
16380:
16345:
16258:
16085:
16073:
9948:
9286:
6263:
at the beginning of a syllable, or when doubled. They were pronounced as
4998:
In Yemenite Hebrew, and in the Iraqi pronunciation of the word "Adonai",
2884:
2266:
2262:
1947:
1740:
1396:
1133:
1086:
1064:
984:
608:
393:
16938:
The Calendar Tablet from Gezer, Adam L Bean, Emmanual School of Religion
16914:
The Early History of God: Yahweh and the other deities in ancient Israel
21051:
21026:
20594:
20037:
19527:
19522:
19378:
19319:
18960:
18370:
17127:
17110:
16446:
16399:
16138:
12428:
11926:
10698:
6543:
6208:
5747:
4680:
1878:
1563:
1322:
913:
896:
642:
16740:, Hebrew readers must therefore rely on former knowledge and context.
6457:
5363:
22362:
22341:
22334:
21113:
20950:
20646:
20613:
20448:
20339:
19888:
19616:
19532:
19257:
18345:
18316:
16617:
16262:
15834:
14619:
12528:
12396:
11916:
10606:
10594:
6370:
6264:
5460:
5010:
1729:
1713:
1206:
1197:
1094:
581:
279:
264:
21056:
18515:
Gesenius' Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament Scriptures
16394:
Standard Hebrew keyboards have a 101-key layout. Like the standard
6521:(in some forms of Hebrew it modifies also the sounds of the letters
1773:, was developed. In modern forms of the alphabet, as in the case of
1105:, during its centuries-long use scribes devised means of indicating
1067:(lit. "Assyrian script"), since its origins were alleged to be from
21078:
21041:
21036:
20916:
20877:
20718:
20477:
20362:
20253:
19995:
19883:
19833:
19704:
19217:
19020:
18980:
18761:
18754:
18605:
18420:
18012:
17833:
16729:
16081:
12419:
transliteration system of the Academy of the Hebrew Language; for "
11920:
11909:
11859:
10510:
10072:
10065:
6564:
6550:
6481:
5804:
5306:
2270:
1610:
1589:
929:
902:
437:
354:
21098:
17759:
16886:(ed. Herbert Danby), Oxford University Press: London 1977, p. 202.
21185:
20692:
20563:
20453:
20428:
20314:
20151:
20005:
19980:
19749:
19656:
19304:
18918:
18729:
16863:
16725:
16721:
16609:
16608:; similarly (though today very rare in Hebrew and common only in
16581:
16354:
16092:
15653:
15485:
15428:
15092:
14604:
14378:
14066:
13969:
13367:
12508:
12382:
12343:
11913:
11871:
10666:
6477:
6424:
6260:
5715:
5193:
5154:
4734:
4537:
2435:
1774:
1672:
1334:
1068:
1013:
295:
249:
139:
123:
16505:, except for three of the 22 letters, which have only one form.
15767:
In transliterations of modern Israeli Hebrew, initial and final
5628:
22612:
22579:
22186:
19930:
19742:
19661:
19606:
19314:
18985:
18311:
18220:
18215:
18200:
18195:
18145:
18100:
18085:
17524:. Woodstock, Vermont: Jewish Lights Publishing, Woodstock. 1990
17465:. Academy of the Hebrew Language. November 2006. Archived from
16956:"Is it "Tenable"?", Hershel Shanks, Biblical Archaeology Review
16576:
16395:
16388:
16371:
16036:
15960:אַל-תּוֹסְףְּ עַל-דְּבָרָיו: פֶּן-יוֹכִיחַ בְּךָ וְנִכְזָבְתָּ.
15837:
12303:
11935:
10000:
9994:
9942:
9905:
9855:
9804:
9798:
9766:
9760:
9728:
9672:
9634:
9577:
6547:
6493:
6489:
5743:
5097:
5038:
4674:
3693:
3454:
2100:
1836:
1770:
1474:
1444:
1357:
1283:
by scholars, began to emerge around 800 BCE. An example is the
1202:
1111:
587:
533:
527:
379:
109:
58:
10241:
10208:
10175:
10127:
5697:); however, this guideline is not universally followed
1297:
The paleo-Hebrew alphabet was used in the ancient kingdoms of
1256:
over which scholars are divided as to whether its language is
35:. For the descendant script of the Paleo-Hebrew alphabet, see
22645:
22524:
22491:
22480:
22458:
20553:
20548:
20398:
20181:
20082:
19769:
18680:
18456:
18301:
18205:
18190:
18185:
18180:
18115:
18060:
18045:
18040:
18030:
16468:"Alef-bet" is commonly written in Israeli Hebrew without the
16055:
13914:
10690:
10618:
10040:
10033:
9887:
9849:
9722:
9666:
9628:
6842:
5731:
4508:
4491:
By analogy with the other dotted/dotless pairs, dotless tav,
4069:
3002:
2777:
2685:
2502:
2123:
2077:
1964:
1939:
1932:
1916:
1832:
1782:
1732:
1709:
1553:
1535:
1504:
1498:
1408:
1390:
1384:
1372:
1140:
1106:
1001:
840:
834:
70:
17020:
11896:, denoting grades of school in Israel, other listings (e.g.
6484:. The apostrophe-looking symbol after some letters is not a
6476:
of the Hebrew letters in reconstructed historical forms and
2336:
ordering, and the second, third and fourth chapters exhibit
2265:
indicate a slightly different ordering of the alphabet. The
1857:
are absent; however, patterns of how words are derived from
22667:
22656:
22623:
22568:
22557:
22546:
22535:
21031:
20926:
18230:
18175:
18125:
18120:
18105:
18080:
18075:
18070:
18065:
16613:
16061:
15929:
11867:
11840:
10121:
9695:
6485:
6248:
6242:
6230:
6224:
5032:
4229:
4168:
3769:
3233:
3172:
3115:
3058:
2137:
2130:
2107:
1992:
1985:
1978:
1971:
1756:
1516:
1510:
1480:
1438:
1432:
1426:
1420:
1414:
1310:
1189:(including Hebrew, Moabite, Phoenician, Punic, et cetera).
1119:
1093:. Originally, the alphabet was an abjad consisting only of
1075:
17044:
15576:
15027:
14815:
14243:
13265:
12880:
12421:
12268:
12255:
12240:
12227:
12212:
12199:
12184:
12171:
12156:
12143:
12128:
12115:
12102:
12087:
12074:
12061:
12046:
12033:
12020:
12005:
11992:
11979:
10023:) is used since it can only be represented by that letter.
9255:
9182:
9087:
8992:
8897:
8785:
8670:
8597:
8502:
8407:
8348:
8339:
8244:
8149:
8054:
7966:
7878:
7713:
7618:
7549:
7468:
7284:
7196:
7143:
7077:
6996:
6930:
6761:
6666:
6657:
6536:
6530:
6524:
6511:
6505:
6499:
4552:-dot is above the upper-right side of the letter, and the
1728:
In the traditional form, vowels are indicated by the weak
22689:
22687:
22676:
22665:
22654:
22643:
22632:
22621:
22610:
22599:
22590:
22588:
22577:
22566:
22555:
22544:
22533:
22522:
22511:
22500:
22489:
22478:
22467:
22456:
18135:
18090:
17655:
In the Beginning: A Short History of the Hebrew Language.
17491:
Babylonian Talmud, Tractate Pesach 87b, Avodah Zarah 18a.
11595:
11589:
11438:
10901:
10859:
10010:
have different functions, even though they look the same.
6227:
4389:
3511:
2153:
2084:
1528:
1456:
1450:
17206:
16676:
15771: (in regular transliteration), silent or initial
12399:
transcription is specified whenever it differs from IPA
11262:
11027:
10775:
2277:
each contain a number of reverse letter orders; such as
17665:
A Catholic Introduction to the Bible: The Old Testament
17170:
16697: (also two vavs but together as one character).
11746:
11704:
11662:
11480:
11195:
11111:
11069:
10817:
6423:
by the time the vowel pointing was devised. Because of
6283:
may have also been a "doubled" letter, making the list
12325:
11788:
11522:
11371:
11304:
11153:
10985:
10943:
4658:, which in biblical-Judaic-Hebrew corresponded to the
4653:
1055:, has been largely preserved in a variant form as the
17107:
Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research
17094:
Unicode names of Hebrew characters at fileformat.info
16659:
at the end of a word is denoted by the regular form "
16298:
16271:
16237:
16204:
16182:
16147:
9966:
The circle represents whatever Hebrew letter is used.
6245:
6239:
6218:
5822:
In initial, final, or sometimes medial word position:
1201:
Paleo-Hebrew alphabet containing 22 letters, period,
1085:
The Hebrew alphabet has 22 letters. It does not have
16700:
The Academy of the Hebrew Language states that both
16470:
15844:" – is used with some other letters as well (
6467:
6251:
6233:
6221:
2347:
2337:
2331:
2317:
2308:
2302:
2296:
2290:
2284:
2278:
2261:
As far back as the 13th century BCE, ancient Hebrew
1848:
1109:
sounds by separate vowel points, known in Hebrew as
977:
353:. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
17158:
16039:illustrate the idea that they cannot be destroyed.
6236:
1708:In the traditional form, the Hebrew alphabet is an
16616:placed above the letter unambiguously denotes the
16311:
16284:
16250:
16217:
16190:
16160:
10582:in Israeli writing for the sake of disambiguation
10563:in Israeli writing for the sake of disambiguation
6431:, this phoneme is known to have originally been a
1116:In both biblical and rabbinic Hebrew, the letters
17357:
17355:
17353:
17351:
17349:
17347:
17345:
17343:
17341:
17194:
17182:
16999:
16091:In addition, the letters occasionally feature in
11938:, with Hebrew numerals in counterclockwise order.
9191:
9096:
9001:
8906:
8794:
8679:
8606:
8511:
8416:
8357:
8253:
8158:
8063:
7975:
7887:
7792:
7722:
7627:
7558:
7477:
7389:
7341:
7293:
7205:
7152:
7086:
7005:
6939:
6851:
6770:
6675:
6615:
5537:Unlike the other sounds in this table, the sound
4556:-dot is above the upper-left side of the letter.
4495:, would be expected to be pronounced /θ/ (
22820:
17383:Chapters in Phonetics and Phonetic Transcription
17362:Transliteration guidelines preceding 2006-update
1823:, literally "points"). One of these, the
1309:of the Kingdom of Judah in the 6th century BCE,
367:IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters
22440:
18536:Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament
17623:Pe before Ayin in Biblical Pre-Exilic Acrostics
17309:" is rare but exists, e.g. last word in
16870:1:8): "The Books differ from phylacteries and
16198:, the set of all integers. More generally, the
10284:(phonetically not manifested in Israeli Hebrew)
6197:
1181:, both being slight regional variations of the
17717:Official Unicode standards document for Hebrew
17682:
17338:
17050:
17038:
17026:
16754:Possibly rooted from Ancient Egyptian ḏ or dj.
16391:compatible with the majority of web browsers.
15810: always represents the same consonant:
6496:kal", also modifies the sounds of the letters
22426:
21170:
18563:
17775:
17517:
17515:
16917:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co. p. 20.
16508:In forms of Hebrew older than Modern Hebrew,
1789:with the weak letters acting as true vowels.
1785:may be indicated. Today, the trend is toward
1333:(and which in turn had been adopted from the
1063:and was technically known by Jewish sages as
18577:
17687:. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
17661:
17325:
17314:
17301:
17299:
17297:
17295:
17212:
16993:
16677:table of transliterations and transcriptions
16580:may be inserted to unambiguously denote the
16562:
16549:
16489:
16483:
16477:
16004:
15992:
15980:
15958:
15942:
15933:
15797:
15791:
15785:
14509:
14467:
14417:
14325:
14283:
14231:
14179:
14139:
14099:
14009:
13906:
13859:
13819:
13779:
13739:
13670:
13630:
13550:
13501:
13444:
13397:
13305:
13253:
13213:
13156:
13116:
13074:
13025:
12980:
12920:
12868:
12813:
12773:
12733:
12689:
12620:
12560:
12426:
11903:
11897:
11880:
11845:
5686:
5680:
5672:
5654:
5529:
5520:
5472:
5402:
5394:
1138:
1131:
1124:
1117:
17737:– Virtual & Interactive Hebrew Keyboard
17454:
17452:
17450:
17448:
17446:
16728:/u/ or /o/. To pronounce foreign words and
12425:" SBL uses "ṣ" (≠ AHL "ẓ"), and for
12411:transliteration system, recommended in its
5091:, non-standardly sometimes transliterated ⟨
5028:without dagesh is pronounced as in "thick"
5002:without dagesh is pronounced as in "these"
1185:used in ancient times to write the various
22433:
22419:
21177:
21163:
18570:
18556:
17782:
17768:
17724:—including Hebrew letters, sorted by shape
17662:Pitre, Brant J.; Bergsma, John S. (2018).
17585:Journal for the Study of the Old Testament
17512:
17139:
16792:
15885:" are sometimes used to represent
11854:is no longer regularly used in Hebrew. In
10621:, printed above the accented letter, e.g.
9589:, but many more written symbols for them:
5737:
5017:without dagesh is pronounced as in "silk"
2375:International Phonetic Alphabet for Hebrew
96:
17630:
17292:
17262:
17176:
17140:Renz, Johannes; Röllig, Wolfgang (2016).
17006:. Society of Biblical Lit. pp. 30–.
16184:
10613:. Gershayim is also the name of a
17500:Babylonian Talmud, Tractate Berachot 55c
17482:Jerusalem Talmud, Tractate Sanhedrin 21b
17443:
17126:, vol. 16 (טז), 1982, pp. 62–69. JSTOR,
16786:
16663:", as opposed to the final form "
16344:
16337:Unicode and HTML for the Hebrew alphabet
16116:Babylonian Talmud, Tractate Hagigah, 77c
16060:
11925:
5831:
5792:
5766:
5746:'s general population, especially where
5033:Sounds represented with diacritic geresh
1252:from the area include the tenth-century
1211:
1196:
17385:. Jerusalem: Magnes. pp. 207–211.
15917:appears in Hebrew slang and loanwords.
5024:, and formerly in some other dialects,
4749:), while the soft sounds lack a
2473:Approximate western European equivalent
398:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
14:
22821:
17557:
17380:
17164:
17142:Handbuch der althebräischen Epigraphik
12371:transliteration that differs from the
2330:, the first chapter has the now-usual
1763:) serving as vowel letters, or
982:), known variously by scholars as the
514:
22414:
22314:American Printing House for the Blind
22090:International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
21742:Devanagari (Hindi / Marathi / Nepali)
21158:
20948:
20903:
20796:
20475:
20360:
19702:
18916:
18678:
18661:
18551:
17763:
17747:Prize Find: Oldest Hebrew Inscription
17619:
17578:
17371:, p. 3 Academy of the Hebrew Language
17226:Sefer Yetzirah: The Book of Creation.
17200:
17188:
16910:
16895:
16686: (two separate vavs), used in
10628:
6395:) was originally different from both
5799:Usually when in medial word position:
5779:
5315:Transliteration of non-native sounds
1101:". As with other abjads, such as the
1074:Various "styles" (in current terms, "
20797:
17657:New York: New York University Press.
17128:http://www.jstor.org/stable/23619530
17111:http://www.jstor.org/stable/25066976
15868:), but only to transliterate
10070:By adding two vertical dots (called
6451:voiceless alveolar lateral affricate
6437:voiceless alveolar lateral fricative
4976:without dagesh is pronounced , like
4660:voiceless alveolar lateral fricative
4532:are represented by the same letter,
357:. For the distinction between ,
21184:
17789:
17429:
17331:. There is a single occurrence of "
17326:
17315:
16563:
16550:
16490:
16484:
16478:
16330:
16132:
16005:
15993:
15981:
15959:
15943:
15934:
15798:
15792:
15786:
14510:
14468:
14418:
14326:
14284:
14232:
14180:
14140:
14100:
14010:
13907:
13860:
13820:
13780:
13740:
13671:
13631:
13551:
13502:
13445:
13398:
13306:
13254:
13214:
13157:
13117:
13075:
13026:
12981:
12921:
12869:
12814:
12774:
12734:
12690:
12621:
12561:
12427:
12326:Transliterations and transcriptions
11923:, and often in religious contexts.
11908:– "phase a, phase b"), commonly in
11904:
11898:
11846:
10268:
9298:
6347:represented the emphatic consonant
5718:pronounced as a string of letters;
5687:
5681:
5673:
5655:
5530:
5521:
5473:
5403:
5395:
1890:
970:
24:
20904:
17109:, no. 344, 2006, pp. 5–46. JSTOR,
16984:
16801:(2). Informa UK Limited: 190–214.
16690:, is to be distinguished from the
16458:Significance of numbers of Judaism
16273:
16261:notation is used for the iterated
16206:
16149:
11797:
10038:By adding a vertical line (called
4757:only changes the pronunciation of
1044:and which itself derives from the
1004:script used in the writing of the
25:
22875:
17700:
17239:"The Hebrew Alphabet (Aleph-Bet)"
16488:, as opposed to with the hyphen,
16218:{\displaystyle \aleph _{\alpha }}
15975:in its regular, not final, form "
12415:, differs slightly from the 2006
12389:standard Israeli transliteration.
10143:
9917:isolated vowel written on its own
9899:isolated vowel written on its own
6472:The following table contains the
6468:Regional and historical variation
5412:Also used for English voiced "th"
4753:. In modern Hebrew, however, the
3820:. When ʕ, no English equivalent.
17685:A History of the Hebrew Language
17536:
16349:An example of a Hebrew keyboard.
16251:{\displaystyle \beth _{\alpha }}
16018:
11787:
11780:
11770:
11763:
11745:
11738:
11728:
11721:
11703:
11696:
11686:
11679:
11661:
11654:
11644:
11637:
11619:
11612:
11594:
11588:
11581:
11571:
11564:
11546:
11539:
11521:
11514:
11504:
11497:
11479:
11472:
11462:
11455:
11437:
11430:
11420:
11413:
11395:
11388:
11370:
11363:
11353:
11346:
11328:
11321:
11303:
11296:
11286:
11279:
11261:
11254:
11244:
11237:
11219:
11212:
11194:
11187:
11177:
11170:
11152:
11145:
11135:
11128:
11110:
11103:
11093:
11086:
11068:
11061:
11051:
11044:
11026:
11019:
11009:
11002:
10984:
10977:
10967:
10960:
10942:
10935:
10925:
10918:
10900:
10893:
10883:
10876:
10858:
10851:
10841:
10834:
10816:
10809:
10799:
10792:
10774:
10767:
10757:
10750:
10240:
10207:
10174:
10126:
9947:
9854:
9803:
9765:
9727:
9671:
9633:
6214:
2355:
2275:inscription from Kuntillet Ajrud
378:
57:
22834:1st-millennium BC introductions
20949:
17694:History of the Hebrew Language.
17668:. Ignatius Press. p. 280.
17638:. Eerdmans Publishing Company.
17564:. Westminster John Knox Press.
17530:
17503:
17494:
17485:
17476:
17413:
17407:"Hebrew lessons for Christians"
17399:
17374:
17256:
17231:
17218:
17133:
17116:
17099:
16978:
16967:
16748:
16667:", which always denotes
16072:Another book, the 13th-century
12302: respectively. Adding a
9571:
6482:International Phonetic Alphabet
4733:each had two sounds: one hard (
4514:
428:
400: instead of Hebrew letters.
349:International Phonetic Alphabet
27:Alphabet of the Hebrew language
18643:Languages by writing system /
17683:Saénz-Badillos, Angel (1993).
17272:Phonologies of Asia and Africa
16949:
16931:
16904:
16889:
16848:
16838:
16829:
16767:
16327:is used in cardinal notation.
12365:Academy of the Hebrew Language
10647:History of the Hebrew alphabet
10577:is usually promoted to a long
10558:is usually promoted to a long
10522:the vowel is made very short.
4995:without dagesh is pronounced .
4536:, but are two separate
1363:
1240:History of the Hebrew alphabet
1040:, which flourished during the
83:2nd–1st century BCE to present
13:
1:
22854:Right-to-left writing systems
22082:Gardner–Salinas braille codes
22038:Gardner–Salinas braille codes
20476:
20361:
19703:
17579:First, Mitchell (June 2014).
17284:: CS1 maint: date and year (
16761:
15753:
15745:
15090:
14550:
14542:
14401:
13982:
13380:
13365:
12318: represents 5000, and
10508:By adding two vertical dots (
9979:– with or without the letter
9955:vowel written below consonant
9862:vowel written above consonant
9811:vowel written below consonant
9773:vowel written below consonant
9735:vowel written below consonant
9679:vowel written below consonant
9641:vowel written below consonant
4685:Historically, the consonants
2360:
1835:books intended for study, in
1288:
905:
888:
875:
743:
536:
495:
333:Alphabetic Presentation Forms
22688:
22677:
22666:
22655:
22644:
22633:
22622:
22611:
22600:
22589:
22578:
22567:
22556:
22545:
22534:
22523:
22512:
22501:
22490:
22479:
22468:
22457:
22293:National Braille Association
22272:Braille Institute of America
21990:Two-cell Chinese (Shuangpin)
18917:
17728:
17705:
17460:"Transliteration guidelines"
17243:www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org
16880:in the Assyrian writing only
16858:21b–22a); Jerusalem Talmud (
16807:10.1080/17586801.2013.868334
16385:Numeric Character References
16321:cardinality of the continuum
16191:{\displaystyle \mathbb {Z} }
11858:and some other older texts,
11831:
11812:
10588:
10501:
10466:
10431:
10392:
10353:
10314:
10277:
9550:
9518:
9504:
9470:
9439:
9412:
6198:Ancient Hebrew pronunciation
6156:
6143:
6131:
6097:
6084:
6071:
6060:
6057:
6032:
6021:
6018:
5989:
5978:
5975:
5951:
5940:
5937:
5905:
5894:
5891:
5862:
5843:
5840:
5820:
5797:
5626:
5598:
5589:
5498:
5483:
5480:
5429:
5426:
5361:
5346:
5343:
5252:
5247:
5213:
5210:
5174:
5171:
5135:
5132:
4938:
4920:
4895:
4875:
4850:
4832:
4654:
1097:, but is now considered an "
342: This article contains
7:
22173:Refreshable braille display
22152:Optical braille recognition
21749:Bengali (Bangla / Assamese)
21281:Chinese (mainland Mandarin)
20424:New Epoch Notation Painting
17756:Biblical Archaeology Review
17335:", see this comment.
17263:Rendsburg, Gary A. (1997).
16471:
16454:("spelling lacking niqqud")
16405:
16367:combining diacritical marks
16285:{\displaystyle \aleph _{0}}
16161:{\displaystyle \aleph _{0}}
12340:Biblical Hebrew orthography
9293:
5811:(separation of vowels in a
5663:
5645:
5630:
5502:
5448:
5385:
5365:
5107:Hebrew slang and loanwords
2348:
2338:
2332:
2322:can be clearly seen in the
2318:
2309:
2303:
2297:
2291:
2285:
2279:
1868:
1849:
1036:. It is an offshoot of the
978:
512:
10:
22880:
22240:Thakur Vishva Narain Singh
18679:
17825:Transliteration to English
17561:Lamentations: A Commentary
17426:, Paris: Editions du CNRS.
17270:. In Kaye, Alan S. (ed.).
17265:"Ancient Hebrew Phonology"
17000:Chris A. Rollston (2010).
16961:December 25, 2010, at the
16898:Ancient Israelite Religion
16334:
16312:{\displaystyle \beth _{1}}
16231:Less frequently used, the
14611:
14596:
14580:
14564:
12520:
12500:
12479:
12458:
12438:
12329:
11884:
10632:
10592:
10063:
10031:
9302:
5036:
4678:
4672:
4518:
4497:voiceless dental fricative
2364:
1911:
1804:) or without (e.g.
1718:written from right to left
1703:
1313:began using a form of the
1264:and whether the script is
1237:
1192:
1091:written from right to left
29:
22771:
22449:
22372:
22323:
22263:
22196:
22106:
22052:
22015:
21976:Mainland Chinese Mandarin
21955:
21936:
21917:
21822:
21728:
21689:
21616:
21543:
21242:
21235:
21196:
21154:
20957:
20944:
20912:
20899:
20850:
20809:
20805:
20792:
20768:
20732:
20706:
20655:
20612:
20577:
20497:
20490:Chinese family of scripts
20488:
20484:
20471:
20369:
20356:
20307:
19715:
19711:
19698:
19560:Boyd's syllabic shorthand
19547:
19195:
18938:
18929:
18925:
18912:
18687:
18674:
18670:
18662:
18657:
18645:by first written accounts
18614:
18593:
18589:
18499:
18434:
18379:
18344:
18287:
18244:
18144:
18021:
17975:
17959:
17952:
17880:
17842:
17797:
17424:Ecriture et civilisations
17332:
17320:
17306:
16694:
16683:
16664:
16660:
16637:
16629:
16621:
16601:
16593:
16585:
16520: can only be read
16517:
16513:
16509:
15976:
15971:is always represented by
15882:
15878:
15865:
15861:
15857:
15853:
15849:
15845:
15841:
15823:
15807:
15776:
15772:
15768:
15747:
15741:
15739:
15733:
15727:
15707:
15680:
15628:
15626:
15623:
15617:
15615:
15597:
15569:
15542:
15523:
15504:
15465:
15460:
15447:
15445:
15402:
15395:
15382:
15380:
15363:
15344:
15325:
15306:
15262:
15243:
15188:
15162:
15131:
15111:
15057:
15054:
15048:
15046:
15020:
15001:
14965:
14946:
14921:
14893:
14869:
14856:
14850:
14848:
14842:
14836:
14808:
14795:
14789:
14787:
14781:
14775:
14756:
14737:
14709:
14669:
14630:
14544:
14538:
14536:
14534:
14532:
14529:
14523:
14520:
14515:
14508:
14502:
14460:
14410:
14348:
14346:
14344:
14342:
14339:
14336:
14331:
14324:
14318:
14316:
14276:
14224:
14172:
14132:
14092:
14037:
14032:
14025:
14020:
14015:
14008:
13995:
13993:
13935:
13930:
13927:
13920:
13912:
13905:
13892:
13890:
13852:
13812:
13772:
13732:
13663:
13623:
13534:
13487:
13432:
13390:
13325:
13322:
13319:
13316:
13311:
13304:
13298:
13296:
13246:
13206:
13149:
13109:
13062:
13013:
12968:
12955:
12949:
12947:
12945:
12943:
12940:
12934:
12931:
12926:
12919:
12913:
12861:
12848:
12842:
12840:
12838:
12836:
12833:
12827:
12824:
12819:
12812:
12806:
12766:
12726:
12677:
12604:
12544:
12420:
12319:
12315:
12311:
12307:
12299:
12295:
12291:
12287:
12283:
12267:
12254:
12239:
12226:
12211:
12198:
12183:
12170:
12155:
12142:
12127:
12114:
12101:
12086:
12073:
12060:
12045:
12032:
12019:
12004:
11991:
11978:
11919:) in a practice known as
11881:Numeric values of letters
11862:consonants and sometimes
11832:
11824:
11813:
11587:
11580:
11577:
11520:
11513:
11510:
11369:
11362:
11359:
11302:
11295:
11292:
11193:
11186:
11183:
10682:
10679:
10676:
10671:
10660:
10622:
10610:
10600:
10572:
10567:
10553:
10548:
10531:
10526:
10516:
10507:
10502:
10474:
10468:
10439:
10433:
10406:
10400:
10394:
10367:
10361:
10355:
10328:
10322:
10316:
10297:
10292:
10287:
10278:
10096:
10093:
10090:
10016:
9932:
9929:
9920:
9910:
9892:
9877:
9874:
9865:
9603:
9600:
9597:
9594:
9553:
9537:
9530:
9525:
9520:
9519:
9506:
9492:
9482:
9477:
9472:
9471:
9441:
9414:
9357:
9353:
9349:
9345:
9333:
9325:
9317:
9309:
9254:
9192:
9181:
9124:
9102:
9097:
9086:
9002:
8991:
8907:
8896:
8795:
8784:
8680:
8669:
8607:
8596:
8512:
8501:
8417:
8406:
8358:
8347:
8338:
8254:
8243:
8159:
8148:
8064:
8053:
7976:
7965:
7888:
7877:
7793:
7784:
7724:
7712:
7628:
7617:
7559:
7548:
7478:
7467:
7390:
7381:
7342:
7333:
7294:
7283:
7206:
7195:
7153:
7142:
7087:
7076:
7022:
7011:
7006:
6995:
6940:
6929:
6868:
6857:
6852:
6841:
6771:
6760:
6676:
6665:
6656:
6616:
6593:
6590:
6585:
6580:
6575:
6570:
6563:
6560:
6535:
6529:
6523:
6510:
6504:
6498:
6416:
6404:
6396:
6388:
6376:
6352:
6340:
6325:
6303:
6295:
6276:
6165:
6145:
6133:
6106:
6086:
6073:
6046:
6044:
6034:
6008:
6006:
5991:
5965:
5963:
5953:
5920:
5918:
5907:
5881:
5879:
5864:
5781:
5768:
5755:
5694:
5637:
5611:
5600:
5566:
5546:
5528:
5509:
5484:
5455:
5430:
5416:
5372:
5347:
5335:
5314:
5292:
5261:
5254:
5240:
5214:
5203:
5175:
5164:
5136:
5127:
5106:
5092:
5080:
5076:
5072:
4939:
4921:
4896:
4877:
4851:
4833:
4792:
4789:
4786:
4774:
4766:
4758:
4746:
4726:
4718:
4710:
4702:
4694:
4686:
4668:
4614:
4584:
4533:
4500:
4492:
4454:
4439:
4399:
4394:
4388:
4374:
4337:
4322:
4285:
4279:
4265:
4234:
4214:
4173:
4153:
4121:
4115:
4103:
4074:
4068:
4059:
4054:
4013:
3998:
3957:
3942:
3901:
3886:
3845:
3839:
3825:
3774:
3738:
3700:
3678:
3650:
3644:
3632:
3607:
3601:
3592:
3587:
3559:
3553:
3541:
3516:
3510:
3501:
3496:
3459:
3439:
3402:
3379:
3342:
3327:
3290:
3275:
3238:
3232:
3218:
3177:
3157:
3120:
3100:
3063:
3050:
3007:
2987:
2950:
2930:
2889:
2869:
2842:
2827:
2796:
2787:
2782:
2776:
2762:
2735:
2727:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2684:
2670:
2629:
2614:
2573:
2567:
2553:
2507:
2479:
2400:
2393:
2388:
2367:Biblical Hebrew phonology
2247:
2241:
2235:
2229:
2221:
2220:
2215:
2214:
2209:
2208:
2203:
2202:
2197:
2191:
2185:
2184:
2179:
2178:
2173:
2167:
2161:
2160:
2068:
2060:
2054:
2053:
2048:
2047:
2042:
2041:
2036:
2035:
2030:
2029:
2024:
2023:
2018:
2017:
2012:
2011:
2006:
2005:
2000:
1999:
1829:Aaron ben Moses ben Asher
1820:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1760:
1752:
1744:
1736:
1723:
1536:
1529:
1523:
1517:
1511:
1505:
1499:
1493:
1487:
1481:
1475:
1469:
1463:
1457:
1451:
1445:
1439:
1433:
1427:
1421:
1415:
1409:
1403:
1397:
1391:
1385:
1379:
1373:
1315:Imperial Aramaic alphabet
1139:
1132:
1125:
1118:
1038:Imperial Aramaic alphabet
340:
311:
301:
294:
278:
273:
217:
194:
154:
149:
115:
105:
87:
77:
65:
56:
50:
22844:Assyrian (Ashuri) script
21963:Chinese semi-syllabaries
21226:Unicode braille patterns
21212:International uniformity
19667:Thomas Natural Shorthand
18508:Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar
17722:Unicode collation charts
17636:The Book of Lamentations
17620:First, Mitchell (2017).
17597:10.1177/0309089214536490
17546:Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar
17327:תנ״ך מנוקד, דברים פרק ז׳
17213:Pitre & Bergsma 2018
16795:Writing Systems Research
16463:
12322: represents 778.
10274:Vowel comparison table
10059:
10027:
5726:are also used to denote
2256:
2144:
2114:
2091:
1955:
1946:
1923:
1827:, eventually prevailed.
1277:Proto-Canaanite alphabet
1275:A Hebrew variant of the
1183:Proto-Canaanite alphabet
209:Square Maalouli alphabet
22443:Northwest Semitic abjad
22300:Blindness organizations
22279:Braille Without Borders
22068:Canadian currency marks
21690:Egyptian lineage family
20873:Southwest Paleohispanic
17653:Hoffman, Joel M. 2004.
17130:. Accessed 17 May 2024.
17113:. Accessed 17 May 2024.
16911:Smith, Mark S. (2002).
16780:Encyclopedia Britannica
16718:spelling without niqqud
16323:. Very occasionally, a
16003:) and some slang (e.g.
15991:), foreign names (e.g.
11930:The lower clock on the
11819:These are intended for
11759:
11756:
11717:
11714:
11675:
11672:
11633:
11630:
11608:
11605:
11560:
11557:
11535:
11532:
11493:
11490:
11451:
11448:
11409:
11406:
11384:
11381:
11342:
11339:
11317:
11314:
11275:
11272:
11233:
11230:
11208:
11205:
11166:
11163:
11124:
11121:
11082:
11079:
11040:
11037:
10998:
10995:
10956:
10953:
10914:
10911:
10872:
10869:
10830:
10827:
10788:
10785:
10746:
10743:
6366:. All these are common
5738:Identical pronunciation
5577:only dialectically but
5043:Hebraization of English
4505:voiced dental fricative
2371:Modern Hebrew phonology
1663:Hebraization of English
411:History of the alphabet
345:phonetic transcriptions
22849:Language and mysticism
21617:Russian lineage family
21017:Great Lakes Algonquian
19926:Greco-Iberian alphabet
19859:Gabelsberger shorthand
18802:Inscriptional Parthian
17558:Berlin, Adele (2004).
17381:Laufer, Asher (2008).
17074:(character code chart)
17041:, p. 61–62.
16943:March 2, 2011, at the
16743:Explanatory footnotes
16350:
16313:
16286:
16252:
16219:
16192:
16162:
16113:
16069:
12363:For some letters, the
12332:Romanization of Hebrew
11939:
11892:denoting dates in the
10617:in the reading of the
1658:Romanization of Hebrew
1354:Judeo-Arabic languages
1235:
1209:
1000:, is traditionally an
803:Great Lakes Algonquian
386:This article contains
39:. For the insect, see
22864:Abjad writing systems
22381:Accessible publishing
22307:Schools for the blind
22286:Japan Braille Library
22075:Computer Braille Code
21729:Indian lineage family
21109:Old Persian cuneiform
19976:Carolingian minuscule
18782:Ancient North Arabian
16732:containing the sound
16348:
16314:
16292:. The second element
16287:
16253:
16220:
16193:
16163:
16106:
16064:
16025:rabbinical literature
15963:"), in modern Hebrew
11929:
10633:Further information:
9971:The pronunciation of
9281:sometimes said to be
6442:(the sound of modern
5714:) are used to denote
4519:Further information:
4499:), and dotless dalet
1329:that was used by the
1281:paleo-Hebrew alphabet
1215:
1200:
1145:can also function as
1053:paleo-Hebrew alphabet
487:Ancient South Arabian
290:, Hebrew
167:Proto-Sinaitic script
33:Paleo-Hebrew alphabet
22145:Mountbatten Brailler
21500:(largely reassigned)
21283:(largely reassigned)
20832:Southeastern Iberian
20827:Northeastern Iberian
18725:Egyptian hieroglyphs
18529:Strong's Concordance
17820:Ancient inscriptions
17316:דברים פרק ז׳ פסוק א׳
17078:The Unicode Standard
16296:
16269:
16235:
16202:
16180:
16145:
15775:, and silent
15199:/ei/ diphthong)
13545:/ei/ diphthong)
10951:Vav (Unicode) / Waw
10605: is called a
5762:Pronunciation (IPA)
5344:Dalet with a geresh
5211:Tsadi with a geresh
5172:Zayin with a geresh
5133:Gimel with a geresh
2324:Book of Lamentations
1250:Semitic inscriptions
422:Egyptian hieroglyphs
162:Egyptian hieroglyphs
92:Right-to-left script
22097:Nemeth braille code
21883:(reassigned vowels)
21408:(extended to 8-dot)
20982:Canadian Aboriginal
20868:Khitan small script
20590:Khitan large script
19780:Coorgi–Cox alphabet
18522:Brown–Driver–Briggs
17712:How to draw letters
17522:The Book of Letters
17051:Saénz-Badillos 1993
17039:Saénz-Badillos 1993
17027:Saénz-Badillos 1993
16854:Babylonian Talmud (
16086:repair the universe
15389:in initial or final
13899:in initial or final
12348:Yiddish orthography
10275:
6140:Tsadi (with geresh)
5596:Resh with a geresh
5481:Chet with a geresh
5419: is written.
5287:ánta (boastful act)
4260:r as in French "r"
1777:and to some extent
1712:consisting only of
1534: •
1187:Canaanite languages
1179:Phoenician alphabet
1155:towards the use of
1046:Phoenician alphabet
1032:, especially among
649:Canadian Aboriginal
172:Phoenician alphabet
22131:Braille translator
22108:Braille technology
22084:(science; GS8/GS6)
22053:Symbols in braille
21983:Taiwanese Mandarin
21498:Taiwanese Mandarin
21104:Nwagu Aneke script
20656:Other logosyllabic
20578:Chinese-influenced
20517:Oracle bone script
20499:Chinese characters
20434:Ojibwe Hieroglyphs
19824:Eclectic shorthand
19812:Duployan shorthand
19765:Caucasian Albanian
19565:Canadian syllabics
18601:History of writing
18371:Law of attenuation
17881:Reading traditions
17752:2012-02-29 at the
17692:Steinberg, David.
17367:2011-11-16 at the
17274:. pp. 70, 73.
16989:. Winona Lake: 43.
16427:Hebrew punctuation
16377:cantillation marks
16351:
16309:
16282:
16248:
16215:
16188:
16158:
16127:Yisrael Meir Kagan
16070:
15197:(/e/ vowel or
15195:part of tsere male
15169:part of hirik male
13543:(/e/ vowel or
13541:part of tsere male
13494:part of hirik male
11940:
10629:Stylistic variants
10273:
6594:Arabic equivalent
6435:, most likely the
6334:emphatic consonant
5590:Ayin with a geresh
5427:Tav with a geresh
1877:that have special
1841:cantillation marks
1339:Samaritan alphabet
1285:Siloam inscription
1236:
1222:, a tenth century
1210:
1057:Samaritan alphabet
873:Caucasian Albanian
22816:
22815:
22766:
22765:
22408:
22407:
22404:
22403:
22326:tactile alphabets
22254:William Bell Wait
22247:Sabriye Tenberken
22048:
22047:
21913:
21912:
21898:(Japanese vowels)
21696:-mediated scripts
21623:-mediated scripts
21150:
21149:
21146:
21145:
21142:
21141:
21002:Ditema tsa Dinoko
20940:
20939:
20895:
20894:
20891:
20890:
20788:
20787:
20784:
20783:
20608:
20607:
20467:
20466:
20352:
20351:
20348:
20347:
19694:
19693:
19690:
19689:
19543:
19542:
18908:
18907:
18895:Teeline Shorthand
18653:
18652:
18545:
18544:
18401:Verbal morphology
18340:
18339:
17858:
17675:978-1-58617-722-5
17392:978-965-493-401-5
17151:978-3-534-26789-7
17013:978-1-58983-107-0
16924:978-0-8028-3972-5
16561:(= "physicist"),
16452:Ktiv hasar niqqud
16417:Hebrew diacritics
16101:Babylonian Talmud
16065:The four-pronged
15806:", ), the letter
15796:("mother", ) and
15758:
15757:
15667:
15656:
15640:
15488:
15458:
15431:
15415:
15400:
15393:
15284:
15234:
15219:
15201:
15173:
15140:
15095:
15070:
14988:
14930:
14909:
14902:
14878:
14725:
14718:
14682:
14650:
14643:
14624:
14609:
14594:
14578:
14562:
14555:
14554:
14518:
14476:
14426:
14404:
14392:
14381:
14372:
14360:
14334:
14292:
14240:
14188:
14148:
14108:
14069:
14018:
14006:
13972:
13954:
13925:
13918:
13903:
13868:
13828:
13788:
13748:
13703:
13679:
13639:
13617:
13609:
13594:
13583:
13559:
13547:
13510:
13498:
13453:
13441:
13406:
13370:
13338:
13314:
13262:
13222:
13191:
13165:
13125:
13083:
13071:
13041:
13034:
13022:
12989:
12977:
12929:
12877:
12822:
12782:
12742:
12705:
12698:
12686:
12629:
12617:
12576:
12569:
12557:
12538:
12533:
12518:
12513:
12498:
12493:
12477:
12472:
12456:
12451:
12446:
12413:Handbook of Style
12280:
12279:
11972:
11967:
11962:
11957:
11952:
11947:
11878:
11877:
11795:
11794:
10736:
10729:
10722:
10715:
10708:
10701:
10693:
10615:cantillation mark
10586:
10585:
10285:
10266:
10265:
10024:
9960:
9959:
9699:
9601:Written Position
9567:
9566:
9409:
9402:
9401:vowel designation
9395:
9388:
9377:
9370:
9344:). When they do,
9342:/ʔ/,/ʕ/,/v/and/j/
9264:
9263:
8661:
8650:
7613:
7606:
7595:
6433:lateral consonant
6429:Semitic languages
6411:, but had become
6194:
6190:
6189:
6161:
6102:
5858:
5836:
5823:
5816:
5800:
5701:
5700:
5299:
5298:
5268:
5248:Vav with a geresh
4958:
4957:
4737:), and one soft (
4642:
4641:
4489:
4488:
2474:
2467:
2461:
2453:
2444:
2431:
2422:
2417:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2391:
2379:Yiddish phonology
2254:
2253:
1903:Mandaic alphabets
1701:
1700:
1319:Achaemenid Empire
1042:Achaemenid Empire
959:
958:
499: 5th c. BCE
394:rendering support
374:
373:
16:(Redirected from
22871:
22693:
22682:
22671:
22660:
22649:
22638:
22627:
22616:
22605:
22594:
22583:
22572:
22561:
22550:
22539:
22528:
22517:
22506:
22495:
22484:
22473:
22462:
22452:
22451:
22435:
22428:
22421:
22412:
22411:
22397:
22390:
22388:Braille literacy
22383:
22365:
22358:
22351:
22344:
22337:
22316:
22309:
22302:
22295:
22288:
22281:
22274:
22256:
22249:
22242:
22235:
22228:
22221:
22214:
22207:
22189:
22182:
22180:Slate and stylus
22175:
22168:
22166:Perkins Brailler
22161:
22154:
22147:
22140:
22133:
22126:
22124:Braille embosser
22119:
22099:
22092:
22085:
22077:
22070:
22063:
22041:
22033:
22026:
22008:
22001:
21992:
21985:
21978:
21971:
21964:
21948:
21945:American Braille
21929:
21926:Algerian Braille
21906:
21899:
21891:
21884:
21876:
21869:
21862:
21855:
21847:
21840:
21833:
21815:
21807:
21800:
21793:
21786:
21779:
21772:
21765:
21758:
21751:
21744:
21721:
21713:
21706:
21682:
21675:
21668:
21661:
21654:
21647:
21640:
21633:
21607:
21602:
21597:
21590:
21585:
21580:
21575:
21568:
21561:
21554:
21541:
21540:
21536:
21529:
21522:
21515:
21508:
21501:
21493:
21486:
21479:
21472:
21465:
21458:
21451:
21444:
21437:
21430:
21423:
21416:
21409:
21401:
21394:
21387:
21380:
21373:
21366:
21359:
21352:
21345:
21338:
21331:
21324:
21317:
21310:
21298:
21291:
21284:
21276:
21269:
21262:
21255:
21240:
21239:
21228:
21221:
21214:
21207:
21190:
21179:
21172:
21165:
21156:
21155:
20946:
20945:
20901:
20900:
20807:
20806:
20799:Semi-syllabaries
20794:
20793:
20495:
20494:
20486:
20485:
20473:
20472:
20358:
20357:
19713:
19712:
19700:
19699:
19602:Japanese Braille
19187:Zanabazar square
19056:Nepalese scripts
18946:Bengali–Assamese
18936:
18935:
18927:
18926:
18914:
18913:
18831:Pitman shorthand
18676:
18675:
18672:
18671:
18659:
18658:
18591:
18590:
18572:
18565:
18558:
18549:
18548:
18491:Unicode and HTML
17957:
17956:
17945:
17937:
17929:
17910:
17855:northern dialect
17852:
17784:
17777:
17770:
17761:
17760:
17688:
17679:
17649:
17627:
17616:
17575:
17551:
17543:
17540:
17539:
17525:
17519:
17510:
17509:Zohar 1:3; 2:152
17507:
17501:
17498:
17492:
17489:
17483:
17480:
17474:
17473:
17471:
17464:
17456:
17441:
17440:
17433:
17427:
17417:
17411:
17410:
17403:
17397:
17396:
17378:
17372:
17359:
17336:
17334:
17329:
17328:
17322:
17318:
17317:
17308:
17303:
17290:
17289:
17283:
17275:
17269:
17260:
17254:
17253:
17251:
17249:
17235:
17229:
17222:
17216:
17210:
17204:
17198:
17192:
17186:
17180:
17174:
17168:
17162:
17156:
17155:
17137:
17131:
17120:
17114:
17103:
17097:
17091:
17082:
17081:
17075:
17067:
17054:
17048:
17042:
17036:
17030:
17024:
17018:
17017:
16997:
16991:
16990:
16982:
16976:
16971:
16965:
16953:
16947:
16935:
16929:
16928:
16908:
16902:
16900:
16893:
16887:
16852:
16846:
16842:
16836:
16833:
16827:
16826:
16790:
16784:
16771:
16755:
16752:
16739:
16720:, to denote the
16715:
16707:
16696:
16692:Yiddish ligature
16685:
16674:
16666:
16662:
16658:
16643:
16639:
16635:
16631:
16627:
16623:
16607:
16603:
16599:
16595:
16591:
16587:
16573:
16569:
16566:
16565:
16560:
16556:
16553:
16552:
16519:
16515:
16511:
16493:
16492:
16487:
16486:
16481:
16480:
16474:
16331:Unicode and HTML
16318:
16316:
16315:
16310:
16308:
16307:
16291:
16289:
16288:
16283:
16281:
16280:
16257:
16255:
16254:
16249:
16247:
16246:
16224:
16222:
16221:
16216:
16214:
16213:
16197:
16195:
16194:
16189:
16187:
16167:
16165:
16164:
16159:
16157:
16156:
16133:Mathematical use
16117:
16048:Book of Creation
16029:Jerusalem Talmud
16011:
16008:
16007:
15999:
15996:
15995:
15987:
15984:
15983:
15978:
15970:
15962:
15961:
15955:Book of Proverbs
15949:
15946:
15945:
15940:
15937:
15936:
15927:
15916:
15908:
15900:
15892:
15884:
15880:
15872:other languages
15867:
15863:
15859:
15855:
15851:
15847:
15843:
15825:
15817:
15809:
15801:
15800:
15795:
15794:
15789:
15788:
15778:
15774:
15770:
15751:
15749:
15731:
15729:
15711:
15709:
15699:
15684:
15682:
15674:
15665:
15664:
15652:
15647:
15638:
15637:
15621:
15619:
15601:
15599:
15589:
15573:
15571:
15561:
15546:
15544:
15527:
15525:
15508:
15506:
15496:
15484:
15477:
15452:
15451:
15449:
15439:
15427:
15422:
15410:
15396:
15387:
15386:
15384:
15367:
15365:
15348:
15346:
15329:
15327:
15310:
15308:
15300:
15291:
15282:
15281:
15266:
15264:
15247:
15245:
15237:
15232:
15231:
15222:
15217:
15216:
15193:
15192:
15190:
15171:(/i/ vowel)
15167:
15166:
15164:
15154:
15136:
15135:
15133:
15115:
15113:
15103:
15091:
15086:
15077:
15068:
15067:
15052:
15050:
15040:
15024:
15022:
15005:
15003:
14995:
14986:
14985:
14969:
14967:
14950:
14948:
14926:
14925:
14923:
14905:
14898:
14897:
14895:
14874:
14873:
14871:
14860:
14858:
14840:
14838:
14828:
14812:
14810:
14799:
14797:
14779:
14777:
14760:
14758:
14741:
14739:
14721:
14714:
14713:
14711:
14701:
14678:non-initial word
14674:
14673:
14671:
14663:
14646:
14635:
14634:
14632:
14614:
14599:
14583:
14567:
14560:
14557:
14556:
14548:
14546:
14516:
14513:
14512:
14506:
14504:
14474:
14471:
14470:
14464:
14462:
14452:
14447:
14424:
14421:
14420:
14414:
14412:
14402:
14399:
14390:
14389:
14377:
14370:
14367:
14358:
14357:
14332:
14329:
14328:
14322:
14320:
14290:
14287:
14286:
14280:
14278:
14266:
14261:
14238:
14235:
14234:
14228:
14226:
14214:
14209:
14186:
14183:
14182:
14176:
14174:
14146:
14143:
14142:
14136:
14134:
14106:
14103:
14102:
14096:
14094:
14082:
14077:
14065:
14056:
14051:
14016:
14013:
14012:
14000:
13999:
13997:
13985:
13980:
13968:
13961:
13949:
13921:
13913:
13910:
13909:
13897:
13896:
13894:
13866:
13863:
13862:
13856:
13854:
13826:
13823:
13822:
13816:
13814:
13786:
13783:
13782:
13776:
13774:
13746:
13743:
13742:
13736:
13734:
13724:
13715:
13710:
13701:
13700:
13677:
13674:
13673:
13667:
13665:
13637:
13634:
13633:
13627:
13625:
13615:
13612:
13607:
13606:
13597:
13592:
13591:
13586:
13581:
13580:
13557:
13554:
13553:
13539:
13538:
13536:
13508:
13505:
13504:
13496:(/i/ vowel)
13492:
13491:
13489:
13477:
13472:
13451:
13448:
13447:
13437:
13436:
13434:
13404:
13401:
13400:
13394:
13392:
13378:
13366:
13359:
13350:
13345:
13336:
13335:
13312:
13309:
13308:
13302:
13300:
13288:
13283:
13260:
13257:
13256:
13250:
13248:
13220:
13217:
13216:
13210:
13208:
13198:
13189:
13188:
13163:
13160:
13159:
13153:
13151:
13123:
13120:
13119:
13113:
13111:
13081:
13078:
13077:
13067:
13066:
13064:
13037:
13032:
13029:
13028:
13018:
13017:
13015:
12987:
12984:
12983:
12973:
12972:
12970:
12959:
12957:
12927:
12924:
12923:
12917:
12915:
12903:
12898:
12875:
12872:
12871:
12865:
12863:
12852:
12850:
12820:
12817:
12816:
12810:
12808:
12780:
12777:
12776:
12770:
12768:
12740:
12737:
12736:
12730:
12728:
12701:
12696:
12693:
12692:
12682:
12681:
12679:
12667:
12662:
12627:
12624:
12623:
12613:non-initial word
12609:
12608:
12606:
12596:
12572:
12567:
12564:
12563:
12549:
12548:
12546:
12536:
12523:
12516:
12503:
12496:
12482:
12475:
12461:
12454:
12449:
12444:
12436:
12435:
12432:
12431:
12424:
12359:Clarifications:
12321:
12317:
12313:
12309:
12301:
12297:
12293:
12289:
12285:
12271:
12258:
12243:
12230:
12215:
12202:
12187:
12174:
12159:
12146:
12131:
12118:
12105:
12090:
12077:
12064:
12049:
12036:
12023:
12008:
11995:
11982:
11970:
11965:
11960:
11955:
11950:
11945:
11942:
11941:
11932:Jewish Town Hall
11907:
11906:
11901:
11900:
11864:matres lectionis
11849:
11848:
11834:
11826:
11815:
11802:
11801:
11791:
11784:
11774:
11767:
11749:
11742:
11732:
11725:
11707:
11700:
11690:
11683:
11665:
11658:
11648:
11641:
11623:
11616:
11598:
11592:
11585:
11575:
11568:
11550:
11543:
11525:
11518:
11508:
11501:
11483:
11476:
11466:
11459:
11441:
11434:
11424:
11417:
11399:
11392:
11374:
11367:
11357:
11350:
11332:
11325:
11307:
11300:
11290:
11283:
11265:
11258:
11248:
11241:
11223:
11216:
11198:
11191:
11181:
11174:
11156:
11149:
11139:
11132:
11114:
11107:
11097:
11090:
11072:
11065:
11055:
11048:
11030:
11023:
11013:
11006:
10988:
10981:
10971:
10964:
10946:
10939:
10929:
10922:
10904:
10897:
10887:
10880:
10862:
10855:
10845:
10838:
10820:
10813:
10803:
10796:
10778:
10771:
10761:
10754:
10732:
10725:
10718:
10711:
10704:
10696:
10688:
10658:
10657:
10624:
10612:
10604:
10520:
10518:
10488:
10476:
10470:
10453:
10441:
10435:
10418:
10408:
10402:
10396:
10379:
10369:
10363:
10357:
10340:
10330:
10324:
10318:
10283:
10276:
10272:
10269:Comparison table
10253:
10244:
10220:
10211:
10187:
10178:
10147:
10139:
10130:
10088:
10087:
10048:is only used in
10018:
9962:
9951:
9927:
9912:
9894:
9872:
9858:
9829:
9821:
9807:
9783:
9769:
9745:
9731:
9691:
9689:
9675:
9651:
9637:
9592:
9591:
9588:
9557:
9555:
9541:
9539:
9533:
9522:
9508:
9494:
9489:
9485:
9474:
9458:
9454:
9443:
9427:
9416:
9405:
9398:
9391:
9380:
9373:
9368:
9365:
9364:
9359:
9355:
9351:
9347:
9343:
9335:
9327:
9319:
9311:
9299:Matres lectionis
9285:but more likely
9260:
9258:
9249:
9238:
9227:
9216:
9205:
9194:
9187:
9185:
9176:
9165:
9154:
9143:
9132:
9121:
9110:
9099:
9092:
9090:
9081:
9070:
9059:
9048:
9037:
9026:
9015:
9004:
8997:
8995:
8986:
8975:
8964:
8953:
8942:
8931:
8920:
8909:
8902:
8900:
8891:
8880:
8869:
8858:
8850:
8839:
8831:
8820:
8812:
8797:
8790:
8788:
8779:
8768:
8757:
8746:
8736:
8726:
8715:
8704:
8693:
8682:
8675:
8673:
8659:
8648:
8642:
8631:
8620:
8609:
8602:
8600:
8591:
8580:
8569:
8558:
8547:
8536:
8525:
8514:
8507:
8505:
8496:
8485:
8474:
8463:
8452:
8441:
8430:
8419:
8412:
8410:
8393:
8382:
8360:
8353:
8351:
8344:
8342:
8333:
8322:
8311:
8300:
8289:
8278:
8267:
8256:
8249:
8247:
8238:
8227:
8216:
8205:
8194:
8183:
8172:
8161:
8154:
8152:
8143:
8132:
8121:
8110:
8099:
8088:
8077:
8066:
8059:
8057:
8048:
8037:
8026:
8015:
8004:
7989:
7978:
7971:
7969:
7960:
7949:
7938:
7927:
7916:
7905:
7890:
7883:
7881:
7872:
7861:
7850:
7839:
7828:
7817:
7806:
7795:
7788:
7786:
7770:
7759:
7748:
7737:
7726:
7718:
7716:
7707:
7696:
7685:
7674:
7663:
7652:
7641:
7630:
7623:
7621:
7611:
7604:
7593:
7583:
7572:
7561:
7554:
7552:
7539:
7528:
7517:
7506:
7495:
7480:
7473:
7471:
7462:
7451:
7440:
7429:
7418:
7403:
7392:
7385:
7383:
7355:
7344:
7337:
7335:
7307:
7296:
7289:
7287:
7278:
7267:
7256:
7245:
7234:
7219:
7208:
7201:
7199:
7190:
7155:
7148:
7146:
7137:
7126:
7115:
7104:
7089:
7082:
7080:
7071:
7060:
7049:
7038:
7019:
7008:
7001:
6999:
6990:
6979:
6968:
6957:
6942:
6935:
6933:
6924:
6913:
6902:
6891:
6880:
6865:
6854:
6847:
6845:
6836:
6825:
6814:
6803:
6784:
6773:
6766:
6764:
6755:
6744:
6733:
6722:
6711:
6700:
6689:
6678:
6671:
6669:
6662:
6660:
6651:
6618:
6558:
6557:
6541:
6539:
6533:
6527:
6516:
6514:
6508:
6502:
6455:
6441:
6418:
6414:
6406:
6398:
6390:
6386:
6378:
6365:
6359:represented the
6354:
6350:
6342:
6338:
6332:represented the
6327:
6324:, respectively,
6323:
6319:
6310:represented the
6305:
6297:
6278:
6275:show variation.
6274:
6258:
6257:
6254:
6253:
6250:
6247:
6244:
6241:
6238:
6235:
6232:
6229:
6226:
6223:
6220:
6205:
6192:
6186:
6169:
6167:
6157:
6149:
6147:
6137:
6135:
6127:
6110:
6108:
6098:
6090:
6088:
6077:
6075:
6067:
6055:(with left dot)
6050:
6048:
6038:
6036:
6028:
6012:
6010:
5995:
5993:
5985:
5969:
5967:
5957:
5955:
5947:
5924:
5922:
5911:
5909:
5901:
5885:
5883:
5868:
5866:
5852:
5850:
5832:
5821:
5810:
5808:
5798:
5785:
5783:
5772:
5770:
5753:
5752:
5696:
5690:
5689:
5684:
5683:
5676:
5675:
5669:
5658:
5657:
5651:
5639:
5633:
5624:
5615:
5613:
5604:
5602:
5584:
5576:
5568:
5565:, in which case
5564:
5556:
5548:
5544:
5534:
5533:
5532:
5524:
5523:
5511:
5505:
5496:
5486:
5476:
5475:
5457:
5451:
5442:
5432:
5418:
5406:
5405:
5398:
5397:
5391:
5374:
5368:
5359:
5349:
5312:
5311:
5303:Hebrew phonology
5294:
5277:
5266:
5265:
5263:
5258:
5256:
5242:
5226:
5216:
5205:
5187:
5177:
5166:
5148:
5138:
5104:
5103:
5094:
5090:
5082:
5078:
5074:
5070:
5062:
5054:
5011:Krymchaki Hebrew
5007:Ashkenazi Hebrew
4941:
4923:
4898:
4881:
4879:
4853:
4835:
4815:Transliteration
4801:Transliteration
4784:
4783:
4776:
4768:
4760:
4748:
4728:
4720:
4712:
4704:
4696:
4688:
4664:
4657:
4632:
4618:
4616:
4602:
4588:
4586:
4559:
4558:
4535:
4503: as /ð/ (
4502:
4494:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4462:
4456:
4451:
4441:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4411:
4406:
4402:
4396:
4386:
4376:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4339:
4334:
4324:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4287:
4277:
4267:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4236:
4226:
4216:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4181:
4175:
4165:
4155:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4134:
4129:
4123:
4117:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4087:
4082:
4076:
4066:
4056:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4021:
4015:
4010:
4000:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3965:
3959:
3954:
3944:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3909:
3903:
3898:
3888:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3853:
3847:
3837:
3827:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3782:
3776:
3766:
3758:
3750:
3740:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3702:
3690:
3680:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3652:
3646:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3609:
3599:
3589:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3561:
3555:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3518:
3508:
3498:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3461:
3451:
3441:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3404:
3399:
3391:
3381:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3344:
3339:
3329:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3292:
3287:
3277:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3240:
3230:
3220:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3185:
3179:
3169:
3159:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3122:
3112:
3102:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3065:
3052:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3015:
3009:
2999:
2989:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2952:
2942:
2932:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2897:
2891:
2881:
2871:
2855:
2850:
2844:
2839:
2829:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2799:
2794:
2790:
2784:
2774:
2764:
2751:gh as in Arabic
2748:
2743:
2737:
2729:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2692:
2682:
2672:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2642:
2637:
2631:
2626:
2616:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2586:
2581:
2575:
2565:
2555:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2509:
2499:
2491:
2481:
2472:
2465:
2457:
2447:
2434:
2425:
2420:
2413:
2406:
2401:
2394:
2389:
2386:
2385:
2351:
2344:Dead Sea Scrolls
2341:
2335:
2321:
2312:
2306:
2300:
2294:
2288:
2282:
2249:
2243:
2237:
2231:
2223:
2217:
2211:
2205:
2199:
2193:
2187:
2181:
2175:
2169:
2163:
2070:
2062:
2056:
2050:
2044:
2038:
2032:
2026:
2020:
2014:
2008:
2002:
1912:
1892:
1852:
1822:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1766:matres lectionis
1762:
1754:
1746:
1738:
1694:Unicode and HTML
1538:
1531:
1525:
1519:
1513:
1507:
1501:
1495:
1489:
1483:
1477:
1471:
1465:
1459:
1453:
1447:
1441:
1435:
1429:
1423:
1417:
1411:
1405:
1399:
1393:
1387:
1381:
1375:
1368:
1367:
1327:Aramaic alphabet
1307:Babylonian exile
1305:. Following the
1293:
1290:
1168:Yiddish alphabet
1157:matres lectionis
1148:matres lectionis
1144:
1143:
1137:
1136:
1130:
1129:
1123:
1122:
1061:Aramaic alphabet
1030:Levantine Arabic
1010:Jewish languages
981:
975:
910:
907:
893:
890:
880:
877:
748:
745:
682:
681:
541:
538:
517:
500:
497:
476:
475:
454:
453:
442:
441:
430:
426:
425:
405:
404:
382:
370:
364:
360:
330:U+FB1D to U+FB4F
323:U+0590 to U+05FF
289:
286:
204:Yiddish alphabet
177:Aramaic alphabet
144:Jewish languages
136:Levantine Arabic
101:
100:
61:
48:
47:
41:Hebrew character
37:Samaritan script
21:
22879:
22878:
22874:
22873:
22872:
22870:
22869:
22868:
22859:Hebrew language
22829:Hebrew alphabet
22819:
22818:
22817:
22812:
22767:
22445:
22439:
22409:
22400:
22393:
22386:
22379:
22368:
22361:
22354:
22347:
22340:
22333:
22319:
22312:
22305:
22298:
22291:
22284:
22277:
22270:
22259:
22252:
22245:
22238:
22231:
22224:
22217:
22212:Charles Barbier
22210:
22203:
22192:
22185:
22178:
22171:
22164:
22157:
22150:
22143:
22136:
22129:
22122:
22115:
22102:
22095:
22088:
22080:
22073:
22066:
22059:
22044:
22036:
22029:
22022:
22011:
22004:
21997:
21988:
21981:
21974:
21967:
21962:
21951:
21943:
21937:Frequency-based
21932:
21924:
21909:
21902:
21894:
21887:
21879:
21872:
21865:
21858:
21850:
21843:
21836:
21829:
21818:
21810:
21803:
21796:
21789:
21782:
21775:
21768:
21761:
21754:
21747:
21740:
21733:Bharati Braille
21730:
21724:
21716:
21709:
21702:
21691:
21685:
21678:
21671:
21664:
21657:
21650:
21643:
21636:
21629:
21618:
21612:
21605:
21600:
21593:
21588:
21583:
21578:
21571:
21564:
21557:
21550:
21539:
21532:
21525:
21518:
21511:
21504:
21496:
21489:
21482:
21475:
21468:
21461:
21454:
21447:
21440:
21433:
21426:
21419:
21412:
21404:
21397:
21390:
21383:
21376:
21369:
21362:
21355:
21348:
21341:
21334:
21327:
21320:
21313:
21307:Unified English
21301:
21294:
21287:
21279:
21272:
21265:
21258:
21251:
21236:Braille scripts
21231:
21224:
21217:
21210:
21203:
21192:
21188:
21183:
21138:
20953:
20936:
20932:Stokoe notation
20908:
20887:
20846:
20801:
20780:
20764:
20728:
20707:Logoconsonantal
20702:
20651:
20604:
20573:
20480:
20463:
20444:Siglas poveiras
20365:
20344:
20303:
20207:Younger Futhark
19911:Gregg shorthand
19707:
19686:
19539:
19191:
18921:
18904:
18683:
18666:
18649:
18622:Writing systems
18610:
18585:
18583:writing systems
18576:
18546:
18541:
18500:Reference works
18495:
18430:
18426:Vav-consecutive
18375:
18354:Biblical Hebrew
18336:
18283:
18268:Mater lectionis
18240:
18140:
18017:
17971:
17948:
17943:
17935:
17927:
17906:
17876:
17838:
17793:
17791:Hebrew language
17788:
17754:Wayback Machine
17731:
17708:
17703:
17676:
17646:
17632:Goldingay, John
17572:
17549:
17541:
17537:
17533:
17528:
17520:
17513:
17508:
17504:
17499:
17495:
17490:
17486:
17481:
17477:
17472:on 3 July 2014.
17469:
17462:
17458:
17457:
17444:
17435:
17434:
17430:
17418:
17414:
17405:
17404:
17400:
17393:
17379:
17375:
17369:Wayback Machine
17360:
17339:
17323:" – see
17319:) in the word "
17304:
17293:
17277:
17276:
17267:
17261:
17257:
17247:
17245:
17237:
17236:
17232:
17224:Kaplan, Aryeh.
17223:
17219:
17211:
17207:
17199:
17195:
17187:
17183:
17175:
17171:
17163:
17159:
17152:
17138:
17134:
17121:
17117:
17104:
17100:
17092:
17085:
17080:. Unicode, Inc.
17073:
17069:
17068:
17057:
17049:
17045:
17037:
17033:
17025:
17021:
17014:
16998:
16994:
16983:
16979:
16972:
16968:
16963:Wayback Machine
16954:
16950:
16945:Wayback Machine
16936:
16932:
16925:
16909:
16905:
16894:
16890:
16878:may be written
16853:
16849:
16843:
16839:
16834:
16830:
16791:
16787:
16775:Hebrew alphabet
16772:
16768:
16764:
16759:
16758:
16753:
16749:
16466:
16432:Hebrew spelling
16408:
16343:
16341:Hebrew keyboard
16335:Main articles:
16333:
16303:
16299:
16297:
16294:
16293:
16276:
16272:
16270:
16267:
16266:
16242:
16238:
16236:
16233:
16232:
16209:
16205:
16203:
16200:
16199:
16183:
16181:
16178:
16177:
16172:of an infinite
16170:cardinal number
16152:
16148:
16146:
16143:
16142:
16135:
16119:
16115:
16097:anthropomorphic
16078:Sefer HaTemunah
16052:Book of Genesis
16021:
15829:
15746:
15726:
15706:
15679:
15657:
15616:
15596:
15568:
15541:
15522:
15503:
15489:
15468:
15463:
15457:
15455:
15446:
15432:
15414:
15412:
15411:only in initial
15405:
15392:
15390:
15381:
15362:
15343:
15324:
15305:
15261:
15242:
15200:
15198:
15196:
15187:
15172:
15170:
15161:
15139:
15130:
15110:
15096:
15047:
15019:
15000:
14964:
14945:
14929:
14920:
14901:
14892:
14877:
14868:
14855:
14835:
14807:
14794:
14774:
14755:
14736:
14717:
14708:
14692:
14687:
14681:
14679:
14677:
14676:consonantal, in
14668:
14642:
14640:
14638:
14637:consonantal, in
14629:
14622:
14607:
14589:
14588:transliteration
14587:
14585:
14573:
14572:transliteration
14571:
14569:
14543:
14501:
14459:
14409:
14382:
14317:
14275:
14223:
14171:
14131:
14091:
14070:
14041:
14035:
14029:
14023:
14005:
14003:
13994:
13973:
13953:
13951:
13950:only in initial
13942:
13938:
13933:
13902:
13900:
13891:
13851:
13811:
13771:
13731:
13662:
13622:
13546:
13544:
13542:
13533:
13497:
13495:
13486:
13440:
13431:
13389:
13371:
13297:
13245:
13205:
13148:
13108:
13070:
13061:
13021:
13012:
12976:
12967:
12954:
12912:
12860:
12847:
12805:
12765:
12725:
12685:
12676:
12652:
12646:
12640:
12634:
12616:
12614:
12612:
12611:consonantal, in
12603:
12556:
12554:
12552:
12551:consonantal, in
12543:
12531:
12511:
12488:
12487:transliteration
12486:
12484:
12467:
12466:transliteration
12465:
12463:
12350:
12336:Biblical Hebrew
12330:Main articles:
12328:
12314:, where
12273:
12260:
12245:
12232:
12217:
12204:
12189:
12176:
12161:
12148:
12133:
12120:
12107:
12092:
12079:
12066:
12051:
12038:
12025:
12010:
11997:
11984:
11894:Hebrew calendar
11889:
11887:Hebrew numerals
11883:
11870:orthography of
11856:Masoretic Texts
11800:
11798:Yiddish symbols
10664:
10662:
10649:
10643:Ashuri alphabet
10631:
10597:
10591:
10581:
10562:
10521:
10515:
10299:
10294:Transliteration
10282:
10271:
10154:
10115:
10110:Transliteration
10080:
10068:
10062:
10050:Biblical Hebrew
10036:
10030:
10011:
9988:
9983:– is sometimes
9967:
9693:
9622:
9617:Transliteration
9574:
9552:
9536:
9407:
9400:
9393:
9386:
9384:
9382:
9375:
9307:
9305:Mater lectionis
9301:
9296:
9253:
9250:
9239:
9228:
9217:
9206:
9180:
9177:
9166:
9155:
9144:
9133:
9122:
9111:
9085:
9082:
9071:
9060:
9049:
9038:
9027:
9016:
8990:
8987:
8976:
8965:
8954:
8943:
8932:
8921:
8895:
8892:
8881:
8870:
8859:
8840:
8821:
8802:
8783:
8780:
8769:
8758:
8747:
8737:
8727:
8716:
8705:
8694:
8668:
8665:
8658:
8654:
8647:
8643:
8632:
8621:
8595:
8592:
8581:
8570:
8559:
8548:
8537:
8526:
8500:
8497:
8486:
8475:
8464:
8453:
8442:
8431:
8405:
8402:
8398:
8394:
8383:
8372:
8365:
8346:
8337:
8334:
8323:
8312:
8301:
8290:
8279:
8268:
8242:
8239:
8228:
8217:
8206:
8195:
8184:
8173:
8147:
8144:
8133:
8122:
8111:
8100:
8089:
8078:
8052:
8049:
8038:
8027:
8016:
8005:
7994:
7990:
7964:
7961:
7950:
7939:
7928:
7917:
7906:
7895:
7876:
7873:
7862:
7851:
7840:
7829:
7818:
7807:
7783:
7771:
7760:
7749:
7738:
7711:
7708:
7697:
7686:
7675:
7664:
7653:
7642:
7616:
7610:
7603:
7599:
7592:
7588:
7584:
7573:
7547:
7544:
7540:
7529:
7518:
7507:
7496:
7485:
7466:
7463:
7452:
7441:
7430:
7419:
7408:
7404:
7380:
7368:
7364:
7360:
7356:
7332:
7320:
7316:
7312:
7308:
7282:
7279:
7268:
7257:
7246:
7235:
7224:
7220:
7194:
7191:
7180:
7176:
7172:
7168:
7164:
7160:
7141:
7138:
7127:
7116:
7105:
7094:
7075:
7072:
7061:
7050:
7039:
7028:
7024:
7020:
6994:
6991:
6980:
6969:
6958:
6947:
6928:
6925:
6914:
6903:
6892:
6881:
6870:
6866:
6840:
6837:
6826:
6815:
6804:
6793:
6789:
6785:
6759:
6756:
6745:
6734:
6723:
6712:
6701:
6690:
6664:
6655:
6652:
6641:
6637:
6633:
6629:
6623:
6534: and/or
6522:
6497:
6470:
6217:
6213:
6200:
6177:ch/tsh (chair)
6170:
6164:
6150:
6144:
6138:
6132:
6111:
6105:
6091:
6085:
6078:
6072:
6051:
6045:
6039:
6033:
6013:
6007:
5996:
5990:
5970:
5964:
5958:
5952:
5934:
5925:
5919:
5912:
5906:
5886:
5880:
5869:
5863:
5855:glottal plosive
5851:
5824:
5809:
5801:
5795:transliterated
5794:
5786:
5780:
5773:
5767:
5759:Transliteration
5740:
5728:Hebrew numerals
5685:
5660:
5610:
5609:
5605:
5599:
5595:
5591:
5545:represented by
5459:
5422:
5415:Often a simple
5376:
5260:
5253:
5249:
5124:Transliteration
5045:
5037:Main articles:
5035:
5022:Yemenite Hebrew
4989:Yemenite Hebrew
4876:
4793:Without dagesh
4683:
4677:
4671:
4648:corresponds to
4613:
4583:
4569:Transliteration
4523:
4517:
4137:/ˈlaŋɡəˈtsadək/
4133:/ˈlaŋɡəˈtsadɪk/
3704:
2451:
2442:
2429:
2381:
2365:Main articles:
2363:
2358:
2269:, Izbet Sartah
2259:
2148:
2118:
2095:
1959:
1950:
1927:
1871:
1825:Tiberian system
1726:
1706:
1559:Mater lectionis
1366:
1346:Jewish diaspora
1291:
1266:Proto-Canaanite
1242:
1195:
1103:Arabic alphabet
1012:, most notably
1006:Hebrew language
963:Hebrew alphabet
955:
954:
953:
908:
891:
878:
746:
675:
674:
551:
550:
539:
498:
469:
468:
447:
446:
435:
434:
419:
418:
413:
403:
402:
401:
392:Without proper
383:
341:
336:
332:
325:
316:
304:
287:
284:
269:
220:
213:
197:
190:
181:Hebrew alphabet
157:
150:Related scripts
106:Official script
95:
80:
73:
52:
51:Hebrew alphabet
44:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
22877:
22867:
22866:
22861:
22856:
22851:
22846:
22841:
22836:
22831:
22814:
22813:
22811:
22810:
22805:
22800:
22795:
22790:
22785:
22784:
22783:
22772:
22769:
22768:
22764:
22763:
22760:
22757:
22754:
22751:
22748:
22745:
22742:
22739:
22736:
22733:
22730:
22727:
22724:
22721:
22718:
22715:
22712:
22709:
22706:
22703:
22700:
22696:
22695:
22684:
22673:
22662:
22651:
22640:
22629:
22618:
22607:
22596:
22585:
22574:
22563:
22552:
22541:
22530:
22519:
22508:
22497:
22486:
22475:
22464:
22450:
22447:
22446:
22438:
22437:
22430:
22423:
22415:
22406:
22405:
22402:
22401:
22399:
22398:
22391:
22384:
22376:
22374:
22373:Related topics
22370:
22369:
22367:
22366:
22359:
22352:
22349:New York Point
22345:
22338:
22330:
22328:
22321:
22320:
22318:
22317:
22310:
22303:
22296:
22289:
22282:
22275:
22267:
22265:
22261:
22260:
22258:
22257:
22250:
22243:
22236:
22233:Harris Mowbray
22229:
22222:
22215:
22208:
22200:
22198:
22194:
22193:
22191:
22190:
22183:
22176:
22169:
22162:
22155:
22148:
22141:
22134:
22127:
22120:
22117:Braille e-book
22112:
22110:
22104:
22103:
22101:
22100:
22093:
22086:
22078:
22071:
22064:
22056:
22054:
22050:
22049:
22046:
22045:
22043:
22042:
22034:
22027:
22019:
22017:
22013:
22012:
22010:
22009:
22002:
21995:
21994:
21993:
21986:
21979:
21972:
21959:
21957:
21953:
21952:
21950:
21949:
21940:
21938:
21934:
21933:
21931:
21930:
21921:
21919:
21915:
21914:
21911:
21910:
21908:
21907:
21900:
21892:
21885:
21877:
21870:
21863:
21856:
21848:
21841:
21834:
21826:
21824:
21820:
21819:
21817:
21816:
21808:
21801:
21794:
21787:
21780:
21773:
21766:
21759:
21752:
21745:
21737:
21735:
21726:
21725:
21723:
21722:
21714:
21707:
21699:
21697:
21687:
21686:
21684:
21683:
21676:
21669:
21662:
21655:
21648:
21641:
21634:
21626:
21624:
21614:
21613:
21611:
21610:
21609:
21608:
21603:
21598:
21591:
21586:
21581:
21569:
21562:
21555:
21547:
21545:
21538:
21537:
21530:
21523:
21516:
21509:
21502:
21494:
21487:
21480:
21473:
21466:
21459:
21452:
21445:
21438:
21431:
21424:
21417:
21410:
21402:
21395:
21388:
21381:
21374:
21367:
21360:
21353:
21346:
21339:
21332:
21325:
21318:
21311:
21299:
21292:
21285:
21277:
21270:
21263:
21256:
21248:
21246:
21244:French-ordered
21237:
21233:
21232:
21230:
21229:
21222:
21215:
21208:
21200:
21198:
21194:
21193:
21182:
21181:
21174:
21167:
21159:
21152:
21151:
21148:
21147:
21144:
21143:
21140:
21139:
21137:
21136:
21131:
21126:
21121:
21116:
21111:
21106:
21101:
21096:
21091:
21086:
21084:Linear Elamite
21081:
21076:
21071:
21066:
21065:
21064:
21059:
21054:
21049:
21044:
21039:
21029:
21024:
21019:
21014:
21009:
21004:
20999:
20994:
20989:
20984:
20979:
20974:
20969:
20964:
20958:
20955:
20954:
20942:
20941:
20938:
20937:
20935:
20934:
20929:
20924:
20919:
20913:
20910:
20909:
20906:Sign languages
20897:
20896:
20893:
20892:
20889:
20888:
20886:
20885:
20883:Quốc Âm Tân Tự
20880:
20875:
20870:
20865:
20860:
20858:Espanca script
20854:
20852:
20848:
20847:
20845:
20844:
20839:
20834:
20829:
20824:
20819:
20817:Linear Elamite
20813:
20811:
20803:
20802:
20790:
20789:
20786:
20785:
20782:
20781:
20779:
20778:
20772:
20770:
20766:
20765:
20763:
20762:
20757:
20752:
20747:
20742:
20736:
20734:
20730:
20729:
20727:
20726:
20721:
20716:
20710:
20708:
20704:
20703:
20701:
20700:
20698:Yi (Classical)
20695:
20690:
20685:
20680:
20675:
20670:
20665:
20659:
20657:
20653:
20652:
20650:
20649:
20644:
20639:
20634:
20629:
20624:
20618:
20616:
20610:
20609:
20606:
20605:
20603:
20602:
20597:
20592:
20587:
20581:
20579:
20575:
20574:
20572:
20571:
20566:
20561:
20556:
20551:
20546:
20545:
20544:
20539:
20534:
20524:
20522:Bronze scripts
20519:
20514:
20509:
20503:
20501:
20492:
20482:
20481:
20469:
20468:
20465:
20464:
20462:
20461:
20456:
20451:
20446:
20441:
20436:
20431:
20426:
20421:
20416:
20411:
20406:
20401:
20396:
20391:
20386:
20381:
20376:
20370:
20367:
20366:
20354:
20353:
20350:
20349:
20346:
20345:
20343:
20342:
20337:
20335:Flag semaphore
20332:
20330:New York Point
20327:
20325:Telegraph code
20322:
20320:Maritime flags
20317:
20311:
20309:
20305:
20304:
20302:
20301:
20296:
20291:
20286:
20281:
20276:
20274:Visible Speech
20271:
20266:
20261:
20256:
20251:
20246:
20244:Sorang Sompeng
20241:
20236:
20231:
20230:
20229:
20224:
20219:
20214:
20209:
20204:
20199:
20194:
20189:
20179:
20174:
20169:
20164:
20159:
20154:
20149:
20148:
20147:
20146:
20145:
20140:
20135:
20130:
20128:Galik alphabet
20125:
20110:
20105:
20100:
20095:
20090:
20085:
20080:
20075:
20070:
20065:
20060:
20055:
20050:
20045:
20040:
20035:
20034:
20033:
20028:
20026:Tironian notes
20023:
20018:
20013:
20008:
20003:
19998:
19993:
19988:
19983:
19978:
19973:
19968:
19958:
19953:
19948:
19943:
19938:
19933:
19928:
19923:
19913:
19908:
19903:
19898:
19893:
19892:
19891:
19886:
19881:
19871:
19869:Garay alphabet
19866:
19861:
19856:
19851:
19846:
19841:
19836:
19831:
19826:
19821:
19820:
19819:
19809:
19804:
19803:
19802:
19797:
19787:
19782:
19777:
19772:
19767:
19762:
19757:
19752:
19747:
19746:
19745:
19735:
19730:
19725:
19719:
19717:
19709:
19708:
19696:
19695:
19692:
19691:
19688:
19687:
19685:
19684:
19679:
19674:
19669:
19664:
19659:
19654:
19652:Sorang Sompeng
19649:
19644:
19639:
19634:
19629:
19624:
19619:
19614:
19609:
19604:
19599:
19594:
19589:
19584:
19579:
19578:
19577:
19575:Déné syllabics
19572:
19562:
19557:
19551:
19549:
19545:
19544:
19541:
19540:
19538:
19537:
19536:
19535:
19530:
19520:
19519:
19518:
19513:
19508:
19503:
19498:
19493:
19488:
19478:
19473:
19468:
19463:
19458:
19453:
19448:
19443:
19438:
19433:
19428:
19423:
19418:
19413:
19412:
19411:
19401:
19396:
19391:
19386:
19381:
19376:
19371:
19366:
19365:
19364:
19359:
19349:
19344:
19339:
19338:
19337:
19327:
19322:
19317:
19312:
19307:
19302:
19301:
19300:
19290:
19285:
19280:
19275:
19270:
19265:
19260:
19255:
19250:
19245:
19240:
19235:
19230:
19225:
19220:
19215:
19210:
19205:
19199:
19197:
19193:
19192:
19190:
19189:
19184:
19179:
19178:
19177:
19172:
19162:
19157:
19152:
19147:
19142:
19137:
19132:
19131:
19130:
19120:
19119:
19118:
19113:
19108:
19103:
19098:
19093:
19088:
19083:
19078:
19073:
19068:
19063:
19053:
19048:
19043:
19038:
19033:
19028:
19023:
19018:
19013:
19008:
19003:
18998:
18993:
18988:
18983:
18978:
18973:
18968:
18963:
18958:
18953:
18948:
18942:
18940:
18933:
18923:
18922:
18910:
18909:
18906:
18905:
18903:
18902:
18897:
18892:
18891:
18890:
18885:
18880:
18870:
18865:
18864:
18863:
18858:
18848:
18843:
18838:
18836:Proto-Sinaitic
18833:
18828:
18827:
18826:
18816:
18811:
18810:
18809:
18804:
18799:
18794:
18784:
18779:
18774:
18769:
18764:
18759:
18758:
18757:
18752:
18747:
18742:
18732:
18727:
18722:
18721:
18720:
18710:
18709:
18708:
18697:
18696:
18688:
18685:
18684:
18668:
18667:
18655:
18654:
18651:
18650:
18648:
18647:
18641:
18640:
18639:
18634:
18629:
18618:
18616:
18612:
18611:
18609:
18608:
18603:
18597:
18595:
18587:
18586:
18575:
18574:
18567:
18560:
18552:
18543:
18542:
18540:
18539:
18532:
18525:
18518:
18511:
18503:
18501:
18497:
18496:
18494:
18493:
18488:
18483:
18478:
18475:modern Israeli
18464:
18459:
18454:
18449:
18444:
18438:
18436:
18432:
18431:
18429:
18428:
18423:
18418:
18413:
18408:
18403:
18397:
18396:
18391:
18385:
18383:
18377:
18376:
18374:
18373:
18368:
18366:
18364:Philippi's law
18361:
18356:
18350:
18348:
18342:
18341:
18338:
18337:
18335:
18334:
18329:
18324:
18319:
18314:
18309:
18304:
18299:
18293:
18291:
18285:
18284:
18282:
18281:
18279:Plene scriptum
18276:
18271:
18264:
18250:
18248:
18242:
18241:
18239:
18238:
18233:
18228:
18223:
18218:
18213:
18208:
18203:
18198:
18193:
18188:
18183:
18178:
18172:
18171:
18166:
18161:
18156:
18150:
18148:
18142:
18141:
18139:
18138:
18133:
18128:
18123:
18118:
18113:
18108:
18103:
18098:
18093:
18088:
18083:
18078:
18073:
18068:
18063:
18058:
18053:
18048:
18043:
18038:
18033:
18027:
18025:
18019:
18018:
18016:
18015:
18010:
18005:
18000:
17995:
17990:
17985:
17979:
17977:
17973:
17972:
17970:
17969:
17963:
17961:
17954:
17950:
17949:
17947:
17946:
17938:
17930:
17922:
17917:
17912:
17900:
17895:
17890:
17884:
17882:
17878:
17877:
17875:
17874:
17869:
17864:
17859:
17846:
17844:
17840:
17839:
17837:
17836:
17831:
17822:
17817:
17812:
17807:
17801:
17799:
17795:
17794:
17787:
17786:
17779:
17772:
17764:
17758:
17757:
17744:
17738:
17730:
17727:
17726:
17725:
17719:
17714:
17707:
17704:
17702:
17701:External links
17699:
17698:
17697:
17689:
17680:
17674:
17659:
17650:
17644:
17628:
17617:
17591:(4): 471–485.
17576:
17570:
17555:
17532:
17529:
17527:
17526:
17511:
17502:
17493:
17484:
17475:
17442:
17428:
17420:Sirat, Colette
17412:
17398:
17391:
17373:
17337:
17291:
17255:
17230:
17217:
17205:
17193:
17181:
17177:Goldingay 2022
17169:
17157:
17150:
17132:
17115:
17098:
17083:
17055:
17043:
17031:
17019:
17012:
16992:
16977:
16966:
16948:
16930:
16923:
16903:
16888:
16847:
16837:
16828:
16785:
16765:
16763:
16760:
16757:
16756:
16746:
16745:
16574:(= "snob"). A
16499:Arabic letters
16482:, " hyphen"),
16465:
16462:
16461:
16460:
16455:
16449:
16444:
16439:
16434:
16429:
16424:
16422:Cursive Hebrew
16419:
16414:
16412:Hebrew braille
16407:
16404:
16332:
16329:
16325:gimel function
16306:
16302:
16279:
16275:
16245:
16241:
16212:
16208:
16186:
16155:
16151:
16134:
16131:
16105:
16033:the redemption
16020:
16017:
16013:"slept deeply"
15881:" and "
15827:
15765:
15764:
15762:
15756:
15755:
15752:
15743:
15742:
15740:
15738:
15735:
15732:
15723:
15722:
15720:
15718:
15715:
15712:
15703:
15702:
15700:
15691:
15688:
15685:
15676:
15675:
15649:
15648:
15629:
15627:
15625:
15622:
15613:
15612:
15610:
15608:
15605:
15602:
15593:
15592:
15590:
15581:
15579:
15574:
15565:
15564:
15562:
15553:
15550:
15547:
15538:
15537:
15535:
15533:
15531:
15528:
15519:
15518:
15516:
15514:
15512:
15509:
15500:
15499:
15497:
15481:
15480:
15478:
15469:
15466:
15464:
15461:
15459:
15456:word positions
15453:
15443:
15442:
15440:
15424:
15423:
15408:
15406:
15403:
15401:
15394:
15391:word positions
15388:
15378:
15377:
15375:
15373:
15371:
15368:
15359:
15358:
15356:
15354:
15352:
15349:
15340:
15339:
15337:
15335:
15333:
15330:
15321:
15320:
15318:
15316:
15314:
15311:
15302:
15301:
15292:
15273:
15270:
15267:
15258:
15257:
15255:
15253:
15251:
15248:
15239:
15238:
15223:
15208:
15205:
15202:
15194:
15184:
15183:
15181:
15179:
15177:
15174:
15168:
15158:
15157:
15155:
15146:
15144:
15141:
15137:
15127:
15126:
15124:
15122:
15119:
15116:
15107:
15106:
15104:
15088:
15087:
15078:
15059:
15056:
15053:
15044:
15043:
15041:
15032:
15030:
15025:
15016:
15015:
15013:
15011:
15009:
15006:
14997:
14996:
14977:
14975:
14973:
14970:
14961:
14960:
14958:
14956:
14954:
14951:
14942:
14941:
14939:
14937:
14934:
14931:
14927:
14917:
14916:
14914:
14912:
14910:
14903:
14899:
14889:
14888:
14886:
14884:
14882:
14879:
14875:
14865:
14864:
14861:
14852:
14851:
14849:
14847:
14844:
14841:
14832:
14831:
14829:
14820:
14818:
14813:
14804:
14803:
14800:
14791:
14790:
14788:
14786:
14783:
14780:
14771:
14770:
14768:
14766:
14764:
14761:
14752:
14751:
14749:
14747:
14745:
14742:
14733:
14732:
14730:
14728:
14726:
14719:
14715:
14705:
14704:
14702:
14693:
14690:
14688:
14685:
14683:
14675:
14665:
14664:
14655:
14653:
14651:
14644:
14636:
14626:
14625:
14612:
14610:
14597:
14595:
14581:
14579:
14565:
14563:
14553:
14552:
14549:
14540:
14539:
14537:
14535:
14533:
14531:
14528:
14525:
14522:
14519:
14514:
14507:
14498:
14497:
14495:
14493:
14491:
14489:
14486:
14483:
14480:
14477:
14472:
14465:
14456:
14455:
14453:
14448:
14439:
14436:
14433:
14430:
14427:
14422:
14415:
14406:
14405:
14400:
14374:
14373:
14368:
14349:
14347:
14345:
14343:
14341:
14338:
14335:
14330:
14323:
14314:
14313:
14311:
14309:
14307:
14305:
14302:
14299:
14296:
14293:
14288:
14281:
14272:
14271:
14269:
14267:
14262:
14253:
14251:
14249:
14246:
14241:
14236:
14229:
14220:
14219:
14217:
14215:
14210:
14201:
14198:
14195:
14192:
14189:
14184:
14177:
14168:
14167:
14165:
14163:
14161:
14159:
14157:
14155:
14152:
14149:
14144:
14137:
14128:
14127:
14125:
14123:
14121:
14119:
14117:
14115:
14112:
14109:
14104:
14097:
14088:
14087:
14085:
14083:
14078:
14062:
14061:
14059:
14057:
14052:
14043:
14039:
14036:
14033:
14031:
14027:
14024:
14021:
14019:
14014:
14007:
14004:word positions
14001:
13991:
13990:
13988:
13986:
13984:/ˌʕadloˈjadaʕ/
13981:
13965:
13964:
13962:
13947:
13945:
13943:
13940:
13936:
13934:
13931:
13929:
13926:
13919:
13911:
13904:
13901:word positions
13898:
13888:
13887:
13885:
13883:
13881:
13879:
13877:
13875:
13872:
13869:
13864:
13857:
13848:
13847:
13845:
13843:
13841:
13839:
13837:
13835:
13832:
13829:
13827:great-grandson
13824:
13817:
13808:
13807:
13805:
13803:
13801:
13799:
13797:
13795:
13792:
13789:
13784:
13777:
13768:
13767:
13765:
13763:
13761:
13759:
13757:
13755:
13752:
13749:
13744:
13737:
13728:
13727:
13725:
13716:
13711:
13692:
13689:
13686:
13683:
13680:
13678:branch-roofing
13675:
13668:
13659:
13658:
13656:
13654:
13652:
13650:
13648:
13646:
13643:
13640:
13635:
13628:
13619:
13618:
13613:
13598:
13587:
13572:
13569:
13566:
13563:
13560:
13555:
13548:
13540:
13530:
13529:
13527:
13525:
13523:
13521:
13519:
13517:
13514:
13511:
13506:
13499:
13493:
13483:
13482:
13480:
13478:
13473:
13464:
13462:
13460:
13457:
13454:
13449:
13442:
13438:
13428:
13427:
13425:
13423:
13421:
13419:
13416:
13413:
13410:
13407:
13402:
13395:
13386:
13385:
13383:
13381:
13379:
13363:
13362:
13360:
13351:
13346:
13327:
13324:
13321:
13318:
13315:
13310:
13303:
13294:
13293:
13291:
13289:
13284:
13275:
13273:
13271:
13268:
13263:
13258:
13251:
13242:
13241:
13239:
13237:
13235:
13233:
13231:
13229:
13226:
13223:
13218:
13211:
13202:
13201:
13199:
13180:
13178:
13176:
13174:
13172:
13169:
13166:
13161:
13154:
13145:
13144:
13142:
13140:
13138:
13136:
13134:
13132:
13129:
13126:
13121:
13114:
13105:
13104:
13102:
13100:
13098:
13096:
13093:
13090:
13087:
13084:
13079:
13072:
13068:
13058:
13057:
13055:
13053:
13051:
13049:
13047:
13045:
13042:
13035:
13030:
13023:
13019:
13009:
13008:
13006:
13004:
13002:
13000:
12998:
12996:
12993:
12990:
12985:
12978:
12974:
12964:
12963:
12960:
12951:
12950:
12948:
12946:
12944:
12942:
12939:
12936:
12933:
12930:
12925:
12918:
12909:
12908:
12906:
12904:
12899:
12890:
12888:
12886:
12883:
12878:
12873:
12866:
12857:
12856:
12853:
12844:
12843:
12841:
12839:
12837:
12835:
12832:
12829:
12826:
12823:
12818:
12811:
12802:
12801:
12799:
12797:
12795:
12793:
12791:
12789:
12786:
12783:
12778:
12771:
12762:
12761:
12759:
12757:
12755:
12753:
12751:
12749:
12746:
12743:
12738:
12731:
12722:
12721:
12719:
12717:
12715:
12713:
12711:
12709:
12706:
12699:
12694:
12687:
12683:
12673:
12672:
12670:
12668:
12663:
12654:
12650:
12647:
12644:
12642:
12638:
12635:
12632:
12630:
12625:
12618:
12610:
12600:
12599:
12597:
12588:
12586:
12584:
12582:
12580:
12577:
12570:
12565:
12558:
12550:
12540:
12539:
12534:
12521:
12519:
12514:
12501:
12499:
12494:
12480:
12478:
12473:
12459:
12457:
12452:
12447:
12441:
12440:
12405:
12404:
12403:transcription.
12390:
12376:
12327:
12324:
12278:
12277:
12274:
12266:
12264:
12261:
12253:
12250:
12249:
12246:
12238:
12236:
12233:
12225:
12222:
12221:
12218:
12210:
12208:
12205:
12197:
12194:
12193:
12190:
12182:
12180:
12177:
12169:
12166:
12165:
12162:
12154:
12152:
12149:
12141:
12138:
12137:
12134:
12126:
12124:
12121:
12113:
12111:
12108:
12100:
12097:
12096:
12093:
12085:
12083:
12080:
12072:
12070:
12067:
12059:
12056:
12055:
12052:
12044:
12042:
12039:
12031:
12029:
12026:
12018:
12015:
12014:
12011:
12003:
12001:
11998:
11990:
11988:
11985:
11977:
11974:
11973:
11968:
11963:
11958:
11953:
11948:
11885:Main article:
11882:
11879:
11876:
11875:
11836:
11829:
11828:
11817:
11810:
11809:
11806:
11799:
11796:
11793:
11792:
11785:
11778:
11775:
11768:
11761:
11758:
11755:
11751:
11750:
11743:
11736:
11733:
11726:
11719:
11716:
11713:
11709:
11708:
11701:
11694:
11691:
11684:
11677:
11674:
11671:
11667:
11666:
11659:
11652:
11649:
11642:
11635:
11632:
11629:
11625:
11624:
11617:
11610:
11607:
11604:
11600:
11599:
11586:
11579:
11576:
11569:
11562:
11559:
11556:
11552:
11551:
11544:
11537:
11534:
11531:
11527:
11526:
11519:
11512:
11509:
11502:
11495:
11492:
11489:
11485:
11484:
11477:
11470:
11467:
11460:
11453:
11450:
11447:
11443:
11442:
11435:
11428:
11425:
11418:
11411:
11408:
11405:
11401:
11400:
11393:
11386:
11383:
11380:
11376:
11375:
11368:
11361:
11358:
11351:
11344:
11341:
11338:
11334:
11333:
11326:
11319:
11316:
11313:
11309:
11308:
11301:
11294:
11291:
11284:
11277:
11274:
11271:
11267:
11266:
11259:
11252:
11249:
11242:
11235:
11232:
11229:
11225:
11224:
11217:
11210:
11207:
11204:
11200:
11199:
11192:
11185:
11182:
11175:
11168:
11165:
11162:
11158:
11157:
11150:
11143:
11140:
11133:
11126:
11123:
11120:
11116:
11115:
11108:
11101:
11098:
11091:
11084:
11081:
11078:
11074:
11073:
11066:
11059:
11056:
11049:
11042:
11039:
11036:
11032:
11031:
11024:
11017:
11014:
11007:
11000:
10997:
10994:
10990:
10989:
10982:
10975:
10972:
10965:
10958:
10955:
10952:
10948:
10947:
10940:
10933:
10930:
10923:
10916:
10913:
10910:
10906:
10905:
10898:
10891:
10888:
10881:
10874:
10871:
10868:
10864:
10863:
10856:
10849:
10846:
10839:
10832:
10829:
10826:
10822:
10821:
10814:
10807:
10804:
10797:
10790:
10787:
10784:
10780:
10779:
10772:
10765:
10762:
10755:
10748:
10745:
10742:
10738:
10737:
10730:
10723:
10716:
10709:
10702:
10694:
10685:
10684:
10681:
10678:
10674:
10673:
10670:
10635:Cursive Hebrew
10630:
10627:
10593:Main article:
10590:
10587:
10584:
10583:
10571:
10565:
10564:
10552:
10546:
10545:
10540:have the same
10530:
10524:
10523:
10506:
10500:
10499:
10492:
10489:
10480:
10478:
10472:
10471:
10465:
10464:
10457:
10454:
10445:
10443:
10437:
10430:
10429:
10422:
10419:
10410:
10404:
10398:
10391:
10390:
10383:
10380:
10371:
10365:
10359:
10352:
10351:
10344:
10341:
10332:
10326:
10320:
10313:
10312:
10309:
10306:
10302:
10301:
10296:
10291:
10286:
10270:
10267:
10264:
10263:
10257:
10254:
10245:
10238:
10236:Reduced Kamatz
10232:
10231:
10224:
10221:
10212:
10205:
10203:Reduced Patach
10199:
10198:
10191:
10188:
10179:
10172:
10166:
10165:
10158:
10148:
10131:
10124:
10118:
10117:
10112:
10107:
10101:
10100:
10098:Israeli Hebrew
10095:
10092:
10078:
10064:Main article:
10061:
10058:
10032:Main article:
10029:
10026:
9975:and sometimes
9958:
9957:
9952:
9945:
9939:
9938:
9931:
9928:
9919:
9914:
9908:
9902:
9901:
9896:
9890:
9884:
9883:
9876:
9873:
9864:
9859:
9852:
9846:
9845:
9834:
9831:
9813:
9808:
9801:
9795:
9794:
9787:
9784:
9775:
9770:
9763:
9757:
9756:
9749:
9746:
9737:
9732:
9725:
9719:
9718:
9707:
9700:
9681:
9676:
9669:
9663:
9662:
9655:
9652:
9643:
9638:
9631:
9625:
9624:
9619:
9614:
9608:
9607:
9605:Israeli Hebrew
9602:
9599:
9596:
9573:
9570:
9569:
9568:
9565:
9564:
9561:
9558:
9549:
9548:
9545:
9542:
9534:
9529:
9524:
9517:
9516:
9513:
9510:
9503:
9502:
9499:
9496:
9490:
9481:
9476:
9469:
9468:
9467:ê, ệ, ậ, â, ô
9465:
9462:
9459:
9450:
9445:
9438:
9437:
9436:ê, ệ, ậ, â, ô
9434:
9431:
9428:
9423:
9418:
9411:
9410:
9403:
9396:
9389:
9378:
9371:
9303:Main article:
9300:
9297:
9295:
9292:
9291:
9290:
9279:
9278:pharyngealized
9276:
9274:pharyngealized
9266:
9265:
9262:
9261:
9251:
9242:
9240:
9231:
9229:
9220:
9218:
9209:
9207:
9198:
9196:
9189:
9188:
9178:
9169:
9167:
9158:
9156:
9147:
9145:
9136:
9134:
9125:
9123:
9114:
9112:
9103:
9101:
9094:
9093:
9083:
9074:
9072:
9063:
9061:
9052:
9050:
9041:
9039:
9030:
9028:
9019:
9017:
9008:
9006:
8999:
8998:
8988:
8979:
8977:
8968:
8966:
8957:
8955:
8946:
8944:
8935:
8933:
8924:
8922:
8913:
8911:
8904:
8903:
8893:
8884:
8882:
8873:
8871:
8862:
8860:
8843:
8841:
8824:
8822:
8805:
8803:
8801:
8799:
8792:
8791:
8781:
8772:
8770:
8761:
8759:
8750:
8748:
8739:
8729:
8719:
8717:
8708:
8706:
8697:
8695:
8686:
8684:
8677:
8676:
8666:
8664:
8662:
8657:
8655:
8653:
8651:
8646:
8644:
8635:
8633:
8624:
8622:
8613:
8611:
8604:
8603:
8593:
8584:
8582:
8573:
8571:
8562:
8560:
8551:
8549:
8540:
8538:
8529:
8527:
8518:
8516:
8509:
8508:
8498:
8489:
8487:
8478:
8476:
8467:
8465:
8456:
8454:
8445:
8443:
8434:
8432:
8423:
8421:
8414:
8413:
8403:
8401:
8399:
8397:
8395:
8386:
8384:
8375:
8373:
8370:
8368:
8366:
8364:
8362:
8355:
8354:
8335:
8326:
8324:
8315:
8313:
8304:
8302:
8293:
8291:
8282:
8280:
8271:
8269:
8260:
8258:
8251:
8250:
8240:
8231:
8229:
8220:
8218:
8209:
8207:
8198:
8196:
8187:
8185:
8176:
8174:
8165:
8163:
8156:
8155:
8145:
8136:
8134:
8125:
8123:
8114:
8112:
8103:
8101:
8092:
8090:
8081:
8079:
8070:
8068:
8061:
8060:
8050:
8041:
8039:
8030:
8028:
8019:
8017:
8008:
8006:
7997:
7995:
7993:
7991:
7982:
7980:
7973:
7972:
7962:
7953:
7951:
7942:
7940:
7931:
7929:
7920:
7918:
7909:
7907:
7898:
7896:
7894:
7892:
7885:
7884:
7874:
7865:
7863:
7854:
7852:
7843:
7841:
7832:
7830:
7821:
7819:
7810:
7808:
7799:
7797:
7790:
7789:
7781:
7778:
7775:
7772:
7763:
7761:
7752:
7750:
7741:
7739:
7730:
7728:
7720:
7719:
7709:
7700:
7698:
7689:
7687:
7678:
7676:
7667:
7665:
7656:
7654:
7645:
7643:
7634:
7632:
7625:
7624:
7614:
7609:
7607:
7602:
7600:
7598:
7596:
7591:
7589:
7587:
7585:
7576:
7574:
7565:
7563:
7556:
7555:
7545:
7543:
7541:
7532:
7530:
7521:
7519:
7510:
7508:
7499:
7497:
7488:
7486:
7484:
7482:
7475:
7474:
7464:
7455:
7453:
7444:
7442:
7433:
7431:
7422:
7420:
7411:
7409:
7407:
7405:
7396:
7394:
7387:
7386:
7378:
7375:
7372:
7369:
7367:
7365:
7363:
7361:
7359:
7357:
7348:
7346:
7339:
7338:
7330:
7327:
7324:
7321:
7319:
7317:
7315:
7313:
7311:
7309:
7300:
7298:
7291:
7290:
7280:
7271:
7269:
7260:
7258:
7249:
7247:
7238:
7236:
7227:
7225:
7223:
7221:
7212:
7210:
7203:
7202:
7192:
7183:
7181:
7179:
7177:
7175:
7173:
7171:
7169:
7167:
7165:
7163:
7161:
7159:
7157:
7150:
7149:
7139:
7130:
7128:
7119:
7117:
7108:
7106:
7097:
7095:
7093:
7091:
7084:
7083:
7073:
7064:
7062:
7053:
7051:
7042:
7040:
7031:
7029:
7027:
7025:
7023:
7021:
7012:
7010:
7003:
7002:
6992:
6983:
6981:
6972:
6970:
6961:
6959:
6950:
6948:
6946:
6944:
6937:
6936:
6926:
6917:
6915:
6906:
6904:
6895:
6893:
6884:
6882:
6873:
6871:
6869:
6867:
6858:
6856:
6849:
6848:
6838:
6829:
6827:
6818:
6816:
6807:
6805:
6796:
6794:
6792:
6790:
6788:
6786:
6777:
6775:
6768:
6767:
6757:
6748:
6746:
6737:
6735:
6726:
6724:
6715:
6713:
6704:
6702:
6693:
6691:
6682:
6680:
6673:
6672:
6653:
6644:
6642:
6640:
6638:
6636:
6634:
6632:
6630:
6628:
6626:
6624:
6622:
6620:
6613:
6612:
6607:
6602:
6596:
6595:
6592:
6591:Reconstructed
6589:
6584:
6579:
6574:
6568:
6567:
6562:
6469:
6466:
6465:
6464:
6374:
6361:uvular plosive
6289:Sefer Yetzirah
6199:
6196:
6188:
6187:
6178:
6175:
6162:
6155:
6142:
6129:
6128:
6119:
6116:
6103:
6096:
6083:
6069:
6068:
6059:
6056:
6043:
6030:
6029:
6020:
6017:
6005:
5987:
5986:
5977:
5974:
5962:
5949:
5948:
5939:
5936:
5917:
5903:
5902:
5893:
5890:
5878:
5860:
5859:
5842:
5838:
5837:
5829:
5828:
5818:
5817:
5796:
5791:
5778:
5764:
5763:
5760:
5757:
5739:
5736:
5699:
5698:
5691:
5678:
5641:
5625:
5616:
5597:
5587:
5586:
5535:
5526:
5513:
5497:
5488:
5482:
5478:
5477:
5470:
5464:
5443:
5434:
5428:
5424:
5423:
5421:
5420:
5413:
5409:
5407:
5400:
5381:
5360:
5351:
5345:
5341:
5340:
5337:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5321:
5317:
5316:
5297:
5296:
5290:
5288:
5281:
5278:
5269:
5267:(non standard)
5251:
5250:or double Vav
5245:
5244:
5238:
5236:
5230:
5227:
5218:
5212:
5208:
5207:
5201:
5199:
5191:
5188:
5179:
5173:
5169:
5168:
5162:
5160:
5152:
5149:
5140:
5134:
5130:
5129:
5126:
5121:
5116:
5113:
5109:
5108:
5083:⟩, and
5034:
5031:
5030:
5029:
5018:
5003:
4996:
4981:
4956:
4955:
4949:
4946:
4943:
4937:
4931:
4928:
4925:
4919:
4913:
4912:
4906:
4903:
4900:
4894:
4888:
4885:
4882:
4874:
4868:
4867:
4861:
4858:
4855:
4849:
4843:
4840:
4837:
4831:
4825:
4824:
4821:
4816:
4813:
4810:
4807:
4802:
4799:
4795:
4794:
4791:
4788:
4673:Main article:
4670:
4667:
4644:Historically,
4640:
4639:
4633:
4628:
4625:
4620:
4610:
4609:
4603:
4598:
4595:
4590:
4580:
4579:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4563:
4516:
4513:
4487:
4486:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4458:
4452:
4443:
4436:
4435:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4407:
4398:
4392:
4387:
4378:
4371:
4370:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4335:
4326:
4319:
4318:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4283:
4278:
4269:
4262:
4261:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4232:
4227:
4218:
4211:
4210:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4177:
4171:
4166:
4157:
4150:
4149:
4147:/ˈsˤɔðisœˈfiθ/
4144:
4142:/ˈtsadiksofit/
4139:
4130:
4125:
4119:
4112:
4111:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4083:
4078:
4072:
4067:
4058:
4051:
4050:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4017:
4011:
4002:
3995:
3994:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3961:
3955:
3946:
3939:
3938:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3905:
3899:
3890:
3883:
3882:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3849:
3843:
3838:
3829:
3822:
3821:
3804:When ʔ, as in
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3778:
3772:
3767:
3742:
3735:
3734:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3698:
3696:
3691:
3682:
3675:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3648:
3641:
3640:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3605:
3600:
3591:
3584:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3557:
3550:
3549:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3514:
3509:
3500:
3493:
3492:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3457:
3452:
3443:
3436:
3435:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3400:
3383:
3376:
3375:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3340:
3331:
3324:
3323:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3288:
3279:
3272:
3271:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3236:
3231:
3222:
3215:
3214:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3181:
3175:
3170:
3161:
3154:
3153:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3118:
3113:
3104:
3097:
3096:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3061:
3056:
3054:
3047:
3046:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3011:
3005:
3000:
2991:
2984:
2983:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2948:
2943:
2934:
2927:
2926:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2893:
2887:
2882:
2873:
2866:
2865:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2840:
2831:
2824:
2823:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2795:
2786:
2780:
2775:
2766:
2759:
2758:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2733:
2731:
2724:
2723:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2688:
2683:
2674:
2667:
2666:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2638:
2633:
2627:
2618:
2611:
2610:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2582:
2577:
2571:
2566:
2557:
2550:
2549:
2533:When ʔ, as in
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2505:
2500:
2483:
2476:
2475:
2470:
2454:
2445:
2432:
2423:
2418:
2410:
2409:
2404:
2402:Name of letter
2399:
2392:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2328:Masoretic text
2316:A reversal to
2258:
2255:
2252:
2251:
2245:
2239:
2233:
2226:
2225:
2219:
2213:
2207:
2201:
2195:
2189:
2183:
2177:
2171:
2165:
2158:
2157:
2150:
2141:
2134:
2127:
2120:
2111:
2104:
2097:
2088:
2081:
2073:
2072:
2065:
2064:
2058:
2052:
2046:
2040:
2034:
2028:
2022:
2016:
2010:
2004:
1997:
1996:
1989:
1982:
1975:
1968:
1961:
1952:
1943:
1936:
1929:
1920:
1870:
1867:
1755:), or
1725:
1722:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1698:
1697:
1696:
1691:
1683:
1682:
1678:
1677:
1676:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1652:
1651:
1647:
1646:
1645:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1626:
1625:
1621:
1620:
1619:
1618:
1613:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1599:
1598:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1574:
1573:
1569:
1568:
1567:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1548:
1547:
1543:
1542:
1365:
1362:
1331:Persian Empire
1292: 700 BCE
1254:Gezer calendar
1238:Main article:
1232:Book of Joshua
1224:Masoretic Text
1194:
1191:
1080:cursive Hebrew
957:
956:
952:
951:
950:
949:
943:
942:
941:
940:
939:
921:
920:
919:
918:
917:
900:
894:
883:
882:
881:
864:
858:
852:
846:
845:
844:
838:
832:
831:
830:
824:
818:
812:
806:
800:
776:
775:
774:
768:
767:
766:
765:
764:
763:
762:
751:
750:
749:
720:
719:
718:
717:
716:
698:
692:
691:
690:
672:
671:
670:
667:Square Aramaic
658:
657:
656:
655:
654:
653:
652:
640:
639:
638:
626:
625:
624:
618:
612:
585:
573:
572:
571:
552:
549:
548:
542:
531:
525:
524:
523:
522:
521:
520:
519:
503:
502:
501:
484:
472:Proto-Sinaitic
466:
465:
464:
463:
462:
415:
414:
409:
408:
396:, you may see
384:
377:
376:
375:
372:
371:
365:⟩, see
338:
337:
335:
334:
327:
319:
317:
312:
309:
308:
305:
302:
299:
298:
292:
291:
282:
276:
275:
271:
270:
268:
267:
262:
257:
252:
247:
242:
239:
234:
229:
223:
221:
219:Sister systems
218:
215:
214:
212:
211:
206:
200:
198:
195:
192:
191:
189:
188:
187:
186:
185:
184:
183:
182:
160:
158:
156:Parent systems
155:
152:
151:
147:
146:
117:
113:
112:
107:
103:
102:
89:
85:
84:
81:
78:
75:
74:
69:
67:
63:
62:
54:
53:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
22876:
22865:
22862:
22860:
22857:
22855:
22852:
22850:
22847:
22845:
22842:
22840:
22837:
22835:
22832:
22830:
22827:
22826:
22824:
22809:
22806:
22804:
22801:
22799:
22796:
22794:
22791:
22789:
22786:
22782:
22779:
22778:
22777:
22774:
22773:
22770:
22761:
22758:
22755:
22752:
22749:
22746:
22743:
22740:
22737:
22734:
22731:
22728:
22725:
22722:
22719:
22716:
22713:
22710:
22707:
22704:
22701:
22698:
22697:
22694:
22692:
22691:
22685:
22683:
22681:
22680:
22674:
22672:
22670:
22669:
22663:
22661:
22659:
22658:
22652:
22650:
22648:
22647:
22641:
22639:
22637:
22636:
22630:
22628:
22626:
22625:
22619:
22617:
22615:
22614:
22608:
22606:
22604:
22603:
22597:
22595:
22593:
22592:
22586:
22584:
22582:
22581:
22575:
22573:
22571:
22570:
22564:
22562:
22560:
22559:
22553:
22551:
22549:
22548:
22542:
22540:
22538:
22537:
22531:
22529:
22527:
22526:
22520:
22518:
22516:
22515:
22509:
22507:
22505:
22504:
22498:
22496:
22494:
22493:
22487:
22485:
22483:
22482:
22476:
22474:
22472:
22471:
22465:
22463:
22461:
22460:
22454:
22453:
22448:
22444:
22436:
22431:
22429:
22424:
22422:
22417:
22416:
22413:
22396:
22392:
22389:
22385:
22382:
22378:
22377:
22375:
22371:
22364:
22360:
22357:
22356:Night writing
22353:
22350:
22346:
22343:
22339:
22336:
22332:
22331:
22329:
22327:
22322:
22315:
22311:
22308:
22304:
22301:
22297:
22294:
22290:
22287:
22283:
22280:
22276:
22273:
22269:
22268:
22266:
22264:Organisations
22262:
22255:
22251:
22248:
22244:
22241:
22237:
22234:
22230:
22227:
22226:Valentin Haüy
22223:
22220:
22216:
22213:
22209:
22206:
22205:Louis Braille
22202:
22201:
22199:
22195:
22188:
22184:
22181:
22177:
22174:
22170:
22167:
22163:
22160:
22156:
22153:
22149:
22146:
22142:
22139:
22138:Braille watch
22135:
22132:
22128:
22125:
22121:
22118:
22114:
22113:
22111:
22109:
22105:
22098:
22094:
22091:
22087:
22083:
22079:
22076:
22072:
22069:
22065:
22062:
22061:Braille music
22058:
22057:
22055:
22051:
22039:
22035:
22032:
22028:
22025:
22024:Luxembourgish
22021:
22020:
22018:
22014:
22007:
22003:
22000:
21996:
21991:
21987:
21984:
21980:
21977:
21973:
21970:
21966:
21965:
21961:
21960:
21958:
21954:
21946:
21942:
21941:
21939:
21935:
21927:
21923:
21922:
21920:
21916:
21905:
21901:
21897:
21893:
21890:
21886:
21882:
21878:
21875:
21871:
21868:
21864:
21861:
21857:
21853:
21849:
21846:
21842:
21839:
21835:
21832:
21828:
21827:
21825:
21823:Other scripts
21821:
21813:
21809:
21806:
21802:
21799:
21795:
21792:
21788:
21785:
21781:
21778:
21774:
21771:
21767:
21764:
21760:
21757:
21753:
21750:
21746:
21743:
21739:
21738:
21736:
21734:
21727:
21719:
21715:
21712:
21708:
21705:
21701:
21700:
21698:
21695:
21688:
21681:
21677:
21674:
21670:
21667:
21663:
21660:
21656:
21653:
21649:
21646:
21642:
21639:
21635:
21632:
21628:
21627:
21625:
21622:
21615:
21604:
21599:
21596:
21595:Northern Sámi
21592:
21587:
21582:
21577:
21576:
21574:
21570:
21567:
21563:
21560:
21556:
21553:
21549:
21548:
21546:
21544:Nordic family
21542:
21535:
21531:
21528:
21524:
21521:
21517:
21514:
21510:
21507:
21503:
21499:
21495:
21492:
21488:
21485:
21484:South African
21481:
21478:
21474:
21471:
21467:
21464:
21460:
21457:
21453:
21450:
21446:
21443:
21439:
21436:
21432:
21429:
21425:
21422:
21418:
21415:
21411:
21407:
21406:Luxembourgish
21403:
21400:
21396:
21393:
21389:
21386:
21382:
21379:
21375:
21372:
21368:
21365:
21361:
21358:
21354:
21351:
21347:
21344:
21340:
21337:
21333:
21330:
21326:
21323:
21319:
21316:
21312:
21308:
21304:
21300:
21297:
21293:
21290:
21286:
21282:
21278:
21275:
21271:
21268:
21264:
21261:
21257:
21254:
21250:
21249:
21247:
21245:
21241:
21238:
21234:
21227:
21223:
21220:
21219:ASCII braille
21216:
21213:
21209:
21206:
21202:
21201:
21199:
21195:
21187:
21180:
21175:
21173:
21168:
21166:
21161:
21160:
21157:
21153:
21135:
21132:
21130:
21127:
21125:
21122:
21120:
21117:
21115:
21112:
21110:
21107:
21105:
21102:
21100:
21097:
21095:
21092:
21090:
21087:
21085:
21082:
21080:
21077:
21075:
21072:
21070:
21067:
21063:
21060:
21058:
21055:
21053:
21050:
21048:
21045:
21043:
21040:
21038:
21035:
21034:
21033:
21030:
21028:
21025:
21023:
21020:
21018:
21015:
21013:
21010:
21008:
21005:
21003:
21000:
20998:
20995:
20993:
20990:
20988:
20985:
20983:
20980:
20978:
20975:
20973:
20970:
20968:
20965:
20963:
20960:
20959:
20956:
20952:
20947:
20943:
20933:
20930:
20928:
20925:
20923:
20920:
20918:
20915:
20914:
20911:
20907:
20902:
20898:
20884:
20881:
20879:
20876:
20874:
20871:
20869:
20866:
20864:
20861:
20859:
20856:
20855:
20853:
20849:
20843:
20840:
20838:
20835:
20833:
20830:
20828:
20825:
20823:
20820:
20818:
20815:
20814:
20812:
20808:
20804:
20800:
20795:
20791:
20777:
20774:
20773:
20771:
20767:
20761:
20758:
20756:
20753:
20751:
20750:Attic (Greek)
20748:
20746:
20743:
20741:
20738:
20737:
20735:
20731:
20725:
20722:
20720:
20717:
20715:
20712:
20711:
20709:
20705:
20699:
20696:
20694:
20691:
20689:
20688:Proto-Elamite
20686:
20684:
20681:
20679:
20676:
20674:
20671:
20669:
20666:
20664:
20661:
20660:
20658:
20654:
20648:
20645:
20643:
20640:
20638:
20635:
20633:
20630:
20628:
20625:
20623:
20620:
20619:
20617:
20615:
20611:
20601:
20598:
20596:
20593:
20591:
20588:
20586:
20583:
20582:
20580:
20576:
20570:
20567:
20565:
20562:
20560:
20557:
20555:
20552:
20550:
20547:
20543:
20540:
20538:
20535:
20533:
20530:
20529:
20528:
20525:
20523:
20520:
20518:
20515:
20513:
20510:
20508:
20505:
20504:
20502:
20500:
20496:
20493:
20491:
20487:
20483:
20479:
20474:
20470:
20460:
20457:
20455:
20452:
20450:
20447:
20445:
20442:
20440:
20437:
20435:
20432:
20430:
20427:
20425:
20422:
20420:
20417:
20415:
20412:
20410:
20407:
20405:
20402:
20400:
20397:
20395:
20392:
20390:
20387:
20385:
20382:
20380:
20377:
20375:
20372:
20371:
20368:
20364:
20359:
20355:
20341:
20338:
20336:
20333:
20331:
20328:
20326:
20323:
20321:
20318:
20316:
20313:
20312:
20310:
20306:
20300:
20297:
20295:
20292:
20290:
20287:
20285:
20282:
20280:
20277:
20275:
20272:
20270:
20267:
20265:
20262:
20260:
20257:
20255:
20252:
20250:
20247:
20245:
20242:
20240:
20237:
20235:
20232:
20228:
20225:
20223:
20220:
20218:
20215:
20213:
20210:
20208:
20205:
20203:
20202:Elder Futhark
20200:
20198:
20195:
20193:
20190:
20188:
20185:
20184:
20183:
20180:
20178:
20175:
20173:
20170:
20168:
20165:
20163:
20160:
20158:
20155:
20153:
20150:
20144:
20141:
20139:
20136:
20134:
20131:
20129:
20126:
20124:
20121:
20120:
20119:
20116:
20115:
20114:
20111:
20109:
20106:
20104:
20101:
20099:
20096:
20094:
20093:Old Hungarian
20091:
20089:
20086:
20084:
20081:
20079:
20076:
20074:
20071:
20069:
20066:
20064:
20061:
20059:
20056:
20054:
20051:
20049:
20046:
20044:
20041:
20039:
20036:
20032:
20029:
20027:
20024:
20022:
20019:
20017:
20014:
20012:
20009:
20007:
20004:
20002:
19999:
19997:
19994:
19992:
19989:
19987:
19984:
19982:
19979:
19977:
19974:
19972:
19969:
19967:
19964:
19963:
19962:
19959:
19957:
19954:
19952:
19949:
19947:
19944:
19942:
19939:
19937:
19934:
19932:
19929:
19927:
19924:
19921:
19917:
19914:
19912:
19909:
19907:
19904:
19902:
19899:
19897:
19894:
19890:
19887:
19885:
19882:
19880:
19877:
19876:
19875:
19872:
19870:
19867:
19865:
19862:
19860:
19857:
19855:
19852:
19850:
19847:
19845:
19842:
19840:
19837:
19835:
19832:
19830:
19827:
19825:
19822:
19818:
19815:
19814:
19813:
19810:
19808:
19805:
19801:
19798:
19796:
19793:
19792:
19791:
19788:
19786:
19783:
19781:
19778:
19776:
19773:
19771:
19768:
19766:
19763:
19761:
19758:
19756:
19753:
19751:
19748:
19744:
19741:
19740:
19739:
19736:
19734:
19731:
19729:
19726:
19724:
19721:
19720:
19718:
19714:
19710:
19706:
19701:
19697:
19683:
19680:
19678:
19675:
19673:
19670:
19668:
19665:
19663:
19660:
19658:
19655:
19653:
19650:
19648:
19645:
19643:
19640:
19638:
19635:
19633:
19630:
19628:
19627:Masaram Gondi
19625:
19623:
19620:
19618:
19615:
19613:
19610:
19608:
19605:
19603:
19600:
19598:
19597:Gunjala Gondi
19595:
19593:
19590:
19588:
19585:
19583:
19580:
19576:
19573:
19571:
19568:
19567:
19566:
19563:
19561:
19558:
19556:
19553:
19552:
19550:
19546:
19534:
19531:
19529:
19526:
19525:
19524:
19521:
19517:
19514:
19512:
19509:
19507:
19504:
19502:
19499:
19497:
19494:
19492:
19489:
19487:
19484:
19483:
19482:
19479:
19477:
19474:
19472:
19469:
19467:
19464:
19462:
19459:
19457:
19454:
19452:
19449:
19447:
19444:
19442:
19439:
19437:
19434:
19432:
19429:
19427:
19424:
19422:
19419:
19417:
19414:
19410:
19409:Old Sundanese
19407:
19406:
19405:
19402:
19400:
19397:
19395:
19392:
19390:
19387:
19385:
19382:
19380:
19377:
19375:
19372:
19370:
19367:
19363:
19360:
19358:
19355:
19354:
19353:
19352:Old Maldivian
19350:
19348:
19345:
19343:
19340:
19336:
19335:Bilang-bilang
19333:
19332:
19331:
19328:
19326:
19323:
19321:
19318:
19316:
19313:
19311:
19308:
19306:
19303:
19299:
19296:
19295:
19294:
19291:
19289:
19286:
19284:
19281:
19279:
19276:
19274:
19271:
19269:
19266:
19264:
19261:
19259:
19256:
19254:
19251:
19249:
19246:
19244:
19241:
19239:
19236:
19234:
19231:
19229:
19226:
19224:
19221:
19219:
19216:
19214:
19211:
19209:
19206:
19204:
19201:
19200:
19198:
19194:
19188:
19185:
19183:
19180:
19176:
19173:
19171:
19168:
19167:
19166:
19163:
19161:
19158:
19156:
19155:Sylheti Nagri
19153:
19151:
19148:
19146:
19143:
19141:
19138:
19136:
19133:
19129:
19126:
19125:
19124:
19121:
19117:
19114:
19112:
19109:
19107:
19104:
19102:
19099:
19097:
19094:
19092:
19089:
19087:
19084:
19082:
19079:
19077:
19074:
19072:
19069:
19067:
19064:
19062:
19059:
19058:
19057:
19054:
19052:
19049:
19047:
19044:
19042:
19039:
19037:
19034:
19032:
19029:
19027:
19024:
19022:
19019:
19017:
19014:
19012:
19009:
19007:
19004:
19002:
18999:
18997:
18994:
18992:
18989:
18987:
18984:
18982:
18979:
18977:
18974:
18972:
18969:
18967:
18964:
18962:
18959:
18957:
18956:Brahmi script
18954:
18952:
18949:
18947:
18944:
18943:
18941:
18937:
18934:
18932:
18928:
18924:
18920:
18915:
18911:
18901:
18898:
18896:
18893:
18889:
18886:
18884:
18881:
18879:
18876:
18875:
18874:
18871:
18869:
18866:
18862:
18859:
18857:
18854:
18853:
18852:
18851:South Arabian
18849:
18847:
18844:
18842:
18839:
18837:
18834:
18832:
18829:
18825:
18822:
18821:
18820:
18817:
18815:
18812:
18808:
18805:
18803:
18800:
18798:
18797:Inscriptional
18795:
18793:
18790:
18789:
18788:
18785:
18783:
18780:
18778:
18775:
18773:
18770:
18768:
18765:
18763:
18760:
18756:
18753:
18751:
18748:
18746:
18743:
18741:
18738:
18737:
18736:
18733:
18731:
18728:
18726:
18723:
18719:
18716:
18715:
18714:
18711:
18707:
18704:
18703:
18702:
18699:
18698:
18695:
18694:
18690:
18689:
18686:
18682:
18677:
18673:
18669:
18665:
18660:
18656:
18646:
18642:
18638:
18635:
18633:
18630:
18628:
18625:
18624:
18623:
18620:
18619:
18617:
18613:
18607:
18604:
18602:
18599:
18598:
18596:
18592:
18588:
18584:
18580:
18573:
18568:
18566:
18561:
18559:
18554:
18553:
18550:
18538:
18537:
18533:
18531:
18530:
18526:
18524:
18523:
18519:
18517:
18516:
18512:
18510:
18509:
18505:
18504:
18502:
18498:
18492:
18489:
18487:
18484:
18482:
18479:
18476:
18472:
18468:
18465:
18463:
18460:
18458:
18455:
18453:
18450:
18448:
18445:
18443:
18440:
18439:
18437:
18433:
18427:
18424:
18422:
18419:
18417:
18414:
18412:
18409:
18407:
18406:Semitic roots
18404:
18402:
18399:
18398:
18395:
18392:
18390:
18387:
18386:
18384:
18382:
18378:
18372:
18369:
18367:
18365:
18362:
18360:
18359:Modern Hebrew
18357:
18355:
18352:
18351:
18349:
18347:
18343:
18333:
18330:
18328:
18325:
18323:
18320:
18318:
18315:
18313:
18310:
18308:
18305:
18303:
18300:
18298:
18295:
18294:
18292:
18290:
18286:
18280:
18277:
18275:
18274:Abbreviations
18272:
18270:
18269:
18265:
18263:
18259:
18255:
18252:
18251:
18249:
18247:
18243:
18237:
18234:
18232:
18229:
18227:
18224:
18222:
18219:
18217:
18214:
18212:
18211:Kubutz/shuruk
18209:
18207:
18204:
18202:
18199:
18197:
18194:
18192:
18189:
18187:
18184:
18182:
18179:
18177:
18174:
18173:
18170:
18167:
18165:
18162:
18160:
18157:
18155:
18152:
18151:
18149:
18147:
18143:
18137:
18134:
18132:
18129:
18127:
18124:
18122:
18119:
18117:
18114:
18112:
18109:
18107:
18104:
18102:
18099:
18097:
18094:
18092:
18089:
18087:
18084:
18082:
18079:
18077:
18074:
18072:
18069:
18067:
18064:
18062:
18059:
18057:
18054:
18052:
18049:
18047:
18044:
18042:
18039:
18037:
18034:
18032:
18029:
18028:
18026:
18024:
18020:
18014:
18011:
18009:
18006:
18004:
18001:
17999:
17996:
17994:
17991:
17989:
17986:
17984:
17981:
17980:
17978:
17974:
17968:
17965:
17964:
17962:
17958:
17955:
17951:
17942:
17939:
17934:
17931:
17926:
17923:
17921:
17918:
17916:
17913:
17909:
17904:
17901:
17899:
17896:
17894:
17891:
17889:
17886:
17885:
17883:
17879:
17873:
17870:
17868:
17865:
17863:
17860:
17856:
17851:
17848:
17847:
17845:
17841:
17835:
17832:
17830:
17826:
17823:
17821:
17818:
17816:
17813:
17811:
17808:
17806:
17803:
17802:
17800:
17796:
17792:
17785:
17780:
17778:
17773:
17771:
17766:
17765:
17762:
17755:
17751:
17748:
17745:
17742:
17739:
17736:
17733:
17732:
17723:
17720:
17718:
17715:
17713:
17710:
17709:
17696:
17695:
17690:
17686:
17681:
17677:
17671:
17667:
17666:
17660:
17658:
17656:
17651:
17647:
17645:9780802825421
17641:
17637:
17633:
17629:
17625:
17624:
17618:
17614:
17610:
17606:
17602:
17598:
17594:
17590:
17586:
17582:
17577:
17573:
17571:9780664229740
17567:
17563:
17562:
17556:
17553:
17547:
17535:
17534:
17523:
17518:
17516:
17506:
17497:
17488:
17479:
17468:
17461:
17455:
17453:
17451:
17449:
17447:
17438:
17432:
17425:
17421:
17416:
17408:
17402:
17394:
17388:
17384:
17377:
17370:
17366:
17363:
17358:
17356:
17354:
17352:
17350:
17348:
17346:
17344:
17342:
17330:
17312:
17302:
17300:
17298:
17296:
17287:
17281:
17273:
17266:
17259:
17244:
17240:
17234:
17227:
17221:
17214:
17209:
17202:
17197:
17190:
17185:
17179:, p. 75.
17178:
17173:
17166:
17161:
17153:
17147:
17143:
17136:
17129:
17125:
17119:
17112:
17108:
17102:
17095:
17090:
17088:
17079:
17072:
17066:
17064:
17062:
17060:
17052:
17047:
17040:
17035:
17029:, p. 16.
17028:
17023:
17015:
17009:
17005:
17004:
16996:
16988:
16981:
16975:
16970:
16964:
16960:
16957:
16952:
16946:
16942:
16939:
16934:
16926:
16920:
16916:
16915:
16907:
16899:
16892:
16885:
16881:
16877:
16873:
16869:
16865:
16861:
16857:
16851:
16841:
16832:
16824:
16820:
16816:
16812:
16808:
16804:
16800:
16796:
16789:
16782:
16781:
16776:
16770:
16766:
16751:
16747:
16744:
16741:
16737:
16731:
16727:
16723:
16719:
16713:
16705:
16698:
16693:
16689:
16680:
16678:
16672:
16656:
16650:
16647:
16646:Modern Hebrew
16619:
16615:
16611:
16583:
16579:
16578:
16547:
16543:
16539:
16535:
16531:
16527:
16523:
16516:, and
16506:
16504:
16500:
16495:
16475:
16473:
16459:
16456:
16453:
16450:
16448:
16445:
16443:
16440:
16438:
16435:
16433:
16430:
16428:
16425:
16423:
16420:
16418:
16415:
16413:
16410:
16409:
16403:
16401:
16397:
16392:
16390:
16386:
16382:
16378:
16374:
16373:
16368:
16364:
16360:
16356:
16347:
16342:
16338:
16328:
16326:
16322:
16304:
16300:
16277:
16264:
16260:
16243:
16239:
16229:
16227:
16210:
16175:
16174:countable set
16171:
16153:
16140:
16130:
16128:
16124:
16123:Mishna Berura
16118:
16112:
16111:
16104:
16102:
16098:
16094:
16089:
16087:
16083:
16079:
16075:
16068:
16063:
16059:
16057:
16053:
16049:
16045:
16044:Sefer Yezirah
16040:
16038:
16034:
16030:
16026:
16019:Religious use
16016:
16014:
16002:
15990:
15974:
15968:
15956:
15951:
15931:
15925:
15918:
15914:
15906:
15898:
15893:, which like
15890:
15875:
15871:
15839:
15836:
15831:
15821:
15815:
15805:
15782:
15763:
15760:
15759:
15744:
15736:
15725:
15724:
15721:
15719:
15716:
15713:
15705:
15704:
15701:
15697:
15692:
15689:
15686:
15678:
15677:
15672:
15662:
15655:
15651:
15650:
15645:
15635:
15630:
15614:
15611:
15609:
15606:
15603:
15595:
15594:
15591:
15587:
15582:
15580:
15578:
15575:
15567:
15566:
15563:
15559:
15554:
15551:
15548:
15540:
15539:
15536:
15534:
15532:
15529:
15521:
15520:
15517:
15515:
15513:
15510:
15502:
15501:
15498:
15494:
15487:
15483:
15482:
15479:
15475:
15470:
15444:
15441:
15437:
15430:
15426:
15425:
15420:
15413:word position
15409:
15407:
15399:
15379:
15376:
15374:
15372:
15369:
15361:
15360:
15357:
15355:
15353:
15350:
15342:
15341:
15338:
15336:
15334:
15331:
15323:
15322:
15319:
15317:
15315:
15312:
15304:
15303:
15298:
15293:
15289:
15279:
15274:
15271:
15268:
15260:
15259:
15256:
15254:
15252:
15249:
15241:
15240:
15229:
15224:
15214:
15209:
15206:
15203:
15186:
15185:
15182:
15180:
15178:
15175:
15160:
15159:
15156:
15152:
15147:
15145:
15142:
15129:
15128:
15125:
15123:
15120:
15117:
15109:
15108:
15105:
15101:
15094:
15089:
15084:
15079:
15075:
15065:
15060:
15045:
15042:
15038:
15033:
15031:
15029:
15026:
15018:
15017:
15014:
15012:
15010:
15007:
14999:
14998:
14993:
14983:
14978:
14976:
14974:
14971:
14963:
14962:
14959:
14957:
14955:
14952:
14944:
14943:
14940:
14938:
14935:
14932:
14919:
14918:
14915:
14913:
14911:
14908:
14904:
14891:
14890:
14887:
14885:
14883:
14880:
14867:
14866:
14862:
14854:
14853:
14845:
14834:
14833:
14830:
14826:
14821:
14819:
14817:
14814:
14806:
14805:
14801:
14793:
14792:
14784:
14773:
14772:
14769:
14767:
14765:
14762:
14754:
14753:
14750:
14748:
14746:
14743:
14735:
14734:
14731:
14729:
14727:
14724:
14720:
14707:
14706:
14703:
14699:
14694:
14689:
14684:
14667:
14666:
14661:
14656:
14654:
14652:
14649:
14645:
14628:
14627:
14623:transcription
14621:
14617:
14613:
14608:transcription
14606:
14602:
14598:
14593:
14582:
14577:
14566:
14561:Hebrew letter
14559:
14558:
14541:
14526:
14500:
14499:
14496:
14494:
14492:
14490:
14487:
14484:
14481:
14478:
14473:
14466:
14458:
14457:
14454:
14449:
14445:
14440:
14437:
14434:
14431:
14428:
14423:
14416:
14408:
14407:
14397:
14387:
14380:
14376:
14375:
14369:
14365:
14355:
14350:
14315:
14312:
14310:
14308:
14306:
14303:
14300:
14297:
14294:
14289:
14282:
14274:
14273:
14270:
14268:
14265:/ˈrit͡ʃrat͡ʃ/
14263:
14259:
14254:
14252:
14250:
14247:
14245:
14242:
14237:
14230:
14222:
14221:
14218:
14216:
14211:
14207:
14202:
14199:
14196:
14193:
14190:
14185:
14178:
14170:
14169:
14166:
14164:
14162:
14160:
14158:
14156:
14153:
14150:
14145:
14138:
14130:
14129:
14126:
14124:
14122:
14120:
14118:
14116:
14113:
14110:
14105:
14098:
14090:
14089:
14086:
14084:
14079:
14075:
14068:
14064:
14063:
14060:
14058:
14053:
14049:
14044:
13992:
13989:
13987:
13978:
13971:
13967:
13966:
13963:
13959:
13952:word position
13948:
13946:
13944:
13924:
13916:
13889:
13886:
13884:
13882:
13880:
13878:
13876:
13873:
13870:
13865:
13858:
13850:
13849:
13846:
13844:
13842:
13840:
13838:
13836:
13833:
13830:
13825:
13818:
13810:
13809:
13806:
13804:
13802:
13800:
13798:
13796:
13793:
13790:
13785:
13778:
13770:
13769:
13766:
13764:
13762:
13760:
13758:
13756:
13753:
13750:
13745:
13738:
13730:
13729:
13726:
13722:
13717:
13712:
13708:
13698:
13693:
13690:
13687:
13684:
13681:
13676:
13669:
13661:
13660:
13657:
13655:
13653:
13651:
13649:
13647:
13644:
13641:
13636:
13629:
13621:
13620:
13614:
13604:
13599:
13588:
13578:
13573:
13570:
13567:
13564:
13561:
13556:
13549:
13532:
13531:
13528:
13526:
13524:
13522:
13520:
13518:
13515:
13512:
13507:
13500:
13485:
13484:
13481:
13479:
13474:
13470:
13465:
13463:
13461:
13458:
13455:
13450:
13443:
13430:
13429:
13426:
13424:
13422:
13420:
13417:
13414:
13411:
13408:
13403:
13396:
13388:
13387:
13384:
13382:
13376:
13369:
13364:
13361:
13357:
13352:
13347:
13343:
13333:
13328:
13295:
13292:
13290:
13285:
13281:
13276:
13274:
13272:
13269:
13267:
13264:
13259:
13252:
13244:
13243:
13240:
13238:
13236:
13234:
13232:
13230:
13227:
13224:
13219:
13212:
13204:
13203:
13200:
13196:
13186:
13181:
13179:
13177:
13175:
13173:
13170:
13167:
13162:
13155:
13147:
13146:
13143:
13141:
13139:
13137:
13135:
13133:
13130:
13127:
13122:
13115:
13107:
13106:
13103:
13101:
13099:
13097:
13094:
13091:
13088:
13085:
13080:
13073:
13060:
13059:
13056:
13054:
13052:
13050:
13048:
13046:
13043:
13040:
13036:
13031:
13024:
13011:
13010:
13007:
13005:
13003:
13001:
12999:
12997:
12994:
12991:
12986:
12979:
12966:
12965:
12961:
12953:
12952:
12937:
12911:
12910:
12907:
12905:
12900:
12896:
12891:
12889:
12887:
12884:
12882:
12879:
12874:
12867:
12859:
12858:
12854:
12846:
12845:
12830:
12804:
12803:
12800:
12798:
12796:
12794:
12792:
12790:
12787:
12784:
12779:
12772:
12764:
12763:
12760:
12758:
12756:
12754:
12752:
12750:
12747:
12744:
12739:
12732:
12724:
12723:
12720:
12718:
12716:
12714:
12712:
12710:
12707:
12704:
12700:
12695:
12688:
12675:
12674:
12671:
12669:
12664:
12660:
12655:
12648:
12643:
12636:
12631:
12626:
12619:
12602:
12601:
12598:
12594:
12589:
12587:
12585:
12583:
12581:
12578:
12575:
12571:
12566:
12559:
12542:
12541:
12535:
12532:transcription
12530:
12526:
12522:
12515:
12512:transcription
12510:
12506:
12502:
12495:
12492:
12481:
12474:
12471:
12460:
12453:
12448:
12445:Hebrew letter
12443:
12442:
12437:
12434:
12430:
12423:
12418:
12414:
12410:
12402:
12398:
12395:
12391:
12388:
12384:
12381:
12377:
12374:
12370:
12366:
12362:
12361:
12360:
12357:
12355:
12354:Modern Hebrew
12349:
12345:
12341:
12337:
12333:
12323:
12305:
12298:, and
12275:
12270:
12265:
12262:
12257:
12252:
12251:
12247:
12242:
12237:
12234:
12229:
12224:
12223:
12219:
12214:
12209:
12206:
12201:
12196:
12195:
12191:
12186:
12181:
12178:
12173:
12168:
12167:
12163:
12158:
12153:
12150:
12145:
12140:
12139:
12135:
12130:
12125:
12122:
12117:
12112:
12109:
12104:
12099:
12098:
12094:
12089:
12084:
12081:
12076:
12071:
12068:
12063:
12058:
12057:
12053:
12048:
12043:
12040:
12035:
12030:
12027:
12022:
12017:
12016:
12012:
12007:
12002:
11999:
11994:
11989:
11986:
11981:
11976:
11975:
11971:numeric value
11969:
11964:
11961:numeric value
11959:
11954:
11951:numeric value
11949:
11944:
11943:
11937:
11933:
11928:
11924:
11922:
11918:
11915:
11911:
11895:
11888:
11873:
11869:
11865:
11861:
11857:
11853:
11843:
11842:
11837:
11830:
11822:
11818:
11811:
11807:
11804:
11803:
11790:
11786:
11783:
11779:
11776:
11773:
11769:
11766:
11762:
11753:
11752:
11748:
11744:
11741:
11737:
11734:
11731:
11727:
11724:
11720:
11711:
11710:
11706:
11702:
11699:
11695:
11692:
11689:
11685:
11682:
11678:
11669:
11668:
11664:
11660:
11657:
11653:
11650:
11647:
11643:
11640:
11636:
11627:
11626:
11622:
11618:
11615:
11611:
11602:
11601:
11597:
11591:
11584:
11574:
11570:
11567:
11563:
11554:
11553:
11549:
11545:
11542:
11538:
11529:
11528:
11524:
11517:
11507:
11503:
11500:
11496:
11487:
11486:
11482:
11478:
11475:
11471:
11468:
11465:
11461:
11458:
11454:
11445:
11444:
11440:
11436:
11433:
11429:
11426:
11423:
11419:
11416:
11412:
11403:
11402:
11398:
11394:
11391:
11387:
11378:
11377:
11373:
11366:
11356:
11352:
11349:
11345:
11336:
11335:
11331:
11327:
11324:
11320:
11311:
11310:
11306:
11299:
11289:
11285:
11282:
11278:
11269:
11268:
11264:
11260:
11257:
11253:
11250:
11247:
11243:
11240:
11236:
11227:
11226:
11222:
11218:
11215:
11211:
11202:
11201:
11197:
11190:
11180:
11176:
11173:
11169:
11160:
11159:
11155:
11151:
11148:
11144:
11141:
11138:
11134:
11131:
11127:
11118:
11117:
11113:
11109:
11106:
11102:
11099:
11096:
11092:
11089:
11085:
11076:
11075:
11071:
11067:
11064:
11060:
11057:
11054:
11050:
11047:
11043:
11034:
11033:
11029:
11025:
11022:
11018:
11015:
11012:
11008:
11005:
11001:
10992:
10991:
10987:
10983:
10980:
10976:
10973:
10970:
10966:
10963:
10959:
10950:
10949:
10945:
10941:
10938:
10934:
10931:
10928:
10924:
10921:
10917:
10908:
10907:
10903:
10899:
10896:
10892:
10889:
10886:
10882:
10879:
10875:
10866:
10865:
10861:
10857:
10854:
10850:
10847:
10844:
10840:
10837:
10833:
10824:
10823:
10819:
10815:
10812:
10808:
10805:
10802:
10798:
10795:
10791:
10782:
10781:
10777:
10773:
10770:
10766:
10763:
10760:
10756:
10753:
10749:
10740:
10739:
10735:
10731:
10728:
10724:
10721:
10717:
10714:
10710:
10707:
10703:
10700:
10695:
10692:
10687:
10686:
10680:Early modern
10677:Contemporary
10675:
10668:
10659:
10656:
10653:
10648:
10644:
10640:
10636:
10626:
10620:
10616:
10608:
10603:
10596:
10580:
10576:
10570:
10566:
10561:
10557:
10551:
10547:
10543:
10539:
10535:
10529:
10525:
10513:
10512:
10505:
10497:
10493:
10490:
10486:
10481:
10479:
10473:
10467:
10462:
10458:
10455:
10451:
10446:
10444:
10438:
10432:
10427:
10423:
10420:
10416:
10411:
10405:
10399:
10393:
10388:
10384:
10381:
10377:
10372:
10366:
10360:
10354:
10349:
10345:
10342:
10338:
10333:
10327:
10321:
10315:
10310:
10307:
10304:
10303:
10295:
10290:
10281:
10261:
10258:
10255:
10251:
10246:
10243:
10239:
10237:
10234:
10233:
10229:
10225:
10222:
10218:
10213:
10210:
10206:
10204:
10201:
10200:
10196:
10192:
10189:
10185:
10180:
10177:
10173:
10171:
10170:Reduced Segol
10168:
10167:
10163:
10159:
10157:
10152:
10149:
10146:
10142:
10137:
10132:
10129:
10125:
10123:
10120:
10119:
10113:
10111:
10108:
10106:
10103:
10102:
10099:
10089:
10086:
10084:
10081:
10075:
10074:
10067:
10057:
10055:
10054:Modern Hebrew
10051:
10047:
10043:
10042:
10035:
10025:
10022:
10014:
10009:
10008:
10003:
10002:
9997:
9996:
9991:
9986:
9982:
9978:
9974:
9970:
9965:
9956:
9953:
9950:
9946:
9944:
9941:
9940:
9936:
9925:
9918:
9915:
9909:
9907:
9904:
9903:
9900:
9897:
9891:
9889:
9886:
9885:
9881:
9870:
9863:
9860:
9857:
9853:
9851:
9848:
9847:
9843:
9839:
9835:
9832:
9827:
9819:
9814:
9812:
9809:
9806:
9802:
9800:
9797:
9796:
9792:
9788:
9785:
9781:
9776:
9774:
9771:
9768:
9764:
9762:
9759:
9758:
9754:
9750:
9747:
9743:
9738:
9736:
9733:
9730:
9726:
9724:
9721:
9720:
9716:
9712:
9708:
9705:
9701:
9697:
9687:
9682:
9680:
9677:
9674:
9670:
9668:
9665:
9664:
9660:
9656:
9653:
9649:
9644:
9642:
9639:
9636:
9632:
9630:
9627:
9626:
9620:
9618:
9615:
9613:
9610:
9609:
9606:
9593:
9590:
9584:
9580:
9579:
9562:
9559:
9551:
9546:
9543:
9535:
9528:
9514:
9511:
9505:
9500:
9497:
9491:
9480:
9466:
9463:
9460:
9451:
9449:
9446:
9440:
9435:
9432:
9429:
9424:
9422:
9419:
9413:
9404:
9397:
9390:
9379:
9372:
9367:
9366:
9363:
9362:
9361:
9339:
9331:
9323:
9315:
9306:
9288:
9284:
9280:
9277:
9275:
9271:
9268:
9267:
9257:
9252:
9247:
9241:
9236:
9230:
9225:
9219:
9214:
9208:
9203:
9197:
9190:
9184:
9179:
9174:
9168:
9163:
9157:
9152:
9146:
9141:
9135:
9130:
9119:
9113:
9108:
9095:
9089:
9084:
9079:
9073:
9068:
9062:
9057:
9051:
9046:
9040:
9035:
9029:
9024:
9018:
9013:
9007:
9000:
8994:
8989:
8984:
8978:
8973:
8967:
8962:
8956:
8951:
8945:
8940:
8934:
8929:
8923:
8918:
8912:
8905:
8899:
8894:
8889:
8883:
8878:
8872:
8867:
8861:
8856:
8848:
8842:
8837:
8829:
8823:
8818:
8810:
8804:
8800:
8793:
8787:
8782:
8777:
8771:
8766:
8760:
8755:
8749:
8744:
8734:
8724:
8718:
8713:
8707:
8702:
8696:
8691:
8685:
8678:
8672:
8667:
8663:
8656:
8652:
8645:
8640:
8634:
8629:
8623:
8618:
8612:
8605:
8599:
8594:
8589:
8583:
8578:
8572:
8567:
8561:
8556:
8550:
8545:
8539:
8534:
8528:
8523:
8517:
8510:
8504:
8499:
8494:
8488:
8483:
8477:
8472:
8466:
8461:
8455:
8450:
8444:
8439:
8433:
8428:
8422:
8415:
8409:
8404:
8400:
8396:
8391:
8385:
8380:
8374:
8369:
8367:
8363:
8356:
8350:
8341:
8336:
8331:
8325:
8320:
8314:
8309:
8303:
8298:
8292:
8287:
8281:
8276:
8270:
8265:
8259:
8252:
8246:
8241:
8236:
8230:
8225:
8219:
8214:
8208:
8203:
8197:
8192:
8186:
8181:
8175:
8170:
8164:
8157:
8151:
8146:
8141:
8135:
8130:
8124:
8119:
8113:
8108:
8102:
8097:
8091:
8086:
8080:
8075:
8069:
8062:
8056:
8051:
8046:
8040:
8035:
8029:
8024:
8018:
8013:
8007:
8002:
7996:
7992:
7987:
7981:
7974:
7968:
7963:
7958:
7952:
7947:
7941:
7936:
7930:
7925:
7919:
7914:
7908:
7903:
7897:
7893:
7886:
7880:
7875:
7870:
7864:
7859:
7853:
7848:
7842:
7837:
7831:
7826:
7820:
7815:
7809:
7804:
7798:
7791:
7782:
7779:
7776:
7773:
7768:
7762:
7757:
7751:
7746:
7740:
7735:
7729:
7721:
7715:
7710:
7705:
7699:
7694:
7688:
7683:
7677:
7672:
7666:
7661:
7655:
7650:
7644:
7639:
7633:
7626:
7620:
7615:
7608:
7601:
7597:
7590:
7586:
7581:
7575:
7570:
7564:
7557:
7551:
7546:
7542:
7537:
7531:
7526:
7520:
7515:
7509:
7504:
7498:
7493:
7487:
7483:
7476:
7470:
7465:
7460:
7454:
7449:
7443:
7438:
7432:
7427:
7421:
7416:
7410:
7406:
7401:
7395:
7388:
7379:
7376:
7373:
7370:
7366:
7362:
7358:
7353:
7347:
7340:
7331:
7328:
7325:
7322:
7318:
7314:
7310:
7305:
7299:
7292:
7286:
7281:
7276:
7270:
7265:
7259:
7254:
7248:
7243:
7237:
7232:
7226:
7222:
7217:
7211:
7204:
7198:
7193:
7188:
7182:
7178:
7174:
7170:
7166:
7162:
7158:
7151:
7145:
7140:
7135:
7129:
7124:
7118:
7113:
7107:
7102:
7096:
7092:
7085:
7079:
7074:
7069:
7063:
7058:
7052:
7047:
7041:
7036:
7030:
7026:
7017:
7004:
6998:
6993:
6988:
6982:
6977:
6971:
6966:
6960:
6955:
6949:
6945:
6938:
6932:
6927:
6922:
6916:
6911:
6905:
6900:
6894:
6889:
6883:
6878:
6872:
6863:
6850:
6844:
6839:
6834:
6828:
6823:
6817:
6812:
6806:
6801:
6795:
6791:
6787:
6782:
6776:
6769:
6763:
6758:
6753:
6747:
6742:
6736:
6731:
6725:
6720:
6714:
6709:
6703:
6698:
6692:
6687:
6681:
6674:
6668:
6659:
6654:
6649:
6643:
6639:
6635:
6631:
6627:
6625:
6621:
6614:
6611:
6608:
6606:
6603:
6601:
6598:
6597:
6588:
6583:
6578:
6573:
6569:
6566:
6565:Pronunciation
6559:
6556:
6555:
6554:
6552:
6549:
6545:
6538:
6532:
6526:
6520:
6519:modern Hebrew
6513:
6507:
6501:
6495:
6491:
6487:
6483:
6479:
6475:
6474:pronunciation
6462:
6459:
6452:
6448:
6445:
6438:
6434:
6430:
6426:
6422:
6410:
6402:
6394:
6382:
6375:
6372:
6369:
6362:
6358:
6346:
6335:
6331:
6316:
6313:
6309:
6301:
6294:
6293:
6292:
6290:
6286:
6285:BeGeD KePoReT
6282:
6270:
6266:
6262:
6256:
6211:
6210:
6195:
6184:
6179:
6176:
6173:
6163:
6160:
6153:
6141:
6130:
6125:
6120:
6117:
6114:
6104:
6101:
6094:
6081:
6070:
6065:
6054:
6042:
6031:
6026:
6016:
6003:
5999:
5988:
5983:
5973:
5961:
5950:
5945:
5932:
5928:
5915:
5904:
5899:
5889:
5876:
5872:
5861:
5856:
5848:
5839:
5835:
5834:alternatingly
5830:
5827:
5819:
5814:
5806:
5789:
5776:
5765:
5761:
5758:
5754:
5751:
5749:
5745:
5735:
5733:
5729:
5725:
5721:
5717:
5713:
5709:
5705:
5692:
5679:
5670:
5668:
5666:
5652:
5650:
5648:
5642:
5635:
5634:
5632:
5622:
5617:
5608:
5594:
5588:
5582:
5574:
5562:
5554:
5542:
5536:
5527:
5518:
5514:
5507:
5506:
5504:
5494:
5489:
5479:
5471:
5468:
5465:
5462:
5453:
5452:
5450:
5444:
5440:
5435:
5425:
5414:
5411:
5410:
5408:
5401:
5392:
5390:
5388:
5382:
5379:
5370:
5369:
5367:
5357:
5352:
5342:
5338:
5333:
5332:Arabic letter
5330:
5328:
5325:
5322:
5319:
5318:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5304:
5291:
5289:
5286:
5282:
5279:
5275:
5270:
5246:
5239:
5237:
5234:
5231:
5228:
5224:
5219:
5209:
5202:
5200:
5198:
5197:
5192:
5189:
5185:
5180:
5170:
5163:
5161:
5159:
5157:
5153:
5150:
5146:
5141:
5131:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5114:
5111:
5110:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5099:
5088:
5068:
5060:
5052:
5044:
5040:
5027:
5023:
5020:In Iraqi and
5019:
5016:
5012:
5009:, as well as
5008:
5004:
5001:
4997:
4994:
4990:
4986:
4982:
4979:
4975:
4971:
4967:
4963:
4962:
4961:
4953:
4950:
4947:
4944:
4935:
4932:
4929:
4926:
4918:
4915:
4914:
4911:
4907:
4904:
4902:kh, ch, ḵ, x
4901:
4892:
4889:
4886:
4883:
4873:
4870:
4869:
4865:
4862:
4859:
4856:
4847:
4844:
4841:
4838:
4830:
4827:
4826:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4814:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4800:
4797:
4796:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4772:
4764:
4756:
4752:
4744:
4740:
4736:
4732:
4724:
4716:
4708:
4700:
4692:
4682:
4676:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4650:Proto-Semitic
4647:
4637:
4634:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4612:
4611:
4607:
4604:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4582:
4581:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4564:
4561:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4551:
4547:
4543:
4539:
4531:
4527:
4522:
4521:Shin (letter)
4512:
4510:
4506:
4498:
4485:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4459:
4453:
4449:
4444:
4438:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4408:
4393:
4391:
4384:
4379:
4373:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4336:
4332:
4327:
4321:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4284:
4282:
4275:
4270:
4264:
4263:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4224:
4219:
4213:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4178:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4163:
4158:
4152:
4151:
4145:
4140:
4131:
4128:/ˈtsadisofit/
4126:
4122:צָדִי סוֹפִית
4120:
4114:
4113:
4110:
4109:
4098:
4093:
4084:
4079:
4073:
4071:
4064:
4053:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4018:
4012:
4008:
4003:
3997:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3962:
3956:
3952:
3947:
3941:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3906:
3900:
3896:
3891:
3885:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3850:
3844:
3842:
3835:
3830:
3824:
3823:
3819:
3817:
3811:
3809:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3779:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3764:
3756:
3748:
3743:
3737:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3688:
3683:
3677:
3676:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3649:
3643:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3606:
3604:
3597:
3586:
3585:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3558:
3552:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3515:
3513:
3506:
3495:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3449:
3444:
3438:
3437:
3434:
3433:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3401:
3397:
3389:
3384:
3378:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3341:
3337:
3332:
3326:
3325:
3322:
3321:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3289:
3285:
3280:
3274:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3237:
3235:
3228:
3223:
3217:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3182:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3167:
3162:
3156:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3110:
3105:
3099:
3098:
3095:
3094:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3049:
3048:
3045:
3042:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3012:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2997:
2992:
2986:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2940:
2935:
2929:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2894:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2879:
2874:
2868:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2841:
2837:
2832:
2826:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2781:
2779:
2772:
2767:
2761:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2734:
2732:
2726:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2689:
2687:
2680:
2675:
2669:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2639:
2634:
2628:
2624:
2619:
2613:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2583:
2578:
2572:
2570:
2563:
2558:
2552:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2540:
2538:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2497:
2489:
2484:
2478:
2477:
2471:
2469:
2468:
2466:pronunciation
2462:
2460:
2455:
2452:pronunciation
2450:
2446:
2443:pronunciation
2441:
2437:
2433:
2430:pronunciation
2428:
2427:Modern Hebrew
2424:
2419:
2416:
2412:
2411:
2407:Pronunciation
2405:
2397:
2387:
2384:
2380:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2356:Pronunciation
2353:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2334:
2329:
2325:
2320:
2314:
2311:
2305:
2299:
2293:
2287:
2281:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2246:
2240:
2234:
2228:
2227:
2196:
2190:
2172:
2166:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2142:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2133:
2132:
2128:
2126:
2125:
2121:
2119:
2117:
2112:
2110:
2109:
2105:
2103:
2102:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2089:
2087:
2086:
2082:
2080:
2079:
2075:
2074:
2067:
2066:
2059:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1990:
1988:
1987:
1983:
1981:
1980:
1976:
1974:
1973:
1969:
1967:
1966:
1962:
1960:
1958:
1953:
1951:
1949:
1944:
1942:
1941:
1937:
1935:
1934:
1930:
1928:
1926:
1921:
1919:
1918:
1914:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1866:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1821:נקודות
1818:
1813:
1795:
1794:write Yiddish
1792:When used to
1790:
1788:
1787:full spelling
1784:
1780:
1779:Modern Hebrew
1776:
1772:
1768:
1767:
1758:
1750:
1742:
1734:
1731:
1721:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1685:
1684:
1680:
1679:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1654:
1653:
1649:
1648:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1629:
1628:
1627:
1623:
1622:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1608:
1607:
1606:
1602:
1601:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1577:
1576:
1575:
1571:
1570:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1551:
1550:
1549:
1545:
1544:
1540:
1533:
1527:
1521:
1515:
1509:
1503:
1497:
1491:
1485:
1479:
1473:
1467:
1461:
1455:
1449:
1443:
1437:
1431:
1425:
1419:
1413:
1407:
1401:
1395:
1389:
1383:
1377:
1370:
1369:
1361:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1342:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1295:
1286:
1282:
1279:, called the
1278:
1273:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1241:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1220:
1214:
1208:
1204:
1199:
1190:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1171:
1169:
1164:
1162:
1161:full spelling
1158:
1154:
1153:Modern Hebrew
1150:
1149:
1142:
1135:
1128:
1121:
1115:
1113:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1072:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1049:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1026:Judeo-Persian
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
994:square script
991:
990:Jewish script
987:
986:
980:
973:
968:
964:
947:
946:Paleohispanic
944:
937:
934:
933:
931:
928:
927:
925:
924:Libyco-Berber
922:
915:
912:
911:
904:
901:
898:
895:
887:
884:
874:
871:
870:
868:
865:
862:
859:
856:
853:
850:
847:
842:
839:
836:
833:
828:
825:
822:
819:
816:
813:
810:
807:
804:
801:
798:
795:
794:
792:
789:
788:
786:
783:
782:
780:
777:
772:
769:
760:
757:
756:
755:
752:
742:
741:Old Hungarian
739:
738:
736:
733:
732:
730:
727:
726:
724:
721:
714:
711:
710:
708:
705:
704:
702:
699:
696:
693:
688:
685:
684:
680:
679:
673:
668:
665:
664:
662:
659:
650:
647:
646:
645:10th century
644:
641:
636:
633:
632:
630:
627:
622:
619:
616:
613:
610:
607:
606:
604:
601:
600:
598:
597:
592:
591:
589:
586:
583:
580:
579:
577:
574:
569:
566:
565:
563:
560:
559:
557:
554:
553:
546:
543:
535:
532:
529:
526:
516:
510:
509:
507:
504:
494:
491:
490:
488:
485:
482:
479:
478:
474:
473:
467:
460:
457:
456:
452:
451:
445:
444:
440:
439:
433:
432:
424:
423:
417:
416:
412:
407:
406:
399:
395:
391:
389:
381:
368:
356:
352:
350:
346:
339:
331:
328:
324:
321:
320:
318:
315:
314:Unicode range
310:
306:
303:Unicode alias
300:
297:
293:
283:
281:
277:
272:
266:
263:
261:
258:
256:
253:
251:
248:
246:
243:
240:
238:
235:
233:
230:
228:
225:
224:
222:
216:
210:
207:
205:
202:
201:
199:
196:Child systems
193:
180:
179:
178:
175:
174:
173:
170:
169:
168:
165:
164:
163:
159:
153:
148:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
118:
114:
111:
108:
104:
99:
93:
90:
86:
82:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
55:
49:
46:
42:
38:
34:
19:
18:Hebrew script
22797:
22793:Paleo-Hebrew
22781:Inscriptions
22686:
22675:
22664:
22653:
22642:
22631:
22620:
22609:
22598:
22587:
22576:
22565:
22554:
22543:
22532:
22521:
22510:
22499:
22488:
22477:
22466:
22455:
21896:Thai and Lao
21573:Scandinavian
21205:1829 braille
21197:Braille cell
20997:Cypro-Minoan
20863:Pahawh Hmong
20776:Sitelen Pona
20740:Hindu-Arabic
20073:Mundari Bani
19647:Pahawh Hmong
19456:Tamil-Brahmi
19362:Eveyla Akuru
19357:Dhives Akuru
18824:Paleo-Hebrew
18734:
18691:
18627:undeciphered
18534:
18527:
18520:
18513:
18506:
18322:Inverted nun
18307:Cantillation
18266:
18236:Sin/Shin dot
18022:
18008:Paleo-Hebrew
17829:from English
17809:
17741:Mikledet.com
17735:LiteType.com
17693:
17684:
17664:
17654:
17635:
17622:
17588:
17584:
17560:
17545:
17531:Bibliography
17521:
17505:
17496:
17487:
17478:
17467:the original
17431:
17423:
17415:
17401:
17382:
17376:
17271:
17258:
17246:. Retrieved
17242:
17233:
17225:
17220:
17208:
17196:
17184:
17172:
17167:, p. 4.
17160:
17141:
17135:
17123:
17118:
17106:
17101:
17077:
17046:
17034:
17022:
17002:
16995:
16986:
16980:
16969:
16951:
16933:
16913:
16906:
16897:
16891:
16883:
16879:
16875:
16871:
16867:
16859:
16855:
16850:
16840:
16831:
16798:
16794:
16788:
16778:
16769:
16750:
16742:
16699:
16691:
16681:
16679:, comment).
16651:, the sound
16575:
16545:
16541:
16537:
16533:
16529:
16525:
16521:
16507:
16503:Mandaic ones
16496:
16491:אלף־בית עברי
16469:
16467:
16442:Inverted nun
16393:
16370:
16352:
16230:
16226:aleph number
16136:
16120:
16114:
16108:
16107:
16090:
16071:
16047:
16041:
16022:
16012:
16000:
15988:
15952:
15950:→ "schach".
15928:(as "ch" in
15919:
15873:
15869:
15832:
15820:glottal stop
15780:
15779: are
15766:
15397:
14906:
14722:
14647:
14639:initial word
14591:
14575:
13922:
13908:עַדְלֹאיָדַע
13038:
12702:
12573:
12553:initial word
12490:
12469:
12416:
12412:
12406:
12400:
12386:
12372:
12368:
12358:
12351:
12281:
11934:building in
11890:
11863:
11839:
11808:Explanation
11603:Final Tsadi
10727:Paleo-Hebrew
10654:
10650:
10639:Rashi script
10601:
10598:
10578:
10574:
10568:
10559:
10555:
10549:
10541:
10537:
10533:
10527:
10509:
10503:
10495:
10460:
10425:
10386:
10347:
10280:Vowel length
10259:
10227:
10194:
10164:t or silent
10161:
10155:
10150:
10140:
10082:
10077:
10071:
10069:
10045:
10039:
10037:
10020:
10012:
10005:
9999:
9993:
9989:
9984:
9980:
9976:
9972:
9968:
9963:
9961:
9954:
9934:
9916:
9898:
9879:
9861:
9841:
9837:
9833:ah, (or oh)
9810:
9790:
9772:
9752:
9734:
9714:
9710:
9703:
9678:
9658:
9640:
9582:
9576:
9575:
9572:Vowel points
9526:
9478:
9447:
9420:
9356: and
9348: and
9337:
9329:
9321:
9313:
9308:
6509: and
6471:
6460:
6446:
6420:
6415:the same as
6408:
6400:
6392:
6380:
6356:
6344:
6329:
6307:
6299:
6284:
6280:
6268:
6207:
6201:
6191:
6171:
6158:
6151:
6139:
6112:
6099:
6092:
6079:
6052:
6040:
6014:
6001:
5997:
5971:
5959:
5930:
5926:
5913:
5887:
5874:
5870:
5787:
5774:
5741:
5723:
5719:
5711:
5707:
5703:
5702:
5664:
5661:
5646:
5643:
5627:
5606:
5592:
5516:
5499:
5466:
5445:
5404:ד׳ו אל־חיג׳ה
5386:
5383:
5362:
5300:
5284:
5235:upár (treat)
5232:
5195:
5155:
5096:
5046:
5025:
5014:
4999:
4992:
4977:
4973:
4959:
4951:
4933:
4916:
4909:
4890:
4871:
4863:
4845:
4828:
4790:With dagesh
4778:
4770:
4762:
4754:
4750:
4742:
4730:
4722:
4714:
4706:
4698:
4690:
4684:
4646:left-dot-sin
4645:
4643:
4635:
4622:
4605:
4592:
4589:(right dot)
4553:
4549:
4545:
4541:
4529:
4525:
4524:
4515:Shin and sin
4490:
4481:
4480:
4430:
4429:
4365:
4364:
4313:
4312:
4205:
4204:
4107:
4105:
4045:
4044:
3989:
3988:
3958:פֵּא סוֹפִית
3933:
3932:
3877:
3876:
3815:
3813:
3807:
3805:
3729:
3728:
3651:נוּן סוֹפִית
3635:
3634:
3581:/me̞msœˈfiθ/
3544:
3543:
3487:
3486:
3431:
3429:
3370:
3369:
3343:כַּף סוֹפִית
3319:
3317:
3266:
3265:
3209:
3208:
3148:
3147:
3092:
3090:
3043:
3039:
3038:
2978:
2977:
2921:
2920:
2860:
2859:
2818:
2817:
2753:
2752:
2718:
2717:
2661:
2660:
2605:
2604:
2544:
2542:
2536:
2534:
2464:
2463:
2456:
2382:
2315:
2260:
2152:
2143:
2136:
2129:
2122:
2113:
2106:
2099:
2090:
2083:
2076:
1991:
1984:
1977:
1970:
1963:
1954:
1945:
1938:
1931:
1922:
1915:
1882:
1872:
1862:
1859:Hebrew roots
1854:
1844:
1816:
1814:
1791:
1765:
1727:
1707:
1642:Cantillation
1343:
1296:
1274:
1270:paleo-Hebrew
1243:
1228:Hebrew Bible
1219:Aleppo Codex
1217:
1175:paleo-Hebrew
1172:
1165:
1156:
1146:
1110:
1099:impure abjad
1084:
1073:
1050:
1022:Judeo-Arabic
998:block script
997:
993:
989:
983:
979:Alefbet ivri
962:
960:
936:Neo-Tifinagh
932:4th century
926:10th c. BCE
805:19th century
737:6th century
709:4th century
676:
660:
631:7th century
615:Dhives Akuru
605:4th century
594:
564:10th c. BCE
562:Paleo-Hebrew
558:12th c. BCE
508:12th c. BCE
477:19th c. BCE
470:
448:
443:32nd c. BCE
436:
420:
387:
385:
361:and ⟨
343:
45:
22395:RoboBraille
22219:Róża Czacka
22159:Perforation
21956:Independent
21854:(Bhutanese)
21589:Greenlandic
21260:Azerbaijani
21062:Jindai moji
20951:Syllabaries
20922:SignWriting
20822:Celtiberian
20724:Hieroglyphs
20527:Seal script
20512:Traditional
20384:Blissymbols
20289:Warang Citi
20264:Tolong Siki
20217:Marcomannic
20197:Dalecarlian
20187:Anglo-Saxon
20167:Pau Cin Hau
20058:Medefaidrin
20011:Merovingian
19971:Blackletter
19879:Asomtavruli
19672:Warang Citi
19481:Ulu scripts
19426:New Tai Lue
19369:Mon–Burmese
19223:Bhattiprolu
19051:Nandinagari
18878:ʾEsṭrangēlā
18637:constructed
18327:Shekel sign
18289:Punctuation
18254:with Niqqud
18164:Palestinian
17953:Orthography
17933:Palestinian
17311:Deuteronomy
17165:Berlin 2004
16884:The Mishnah
16649:orthography
16485:אלפבית עברי
16437:Help:Hebrew
16400:typewriters
16381:punctuation
16259:beth number
16074:Kabbalistic
15654:dialectical
15486:dialectical
15429:dialectical
15138:consonantal
15093:dialectical
14928:consonantal
14876:consonantal
14379:dialectical
14067:dialectical
13970:dialectical
13558:information
13439:consonantal
13368:dialectical
13069:consonantal
12975:consonantal
12455:Translation
10599:The symbol
10311:Very Short
10015:The letter
9850:Holam Haser
9694:succeeding
9560:tseré malé
9544:ḥiríq malé
9498:ḥolám malé
9394:designation
9387:consonantal
9385:when letter
9287:glottalized
6427:with other
6387:variant of
6209:BeGeD KeFeT
6193:* Varyingly
5742:In much of
5710:(a doubled
5389:ū al-Ḥijjah
5079:⟩, ⟨
5075:⟩, ⟨
5071:, written ⟨
5047:The sounds
4980:with dagesh
4619:(left dot)
4039:/fe̞sœˈfiθ/
4029:/ˈlaŋɡəfɛɪ/
4014:פֵא סוֹפִית
3983:/pe̞sœˈfiθ/
3973:/ˈlaŋɡəpɛɪ/
3672:/nunsœˈfiθ/
3662:/ˈlaŋɡənʊn/
3560:מֵם סוֹפִית
3424:/xafsœˈfiθ/
3414:/ˈlaŋɡəχɔf/
3403:כַף סוֹפִית
3364:/kafsœˈfiθ/
3354:/ˈlaŋɡəkɔf/
2267:Zayit Stone
2263:abecedaries
1879:final forms
1808: or
1800: or
1637:Punctuation
1624:Ancillaries
1364:Description
985:Ktav Ashuri
972:אָלֶף־בֵּית
863:3rd century
857:3rd century
843:4th century
837:2nd century
793:7th c. BCE
787:8th c. BCE
781:8th c. BCE
773:2nd century
731:2nd c. BCE
725:2nd c. BCE
703:2nd c. BCE
689:4th century
683:3rd c. BCE
663:3rd c. BCE
617:6th century
611:4th century
590:3rd c. BCE
578:8th c. BCE
540: 1601
489:9th c. BCE
483:15th c. BCE
455:7th c. BCE
388:Hebrew text
79:Time period
66:Script type
22823:Categories
22788:Phoenician
21947:(obsolete)
21928:(obsolete)
21720:(Pakistan)
21631:Belarusian
21513:Vietnamese
21456:Portuguese
21442:Philippine
21399:Lithuanian
21052:Hentaigana
21047:Man'yōgana
20507:Simplified
20394:Ersu Shaba
20308:Non-linear
20113:Old Uyghur
20103:Old Permic
20098:Old Italic
20031:Visigothic
19966:Beneventan
19901:Glagolitic
19864:Gadabuursi
19528:Kolezhuthu
19523:Vatteluttu
19461:Tanchangya
19384:Saurashtra
18961:Devanagari
18819:Phoenician
18772:Manichaean
18477:literature
18297:Diacritics
18159:Babylonian
17941:Babylonian
17228:pp. 8, 22.
17201:First 2014
17189:First 2017
16862:10a). Cf.
16762:References
16640: =
16632: =
16624: =
16596: =
16588: =
16570:and never
16559:/piziˈkaj/
16557:and never
16555:/fiziˈkaj/
16551:פִיזִיקַאי
16447:Koren Type
16263:power sets
16176:, such as
16139:set theory
15941:→ "cham";
15920:The Sound
15790:("if", ),
14517:strawberry
11379:Final Nun
11312:Final Mem
11203:Final Kaf
10720:Phoenician
10699:sans-serif
10683:Ancestral
10573:The short
10554:The short
10532:The short
10151:apostrophe
9888:Holam Male
9381:Consonant
6544:gemination
6480:using the
6371:consonants
6315:fricatives
6312:pharyngeal
6265:fricatives
6093:Tav-Samekh
5748:Ashkenazic
5585:commonly.
5293:אַוַונְטַה
5165:גַּ׳חְנוּן
4972:dialects,
4945:f, p̄, ph
4681:Begadkefat
4679:See also:
4665:(or /ś/).
4548:-dot; the
4024:/fejsofit/
3968:/pejsofit/
3667:/nunsofit/
3657:/nunsofit/
3576:/mɛmsofit/
3571:/ˈʃlɔsmɛm/
3566:/memsofit/
3419:/χafsofit/
3409:/χafsofit/
3359:/kafsofit/
3349:/kafsofit/
2712:/ˈdʒime̞l/
2273:, and one
1897:or in the
1747:),
1739:),
1730:consonants
1714:consonants
1632:Diacritics
1616:Numeration
1564:Begadkefat
1348:– such as
1323:Samaritans
1262:Phoenician
1095:consonants
1008:and other
948:7th c. BCE
914:Old Permic
909: 940
897:Glagolitic
892: 430
879: 420
851:5th c. BCE
754:Old Uyghur
747: 650
735:Old Turkic
697:2nd c. BCE
643:Devanagari
584:3rd c. BCE
570:6th c. BCE
556:Phoenician
506:Phoenician
461:3rd c. BCE
22839:Alphabets
22363:Vibratese
22342:Moon type
22335:Decapoint
22016:Eight-dot
21969:Cantonese
21918:Reordered
21881:Inuktitut
21770:Malayalam
21680:Ukrainian
21659:Mongolian
21638:Bulgarian
21601:Norwegian
21566:Icelandic
21357:Hungarian
21315:Esperanto
21267:Cantonese
20851:Redundant
20663:Anatolian
20614:Cuneiform
20542:bird-worm
20478:Logograms
20449:Testerian
20363:Ideograms
20340:Moon type
20227:Staveless
20118:Mongolian
20063:Molodtsov
20021:Sütterlin
19889:Mkhedruli
19755:Bassa Vah
19705:Alphabets
19677:Mwangwego
19642:Mwangwego
19617:Kharosthi
19570:Blackfoot
19533:Malayanma
19404:Sundanese
19399:Sukhothai
19347:Malayalam
19298:Khom Thai
19258:Goykanadi
19182:Tocharian
19135:ʼPhags-pa
19006:Khudabadi
18951:Bhaiksuki
18846:Samaritan
18777:Nabataean
18632:inventors
18346:Phonology
18317:Gershayim
18169:Samaritan
17944:(extinct)
17936:(extinct)
17928:(extinct)
17920:Samaritan
17888:Ashkenazi
17798:Overviews
17729:Keyboards
17613:170926400
17605:0309-0892
17280:cite book
17248:4 October
16882:." See:
16856:Sanhedrin
16823:219568845
16815:1758-6801
16730:loanwords
16688:Ktiv male
16682:However,
16620:variant:
16618:fricative
16604: =
16584:variant:
16512:,
16363:ligatures
16301:ℶ
16274:ℵ
16244:α
16240:ℶ
16211:α
16207:ℵ
16150:ℵ
16110:Creation.
15864:,
15860:,
15856:,
15852:,
15848:,
15835:diacritic
15454:in medial
14680:positions
14641:positions
14213:/t͡sit͡s/
14002:in medial
13928:adloyáda
13287:/ʒarˈɡon/
13255:זָ׳רְגוֹן
12615:positions
12555:positions
12429:בג״ד כפ״ת
12367:offers a
12294:,
12290:,
12286:,
11917:mysticism
11852:diacritic
11814:װ ױ ײ ײַ
11530:Final Pe
10672:Variants
10625:.
10607:gershayim
10595:Gershayim
10589:Gershayim
10550:Note III:
10536:and long
10469:ִ י
10156:or silent
10019: (
9406:Indicated
9383:indicated
9376:of letter
9270:velarized
6577:Ashkenazi
6551:loanwords
6528:,
6503:,
6449:) or the
5929:(without
5873:(without
5724:gershayim
5708:gershayim
5640:)
5525:)
5512:)
5461:Voiceless
5399:)
5375:)
5307:loanwords
4739:fricative
4479:th as in
4311:sh as in
4104:ts as in
4095:/ˈtsadik/
4090:/ˈtsadɪk/
4034:/fesofit/
4020:/fesofit/
3978:/pesofit/
3964:/pesofit/
3723:/ˈsɔme̞x/
3481:/ˈlɔme̞ð/
3428:ch as in
3316:ch as in
3089:ch as in
2858:th as in
2854:/ˈðɔle̞θ/
2812:/ˈdɔle̞θ/
2747:/ˈɣime̞l/
2440:Ashkenazi
2342:. In the
1881:, called
1863:shorashim
1843:, called
1681:Computers
1650:Translit.
1335:Assyrians
1246:Canaanite
1207:gershayim
809:Blackfoot
759:Mongolian
701:Nabataean
695:Palmyrene
635:ʼPhags-pa
582:Kharosthi
568:Samaritan
280:ISO 15924
274:ISO 15924
265:Kharosthi
237:Palmyrene
227:Nabataean
132:Mozarabic
116:Languages
88:Direction
21999:Japanese
21860:Georgian
21852:Dzongkha
21838:Armenian
21756:Gujarati
21621:Cyrillic
21552:Estonian
21527:Yugoslav
21463:Romanian
21435:Nigerian
21350:Hawaiian
21336:Ghanaian
21253:Albanian
21114:Sumerian
21079:Linear B
21042:Katakana
21037:Hiragana
20987:Cherokee
20917:ASLwrite
20878:Bopomofo
20733:Numerals
20719:Hieratic
20678:Isthmian
20647:Sumerian
20627:Assyrian
20622:Akkadian
20279:Vithkuqi
20254:Tifinagh
20222:Medieval
20177:Pisidian
20172:Phrygian
20143:Vagindra
20088:Ol Chiki
19996:Interlac
19951:Kayah Li
19941:Jenticha
19896:Veso Bey
19884:Nuskhuri
19874:Georgian
19844:Formosan
19839:Etruscan
19834:Enochian
19790:Cyrillic
19775:Coelbren
19733:Armenian
19632:Meroitic
19622:Mandombe
19612:Jenticha
19476:Tigalari
19441:Tai Viet
19436:Tai Tham
19416:Tagbanwa
19268:Javanese
19218:Baybayin
19208:Balinese
19196:Southern
19091:Pracalit
19086:Pachumol
19061:Bhujimol
19021:Mahajani
18981:Gurmukhi
18971:Gujarati
18939:Northern
18919:Abugidas
18900:Ugaritic
18888:Maḏnḥāyā
18762:Tifinagh
18755:Solitreo
18693:Numerals
18606:Grapheme
18594:Overview
18486:Surnames
18462:Keyboard
18435:Academic
18421:Segolate
18416:Suffixes
18411:Prefixes
18389:Biblical
18332:Numerals
18246:Spelling
18154:Tiberian
18023:Alphabet
18013:Solitreo
18003:Crowning
17967:Biblical
17925:Tiberian
17915:Yemenite
17893:Sephardi
17867:Medieval
17862:Mishnaic
17850:Biblical
17834:Gematria
17810:Alphabet
17805:Language
17750:Archived
17634:(2022).
17422:(1976),
17365:Archived
17321:מִמֶּךָּ
17071:"Hebrew"
16959:Archived
16941:Archived
16876:Mezuzahs
16872:Mezuzahs
16868:Megillah
16860:Megillah
16726:phonemes
16406:See also
16082:teffilin
16010:/χaˈrap/
16001:"Philip"
15998:/ˈfilip/
15994:פִילִיפּ
15957:30, 6: "
14620:phonetic
14605:phonemic
14584:standard
14568:Standard
14081:/moˈʕil/
14055:/moˈʔil/
13939:adloyáda
13596:/mejˈda/
12691:רִאשׁוֹן
12666:/ʃaˈʔal/
12529:phonetic
12509:phonemic
12483:standard
12462:Standard
12401:phonemic
12397:phonetic
12383:phonemic
11921:gematria
11910:Kabbalah
11835:
11825:וו וי יי
11816:
10569:Note IV:
10528:Note II:
10477:
10442:
10436:
10409:
10403:
10397:
10370:
10364:
10358:
10331:
10325:
10319:
10300:example
10116:example
10085:to "w")
9913:
9895:
9623:example
9523:
9509:
9495:
9475:
9444:
9417:
9336:
9328:
9320:
9312:
9283:ejective
9195:
9100:
9005:
8910:
8798:
8683:
8610:
8515:
8420:
8361:
8257:
8162:
8067:
7979:
7891:
7796:
7727:
7631:
7562:
7481:
7393:
7345:
7297:
7209:
7156:
7090:
7009:
6943:
6855:
6774:
6679:
6619:
6610:Biblical
6605:Mishnaic
6600:Tiberian
6587:Yemenite
6582:Sephardi
6540:;
6478:dialects
6425:cognates
6419:
6407:
6399:
6391:
6379:
6355:
6343:
6328:
6306:
6298:
6279:
6261:plosives
6212:letters
6204:/bɡdkpt/
6172:Tav-Shin
6152:Tet-Shin
5938:kh/ch/h
5716:acronyms
5487:
5458:)
5433:
5396:ذو الحجة
5350:
5339:Comment
5336:Example
5295:
5243:
5241:צ׳וּפָּר
5217:
5206:
5204:קוֹלַאז׳
5178:
5167:
5139:
5128:Example
4966:Sephardi
4964:In some
4942:
4924:
4899:
4893:angaroo
4854:
4836:
4823:Example
4809:Example
4777:
4769:
4761:
4729:
4721:
4713:
4705:
4697:
4689:
4578:Example
4544:-dot or
4538:phonemes
4428:t as in
4397:
4363:s as in
4203:k as in
4100:/ˈsˤɔði/
4086:/ˈtsadi/
4081:/ˈtsadi/
4043:f as in
3987:p as in
3931:f as in
3875:p as in
3800:/ˈʕajin/
3727:s as in
3718:/ˈsamɛχ/
3713:/ˈsaməχ/
3708:/ˈsamɛχ/
3633:n as in
3542:m as in
3485:l as in
3476:/ˈlamɛd/
3471:/ˈlaməd/
3466:/ˈlamɛd/
3368:k as in
3264:k as in
3207:y as in
3146:t as in
3037:z as in
3033:/ˈzajin/
3028:/ˈzajin/
3023:/ˈzajɪn/
3018:/ˈza.in/
3014:/ˈzajin/
2976:v as in
2919:h as in
2849:/ˈðalεt/
2816:d as in
2807:/ˈdalɛt/
2802:/ˈdaləs/
2798:/ˈdaləd/
2793:/ˈdalɛd/
2789:/ˈdalɛt/
2742:/ˈɣɪmεl/
2716:g as in
2707:/ˈɡimɛl/
2702:/ˈɡɪməl/
2697:/ˈɡimel/
2659:v as in
2603:b as in
2459:Yemenite
2449:Sephardi
2361:Alphabet
2271:ostracon
2250:
2244:
2238:
2232:
2224:
2218:
2212:
2206:
2200:
2194:
2188:
2182:
2176:
2170:
2164:
2071:
2063:
2057:
2051:
2045:
2039:
2033:
2027:
2021:
2015:
2009:
2003:
1869:Alphabet
1861:(called
1833:Biblical
1689:Keyboard
1611:Gematria
1603:Numerals
1590:Solitreo
1572:Variants
1546:Features
1541:
1371:
930:Tifinagh
903:Cyrillic
886:Georgian
867:Armenian
785:Etruscan
481:Ugaritic
459:Meroitic
438:Hieratic
359:/ /
355:Help:IPA
142:, other
22803:Aramaic
22776:History
21904:Tibetan
21845:Burmese
21831:Amharic
21814:(India)
21791:Sinhala
21784:Punjabi
21763:Kannada
21711:Persian
21666:Russian
21606:Swedish
21584:Finnish
21559:Faroese
21534:Zambian
21506:Turkish
21491:Spanish
21414:Maltese
21392:Latvian
21385:Italian
21364:Iñupiaq
21343:Guarani
21303:English
21274:Catalan
21191:⠃⠗⠁⠊⠇⠇⠑
21186:Braille
21069:Kikakui
21007:Eskayan
20992:Cypriot
20842:Dunging
20714:Demotic
20693:Tenevil
20637:Hittite
20632:Elamite
20585:Jurchen
20564:Sawndip
20559:Chữ Nôm
20459:Zapotec
20454:Yerkish
20429:Nsibidi
20414:Miꞌkmaw
20404:Isotype
20374:Adinkra
20315:Braille
20299:Zaghawa
20269:Vellara
20249:Sunuwar
20239:Sidetic
20234:Shavian
20162:Osmanya
20152:Ol Onal
20006:Kurrent
19991:Insular
19981:Fraktur
19956:Klingon
19946:Kaddare
19920:Archaic
19829:Elbasan
19817:Chinook
19807:Deseret
19795:Bosnian
19750:Avoiuli
19738:Avestan
19728:Ariyaka
19657:Tengwar
19555:Bharati
19516:Serawai
19506:Pasemah
19491:Lampung
19446:Lai Tay
19431:Tai Noi
19394:Sinhala
19374:Pallava
19342:Makasar
19330:Lontara
19305:Kulitan
19278:Kannada
19273:Kadamba
19263:Hanunoo
19253:Grantha
19248:Fakkham
19165:Tibetan
19150:Soyombo
19145:Siddhaṃ
19140:Sharada
19116:Litumol
19106:Tirhuta
19096:Ranjana
19081:Kvemmol
19041:Multani
19026:Marchen
18991:Kalinga
18931:Brahmic
18868:Sogdian
18807:Psalter
18787:Pahlavi
18767:Mandaic
18745:Cursive
18730:Elymaic
18701:Aramaic
18471:ancient
18447:Academy
18442:Revival
18381:Grammar
18258:missing
17998:Cursive
17988:Braille
17976:Scripts
17903:Mizrahi
17898:Italian
17815:History
17706:General
16864:Mishnah
16722:phoneme
16610:Yiddish
16582:plosive
16564:סְנוֹבּ
16359:letters
16355:Unicode
16319:is the
16093:aggadic
15750:
15730:
15710:
15683:
15620:
15600:
15572:
15545:
15526:
15507:
15450:
15385:
15366:
15347:
15328:
15309:
15265:
15246:
15191:
15165:
15134:
15114:
15051:
15023:
15004:
14968:
14949:
14924:
14896:
14872:
14859:
14839:
14811:
14798:
14778:
14759:
14740:
14712:
14672:
14633:
14592:precise
14586:Israeli
14576:regular
14570:Israeli
14547:
14505:
14463:
14413:
14321:
14279:
14233:ריצ׳רץ׳
14227:
14175:
14141:פִסְפֵס
14135:
14095:
14011:מוֹעִיל
13998:
13917:-parade
13895:
13855:
13815:
13775:
13735:
13666:
13626:
13590:/meˈda/
13537:
13490:
13435:
13393:
13301:
13249:
13209:
13152:
13112:
13065:
13016:
12971:
12958:
12916:
12902:/d͡ʒuk/
12864:
12851:
12809:
12769:
12729:
12680:
12607:
12547:
12537:example
12517:example
12497:example
12491:precise
12485:Israeli
12476:example
12470:regular
12464:Israeli
12450:example
12417:precise
12387:regular
12373:regular
12369:precise
12344:Yiddish
12312:ה׳תשע״ח
12272:
12259:
12244:
12231:
12216:
12203:
12188:
12175:
12160:
12147:
12132:
12119:
12106:
12091:
12078:
12065:
12050:
12037:
12024:
12009:
11996:
11983:
11872:Yiddish
11860:lenited
11821:Yiddish
11805:Symbol
11404:Samekh
10734:Aramaic
10706:Cursive
10667:Unicode
10519:
10504:Note I:
10298:English
10114:English
10094:Symbol
10021:waw/vav
10013:Note 4:
9990:Note 3:
9969:Note 2:
9964:Note 1:
9840:ther, l
9621:English
9598:Symbol
9587:/ieaou/
9556:
9540:
9512:shurúq
9479:waw/vav
9399:Name of
9330:waw/vav
9259:
9186:
9091:
8996:
8901:
8789:
8674:
8601:
8506:
8411:
8352:
8343:
8248:
8153:
8058:
7970:
7882:
7787:
7717:
7622:
7553:
7472:
7384:
7336:
7288:
7200:
7147:
7081:
7000:
6934:
6846:
6765:
6670:
6661:
6572:Israeli
6561:Symbol
6515:
6458:Náhuatl
6368:Semitic
6291:, 4:1)
6168:
6148:
6136:
6113:Tav-Sin
6109:
6089:
6076:
6049:
6037:
6011:
5994:
5968:
5956:
5923:
5910:
5884:
5867:
5784:
5771:
5756:Letters
5614:
5603:
5474:ת׳רסטון
5469:urston
5323:Symbol
5264:
5257:
5115:Symbol
4970:Mizrahi
4880:
4829:bet/vet
4812:Symbol
4798:Symbol
4735:plosive
4617:
4587:
4562:Symbol
4457:
4442:
4377:
4340:
4325:
4288:
4268:
4237:
4217:
4176:
4156:
4124:
4118:
4077:
4057:
4016:
4001:
3960:
3945:
3904:
3889:
3848:
3828:
3785:/ʔa.in/
3777:
3741:
3703:
3681:
3653:
3647:
3610:
3590:
3562:
3556:
3519:
3499:
3462:
3442:
3405:
3382:
3345:
3330:
3293:
3278:
3241:
3221:
3180:
3160:
3142:/tˤe̞θ/
3123:
3103:
3066:
3053:
3010:
2990:
2953:
2933:
2892:
2872:
2845:
2830:
2785:
2765:
2738:
2730:
2693:
2691:גִּימֵל
2673:
2632:
2617:
2576:
2556:
2529:/ˈɔlæf/
2524:/ʔalɛf/
2519:/ʔaləf/
2510:
2482:
2436:Yiddish
2415:Unicode
2349:pe-ayin
2339:pe-ayin
2333:ayin-pe
2319:pe-ayin
2313:, etc.
1957:Waw/Vav
1907:Unicode
1875:letters
1850:te'amim
1817:nequdot
1775:Yiddish
1749:Waw/Vav
1704:General
1595:Braille
1580:Cursive
1539:
1532:
1526:
1520:
1514:
1508:
1502:
1496:
1490:
1484:
1478:
1472:
1466:
1460:
1454:
1448:
1442:
1436:
1430:
1424:
1418:
1412:
1406:
1400:
1394:
1388:
1382:
1376:
1226:of the
1193:History
1177:or the
1069:Assyria
1065:Ashurit
1014:Yiddish
974:עִבְרִי
821:Saanich
797:Deseret
771:Mandaic
729:Sogdian
687:Avestan
678:Pahlavi
629:Tibetan
603:Pallava
596:Brahmic
576:Aramaic
450:Demotic
347:in the
326:Hebrew,
296:Unicode
260:Pahlavi
255:Mandaic
250:Elymaic
241:Edessan
140:Aramaic
124:Yiddish
22808:Syriac
22798:Hebrew
22324:Other
22197:People
22187:Braigo
22006:Korean
21874:Hebrew
21805:Telugu
21704:Arabic
21694:Arabic
21652:Kyrgyz
21645:Kazakh
21579:Danish
21477:Slovak
21470:Samoan
21449:Polish
21428:Navajo
21329:German
21322:French
21189:
21134:Yugtun
21124:Woleai
21074:Kpelle
21057:Sōgana
20977:Byblos
20755:Muisca
20673:Cretan
20642:Luwian
20600:Tangut
20419:Mixtec
20389:Dongba
20294:Yezidi
20284:Wancho
20259:Todhri
20212:Gothic
20192:Cipher
20133:Manchu
20123:Evenki
20108:Orkhon
20053:Manchu
20048:Lydian
20043:Lycian
19986:Gaelic
19936:Hanifi
19931:Hangul
19906:Gothic
19854:Fraser
19849:Fox II
19785:Coptic
19760:Carian
19743:Pazend
19716:Linear
19662:Thaana
19607:Sarati
19548:Others
19511:Rejang
19496:Lembak
19486:Incung
19466:Telugu
19421:Tai Le
19315:Langdi
19238:Chakma
19128:Karani
19101:Tamyig
19076:Kummol
19071:Himmol
19066:Golmol
19046:Nagari
19031:Meitei
19016:Lepcha
19001:Khojki
18986:Kaithi
18873:Syriac
18861:Musnad
18740:Ashuri
18735:Hebrew
18718:Elifba
18713:Arabic
18706:Hatran
18681:Abjads
18467:Hebrew
18394:Modern
18312:Geresh
18221:Mappiq
18216:Dagesh
18201:Kamatz
18146:Niqqud
18101:Samech
17993:Ashuri
17908:Syrian
17872:Modern
17672:
17642:
17611:
17603:
17568:
17550:
17542:
17389:
17148:
17010:
16921:
16821:
16813:
16577:dagesh
16572:/snov/
16568:/snob/
16396:QWERTY
16389:glyphs
16383:. The
16379:) and
16372:Niqqud
16037:Talmud
16006:חָרַפּ
15989:"shop"
15982:שׁוֹפּ
15948:/sχaχ/
15838:geresh
15570:צ׳, ץ׳
15244:כּ, ךּ
14900:silent
14716:silent
14618:
14603:
14248:ríčrač
14225:צ׳, ץ׳
14154:fisfés
14147:missed
14017:useful
13787:defect
13714:/sxax/
13685:skhakh
13672:סְכָךְ
13624:כּ, ךּ
13552:מֵידָע
13270:žargón
13261:jargon
13164:to him
13020:silent
12928:boiler
12708:rishón
12684:silent
12622:שָׁאַל
12527:
12507:
12407:Note:
12346:, and
12304:geresh
11966:letter
11956:letter
11946:letter
11936:Prague
11914:Jewish
11905:שלב ב׳
11899:שלב א׳
11555:Tsadi
11228:Lamed
10993:Zayin
10867:Dalet
10825:Gimel
10697:Block
10689:Block
10661:Letter
10645:, and
10542:niqqud
10308:Short
10052:, not
10007:shuruk
10004:, and
10001:mappiq
9995:dagesh
9943:Kubutz
9906:Shuruk
9822:, (or
9799:Kamatz
9761:Patach
9717:nguin
9704:Note 2
9692:( with
9583:niqqud
9578:Niqqud
9369:Letter
9294:Vowels
6548:Arabic
6494:dagesh
6490:geresh
6488:but a
6456:(like
6421:samekh
6409:samekh
6351:, and
6269:dagesh
6118:ts/tz
6041:Samekh
6002:dagesh
6000:(with
5935:Khaf*
5931:dagesh
5877:) Vet
5875:dagesh
5826:silent
5813:hiatus
5744:Israel
5720:geresh
5712:geresh
5704:Geresh
5378:Voiced
5098:geresh
5039:Geresh
4985:Syrian
4773:, and
4755:dagesh
4751:dagesh
4743:dagesh
4707:daleth
4699:gimmel
4675:Dagesh
4669:Dagesh
4256:/re̞ʃ/
4246:/ʁɛɪʃ/
3795:/ajin/
3790:/ajɪn/
3781:/ajin/
3701:סָמֶךְ
3694:Samekh
3538:/me̞m/
3085:/ħe̞θ/
2783:דָּלֶת
2736:גִימֵל
2655:/ve̞θ/
2645:/vɛɪz/
2641:/vɛɪs/
2599:/be̞θ/
2589:/bɛɪz/
2585:/bɛɪs/
2514:/alɛf/
2421:Hebrew
2390:letter
2377:, and
2101:Samech
1899:Arabic
1887:Hebrew
1855:niqqud
1837:poetry
1783:vowels
1771:niqqud
1724:Vowels
1358:Israel
1352:, the
1350:Karaim
1321:. The
1299:Israel
1258:Hebrew
1205:, and
1203:geresh
1112:niqqud
1024:, and
1018:Ladino
967:Hebrew
861:Gothic
855:Coptic
849:Lycian
815:Fraser
723:Syriac
707:Arabic
661:Hebrew
588:Brahmi
534:Thaana
528:Hangul
363:
307:Hebrew
245:Hatran
232:Syriac
128:Ladino
120:Hebrew
110:Israel
94:
22040:(GS8)
22031:Kanji
21889:Khmer
21867:Greek
21798:Tamil
21731:i.e.
21692:i.e.
21673:Tatar
21619:i.e.
21520:Welsh
21421:Māori
21378:Irish
21296:Dutch
21289:Czech
21099:Nüshu
20967:Bamum
20962:Afaka
20769:Other
20760:Roman
20745:Abjad
20668:Bagam
20569:Bowen
20554:Kanji
20549:Hanja
20537:small
20532:large
20439:Olmec
20409:Kaidā
20399:Emoji
20379:Aztec
20182:Runic
20157:Osage
20138:Oirat
20083:Ogham
20016:Sigla
19961:Latin
19916:Greek
19800:Early
19770:Cirth
19723:Adlam
19592:Geʽez
19587:Fox I
19451:Tamil
19310:Lanna
19293:Khmer
19283:Karen
19233:Buhid
19213:Batak
19170:Uchen
19160:Takri
19111:Limbu
19011:Laṇḍā
18996:Khema
18976:Gupta
18966:Dogri
18883:Serṭā
18856:Zabur
18841:Punic
18814:Pegon
18750:Rashi
18664:Types
18615:Lists
18579:Types
18481:Names
18457:Ulpan
18452:Study
18302:Meteg
18226:Maqaf
18206:Holam
18196:Pataḥ
18191:Segol
18186:Tzere
18181:Hiriq
18116:Tsadi
18086:Lamed
18061:Zayin
18046:Dalet
18041:Gimel
17983:Rashi
17609:S2CID
17470:(PDF)
17463:(PDF)
17313:7 1 (
17268:(PDF)
16845:2021.
16819:S2CID
16738:]
16734:[
16714:]
16710:[
16706:]
16702:[
16675:(see
16673:]
16669:[
16657:]
16653:[
16644:. In
16546:sofit
16544:in a
16472:maqaf
16464:Notes
16076:text
16056:Zohar
16046:, or
15986:/ʃop/
15939:/χam/
15816:]
15812:[
15761:Notes
15673:]
15669:[
15663:]
15659:[
15646:]
15642:[
15636:]
15632:[
15421:]
15417:[
15299:]
15295:[
15230:]
15226:[
15102:]
15098:[
15085:]
15081:[
14994:]
14990:[
14984:]
14980:[
14662:]
14658:[
14511:תּוּת
14451:/ʃam/
14425:there
14398:]
14394:[
14388:]
14384:[
14366:]
14362:[
14356:]
14352:[
14291:sound
14194:tsits
14101:טִיפּ
13960:]
13956:[
13915:Purim
13747:to me
13723:]
13719:[
13611:/e̞j/
13605:]
13601:[
13509:in me
13476:/jam/
13377:]
13373:[
13358:]
13354:[
13349:/xam/
13197:]
13193:[
13187:]
13183:[
12922:דּוּד
12876:roach
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7594:(1)
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2562:b
2545:p
2496:ʔ
2488:∅
2480:א
2307:-
2295:-
2283:-
2248:ץ
2242:ף
2236:ן
2230:ם
2222:ת
2216:ש
2210:ר
2204:ק
2198:צ
2192:פ
2186:ע
2180:ס
2174:נ
2168:מ
2162:ל
2069:ך
2061:כ
2055:י
2049:ט
2043:ח
2037:ז
2031:ו
2025:ה
2019:ד
2013:ג
2007:ב
2001:א
1885:(
1819:(
1810:י
1806:ע
1761:י
1759:(
1753:ו
1751:(
1745:ה
1743:(
1737:א
1735:(
1537:ﭏ
1530:ת
1524:ש
1518:ר
1512:ק
1506:ץ
1500:צ
1494:ף
1488:פ
1482:ע
1476:ס
1470:ן
1464:נ
1458:ם
1452:מ
1446:ל
1440:ך
1434:כ
1428:י
1422:ט
1416:ח
1410:ז
1404:ו
1398:ה
1392:ד
1386:ג
1380:ב
1374:א
1287:(
1141:א
1134:ה
1127:ו
1120:י
1114:.
965:(
593:(
518:)
511:(
390:.
369:.
43:.
20:)
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